Professional Documents
Culture Documents
By Josh Antwhistle
First year Architecture
The corner conflict of the Doric orderThe corner conflict was a problem that lies within the Doric order, the
basis of the conflict was down to the fact of the columns commonly had a
Triglyph over each of them and one in the middle; this the meant that the
outer triglyph was always located in the corner, this then lead on to
another problem; the thickness of the architrave was wider than the
triglyph. This meant that what should have been the corner triglyph didnt
fall in the middle of the last column as seen in the diagram shown. One of
the only ways to avoid this conflict was to shorten the structure or make
the corner columns wider than the rest. This conflict later went on to the
Doric order being abandoned due to the vast amount of problems that lay
within the first order. Although this was a massive problem in the start of
Greek architecture it allowed the Greeks to then move on and develop the
way they construct architecture. The development of this then led on to
the next two orders; the Ionic order and the Corinthian order, which were
both used excessively throughout ancient architecture.
Ionic orderFollowing the Doric order is the Ionic order, as the name suggests this
order originated in Ionia in the 6th century; regions off the coast of central
Greece. Central Anatolia (also known as Turkey) is fundamentally where
the Ionic order first publicized; Anatolia was a place where ancient Greek
settlements were located. The Ionic order has a distinctive form of sea
scrolls volutes on the columns as seen in Figure 4. Roman historian
Vitruvius compared this delicate order to a female form, in contrast to the
stockier "male" Doric order. The Ionic order was used for smaller buildings
and interiors unlike the Doric order that was used for larger buildings such
as temples; the reason for this was because of its delicate form, this
allowed the Ionic order to fit into interiors easier than the other two
orders. Also the more detailed volutes gave the Ionic order an advantage
of being added into an interior. A prime example of the Ionic order is The
Temple of Athena Nike located in Athens the capital of Greece. This temple
Corinthian orderThe final order in Greek architecture is the Corinthian order; the most
modern and extravagant order of the three. The Corinthian order portrays
a more elegant approach to Greek architecture characterized by slender
fluted columns and elaborates capitals decorated with acanthus leaves
and scrolls. With the ornamental, elegant and decorative approach this
order was seen as the development of the two previous orders. As the
name suggests, the Corinthian order originated in the Greek city state of
Corinth. The earliest known Corinthian temple to date is temple of Apollo
Epicurius at Bassae dated 420 BC; created by the architect Iktinos, who
also worked alongside Kallikrates designing the Parthenon in 447-432
B.C.E. As seen in Figure 7 the level of dcor that the Corinthian order
brings to the final order of the three is astonishing how far the ornamental
The Legacy of Greek ArchitectureGreek architecture has a solid structure throughout its orders; it is rational
to say that the orders have been a colossal inspiration on later
movements, architects and imaginations of designers. Despite the fact
that Greek architecture plays a huge part of Roman architecture its legacy
springs further than ancient times. When James Athenian Stuart and
Nicholas Revett visited Greece during the period from 1748 to 1755 and
subsequently published The Antiquities of Athens and Other Monuments
of Greece (1762) in London, the neoclassical revolution was underway.
This then flourished the neoclassic movement allowing Greek architecture
to play a key part in the influence of another key movement.
there for it is fair to say that Greek architecture was a main influence in
most Roman architecture, this is easily noticeable when looking at the two
in depth. Not only did the Greeks inspire the Romans but they inspired
many others in ancient and modern architecture, still to this day you can
see the Greek influence flourish in modern day buildings and interiors
Bibliography
References
Ancient History Encyclopedia, (2015). The Temple of Athena Nike: A Small
Shrine Dedicated To One of Athena's Many Incarnations. [Online] Available
at: http://www.ancient.eu/article/62/ [Accessed 9 Dec. 2015].
A-Z Quotes, (2015). Ralph Waldo Emerson Quote. [Online] Available at:
http://www.azquotes.com/quote/842031 [Accessed 10 Dec. 2015].
Cmhpf.org, (2015). Classical Orders of Architecture. [Online] Available at:
http://www.cmhpf.org/kids/dictionary/classicalorders.html [Accessed 9
Dec. 2015].
Dams, A. and profile, V. (2011). NOTED: The Corinthian order. [Online]
Architecturalwatercolors.blogspot.co.uk. Available at:
http://architecturalwatercolors.blogspot.co.uk/2011/12/corinthianorder.html [Accessed 9 Dec. 2015].
Google.co.uk, (2015). corinthian order - Google Search. [Online] Available
at: https://www.google.co.uk/search?
q=corinthian+order&espv=2&biw=929&bih=931&source=lnms&tbm=isc
h&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjb176t5c_JAhWHmw4KHesnDxAQ_AUIBigB#imgrc
=eBZJvoZAN-GBCM%3A [Accessed 10 Dec. 2015].
Greek Architecture: Doric, o. (2015). Greek Architecture: Doric, Ionic, or
Corinthian? - For Dummies. [Online] Dummies.com. Available at:
http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/greek-architecture-doric-ionic-orcorinthian.html [Accessed 10 Dec. 2015].
Greek Architecture: Doric, o. (2015). Greek Architecture: Doric, Ionic, or
Corinthian? - For Dummies. [Online] Dummies.com. Available at:
http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/greek-architecture-doric-ionic-orcorinthian.html [Accessed 10 Dec. 2015].
Greek Architecture: Doric, o. (2015). Greek Architecture: Doric, Ionic, or
Corinthian? - For Dummies. [Online] Dummies.com. Available at:
http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/greek-architecture-doric-ionic-orcorinthian.html [Accessed 9 Dec. 2015].
HISTORY.com, (2015). Temple-of-olympian-zeus-athens-greece - Greek
Architecture Pictures - Ancient Greece - HISTORY.com. [Online] Available
at: http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-