Speech Sound Disorders:

Assessment & Intervention for

Children with Hearing Impairment
Presented by:
Kim Caron, Katie Castillo, Emily Lauterbach,
Annie Loof, and Erin Rutkowsky

Factors to Consider
-

Cause of hearing loss

Severity of hearing loss
Age of diagnosis
Previous exposure to speech
sounds
Frequencies affected
Use of assistive devices
Child-adult interaction

Bauman-Waengler, J. (2012). Articulation and phonological impairments:

A clinical focus. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.

Assessment
-

Speech-Motor Assessment

Spontaneous Speech Sample

Articulation

Intelligibility

Blaiser, K.M. Speech sound disorders: Children with hearing loss [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from ASHA Web site:
http://www.asha.org/events/convention/handouts/2011/blaiser/
Pitts, A.B. Comparing speech assessments: The usefulness of the DEAP as compared to the GFTA-2. Retrieved from Washington University
School of Medicine in St. Louis Web site: http://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/pacs_capstones/600/

Normal Hearing Profile

-

Classification
- Place
- Manner
- Voicing
Position in Word

Ambrose, S.E., Unflat Berry, L.M., Walker, E.A., Harrison, M., Oleson, J., & Moeller, M.P. (2014). Speech sound production in 2-year-olds who
are hard of hearing. American Journal of Speech Language Pathology, 23(2), 91-104. doi: 10.1044/2014_AJSLP-13-0039
Pena-Brooks, A., & Hedge, M.N. (2000). Assessment & treatment of articulation and phonological disorders in children. Austin, TX: PRO-ED,
Inc.

Hearing Impairment Profile

-

Articulation
- Vowel Inventories
- Consonant Inventories

Phonology

Prosodic Features

Ambrose, S.E., Unflat Berry, L.M., Walker, E.A., Harrison, M., Oleson, J., & Moeller, M.P. (2014). Speech sound production in 2-year-olds who
are hard of hearing. American Journal of Speech Language Pathology, 23(2), 91-104. doi: 10.1044/2014_AJSLP-13-0039
Bauman-Waengler, J. (2012). Articulation and phonological impairments: A clinical focus (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.
Elfenbein, J.L., Hardin-Jones, M.A., & Davis, J.A. (1994). Oral communication skills of children who are hard of hearing. Journal of Speech and
Hearing Research, 37, 216-226. doi: 0022.4685/94/3701-0216$01.00/0
McGowan, R., Nuttrourer, S., & Chenausky, K. (2008). Speech production in 12-month-old children with and without hearing loss. Journal of
Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 51(4), 879-888. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2008/064).

Intervention Case Study

Background
Speech first assessed at 2;7 using GFTA-2
- GFTA-2: only accurate production was /b/
- During evaluation session:
- 8 consonants: /p, b, t, d, m, n, w, h/
- 4 vowels
- 1 diphthong
- Intelligibility Score: 6%
Phoneme oriented intervention began at 3;1
Gordon-Brannan, M., Hodson, B., & Wynne, M. (1992). Remediating unintelligible utterances of a child with a mild hearing loss. American

Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 1, 28-38. doi:10.1044/1058-0360.0104.28

Intervention Case Study

Speech assessed again at 4;6 using Assessment of Phonological
Processes - Revised (APP-R) (Hodson, 1986)
- Deviancy Score: high range of severe for chronological age
Spontaneous Speech Sample:
- Intelligibility Measure: 18% (72 syllables/392 syllables)
Cycles Approach was implemented

Gordon-Brannan, M., Hodson, B., & Wynne, M. (1992). Remediating unintelligible utterances of a child with a mild hearing loss. American

Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 1, 28-38. doi:10.1044/1058-0360.0104.28

Intervention Case Study

Speech reassessed at 6;5 using Assessment of Phonological Processes Revised (APP-R) (Hodson, 1986)
Spontaneous Speech Sample:
- Intelligibility Measure:
- familiar listeners: 98%
- unfamiliar listeners: 89%

Gordon-Brannan, M., Hodson, B., & Wynne, M. (1992). Remediating unintelligible utterances of a child with a mild hearing loss. American

Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 1, 28-38. doi:10.1044/1058-0360.0104.28

Factors to Consider
-

Cause of hearing loss

Severity of hearing loss
Age of diagnosis
Previous exposure to speech
sounds
Frequencies affected
Use of assistive devices
Child-adult interaction

Bauman-Waengler, J. (2012). Articulation and phonological impairments:

A clinical focus. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.

Resources for Clinicians

ASHA: Cochlear Implants and the SLP
http://www.asha.org/slp/schools/prof-consult/cochlear-implants/
The Leader: ASHA Blog
http://www.asha.org/Publications/leader/2009/090324/f090324c.htm

Resources for Families

ASHA: Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants
http://www.asha.org/public/hearing/Treatment/
Office for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing
http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/odhh/
Center for Communication, Hearing and Deafness
http://www.cchdwi.org/adult-services/
Wisconsin Sound Beginnings
http://www.improveehdi.org/wi/families.cfm

Resources for Families (contd)

Center for Disease Control and Prevention
http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hearingloss/parentsguide/resources/index.
html
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing/pages/professionals.aspx
Interactive Workbook for Parents with Children Who Are Deaf or Hard
of Hearing
http://www.wespdhh.wi.gov/cms_files/resources/Babies_and_Hearing_
Loss_10-11.pdf

Apps
Tap Tap
http://taptap.biz/
Glide
http://www.glide.me/
Hamilton Captel
http://www.hamiltoncaptel.com/smartphone/

References
Ambrose, S.E., Unflat Berry, L.M., Walker, E.A., Harrison, M., Oleson, J., & Moeller, M.P. (2014). Speech sound production in 2year-olds who are hard of hearing. American Journal of Speech Language Pathology, 23(2), 91-104. doi: 10.1044/2014_AJSLP13-0039
Bauman-Waengler, J. (2012). Articulation and phonological impairments: A clinical focus (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson
Education, Inc.
Blaiser, K.M. Speech sound disorders: Children with hearing loss [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from ASHA Web site:
http://www.asha.org/events/convention/handouts/2011/blaiser/
Elfenbein, J.L., Hardin-Jones, M.A., & Davis, J.A. (1994). Oral communication skills of children who are hard of hearing. Journal of
Speech and Hearing Research, 37, 216-226. doi: 0022.4685/94/3701-0216$01.00/0
Gordon-Brannan, M., Hodson, B., & Wynne, M. (1992). Remediating unintelligible utterances of a child with a mild hearing loss.

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 1, 28-38. doi:10.1044/1058-0360.0104.28

McGowan, R., Nuttrourer, S., & Chenausky, K. (2008). Speech production in 12-month-old children with and without hearing loss.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 51(4), 879-888. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2008/064).

Pena-Brooks, A., & Hedge, M.N. (2000). Assessment & treatment of articulation and phonological disorders in children. Austin,
TX: PRO-ED, Inc.
Pitts, A.B. Comparing speech assessments: The usefulness of the DEAP as compared to the GFTA-2 [PDF document]. Retrieved
from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis Web site: http://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/pacs_capstones/600/