Scholastic

Triumphs at Ateneo
de manila
(1872-1877)

 Four months after the martyrdom of GomBur-Za and Doa Teodora still in prison,
Jose was sent to Manila.
He studied in Ateneo Municipal, a college
under the supervision of the Spanish Jesuits
The Jesuits returned to Manila in 1859, they
were given the management of the Escuela
Pia or what we now know as Ateneo de
Manila

Ateneo de Manila during the Spanish regime

Rizal Enters the Ateneo

June 10, 1872, accompanied by Paciano
went to Manila
His father, change his mind and decided
to send him to Ateneo instead.
He again return to Manila, again
accompanied by Paciano, Matriculated at
the Ateneo Municipal.

Rizal Enters the Ateneo

Father Magin Ferrando, who was the
college registrar, refused to admit him.
Rizal was then eleven years old
Manuel Xerez Burgos intercession
Jose was the first of his family to adopt the
surname Rizal
He first boarded in a house outside
Intramuros

Jesuit System of Education

The Jesuit system of education is more
advanced than that of other colleges in
that period.
The student heard Mass in the morning
before beginning of the daily class.
Students were divided into two groups:
The Roman Empire and The
Carthaginian Empire

Jesuit System of Education

The two groups has an emperor which is
the best student
The Ateneo students in Rizals time wore a
uniform which consisted of hemp-fabric
trousers and striped cotton coat

Rizals First Year in Ateneo

(1872-73)

June, 1872, Rizal first heard Mass

Fr. Jose Bech, Rizals first professor in the
Ateneo
Rizal was placed at the bottom of the
class.
He progressed rapidly and at the end of
the month he became emperor.
He took private lessons in Santa Isabel
College

Summer Vacation
(1873)

He placed second at the end of the year

End of the school year in March, 1873 and
the start of his summer vacation
His mother was in prison
He went to Santa Cruz

Second Year in Ateneo

(1873-74)

Rizal repented having neglected his

studies the previous year
The three boys from Bian
Rizal received excellent grades in all
subjects and a gold medal.

Prophecy of Mothers Release

Rizal immediately go to Santa Cruz in
order to visit his mother
The Prophecy of Rizal to his mother

Joseph(Son
of Jacob)
Doa Teodora
compare Rizals
ability to interpret
dreams to
Joseph

Teenage Interest in Reading

Summer Vacation in 1874 in Calamba
The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexander
Dumas
Cesar Cantus historical work entitled
Universal History
Travels in the Philippines by Dr. Feodor
Jagor

Third Year in Ateneo

(1875-76)
June 1874
Rizal returned to the Ateneo
His mother is release from prison

He won only one gold medal in Latin

He failed to win the medal in Spanish
End of school year(March 1875)

Fourth Year in Ateneo

(1875-1876)
June 16, 1875, he became an interno in
Ateneo
Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez
He won five medals at the end of the
school term.
He returned to Calamba for his summer
vacation (March 1876)

Last Year in Ateneo

(1876-77)
Rizal returned to Manila in June 1876
He was the pride of the Jesuits
He obtained the highest grades in all
subject

Graduation with Highest Honors

March 23, 1877 Commencement Day
Prayed at the college chapel: to the Virgin
so that when I should step into that world,
which inspired me with so much terror, she
would protect me,

Extra-Curricular Activities in Ateneo

Marian Congregation secretary : devotion to
Our Lady of Immaculate Conception
Spanish Literature
Academy of Natural Sciences
Father Sanchez - literature
Father Jose Villaclara practical studies
Agustin Saez painting
Romualdo de Jesus sculpting
Tio Manuel gymnastics and fencing

Sculptural Works in Ateneo

Image of the Virgin Mary batikuling
(Philippine hardwood using a pocket knife)
Father Lleonart requested him to carve
the image of Sacred Heart of Jesus

Anecdotes on Rizal, the Atenean

Felix M. Roxas resignation to pain and
forgiveness
Mansano and Lesaca quarreled and
violently hurled books at each other
Manuel Xeres Burgos boarded shortly
Julio Meliza from Iloilo crying because of
the kite

Poems Written in Ateneo

Mi Primera Inspiracion (My First Inspiration)
dedicated to his mother
1875:
Felicitacion (Felicitation)
El Embarque: Himno a la Flota de Magallanes
(The Departure: Hymn to Magellans Fleet)
Y Es Espanol: Elcano, el Primero en dar la
Vuelta al Mundo (And He is Spanish: Elcano, the
First to Circumnavigate the world.

 El Combate: Urbiztondo, Terror de Jolo (The

Battle: Urbiztondo, Terror of Jolo)
1876: religion, education, childhood memories,
and war
Education: Through Education Our Motherland
Receives Light
The Intimate Alliance Between Religion and
Good Education
Religion: Al Nino Jesus (To the Child Jesus)
1877: last year in Ateneo

Dramatic Work in Ateneo

Father Sanchez requested Rizal to write
a drama based on the prose story of St.
Eustace the Martyr
San Eustacio, Martir

First Romance of Rizal

Segunda Katigbak 14-yr. old Batanguena from
Lipa
Visited his maternal grandmother in Trozo,
Manila with his friend Mariano Katigbak
Segundas portrait
Came to know Segunda more intimately during
his weekly visits to La Concordia College
a love at first sight
Hopeless Segunda engaged to Manuel Luz

 Thursday December 1877; Visited her at

La Concordia College to say goodbye
First Romance: ruined by his own
shyness and reserve,

RIZAL AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF
SANTO TOMAS
(1877-1882)

Mothers Opposition to
Higher Education
Her Reason: If Rizal gets to learn more, the
Spaniards will cut off his head.
In contrary, Paciano and Don Francisco
wanted Rizal to pursue College Education.
Take note:
The Bachelor of Arts degree during Spanish
times was equivalent to a high school diploma
today.

ENROLLMENT AT UST
Philosophy and Letters during his freshman
year. (1877-1878)
Why Philosophy & Letters?
1.) Don Francisco liked it.
2.) Uncertainty on what course to take up.
3.) Failure to solicit the advice of Father Ramon
Pablo, Ateneos Rector, who was then at
Mindanao.

Rizals Grades (1877-1878)

Conversion
Sobresaliente
Notable, Aprovechade
Bueno
Mediano
Aprovado
Suspenso
Reprobado

= 1.00 Excellent
= 1.50 Very Good
= 2.00 Good
= 2.50 Fair
= 3.00 Passed
= 4.00 Conditioned
= 5.00 Failed

Philosophy and Letters

Cosmology & Metaphysics Sobresaliente
Theodicy
Sobresaliente
History of Philosophy
Sobresaliente

 UST was under the Dominicans, rival of

the Jesuits in education.
He remained loyal to Ateneo,
participated in extracurricular activities
and completed a course in surveying in
that same school.
perito agrimensor
November 25, 1881

Extra-curricular activities in Ateneo

while studying at UST:
President of the Academy of Spanish
Literature
Secretary of the Academy of Natural
Sciences
Secretary of the Marian Congregation

Other Extra-curricular Activities

Literary contests:
Liceo Artistico Literario de Manila
A La Juventud Filipina (To the Filipino Youth)
El Consej de los Dioses (The Council of the
Gods)

Wrote one-act play:

Junto al Pasig

Poems:
Abd el-Aziz y Mohama
Al M.R.P. Pablo Ramon

Medical Studies at UST

Shifting from PHL & Letters to Medicine.
Why did Rizal Shift to Medical course?
1.) Don Pablo Ramon, Ateneo Rector, advised
him to choose medicine.
2.) Rizal wanted to cure his mothers growing
blindness.

Scholastic Records from 1878-1882

1st year Medicine (1878-1879)
Physics
Fair
Chemistry
Excellent
Natural History
Fair
Anatomy 1
Good
Dissection 1
Good
2nd year Medicine (1879-1880)
Anatomy 2
Good
Dissection 2
Good
Physiology
Good
Private Hygiene
Good
Public Hygiene
Good

3rd year Medicine (1880-1881)

General Pathology
Fair
Therapeutics
Excellent
Surgery
Good
4th year Medicine (1881-1882)
Medical Pathology
Very Good
Surgical Pathology
Very Good
Obstetrics
Very Good

Reasons Why Rizal didnt enjoy his

stay at UST:
1.) Hostility of Dominican Professors to him.
2.) Racial discrimination against Filipino students.
3.) Dissatisfaction with the method of instruction.

Reasons why Rizal performed poorly at

UST:
1.) Medicine is not his vocation.
2.) Discontentment with the system of education.
3.) Distractions of youth.

Romances
Segunda Katigbak - Rizals puppy love
Batangas

Miss L fair with seductive and attractive eyes

Calamba

Leonor Valenzuela Orang

Pagsanjan, Laguna
Parents: Capitan Juan and Capitana Sanday
Valenzuela
Rizal sent love notes written in invisible ink

 Leonor Rivera a frail, beautiful girl, tender as

a budding flower with kindly wistful eyes
Camiling, Tarlac
April 11, 1867
Father: Antonio Rivera
University: La Concordia College
Taimis

Vicenta Ybardaloza
Pagsanjan
Can play Harp

Student Activism at UST

Rizal displayed his leadership in
student activism.
Indio/chongo vs kastila/bangus
Bitter hostility exist
Racial animosity

Compaerismo
(The Comradeship)
Inspired by Alexander Dumas, Three
Musketeers
Secret Society of Filipino Students
Companions of Jehu
Inspired by Les Compagnons de Jehu
Rizal (president)
Galiciano Apacible (secretary)

 Humiliating treatment of brown Filipino

students
Archaic method of instruction at UST
Favoritism & skin color criteria for
academic performance

Spanish Brutality
happened during his 1st summer
vacation at Calamba after his freshman
year.
Failure to perceive a lieutenant during
that night.
Gen. Primo de Rivera Gov. General
of the Philippines at that time.

Finishing Medicine at UST

Notable in all of his subjects.
He was the 2nd best student in a class of
seven who passed the medicine course.

Decision to Go to Europe
To complete his medical course in
Barcelona, Spain.
To make a name for himself in the field
of Journalism.
To observe and study European
Society.
To prepare himself for the task of
liberating the Filipinos from Spanish
Tyranny.

Important
Literary Works
as a University
Student (UST)

LITERARY WORKS
El Consejo de los Dioses
Junto al Pasig
A Filipinas
To the Filipino Youth (A La
Juventud Filipina)

To the Filipino
Youth
(A La Juventud Filipina)

To the Filipino Youth

o Liceo Artistico Literario de Manila
o 1879
o Grand prize

To the Filipino Youth

1st Stanza:

Unfold, oh timid flower!

Lift up your radiant brow,
This day, Youth of my native
strand!
Your abounding talents show
Resplendently and grand,
Fair hope of my Motherland!

To the Filipino Youth

9th Stanza

Run! For genius' sacred flame

Awaits the artist's crowning
Spreading far and wide the fame
Throughout the sphere
proclaiming
With trumpet the mortal's name

To the Filipino Youth

10th Stanza

Oh, joyful, joyful day,

The Almighty blessed be
Who, with loving eagerness
Sends you luck and happiness

References:
Rizalina site (www.seasite.niu.edu)
Jose Rizal: Social Reformer and Patriot
by De Viana et al.

References:
Rizalina site (www.seasite.niu.edu)
Jose Rizal: Social Reformer and Patriot
by De Viana et al.
Rizal and the Development of Filipino
Nationalism by Garcia et al.
Jose Rizal: Life, Works and Writings of a
Genius, Writer, Scientist and a National
Hero