Questions on Environmental Law

1) What are the objects of environment (protection) Act 1986?

2) What protection measures in India are taken regarding environment?
3) What does “Environment” include and what do you mean by environmental pollutant?
4) What is the subject matter of environment protection Act 1986 and extent of the Act?
5) What are the special power of central government regarding the prevention control and abatement of
environment pollution?
6) What are the duties of persons carrying on industry towards the environment?
7) Define hazardous substance and what are the duties of persons handling hazardous substance?
8) Who shall be bound to prevent environmental pollution if any accident took place in excess of the
prescribed standard?
9) What are the provisions regarding penal liability for contravention of the rules, orders and directions
made there under?
10) Can a company be punished for the offences under the environment protection Act 1986?
11) Can a government servant or concerned head of the government department be punished for the
offences committed under the environment Act 1986?
12) When can a court take cognizance of any office under the Act?
13) What do you mean by the national environment tribunal and what are their functions?
14) Define “Emission”, “Occupier” and outlet under the Act?
15) Discuss the judicial activism relating to the protection of environment.
16) How far environmental protection in India is a constitutional obligation of both the government as well
as of citizens? Discuss.
17) Explain the public internet litigation relating to environment?
18) Comment on earth summit or UN Conference on human environment and development 1992.
19) Does Art. 48 A of the constitution of India impose an obligation of government including courts to
protect the environment?
20) Does right to live U/Art. 21 include right to good environment?
21) Comment on hazardous wastes (Management and Handling) Rules 1989.What are the salient features
of these rules?
22) Explain bio medical wastes (Management and Handling Rules, 1998)?
23) What is the object of water Act, 1974 and to which states it applies?
24) What are the authorities under the Act?
25) What do you mean by central and state pollution control board under the water Act, 1974?
26) Discuss the power and functions of the central and state pollution control board under this Act.
27) Discuss the constitution of the central board under the Act 1974.
28) What do you mean by “water pollution and sewage effluent”?
29) What does “trade effluent “include?
30) Discuss the constitution of state pollution control board under this Act?
31) Can a joint board be constituted under the water Act?
32) What penalty is prescribed for the failure to comply with the direction given U/S 20(2) or (3) of the
water Act 1974 within such time as may be specified in the direction?
33) Can central government establish a central water laboratory?
34) What are the emergency measures taken in case of pollution of stream or well?
35) Effect of aqua culture on environment and impact of toxic chemicals on aquatic micro organism with
reference to mercury and plantonic green algae?
36) Water pollution and its effects on aquatic body? Problems and suggestions of aquatic pollution?
37) What is the impact and effects of air pollution on growing crops?
38) What is “Ecology”?
39) What is environment Impact Assessment?
40) Give your suggestions for the control of pollution of rivers in India?
41) What are the solid waste management rules and their implementation by hospitals and dispensaries?
42) Can Central Government appoint analysts for the purpose of analysis of sample of water or of sewage or
trade effluents?
 43) What procedure is to be followed regarding the taking of samples of effluents by the State Board or any
officer empowered by it in this behalf?
44) What are the penalties under the Water Act for violation of the provisions?
45) Explain the constitution, functions and powers of Central and State Board for the prevention and
control of the Air Pollution under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981?
46) What do you mean by the power to give instructions for ensuring “Standards for Emission” from
Automobiles?
47) State in brief of the power to take samples of Air or Emission and Procedure to be followed in connection
therewith?
48) State briefly the penal provisions as provided under Air (Prevention &Control of Pollution)
Act, 1981?
49) What do you mean by “Air Pollutant” and “Air Pollution” under the Air (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1991?
50) Define “Emission and Industrial Plant”?
51) What is Environmental Audit?
52) What are the short title, extent and commencement of the Air Act?
53) What do you mean by “Power of entry and inspection”?
54) What is the “Power of Board” to make application to court for restraining persons from causing Air
Pollution?
55) Is State (Pollution Control) Board a corporate body having its “perpetual succession “and “common
seal”?
56) What do you mean by “Green House Gases”, “Ozone Layer, CFC’s”and “Global Warming”?
57) What are the health effects of increase in air pollution?
58) What do you mean by “Green Products”?
59) Is water pollution in reality a “nuisance”? Can a Magistrate prohibit repetition or continuance of public
nuisance?
60) What is “Acid Rain”? What are its effects on plants and animals?
61) What do you mean by “Judicial Activism and Environment”?
62) State in brief the various Noise Pollution Control Laws?
63) What is the importance of teaching “Environmental Law “in the curriculum of Management Education”?
64) What are Marine Pollution and its Management?
65) What is “Radioactive Contamination”?
66) When is the “World Environment Day” observed?
67) What is the full form of “NEERI”?
68) What are the two most important causes of pollution?
69) What is “Sustainable Development”?
70) What is the extent of forest Act 1927?
71) What is the object of forest Act 1927?
72) What are the authorities under the Act?
73) What is the meant by “forest officer”?
74) What are the authorities under the Act?
75) “Forest offence” means?
76) What does “owner” include?
77) What does “river” include?
78) What does timber include?
79) What does tree include?
80) Who is forest settlement officer and what are their powers?
81) What are the special purposes for which the state government is empowered to exercise control over
forests and land not being the property of the government?
82) What penalty is provided for counterfeiting or defacing marks on trees and timber for altering boundary
marks?
83) When can any forest officer or police officer arrest any person without warrant?
84) Shall it be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including
forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and to have compassion for living creatures?
85) State the title, extent and commencement of the wild life protection Act 1972?
86) What does word animal include under wild life Act?
87) What is the object of the wild life Act1972?
88) What does word animal article include under wild life Act?
89) What do you mean by the wild life advisory board and how it is constituted?
90) “Captive animal” means?
91) “Chief wild life wardens” means?
92) “Circus” means?
93) “Closed area” means?
94) “Dealer” means?
95) What does habitat include?
96) Hunting means and include?
97) “National park means”?
98) Recognized “Zoo” means?
99) “Reserve Forest” means?
100) “Sanctuary” means?
101) Who can appoint a director of wild life preservation?
102) Who can appoint life warden and other officers?
103) Who can grant a permit to enter or reside in the sanctuary and for what purpose?
104) When can hunting of wild animals be permitted?
105) Shall the killing or wounding in good faith of any wild animal in defense of oneself or of any other
person be an offence?
106) For what special purpose chief wild life warden is entitled to grant permit to hunt any wild animal?
107) Which government is empowered to declare areas as sanctuaries or national park?
108) How central zoo authority is constituted?
109) What penalties are imposed on any person who contravenes any provision of wild life (protection)
ACT 1972?
110) Are the hunting rights of scheduled tribes of Nicobar Islands in the Union territory of Andaman and
Nicobar Islands are protected?
111) Which section of IPC, 1872, prohibits negligent conduct with respect to animals?
112) What is the environmental success story in the Montreal Protocol of 1987?
113) The Global Environment Facility (GEF) is a joint initiative of which bodies?
114) What were the issues of “United Nations Convention on the Human Environment “ held at Stockholm
Sweden in 1972?
115) What were the issues of “United Nations conference on environment and Development held in 1992
at Rio De Janerio, Brazil?
116) What do you mean by “Forest Principles”?
117) Explain Kyoto Protocol?
118) When was Kyoto Protocol adopted? When did it come in to operation? How many states have signed
and ratified the protocol?
119) What do you mean by UNFCC?
120) Hon’ble Supreme Court of India ruled in____AIR 1980 SC 1622 that “Law operates against statutory
bodies and others regardless of the cash in their coffers”? State the name of this land mark case law?
121) What is Aarhus convention, 1998?
122) What is Asia-Pacific partnership on clean development and climate?
123) What is Barcelona convention?
124) What do you understand by Biological weapons convention?
125) What do you understand by Bonn Agreement (Environment)?
126) What is Vienna convention, 1985?
127) What is Espoo Convention, 1991?
128) What is Chicago Convention on Civil Aviation, Montreal, 1981?
129) What is Stockholm Convention, Stockholm, 2001?
130) Explain the convention for the conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR),
Canberra, 1980?
131) Explain the convention Antarctic Treaty, Washington D.C, 1959?
132) Explain the convention on the International Trade in Endangered species of wild flora and fauna,
 (CITES) Washington D.C, 1973?
133) Explain the convention on the prevention of marine pollution by dumping of wastes and other matter
(London Convention), London, 1972?
134) Explain the treaty banning nuclear weapon tests’ in the atmosphere, in outer space and under water?
135) Explain the “Vienna Convention on civil liability for nuclear damage”, Vienna 1963.
136) Explain the United Nations Convention on the Law of the sea (LOS) Convention Montego Bay 1982.
137) Explain the World Heritage Convention concerning the protection of the world cultural and natural
heritage, Paris, 1972.
138) Explain the International Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA), Geneva, 1994.
139) Explain the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), 1996.
140) Explain the United Nation Convention on the Law of the sea.
141) Explain the Anti Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABMT).
142) Explain the” EMEP Protocol”.
143) Explain the Volatile organic Compounds protocol.
144) Explain the Sulphur Emissions Reduction Protocols, 1985 and 1994.
145) Explain the Convention on the protection of Black Sea against pollution Bucharest,1992
146) Explain POP Air Pollution Protocol.
147) Explain the Geneva Protocol.
148) Explain FAO International Code of Conduct on the distribution and use of Pesticides, Rome, 1985.
149) Explain the Convention on Assistance in the case of a Nuclear accident or Radiological Emergency
(Assistance Convention), Vienna, 1986.
150) Explain the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW), Washington, 1946.
151) What is IGPCC? Who is the head of this body?
152) Who is the present environment minister?
153) River “Yamuna” flows through five states? Name each of them?
154) What is “INFILTRATION”?
155) Explain the Water Cycle?
156) How much percentage (%) of the earth’s surface is covered by water?
157) Who has given the slogan “Clean City, Green City”?
158) What are the views on environment in Rig Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda?
159) State the objects of the Indian Fisheries Act, 1897?
160) What is “EAP”?
161) How is US retail giant Wal-Mart contributing its bit towards the environment?
162) What part of a Diesel Generator set (DG set) is responsible for emissions?
163) What is UNEP?
164) What is the various air -borne diseases?
165) What are the various water- borne diseases?
166) What do you mean by “Green Revolution” by whom was it started in India?
167) What are the various sources of pollution generated in housing activities?
168) Explain indoor sources of pollutants and outdoor sources of pollutants?
169) How agriculture activities are responsible for pollution
170) What is the impact of industrial waste on fertile soil?
171) What do you understand by chemical and metallic pollutants?
172) What is the biological agents
173) What is the radioactive pollutants
174) State some of the important seasonal plants?
175) What do you mean by electronic waste?
176) State important perquisites for controlling vehicle pollutions?>
177) State the alternative fuels which can be used in transportation?
178) What do you mean by GREEN BENCH in the High court and the Supreme court?
179) Elaborate the term SPM
180) How does traffic congestion add up to the air pollution?
181) Explain the role of wind turbine in combating pollution
182) What is “VERMICOMPOSTING”?
183) What do you mean by VIRGIN PRODUCT?
184) What is thermal pollution? State the causes of tsunami
185) Explain three R’s in regard to sustainability
186) What is LAGOON?
187) What is interbasin transfer?
188) What is hydrology? Explain the hydrological cycle
189) Explain ppm (parts per million)
190) Explain the ban on the use of plastic carry bags is justified or not
191) What are the advantages and limitations of solar energy in the environment?
192) Explain nuclear energy? What are the effects on the environments?
193) What do you mean by biomass energy and how biogas is generated?
194) How fluoride is harmful in the drinking water
195) What is chipko movement? What was its object?
196) How hydroelectric energy is beneficial to mankind?
197) Explain in brief about electromagnetic radiation.
198) Explain in short the carbon cycle
199) What is Narmada Bachao Andolan? Whom is it headed by?
200) Name the famous environmental lawyer who had taken up environmental litigation against the
Government?