A Coulombs Law & Electric Field Intensity

Chapter 1
coulombs law &electric

field intensity
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

EXTC – DJSCOE

Coulomb’s law EXTC – DJSCOE
n The force between two very small objects

separated in vacuum or free space by a
distance which is large as compare to their size
is proportional to charge on each & inversely
proportional to the distance between them.
Q1Q2
F=K
R2
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH 2
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
1
EXTC – DJSCOE
Coulomb’s law cont…
1
K=
4pe 0
1
e 0 = 8.854 ´10 -12 = ´ 10 -9 F / m
36p
e = e 0e r
ε 0 = permittivity of free space

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH 3
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
Coulomb’s law in vector form
Q1Q2
F2 = aˆ
4pe 0 R 2 12
R12
aˆ12 =
R12
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH 4
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
2
EXTC – DJSCOE
1.
pA charge Q1 =30 mC at M(1,2,3)
& charge Q2=- 0.1mC at
N(2,0,5) in a vacuum. Find force
exerted on Q2 by Q1.
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH 5
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
1. Solution-
R12 = (2 - 1)aˆ x + (0 - 2)aˆ y + (5 - 3)aˆ z

R12 = aˆ x - 2aˆ y + 2aˆ z
R12 = 3
1
aˆ12 = (aˆ x - 2aˆ y + 2aˆ z )
3
QQ
\ F2 = 1 22 aˆ12
4peR
F2 = -1000aˆ x + 2000aˆ y - 2000aˆ z ( N )
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH 6
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
3
EXTC – DJSCOE
2.
p Pointcharge Q1=300 microColumb
located at (1,-1,-3) ,experiences a
force F1 = 8aˆ x - 8aˆ y + 4aˆ z ( N ) due to point
charge Q2 at (3,-3,-2). Determine
Q2.
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH 7
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
2. Solution
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH 8
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
4
EXTC – DJSCOE
R21 = -2aˆ x + 2aˆ y - aˆ z

- 2aˆ x + 2aˆ y - aˆ z
aˆ 21 =
3
Q1Q2
F1 = aˆ 21
4pe 0 R21
2
300 ´ 10 -6 ´ Q2 - 2aˆ x + 2aˆ y - aˆ z

8aˆ x - 8aˆ y + 4aˆ z = ´
10 -9 2 3
4p ´ ´3
36p
\ Q2 = -40 ´10 -6 (c)
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH 9
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
3.
p Findthe force on a 100 micro
Coulomb charge at (0,0,3)m if
four like charges of 20 micro
Coulomb are located on the X &
Y axis at +4m & -4m.
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH 10
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
5
EXTC – DJSCOE
3. solution-
Vector joning Q1 to Q 5 is R 15
R15 = -4aˆ y + 3aˆ z
- 4aˆ y + 3aˆ z
aˆ15 =
5
Force _ on _ Q5 _ due _ to _ Q1 _ is -
Q1Q5
F15 = aˆ15
4pe 0 R152
F15 = 0.144(-4aˆ y + 3aˆ z ) (N)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
Vector joning Q 2 to Q5 is R 25
R25 = 4aˆ y + 3aˆ z
4aˆ y + 3aˆ z
aˆ 25 =
5
Force on Q5 due to Q 2 is -
Q2Q5
F25 = aˆ 25
4pe 0 R25
2
F25 = 0.144(4aˆ y + 3aˆ z ) (N)

DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
6
EXTC – DJSCOE
Vector joning Q 3 to Q 5 is R 35
R35 = -4aˆ x + 3aˆ z
- 4aˆ x + 3aˆ z
aˆ35 =
5
Force _ on _ Q5 _ due _ to _ Q3 _ is -
Q3Q5
F35 = aˆ35
4pe 0 R352
F35 = 0.144( -4aˆ x + 3aˆ z ) (N)
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
13

EXTC – DJSCOE
Vector joning Q 4 to Q 5 is R 45
R45 = 4aˆ x + 3aˆ z
4aˆ + 3aˆ z
aˆ 45 = x
5
Force on Q 5 due to Q 4 is -
Q4Q5
F45 = aˆ 45
4pe 0 R452
F45 = 0.144(4aˆ x + 3aˆ z ) (N)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
7
EXTC – DJSCOE
Force on Q 5 due to Q1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4is -

F5 = F15 + F25 + F35 + F45
F5 = 0.144(-4aˆ y + 3aˆ z ) + 0.144(4aˆ y + 3aˆ z )
+ 0.144(-4aˆ x + 3aˆ z ) + 0.144(4aˆ x + 3aˆ z )
F5 = 0.144(12aˆ z )
F5 = 1.728aˆ z (N)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
Electric Field Intensity

Q1Q2
F2 = aˆ12
4pe 0 R 2
p In Coulomb’s law replace Q2 by Qt
p Qt is test charge, moving around Q1 slowly
p There exist every where a force on the Qt
p Then coulomb’s law will be -
Q1Qt
Ft = aˆ1t
4pe 0 R 2
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
8
EXTC – DJSCOE
Electric Field Intensity cont...
Ft Q1
= aˆ
Qt 4pe 0 R1t
2 1t
p The function of Q1 and the directed line segment

from Q1 to the position of the test charge. This
describes a vector field and is called the electric
field intensity
Q
E= aˆ _( N / C ) _ or _(V / m)
4pe 0 r 2 r
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
Unit of electric field intensity

p Newton/Coulomb or Volt/meter
p Power = (volts)*(Amperes)
p (Joule)/(Second)=(Volts)*(Coulomb/Sec.)
p (Newton)*(Meter)=(Volts)*(Coulomb)
p Newton/Coulomb=Volts/Meter
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
9
4. VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE
EXTC – DJSCOE
p Find the electric field intensity at

(0,3,4)m due to a point charge
Q=0.5 micro Coulomb place at
the origin.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
4. Solution-
The vector joining charge Q at origin

& the point (0, 3, 4) is -
r = 3â y + 4â z
r =5
3â y + 4â z
aˆ r =
5
Q
E= aˆ r
4pe 0 r 2
E = 108aˆ y + 144aˆ z _(v / m)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
10
EXTC – DJSCOE
5.
A metallic sphere one meter in diameter is
immersed in oil of relative permittivity of 2.5
& dielectric strength of 8 ´106 v/m. Calculate
maximum amount charge that can be held on sphere.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
Solution-
p The dielectric strength gives maximum value of
electric field strength that can be present inside the
dielectric. If the value of electric field strength
exceeds that value ,dielectric breaks down.
p If Q is the charge on the sphere then-
Q
E= aˆ r
4pe 0 r 2
Q = E ´ 4pe 0 r 2
Q e = e 0e r
Q = 555.6mC
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
11
EXTC – DJSCOE
6.
p Find electric field intensity at
P(1,1,1) cause by four
identical 3 nC P1(1,1,0) P2(-
1,1,0) P3(-1,-1,0) &
P4(1,-1,0)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
Solution-
p Given:
p Four charges each of 3 nC located at
P1(1,1,0) P2(-1,1,0) P3(-1,-1,0) &
P4(1,-1,0)
p Find electric field intensity at P(1,1,1)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
12
EXTC – DJSCOE
Diagram:
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
Solution:
r1 = aˆ z & r1 = 1
aˆ r1 = aˆ z
r2 = 2aˆ x + aˆ z & r2 = 5 By Superposition theorem
2aˆ x + aˆ z Q Q
aˆ r 2 = E= aˆ + aˆ
4pe 0 r1 4pe 0 r2
2 r1 2 r2
5
Q Q
r3 = 2aˆ x + 2aˆ y + aˆ z & r3 = 3 + aˆ + aˆ
4pe 0 r3 4pe 0 r4
2 r3 2 r4
2aˆ x + 2aˆ y + aˆ z
aˆ r 3 = E = 6.82aˆ x + 6.82aˆ y + 32.8aˆ z _(v / m)
3
r4 = 2aˆ y + aˆ z & r4 = 5
2aˆ y + aˆ z
aˆ r 4 = VINIT JAYAPRAKASH
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
26
13
EXTC – DJSCOE
7.
pA charge of Q coulombs is place
at (0,0,0) & a same amount of
charge is also place at
(10,0,0).Find out electric field
intensity as a function of x, along
x-axis for x is form ‘0 to 10’.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
Solution-
R1 = xaˆ x & aˆ R1 = aˆ x
( R1 is away from origin )
R2 = ( x - 10) aˆ x = (10 - x)(-aˆ x )
aˆ R 2 = -aˆ x
( R2 is twards the origin )
The Electric field intensity due to charge
Q at (0,0,0) is -
Q
E1 = aˆ r1
4pe 0 R12
Q
E1 = aˆ x
4pe 0 x 2
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
14
EXTC – DJSCOE
The Electric field intensity due to charge

Q at (10,0,0) is -
Q
E2 = aˆ r 2
4pe 0 R22
Q
E2 = (-aˆ x )
4pe 0 (10 - x) 2
The total Electric field intensity
at (x,0,0) is -
Q é1 1 ù
E = E1 + E 2 = ê x 2 - (10 - x) 2 ú aˆ x
4pe 0 ë û
Q é 100 - 20 x ù
E= ê x 2VINIT aˆ x
- x) 2 úû
(v/m)
4pe 0 ë DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
(10JAYAPRAKASH 29

EXTC – DJSCOE
Charge Configurations -
p Line Charge :-
The charge is uniformly
distributed along the line.
rl = Total charge sprade

Length of line
dQ Q
rl = =
dl l
( Unit is C/m)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
15
EXTC – DJSCOE
Surface Charge
p The charge is
uniformly distributed
over the surface
Total charge sprade

rs =
Area of surface
dQ Q
rs = = ( Unit is C/m 2 )
ds S
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
Volume charge
n The charge is
uniformly
distributed in the
volume.
Charge filled in the volume

rv =
Volume
dQ Q
rv = = (Unit is C/m 3 )
dv v
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
16
EXTC – DJSCOE
Electric Field Of A Line Charge

p Consider infinite line charge along Z-axis
p The given charge configuration is a line
charge,
Q
E= aˆ R
4pe 0 R 2
p Therefore we can not use this formula,
This is applicable to point charge only.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

EXTC – DJSCOE
Electric Field Of A Line Charge cont…

p Create a small charge
dQ on the on the
given charge
configuration.
At(0,0,z)
p The small section is of
length dl=dz.
p Consider the point P,
where we desire
electric field.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
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EXTC – DJSCOE

p The coordinates of dQ
are (0,0,z) in
Cartesian coordinate
system but in
cylindrical coordinate
system they are
(0,Ф,z) because pt. P
is in cylindrical
coordinate system.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

p The electric field at pt.
P due to dQ is-
R = raˆ r - zaˆ z
raˆ - zaˆ z
aˆ R = r
r2 + z2
Thus , the differential electric
field due to dQ is -
dQ æ raˆ r - zaˆ z ö
dE = ç ÷
4pe 0 R 2 çè r 2 + z 2 ÷
ø
r l dz æ raˆ r - zaˆ z ö
dE = 2 ç
ç ÷
÷
4pe 0 (r + z ) è r 2 +DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
2
z 2 øJAYAPRAKASH
VINIT 36
18
p Now consider another
dQ at –z.
dQ æ raˆ r + zaˆ z ö
dE = ç ÷
4pe 0 R 2 çè r 2 + z 2 ÷
ø
r l dz æ raˆ r + zaˆ z ö
dE = ç ÷
4pe 0 (r + z ) è r 2 + z 2 ÷ø
2 2 ç
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

p The resultant Electric
field at pt. P due to dQ
at +z & -z.
p Vertical components r l dz æ raˆ r - zaˆ z ö

cancel each other & dE = ç ÷
4pe 0 (r + z ) è r 2 + z 2 ÷ø
2 2 ç
horizontal components
gates added. r l dz æ raˆ r + zaˆ z ö
+ ç ÷
4pe 0 (r + z ) è r 2 + z 2 ÷ø
2 2 ç
r l dz æ raˆ r ö
dE = ç ÷
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH
4pe 0 (r + z ) è r 2 + z 2 38÷ø
2 2 ç
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
19
p By integrating dE
¥
rl dz æ raˆ r ö
E=
-¥
ò 4pe 2 ç
ç
0 (r + z ) è r + z
2 2 2
÷
÷
ø
¥
r l rdz
E= ò 4pe 3
aˆ r
0 (r + z )
2 2 2
-¥
Put z = r tan t
\ dz = r sec 2 t dt
limits :
z ® -¥, t ® -p/2
z ® ¥, t ® p/2
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

The term
(r 2 + z 2 )
3
2
[
= r 2 + (r tant ) 2 ]
3
2
= [r ] 3
2
(1 + tan 2t ) 2
= r 3 sec3 t
Then the electric field E bocems
p
2
rl r ´ r sec 2 t dt
E= ò
p 4pe 0 (r + r tan t )
2 2 2
3
2
aˆr
-
2
p
2
r l r 2 sec 2 t dt
E= ò 4pe 0 r 3sec3t
aˆ r
-p DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
2
20
p
rl 2
E= aˆ r ò cos t dt
4pe 0 r -p
2
p
rl
E= aˆ r [sin t ]2p
4pe 0 r -
2
rl
E= aˆ r (2)
4pe 0 r
rl
E= aˆ r (v/m)
2pe 0 r
is the unit vector in the direction of

âr
perpendicular towards the desire point.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
8.
p On the line describe X=2 m,
Y= -4 m there is a uniform line
charge distribution is 20 nc/m.
Determine electric field intensity
at (-2,-1,4)m
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
21
8. Solution
R = -4aˆ x + 3aˆ y
- 4aˆ x + 3aˆ y
aˆ R =
5
The electric field intensity
due to infinate line charge is -
rl
E= aˆ r
2pe 0 R
20 ´10 -9 æ - 4aˆ x + 3aˆ y ö
E= çç ÷÷
10-9
´5 è ø
5
2p ´
36p
E = -57.6aˆ x + 43.2aˆ y (v/m)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
9.
p Given three charge distribution in
free space i.e. 0.25 nC/m on the line
x=3,y=2; -0.2 nC/m on the line
z=1,y=3 & a point charge of 0.5 nC
at origin. Find electric field intensity
at point (2,3,4).
pSolution-
p Total electric field at (2,3,4) is the
sum of electric fields due to two line
charges & due to point charge.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
22
To find E due to first line charge
R1 = - aˆ x + aˆ y
- aˆ x + aˆ y
aˆ R1 =
2
r l1
E1 = aˆ R1
2pe 0 R1
0.25 ´10 -9 æ - aˆ x + aˆ y ö
E1 = çç ÷÷
10 -9
´ 2è ø
2
2p ´
36p
E1 = -2.25aˆ x + 2.25aˆ y (v/m)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
To find E due to second line charge

R2 = 3aˆ z & aˆ R 2 = aˆ z
rl 2
E2 = aˆ R 2
2pe 0 R2
- 0.2 ´10 -9
E2 = aˆ z
10 -9
2p ´ ´3
36p
E2 = -1.2aˆ z (v/m)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
23
To find E due to point charge
R3 = 2aˆ x + 3aˆ y + 4aˆ z
2aˆ x + 3aˆ y + 4aˆ z
aˆ R 3 =
29
Q
E3 = aˆ R 3
4pe 0 R32
0.5 ´10 -9 æ 2aˆ x + 3aˆ y + 4aˆ z ö
E3 = çç ÷÷
10 -9 è 29 ø
4p ´ ´ 29
36p
E3 = 0.058aˆ x + 0.086aˆ y + 0.115aˆ z (v/m)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
The total E is-

E = E1 + E2 + E3
E = (- 2.25aˆ x + 2.25aˆ y ) + (- 1.2aˆ z )

+ (0.058aˆ x + 0.086aˆ y + 0.115aˆ z )
E = -2.192aˆ x + 2.336aˆ y - 1.085aˆ z (v/m)

DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
24
10.
pA charge is distributed along
the z-axis from z=+5m to
z=∞ & form z=-5 to z=-∞
with uniform density of 20
nC/m. Find electric field
intensity at (2,0,0)m.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
Solution-
p The continuous charge is from -∞ to +∞
but in problem it is discontinuous between
-5 to +5. So we can’t use the result
derived from infinite line charge.
p Let dQ be the differential charge at (0,0,z)
it is given by-
dQ = r l dl = r l dz
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
25
The electric field due to dQ at (2,0,0) act
along R1
2aˆ x - zaˆ z
R1 = 2aˆ x - zaˆ z & aˆ R1 =
4 + z2
dQ
dE = aˆ R1
4pe 0 R 2
rl dz æ (2aˆ x - zaˆ z ) ö
dE = ç ÷
4pe 0 (4 + z ) è 4 + z 2 ÷ø
2 ç
rl dz
dE = 3
(2aˆ x - zaˆ z )
4pe 0 (4 + z 2 ) 2
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
Integrate dE from Z=5 to Z=∞

¥
r l dz put z = 2tanq & dz = 2sec 2q dq
E1 = ò 3
( 2aˆ x - zaˆ z )
5 4pe 0 ( 4 + z 2 ) 2
limits z = 5;q = 68.2o

20 ´10 -9 dz
¥
z = ¥;q = 90 o
E1 = (2aˆ x - zaˆ z ) ò
10 -9 5 (4 + z )
2
3
4p ´
2
36p
E1 = 0.0719 ´ 180(2aˆ x - zaˆ z )
¥
dz
E1 = 180( 2aˆ x - zaˆ z ) ò
5 (4 + z 2 )
3
2 E1 = 12.942(2aˆ x - zaˆ z )
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
26
Similarly E2 due to line charge spread
form Z=-5 to Z= -∞
E1 = 12.942(2aˆ x + zaˆ z )
\ E = E1 + E2
E = [12.942(2aˆ x - zaˆ z )] + [12.942(2aˆ x + zaˆ z )]
E = ( 25.884)aˆ x (v/m)
VINIT JAYAPRAKASH
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
53
Electric field of sheet charge
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
27
Electric field of sheet charge
p Consider infinite
sheet with
charge density
ρs (c/m2) be in
x-y plane.
p (0,Ф,z) is point
on z-axis where
we desire to find
the electric field.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
Electric field of sheet charge cont…

p The given charge is a
sheet charge not a
point charge therefore
create a small charge.
dQ=ρsds
R = - raˆ r + zaˆ z
- raˆ r + zaˆ z
aˆ r =
r2 + z2 VINIT JAYAPRAKASH
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
56
28
The electric field due to dQ is -
dQ
dE = aˆ r
4pe 0 R 2
where dQ = r s dS & ds = rdrdf

\ dQ = r s rdrdf
r s rdrdf æ - raˆ r + zaˆ z ö

\ dE = ç ÷
4pe 0 (r 2 + z 2 ) çè r 2 + z 2 ÷ø
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

p The electric field
intensity due to thes
two charges when
added, the horizontal
component of dE gets
canceled & vertical
component remain.
p The total electric field
intensity is obtained
by integrating dE with
only vertical
component.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
29
r s rdSdrdf
E = òò 3
( zaˆ z )
4pe 0 ( r 2 + z 2 ) 2
¥ 2p
rs rdr
E= ( zaˆ z ) ò 3 ò
df
4pe 0 0 (r + z )
2 2 2
0
put (r 2 + z 2 ) = t
\ 2rdr = dt
rdr = dt / 2
limits -
r ® 0; t ® z 2
r ® ¥; t ® ¥
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE

¥ 2p
rs dt / 2
E= ( zaˆ z ) ò 3 ò df
4pe 0 z 2 (t )
2
0
¥
r é t - 12 ù
E = s ( zaˆ z )(1 / 2) ê ú [f ]02p
4pe 0 ê- 1 ú 2
ë 2 ûz
rs é ù
( zaˆ z ) ê ú[2p ]
1
E=
4pe 0 ëzû
rs
E= (aˆ z )
2e 0
r
E = s (aˆn ) (v/m)
2e 0
The electric field is normal to
the plane of charge sheet
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
30
11. (Dec.2000)
p A sheet of charge 2 nC/m2 is present at

x=3 in free space and a line charge
20nC/m is located at x=1,z=4 find,
1. The magnitude of electric field intensity
at origin.
2. The direction of E at (4,5,6)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
Solution-
1. To find magnitude of electric field
intensity at origin. Due to line charge-
(1, 0, 4) Line charge =

20 nC/m
R1
y
(0, 0, 0)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
31
- aˆ x - 4aˆ z
R1 = -aˆ x - 4aˆ z & aˆ R1 =
17
rl
El = aˆ R1
2pe 0 R1
20 ´10-9 æ - aˆ x - 4aˆ z ö
El = ç ÷
10 -9
17 è ø
17
2p ´
36p
E l = 21.18(-aˆ x - 4aˆ z ) (v/m)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
The electric field intensity due to sheet

charge-
rs
Es = aˆ n
2e 0
Since the origin is at the negative side of x = 3 plane
aˆn = - aˆ x
2 ´ 10 -9
\ Es = (-aˆ x ) = -113.01(aˆ x ) (v/m)
10 -9
2´
36p (1, 0, 4) Line charge
= 20 nC/m
R1
1
y
(0, 0, 0)
X=3
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
x
32
Total electric field at origin is-
E = El + Es
E = [- 113.01(aˆ x )] + [21.18(- aˆ x - 4aˆ z )]
E = -134.28aˆ x - 84.72aˆ z (v/m)
E = 158.77 (v/m)
(1, 0, 4) Line charge
= 20 nC/m
R1
1
y
(0, 0, 0)
X=3
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
x
ii.To find electric field intensity at(4,5,6)

due to line charge
To find E at (4,5,6) P(4,5,6)
R 2 = 3aˆ x + 2aˆ z R2
3aˆ + 2aˆ z
aˆ R 2 = x an
13
rl
El = aˆ R 2 (3,5,6)
2pe 0 R2
X=3
20 ´ 10 -9 æ 3aˆ x + 2aˆ z ö
El = ç ÷
10 -9 è 13 ø
2p ´ 13
36p
El = 27.692(3aˆ x + 2aˆ z ) VINIT JAYAPRAKASH 66
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
33
To find electric field intensity at(4,5,6)
due to sheet charge
rs
Es = aˆ n P(4,5,6)
2e 0 R2
an
-9
2 ´ 10
Es = -9
(aˆ x )
10 (3,5,6)
2´
36p X=3
Es = 113.097(aˆ x ) (v/m)
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
The total electric field intensity is-

E = El + Es
E = 196.174aˆ x + 55.384aˆ z (v/m)
The direction of E at (4,5,6) is -
196.174aˆ x + 55.384aˆ z
aˆ E =
(196.174) 2 + (55.384) 2
aˆ E = 0.962aˆ x + 0.272aˆ z
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
(v/m)
34
12.
pCharge of uniform density
0.3nC/m2 covers the plane
2x-3y+z=6m. Find electric
field intensity on the side of
the plane containing origin.
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
Solnution-
p The intersection of
plane2x-3y+z=6 to x,
y & z axis
p Put y=z=0, then x=3
p Put x=z=0, then y=-2
p Put x=y=0, then z=6
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
35
The normal to the plane are-
Since the configuration is a uniform sheet,
rs
E= aˆ n = (17.0)aˆ n (v/m)
2e 0
The unit normal vector for plane Ax + By + Cz = D
Aâ x + Bâ y + Câ z
aˆ n = ±
A2 + B 2 + C 2
Therefore, unit normal vectors for this plane are -
2â x - 3â y + â z
â n = ±
14
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
From the figure it is evidant that

unit vector on the side of the plane
containing the origin is produced
by the negative sign.
æ - 2â x + 3â y - â z ö
E = (17.0) çç ÷÷ (v/m)
è 14 ø
DONGRE/EXTC/DJSCOE
36

A Coulombs Law & Electric Field Intensity

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A Coulombs Law & Electric Field Intensity

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Chapter 1

coulombs law &electric

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

n The force between two very small objects

Coulomb’s law cont…

ε 0 = permittivity of free space

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

Coulomb’s law in vector form

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

R12 = (2 - 1)aˆ x + (0 - 2)aˆ y + (5 - 3)aˆ z

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

R21 = -2aˆ x + 2aˆ y - aˆ z

300 ´ 10 -6 ´ Q2 - 2aˆ x + 2aˆ y - aˆ z

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

F25 = 0.144(4aˆ y + 3aˆ z ) (N)

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

Force on Q 5 due to Q1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4is -

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

Electric Field Intensity

Electric Field Intensity cont...

p The function of Q1 and the directed line segment

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

Unit of electric field intensity

p Find the electric field intensity at

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

The vector joining charge Q at origin

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

The Electric field intensity due to charge

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

rl = Total charge sprade

Total charge sprade

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

Charge filled in the volume

Electric Field Of A Line Charge

VINIT JAYAPRAKASH DONGRE

Electric Field Of A Line Charge cont…

Electric Field Of A Line Charge cont…

Electric Field Of A Line Charge cont…

Electric Field Of A Line Charge cont…

p Vertical components r l dz æ raˆ r - zaˆ z ö

Electric Field Of A Line Charge cont…

is the unit vector in the direction of

To find E due to second line charge

The total E is-

E = (- 2.25aˆ x + 2.25aˆ y ) + (- 1.2aˆ z )

E = -2.192aˆ x + 2.336aˆ y - 1.085aˆ z (v/m)

Integrate dE from Z=5 to Z=∞

limits z = 5;q = 68.2o

E = [12.942(2aˆ x - zaˆ z )] + [12.942(2aˆ x + zaˆ z )]

Electric field of sheet charge

Electric field of sheet charge cont…

where dQ = r s dS & ds = rdrdf

r s rdrdf æ - raˆ r + zaˆ z ö

Electric field of sheet charge cont…

Electric field of sheet charge cont…

p A sheet of charge 2 nC/m2 is present at

(1, 0, 4) Line charge =