NEMATODES

MODE OF
SCIENTFIC NAME COMMON NAME EGG SHAPE INFECTIVE STAGE DISEASE TREATMENT
TRANSMISSION
Ascaris Giant intestinal Round w/
Ingestion Embryonated egg Appendicitis Albendazole
lumbricoides round worm spiral
N. americanus &
Hookwork Spherical Ingestion Filariform Bronchitis Albendazole
A. duodenale
Baseball-
Trichuris trichura Whipworm ingestion Embryonated egg Diarrhea Mebendazole
shaped
Enterobius
Pinworm D-shaped Embryonated egg Vaginitis Pyrantel pamoate
vermicularis
Capillaria Peanut-
Infective larvae Ulceration Albendazole
philippinensis shaped

BLOOD & TISSUE NEMATODES

Wuchureria bancrofti Bruglia malayi Disease Treatment Infective Stage

Unstained pink
Regularly spaced Irregularly spaced
Diethylcarbanazine
Doesn’t reach tail Reaches tail Pulmonary eosinophilia 3rd stage larvae or L3
citrate
Smoothly curved Kinky
Vector: anopheles Vector: mansonia

2. Trichenella spiralis

Disease: trichinosis

Mode of transmission: ingestion of meat

*Egg is within the muscle; intermediate hosts are pig

 TREMATODES (FLUKES)
INTERMEDIATE MODE OF
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INFECTIVE STAGE TREATMENT DISEASE
HOST TRANSMISSION
Schistosoma Worms ingest red
Blood fluke Cercariae Snail Skin penetration praziquantel
japonicum blood cell
Paragonimus Hemoptysis;
Lung fluke Metacercariae Snail & crab Ingestion of crab praziquantel
westermani dyspnea
Snail & aquatic Traumatic;
Fasciolopsis buski Intestinal fluke Metacercariae Ingestion praziquantel
plants obstructive; toxic
Ingestion of Bithionol /
Fasciola hepatica Liver fluke Metacercariae Snail & kangkong hypereosinophilia
water plants praziquantel
Snail & majority of Hepatits;
Clonorchis sinensis Oriental liver fluke Metacercariae Ingestion if fish
fish choleycystitis

CESTODES (TAPEWORMS)

SCIENTIFIC COMMON INFECTIVE INTERMIDIATE MODE OF

TREATMENT DISEASE HABITAT
NAME NAME STAGE HOST TRANSMISSION
Beef Ingestion of under Niclosamide /
Taenia saginata Cysticercus Cows cysticercosis Upper jejunum
tapeworm cooked meat praziquantel
Ingestion of raw Niclosamide / Upper small
Taenia solium Cysticercus Pig / Human taeniasis
pork praziquantel intestine
Upper small
Taenia solium Cysticercus Human Autoinfection praziquantel cysticercosis
intestine
Diphyllobothriu Fish Plerocercoid Ingestion of Pernicious
Crustacean fish praziquantel intestine
m latum tapeworm larvae undercooked fish anemia
Echinococcus Embryonated Hunters close
dogs albendazole Hepatic cyst
granulosus egg contact w/ dogs