GPRS/UMTS

IAB Workshop
February 29 - March 2, 2000
Jonne Soininen
Nokia

1 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Outline
• Introduction to 3GPP
• GPRS/UMTS Architecture
• GPRS/UMTS Introduction
• GPRS Architecture
• UMTS Packet Architecture
GPRS/UMTS Protocols
•

• Combined GSM and M-IP mobility handling in UMTS IP CN

• Introduction
• Step 1
• Step 2
• Step 3

• Overview to UMTS Release 2000 All-IP Option

2 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Introduction to 3GPP
(1/5)
• Participation
• Organizational Partners
• ARIB
• CWTS
• ETSI
• T1
• TTA
• TTC
• Market Representation Partners
• Global Mobile Suppliers Association - GSA
• GSM Association
• UMTS Forum
• Universal Wireless Communications Consortium (UWCC)
• IPv6 Forum
• Individual Members
• Companies
• Observers, Guests

3 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Introduction to 3GPP
(2/5)

4 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Introduction to 3GPP
(3/5)
• TSG CN (Core Network)
• WG1 (MM/CC/SM) (Iu)
• WG2 (MAP/GTP/CAMEL)
• WG3 (Interworking with external networks)
• TSG RAN
• WG1 (Radio Layer 1)
• WG2 (Radio Layer 2 and Radio Layer 3 RR)
• WG3 (Iub, Iur, Iu, UTRAN O&M requirements)
• WG4 (R. performance, protocol aspects)
• AHG1 (Ad-hoc group on ITU (internal) co-ordination)
• TSG SA
• WG1 (Services)
• WG2 (Architecture)
• WG3 (Security)
• WG4 (Codec)
• WG5 (Telecom Management)

5 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Introduction to 3GPP
(4/5)
• TSG T
• WG1 (Mobile Terminal Conformance testing)
• WG2 (Terminal Services & Capabilities)
• WG3 (USIM)

6 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Introduction to 3GPP
(5/5)
• Technical Work Done in WGs
• Meetings
• As Necessary
• Decision through Consensus or Voting
• Most of the Work Done in Meetings

• Deliverables
• Technical Reports/Technical Specifications
• Approval by Consensus or Vote
• Change Control When Sufficiently Stable

• Inter-WG Coordination
• In TSGs
• Information Exchange through Liaison Statements

• Standards
• Releases

7 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 GPRS/UMTS Architecture

8 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 GPRS/UMTS Release 99 Architecture
SMS-GMSC
SMS-IWMSC SM-SC

E C
Gd

MSC/VLR HLR
D
Gs
A Iu Gc
Gr
R Uu Iu Gi
TE MT UTRAN SGSN GGSN PDN TE
Gn
Ga
Gb Ga
TE MT BSS Gp
Gn Billing
R Um CGF System
GGSN
SGSN Gf EIR
Other PLMN

Signalling Interface
Signalling and Data Transfer Interface

9 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 GSM Architecture / GSM Radio
BTS Packet
BSC
Um network
PSTN
A

MSC
HLR/AuC SMS-GMSC
Gb Gs Gr Gd
Gr Gd
Serving GPRS Packet Corporate 1
Support Node Gs SS7
network
(SGSN) Gn Network Server
EIR
GPRS
Border
Intra-PLMN INFRASTRUCTURE MAP-F
Gateway (BG)
Packet
Inter-PLMN backbone Gc
network network Router
Backbone Local
network Gp (IP based) Firewall area
Data
Packet network
Firewall network
network
Gn
(Internet)
Gi.IP
Gateway GPRS Corporate 2
Support Node Server
(GGSN)

Router
Local
area
network

10 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 UMTS Architecture / WCDMA
Node B Packet
RNC
Uu network
PSTN
Iu

MSC
HLR/AuC SMS-GMSC
Iu Gs Gr Gd
Gr Gd
Serving GPRS Packet Corporate 1
Support Node Gs SS7
network
(SGSN) Gn Network Server
EIR
GPRS
Border
Intra-PLMN INFRASTRUCTURE MAP-F
Gateway (BG)
Packet
Inter-PLMN backbone Gc
network network Router
Backbone Local
network Gp (IP based) Firewall area
Data
Packet network
Firewall network
network
Gn
(Internet)
Gi.IP
Gateway GPRS Corporate 2
Support Node Server
(GGSN)

Router
Local
area
network

11 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 The R99 Architecture
A
Node B Packet
BTS BSC RNC
network
PSTN
Iu
Um
MSC
Gb HLR/AuC SMS-GMSC
Iu Gs Gr
Uu Gd
Gr Gd
Serving GPRS Packet Corporate 1
Support Node Gs SS7
network
(SGSN) Gn Network Server
EIR
GPRS
Intra-PLMN INFRASTRUCTURE MAP-F
backbone Gc
network Router
Local
(IP based) Firewall area
Border Data
Packet network
Gateway (BG) network
network
Gn
(Internet)
Gi.IP
Gateway GPRS Corporate 2
Support Node Server
(GGSN)
Gp Firewall

Packet
Inter-PLMN Router
Local
network
Backbone area
network network

12 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Entities
• The Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
• Mobility Management
• Authentication
• Gathers Charging Information

• Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)

• Gateway between UMTS Core Network and external networks
• Address allocation for MS
• Gathers Charging Information
• Filtering

• Base Station Subsystem (BSS) / Radio Network Subsystem (RNS)

• BSS
• BSC
• BTS
• RNS
• RNC
• Node-B
13 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen
 PDP Context
• Packet Data Protocol (PDP) Context
• Session
• Logical Tunnel between MS and GGSN
• Anchored GGSN for Session
• Multiple PDP Contexts
• Per Mobile
• Per PDP Address
• PDP Context Activities
• Activation
• Modification
• Deactivation

14 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 R99 Interfaces and Protocols
Routing Example
BTS BSC BSC BTS
case 2

case 1 case 3

SGSN Packet
Inter-operator SGSN
IP
ROUTER
network
backbone IP
network ROUTER

GPRS GPRS
backbone HOME GPRS backbone
VISITED
network NETWORK network
GPRS
(IP based) (IP based)
NETWORK

GGSN GGSN
Data
Packet
network
network
(Internet)
Corporate
Server

Router
Local
area
network

15 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 GPRS Network from the Internet
HO S T
1 5 5 .2 2 2 .3 3 .5 5
G P RS
S UB NETW O RK

S UB NETW O R K
1 5 5 .2 2 2 .3 3 .X X X

" R o u te r"

S UB NETW O RK S UB NETW O RK
1 9 1 .2 0 0 .4 4 .X X X 1 3 1 .4 4 .1 5 .X X X

P acket C o rp o r a te 2
C o r p o r a te 1
nDn eea tttwa wo r ok r k R o u te r
R o u te r
( In t e r n e t )

Lo cal Lo cal
HOS T a re a a re a HO S T
1 9 1 .2 0 0 .4 4 .2 1 n e tw o rk n e tw o rk 1 3 1 .4 4 .1 5 .3

16 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 R99 Interfaces and Protocols
GSM User Plane

Application
IP, etc. IP, etc.
Relay
SNDCP SNDCP GTP-U GTP-U

LLC LLC
UDP UDP
Relay
RLC RLC BSSGP BSSGP
IP IP
MAC MAC Network Network L2 L2
Service Service
GSM RF GSM RF L1bis L1bis L1 L1
Um Gb Gn Gi
MS BSS SGSN GGSN

17 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 R99 Interfaces and Protocols
UMTS User Plane
Application

E.g., IP, E.g., IP,

PPP, PPP,
OSP OSP
Relay Relay

PDCP PDCP GTP-U GTP-U GTP-U GTP-U

RLC RLC UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP

MAC MAC AAL5 AAL5 L2 L2
L1 L1 ATM ATM L1 L1
Uu Iu-PS Gn Gi
MS UTRAN 3G-SGSN 3G-GGSN

18 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Mobile IP in UMTS
3GPP TSG-SA WG2 Mobile IP Ad Hoc

19 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Mobile IP in UMTS
A Staged Approach
• Step 1: Offering Mobile IP service
• UMTS Release 99

• Step 2: Intermediate GPRS-Mobile IP system

• Step 3: Using Mobile IP for Intra System Mobility

20 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 1

UTRAN
HA
RNS Gp SGSN
IP network
CN
GGSN
FA
SGSN BG
Iur HA
MAP GGSN HA
RNS PLMN
HLR backbone
etc. R filter Internet

GGSN
SGSN FA
RNS
FA
UTRAN Iu
BG Border Gateway
R Router
HA Home Agent
FA Foreign Agent

21 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 1 (Cont.)
• Changes
• FA functions at GGSN
• Mobile IP in the mobile if needed

• Does not change

• GSM MAP, VLR and HLR
• Network architecture
• No changes to the MS

22 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Mobile IP in UMTS
Step2

UTRAN
Gp HA

RNS BG
SGSN
GGSN
FA
IP network
Iur SGSN GGSN HA
R
MAP FA HA

PLMN backb.
RNS Gi IP
HLR
etc. R R filter Internet

SGSN
RNS GGSN FA R

UTRAN Iu
BG Border Gateway
R Router
HA Home Agent
FA Foreign Agent

23 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 2 (cont.)
• Changes to Step 1
• GGSN/FA can be changed during a session if more suitable
available
• Applicability
• Maybe in Release 2000

24 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 3

UTRAN
UTRAN

HA

RNS IGSN
CN
FA
FA BG

IGSN R
Iur HA
HA
MAP
IP
RNS

HLR
etc. R FW Internet
R

RNS IGSN FA R

CN
Iu

25 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 3 (the reality)
UTRAN
UTRAN

HA

RNS IGSN
BG CN FA
FA BG
IGSN R
Iur HA
HA
MAP
IP
RNS

HLR Gn Lite

etc. R FW Internet
R

RNS IGSN FA R

CN
Iu

26 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Mobile IP in UMTS
Step 3 (Cont.)
• Changed from Step 1 & Step 2
• GTP only on control plane (almost)
• No SGSN + GGSN -> IGSN
• Mobile IP based Macro Mobility Management
• MS has to be changed to support Mobile IP

• Problems
• Interworking with pre-Step 3 networks
• Support for non-M-IP mobiles
• etc.

• Applicability
• Not defined

27 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Release 2000 All-IP Architecture

28 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 Release 2000 Architecture
• Includes All-IP Architecture Option
• GPRS as basis
• Includes GPRS Core Network
• Home Subscriber Server (HSS) instead of HLR

• New Entities - Voice over IP infrastructure

• Call State Control Function (CSCF)
• Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF)
• Media Gateway Function (MGW)
• etc.

• New Interfaces
• New Protocols

29 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 R00 All-IP Reference Architecture

Alternative Legacy mobile

Applications & signaling
Access Services *) Network
Network
SCP Multimedia
CSCF IP Networks
R-SGW
Mh Mw
SGSN Ms
GGSN CAP Mm
Gn HSS *) Cx
Other PLMN CSCF
Gr Mg
Gp Gi Mr Gi
EIR
MRF
TE MT ERAN Gf MGCF T-SGW *)
Gc Gi
R Um Iu-ps'
SGSN GGSN Mc
Iu Gi
Gn
1
Iu PSTN/
TE MT UTRAN MGW
MGW Legacy/External
R Uu 2
Nb
Iu Mc Mc
1
Iu =Iucs (RTP, AAL2)
Nc
Iu 2 = Iu(RANAP) MSC server GMSC server T-SGW *)

MAP
MAP Mh
Applications
& Services *) HSS *) R-SGW *)

*) those elements are duplicated for figure

Signalling Interface layout purpose only, they belong to the same
Signalling and Data Transfer Interface logical element in the reference model
30 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen
 All-IP System Level Architecture
Application
servers
Service
SCP capability
HSS CAP OSA servers
Gr+ WIN
MAP+
Iu-PS

3G RAN SGSN
GGSN IPv6 TSGW PSTN
ISUP
RAS
All-IP Core MGW

RSGW
Legacy
WLAN, DSL, Cellular
cable... MAP
SIP IS-41
H.248 FW
CSCF
MGCF
MRF
Internet

CSCF Call State Control Function MRF Multimedia Resource Function

HSS Home Subscriber Server RAS Remote Access Server (DSLAM, head end…)
MGCF Media Gateway Control Function RSGW Roaming Signaling Gateway
MGW Media Gateway TSGW Transport Signaling Gate

31 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 R00 All-IP Reference Architecture
Service Layer
OSA, VHE,
SCP
etc.

CSCF Application Layer

Legacy Mobile
Signaling RSGW
Networks
CSCF
External IP
MGCF Networks
HSS

MRF
TSGW

MGW
Transport GGSN PSTN/
SGSN
Layer External CS
Networks
RAS
WLAN, DSL, Cable, etc.

32 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen

 R00 New Protocols (?)
• Protocol between CSCF and Mobile or IP Phone:
• H.323 or SIP
• CSCF-MRF: Mr
• H.248/Megaco
• CSCF-MGW: Mc
• H.248/Megaco
• CSCF-HSS:Cx
• IP based Interface
• CSCF-CSCF: Mw
• Bear Independent Control Protocol (BICC) or SIP?
• CSCF-Legacy Mobile Network: Ms
• IP based signaling - The same as Mw
• CSCF-Applications/Services:
• Difference: Camel over IP (Sigtran)

• Real-time IP transport:
• RTP/UDP/IP
33 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen
 Thank You!

Jonne Soininen
Jonne.Soininen@Nokia.Com

34 © NOKIA Cellular_Jso.PPT/ 29.2.2000 / Jonne Soininen