Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A CENTURY
OF
DEVELOPMENT
AND
PROGRESS
III-I (DIAMOND)
1
SCHOOL YEAR 2009-2010
G.L.G.M.N.H.S.
GLGMNHS SY 09-10
AUTHOR’S CONSENT.
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................11
UNIT I THE PHYSICAL FEATURES OF RODRIGUEZ...............................15
GEOGRAPHY OF RODRIGUEZ...............................................................16
Geographical Location...............................................................................16
Topography.................................................................................................18
Soil................................................................................................................20
Dystropept-Tropudalf-Tropudult Association....................................20
Tropudalf-Eutropept Association........................................................20
Land Use.......................................................................................................22
Natural Drainage.........................................................................................23
Geology.........................................................................................................23
Erosion Potential........................................................................................24
3
CLIMATE OF RODRIGUEZ......................................................................25
Rainfall...............................................................................................25
Temperature......................................................................................26
MAPS OF
RODRIGUEZ.............................................................................28
References...............................................................................................................33
Researchers.............................................................................................................33
Size...............................................................................................................35
Age-Sex Structure.......................................................................................38
Age Distribution..........................................................................................39
Labor Force................................................................................................40
In-Migration, Out-Migration....................................................................40
Language......................................................................................................41
Civil Status...................................................................................................42
Household Size.............................................................................................42
Demographics..............................................................................................45
4
Way of Living..............................................................................................45
Culture..........................................................................................................46
Medicine.......................................................................................................46
Clothing........................................................................................................47
Practices.......................................................................................................47
Art.................................................................................................................47
Music............................................................................................................48
Economy......................................................................................................48
Politics..........................................................................................................48
Religion.........................................................................................................49
Culture.........................................................................................................51
History.........................................................................................................52
Area..............................................................................................................53
History..........................................................................................................53
Minuro it Akean..................................................................................53
Spanish Era.........................................................................................54
Immigrating to Rodriguez...................................................................55
Languages..............................................................,....................................55
Culture..........................................................................................................56
5
Religion.........................................................................................................56
References...............................................................................................................62
Researchers.............................................................................................................62
References...............................................................................................................80
Researchers.............................................................................................................80
Eulogio A. Rodriguez...................................................................................93
Eusebio C. Manuel.......................................................................................95
6
Gregorio D. Bautista....................................................................................96
Jose A. Rodriguez.........................................................................................97
Francisco D. Rodriguez.............................................................................100
Gavino Cruz................................................................................................102
Catalino C. Bautista...................................................................................103
Macario Bautista........................................................................................104
Benigno B. Liamzon...................................................................................105
Teodoro D. Rodriguez................................................................................108
Pablo N. Adriano........................................................................................110
Amado Angeles...........................................................................................111
Angelito C. Manuel....................................................................................112
Ernesto H. Villanueva................................................................................113
Pedro S. Cuerpo..........................................................................................115
Jonas J. Cruz..............................................................................................117
References.............................................................................................................118
Researchers...........................................................................................................119
7
UNIT V CHANGES AND DEVELOPMENT IN RODRIGUEZ DSAS
TODAY..................................................................................120
LIVELIHOOD ...........................................................................................121
Dream House.............................................................................................123
Rest in Peace..............................................................................................124
HEALTH....................................................................................................126
HOUSING..................................................................................................127
History........................................................................................................127
The HPDO..................................................................................................128
Seven Schemes...........................................................................................129
EDUCATION ...........................................................................................130
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ECONOMY................................................................................................134
Agriculture.................................................................................................134
Fisheries......................................................................................................134
Manufacturing...........................................................................................134
Mining........................................................................................................135
INFRASTRACTURE ...............................................................................137
Transportation...........................................................................................137
Communication.........................................................................................137
Power Supply.............................................................................................137
Water Supply.............................................................................................138
Waste Disposal...........................................................................................138
TOURISM..................................................................................................139
Road Construction....................................................................................141
Pamitinan Cave.........................................................................................143
Avilon Zoo..................................................................................................144
Puray Falls.................................................................................................146
Researchers...........................................................................................................150
10
INTRODUCTION:
BASIC
INFORMATION
ABOUT
RODRIGUEZ
11
BASIC INFORMATION ABOUT
RODRIGUEZ
Province Rizal
Founded 1909
Neighbors
12
- North San Jose Del Monte City and Norzagaray, Bulacan
-Rate 9.58 %
Barangays 11
Barangays Facts
13
-Manggahan Bulubok
-San Jose Calipahan, Tumana, Communales
-San Isidro Bulak
-San Rafael Ilaya
-Rosario Halo-Halo
-Balite Poblacion
-Established the town of Montalban and its four (4) barrios namely Balite, Burgos,
Calipahan, and Maran
- Montalvan forms part of Rizal Province and stated on the said act was granting
the changing of letter V to B of Montalban.
PROVISION NO. 36 (May 12, 1908) and ORDER NO. 20 (February 29, 1908)
-Montalban was officially declared an independent town with six (6) barrios under
its jurisdiction namely Burgos, San Jose, San Rafael, San Geronimo, Balite and
Manggahan.
-Made the Wawa Gorge as the official seal of Montalban and requesting Congress
to change the name of Montalban to Rodriguez in honor of Eulogio Rodriguez Sr
14
UNIT I
PHYSICAL
FEATURES
OF
RODRIGUEZ
15
THE GEOGRAPHY OF
RODRIGUEZ
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION
16
Table 1.1 Land Area of Rodriguez by Barangay
17
TOPOGRAPHY
Mostly occurring on the western side of the municipality, these areas have
slopes ranging from 0-18 percent. Level to very gently sloping regions which
incline to 0-3 percent comprise only about 5.84 percent of the landscape. Gently
sloping to undulating slopes of 3-8 percent comprise 4.66 percent; while
moderately sloping to rolling lands(8-18 percent slope) correspond to 14.20
percent. Altogether, these slopes actually comprise northern part of the Marikina
River Valley and are drained by the Wawa River, Marikina River, Burgos River
and other small streams. Rising from the northeast, these natural drainage systems
generally flow towards the southwest.
18
It is an increasing trend towards the northeast. On the eastern lowlands,
elevations range from 10 to 30 meters. However, on the east it reaches over 1,000
meters
Mountains Height
Mt. Irid 1,469 meters
Mt. Macatohol 1,369 meters
Mt. Palagyo 1,251 meters
Mt. Matulid 1,074 meters
Mt. Maymasibi 938 meters
Mt. Danes 918 meters
Mt. Minalunad 628 meters
Mt. Parawagan 475 meters
Other Mountain
Mt. Cacanado
Mt. Cabuan
Mt. Cayadlas
Mt. Batabas
Mt. Haronang Banoy
Mt. Oro
Mt. Ayaas MT. PARAWAGAN
SOIL
19
Based on the morphological approach in soil classification, the soils of
Rodriguez may be classified into the following soil mapping units.
Dystropept-Tropudalf-Tropudult Association
Dystropept-Troportent Association
This one is also extensive and lies on slopes of over 45 percent and
elevations of 500 to 1,300 meters, close to the eastern boundary of the town within
the Marikina watershed. It is slightly eroded and is derived from volcanic
mountains with sharp crests. With their shallow depth and low fertility, they are
better used for fruit tree growing and silviculture. This association occupies 31.59
percent of the town extent.
Tropudalf-Eutropept Association
Novaliches Clay
20
This soil series occurs in two phases in Rodriguez, i.e., one with a slope
range of 5 to 8 percent in Barangay San Jose and the other with the slope range of
8-15 percent in Barangay Macabud. The former lies on undulating to rolling
slightly to moderately dissected tuffaceous plain while the latter is formed on
undulating to rolling low tuffaceous plateau. Both soil phases are slightly eroded
and have a solum depth of 50 to 100 cm. and a clay-silt fraction of over 80 percent.
This means that these are good soils for agriculture with their sufficient depth and
nutrient (organic and inorganic) content. Residual/volcanic foot slopes. The 5-8
percent phase of Novaliches clay makes up 6.97 percent of Rodriguez area while
8-15 percent phase constitutes 2.69 percent.
Burgos clay
This soil series can be found on 2 to 5 percent slopes in Bgys. Burgos and
San Rafael where the town centers also lies. Compared to Novaliches clay, this
series has a shallower solum depth of less than 50 cm. and a lower clay-silt fraction
of 60 to 80 percent. The parent material is collu-alluvium and this series is found
on alluvial intermountain river terraces. This soil series constitutes 3.4 percent of
the town area.
Lumbangan clay
21
Soil Type % Share Area (sq km)
Novaliches Clay 9.66 35.07
Burgos Clay 3.4 12.34
Lumbangan Clay 20.14 73.12
Dystropept-Tropudalf-Tropudult Ass't 26.14 94.91
Dystropept-Troporthent Ass't 31.59 114.70
Tropudalf-Eutropept Ass't 6.9 25.05
Escarpment 1.69 6.14
Limestone Rockland 0.47 1.71
Total 99.99 363.04
LAND USE
NATURAL DRAINAGE
Montalban River
Mango River
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Maly River
Puray River (AT THE UPPER RIGHT)
Tanag River
Wawa River (AT THE LOWER RIGHT)
Lucutan River
Anginan Creek
Laan Creek
Macaborabod Creek
Macalcoy Creek
Bulubok Creek
Lilid Creek
GEOLOGY
Kinabuan Formation
-mostly volcanic basalt and it is located in the northern portion of the town
Angat Formation
-mostly composed of well-bedded to massive limestone and trending from
f north to south
Madlum Formation
- are scattered all along with Angat Formation
- composed of the following:
1. Upper Member (Beunacop
Limestone)
2. Middle Member (Alagao
Volcanics)
3. Lower Member
Guadalupe Formation
-more recent formation scattered in the middle
of the town
Marikina Valley Fault System Formation
23
-prominent geological feature of Montalban
-composed of the following:
1. East Marikina Valley Fault Formation
- an eight kilometer fault line, far north as Brgy San Rafael,
north of Wawa River, Gloria Vista Subd., eastern San Mateo,
northwest Antipolo until down south
2. West Marikina Valley Fault Formation
- a twenty-three kilometers fault line, from lower Brgy Macabud
in the north down to the proximity of Ultra Sport Complex in
Pasig City
EROSION POTENTIAL
CLIMATE OF RODRIGUEZ
24
The municipality of Rodriguez experiences a tropical rainy climate with hot
summers. Based on the classification system published by the PAGASA, its
climate belongs to Type 1. This is characterized by two pronounced seasons,
which are dry from December to May, and wet from June to November.
Rainfall
The rainfall regime in the area is dominated by the monsoons which render a
seasonal variation in precipitation. It receives sufficiently abundant rainfall
annually with total annual levels amounting to 2,406.2 millimeters. In addition.
There are 151 rainy days on the average, which means that more than 40 percent of
the tear it experiences rainfall.
However, there is a distinct though short dry season from December to April
which receives less than 60 mm of precipitation. This is compensated nonetheless
by heavy rains in other months. In fact, seasonally
excessively moist and brief dry conditions are characteristic of the monsoon
circulations.
Temperature
Nonetheless, the hottest times occur before the summer solstice or prior to
the onset of the summer monsoon, particularly during the months of April and
May, Obviously, the warmest months are on the high-sun period when there a high
receipt of insulations (incoming solar radiation). These months, generally from
May to September, have high relative humidity (moisture content of the
atmosphere) because maximum evaporation is favored by the prevailing
temperature conditions. Hence, there is abundant moisture available for
precipitation, which also explains the wet conditions during this season.
During April and May, the temperature somewhat diminishes. This is because
of the heavy cloud cover associated with the wet southwest monsoon period, which
keeps away some insulation. Hence, the resulting temperatures are slightly lower in
summer than the immediately preceding months. Nonetheless, these months are
still relatively warm compared to the rest of the year.
Prevailing Wind
26
The prevailing wind that occurs more frequently is the northeasterlies
because of the influence of the northeast monsoon. On the other hand, the winds
are not quite strong. The annual average wind speed is only 2 meters per second.
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REFERENCES:
32
www.google.com
RESEARCHES:
KENJI USON
MELVIN BAUTO
RAYMOND ALEJANDRO
JOMAR BIAG
ALFRED BERGANIO
CHRISTIAN BERGANTIN
JESIREE DE VERA
BARBARA CLOMA
CAMILLE BADRINA
PHOEBECATE BUENA
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UNIT II
THE
PEOPLE
OF
RODRIGUEZ
34
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION &
STRUCTURE OF RODRIGUEZ
SIZE
According to 2007 census, Rodriguez has a population of 223,574 with 52,
474 household. Annual growth rate is 9.58%. The population of Rodriguez in 1903
was 3,440 and after 107 years, it grew up to 223,574.
TABLE 2.1
35
The Poblacion (Balite) has a population of 8,827 while the remaining
Barangays have a population of 214,747 with Barangay San Jose as the most
populous (93,567). The least populous is Barangay Puray with 2,937 inhabitants.
Considered urbanizing, therefore, Balite, Burgos, Geronimo, Manggahan, Rosario,
San Isidro, San Jose and San Rafael are urban barangays whereas Macabud,
Mascap, and Puray are mainly rural barangays.
TABLE 2.2
36
TABLE 2.3
AGE-SEX STRUCTURE
According to sexes, their absolute numbers are more or less comparable-
50.61 % or 113,152 are male and 49.38 % or 110,391 are females. The 51.92 % or
48,478 of minor age group (0-17) are male while 48.08 % or 44,940 are female.
The 49.68% or 64,614 of legal age group (18-above) are male and 50.32 % or
65,451 are female.
37
TABLE 2.4
AGE DISRIBUTION
Majority of the municipality’s population belongs to the labor age group
(15-64 years old) which is 61.42 % or 137,310 of the total. Those below 15 years
old (child and youth group) accounted for 35.93 % or 80,326 of the total. The older
inhabitants or that belonging to 65 years old and over is 2.66 % or 5,938.
38
TABLE 2.5
LABOR FORCE
The labor age group (15-64 years old) compromises 61.42 % or 137,310 of
the total. About 50.4 % of the total working population was engaged in commerce
and services; 33.8 % derived their income from industries such as mining and
quarrying, manufacturing, construction, etc. and 15.8 % are involved in
agriculture, fisheries and forestry.
39
IN-MIGRATION, OUT-MIGRATION
The town’s population is composed mainly of Rodriguez born (41 %) who
had 21 to 50 years of stay in place.
On the other hand, the immigrants of Rodriguez come from various regions
of the Philippines. The composition, which is:
Bicol 3.25 %
Others 0.46 %
From the figure above, it is noted that a large percentage of non- Rodriguez
born residents are Visayans; most of them come from the province of Aklan (7 %)
LANGUAGE
Majority of the Montalbeňos can speak Tagalog (81.71 %). Bicolano,
Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Cebuano, Waray and Aklanon follow it and more than 1 % of
the total population can speak those language.
TABLE 2.6
40
RODRIGUEZ MOTHER TONGUES (2007)
TABLE 2.7
41
Civil Status Total
Single 68,522
Married 74,056
Widow 6,515
Divorced/ Married 3,116
Live-in/ Common-Law 15,020
Unknown 346
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
The total household population in Rodriguez is 52,474. The average of
household size is 4.26. It is lower than the average of the Rizal Province.
TABLE 2.8
42
250,000 223,574
200,000
150,000
115,167
Pop.
100,000 79,668
67,074
41,858
50,000 31,170
20,982
3,440 5,201 6,402 5,267 9,648
0
1903 1918 1939 1943 1960 1970 1975 1980 1990 1995 2000 2007
100,000
90,000
80,000
70,000
60,000
50,000 Pop. (2000)
40,000 Pop. (2007)
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
Bal. Bur. Ger. Mac. Mang. Mas. Pur. Ros. S.I. S.J. S.R.
DUMAGAT:
THE FIRST INHABITANT OF THE TOWN
43
The term Dumagat may have been derived from the words gubat (forest) and
hubad. The more logical origin of its name is taga-dagat which referred to “sea
gypsies.”
History
The history of the Dumagat continues to confound anthropologists and
archaeologists. One theory suggests that the Dumagat are the descendants of the
original inhabitants of the Philippines, who, contrary to their sea-faring
Austronesian neighbors, arrived through land bridges that linked the country with
the Asian mainland about 30,000 years ago. Unlike many of their Austronesian
counterparts, the Dumagats have shown resistance to change. The attempts of the
Spaniards to settle them in reducciones or reservations all throughout Spanish rule
failed.
While resisting change from the other society for hundreds of years, the
Dumagats have adjusted to social, economic, cultural, and political pressures with
remarkable resilience; they have created systems and structures within their culture
to cushion the sudden impact of change.
Demographics
The life expectancy at birth of the Dumagat is just 16.5 years, with only a third of
children surviving to adulthood at 15 years – at which point life expectancy is still
only 27.3 years. Young women reach full adult height (average 140 cm) at age 12
or 13.
44
Physical Trait
They typify the outstanding Negrito physical traits of dark brown to black
color and curly hair. The few cases of straight hair and light complexion may be
chiefly the result of mixture with the lowland Christians. They have beautifully
proportioned bodies, arms, legs and breasts especially among women. Their stature
compares to an average Filipino. The women stand at 4 ft. 10 inches to 5 ft. 4
inches and the men tower from 5 ft. to 5 ft. 9 inches.
Way of Living
The Dumagats are found in the province of Nueva Ecija, Isabela, Nueva
Vizcaya, Camarines Sur, Camarines Norte, Rizal and Bulacan. They live in a
single-pole make-shift nipa huts along the river banks during summertime and
move to sturdier dwellings on higher grounds during the monsoon rains.
They live the life of hunters and rattan traders. Hunting is their basic
occupation. Their weapons consist of bow and arrow. Hunting with dogs is a
favorite technique. They gather rattan palms from the forest cleansing and
scraping them until they are ready to be split into smaller pieces.
After these are ready, they deliver them to the tabong (market) in the
lowlands and exchange them for rice, sugar, salt and other basic ommodities. They
also use the kaingin system of farming live by fishing with hooks, traps and spears.
45
For the Dumagats, there is no wedding ceremony save for a simple
celebration celebration to which the couple’s relatives and guests are invited and at
which the union is announced. As simply as the union is made, so too is its
dissolution. A Dumagat couple simply separate by mutual consent.
Culture
The Dumagat people are the Agta Negrito groups found in Luzon. In the
past, these people lived in coastal areas of Aurora and Quezon provinces and were
lords in their own domain. However, because of the coming of Filipino
homesteaders in the Agta area they were pushed into the mountains, and dispersed
in small groups.
They move from place to place in search of better habitation. Recently, they have
learned to live permanent settlements. They are reported found scattered in
different locations. They are also divided into six languages. The Kabulowan are
one of the subgroups of the Dumagat (also known as “Baluga”). Dumagat families
are generally simple nuclear family. They live in extended family groupings. If
arise among themselves, they just move away. In the past, men wore a cloth of g-
string and the women wore wrap around skirts. Now, they were used, machine
sewed lowland clothes.
Medicine
Dumagat women are known around the country as purveyors of herbal
medicines.
Clothing
Their traditional clothing is very simple. The young women wear wrap
around skirts. Elder women wear bark cloth, while elder men wear loin cloths. The
old women of the Agta wear a bark cloth strip which passes between the legs, and
is attached to a string around the waist. Today most Dumagat who have been in
46
contact with lowlanders have adopted the T-shirts, pants and rubber sandals
commonly used by the latter.
Practices
The Dumagats are skillful in weaving and plaiting.
Women exclusively weave winnows and mats. Only men make armlets.
They also produce raincoats made of palm leaves whose bases surround the neck
of the wearer, and whose topmost part spreads like a fan all around the body.
Art
A traditional form of visual art is body scarification. The Dumagats
intentionally wound the skin on their back, arms, breast, legs, hands, calves and
abdomen, and then they irritate the wounds with fire, lime and other means to form
scars.
Other "decorative disfigurements" include the chipping of the teeth. With the
use of a file, the Dumagat modify their teeth during late puberty. The teeth are
dyed black a few years afterwards.
Music
The Dumagat have a musical heritage consisting of various types of agung
ensembles - ensembles composed of large hanging, suspended or held,
bossed/knobbed gongs which act as drone without any accompanying melodic
instrument.
47
Economy
Economically, they are very poor. Their livelihood ranges from hunting and
gathering to having gardens and raising coconuts. These days, hunting and
gathering are greatly reduced due to depletion of forest resources caused by
logging operations. Many of them now work as unskilled laborers for lowland
farmers near their location.
Most Dumagats are tied into a patron-client relationship with one or more
lowlander families. In this relationship, the Dumagats gather rattan and trade it
with the lowlander or they work for the lowlander. In turn, the lowlander gives
them rice, tobacco, money, or other items. In many cases, Dumagats are abused,
oppressed and are always on the losing end. Most of them are unable to determine
the fair equivalent of goods being exchanged or services being rendered. They
depend on their relationship for their daily ration of food.
Politics
Within their culture, much of the behavior is governed by rules between
types of relatives. The family itself is the organization that undertakes all roles.
Their social control system is unstructured. If conflicts arise, they just move away
some old people.
Religion
The Dumagats have no structured religion of their own although they claim
to believe in nameless, faceless gods whom they invoke to protect them from
danger. They are peace-loving people.
48
The Dumagats are animist. Practices and beliefs differ from person to
person. Dumagat animism has less control over the people’s daily lives. In
addition, they have adopted some of the beliefs of their Christian neighbors. Now,
they hold to a universal belief in a single God, maybe a result of Christian
influence. Cultish groups are also working in. There are different views on the
dominant character of the Dumagat religion. Those who believe they are
monotheistic argue that various Dumagat tribes believe in a supreme being who
rules over lesser spirits or deities, with the Dumagat of Mt. Pinatubo worshipping
"Apo Namalyari."
The Dumagats are also animists. For example, the Pinatubo Dumagat
believes in environmental spirits such as anito and kamana. They believe that good
and evil spirits inhabit the environment, such as the spirits of the river, sea, sky,
mountain, hill, valley, and other places.
TAGALOG:
THE RIVER-DWELLER WHO NAMED THE TOWN
“BALITE”
49
The Tagalog people is an ethnic group in the Philippines. The name
Tagalog comes from either the native term tagá-ilog, meaning 'people living along
the river', or another native term, tagá-alog, meaning 'people living along the ford',
a ford being a shallow part of a river or stream where people, animals, or vehicles
can cross it.
The prefix taga- means "coming from" or "native of", while the word ilog
means 'river'. Translated, tagá-ilog means 'coming from the river' or 'native of the
river', and tagá-alog means 'coming from the ford' or 'native of the ford' with 'the'
being implied in both cases.
Either way, the original name has been contracted to become simply
Tagalog. In more recent times, the people of this ethnolinguistic group rarely refer
to themselves as "Tagalog", and instead, refer to themselves simply as "Filipino".
The Tagalogs are one of the most widespread groups of people in the
Philippines. They form a majority in the provinces of Aurora, Bataan, Batangas,
Cavite, Bulacan, Laguna, Marinduque, Metro Manila, Nueva Ecija, Occidental
50
Mindoro, Oriental Mindoro, Quezon, and Rizal. Other provinces with some
significant Tagalog populations include the provinces of Palawan, Tarlac, and in
Zambales.
Tagalogs have ancestries in other ethnic groups such as East Asian and as
well as some other South East Asian people that migrated/settled to Manila and
CALABARZON that assimilated to Tagalog or came even long before the Spanish
Conquest. That could have established several Native Tagalog communities
formed by the assimilation of various Indigenous Philippine kingdoms.
Culture
The Tagalog culture of the Pre-Hispanic times was very different from its
forms today although they were the most westernized out of all the Filipino ethnic
groups. Tagalog culture grew steadily to accept foreign, especially Spanish,
British, and American cultural influences. Traditionally, the Tagalogs are for the
most part agriculturists, although there are a few who engage in fishing.
Tagalogs have a very strict adherence to conduct politeness and respect, and
this is exemplified by practices and their language structure. Tagalogs are also
depicted by examples of bravery and courage, as manifested by historical events,
e.g., the Philippine Revolution and World War II.
51
History
The present "center" of the Tagalog culture and people is Taal, Batangas,
being its birthplace, and is still the "Heartland of the Tagalog Culture". Most of the
culture of the Tagalog people is passed on by oral tradition, despite the existence of
a writing system. This is because even if they were literate and had a written
tradition before the Spaniards arrived, they wrote their ideas on perishable leaves
and branches.
The Tagalogs were the next settlers in Rodriguez next to Dumagats. The
Rivers of Montalban offered Tagalogs settlers fish, fresh water for drinking,
ablutions, and irrigation; protection against the attack of the enemies across; and
easy means of travel by bancas especially needed during a time when the roads
were just widening footpaths in the wilderness. Thus along Montalban River,
Tagalog settlements sprang up and grew into populous barrios which Spaniards
found in the last quarter of 16th century. They still live along the river after the
Spanish conquest and they name the town “Balite” because of the Balite trees
grew up along the riverbanks of Montalban.
AKLANON:
THE LARGEST VISAYAN IMMIGRANT OF RODRIGUEZ
History
Minuro it Akean
Tradition holds that the first ruler of Aklan was Datu Dinagandan who was
dethroned in 1399, by Kalantiaw. In 1433, Kalantiaw III formulated a set of laws
that is known today as the Code of Kalantiaw. William Henry Scott, a well-known
American historian, later debunked the Code of Kalantiaw as a fraud. [1][2] However,
many Filipinos, including Aklanons and other Visayans continue to believe this
legend as true.
The capital of Akean changed several times. Towards the end of the 14th
century, Datu Dinagandan moved the capital from the present Batan, which was
captured in 1399 by Chinese adventurers under Kalantiaw. Kalantiaw established
then a dynasty but it prematurely ended when his successor, Kalantiaw III, was
53
slain in a duel with Datu Manduyog, the legitimate successor to Datu Dinagandan.
When Manduyog became the new ruler, he moved the capital back to Bakan
(ancient name of Banga) in 1437. Several datus succeeded Manduyog and when
Miguel Lopez de Legaspi landed in Batan in 1565, Datu Kabanyag was ruling
Aklan from what is now the town of Libacao.
(These historical vignettes have no historical record as credible basis, but have
been manufactured in such a way as to acquire a hint of historical veracity and
reinforced among school children primarily through yearly programs or shows
supposedly commemorating those historical events. Nonetheless, these vignettes
have found no support among the established and respected historians of the
Philippines, and are thus relegated as folklore of no historical provenance or
significance.)
Spanish Era
During the Spanish era, Aklanons were generally peaceful and did not revolt
against Spanish rule in the area. However, the situation changed when two
Aklanons, Francisco del Castillo and Candido Iban, joined the Katipunan with the
intention of regaining the independence of Aklan along with the rest of the
Philippines. Both were successful in ridding the area of Spaniards.
Immigrating to Rodriguez
The Tagalogs and Dumagat people sold their pieces of land to Visayans and
left that area to live in a place far from there. The Visayan settlers came from
Libacao, Aklan and went to Manila. From there, they went to a place, which is now
known as Mascap. The place became known as “Barrio of Visayans” because they
were the first one who settles there. There first barrio captain was Felipe Ycay Sr..
But he do not recognize some of the present-day residents as the first barrio
captain.
From 1965 to 1970’s, the Visayans migrated to the watershed area including
the sitios at the back of Wawa Dam. To reach that place, they need to pass through
54
a difficult and steep trail. The reason for these was the owner of the land, MWSS,
locked the present route, which is easy.
The watershed area was opened to the public in October 1979. Bureau of
Forestry implemented a Reforestation Program. Since then, the population grew up
and the place was divided into sitios.
Today, Aklanons were the largest Visayan immigrant in Rodriguez they can
found in Barangay Mascap, and Barangay San Rafael.
Languages
Aklanons speak the Aklan languages, which includes Aklanon and
Malaynon. Ati is also spoken to some extent. Meanwhile, Hiligaynon and Kinaray-
a are used as regional languages. Tagalog is spoken by Aklanons in Metro Manila
and Rodriguez while the official languages of the Philippines, Filipino and English
are taught at school.
Culture
Most Aklanons engage in agriculture while those in the coastal areas engage
in fishing. They also make handicrafts. Music, such as courtship songs or
kundiman, wedding hymns, and funeral recitals, are well-developed, as it is with
dance.
55
Religion
Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, the Aklanons likely practised the
"worship" of Anitos. However, after Spanish colonization, the majority of
Aklanons have become devout Roman Catholics. They are known by their
devotion to the Santo Niño or Child Jesus, as shown in the Ati-atihan festival.
Aklanons also practice processions during religious holidays such as the Salubong.
A 1,644 hectares of land in Sitio Wawa was sold by Eulogio Rodriguez Sr.
was sold to Alfonso Doronila , Php 50.00 in price on 1950. Doronila called his
town mates in Dumangas, Iloilo to cultivate that land. The people from Dumangas
migrated on 1971 to 1972 while the people from Capiz migrated on 1973.
56
57
58
59
REFERENCES:
www.google.com
www.yahoo.com
RESEARCHERS:
Dorylou G. Doble
60
Jenny Vee J. Esteban
Elizabeth M. Francisco
Rudy Buenaagua
Ronnell J. Catanduanes
UNIT III
HISTORICAL
PAST
61
OF
RODRIGUEZ
BRIEF HISTORY OF
RODRIGUEZ
Based on the stories handed down by the old folks through generations, this
place was once known as BALITE by the natives because of the wide spreading
Balite trees that stand proudly by the riverbanks. It was then a lonely barrio
belonging to the Municipality of San Mateo in Province of Manila. The people of
Barrio Balite wanted so such to be recognized as a separate town so they followed
all the conditions set by Governor General in his letter of instruction sent dated
April 27, 1871. That letter states that such request said only are granted if the
following government institutions were built; a parish church, a municipal hall, a
school, a public market and a cemetery. Upon completion of the said buildings, a
meeting was held by Don Carlos Reoug, representative of the Governor General;
Don Ramon Aguilar, head of San Mateo Guardia Civil; Don Jose Canas, owner of
Hacienda Payatas; and Don Mariano Crame, Chief Inspector of Government
Buildings.
62
On June 30, 1871, through the assistance of Padre Estaquio, a native of
Pasig, ACTA DE ERECCION was finally signed establishing the town of
Montalban and its four (4) barrios namely Balite, Burgos, Calipahan, and Maran.
The Spaniards changed the name to MONTALVAN from the Spanish words
MONTE and ALVA meaning White Mountain. It could also be named after a
place in Spain where the same distinctive terrain, that of Monte de Alva or
Montauban in France. The first chapel called PASONG VISITA was erected on a
piece of land donated by Pantaleon Cruz. However, due to the increasing number
of churchgoers, the chapel was transferred to its present location, just in front of
town’s cemetery on the land donated by Candido Domingo and Alejandra Cruz.
The first elected gobernadorcillo or popularly called capitan was Maximo
Francisco.
In 1896, just after the execution of Dr. Jose Rizal at Bagumbayan, General
Licerio Geronimo popularly known as General Sergio, together with Simplicio
Inocentes, Gregorio Bautista and others went to Cabanatuan to join the Katipunan
to fight the Spanish aggression. In the later part of 1896, Cipriano Reyes, a non-
combatant was kidnapped and later on killed due to the hatred of the town people
on suspicion that he was helping the Spaniards.
Spanish authorities attacked Montalvan but they were met with heavy
resistance. The battle hasted the whole day before the Katipuneros retreated. Later
on, peace was declared between the two opposing forces on after the town was
reduced to ashes. The church, which was converted to a fort, was destroyed.
In the early part of 1897, the Spaniards deported the last gobernadorcillo of
Montalvan, Capitan Victoriano Bautista together with Hilario Cruz to Guam on the
suspicion of being Katipuneros. With Capitan Bautista’s banishment,
Montalvanwas reverted to the Municipality of San Mateo in the later part of 1897
In 1901 by the virtue of Act No. 137 of the Philippine Commision, the
towns Morong Politico-Military District and Province of Manila merged to form
the Rizal Province, in honor of Dr. Jose Rizal and Montalvan forms part of that
province. Also stated on the said act was granting the changing of letter V to B of
Montalban.
63
On 1903, on the account of the fact, that many towns had a small population,
Governor Flores recommended that they be “incorporated with the others to form
larger pueblos.”
Thus on October 12, 1903 Act No. 942 took effect reducing the number of
municipalities of Rizal from 33 to 15.Montalban has a population of 3,108
inhabitants in 1903 so it was again merged to San Mateo and San Mateo was the
seat of government.
By virtue of Provision No. 36 dated May 12, 1908 pursuant to Order No. 20,
which was approved on February 29, 1908, Montalban was officially declared an
independent town with six (6) barrios under its jurisdiction namely Burgos, San
Jose, San Rafael, San Isidro, Balite and Manggahan.
In 1944,Lt. Col. Severo Cruz, an ex-USAFFE was taken but was later
released to lack of evidence. Then in October of the same year, he together with
Dr. Jose Bautista, Sergio Bautista and Dominador Omto were again imprisoned as
guerilla suspects. This time, not one of them returned.
By 1945, the Japanese then occupied the town. Gavino Cruz and Eustaquio
Rodriguez went to Manila to escape from the Japanese, but they were nabbed
there. Later on, while dying to escape, with him was Eustaquio Rodriguez who was
shot and killed while Gavino Cruz was able to be suspicious of the lingering threat
of cruelty from Japanese who retreated to the town, then they left Montalban. In
that same month of January, the public school building, the public market, the
nursery in San Jose, the church and many private houses were destroyed by the
American Forces who were then in the offensive.
65
the whole town was razed to the ground by the Americans to clean the town of
Japanese Snipers.
66
Pamitinan Cave was the location of the First Cry of Independence. Here, Andres
Bonifacio and the other eight Katipuneros met on April 12, 1895
Montalban George was the birthplace of rock climbing in the country in early ’70.
THE HISTORY OF
PAMITINAN
Francisco Del Castillo, one of the two Katipuneros who led the
uprising in Kalibo,Aklan and who donated part of his winnings in a
lottery in Australia so that the Katipunan could purchase on old
printing press from the "Bazaar El Cisne" that enabled the
organization to publish its own newspaper, the "Kalayaan",
Valeriano Dalida and Pedro Zabala who were early members of the
Katipunan,
"We undertook the journey towards the "Cave of Bernardo Carpio" in two
calesas at noon of April 10, 1985, Holy Monday...At four in the afternoon of the
same day, we arrived at the town of San Mateo. We were hospitably
accommodated at the summer house of CapitanMunicipal Don Matias Delos
Angeles,who with his wife Doña Sixta Manahan placed at our disposal the services
of their house. Our brethren Aurelio Tolentino had previously informed Captain
Delos Angeles about our patriotic purpose in the trip".
"All night long, until the early morning hours of the following day, we could
hardly sleep, because the meeting that were about to hold the next day was to deal
with very important questions concerning the Katipunan, such as the creation of a
flag for the revolutionary army and the appointment of generals ("Jefes
Henerales") for the following provinces: for Manila and nearby barrios, Emilio
Jacinto and Guillermo Masangkay; for Cavite, Faustino Mañalac, Genaro Galvez
68
and Santiago Alvarez; for Pampanga, Aurelio Tolentino; for Capiz, Francisco Del
Castillo and Candido Iban; for Morong, Vicente Leyba; for Nueva Ecija, Manuel
Tinio and Mariano Llanera, and for Laguna, Vicente Fernandez. Andres Bonifacio
was to beome Generalissimo of the revolutionary forces.”
"On Holy Tuesday, we started for the town of Montalban, and had for our
guide, one Felix Halili, a trusted man of Capitan Delos Angeles, who saw it that
we were adequately provisioned for a week's trip. We reached Montalban at noon
of that day. After taking a bite to eat, and a brief rest, we started our meeting inside
the cave. The first subject was the creation of a flag for the Katipunan, which was
to be of the color red with a radiant "K" in the middle. Brethren Pedro Zabala
asked what type of "K" to use. Guillermo Masangkay emphatically suggested to
use the "K" of the ancient Tagalog alphabet. Bonifacio asked Masangkay,how he
became familiar with that alphabet. Masangkay explained that he learned about it
from his friend Isabelo Delos Reyes, who showed him the book about the history
of Ilocos written in that Ancient Tagalog Alphabet. It was unanimously agreed to
use the "K" of that ancient alphabet.
"It was also decided strategic points in the area should be designated as
general headquarters of the Katipunan". After those deliberations, they scribbled
on the walls of the cave with a piece of charcoal the following words: "Viva la
Independencia de Filipinas!” Then they signed each of their names. Years after the
revolution, Aurelio Tolentino wrote about this trip to "Pamitinan Cave": "It seems
only yesterday that those humble sons of the soil emerged from that cave with their
hearts torn with emotion and their eyes filled with tears as they stood speechless,
looking at one another. They foresaw how heavily they would have to pay for the
ideals they had created". Tolentino was of the opinion that the "first cry of liberty
had taken place not in Balintawak but in the "Pamitinan Cave",Montalban, Rizal
around the year 1894 or 1895.
69
"Our expeditionary party entered the cave with several Katipuneros and
local residents versed in the terrain as guides. We carried oil lamps which we held
close to the walls in order to be able to read the various inscriptions there. Our
flickering lights revealed that the slow steady drip of water from the roof had
transformed the cave into a hall filled with marvellously sculptured figures.
Sometimes the form was that of a sleeping elephant, sometimes it was almost
human,with arms twisted as if in a nightmare. Small sharp objects glittered in the
darkness, reflecting our passage. The cave widened at the point, and we saw with
amazement that we were in a sort of temple, for there was a dome, an altar, a
pulpit, even hanging chandeliers. There were also places where the passageway
was so small and the roof so low that we had to crawl on our hands and knees to go
on ahead".
"On the cave walls, we also found the names of other visitors who had
preceded us by as far back as 1880. We crossed several small lakes filled with
pieces of charcoal. There were stones that looked like human cadavers seated on
chairs. Everything was made of some kind of granolithic stone".
"Soon we came upon an elevation at the end of a wide space. The elevation
began with some graded altar steps leading to a dark wall. Our guard walked up the
steps with his torched held high and read excitedly, "Aurelio Tolentino".
"Here it is!" we all shouted as we went up the steps."We had found at last
that we sought...the names of the first brave leaders of the Katipunan!"...
"On the left was the signature of Aurelio Tolentino, with the date April 10,
1895. On the right were those Emilio Jacinto, Andres Bonifacio,Faustino Mañalac,
Francisco Del Castillo, Valeriano Dalida, Pedro Zabala, Guillermo Masangkay and
the date April 11, 1895. Guillermo Masangkay, who was with us wept with joy.
70
But where was the famous inscription "Viva la Indepedencia de Filipinas" as
mentioned by Tolentino?
"There were so many erasures above and below the names, that we could no
longer read them. The eeriness of the place, the flickering of our oil lamps, and
ravages wrought by water after twenty-seven years did not make the reading any
easier. There was no doubt that the first cry for revolt had been made there, though
now the inscription had become illegible by more recent super imposed writings
and had faded after the many years that had elapsed, because a little below and
towards the center of the inscription belonged to the Katipunan".
The trip to the Pamitinan underscores, first of all the plight of the handful
Katipuneros, who found it necessary to go into retreat, far from the madding
crowd, into the dark, cold, inner recesses of these caves. These could have been
prompted in part by the need to forget, albeit temporarily, the harsh realities of
colonial rule, a regime that had transformed them into veritable aliens in the land
of their birth. They were poor, many without much education, faced with the
Goliath of the Spanish Colonial Administration that, enrolled within its ranks
thousands of Filipinos: the guardia civil. However, these Katipuneros were fired
with a fervent desire to overthrow the colonial yoke.
71
GENERAL LICERIO IMAYA
GERONIMO
(1855-1924)
72
When he was nine, Geronimo lived with his grandfather in a farm in San
Miguel, Bulacan. At 14, he joined his father in Montalban where he pratically
spent his young years on the farm. He cut grass for sale, pastured carabaos, cut fuel
for home use and did all other farm chores. Naturally, he was honed to be a
marksman to boot.
Geronimo did not enjoy the benefits of formal education because of poverty.
But he could read and write, thanks to friend who taught him the alphabet. He
sought self-improvement through reading the awits and corridos while resting on
the back of carabaos. For socials, he participated in poetical jousts called duplo.
During the months of May, he served as the “general” or “prince” of the Sta. Cruz
de Mayo procession.
With the out break of the revolution in August, 1896, Geronimo had to go to
Balintawak upon orders from Bonifacio. On th 30 th of that month, he and the other
organized his own force from that place, San Mateo and Marikina. His forces
served under General Macabulos in San Rafael, Bulacan and then, under General
Mariano Llanera during the military operations in the towns of San Miguel,
Bulacan and Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija.
Mt. Puray in Montalban was the base of operations of Gen. Geronimo and
his force. Here a meeting was held after the Bonifacio’s death to create a
Departmental Government of Central Luzon. In this assembly, Geronimo was
designated division general of the revolutionary army for Rizal. His forces
triumphantly fought the Spaniards for six hours. Because of this success, the name
General Cerio by which he was popularly called reached everywhere. The job he
73
had to do next was to temporary period of tranquility brought about the Truce of
Biak-na-Bato, he retired to his farm and then allowed himself to be assigned by his
former foes as a commandant in the Spanish Milicia Territorial. It was formed by
the Spaniards against the defeat of the Spanish fleet in Manila on May 1, 1898.
Antonio Luna appointed him commanding general of the third military zone
of the province of Manila. In the Battle of San Mateo on December 19, 1899, he
dealt a severe blow to his enemies when his force, called Tiradores de la Muerte
engaged the Americans for two and a half hours. Here the Americans general,
Henry W. Lawton perished, along with 13 Americans officers. The Filipinos lost
six men and a few were taken prisoners.
Because of his capabilities and his stirring victories, Geronimo was named by
Gen. Mariano Trias on July 12, 1900 jete superior of the fused second and third
zones of Manila. Exactly one month after, he was ordered by Trias to take
command of the district of Morong and to put a stop to the continued disturbances
in that area.
One year later, through the efforts of the Federal Party, he and his 22 officers
and men surrendered in San Mateo on March 29, 1901 to Captain Henderson of the
42 th Infantry.
74
BRIEF BIOGRAPHY:
75
stationed at Fort McKinley (now Fort Bonifacio). Thus, Don Yoyong is known as
penny-wise.
Once a seventy-year old man approached him and requested him to donate a
basketball. “At your age you should not play ball,” Don Yoyong quipped.
“No, Don Yoyong, that ball is for a basketball team in Biňan, Laguna. I am
only the spokesman,” answered the old man.
How he came to be called “Amang” in the Senate is worth telling. Quite sore
when called the Old Guard, he pleaded, “Don’t call me an Old Guard. Can’t you
see I’m only 50?” I address you as “Amang” (young man) why can’t you address
me in the same way?”
He spent 55 years of his life in the government and in politics. He held the
office of Municipal president (Mayor) of Montalban for seven years. He became
governor of Rizal province, and representative of the second district of Rizal. As a
senator, the highest position he got was the Senate Presidency. He was appointed
as a Mayor of Manila, Secretary of Agriculture and Commerce, Chairman of the
National Development Company (NDC), Chairman of the National Rice and Corn
Corporation (NARIC) and manager of the Cebu Portland Cement Company.
76
BRIEF BIOGRAPHY:
Son of poor couple, Petronilo Rodriguez and Monica Adona. Born on 1883,
Montalban. Studied elementary in his town and finished Bachelor of Arts in
Colegio de San Juan de Letran. From being a “zacatero,” became municipal
president of Montalban, governor of Rizal, mayor of Rizal, representative of Nueva
Viscaya and second district of Rizal in congress, secretary of agriculture and
commerce, senator, and president of Nacionalista Party, Married Juana
Santiagoand given seven children- Leonor, Ruperto, Jose, Eulogio Jr., Isidro,
Consolacion and Adelaida. Imprisoned by the Japanese in Fort Santiago because
of not cooperating with them. Died on 1964
REFERENCES:
www.wikipedia.com
www.google.com
RESEARCHERS:
78
Jhemnits Joy B. Guillerme
Jayson E. Cruz
Caselyn E. Francisco
Dionel O. Cruz
Elizabeth M. Francisco
UNIT IV
GREAT
LEADERS
79
OF
RODRIGUEZ
THE HISTORY OF
RODRIGUEZ
(from 1871 to 2010)
80
Based on the stories handed down by the old folks through generations, this
place was once known as BALITE by the natives because of the wide spreading
Balite trees that stand proudly by the riverbanks. It was then a lonely barrio
belonging to the Municipality of San Mateo in Province of Manila. The people of
Barrio Balite wanted so such to be recognized as a separate town so they followed
all the conditions set by Governor General in his letter of instruction sent dated
April 27, 1871. That letter states that such request said only are granted if the
following government institutions were built; a parish church, a municipal hall, a
school, a public market and a cemetery. Upon completion of the said buildings, a
meeting was held by Don Carlos Reoug, representative of the Governor General;
Don Ramon Aguilar, head of San Mateo Guardia Civil; Don Jose Canas, owner of
Hacienda Payatas; and Don Mariano Crame, Chief Inspector of Government
Buildings.
81
familiar with that alphabet. Masangkay explained that he learned about it from his
friend Isabelo Delos Reyes, who showed him the book about the history of Ilocos
written in that Ancient Tagalog Alphabet. It was unanimously agreed to use the
"K" of that ancient alphabet.
"It was also decided strategic points in the area should be designated as
general headquarters of the Katipunan". After those deliberations, they scribbled
on the walls of the cave with a piece of charcoal the following words: VIVA LA
INDEPENDENCIA FILIPINA or “long live Philippine Independence.” And it
could be said that here in Montalban, two years earlier than the one in Balintawak,
there was already a sort of “cry”, a public manifestation of the separatist intention
of the Katipunan.
The trip to the Pamitinan underscores, a regime that had transformed them
into veritable aliens in the lan of their birth.They were poor, many without much
education, faced with the Goliath of the Spanish Colonial Administration that,
enrolled within its ranks thousands of Filipinos: the guardia civil. But these
Katipuneros were fired with a fervent desire to overthrow the colonial yoke.
In 1896, just after the execution of Dr. Jose Rizal at Bagumbayan, General
Licerio Geronimo popularly known as General Sergio, together with Simplicio
Inocentes, Gregorio Bautista and others went to Cabanatuan to join the Katipunan
to fight the Spanish aggression. In the later part of 1896, Cipriano Reyes, a non-
combatant was kidnapped and later on killed due to the hatred of the town people
on suspicion that he was helping the Spaniards.
Spanish authorities attacked Montalvan but they were met with heavy
resistance. The battle hasted the whole day before the Katipuneros retreated. Later
on, peace was declared between the two opposing forces on after the town was
reduced to ashes. The church, which was converted to a fort, was destroyed.
In the early part of 1897, the Spaniards deported the last gobernadorcillo of
Montalvan, Capitan Victoriano Bautista together with Hilario Cruz to Guam on the
suspicion of being Katipuneros. With Capitan Bautista’s banishment, Montalvan
was reverted to the Municipality of San Mateo in the later part of 1897.
82
Mt. Puray in Montalban was the base of operations of Gen. Geronimo and
his force. Here a meeting was held after the Bonifacio’s death to create a
Departmental Government of Central Luzon. In this assembly, Geronimo was
designated division general of the revolutionary army for Rizal.
In 1901 by the virtue of Act No. 137 of the Philippine Commision, the
towns Morong Politico-Military District and Province of Manila merged to form
the Rizal Province, in honor of Dr. Jose Rizal and Montalvan forms part of that
province. Also stated on the said act was granting the changing of letter V to B of
Montalban.
On 1903, on the account of the fact, that many towns had a small population,
Governor Flores recommended that they be “incorporated with the others to form
larger pueblos.”
Thus on October 12, 1903 Act No. 942 took effect reducing the number of
municipalities of Rizal from 33 to 15.Montalban has a population of 3,108
inhabitants in 1903 so it was again merged to San Mateo and San Mateo was the
seat of government.
83
By virtue of Provision No. 36 dated May 12, 1908 pursuant to Order No. 20,
which was approved on February 29, 1908, Montalban was officially declared an
independent town with six (6) barrios under its jurisdiction namely Burgos, San
Jose, San Rafael, San Geronimo, Balite and Manggahan.
On 1916 Eusebio Manuel was elected as the municipal president and under
his administration, Mango Bridge in Barrio Burgos was constructed.
On 1928, Jose Rodriguez was elected as the municipal president and under
him two floods in 1928 and 1934 happened and many lives and infrastructure was
lost and destroyed.
On 1931, Roman Reyes was elected as the municipal president and under
him, a monument was constructed in the town plaza in honor of Dr. Jose Rizal.
On 1943, Federico San Juan became the mayor and because of him the
guerillas caught in town plaza was fled and not harmed.
At the outbreak of the Second World War, Both Eulogio Rodriguez Sr. and
Eulogio Rodriguez Jr. were imprisoned for six months in Fort Santiago town,
which was made into an evacuation center by the USAFFE in April 1942. In that
same year,they were released. Later that year, Sotero San Juan and Isabella
Salvador were caught due to possession of firearm and gasoline. But both were
then organizing guerillas to fight against the Japanese and other Pro-Japanese
Organization killed a certain Macario. In the latter part of the same year, the
Japanese Kempetai took Pedro Salen, Vivencio Ramos, Jose Domingo, Anselmo
Valdez, Pedro Ramos, Doroteo Cruz and Vicente Ramos as guerilla suspects.
Luckily, they were released due to lack of evidence.
In 1944,Lt. Col. Severo Cruz, an ex-USAFFE was taken but was later
released to lack of evidence. Then in October of the same year, he together with
Dr. Jose Bautista, Sergio Bautista and Dominador Omto were again imprisoned as
guerilla suspects. This time, not one of them returned.
By 1945, the Japanese then occupied the town. Gavino Cruz and Eustaquio
Rodriguez went to Manila to escape from the Japanese, but they were nabbed
there. Later on, while dying to escape, with him was Eustaquio Rodriguez who was
shot and killed while Gavino Cruz was able to be suspicious of the lingering threat
85
of cruelty from Japanese who retreated to the town, then they left Montalban. In
that same month of January, the public school building, the public market, the
nursery in San Jose, the church and many private houses were destroyed by the
American Forces who were then in the offensive.
Both Catalino Bautista and Macario Bautista was appointed as the municipal
mayor after Gavino Cruz and during their administration, the rehabilitation of the
town including the roads was continued.
On 1947, Benigno Liamzon was elected as the municipal mayor but in 1950,
the HUK in Montalban kidnapped the mayor. Because of this, Guillermo Cruz Sr.,
the vice mayor became the Acting Mayor. Liamzon was rescued after one year by
the troop of General Ver. The waiting shed in town plaza and a “talipapa” was
constructed, many roads around the town was concreted and the municipal hall was
rehabilitated under his nine years of administration. He also supported the local
farmers by constructing many irrigations and in fact in his times, Montalban
known as the “Biggest producer of rice in Rizal.” The railway in daang bakal today
was functional and the Aklanon started to migrate here during his administration.
On 1984, Teodoro Rodriguez died and Pablo Adriano became the mayor.
Adriano was appointed as the mayor on 1986b after People Power. One of his
important accomplishments is the construction of Daang Bakal. The first
supermarket her in Montalban was establish during his time, the Zuniga
Supermarket.
On 1998, Rafaelito San Diego was elected and during his administration, the
municipal arc in Burgos was constructed and riprap was constructed on the
riverbank of Montalban River. Erap City Housing Project and Kasiglahan Village
in San Jose was also opened.
Many rice fields around the town converted into subdivisions like Eastwood
Greenview, Eastwind Centella, Monte Brisa, Metro Manila Hills and others.
Avilon Zoo or Montalban Zoological Park was also opened on 2004. Two floods in
2004 and 2009 happened and many lives were lost and many properties were
damaged.
On 2009, Mayor Cuerpo faced many cases against him so he was suspended.
Vice mayor Jonas Cruz became the acting mayor. Under his administration, the
town plaza and E. Rodriguez Highway was rehabilitated and railings going to
Wawa Dam were constructed. Montalban Town Center was opened in April 17,
88
2009 and it brought National Bookstore, Jollibee, and Robinson Supermarket near
to us.
On 2010, the first automated election will decide the next municipal mayor.
More than 100,000 voters of Montalban will decide on May.
Through the years, there have been plenty changes that take place. Now, the
town is composed of eleven Barangays- Balite, Burgos, Geronimo, Macabud,
Manggahan, Mascap, Puray, Rosario, San Isidro, San Jose, and San Rafael. In
addition, our town attained development and progress for the past century of its
establishment. Moreover, we are sure that Rodriguez will be a peaceful and
progressive city in the very near future.
90
17.Municipal Mayor Ernesto H. Villanueva Oct 23,1993- June 30,1995
Eulogio "Amang" Adona Rodríguez, Sr. was the longest serving Senate
President after Manuel L. Quezon, serving the post from April 30, 1952 to April
17, 1953 and May 20, 1953 to April 5, 1963.
91
“Amang” as he was popularly called, first studied at the Spanish-run public
school in Montalban, Rizal, and then took his secondary course at the San Juan de
Letran in Manila, where he completed his Bachelor of Arts in 1896.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
92
Construction of irrigation for the local farmers
Sacrificed his home( PICTURE AT THE RIGHT) to be the town hall of Montalban
where his office and municipal treasurer’s office were located
EUSEBIO C. MANUEL
BORN: August 14, 1865
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
93
Continued the projects of the former mayor
GREGORIO D.BAUTISTA
BORN: circa 1890
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
94
RODRIGUEZ TOWN PLAZA
JOSE A. RODRIGUEZ
BORN: circa 1890
Jose Rodriguez was the younger brother of Eulogio Rodriguez. He was the
sixth child child of Petronilo Rodriguez and Monica Adona. He was born in
Montalban Rizal on 1900. He finished his primary studies in his hometown. He
took books with fervor. From the University of the Philippines, he continued his
studies at Iowa State University and finished his master’s degree. He served as a
municipal president for four years and died in Montalban around on June 25,
1977at the age of 70 because of cardio respiratory arrest.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
EULOGIO RODRIGUEZ JR
ELEMENTARY
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SCHOOL (FORMERLY MONTALBAN
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL)
ROMAN S .REYES
BORN: 1886
DIED: 1966
Roman Reyes was the founder of Premier Bank. He was probably born on
1886 in Montalban. He finished only his primary and secondary education. He
married Leoncia Reyes and they had seven children; Procopio, Bayani, Alejandro,
Socoro, Efren, Juanito, and Roman Jr. He and his wife were only selling “bukayo”
beside Montalban Elementary School until he became a successful bank owner. He
was a very dedicated and responsible person. He became a municipal president for
four years from 1932 to 1936. He died on November 1, 1966 at the age of 80
because of Cerebral Hemorrhage.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
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JACINTO D. BAUTISTA
BORN: September 10, 1904
Jacinto Bautista also came from the well-known Bautista Family where four
out of twenty mayors came. He was born September 10, 1904 at Montalban. His
parents were Severino Bautista and Andrea Domingo. He was a brother of
Gregorio Bautista. He finished his primary studies at Montalban Elementary
School and finished his college at University of Santo Tomas where he finished
Dentistry. He is a dentist in profession and a contractor also. He was the mayor of
the town at the Commonwealth era. He fell in love to Anisia Bautista and they
have four children- Jacinto Jr., Dolores, Fe and Severino. He is the godfather of
Catalino Bautista. He died on May 31, 1984 because of heart failure.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
MONTALBAN-MARIKINA ROAD
IN FRONT OF H-VILL HOSPITAL
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FRANCISCO D. RODRIGUEZ
BORN: 1915
DIED: 1977
Francisco Rodriguez was come from the Rodriguez clan. He was a cousin of
former Governor Isidro Rodriguez and a son of Dr. Pedro Rodriguez, a brother of
Eulogio “Amang” Rodriguez. He is a brother of Teodoro Rodriguez. He was also a
grandchild of Petrolino Rodriguez. He finished his primary education in Montalban
and continued in Manila. He was the mayor of Montalban when the Japanese
invaded the Philippines. He married Estelita Cruz. He resigned because he did not
cooperate to Japanese. He related to Judge Rodriguez of Marikina and he died on
April 26, 1977 during the Martial law period at the age of 64 because of cardio
respiratory arrest.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
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FEDERICO SAN JUAN
BORN: circa 1890
Federico San Juan was one of the well-known mayors because he is the
mayor during the Japanese occupation. He was born on the last decade of 19 th
century in Iligan, Lanao Del Norte. He finished his primary education in his
hometown and went to Manila to finish his tertiary education. He was went to
Montalban and lived there. He married Julita San Juan. He entered politics as a
councilor in and as the vice-mayor of Francisco Rodriguez. He became a mayor
when Francisco Rodriguez resigned. He served for more than one year and helped
the people. He died around 1950. His son is a school supplies owner in Balite.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
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GAVINO CRUZ
BORN: 1905
DIED: 1975
Gavino Cruz is a project engineer in the Rizal’s capitol. He was born around
1905 in Montalban. He finished his studies here, continued his studies in Manila,
and became an engineer. He is an employee of the provincial Capitol when in
1945; the Japanese then occupied the town. Gavino Cruz and Eustaquio Rodriguez
went to Manila to escape from the Japanese, but they seized there. Later on, while
he and Estaquio Rodriguez tried to escape, Rodriguez was shot and killed while he
was experienced cruelty. In July 1945, a provisional government was established
with Gavino Cruz serving as Acting Mayor. The task of rehabilitation followed.
Schools were erected, the church and municipal building were rebuilt and private
houses were repaired and reconstructed. His wife was Azucena Cruz and they had
three sons .He was known as “Little Governor of Capitol “because of his closeness
to the Rodriguez.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
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CATALINO C.BAUTISTA
BORN: February 13, 1912
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
Rehabilitation of 2 kilometers of
road that connects Montalban and
Quezon City
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MACARIO BAUTISTA
BORN: 1900
DIED: 1986
Macario Bautista was related to the past mayor, Gregorio, Jacinto and
Catalino Bautista. He was a son of Gregorio Bautista and he was born on the first
decade of 20th century in Montalban. He finished his elementary education in
Montalban Elementary School. Having the blood of being a politician, he
appointed asthe mayor after Catalino Bautista resigned. He married Consuelo
Bautista. He and his brother Ariston Bautista owned poultry before in Baranggay
Geronimo Montalban and suppliesd livestock products in his hometown. He was a
cousin of Catalino Bautista. He died on June 20, 1986. He was also one of the
shortest serving mayors serving only for least than a year. He has some relatives in
Manggahan.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
BARANGGAY MANGGAHAN
RODRIGUEZ RIZAL
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BENIGNO B. LIAMZON
BORN: June 4, 1902
Benigno Liamzon was the first elected mayor after the war. He was born on
June 4, 1902 and his parents are Vicenta Buenviaje and Francisco Liamzon. He
was the eldest and his brother and sisters were Salud, Aurelia and Isidoro. He took
his primary education in Montalban Elementary School and finished his college in
University of Manila then he took up law. He married Josefa Manuel and they had
three children named Pedro Liamzon, Jacinta Cruz and Teresita Javier. He worked
as a farmer and an insurance agent of the international insurance corporation,
Juadere Davis Lincoln Insurance before he became a “capitan del barrio”. He ran
for mayor under the Nacionalista Party of Amang Rodriguez. He was elected as
mayor for nine consecutive years or three terms. When he was a mayor, he was
kidnapped by HUK who were spread throughout the country. He was brought to
the mountains of Sierra Madre for more than one year until he was rescued by the
troop of Gen. Fabian Ver. He was one of the most outstanding mayors and some
said that he is strict because he was angry when he saw someone sitting in the
waiting shed in the plaza in the Indian sit position. He died on September 7, 1987
because of heart attack at the age of 85 years old.
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ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
Center today
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RODRIGUEZ MUNICIPAL HALL, REHABILITATED UNDER THE TOWN PLAZA WAING SHED, CONSTRUCTED UNDER
THE ADMINISTRATION OF BENIGNO LIAMZON AND THE ADMINISTRATION OF BENIGNO LIAMZON
RENOVATED UNDER MAYOR CUERPO
GUILLERMO CRUZ SR
BORN: 1901
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
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Continued the projects of Mayor Liamzon
TEODORO D. RODRIGUEZ
BORN: April 4, 1922
SAN JOSE BRIDGE CONSTRUCTED IN 1977 DONA MONICA ADONA PUERICULTURE CENTER
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PABLO N. ADRIANO
BORN: January 26, 1922
Pablo Adriano was born on January 26, 1922 in Montalban. He was a child
of Juan Adriano and Tomasa Adriano. He studied here in Montalban and finished
it at Manila. He worked in the gun store of Eulogio Rodriguez at Escolta, Manila.
He was married to Antonia Adriano and they had eight children, four sons and four
daughters. He ran as the vice mayor of Teodoro Rodriguez and won that position.
He served as vice mayor for more than 20 years. He became the mayor of
Montalban when Teodoro Rodriguez died in 1984. Almost all of the mayors during
those times was removed from their position but he stayed after the People Power
because he was a friend of Vic Sumulong, a relative of former president Corazon
Aquino. He died in 2003 because of larynx cancer with heart complication.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
AMADO ANGELES
BORN: April 11, 1938
Amado Angeles became acting mayor one month each year from 1984 to
1987 because mayor Adriano was in vacation. He was born on April 11, 1938 and
the seventh child of Vicente Angeles and Cayetana Angeles. He studied at
Montalban Elementary School. Even he did not finish elementary, he became a
contractor of buildings. He was elected as a topnotch councilor from 1972 to 1984
and he became the vice mayor because Pablo Adriano became the mayor. He was
awarded as “The Most Outstanding Councilor” in the Philippines in 1981. He fell
in love to Carolina Gavid and they were gifted with eleven children.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
109
ANGELITO C. MANUEL
BORN: February 26, 1945
Angelito Manuel was the first elected mayor after the People Power. He was
born on February 26, 1945 at San Juan and a child of Remedios Cruz and Gregorio
Manuel. Hetook his primary and secondary education in Quirino High School and
his college in Araneta University in Malabon and finished veterinary. He first
worked at an animal pharmacy store in Cubao. He became the owner of Marival
Trading, which was a big supplier of animal medicine in the Philippines because of
Sonny Escudero. He married Gene Amado (who became vice mayor) and they
had three sons named Johani, Bea and Geoffrey. He was elected mayor on 1987,
finished his first term, and elected again in 1991 but he only finished two years of
his second term. He was a kind and very helpful person. He died in office on
October 22, 1993 because of kidney failure at the age of 54 years old.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
ERNESTO H. VILLANUEVA
BORN: December 20, 1931
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
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RAFAELITO A. SAN DIEGO
BORN: June 2, 1958
Rafaelito San Diego was born on June 2, 1958 in Montalban, Rizal. His
parents are Bernarda San Diego and Gregorio San Diego. He is the brother of Nene
Cordero. He studied his elementary and high school in Marist School in Marikina
and he finished Management in San Beda College. He became S.K. Chairman of
his Barangay and a Barangay Captain of San Rafael. He is a successful
businessman and he owns Big Farm Corporation, which is a poultry. He married
Josephine Rivera San Diego and they have five children- one boy and four girls.
He was elected mayor from 1998 to 2001 and he ran again but he defeated. He
served for three years. Today he is a contractor of school buildings in Rizal
Province.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
PEDRO S.CUERPO
BORN: June 29, 1953
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ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
114
JONAS J. CRUZ
BORN: May 22, 1972
Jonas Cruz was elected vice mayor in 2007. He became the acting mayor
when Mayor Cuerpo was suspended because of the cases filed against him. He was
born on May 22, 1972 and he is the eldest son of Pastor Cruz and Ma. Carmelita
Jimenez. His brothers and sisters are Moses, Marlon, Jennifer, Ma. Cecilia and Ma.
Charina. He took his elementary and high school education in MARIST School in
Marikina from 1979 to 1989. He finished college in Mapua Institute of Technology
in 1994 where he finished B.S.C.E. He was elected S.K. Chairman from 1988 to
1995 and a municipal councilor from 1998 to 2007. He was elected vice mayor
when he is 35 years old. He has implemented many projects when he serves today
as the acting mayor of Rodriguez. He is living at 82 P. Rodriguez St. San Rafael,
Rodriguez, Rizal.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
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REFERENCES:
www.wikipedia.org
www.batangmontalban.org
Adriano Adriano
Amado Angeles
Cecilia Bautista
Efigenia Bautista
Marcial Bautista
Carneta Buena
Lito Cruz
Jaime Rodriguez-Cruz
Cecilio Hernandez
Ramon Jacobe
Jacinta Liamzon-Cruz
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Baranggay Captain Emiliano Manuel
Edwin Villanueva
RESEARCHERS:
Cris Reven Gibaga
Karlo Guillermo
Lienyl Mati-ong
Janine Margate
Roneil Inocentes
CHANGES
AND
DEVELOPMENT
IN
RODRIGUEZ
TODAY
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LIVELIHOOD
The biggest problem right
now is livelihood. Majority of the
residents of Montalban work in
Metro Manila simply because
there are no enough opportunities
in the municipality. Three
livelihood sources are most
sustainable in Montalban:
agriculture, manufacturing, and
tourism.
Agriculture may provide the largest source of income for the residents,
especially to those in mountainous area. Several farm-to-market roads have already
been built. However, because of the upland topography, special technology is
needed to make farming more productive. Lack of technology suitable for upland
farming is the problem, although vegetable production is possible. Sloping
agricultural land technologies, which are being used in Mountain Province, are not
being implemented in Montalban. Montalban could be the vegetable basket of
Metro Manila since it has all this open space, but that would require agricultural
support systems and more facilities for irrigation.
With the construction of new roads, new modes of transport that are made
available to Montalban residents and tourists alike. There are FXs, taxis, jeepneys
and tricycles along every road and transport cooperatives have been formed to
organize operators and drivers. Public transport has also become a reliable source
of income to many, with jobs also in construction and masonry. Most jobs are in
the service sector.
During the rainy months, Montalban experiences floods but only during
strong typhoons. Part of the development plan in Montalban is drainage and creek
improvement and maintenance. C ontrol of the flood is one of their pilot projects.
In 2005, the municipal government of (Montalban) Rodriguez strengthened the
capacity of Montalban to prevent flooding by rehabilitating, constructing and
looking after drainages along the main roads of the municipality. Square and round
culverts, pipes where water passes through underneath roads, were also installed.
Citizens also contributed to ensure the control of flooding. They share their
responsibility towards flood prevention by being disciplined, practiced cleanliness
and made sure that trashes are in their right places.
Dream House
Before, there was no water and no electricity in the mountainous areas. But
now, Manila Water has number of projects in Montalban that would be able to
provide more water to the municipality; deep wells are installed in mountainous
barangays. Meralco will soon provide electricity to the areas in need, such as Brgy.
Macabud.
Rest in Peace
An open area near Kasiglahan and Suburban Village is the site of a planned
Memorial Park, Montalban’s very own. A final resting place by the mountain is
good for the soul
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Crime Volume 21 9
Crime Solved 21 8
Murder 3 1
Homicide 3 1
Physical Injury 4 4
Rape 0 0
Robbery 0 1
Theft 0 0
Non-index Crimes 10 2
This, despite the fact that the municipality’s protective service is greatly
unstaffed, is quite an achievement. The standard police population, as prescribed
by the PNP, is 1:1,000 police-to-population ratio. In order to maintain a peaceful
environment in its locality, the municipality ensures that their police personnel are
well-armed, well-trained and taken care of. There is a total armament provide to
the force, 21 which are Cal. 9 MMs. Additional manpower in the form of barangay
tanods and other barangays officials are also provided. As for mobility, four
vehicles were provided for their use. The town’s police force also makes use of
Motorola radios as well as their personal mobile phones in communicating
operations and other related concerns.
HEALTH
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The Montalban Infirmary
On the program of low-cost medicine, Concepcion says that even before the
National Government started the project, Montalban has been selling quality,
affordable medicines to its residents. “Where in the world can you buy medicine as
cheap as ours without sacrificing quality?” Concepcion adds, “Ever since the start,
medicines sold by Montalban are the cheapest possible, and our suppliers have
product certification from BFAD to ensure quality.
HOUSING
The municipality of Montalban
is mainly known for two things. Aside
from being the location of a massive
14-hectare landfill in which Metro
Manila garbage is brought; it also
serves as the relocation site of
thousands of urban poor families, also
from Metro Manila. The local
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government of Montalban faced the extremely challenging task of addressing the
problem of housing while assuring that their provision of housing needs to people,
especially those belonging to the urban poor sector, is seen as an act done not out
of pity, but of the desire to improve and empower.
History
Councilor Romeo Santos had made projects and sponsored Resolution 99-
84, which provides that every relocation site must have a reserved space for the
municipal government other than the given open space. This space would be
reserved for the construction of schools and other social service centers.
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From 2000 relocated families in 1997, beneficiaries of the Montalban
housing project now number to almost 20,000.
The HPDO
Created under the Municipal Ordinance No. 01-11 is the Housing and
People’s Development Office or HPDO. It is one of the offices involved in
Montalban’s housing program, and its duties include monitoring the number of
homeless families, formulating programs to help the homeless families of the
municipality and assisting them on the land to be utilized for government housing
programs and similar use.
Seven Schemes
The first project covers the allocated housing units, such as those in Erap
City and those funded by the National Housing Authority, where the local
government of Montalban asked for allocation.
The second caters on-site housing programs, in which there are informal
dwellers living in privately owned lots.
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The disposition of public lands is the third project of Montalban’s housing
program. In this project, untitled lots are due for cancellation will be registered and
declared in the name of the settlers.
The fourth project covers Executive Order 150, which disposes nine meters
of the Daang Tubo to the residents, the remaining 6 meters of which will be used
for road construction.
The sixth project caters to the upland settlers. Councilor Carasco mentions
unique cases; that of Brgy. Macabud and Brgy. San Isidro. The cadastral surveys
for those areas have not yet been approved.
The last project on the housing program covers the CMP, together with the
local housing. The municipal government develops lots through a joint venture
with the landowners such as being done in San Isidro.
It would now seem that Montalban is haven for the homeless. From slum
areas to subdivisions, from being called squatter to a homeowner, their transition to
the resettlement areas was made easier because they had been provided with
building materials, water supply, medical support, educational facilities, and even
cash. But within Montalban itself are seven to eight thousand homeless families.
There simply not enough funds to construct houses. That is the reason why
the local governments ties up with NGOs, such as the Gawad Kalinga. In housing
unit construction, the municipal government provides the land, and the Ngo takes
care of the construction materials and manpower needed to build the houses.
EDUCATION
Structures for Change
127
Montalban has atill none of those skyscrapers
tha obstruct the beautiful view of surrounding nature.
In fact, the largest buildings in the municipality re
places of learning. In Kasiglahan are new school
buildings for the elementary, high school, and college
students. Newly-constructed schools in baangays
Burgos, San Jose and San Rafael stand stately amidst
montalban’s sprawling green.
There are two universities within the Montalban municipality: the University
Rizal System (URS) and the Pamantasan ng Bayan ng Montalban. Although the
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number of universities cannot answer to the problem fist stated, the Montalban
government made sure that both colleges are still accessible.
ECONOMY
AGRICULTURE
As of 2000, from the total area planted; 62.3% or 770 hectares is devoted to
farming with an output of 3,338 metric ton of rice.
Since only the 392 hectares of irrigated rice were planted twice during the
year, the effective area was therefore computed at only 884 hectares and the
intensity of land use is 1.3 times for the same period.
Rice production of 3,338 metric ton represented 64.19 % of the total crop
output of 5,200.20 metric ton. In comparison, corn, root crops, and vegetables
accounted for only a combine produce of 28.77 %. Fruits produced 366.20 metric
ton or 7.042 % of the total.
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FISHERIES
MANUFACTURING
The LYON Textile Manufacturing has been in full operation since 1986
after a long time of not operating. It is located at Brgy San Jose. In addition,
Fortune and Abatex Textile Mills are also in area since 1989 and 1991
respectively. At present, LYON Textiles is not in operation.
Poultries and piggery farms were located around the town especially in
Barangay San Jose and Barangay San Rafael. In total, there are ten livestock farm
in the town. The following is the list of the livestock farm around the town:
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MINING
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INFRASTRACTURE
TRANSPORTATION
The road network consists of national road, municipal road and barangay
roads. Two roads connect Rodriguez to Metro Manila and its periphery from the
west. Through Batasan Hills, Quezon City, Rodriguez can be reached via E.
Rodriguez Highway that has a total length of 3.55 kilometers. One can also act get
to the town by passing through Marikina via J.P.Rizal and San Mateo by way of
the San Mateo-Rodriguez Road, which stretches 14.28 kilometers.
There are seven bridges within Rodriguez. Each one is made of concrete.
The largest bridge is the E. Rodriguez in Barangay San Jose which is 120
meters long and 15 meters wide. Constructed in 1977, it is made up of concrete and
has a loading capacity of 30 tons.
COMMUNICATIONS
POWER SUPPLY
Rodriguez has also Montalban Methane Gas Power Plant, which collects the
methane gas of landfill to generate electricity. It can generate 50 megawatts and
can supply 54,000 household.
WATER SUPPLY
WASTE DISPOSAL
Municipal and national roads are flanked by storm drainage and open canals
carrying waste to the river. A great majority of the residential house are equipped
with concrete septic tanks for sewage.
Other residents still do the common practices, which is bury or burn their
garbage in their properties. It is also observed that some people dump their garbage
right into the nearest creek or river and other conveniently opened areas. However
135
with increase in population, this would eventually lead to necessity of developing
an effective solid waste disposal system.
TOURISM
Road Construction
Montalban was in effect a veritable moon on earth years ago, with its bumpy
and dusty dirt roads. However, with the advent of new technology and engineering
ingenuity, the roads to Montalban can now be compared to facial wash user’s skin.
The concreting of roads has been Mayor Pedro Cuerpo’s first projects.
Now made more accessible, Montalban isn’t as far as it seemed to be. The
municipality can be reached via Marikina then San Mateo from Cubao, and
Batasan-San Mateo and Payatas Roads from Commonwealth. Public transportation
is easy to come by; however, getting a cab can be tricky.
Instead, transport terminals are fixed in certain areas, such as Wawa, where
there is terminal for jeepneys and FXs. There is also terminal in Sitio Ese Brgy.
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San Rafael that has jeepney rides going to Marikina City, and Philcoa and Cubao
in Quezon City.
Vehicles used for public transportation are regulated and monitored by the
Municipal Transport Service. Tricycles are color-coded with their own terminals,
making them easily identifiable. FXs and AUVs also follow the municipal
ordinance of terminal-to-terminal trips, with no stopovers in between terminals.
The ordinance will not only assure passenger’s safety, but also fairness because the
passengers pay the same amount of fare.
Mayor Cuerpo would like to have direct rides going to and from different
destinations. As much as possible, he would like to avoid having to take several
rides. It’s too much of hassle and expensive.
Engr. Jun Santos of the Office Planning and Design remarks that because of
the traffic difficulties along the old national highway which is Montalban’s only
main thoroughfare, the local government is implementing development projects in
line with easing traffic build-up. They see to it that a common public road, an
access road that will also decongest traffic along the main road, interconnects new
subdivisions. As an example he cites the existing side-by-side subdivisions, Celina
Homes, Marigold, and Dela Costa V in Brgy. Burgos. According to Santos, Mayor
Cuerpo made it a point to create an access road to A. Mabini Street going between
Celina Homes 4 and Marigold Subdivision going to Dela Costa and other future
Subdivisions within the area, and finally going out to E. Rodriguez Highway in
Brgy. San Jose. The access road may also lead to the Batasan Complex in Quezon
City. The road network will make sure the traffic won’t be stagnant along the main
road.
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In the future, they are also planning to create an access road along the
Montalban riverbank, which would be a riverside expressway from Montalban
going to San Mateo-Batasan Road. The expressway may be aligned with the
proposed C6 project and would be accessed not only by small vehicles but also of
the large trucks.
Montalban is slowly
opening up- the hills and
mountains isolating the municipality didn’t hinder its local government from
making steps toward development.
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quick getaway whenever they wished. Out-of-towners also flock certain popular
places such as the Avilon Zoo, the Wawa Dam, and much more.
Montalban’s land is blessed with serene scenery and a laid back environment that
the whole family will enjoy. This having-of-natural-features attracts people from
various places to spend their weekends or leisure hours that is slowly proving to be
strong points in Montalban, almost becoming the “new Tagaytay”. There are three
categories of tourist spots that we’ll be discussing.
Historical Sites – these are places in Montalban that hold significant historical
events, such as the declaration of independence from Spain by Andres Bonifacio
on April 12th.
Natural Destinations – These are the God-Given / natural sites that Montalban is
blessed with.
Pamitinan Cave
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The auspices of the National Library governed the Pamitinan Cave in 1923,
and was regarded by then the director Teodore M. Kalaw as “a cave transformed
into a hall filled with marvelously sculptured figures due to steady drip water from
the roof.”
The legendary mountain of Bernardo Carpio houses perhaps one of the most
recognized places in Rizal is the WAWA DAM. Built by the Americans in 1909,
the dam was originally a water supplier for Manila, until it closed in 1962 due to
unexplained deterioration of water supply.
The Avilon Zoological Park is the largest zoological park in the Philippines
to date. Nestled in the picturesque valley of Barrio San Isidro, Rodriguez (formerly
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Montalban),Rizal, Philippines, the 7.5-hectare land area of the Zoo was once raw
rice land.
AVILON had its un seeming beginnings when Mr. Jake Gaw, an avid
animal hobbyist who,at the age of four had his first encounter with animals while
staying at his grandpa's farm in Sta. Ana,Manila (still quite rural then) mingled
among goats, cows, pigs and chickens at the farm. This initial encounter would
make such a lasting impression on young Jake that he carried his interest in
animals from then on. Thus, from guppies and budgies, Jake over the years
extended and expanded his interest and collection to arapaimas and eagles and
lions and macaques, pythons,etc.
There are two, so to say, crossroads in the history of AVILON. The FIRST
was when Jake had to transfer his pet lion IO to a new home, because his neighbors
were concerned about the presence of a full-grown male lion living amongst them
inside a subdivision. This search for a new home to house IO led Jake to the scenic
countryside of San Isidro, Montalban (later to be called Rodriguez) in the Province
of Rizal where he decided to build a weekend place for his family and, of course,
IO and his other pets. It was 1992.
By 1994, the land within Avilon had been leveled and the concrete hollow
block perimeter walls finished. Several man-made lagoons and ponds were then
excavated, and the Big Lagoon where the Pavilion now stands is the largest,
comprising an area of 3,000 square meters. Construction of animal exhibits
followed, starting off with the Corrals where hoofed animals are being kept, the
Multi-Purpose Building (now the Herpetarium) and the Hexagonal Birdcages (now
the Avian Exhibit), followed by the Crocodiles and the Hornbills enclosures,and
many more.
Aside from steel and cement, the construction required tons of huge rocks,
river boulders and adobes of different textures, colors and shades, which were
sourced from quarries in Luzon and as far as Mindanao. Saplings of a wide variety
of native and exotic trees, bamboos, palms,epiphytes, vines and shrubs were also
acquired to create a natural setting to the once barren landscape. A greenhouse was
also built to house and propagate plants for landscaping use.
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Then the second turning point came in the person of Mrs. Teena Gaw who
had only a vague idea of what Mr. Jake Gaw was doing in Montalban. An
auspicious trip by Mrs. Teena Gaw to the construction site, some Avilon is a
perfect place to know more about Wildlife and Nature. Guided Tours and
Educational Fieldtrips offer guests/visitors a privilege to observe and know more
about the ecology and behavior of the animals, and how we can help conserve and
protect the threatened and endangered species, and also on how to help save and
protect our environment. Sometime in 1995, resulted ultimately in the decision to
develop the Weekend place into a Zoo. Thus Avilon Zoo was born.
From then onwards, Jake, the animal hobbyist had to literally transform
himself into Jake, the Zoo Administrator. It was a one-man-army task, so to say.
With helpful suggestions from Mrs. Teena Gaw and friends, the construction went
into high gear.
Avilon over the next years gradually "evolved" into a zoological and
botanical park.
Having had to decide a name for this wildlife sanctuary, Jake thought of
combining two French words: aves meaning of or
about birds, and lon meaning
land, to form the word
AVILON or LAND OF THE
BIRDS.
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Avilon Zoo is one of the zoos in Southeast Asia having the most diverse
representation of flora and fauna.
Visiting Avilon requires shelving out 200 Philippine Pesos for a guide tour
of the place, which is relatively cheap.
In addition to the most popular destination spots, there are more places to
see around a quaint Montalban. There is a Japanese Temple (which holds a
historical significance), the Rodriguez Ancestral Home (where the prominent
political historical figures’ artifacts are preserved and kept), Puray Falls Istampang
Bato, and the Lubog Lagoon, and the Overlooking site. There is also the Grotto, a
sacred where many people congregate especially during Holy Week, Anawim (a
nursing home for the aged), Cottolengo (an orphanage for special children), and
two Memorial Parks (namely: Montalban Memorial Park and the Forrest Lawn
Memorial Park) that spreads almost a hectare.
Montalban, Being the Resort Town as it is, there are myriads of popular
resorts you can choose from, such as Villa Alcantara, Villa Nativadad, Villa
Rowena, Villa Monica, CJ Gomez, Tom’s Resort, Josephine Resort and le ARMS.
Among the most popular restaurants in the vicinity that, as a visitor, must be
visited are Ivy Chris, Café Ignacio, Luyong Restaurant and Fordy’s Restaurant.
One may also enjoy strolling through the Municipal Plaza, renovated in the
year 2003, or enriching one’s vocabulary through reading at the Montalban Public
Library. Children of all ages spend leisure time in the Youth and Sport Centers,
which houses covered basketball courts. Six were built under Mayor Cuerpo’s
Administration, in Barangays Burgos, San Jose, San Rafael, and Rosario.
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The development of Montalban can be seen not only with the formation of
these structures. It should also be noted within these structures, the development of
the youth also takes place.
PURAY FALLS
One of the attactions there is the Puray Falls (known as Tungtong to the
locals). It’s a short hike, about 2 kilometers, from the barangay center.
From the point where the road crosses the river in Mabolo, we had to hike
upstream some 500 meters to the falls. A quick dip in the catch basin would be
enough to cool you down after the hike. Even on a sunny day, the water in the
catch basin is freezing.
GETTING THERE
There are two routes going to Puray - both of which will require that your
vehicle can handle a bit of punishment
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From barangay Mascap there is the river trail where have to cross the river
11 times. Difficult during the rainy season when the river swells and the road
disappears. There are jeepneys from Montalban that goes to Puray via this route
but the schedule is not consistent. Sometimes there is only 1 trip a day, the return
trip is always a challenge.
The other road (still from Mascap) takes you via the mountains. To say that
the road is terrible is an understatement, you'll need a 4x4 or a motorcycle to go via
this route. There are special tricycles (those with roofless sidecars) that go via this
route (Php 60 pesos one way fare from Montalban, limited number of trips a day).
If you missed the jeep or the tricycle for the return trip, you can also do what
the locals always do: walk to Mascap, just about 3 hours away.
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SOME OF THE NATURAL DESTINATION AND OVER-LOOKING SITES
IN RODRIGUEZ
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METROPOLIS FROM MT BALAGBAG RODRIGUEZ FROM LITEX ROAD
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BLUE WATER RESORT LUVERS RESORT
REFERENCES:
Montalban Magazine
www.batangmontalban.org
www.googleimage.com
RESEARCHERS:
Karen F. Plasabas
Daves G. Manangan
Gerald A. Magsakay
Famela Tibayan
Bernardino J. Sabando
Nathaniel M. Saavedra
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Vivialyn Joy M. Rebellon
Jenilyn M. Reyes
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