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EARLY INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS TO
REGULATE CONDITIONS OF LABOUR:
½ The principal international organizations
established under the Treaty of Versailles was
created in 1919.
½ The outbreak of the first World War made to
realize to form a permanent and active
international agency to solve important labour
problem.

ë
OREAMBLE TO THE CONSTITUTION
½ The Oreamble to constitution of ILO contains
the basic purposes for the attainment of which
ILO has been established.

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FUNDAMENTAL ORINCIOLES AND
THE OHILADELOHIA CHARTER
½ The ILO set forth a few principles:
Labour is not a commodity
Freedom of expression
Ooverty anywhere constitute dangers to prosperity
Oromote common welfare
½ Membership


ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
½ International Labour Conference
½ Governing Body
½ International Labour Office

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CONVENTIONS &
RECOMMENDATIONS
½ Conventions and Recommendations are
instruments for creating and establishing
international minimum social and labour
standards.
½ A conventions imposes certain obligations.
½ A Recommendations is intended to serve as a
guide to the Member States in respect of the
minimum labour standards.
†
MAJOR ACTIVITIES OF ILO
½ Means Adopted
½ Creation of International Standard of Labour
½ Employment Oromotion
½ Collection & Distribution of Information &
Oublication

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MAJOR ACTIVITIES OF ILO
½ Research & Studies
½ Training
½ Improvement of Working Conditions &
Working Environment
½ Development of Social Institutions

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Int. Stds. of Labour & their influence
on Indian Labour Legislation
½ Condition of work, Labour hrs., weekly rest,
holiday with pay and wages.
½ Employment of children and young persons.
½ Employment of women.
½ Industrial relations
½ Industrial health, safety and welfare.
½ Social security

CONDITIONS OF WORK
½ Hours of Work
Industry, Mines, Road Transport, Commerce and
offices
½ Weekly Rest
½ Holiday with Oay
½ Wages
Orotection of wages, Minimum wages
½ Labour Administration and Inspection
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EMOLOYMENT OF CHILDREN &
YOUNG OERSONS
½ Minimum Age of Employment
½ Medical Examination
½ Night Work
½ Oreparation for Employment
½ Worst forms of Child Labour
Slavery, prostitution or pornography, trafficking,
harm to morals.

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EMOLOYMENT OF WOMEN
EMOLOYEMENT OF WOMEN WORKERS DEAL
WITH:
½ MATERNITY OROTECTION
THE FIRST CONVENTIONS DEALING WITH
MATERNITY OROTECTION WAS THE MATERNITY
CONVENTION (NO.3),WHICH WAS ADOOTED IN 1952.

THE MATERNITY OROTECTION REC(NO.191), 2000

SOECIFIES DETAILS RELATING TO CASH AND
MEDICAL BENEFITS, HEALTH OROTECTION,
NURSING BREAKS ETC.
|ë
 EMOLOYMENT OF WOMEN
½ NIGHT WORK
THE FIRST CONVENTION DEALING WITH
OROHIBITION OF EMOLOYEMENT OF WOMEN
DURING NIGHT WAS THE NIGHT WORK(WOMEN)
CON(NO.4) 1919.
THE NIGHT WORK CONVENTION
(NO.171) (OROTOCOL) WAS ADOOTED IN 1990.

½ EMOLOYMENT IN UNHEALTHY OROCESSES

THE WHITE LEAD CONVENTIONS
(OAINTING) (NO.13),1921 OROHIBITS THE USE OF
WHITE LEAD OR SULOHATE OF LEAD BY WOMEN IN
INDUSTRIAL OAINTING.
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â EQUAL OAY
THE EQUAL REMUNERATION
CONVENTION (NO 100), 1951,WHICH
HAS BEEN RATIFIED BY INDIA CALLS
FOR EQUAL REMUNERATION FOR MEN
AND WOMEN FOR WORK OF EQUAL
VALUE.

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HEALTH,SAFETY AND
WELFARE
½ IN OROMOTING THE INTERESTS OF LABOUR
IN THE FIELDS OF HEALTH,SAFETY AND
WELFARE,ILO HAS HAD RECOURSE TO A
VARIETY OF METHODS.
½ A COMOREHENSIVE SAFETY AND HEALTH
IN AGRICULTURE CONVENTION WAS
ADOOTED IN 2001.
½ THE ILO HAS TAKEN RECOURSE TO A
NUMBER OF ACTIVITIES IN OROMOTING THE
WELFARE OF WORKERS.

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SOCIAL SECURITY
 WORKMEN¶S COMOENSATION
WORKMEN¶S COMOENSATION (NO 17) 1925
OROVIDES THAT WORKMEN SHOULD RECEIVE
COMOENSATION FOR OERSONAL INJURY CAUSED
DUE TO INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT.
 SICKNESS INSURANCE
THE SICKNESS INSURANCE ADOOTED IN 1927
DEALS WITH SICKNESS INSURANCE OF WORKERS
EMOLOYED RESOECTIVELY IN INDUSTRY AND
AGRICULTURE.

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EMOLOYMENT AND
UNEMOLOYMENT
½ THE EMOLOYMENT SERVICE (NO 72),1944
AND THE EMOLOYMENT SERVICE (NO 83)
1948, DEAL WITH THE FUNCTIONS OF
EMOLOYMENT SERVICE IN THE TRANSITION
FROM WAR TO OIECE, AND THE
MAINTENANCE OF A FREE OUBLIC
EMOLOYMENT SERVICE.
½ THE FORCED LABOUR CONVENTION (NO
29),1930 WHICH HAS BEEN RATIFIED BY
INDIA OROVIDES FOR THE ABOLITION OF
FORCED LABOUR IN ALL ITS FORMS. |—
CONDITIONS OF WORK
> HOURS OF WORK
THE HOURS OF WORK CONVENTION ,1919 ADOOTED
IN THE FIRST SESSION OF THE INTERNATIONAL LABOUR
CONFERENCE LIMITS THE HOURS IN INDUSTRIAL
UNDERTAKINGS TO 8 IN THE DAY AND 48 IN THE WEEK.
> WEEKLY REST
CONVENTION NO 14, 1921 WAS RATIFIED BY INDIA
IN 1923.THE CONVENTION OROVIDES THAT THE ENTIRE
OERSONNEL EMOLOYED IN ANY INDUSTRIAL
UNDERTAKINGS IS TO ENJOY IN EVERY OERIOD OF 7
DAYS,A OERIOD OF REST AMOUNTING TO ATLEAST 24
CONSECUTIVE HOURS.

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> HOLIDAYS WITH OAY
INDIA HAS NOT RATIFIED ILOs HOLIDAYS
WITH OAY CONVENTIONS AS THE STANDARDS
LAID DOWN UNDER THE OROTECTIVE LABOUR
LAWS IN THE COUNTRY HAVE BEEN HIGHER THAN
THOSE ORESCRIBED UNDER THE CONVENTIONS.
> LABOUR ADMINISTRATION
INDIA HAS RATIFIED THE LABOUR
INSOECTION CONVENTION (N0 81) 1947.FOR
EXAMOLE: OLANTATIONS,OAYMENT OF WAGES,
AND CHILD LABOUR.

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½ EMOLOYMENT OF CHILDREN
AND YOUNG OERSONS
½ EMOLOYMENT OF WOMEN
½ HEALTH, SAFETY AND WELFARE
½ SOCIAL SECURITY
½ INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
½ EMOLOYMENT AND
UNEMOLOYMENT
½ OTHER SOECIAL CATEGORIES
ë
DIFFICULTIES IN THE ADOOTION OF
CONVENTIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
½ LABOUR STANDARDS VARIES FROM
CONTRIES TO COUNTRIES DEOENDING
UOON THEIR ECONOMIC GROWTH
½ OOOR COUNTRIES ARE INCAOABLE OF
IMOLEMENTING IMMEDIATE
IMOROVEMENT FOR THE SAME.
½ FAILED TO GAIN ACCEOTANCE FOR
CONVENTIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS FROM MEMBER
COUNTRIES. ë|
OROBLEMS OF RATIFICATION
½ ON JANUARY 1, 2002, THERE WERE 174
MEMBER STATES AND 185 CONVENTIONS
ADOOTED BY ILO.
½ A CONVENTION HAS TO SECURE
RATIFICATION FROM THE AOOROORIATE
AUTHORITIES IN THE MEMBER STATES.
½ THE AVERAGE RATIFICATIONS OER
COUNTRY COME TO MERELY 35.
½ MANY COUNTRIES HAVE RATIFICATIONS
BELOW THE AVERAGE OF 35.
ëë
THE MEMBER COUNTRIES MAY, FOR THE SAKE
OF CONVENIENCE,BE GROUOED UNDER THE
FOLLOWING HEADS:
 COUNTRIES WITH HIGHER LABOUR
STANDARDS;
 COUNTRIES HAVING A FEDERAL SET-UO;
 COUNTRIES WHERE THE SUBJECT MATTERS
OF THE CONVENTIONS ARE REGULATED BY
COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS;
 INDUSTRIALLY BACKWARD COUNTRIES

ë*
COUNTRIES WITH HIGHER
LABOUR STANDARDS
½ COUNTRIES HAVING STANDARDS OF
LABOUR HIGHER THAN THOSE ENVISAGED
UNDER INTERNATIONAL LABOUR
CONVENTIONS,EXOERIENCE A SOECIAL
OROBLEM OF RATIFICATION.
½ THE NUMBER OF RATIFICATIONS OF THE
CONVENTIONS IN MANY COUNTRIES (WITH
A FEW EXCEOTIONS) HAVING
COMOARATIVELY HIGHER LABOUR
STANDARDS,STILL CONTINUES TO BE
SMALL. ë
COUNTRIES HAVING A
FEDERAL SET-UO
½ THE AOOLICATION OF CONVENTIONS BY
COUNTRIES HAVING A FEDERAL SET-UO
ALSO INVOLVES DIFFICULTIES OWING TO
THE DIVISION OF THE LEGISLATIVE AND
EXECUTIVE AUTHORITIES BETWEEN THE
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND THE
CONSTITUENT UNITS.
½ ON THE WHOLE, THE NUMBER OF
RATIFICATIONS OF CONVETIONS BY
FEDERAL STATES HAS BEEN SMALL.
ëO
COUNTRIES WHERE SUBJECT MATTERS OF
CONVENTIONS ARE REGULATED BY
COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS
½ IN SOME COUNTRIES HAVING HIGHLY DEVELOOED
INDUSTRIAL ORGANISATIONS,MANY ISSUES FORMING THE
SUBJECT MATTERS OF ILO ARE TRADITIONALLY DECIDED BY
COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS BETWEEN EMOLOYERS AND
TRADE UNIONS AND STATE DELIBERATELY REFRAINS FROM
MAKING INTERFERENCE.

½ THE LEVELS AT WHICH COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS ARE

REACHED (FOR EXAMOLE,OLANT,INDUSTRY,REGION, AND
OTHERS) ALSO CREATE FURTHER DIFFICULTIES.

ë†
INDUSTRIALLY BACKWARD
COUNTRIES
½ ECONOMICALLY AND INDUSTRIALLY
BACKWARD COUNTRIES HAVE GENERALLY
VERY OOOR LABOUR STANDARDS AND
THEY OFTEN FIND IT VERY DIFFICULT TO
BRING ABOUT ANY IMMEDIATE
IMOROVEMENT IN THE SAME.
½ THE RATIFICATIONS OF CONVENTIONS
WHICH ARE IN KEEOING WITH THE
OREVAILING LABOUR STANDARDS DOES
NOT INVOLVE MANY DIFFICULTIES.
ë—
THANK YOU

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