AQUEOUS SOLUTION

CHEMISTRY-EXERCISES
Q.3-1: What hydroxide concentration is
required to:
a) Initiate precipitation of Fe3+ from a
1.00x10-3 M solution of Fe2(SO4)3?
b) Lower the Fe3+ concentration in the
foregoing solution to 1.00x10-9 M?
Answer 3-1:
a) Ksp (Fe(OH)3) : 2.00x10-39
1.00x10-3 M Fe2(SO4)3
[Fe3+]= 2x1.00x10-3 M = 2.00x10-3 M

 K sp
[OH ]  3
2.10 3
[OH-]= 1.00x10-12 M

b) [Fe3+]= 1.00x10-9 M

 K sp
[OH ]  3
1.10 9 [OH-]= 1.00x10-10 M
Q.3-2: The solubility product for a series of iodides
are AgI (Ksp=8.3x10-17) and PbI2 (Ksp=7.1x10-9)
List these two compounds in order of decreasing
Molar solubility in:
a) water b) 0.10 M NaI c) a 0.010 M
solution of the solute cation.
Answer 3.-2: SPbI =? Ksp = 7.1x10-9
2

a)  Ag    I  
 
K sp  8.3 x1017  9.1x109 M

   2
K sp  Pb  2 I   4x 3  Pb   1.2 x10
2 3
M

PbI2 > AgI

b) PbI2 > AgI
 Ag  

K sp

6.5 x10 8
 6.5 x10 7 M
I 
 2 0.10

c) For AgI;  Pb  
2
K sp

7.1x109
 7 . 1x10 7

I 
 2
 0.10 2

For PbI2;  I    Ag 

K sp


8.3x10 17
0.010
 8.3x10 15 M

 I    Pb

K

sp
2


I   1

K sp

1 7.1x10 9
 4.2 x10  4 M
S PbI 2
2 2  Pb  2
2 0.010

PbI2 > AgI

Q.3-3: Calculate the hydronium ion concentration of
water at 100 °C.
Answer 3-3:
Kw (at 100°C) = 49x10 -14 H O  
3

49 x10 14  7 x10 7
Q.3-4: At 25°C, what are the molar H3O+ and OH-
concentrations in;
a) 0.0200M HOCl b)0.0860M CH3COONa
c) 0.120M NaOCl

K a  3 x10 8

 H 3O OCl 
 

Answer 3-4: a) 0.0200M HOCl  HOCl 

[H3O+]=[OCL-] and [HOCl]=0.0200-[H3O+] [H3O+] << 0.0200 then

3 x10 8 
H O 
3
 2

[H3O+] =2.4x10-5 M
0.0200
[OH-]=1x10-14 / 2.4x10-5 = 4.1x10-10 M
 CH 3COO   H 2O  CH 3COOH  OH 
b) 0.0860M CH3COONa?

CH COO   0.0860  OH 

3
  OH    CH COOH 

3

OH   2
Kb  

K w  CH 3COOH  OH 


1x1014
 10
Kb 
0.0860 Ka 
CH 3COO  
1.75 x105
5 .71x10

OH   7.01x10
 6
c) 0.120M NaOCl?

OCl   H 2O  HOCl  OH 

OH    HOCl 
 OCl   0.120  OH 
 

Kb  

K w  HOCl OH 


1x10 14
 7
OH 
 2
Ka 
OCl   3.0 x10 8
3.33 x10
Kb 
0.120

OH   2.0 x10

 4
M  H O   5.0 x10
3
 11
M