Etabs Flowchart: A.

Structural Analysis

1.0 Set the unit: click at the lower right, use KN-m
2.0Model Initialization: NO (to use the built-in Etabs Default) 1.1Grid Dimension (click Custom Grid Spacing to edit) 1.2Story Dimension (click Custom Story Data to edit) 3.0Define 3.1Material Property Name a. Click Conc Modify/Show Material Particular Units Used Type of Material Concrete comp. strength, fc Bending Reinf. Yield Stress, Fy Shear Reinf. Yield Stress, Fy Mass per Unit Volume Weight per Unit Volume Modulus of Elasticity Poissons Ratio Coeff. of Thermal Expansion Remarks KN-m Isotropic (usually used for RC and steel) Example Value KN-m Isotropic 27579 413685 275730 2.4007 23.5616 24821128 0.2 9.900E-0.6

= 4730 x sqrt (fc inMPa) x 1000

*Conversion from concrete cube (fcu) to cylinder strength (fc) using LHermite formula: fc = 0.76 + 0.2 log (fcu / 2840) where: fcu in psi example: therefore: fcu = 40MPa = 5801.51psi fc = 0.822 * fcu = 32.88MPa

3.2Frame Section a. Click Add Rectangular (arrow down the second dialog box at the right ), then click Modify/Show Material b. Modify Concrete Reinforcement (There are two tabs in the reinforcement data dialog box. They are labeled column and beam. Pick the tab that corresponds to the frame section you are defining.) For beams: input As (area of steel reinf.) at reinforcement overrides for ductile beams for investigation. Otherwise, leave it at default values, 0 c. Set Property Modifier: Input modification factor for moment of inertia (for crack section, usually 0.7 for columns & 0.5 for beams) 3.3Wall/Slab/Deck Section

a. Click Add Deck or Wall or Slab (arrow down the dialog box at the

right ), then click Modify/Show Material b. Type thickness for membrane and bending (same thickness) c. Choose the type to be used: Click Shell Type Behavior (Out-plane stiffness is provided for the section) usually used for cantilever slabs and walls Click Membrane Type Behavior (Only in-plane membrane stiffness is provided for the section) usually used for slab Click Plate Type Behavior (Combination of Out-plane and inplane stiffness is provided for the section)

4.0 For Dynamic Analysis: Define Response Spectrum Function define UBC97 &
add UBC97 Spectrum 5.0Define Static Load Case Name Load Dead Live EQX EQY Type Dead Live Quake Quake Self Wt. Multiplier 1 0 0 0 Auto Lat. Load UBC97 UBC97

5.1 Choose EQX then click Modify Lateral Load 5.2 Direction & Eccentricity = X-dir. + Eccen Y
Particular Referen ce Eccentricity Ratio Time Period 1630.2.2 UBC Constant 0.05 Steel = 0.035 RC = 0.030 Other = 0.020 Top Most level to Ground Floor only SMRF for Steel & RC = 8.5 Per Code SC 0.4 B 208.5.2.2 NSCP Referenc e Constant 0.05 Steel = 0.0853 RC = 0.0731 Other = 0.0488 Top Most level to Ground Floor only SMRF for Steel & RC = 8.5 Per Code SC 0.4 B

Story Range

Overstrength Factor, R Seismic Coefficient: Soil Profile Seismic Zone Factor Near Source

16-N

208-11

16-J 16-I 16-U

208-2 208-3 208-6

Factor Distance to Source (Km) Importance Factor, I

10 16-K 1 208-1

10 1

5.3 Choose EQY then click Modify Lateral Load 5.4 Direction & Eccentricity = Y-dir. + Eccen X
5.5Copy constant used for EQX

6.0For Dynamic Analysis: Define 6.1add new spectrum Mark Spectrum Case Name Damping Modal Combination Directional Combination Input Response Spectra Excitation Angle Override Eccentricity

Response Spectrum Case Data x-direction Specx 0.05 CQC SRSS U1 = 1 (scale factor) 0 0 y-direction Specy 0.05 CQC SRSS U2 = 1 (scale factor) 0 0

7.0Load Combination (ultimate design due to earthquake based on NSCP) 7.1Based on NSCP: Comb1: 1.4DL Comb2: 1.4DL + 1.7LL Comb3: 1.3DL + 1.1LL + 1.1EQX Comb4: 1.3DL + 1.1LL - 1.1EQX Comb5: 1.3DL + 1.1LL + 1.1EQY Comb6: 1.3DL + 1.1LL - 1.1EQY Comb7: 1.42DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EQX Comb8: 1.42DL + 1.0LL - 1.0EQX Comb9: 1.42DL + 1.0LL + 1.0EQY Comb10: 1.42DL + 1.0LL - 1.0EQY 7.2Based on UBC97: cas DL LL e 1 1.40 1.70 2 1.40 1.70 3 1.05 1.275 4 1.05 1.275 5 1.40 6 1.32 0.55 7 1.20 0.5 Where: LLr 1.70 1.70 1.275 1.275 0.5 E WL H T 1.05 1.40 F 1.40 1.40 1.05 1.54 -

1.70 1.30 1.10 1.30 DL = deadload LL = liveload LLr = roof liveload E = earthquake WL = windload

H = Earth pressure T = effects due to creep, shrinkage, thermal gradients and differential settlement F = fluid loads Where dead and live load are beneficial, the following shall apply: cas DL LL LLr E WL H T F e 2R 0.90 1.70 1.40 3R 0.90 1.30 6R 0.90 1.10 8.0Special Seismic Load Effect (check reliability /redundancy factor) 8.1 Rho Factor reliability /redundancy factor choose program calculated 8.2Omega factor 2.8 9.0Define Mass Source 9.1From Loads define mass multiplier (DL &SDL = 1) 9.2Uncheck include lateral mass only 9.3Checked Lump lateral mass at story levels 10.0 Draw & Assigned 10.1 Column (elev. view - easier to draw) 10.2 Column check column orientation in plan view If adjustment is needed select columns at elev. view, click Assign, Frame/Line, Local Axes and type the desire angle 10.3 Wall (elev. view - easier to draw) 10.4 Joint/Point Restraint (support) fixed (click joint at base level for footing Support columns & walls) 10.5 Shell/Area Pier Label (for design of walls) 10.6 Beams & Girders (plan view easier to draw) 10.7 Frame line Frame Releases/Partial Fixity check Moment 2-2 & 3-3 for pin connection (intermediate beams) 10.8 Slab (plan view easier to draw) - please ensure proper meshing, as much as possible use only 3 to 4 point nodes in modelling slabs element. 10.9 Assigned Diaphragm Select all elements (plan view per floor) Assign\Shell/Area\Rigid Diaphragm, select D1 11.0 Assigned Loads 11.1 Select area assign shell/area loads - uniform 11.2 Select line assign frame/line loads point or uniform loads 11.3 Select point assign joint/point load joint forces 12.0 Analyze set analysis option 12.1 Building Active Degrees of Freedom checked full 3D 12.2 Check Dynamic Analysis if applicable 12.2.1Dynamic Parameters used Eigenvectors 12.2.2No.of modes - check if structure is 90% participated for static 12.3 P-Delta effect - check if applicable 13.0 Analyze check model checked all boxes for checking 14.0 Run Analysis

15.0 Verify Analysis - File Last Analysis Run Log check for warnings messages 16.0 Check graph of storyshear, Display Show Story Response Plots choose
Story Shears. Curve should be gradual curve 17.0 Check period, T: File Print Tables Summary Reports scroll down Modal Period and Frequencies, T for mode 1 should be </+ 5secs. 18.0 Check Mode Shape: 18.1 File Print Tables Summary Reports scroll down Modal Participating Mass Ratios Rotation for Mode 1 and 2 should be minimal. 18.2 Check movement at plan view, at the upper most level: Display Show Mode Shape rotation should not occur on Mode 1 and 2 19.0 Check modal participation, static should be at least 90% participated File Print Table Summary Report scroll down from Modal Load Participation Ratios 20.0 Modify scale factor for dynamic analysis: 20.1 File Print Table Summary Report scroll down - from Total Reactive Forces (Recovered Loads) @ Origin, compare the following: Quake X versus SpecX (FX) Quake Y versus SpecY (FY) Quake X versus SpecXY (FX) Quake Y versus SpecXY (FY) 20.2 Compute scale factor Scale factor-1 = Quake X / Spec X Scale factor-2 = Quake Y / Spec Y 20.3 Adjust scale factor A . Define Response Spectrum Case SpecX - Modify /show Spectrum change scale factor as computed above B. Define Response Spectrum Case SpecY - Modify /show Spectrum change scale factor as computed above Note: Upon adjustment of scale factor, Static (Quake) should be almost equal with Dynamic (Spec) 21.0 Check story drift File Print Tables Summary Reports scroll down Story Drift B. Concrete Frame Design

1.0 Design Concrete Frame Design Select Design Combo choose the desire
load combination to be used for design, used the add or remove icon to choose. 2.0 Design Concrete Frame Design Start Design/Check of Structure 3.0 Design Concrete Frame Design Display Design Info Longitudinal Reinforcing defined as As in mm2: # rebars = As / As1 where As1 = area of one reinf. bar in mm2 Shear Reinforcing defined as As/meter in mm2/m: Spacing, s = As1/As where As1 = area of one reinf. bar in mm2 Torsion Reinforcing

4.0