Biodiversity

What is biodiversity?

Biodiversity is also know as biological diversity

Biodiversity refers to wide variety of organisms on earth

LIVING THINGS

ANIMALS

PLANTS

Biodiversity
Observe the biodiversity in this rainforest

Classification of Animals
There are two main groups of animals:
Animals

Vertebrates

Invertebrates

Animal with backbones

Animal without backbones

CLASSIFICATION OF INVETEBRATES

Invertebrates
With jointed legs 3 pairs of leg 4 pairs of legs Without jointed legs Segmented body Non-segmented body

More than 4 pairs of legs

Invertebrates
More than 90% of animals are invertebrates Since invertebrates have no backbone, they are usually small in size.

Examples: Inserts such as ants, butterflies, flies, and cockroaches Spiders Crabs Prawns Worms Mollusks such as snails

Classification of vertebrates
Vertebrates

Amphibians Fish

Birds Mammals

Reptiles

Vertebrates
Smaller group compared to invertebrates. However, we are more familiar with this group of animals Since vertebrates have backbone to support their weight, many vertebrates are large in size

AMPHIBIANS Common characteristics of amphibians Body covered with moist skin Adults can live on land and water

Toad

Adults breathe with lung on land and through moist skin when in water Cold-blooded (body temperature changes with the surrounding temperature) Lay eggs covered with jelly-like substance Young amphibians live in water and breathe through gills Carry out external fertilization (eggs are fertilized outside the female body) Examples : Toad , frog and salamander
Salamander

BIRDS Common characteristics of birds

Body covered with feathers

Have wings and beak Breathe with lungs

Warm-blooded (body temperature remains constant)

Lay eggs with hard shells

Carry out internal fertilization (eggs are fertilized inside the female body) Examples : Chicken, birds, duck, penguin

REPTILES Common characteristics of reptiles Body covered with hard and dry scales for protection Breathe with lungs Cold-blooded (body temperature changes with surrounding temperature) Lay eggs with leathery shells Carry out internal fertilization (eggs are fertilized inside the female body) Examples : snake, crocodile, lizards, tortoises

Crocodile Tortoises Snake

FISH Common characteristics of fish Body covered with slimy scales for protection Have fins and tail to swim Streamlined bodies to swim well Breathe through gills Cold-blooded (body temperature changes with the surrounding temperature) Lay eggs Carry out external fertilization (eggs are fertilized outside the female body) Examples : shark, clown fish, pomfret, seahorse

MAMMALS Common characteristics of mammals Body covered with hair or fur Breathe with lungs Warm-blooded (body temperature remains constant) Give birth to live young Carry out internal fertilization (eggs are fertilized inside the female body) Young mammals feed on milk from their mothers mammary glands Examples :Tiger, elephant, whale, camel, cats, do
Camel Orangutan

Elephant

Rhinoceros
Tiger

DISCUSSION
1.0 What is the difference between vertebrates and invertebrates? 2.0 Which type of vertebrates breath through lungs? 3.0 Which type of vertebrates lay eggs? 4.0 Which type of vertebrates has cold-blooded? 5.0 State three similarities between birds and mammals 6.0 A whale is classified as a mammal and not a fish. Give three reasons for this. 7.0 Frog can breath both on land and in water. How can frogs do so?

CONCLUSION

1.0 There is a large variety of animals on the Earth. It can be said that there is diversity among animals 2.0 These animals differs from one another in size, shape and appearance 3.0 Invertebrates are animals which do not have back bones and most of them are insect. 4.0 Invertebrates are usually very small because they do not have backbones to support heavy weight. 5.0 Vertebrates are animals with backbones and can differentiate

Reference 1.0 Text book science form 1 2.0 Science process skills form 1( Longman)

Classification of Plants
Plants Flowering Plants
Examples

Non-flowering Plants
Examples

Non-flowering plants
Further divided to conifers, ferns, mosses, and algae Conifers Reproduce by seeds produced in cones

Have needle-like leaves

Have stems, roots and needle- like leaves Example: casuarinas, pine

Ferns
Reproduced by spores on the underside of leaves Have stems, leaves and roots Example: Birds nest fern, stags horn fern

 Mosses Reproduce by spores produced in capsules Have simple stems and tiny leaves but no true roots Example: White moss

Algae
Very simple plants No proper roots, stems, leaves

Example: Seaweed

Flowering plants
Produce flower for reproduction Flower fruits and seeds new plants Based on the seeds they produce, flowering plants can be further divided into 2 groups
Flowering plants

Monocotyledons

Dicotyledons

Have seeds with one cotyledon

Have seeds with two cotyledon

Have fibrous roots

Leaves have parallel veins Non- woody stems

Have tap roots

Leaves have a network of veins

Woody stems

FOLIO THEME MAN AND THE VARIETY OF LIVING THINGS CHAPTER 5 BIODIRVERSITY TITLE THE CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS
NAME : __________________________ CLASS : __________ IC NUMBER : ______________ YEAR : 2009

CONTENT
1. Introduction 2. Objective 3. Concept map Classification Of Animals 4. Invertebrates 4.1 Definition 4.2 Characteristics Features Of Animal 4.3 Example Of Invertebrates Animals 5. Vertebrate 5.1 Definition 5.2 The Main Characteristics of five groups of vertebrates 5.2.1) Mammals 5.2.2) Birds 5.2.3) Reptile 5.2.4) Amphibian 5.2.5) Fish 6. Discussion 7. Conclusion 8. References