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: -

1 :
(
)
f (x) = ln x3 7x2 + 16x 12 .
:
) f
) f .
)
(
(
)
(
)
) ln x3 7x2 + 16x 12 = ln x2 4 + ln5 + ln x2
x+2
2

) ef (6)2f (4) ex > ex + ex+1 + lne2


) 2ef (6)2f (4) ex < e2x
( : (pana1333) )

2 :
1
2
f (x) = 4 2 + ln x ln
x R.
)
( 1 ).
)
( ) f (x) + f x = 0.
) f e2 = 15 R.
( )
) = 1 2f (x) + f x1 6
( : (hlkampel

3 :
f f (x) = x + ln(ex 3).
i) .
ii) f (ln4) f (ln5)
iii) f (x) > ln2 + ln(ex 2)
( : (xr.tsif ) )

4 :
f f (x) = ln (ex + 1).
1) f
2)
( f
) R.
3) f
3x = f (x).
4) f (2x) > f (x)
5) f (x) = f (x) x xR
( : (pana1333) )

5 :

{ 3
}
x x2 5x + 6, x < 1
f f (x) =
.
x 1 + lnx, x 1
) f (1) = f (2), .
) =2
i) f (x) 0 x 1.
ii) f (x) = 0.
iii) f((
(x))<) 0 x < 1.
x
iv) f 12
= xln2 x 0.
v) f (x) x + 1 = 0 x [0, ]
1

( : (pana133) )

6 :
(
)
(
)
(
)
P (x) = 2 + ln4 x3 3 + ln3 x2 + + ln2 x + 1 + ln3
, x R > 0.
. > 0 0 ().
. = 1 :
) P (x)
( : (x)1).
) P ex + 2 = 0
( : (hlkampel) )

7 :

f (x) = log( x2 + 1 x)
) .
) f .
) y = 2
( : )

8 :
) g (x) = ex x 1 g (x) 0 xR
f (x) = ln (ex x).
1) f .
2) g .
3) x12 1 x2 xR
e
4) lnx x 1 x > 0.
) h (x) = lnx x + 1.

( )

(x1)2

1) h x1 + h (x) = x , x > 0.
2) h (x) = x + 1 + ln3 x
) 1 = 2x,2 = f (x) + ln2, 3 = ln4.
1) x .
2) 5 .
( : (pana1333) )

9 :
P (x) = 2x3 + x2 + x 1
2
Q (x) = (1 x)
f (x) = ln (P (x))
) .
) =-5 =4
1) f .
2) f (x) = 2ln |x 1| + ln (2x 1)
3) P (x) = 0.
3
4) eP (x)+2 e2x = 0.
5) 9
1 = P (1) , 2 = P (2) , 3 = P (1) + 18.
2
2011
6) ln (P (x) + 1) + ln (P (x) + 1) + .... + ln (P (x) + 1)
= 0.
7) ln (Q (x)) + ln2 (Q (x)) + ..... + ln2011 (Q (x)) = 0.
2

( : (pana1333) )

10 :
(
)x (
)x
f (x) =
5+1 +
51
)
) f
) f (x) > 2
) f (x)
( = )12 f (x) = 2
) f 2 x (2 )

) f ( x) = f x2 + ln x
( : (m.papagrigorakis) )


1:
) x3 2x2 5x2 + 10x + 6x 12 = x2 (x 2) 5x(x 2) + 6(x 2) =

(x 2)(x2 5x + 6) = (x 2)(x 2)(x 3) = (x 2)2 (x 3), (1)


:x3 7x2 + 16x 12 > 0 (x 2)2 (x 3) > 0 x (3, )
Df = (3, )
) x1 , x2 (3, + ) x1 < x2 .
2
2
x1 3 < x2 3 (x1 2) < (x2 2) .
2
2
(x1 3) (x1 2) < (x2 3) (x2 2) f (x1 ) < f (x2 ).
f (3, + )
(
)
(
)
(
)
)ln x3 7x2 + 16x 12 = ln x2 4 + ln5 + ln x2
x+2
(
)
(
)
( 3
)
x2
ln x 7x2 + 16x 12 = ln (x2 4) 5 x2
=
ln
(x

2)(x
+
2)

x+2
x+2 =
(
)
ln 5(x 2)2 (x 2)2 (x 3) = 5(x 2)2 (x = 2 x 3 = 5) (x = 2 x = 8)
x = 2. x = 8.
) :

f (6) = ln(48) f (4) = ln4,


f (6) 2f (4) = ln(48) 2ln4 = ln(48) ln(16) = ln

48
= ln3.
16

ef (6)2f (4) = eln3 = 3.


lne2 = 2lne = 2.
:
2
ex + ex+1 + ex < 1, R.
2
x 0 :ex 1 ex+1 e ex 0
2
ex + ex+1 + ex e + 1 > 1
x < 0 :
2
ex > 0 ex+1 > 0 ex > 1
ek > 0, k R x < 0 x2 > 0.
2
ex + ex+1 + ex > 1.
R
) f (6) = ln(48) f (4) = ln4,

f (6) 2f (4) = ln(48) 2ln4 = ln(48) ln(16) = ln


3

48
= ln3.
16

ef (6)2f (4) = eln3 = 3.


:

e2x + ex 6 > 0 (ex )2 + ex 6 > 0 (ex + 3)(ex 2) > 0 :


(ex + 3 > 0 ex 2 > 0) (ex > 3 ex > 2) (x R x > ln2)

(ex + 3 < 0 ex 2 < 0) (ex < 3 ex < 2) R.


x > ln2.
( : )

2:
)
:
{
{

x>0
lnx = 0

x>0

Df = (0, 1) U (1, + )
x = 1
( )
1
1
1
2k
1
2k
) f (x) + f
= 4 2 +k lnx
+ 4 2 +k ln 1 =
x
lnx
x ln x
k
k
1
1
2
2
= 4 2 +k lnx
4 2 +k lnx +
=0
lnx
lnx
k
( )
1
1
2
1
) f e2 = 4 2 +k lne2
= 2 4 2 +k 2k = 15
2
lne
2
2 22k+1 12 2k 15 = 0 4 22k 12 2k 15 = 0
4u2 12 u 15 = 0 u = 2, u = 15
8
u = 2 2k = 2 k = 1
) k = 1:
2
f (x) = 8lnx +
. :
lnx
( )
1
4
2
2
2f (x) + f
= 16lnx +
8lnx
= 8lnx +
6
x
lnx
lnx
lnx
2
8lnx + lnx
6 0.
lnx = u :
2
8u2 6u + 2
8u + 6 0
0
u(
u
)
u 8u2 6u + 2 0 u = 0 . 8u2 6u + 2 > 0 < 0 =8 > 0.
:

u(8u2 6u + 2) 0 u 0
u < 0 lnx < 0 lnx < ln1 x < 1
( : (vanalex) )

3:
) ex 3 > 0 ex > 3 x > ln 3
Df = (ln 3, +)(
)
) f (ln 4) = ln 4 + (ln eln 4 ) 3 = ln 4 + ln (4 3) = ln 4 + ln 1 = ln 4

f (ln 5) = ln 5 + ln eln 5 3 = ln 5 + ln (5 3) = ln 5 + ln 2 = ln 10
ln 10 > ln 4 f (ln 5) > f (ln 4)
) f (x) > ln 2 + ln (ex 2) , (1) ex 2 > 0 x > ln 2
x > ln 3
x > ln 3 (1) :
4

x + ln (ex 3) > ln 2 + ln (ex 2) ln ex + ln (ex 3) > ln [2 (ex 2)]


(
)
ln x1
ln e2x 3ex > ln (2ex 4) e2x 3ex > 2ex 4
e2x 5ex + 4 > 0 (ex 4) (ex 1) > 0
ex < 1 x < 0 () ex > 4 x > ln 4
x (ln 4, +)
( : (hlkampel) )

4:
ex >0,xR

x R Af = R , Af f
1) ex + 1 > 0
2)
ex

+1

x1 , x2 Af = R x1 < x2 ex1 < ex2 ex1 + 1 < ex2 + 1 f (x1 ) < f (x2 ) f
R.
(
)
f (.o)f :11

3) f
3 x = f (x)
3 x = x : (1)
x0 R x0 = 0
2

x0 + x0 =1

x0 =0
2 x0 + 2 x0 =0

3 x0 = x0 x0 = 0
1 = 0 ().

:x
x
: 3 x = x 3 = x x = 3 x = 6

x = k + , k Z
6

4) f (2x) > f (x)

f (.o)

2x > x x > 0
(

5) : f (x) = ln (ex + 1) = ln e1x

ln (ex + 1) ln ex

f (x)=ln(ex +1),ln ex =x

)
( x ) ln
+ 1 = ln e e+1
x

1
2

=ln 1 ln 2 ,1 ,2 (0,+)

f (x) = f (x) x
( : )

5:
3
). f (1) = f (2) 0 = (2) {
a (2)2 5 (2) + 6 4a = 8 a = 2

x3 2x2 5x + 6, x < 1
x 1 + lnx, x 1
x 1 : f (x) = lnx + x 1 f :
x1 < x2 lnx1 < lnx2 (1)
x1 < x2 x1 1 < x2 1 (2).
(1) (2) x1 < x2 f (x1 ) < f (x2 )
x 1 f (x) f (1) f (x) 0.
(
)
ii) x < 1 : f (x) = 0 x3 2x2 5x + 6 = 0 (x 1) x2 x 6 = 0
x1 = 1, x2 = 3, x3 = 2
x = 2.
x 1 : f (x) = lnx + x 1
x = 1
iii) x < 1 : f (x) = x3 2x2 5x + 6 = (x 1) (x 3) (x + 2) < 0
x < 1 f (2, 1) ( , 2).
x ( , 2)
( )2x
( )x
( )x
( )3x
(( )x )
2 12
5 12 + 6 = ln 12
= xln2 12
iv) x 0 : f 12
).i) a = 2 f (x) :

( )x
( )x ( )0
u3 2u2 5u + 6 = lnu u = 1 12 = 1 21 = 12 x = 0
v) 0 x : |x| 1 1 x 1
x 1 x = 0 .
x < 1 : f (x) = 3 x 2 2 x 5x + 6 . :
f (x) x + 1 = 0 3 x 2 2 x 6x + 7 = 0

(
)
u3 2u2 6u + 7 = 0 (u 1) u2 u 7 = 0 u1 = 1, u2,3 = 12 29
x = 1 x = 0
( : (vanalex) )

6:
. 0 :

ln2 a

a(2 + ln4 a 3a ) 3ln3 a + a + ln2 a + 1 + ln3 a = 0 ln4 a 2ln3 a + ln2 a 2a + 1 = 0


ln2 a 2lna + 1 + (a 1)2 ln2 a (lna 1)2 + (a 1)2 = 0


{
{ 0
{ :
lna (lna 1) = 0
lna = 0 lna = 1
a=1a=e

a1=0
a=1
a=1
a = 1.
.) a = 1 :
P (x) = x3 3x2 + x + 1
1
Horner
1

-3
1
-2

1
-2
-1

1
-1
0

P (x) = (x 1) x2 2x 1

)
P (x)

= 0

x = 1, x = 1 + 2, x = 1 2
ex + 2= 1, ex + 2 = 1 + 2, ex + 2 = 1 2
ex = 1 2, ex = 1, ex = 1 2 2
.
x = 0.
( : (vanalex) )

7:
)

{
{
x 0 x 0 < 1 x2 + 1
x (, 0]
x (, 0]
(
)2

2
2
x > 0
1 > 0, x (0, +)
x + 1 > x , x (0, +)
x2 + 1 > x2

x2 + 1 x > 0, x R Af = R
)

x R = Af

(
)

f (x) = log
(x) + 1 + x

x R = Af

R
=
A

(
) (
)

(
)
2+1+x
2+1x

x
x

f (x) = log

x2 + 1 + x
f (x) = log

x2 + 1 x
x Af = R

x R = Af

x R = Af

(
)2

2
1

x +1 x

f (x) = log 2

f (x) = log
x +1x
x2 + 1 x

x R = Af
x R = Af

k =k log ,>0,kR
log

(
)
(
)

f (x) = log
2+1x
2
f
(x)
=

log
x
x +1x

x R = Af

f (x) = f (x)
f
)

(
(
)

)
log
y = log
x2 + 1 x
x2 + 1 x = 2

y=2
y=2
{
{
x2 + 1 x = 102
x2 + 1 = 100 + x

y=2
y=2
{ 2
{ 2
2
2

x + 1 = 10.000 + 200x + x
x + 1 = (100 + x)
x 100
100 + x0

y=2
y=2

{
9999

x = 200 100
200x = 9999
x 100

x 100

y=2
y=2
(
)
():y=2
9999
Cf () = M
,2
200
( : )
)

8:
) 1) ex x > 0 ex x 1 > 1 > 0 g (x) > 0

xR
Af = R
g(x)0,xR

2) g (0) = e0 0 1 = 1 1 = 0
min g = g (0) = 0

3) : g (x) 0, x R ex x 10, x R
xRx2 (,0]R,xx2 ex2

x2

10, x R

ex =

1
1
2
1 x2 , x R
2 + x 1 0, x R . . .
x
e
ex2
4)
7

1
2
ex

g (x) 0, x R ex x 1 0, x R
xx1 ex1 (x 1) 1 0, x R ex1 x + 1 1 0, x R
ln,x(0,+)

ln ex1 ln x, x (0, +)
ex1 x, x R
log x =x x 1 ln x, x (0, +) ln x x 1, x (0, +)
)
1)(
)

( )
h(x)=ln xx+1
1
1
1
=
+ h (x)
ln
+ 1 + ln x x + 1 =
h
x
x
x
ln( x1 )=ln 1ln x=0ln x
1
ln x x + 1 + ln x x + 1 =
( )
1
2x 1 x2
x2 2x + 1
1
(x 1)2
2 x=
=
... h
+ h (x) =
, x (0, +)
x
x
x
x
x
2)
{ :

{
h (x) = x + 1 + ln3 x h(x)=ln xx+1 ln x x + 1 = x + 1 + ln3 x

x (0, +)
x (0, +)
{
{
( 2
)
3
ln x ln x = 0
ln x ln x 1 = 0
...

x (0, +)
x (0, +)
{
{
ln
x
=
0
x=1

2
ln x = 1
ln x 1 = 0 . . .

x (0, +)
x (0, +)
x
=
1
>
0

x = e1 > 0
1

. . . x = 1, , e

e
x=e>0

x (0, +)
) : 1) 1 , 2 , 3 .O.A. 22 = 1 + 3
f (x)=ln(ex x),ln 4=ln 22 =2 ln 2

1 =2x,2 =f (x)+ln 2,3 =ln 4

2 [f (x) + ln 2] = 2x + ln 4

:2

2 [ln (ex x) + ln 2] = 2x + 2 ln 2 ln (ex x) + ln 2 = x + ln 2


ln (ex x) = x ex x = ex x = 0
f (0)=ln(e0 0)=ln 1=0
=
x = 0 1 = 0, 2 = f (0) + ln 2
ln 2 = ln 2 0 = ln 2
2)

5
[21 + (5 1) ]
2
1 =0,=ln 2 S = 5 4 ln 2 . . . S = 10 ln 2
5
5
2
S5 =

( : )

9:
2
2
) P (x) Q (x) = (1 x) = (x 1)
R (x) = x + :

P (x) = Q (x) R (x) ( 2x3 + x2 +


x 1 = (x 1)2 (x + )
)
2x3 + x2 + x 1 = x2 2x + 1 (x + )
2x3 + x2 + x 1 = x3 + x2 2x2 2x + x +

= 1
= 1

= 2
= 4
2x3 + x2 + x 1 = x3 + ( 2) x2 + ( 2) x +

= 5

=2
=2
2
) = 5, = 4 P (x) = (x 1) (2x 1)

{
(
)
x = 1
x = 1
1
2
Af =
1) P (x) > 0 (x 1) (2x 1) > 0

, 1 (1, +)
x > 1
2
2x 1 > 0
2
[
]
2
2
2) f (x) = ln (P (x)) = ln (x 1) (2x 1) = ln (x 1) + ln (2x 1)
f (x) = 2 ln |x 1| + ln (2x 1)
2

3) P (x) =
0 (x 1) (2x 1) = 0
{

x 1 = 0

2x 1 = 0

x = 1

x = 1
2

x = 2 +

x = 2 + , Z
x = 2 + , Z
2
2
x = 2 +

x =
x = 2 + , x = 2 + , Z

6
6
6
x = 2 +

, Z
2

, Z
6
5
, Z
6

3
3 e 11
4) eP (x)+2 e2x = 0 eP (x)+2 = e2x

x=1
2
3
3
2
3
P (x) + 2 = 2x 2x 5x + 4x 1 + 2 = 2x . . . 5x 4x 1 = 0 . . .
x = 1
5
5) 1 = P (1)

P (x)=(x1)2 (2x1)P (1)=0

3 = P (1) + 18

P (x)=(x1) (2x1)P (1)=12

1 = 0 , 2 = P (2)

P (x)=(x1)2 (2x1)P (2)=3

2 = 3 ,

3 = 6

1 =0,=3
9
[21 + (9 1) ]
S9 = 108
2
2
2011
6)
= 0{
{ ln (P (x) + 1) + ln (P (x) + 1) + . . . ln (P (x) + 1)
ln (P (x) + 1) (1 + 2 + . . . + 2011) = 0
ln (P (x) + 1) + 2 ln (P (x) + 1) + . . . 2011 ln (P (x) + 1) = 0

P (x) + 1 > 0
2x3 5x2 + 4x 1 + 1 > 0
{
P (x) + 1 = 1
( 2
)
x 2x 5x + 4 > 0

{
{
2
x = 1 > 0 x = 1 > 0
2
P (x) = 0
(x 1) (2x 1) = 0
=2532=7<02x 5x+4>0

...

x>0
x>0
x>0

= 2 1 = 3 0 = 3 : S9 =

7) ln (Q (x)) + ln2 (Q (x)) + . . . + ln2011 (Q (x)) = 0

[
]
ln (Q (x)) 1 + ln (Q (x)) + . . . + ln2010 (Q (x)) = 0 : (1)
{
{
{
{

(x 1)2 = e
Q (x) = e
x=1 e
x1= e
) ln (Q (x)) = 1

Q (x) > 0
x = 1
x = 1
(x 1)2 > 0
2010
: 1 + ln (Q (x)) + . . . + ln
(Q (x)) = 2011 (1)

{
2

2011 ln (Q (x)) = 0 ln (Q (x)) = 0 Q (x) = 1 (x 1) = 1 x 1 = 1

x=0
x=2

ln2011 (Q (x)) 1
(1) ln (Q (x)) 1

{
{
{
{
ln (Q (x)) = 0
Q (x) = 1
x 1 = 1
(x 1)2 = 1
ln2011 (Q (x)) 1
ln (Q (x)) = 0

ln (Q (x)) 1
Q (x) > 0
x = 1
x = 1
x = 1
) ln (Q (x)) = 1 1 + ln (Q (x)) + . . . + ln2010 (Q (x)) =

(1) x = 0, x = 2
( : )

10:
) f (x) = ax ,
0 < a = 1
R Af = R.
) x1 , x(

5
+
1
>
1

5 1 > 1 :
2 Af
)
(
)
x1

x1 < x2
5+1
<
5+1
x1 <(
x2 )
)x2
(
x1
51
51
<
(2)

x2

(1)

(1) (2) : x1 < x2 f (x1 ) < f (x2 ).


f .
) f (x) > 2 f (x) > f (0) x > 0 , f .

) f (0) = 2 f (x) = f (0) x = 0 . (


1 - 1)
f (2) = 12 f (x) = f (2) x = 2 . (

( 2 ) 1 - 1)
)(f ) x 2

f 2 x f (0) 2 x 0
x = 0 x = .
) 1
( )

0 < x < 1 x > x2 f ( x) > f x2


0 > ln x(.
) x (0, 1)

f ( x) > f x2 + ln x (1)
( )

x > 1 x < x2 f ( x) < f x2

( 2
) 0 < ln x . x > 1 f ( x) <
f x + ln x (2)
(1) (2) ,
1
( :
(vanalex) (m.papagrigorakis)

10

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