基礎固態物理 Basic Solid State Physics

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Solid State Physics by Neil W. Ashcroft and N. David

Mermin Introduction to Solid State Physics by Charles Kittel
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100 8
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1.1
1.2
2.1
11
12
2.2
2.2.1
13
2.2.2
16
2.3 Lagrange
17
2.4
21
2.5
28
2.5.1
28
2.5.2
29
2.5.3 Fermi
30
2.6 Sommerfeld
32
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35
3.1 Schrdinger
36
3.2
39
3.3
41
3.3.1
42
3.3.2
43
3.3.3 Schrdinger
47
3.4
48
3.4.1
50
3.4.2 Coulomb
53
3.4.3.
54
3.5 Heisenberg
58
3.5.1 Heisenberg
58
3.5.2 Cauchy Schwarz
60
3.5.3 Heisenberg
61
3.6
64
3.7
68
3.7.1
68
3.7.2
79
3.8 Hellmann-Feynman
81
3.9 Koopmans
83
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3.10
85
3.10.1 Euler
86
3.10.2 Hyper-Virial
87
3.10.3 Virial
88
3.10.4 Virial
89
3.11
Virial
90
3.11.1 Bohm-Pines
91
3.11.2 Hartree-Fock
92
3.11.3 Hartree
96
3.11.4 Bosons Fermions
97
101
4.1
102
4.2 Drude
103
4.2.1 Drude
105
4.2.2
107
4.2.3 Drude
109
4.3 Drude
110
4.3.1
111
4.3.2
111
4.4 Drude
112
4.5 Drude
115
4.6 Drude
117
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4.6.1 -
118
4.6.2 -
119
4.6.3
119
121
5.1
122
5.2
124
5.3
128
5.4
130
5.4.1
131
5.4.2
133
5.5
5.5.1
136
5.5.2
139
5.6 X
5.6.1
135
150
151
5.6.2
158
5.6.3 X
164
6.1
169
170
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6.2 Bloch
173
6.2.1 Bloch
173
6.2.2 Bloch Fourier
177
6.2.3 Bloch
178
6.2.4 Bloch Wannier
180
6.3
185
6.3.2
192
6.3.3
197
6.4
200
6.4.1 Kronig-Penney
201
6.4.2
213
6.4.3
237
6.5
249
6.5.1 kp
249
6.5.2
252
6.5.3 Lowdin
255
6.5.4.
266
6.5.5
273
6.6
299
6.6.1
301
6.6.2
304
6.6.3
320
6.6.4
354
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361
7.1
362
7.2
363
7.2.1
364
7.2.2
366
7.3 Boltzmann
369
7.4 -Onsager
372
7.4.1
377
7.4.2
378
7.5
7.5.1
380
7.5.2
383
7.5.3 -
388
7.6 van der Pauw
378
388
7.6.1 van der Pauw
389
7.6.2 van der Pauw
392
395
8.1
396
8.2
397
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8.2.1
397
8.2.2
402
8.2.3
404
8.2.4 Kramers-Kronig
405
8.2.5
408
8.3 -
422
8.4
429
8.4.1
431
8.4.2
435
8.4.3
438
441
9.1
442
9.2 Bohr-van Leeuwen
445
9.3 Langevin
447
9.3.1 Langevin
449
9.3.2 Langevin
454
9.4
457
9.4.1 Hamiltonian
458
9.4.2
461
9.4.3
468
9.5 Weiss
9.5.1 Weiss
470
471
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9.5.2 Weiss
472
9.5.3 Weiss
475
10
477
10.1
478
10.2
480
10.2.1
482
10.2.2 Einstein
486
10.2.3 Debye
489
10.2.4
492
10.3
494
10.4
Schottky
498
11
503
11.1
504
11.2
505
11.2.1
507
11.2.2
509
11.2.3
514
11.2.4
515
11.3
517
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11.3.1
517
11.3.2
527
11.3.3
528
11.4
542
11.4.1
543
11.4.2
549
12
553
12.1
555
12.2
561
12.2.1 Hamiltonian
561
12.2.2
568
12.3
570
12.3.1
571
12.3.2
577
12.4
577
12.4.1
578
12.4.2
583
12.5
587
12.5.1
591
12.5.2
593
12.5.3
596
12.6
597
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12.6.1
597
12.6.2
599
619
621
10
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1
2
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1.1
Teaching-oriented
Research-oriented
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CHAPTER 1
1900 Max Planck Paul Drude

Free
electron model Drude Drude model
Bragg William Henry Bragg William Lawrence Bragg

Max Theodor Felix von Laue
Real crystalReciprocal crystal X
X-ray diffraction Evariste Galios
7 Crystal class32
Point group230 Space group
Schrdinger
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Felix Bloch
Bloch Wannier
Ralph Kronig William Penney
Schrdinger
Drude
Huang
Coulomb Russell Hancock LyddaneRobert Green Sachs Edward Teller
Elementary excitationOskar Klein

Walter Gordon Spinless
Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac
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CHAPTER 1
1022 1023
Douglas Hartree Pauli Pauli

exclusive principle
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Fock
Pauli
Hartree Fock
David Joseph Bohm David
Pines
Drude
Drude
Bohm-Pines Bohm-Pines
energy Schrdinger
1-1
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Klein-Gordorn
Dirac
Hartree
Fock
Bohm-Pines
Huang
Lyddane-Sachs-Teller
Drude
Bloch
Wannier
Bragg
Laue
1-1
1.2
Paul A. M. Dirac
The fundamental laws necessary for
the mathematical treatment of a large part of physics and the whole of chemistry are thus completely known, and the difficulty lies only in the fact that
application of these laws leads to equations that are too complex to be solved.
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CHAPTER 1
Trivial
[1]
Classical mechanicsElectrodynamics
Quantum mechanics Statistical mechanics
[2] Fourier Fourier series
Matrix formulation
[3] Real spaceMomentum space
[4]
[4.1] E p (= k)
F=m
d 2r t
dt2
2m
r + V (r)
r =E
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E (k)
t
C
B
A
B
O
r (t)
1-2
1-2 r t t
t E k
r t
k E k
Fourier
ej
kr
=ej
Et
kr
r t E k
[4.2]
Fourier
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CHAPTER 1
W11
W12
W13
Q11
W21
W22
W23
W31
W32
W33
0
0
0
Q22
0
0
1
0
0
0 = Q11 0 + Q22 1 + Q32 0
Q33
0
0
1
Wij Eigen-mode
1
0
0
Eigenvector Q11 0 Q22 1 Q32 0
0
0
1
Creation operatorAnnihila-
[4.3]
tion operator
Operator a
a 1-3
a |N= N + 1|N + 1
a|N= N|N 1
|N + 1
|N + 1
|N
|N
(a)
1-3
|N
|N
(b)
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1
2
3 Lagrange
4
5
6 Sommerfeld
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2.1
Classical particles
Quanta Pauli
Pauli exclusive principle Fermion Boson
Pauli Pauli
[1]Maxwell-Boltzmann Maxwell-Boltzmann
distribution function[2]Fermi-Dirac Fermi-Dirac distribution function Fermion[3]Bose-Einstein
Bose-Einstein distribution function Boson
Lagrange Lagrange multiplier method
Phase space
12
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CHAPTER 2
2.2
Phase space
2.2.1
N
3N Coordinates 3N
Momentum 6N
-space
Phase point (t)
Trajectory 6N
6N
6N Initial conditions (0) 6N
(t)
(t) ' = ( , t) '-space 6N

' '
'
-Harmonic oscillator '
Hamiltonian
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p2
1 2
kx +
2
2m
H=
2-1
m k
p
H
=
p
m
H
p=
= kx
x
x=
2-2
2-3
Hamiltonian
2 1 (x, p)
(x (t), p t ) = x0 cos ( t) +
p0
sin ( t), p0cos ( t)
m
m x0sin ( t) 2-4
x0 p0
k m
2-5
m2
2 2
x (t) + p2 (t) = m2
2 2
x0 + p20
x20 +
2-6
p20
p
m2 2
14
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CHAPTER 2
p20 + m2
2
x0 T =
=2
m
2-1
k
pt
+ p20 + m2
2 2
x0
( 2 x 0, 2 p 0 )
(1x0, 1p0)
2
1
p20
x20 + 2
m
0
+
p20 + m2
2-1
2 2
x0
x (t)
p20
x20 + 2 2
m

(x0, p0)Initial phase angle T
(x0, p0)
t
pt
0 (2x0, 2p0) (1x0, 1p0)
xt
2-2
'
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' Elliptical coilElliptical cylinder
'
2-2
2.2.2
Bosons Fermions
Partition functionDensity of states
g k dk =
v
4 k 2dk p = k
8 3
p2 dp
v
4
2
8 3
v 1
= 3 3 dpx dpy dpz
8
g p dp =
2-7
Z=
=
=
f p g p dp
v 1
8 3 3
8
3 3
f p dpx dpy dpz

f p dpx dpy dpz dxdydx
16
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CHAPTER 2
1
h3
f E dpx dpy dpz dxdydx
2-8
f p f E Distribution function
px
[1]
pypzxyz
Constant energyErgodic surface
[2]
2.8
2.3
Lagrange Lagrange multipliers
Constraint
Lagrange Method of Lagrange

multipliersLagrange
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f x, y, z xyz
g x, y, z = 0 f x, y, z
g x, y, z = 0 f (x0, y0, z0) =
g (x0, y0, z0)
(x0, y0, z0) Lagrange Lagrange

multiplier Lagrange
One constraint Lagrange
f x, y, z g x, y, z g x, y, z = 0
f x, y, z p g
f p =
g ( p )
2-9
Lagrange
Two constraints Lagrange
f x, y, z g x, y, z h x, y, z
g x, y, z = 0 h x, y, z = 0 f x, y, z
(x0, y0, z0) g (x0, y0, z0) h (x0, y0, z0)
g (x0, y0, z0) 0 h (x0, y0, z0) 0

g (x0, y0, z0)
h (x0, y0, z0)
f (x0, y0, z0) = 1 g (x0, y0, z0) + 2 h (x0, y0, z0)
2-10
1 2
18
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CHAPTER 2
f x, y, z Boundary curve
Differential curveParametric curveC r = il (t)
+ jm (t) + kn (t) C
p f p C
p f ( p ) C
[]
p f ( p ) C
Velocity vector
C
) (
f (x, y, z) = f (l (t), m (t), n (t))

2-11
f dl t
f dm t
f dn t
df
=
+
+
dt
x dt
y dt
z dt
f
f
f
dl t
dm t
dn t
= i
+ j y + k z i dt + j dt + k dt
x
dr
= f
dt
= fv
2-12
C p f x, y, z Local maximumLocal minimum
df
= f = 0
dt
fv = 0
2-13
2-14
f ( p ) C
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[]
g ( p )
0 C
r = il (t) + jm (t) + kn (t) p
d r t0
(
dt
0)
t = t0 r (t0) = op 2-3
z
Absolute maxmum
f (p)
p Constraint
g (p)
maxmum
g x, y, z = 0
Tangent vector =
Nornal veclor
d r t0
dt
f (p)
g( p) p
CF
CF
O
f x, y, z
y
x
(a)
(b)
2-3 C
f x, y, z p
Composite functionf (l (t), m (t), n (t))
t = t0
df
=
dt
d r t0
=
dt
f (r t0 )
d r t0
= 0
dt
f ( p )
2-15
g x, y, z p t = t0
dg
=
dt
d r t0
=
dt
d r t0
= 0
dt
2-16
f ( p ) g ( p )
d r t0
dt
g (r t0 )
g ( p )
20
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Anti-parallel
Absorption coefficient
342,
436
572
Antisymmetric wavefunction
AC electrical conductivity
110
382
Schrdinger
Acoustic phonons
383
Atomic dimension
Acoustic vibration
384
Atomic form factor
Acoustical branch 510

Acoustical phonon scattering
481,
507, 509
Airy function
Allowed band
556
Atomic scattering factor
Augmented plane wave method (APW)
416
188
170
Average magnetic dipole moment
Allowed energy bands
457
210
Average magnetic momentum
Alloy scattering
381
446
124
Analytic behavior 321

Analytical solutions
368
Band gap
197
Angular momentum
455
254
Band structures
9,
Anti-ferromagnetism
343
170
Band mixing
250, 363
309
170
Band-to-band transition
311
567
Anomalous dispersion
Band index
Anisotropic
Annihilation operator
Band edge
Anderson
Anderson localization
571, 577
426
151, 157
Airy 339
Alfven wave propagation
Amorphous
237
Atomic magnetization
Atomic model
151, 159
383
Acoustical phonons
98
Atom Schrdinger equation
Acceptor atoms
472
Anti-parallel vector
420
444,
Barrier width
209
Basis vector
39
Basis vector
131
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Best eigenfunctions
516, 590
Bloch condition
Bloch 176
Bloch electrons
Bloch 354
Bloch 373
Bloch equation
Bloch function Bloch 171, 176

Bloch state
Bloch velocity
C
Carrier concentration
170
Bloch 299, 354
Body-Centered Cubic (BCC)
Carrier fluxes
Bohm-Pines energy Bohm-Pines

5, 91
Bohr 459
Bohr-van Leeuwen theorem

Leeuwen
Bohr-van
Boltzmann transport equation
Boltzm-
function
Bose-Einstein 12
Bound electrons 408
Cellular method 188

Central force field
48
Chemical potential
311
Chemical potential 27
Boundary curve
55, 170
19
Bound-charge current/waves
Bragg 151
Bravais lattice
Bravais lattices
120
Classical mechanics 27, 396

103
12
Classical particles
43
Closure relation
582
Collective longitudinal mode
554
582
Collective longitudinal oscillation
582
598
Bragg's law
415
Classical ideal gas law
Collective excitations
382
Boundary condition
58
Collective displacement
12, 21, 27, 554, 568
Classical model
ann 362, 369
Boundary
373
Cauchy Schwarz inequality Cauchy Schwarz
450
distribution
311,
380
Circularly polarization
445, 447
Boltzmann constant Boltzmann
Bose-Einstein
Carrier-carrier scattering
140
Bohr magneton
362
Carrier transport 369
Bloch 84
Bloch theorem Bloch
329
599
Bulk polaritons
256
Binding energy
Boson
Bulk
Bravais 133
Bravais 124
Brillouin zone
Brillouin
Brillouin zone
Brillouin 133
190
Collision process
Collision time
Columbic term
370
107
Coulomb 559
Column vector 147

Commutation relation
562
622
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Commutator
542
58, 87
Complex dielectric constant
Coulomb
Coupled excited states
20
Coupled Plasmon-LO Phonon Polaritons

-
172
Conduction bands
48
597
310
Composite function
Conductivity effective mass
Coulomb 431
Coulomb gauge
Coulomb potential
402
Complex dielectric constant
604, 605
Coupling constant
572
Coupling parameter
304
596
Conductivity tensor 377
Creation operator 9, 567
Configurational coordinate
Critical point 321, 326
593
Cryogenic-Liquid specific heat
Configurational parameter
593
479
Crystal class
389
Conformal mapping
Constant-energy ellipsoid
313
124
Crystal classes
Crystal defect
17
Constant-volume specific heat
478
Crystal lattice
Crystal lattice
Crystal momentum
Constraint
17
Crystal planes
Constructive interference
130
122
299
Crystal scattering
380
240
Crystal field integral
Constant energy
132
381
Crystal space lattices 125
150
Continuity equation
107
Continuum model
556
130
Crystal structure
Crystal structures
Crystal systems
Coordinate number 573
Coordinate operator
Crystal waves
44
46, 122
Coordinate space
Correct zero-order wave function
75
Crystal-like array
504
Crystallographic axes
Crystals
385
124
172, 268
269
Cubic symmetry
Coulomb fields
Coulomb 388
Curie constant
Coulomb force
Coulomb
Curie temperature
396, 455,
124
198
Cubic crystal symmetry
Correlation effect 83
Correlation energy
122
Curier 454
Curie 444
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Curie 444
Curie's law
589
Deformation potential scattering
Curie's principle
Curie
Curie-Weiss law
Curie-Weiss
128
384
Degenerate semiconductors
472
Cyclotron frequency
346,
171
Degenerate wave functions
412
Cylindrical coordinates
256
Delocalization
325
171, 172,
200, 589
198
Delocalized states
Damping factor
DC electrical conductivity
408
330
-function
110
Density of state effective mass

304
Debye T 3 law
Debye T 3 491
Density of states
299
Debye 492
Density of states
16
Debye frequency
Debye function
Debye 490
Debye model Debye
479-481,
490-491, 493
Diadic
528
Diagonal planes
133
Diamagnetic moment
Debye temperature Debye 489
Diamagnetism 444
Debye-Scherrer method Debye-Scherrer
Diamond
164
151, 159, 164

Defect scattering
Deformation
587
107,
Deformation energy
Dielectric relaxation process

108
384
Dielectric relaxation time

107
593
Deformation optic scattering
585
Differential curve
Differential operator
19
Diffraction pattern
Deformation potential
384
Deformation potential acoustic phonon

scattering
Dielectric constant
404, 435
380
Deformation acoustic scattering
172
Dielectric 107
Debye-Waller factor Debye-Waller
448
382
Deformation potential coupling
Dimensionless parameters
150, 158
55
Dipole moments
386
Dirac function Dirac
44
Dirac notation
42
Dirac 38, 39
624
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Discontinuity 384
Discrete energy
Disorder
gral
Disordered lattice 198

Dispersion relation
577
Eigenenergy
252
37
255
Eigenequation
Eigenfunction
561
17
Distribution function
Donor atoms
Eigenstate
382
Eigenstate
Double-crystal X-ray diffraction
40
42
Eigenvector 9
Eigen-wavefunction
168
37
Eigenmode
547
Divergence free
299
Effective nearest-neighbor exchange inte-
335
198
Displacement coordinate
Effective masses
Drift process
370
Einstein function Einstein
Drift velocity
379
Einstein model
Drude model Drude 3, 102, 103,
Drude-Lorentz
Dulong-Petit
Dynamical matrix
517,
593
Elastic properties
555
Electric current
373
490
Electric current density 374,
526
377
E
Eddy current
Edge dislocation
550
381
Electric dipole
Electric dipole
400
107
Electric dipole approximation
Effect Lande factor Lande

353
396, 424, 435
Electric dipole Hamiltonian
Effective dielectric constant
Einstein
487
Elastic waves
480
488
Einstein 479-481,
Elastic energy
403, 421
Dulong-Petit law
597
488-489, 492-493
Einstein temperature
403
Drude-Lorentz model
589
Effective mass tensor
347
254
470
Electric quadrupole approximation
435
Electric quadrupole Hamiltonian
Effective mass wave function
Hamiltonian 423
Electric local field
Effective g-factor g-
344
Hamiltonian 423
Electric susceptibility
405
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490
Electrical resistivity
7, 396
Electrodynamics
Electron cyclotron resonance effective

mass
304
Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR)
304
Electron density
364
Equations of motion
Ergodic surface
Euler's theorem
Euler 86
Ewald circle
Ewald
583
157
Ewald
Ewald construction
Ewlad sphere
17
Ewald
Exact solution 80
Electron gas 583, 604
Exchange field
Electron g-factor
Exchange operator
Electron spin
g-
459
338,
556
586
479
480
305, 555
Exciton-like polariton
Exciton-polariton
597,
606
Electronic specific heat 478,
Extended states
181
Extended zone scheme
494
339
Electrooptical energy
Element semiconductor
196
External field excitation 570
Extinction coefficient 403
382
Elementary excitations
554
Ellipsoidal constant energy surface
140
Factor
Elliptical cylinder 16
Empty-lattice bands
Empty-lattice model
222
213
37
416
Federov group Federov
127
422
Energy gap 170, 178, 555
Fermi surface
Energy operator 36, 44
Fermi surfaces
Fermi system
569
Equation of motion
159
Faraday resonance
Fermi golden rule Fermi
170
Energy eigenvalue
Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)
312
Energy bands
Elliptical coil 16
Entropy
571
597, 606
Electronic modes of thermal agitation
470
554
Excitation waves
Exciton
Electronic interactions
Excitation modes of thermal agitation
459
Electron theory 102

Electron-hole pair
156
157
586
30
Fermi 188
Fermi
33
Fermi-Dirac distribution function
Fer-
626
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mi-Dirac 12
Frenkel exciton
Fermi-Dirac
Fermi-Dirac integral
308
Fermion
556
Frhlich coupling Frhlich
589
Full crystal Schrdinger equation
Schrdinger
12, 21, 30-32, 92, 554
Ferrimagnetism
Frenkel
44, 571,
Full energy
237
70
Full energy eigenvalue
577
44, 571, 577
Ferromagnetism
First Brillouin zone Brillouin
Full Hamiltonian Hamiltonian

Full Schrdinger equation
195, 509
First rank tensor 129
First-order perturbation correction
69
170, 343
Fundamental vector
Fourier 173
Fourier expansion
-rays
Fourier 136
Fourier domain
408
578
131
29
function
Fourier coefficient
69
Full-width half mean (FWHM)
210
Fourier analysis
127
Full symmetry group

Full wave function
Floquet theorem Floquet 170

Forbidden energy bands
69
Schro-
dinger 70
252
Forbidden band
490
-space
13
'-space
' 13
Fourier
181
Fourier series
Fourier
Galvomagnetic effects
7, 136
Fourier Transformation Fourier

122
Franz-Keldysh effect Franz-Keldysh
Gauge
344
Gauss' law
102
Ganss 107
Generalized momentum operator
446
566
343
Free electron gas
31
Free electron model
3,
Generalized position operator

566
Generalized transport coefficients
103
Free space
Gas dynamics
Generalized coordinate
337
Franz-Keldysh oscillation Franz-Keldysh
115
615, 617
Free-charge current
598
Freedom 329, 485
376
Generalized velocity 446
g-factor
g- 459
Green's function method
Green
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571
188
555
Ground state energy
Group representations 268

Gyromagnetic factor
Gyromagnetic ratio
g- 459
459
Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Helicon wave propagation 416
Hellmann-Feynman theorem
Feynman
Hei-
senberg 37, 57
Hellmann-
38, 81
Helmholtz free energy Helmholtz

Hall coefficient Hall 116
569
Hall effect Hall 115
Hermite function Hermite
Hall measurement Hall
Hermitian
Hamilton's equation
Hamilton
446
56
39, 42, 45-46, 87, 277

Hermitian 45
Hermitian matrix
Hermitian operator Hermitian
Hamiltonian
13, 14, 79, 92, 95, 214, 237,
251, 255, 273, 287, 338, 344, 347,
566
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
424-425, 427, 429-432, 447, 457-458,
140
461, 468, 557, 561, 564, 567-568, 571,
Hexagonal system
583-584
High-frequency dielectric constant
Harmonic approximation
506, 517, 564

163
Harmonic oscillator 13
Harrison's construction Harrison
190
91
Hartree-Fock
38, 91
Heat capacity
127
Holosymmetric cubic
127
Holstein-Primakoff Transformation Hol575
Homogeneous crystal
377
Homogeneous function
Hartree-Fock equation
stein-Primakoff
Hartree-Fock approximation Hartree-Fock
132
590
Holosymmetric
Harmonic oscillator
Hooke's law
478
Heat current
Homogeneous media
Heat dissipation barrier
542, 546
Hyper-Virial theorem
berg 571
Heisenberg picture
Heisen-
Heisenberg Hamiltonian 571

Heisenberg
Hyper-Virial
86
598
Heisenberg equation of motion
397
Hooke 482, 506
Huang equation
373-374
86
Imperfection
Impurity scattering
Indistinguishable
379, 381
381
97
628
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410
Induced polarization
Infinite potential well 48
Isotropic
Iteration
190, 376
260
Infinitesimal Interval
105
Joint density of states
Infrared 412
Inhomogeneous media
321, 437
397
13
Initial conditions
Kane mode
15
Initial phase angle
Integrodifferential equation
371
Interaction Hamiltonian
Hamiltonian
422, 425
Interaction integral 240

Interaction process
Interband transitions
370
363,
429
Kane 249
38, 83
kp method kp
381
405
Kroneck delta function
Kroneck delta
138
104, 478, 494,
499
Lagrange
17, 25
Landau effect Landau
Internal molecular field 470

Internal molecular field constant
470
Intervalley phonons
Intervalley scattering
Intravalley phonons
Intravalley scattering
386
383
387
383
Inversion symmetry
Inversion symmetry
Irreducible representations
268
124
525
Lagrange
12
Lagrange multipliers
Internal energy
172
Kramers-Kronig relations Kramers-Kronig
Lagrange multiplier method
Interface roughness
188
Koopmans theorem Koopmans
Interelectronic scattering
388
Kane kp
Kane's kp method
337
Landau gauge
Landau 344
Landau levels
Landau 344
Landau model
Landau 413
Lande g-factor Lande g- 353, 462

Langevin 452,
Langevin function
468
Langevin theory Langevin
445,
454
Large polarons
Larmor frequency
Lattice
589
Larmor 456
125
Irrotational 547
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Lattice constant
175, 182
Lattice modes of thermal agitation
Localized states
136
Lattice polarizability
Lattice scattering
589
478,
181
Long wavelength approximation

Long wavelength limit
515
480
Lattice vector
Lattice vibration
Laue condition
136, 434
504, 561
Laue 151
Laue method Laue
Long wavelength phonons

387
Longitudinal acoustical (LA) phonons

511
164
Left-handed enantiomorphic
127
Longitudinal deformation
507
Lens 455
Lenz's law
Longitudinal mode
Linear Boltzmann transport equation

(LBTE) Boltzmann
373
528, 609
Longitudinal optical (LO) phonons

511
Longitudinal Phonon Plasmon Polaritons
Linear combinations of atomic orbital
(LCAO)
(LPP) - 604
Longitudinal waves
Lorentz force
171
Linear electron-lattice coupling
199
515
380
Lattice specific heat
Localized state
Localized states
479
Lattice periodicity
Localized electrons 555
Liquid crystal
403, 413
Lowdin's renormalization method

Luttinger Hamiltonian
Luttinger parameters
348
Local electrical field
113
543
Local maximum
Lowdin
Low-
din 172, 255
381
Local density of states
296
Luttinger
298
Luttinger-Kohn's model Luttinger-Kohn
19
Local minimum 19
Localization
Lorentz 115, 366, 396
Lorentz model Lorentz

172, 188, 255
374
102
Liquid nitrogen
Local field
579
Lowdin's perturbation method
593
Linear operator
Lyddane-Sach-Teller relation
171, 589
Localized atomic wave functions
250
LST
548
238
630
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Maxwell-Boltzmann
Mean field theory

21
Macrostates
Mean free path
Magnetic dielectric media

599
12
470
113
Mean free time between collisions
108
400
Magnetic dipole
435
Hamiltonian
188
Metallic conduction
Magnetic dipole Hamiltonian

423
Magnetic flux
454
455
21
Miller
Miller index
Minimum
345
Magnetic length
197
Microstates
Magnetic dipole moment
Mirror plane 191
446
Mobility
Magnetic ordering
442, 570
Mobility effective mass
397
Magnetic susceptibility
442
Magnetization 401, 445

Magnetogyric ratio
Magnetoplasma resonance
Momentum operator 44
Momentum space
7, 46,
122, 133
459
Monoclinic
416
133
Mott
Mott transition
197
Nearly free electron model
597
Magnon-polariton
- 597
Many-body effect
583
171
Neel temperature
Neel
449
Matrix formulation 7
Neutral
Matrix formulation 146
Neutral atoms
Matrix mechanics
444, 475
Negative magnetic susceptibility
38, 64
Matrix element 432
47
Matrix representation
Maximum
304
305, 555
Magnon-like polariton
MASER
362, 388
Mode number 491
Magnetic specific heat 478
Magnon
131
322
Magnetic moment
Magnetic permeability function
Metal-insulator transition
Magnetic dipole approximation
Neutrons
267
322
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function
382
382
490
Newtonian law
Newton
482
Nondegenerate band
Nondegenerate semiconductor
252
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Nonmagnetic dielectric media
599
Nonpolar materials
386
Nonpolar optic scattering
383
Optical phonons
481. 509
Optoelectronics
396
Orbital magnetic dipole moment
Non-primitive cell 131

Non-primitive translation vector
Orbital magnetic dipole moment
447
Orbiting electron 445
131
Normal dispersion
419
Normal gradient
Normal mode
Normalization
Normalized condition
190
Order 198
198
Ordered lattice
Orthogonality 42
527
Orthogonality property
42
181
Orthogonalizd plane wave (OPW) me-
37
Nuclear magnetic dipole moment
thods
188
Orthonormal functions
447
255
255
Orthonormalization
Observable operator
456
384, 386
Optical phonon scattering
308
39
Oscillator strength
Occupation probability
Ohm's law
133
Orthorhombic
373
Ohm 107
One-dimensional freedom
Overlap integral
Operator 9
Optic phonons
Optic strain
383
384
Optical branch
Optical effective mass
472
Paramagnetic susceptibility
449
385
Optic vibration
304, 411
Paramagnetic Curie temperature

Curie
85
Onsager relation Onsager 362
240
329
One-electron energy
404,
608
510
Paramagnetism 444
Parametric curve
Partition function
16, 568
Pauli exclusive principle
19
Pauli
5, 12, 91
Peltier coefficient Peltier 376
632
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Periodic zone scheme
Plasma resonance barrier

598
196
Permanent magnetic moment

Perturbation Hamiltonian
Hamiltonian
38, 68
Perturbation theory
Perturbing potential
383
Phase point 13
598
Point group 3
Polar dielectric
449
386
509
Polar optic scattering
12-13
Phase velocity
598
Plasmon-polariton
69
Perturbation parameter 69
Phase space
305, 555
Plasmon
Plasmon-like polariton
448-449
Phasor
305, 555
Polariton
Polaritonics 597-598
430
Phenomenological theory
570
597
Polaritons
Polarization
386, 542
Phonon
305, 504, 555
Polarization
Phonon energy
569
Polarization vector
Phonon-like polariton
Phonon-polariton
598,
604-605
555
Physical observables
527
305, 555, 588

590
Polaron normal mode
Polaron radius
Polaron theory
587
Polycrystalline
125
Ponting theorem
597
Poynting 401
Positive magnetic susceptibility
46
Piezoelectric coupling
589
Piezoelectric effect
Piezoelectric potential
Piezoelectric scattering
Planck's postulate
Plasma
401, 543
595
601
Phonon-Plasmon-Polaritons
Photon
Polaron
Polaron energy
598, 601
384
384
384
Planck 57
102, 577
449
Potential barrier strength
209
Powder method
Power loss
164
436
p-representation
47
Plasma frequency
582
Primitive cell
Plasma frequency
114, 411
Primitive reciprocal vectors
Plasma oscillations
555
131, 509
146
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Primitive translation vector
195
Reflection
146, 248
Propagation constant
565
Pseudomomentum 301
188
Pseudopotential method
Pure depolarization field
Reflectivity
403
Refractive index
Relaxation time
103, 604
396, 403
Relaxation time approximation

r-representation 47
Representation
521
Quadratic term
Quantum well
329
Quantum wire
329
Quasi-momentum
301
Rotation
124
Row vector 147
Random phase approximation

586
Saddle
322
159
Scattering amplitude
N-rank tensor N 129
Scattering mechanisms
Real crystal 3
362,
378
122
Real space
164
574
Radius vectors
582
127
Rotating-crystal method
Real lattices
Restoring force
Right-handed enantiomorphic
554
Quasi-particles
419-420
102
Quantum theory
Resonance frequency
329
7, 396
Quantum mechanics
267
Research-oriented
12
Quantum dot
124, 420
310
582
Quanta
Reduced zone scheme
131
Primitive translation vectors
55
Recursion relation
Scattering potential
7, 122, 133
Scattering process
380
370
Reciprocal crystal
Schottky anomaly Schottky 498
Reciprocal lattice
Schottky effect
122
Reciprocal lattice vectors

137
Reciprocal space
Reciprocal vectors
Schottky 498
Schottky specific heat Schottky

479, 498
122
Schrdinger's equation Schrdinger

133
36
634
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Screening radius
381
Screw dislocation
304
Spatial variation
Spatial vector
s-d 244
s-d mixing
124
607
Spatial dispersion
s-d 244
s-d hybridization
Space lattice
311
129
Second rank tensor 129
Specific heat
Second-order off-diagonal matrix ele-
Specific heat anomaly 479
ments
Specific heat effective mass
270
Second-order perturbation correction
78, 243,
304
396
Self- induced potential
Spherically symmetric system
Spherically symmetry
457
Spin degenerate factor
325, 437
590
Self-trapping potential
590
Spin deviations
Spin eigenvalue
348
Spin Hamiltonian
Self-adjoint 45
Semi-classical 301
Semiconductor alloys
572
Hamiltonian
571
Spin magnetic dipole moment
447
382
Short wavelength phonons
Spin operator
Spin wave
386
Simple Cubic (SC)
140
Simple harmonic oscillator
571
576
Spin waves
555
Spin-down
30
Spin-orbit interaction -
48
Single band
172
252
Single electron Hamiltonian
Singularity
Spin-up
39, 181-182
Small damping
581
State
Small polarons
589
State vector
Sommerfeld
Static dielectric constant
41
590
32, 479, 495
Source-free media
408, 507
Standard deviation 58
321
Sommerfeld expansion
30
Spring constant
Hamiltonian 214
478
469
258
Selection rules
Specific heat function
252
Secular equation
478
Space group 3, 125
399
Static lattice energy
517
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Static lattice model 518

Stationary Bloch function
Teaching-oriented 2
379
Stationary state
Tensors
349
433
Stimulated emission process
128
Thermal conductivity
24
Structure factor
151, 159
304
Sublattice 472
Thermal energy
500
Surface charge density
Thermal energy
383
Thermal excitation
582
Surface element
Surface exciton-polariton
614
-
Surface phonon-polariton
Surface plasmon-polariton
599,
Susceptibility equation
376
Third rank tensor
129
Three-dimensional freedom
329
Tight-binding model
171
Time constant 372
613
Symmetric wavefunction
Time dependence of density matrix
98
Symmetrical unit cell
584
Time dependent Schrdinger's equation

Schrdinger 36
133
Symmetry gauge
311
614
Symmetry analysis
26
Thomas factor Thomas 274
614
Surface polaritons
Thermodynamics
Thermopower
614
586
118
Thermoelectromotive force
614
Thermal motion
Thermal power
Surface magnon-polariton
570
490
Thermal expansion
377
378
Thermal effective mass
384
117
Thermal conductivity 118, 376

Thermal conductivity coefficient
433
Stirling's theorem Stirling

Strain
15, 159,
164
111
Stimulated emission
Temperature factor
Statistical mechanics
Step function
Taylor 521
Taylor theorem
378
Steady state
Bloch
173
468
Time domain
Time harmonic
578
406
636
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Time independent Schrdinger's equation

Schrdinger 36
Time-dependent perturbation theory
Time-independent degenerate perturbation
theory
Translations
214
Transport phenomena
373
380
Transpose matrix
296
Transverse acoustical (TA) phonons
511
38
Time-independent linear operator
bation theory
Transverse current 116

Transverse mode
87
Time-independent nondegenerate pertur
406
528
Transverse optical (TO) phonons
511
579
Transverse waves
38
Time-varied electric field
Triclinic
133
Two-dimensional freedom
450
Torque
329
Total energy 486
Two-level system
Total ground state energy
250
Transport theory
38
64, 467,
499, 501
Two-state system
517
Total potential energy
518,
38
562
Trajectory
Ultraviolet
13
Transition probability per time
Transition probability rate

Transition probability rate
435
Translation operator 173

Translation process
Translation symmetry operation
370
127
Translation vectors
Translational symmetry
131, 508
Valence bands
Valley
172
386
van der Pauw method van der Pauw

117, 362, 388
van Hove singularity van Hove
321
Variational method 93
137
123, 597
Translational vector
561
422
412
Unit cell
422, 435
Uncoupled terms
214,
Vector potential
426, 468
Velocity of Bloch electrons
Bloch
299
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Velocity vector 19
485
Vibrational energy
Virial theorem Virial
Visible
197
38, 85
Wigner hypothesis
Wigner 197
Wigner-Seitz cell Wigner-Seitz

133
412
Volume of the primitive cell
138
Volume plasmons
von Hove singularity
X-ray diffraction X 3
580
von Hove
135
320
von Neumann principle
von Neumann
X-rays
X 490
128
W
Wannier function
Wavenumber
556
Wannier 171
470
445, 470
Wiedmann-Franz
120
Wigner- Seitz
Wigner
Hamilto-
69
Zero-point pressure
32
172
Zone boundary
Zone edge
186
Wigner crystallization
nian
Zinc-blende
Wigner and Seitz method
71
Zero-order Hamiltonian
Weiss theory Weiss
57
Zero-dimensional freedom
Zero-order eigenfunction
Weiss molecular field coefficient
Wiedmann-Franz law
Zero energy
329
331
Weiss field Weiss 470
Zeeman 570, 577
Zeeman effect
Wannier exciton Wannier
X-ray diffraction patterns
190
539
Zone edge central cell function
253
638
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., 2011.11
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基礎固態物理 Basic Solid State Physics

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基礎固態物理 Basic Solid State Physics

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www.wunan.com.

Solid State Physics by Neil W. Ashcroft and N. David

3.5.2 Cauchy Schwarz

3.11.4 Bosons Fermions

6.2.2 Bloch Fourier

6.2.4 Bloch Wannier

7.6 van der Pauw

7.6.1 van der Pauw

7.6.2 van der Pauw

9.2 Bohr-van Leeuwen

1900 Max Planck Paul Drude

Bragg William Henry Bragg William Lawrence Bragg

Elementary excitationOskar Klein

Douglas Hartree Pauli Pauli

Lagrange Lagrange multiplier method

(t) ' = ( , t) '-space 6N

' Elliptical coilElliptical cylinder

f p dpx dpy dpz

f E dpx dpy dpz dxdydx

Lagrange Lagrange multipliers

Lagrange Method of Lagrange

g (x0, y0, z0)

(x0, y0, z0) Lagrange Lagrange

g (x0, y0, z0) 0 h (x0, y0, z0) 0

Differential curveParametric curveC r = il (t)

f (x, y, z) = f (l (t), m (t), n (t))

C p f x, y, z Local maximumLocal minimum

r = il (t) + jm (t) + kn (t) p

Atomic form factor

Acoustical branch 510

Atomic scattering factor

Augmented plane wave method (APW)

Average magnetic dipole moment

Allowed energy bands

Average magnetic momentum

Analytic behavior 321

Alfven wave propagation

Bloch function Bloch 171, 176

Bloch 299, 354

Body-Centered Cubic (BCC)

Bohm-Pines energy Bohm-Pines

Bohr-van Leeuwen theorem

Boltzmann transport equation

Cellular method 188

Classical mechanics 27, 396

Collective longitudinal mode

Classical ideal gas law

12, 21, 27, 554, 568

ann 362, 369

Cauchy Schwarz inequality Cauchy Schwarz

Boltzmann constant Boltzmann

Bloch theorem Bloch

Column vector 147

Complex dielectric constant

Coupled excited states

Coupled Plasmon-LO Phonon Polaritons

Conductivity effective mass

Complex dielectric constant

Conductivity tensor 377

Creation operator 9, 567

Critical point 321, 326

Cryogenic-Liquid specific heat

Constant-volume specific heat

Crystal field integral