9. What is transconductance of BJTS ? The transconductance , gm of the BJT is defined as the ratio of Ic to vbe. Gm=Ic/ vbe . 10.

what is an over drive factor of BJTs? The over drive factor (ODF)is defined as the ratio of Ib to Ibs is called theover drive factor(ODF). ODF=Ib/Ibs Where, Ib=base current. Ibs=saturated base current . 11.what is the switching model of BJT?

Of hard saturation the storage time is reduced. This can be accomplished by clamping the Vce to a predetermine level. This is said to be antisaturation control of BJTs. 23.what are the advantage and disadvantages of transformer gate isolation? Advantages: Very small leakage inductance. Rise time of the output pulse is very small.

Disadvantages: At relatively long pulse and switching frequency, the transformer would saturated and its output would be distorted.

24. what are the advantages and disadvantages of optocoupled gate isolation? Advantages : o Rise time and fall time of photo transistor are very small. o Typical value of the Ton and Toff time limits the high frequency application . Disadvantage: o Photo transistor requires separate power supply which adds the complexity. o Cost and weight of the gate isolation is high.