my;yh`;tpd; jpUehkk; nfhz;L.....

N\f; jf;fpAjPd; md; md; egh/dpapd; ,];yhkpa

kWkyu;r;rp gw;wpa xU fl;Liu:

kWkyu;r;rp (eh/jh) vd;gJ mwpthw;wypd; vOr;rpahFk;

khwhf nghUshjhu Kd;Ndw;wk; kWkyu;rr ; p vd;W nfhs;sg;gl khl;lhJ. Fitj; ehl;il INuhg;gpa
ehLfshd RtPld;> `hye;J> ngy;[pak; Mfpatw;NwhL xg;gpLk;NghJ> nghUshjhuj;jpy; cau;eJ
; epwf
; pwJ.
,Ue;jNghjpYk; ,e;j INuhg;gpa ehLfs; mile;j Kd;Ndw;wj;ij Fitj; ,d;Dk; milatpyi ; y.
xOf;f khz;Gfs; cau;eJ; epwg
; Jk; kWkyu;rr
; p vd;W nfhs;sg;gl khl;lhJ. Vnddpy; kjpdh khefuk;
,d;W cyfpy; cs;s ve;j xU ,lj;ijtplTk; xOf;fj;jpy; my;yJ ew;gz;Gfspy; cau;eJ ; epwf ; pwJ. ,Ue;j
NghJk; ,J Kd;Ndw;wk; vd;W nfhs;sg;gl khl;lhJ. MfNt kWkyu;rr ; p vd;gJ mwpthw;wypd; vOr;rpahFk;.
,Ue;jNghjpYk; kWkyu;rr
; p rpy rkaq;fspy; jtwhd mbg;gilapy; Vw;gLtJk; cz;L. mnkupff; h> INuhg;gh>
u\;ah Mfpa ehLfs; Kd;Ndwpa ehLfs;jhk;> vdpDk; mitfspd; Kd;Ndw;wk; kpfTk; gy`PdkhdJ> Vnddpy;
me;j Kd;Ndw;wk; Md;kfP mbg;gil ,y;yhjJ cz;ikahd kWkyu;rr ; p vd;gJ ,];yhkpa rpej; idapd;
mbg;gilapNyNa kl;Lk; mike;jpl KbAk;. Vndd;why; mJ kl;LNk Md;kf P mbg;gil nfhz;l mwpthw;wypd;
vOr;rpahFk;.
kWkyu;rr
; p Vw;gl gzpfs; Jtf;fg;gl Ntz;Lkhapd>; kdpjd;> tho;T> gpugQ;rk; Mfpatw;iwg; gw;wpa
KOikahd rpej ; idapd; mbg;gilapy; Vw;gLk; xU Ml;rpKiwia ehk; epWtplNtz;Lk;. mJ kdpj rl;lq;fs;>
Ml;rpKiw kw;Wk; rl;l kd;wk; Mfpatw;wpd; mbg;gilapy; ,Uf;ff;$lhJ. kdpj rl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; murpay;
rhrdq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; epWtg;gLk; muR kWkyu;rr ; pfF
; ,l;Lr; nry;yhJ. khwhf mJ kWkyu;rr ; pia
jpirjpUg;gNt cjTk;. md;whl tho;tpay; tptfhuq;fspd; jPuT; fs; ,e;j rpej
; idapd; mbg;gilapypUe;Jjhd;
cjakhFk;. mjhtJ> Ml;rpKiw> rl;l tiuTfs; Mfpait ,e;j rpej ; idapypUe;J ntsptUk;.
INuhg;ghtpd; kWkyu;rr
; p> tpLjiy kw;Wk; Rje;jpuk; Mfpaitfis fUj;jpy; nfhz;L murpaypUe;J kjj;ij
gpupgg
; J vd;w rpej; idapd; mbg;gilapy; Vw;gl;ljhFk;.
u\;ahtpy Vw;gl;l fk;a+dp] Gul;rp [lg;nghUl;fspd; gupzhk tsu;rr
; p gw;wpa Nfhl;ghl;bd;gb [lg;nghUl;fs;
gy;NtW khw;w epfo;Tfs; mbg;gilapy; tsu;rr
; paile;J xU Fiwtw;w epiw nghUshf (Perfectthing) khWk; vd;gjhFk;.
MfNt u\;ah 1917-y; ,e;j rpej ; idapd; mbg;gilapy; xU muir epWtp kWkyu;rr ; pia nfhz;L te;jJ.
muGyfpy; Vw;gl;l kWkyu;rr
; pahdJ my;yh`;(RG)tplkpUe;J ,iwJ}ju;(]y;) mtu;fs; nfhz;L te;j ,];yhkpa
rpej
; idapd; mbg;gilapy; Vw;gl;ljhFk;. mtu; ,e;j rpej ; idapd; mbg;gilapy; Ml;rpiaAk; mjpfhuj;ijAk;
epWtpdhu;.
Nkw;fz;l ,e;j cjhuzq;fs;> kWkyu;rr
; p vd;gJ xU Fwpgg ; pll
; rpej
; id (Thought) apd; mbg;gilapy;
epWtg;gLk; xU Ml;rpKiwia nfhz;Ljhd; Vw;gLk; vd;w fUj;jpwF; njspthd rhd;whFk;.
1924Mk; Mz;L K];jgh/ fkhy;ghl;rh kdpj rl;ltiuTfisAk;> Ml;rpKiwiaAk; nfhz;L Vw;gLj;jpa
muR JUf;fpapy; ve;jtpjkhd kWkyu;rr ; piaAk; nfhz;L tutpyi ; y vd;w cz;ik> kdpj rpej ; idapy; gpwe;j
rl;lq;fSk; Ml;rp KiwfSk; ,];yhkpa kWkyu;rr ; pia nfhz;LtuhJ vd;gij ekf;F njspthf czu;jJ ; fpwJ.
Nkw;fj;jpa Ml;rpKiwAk; rl;lq;fSk; K];ypk; ehLfspy; gyte;jkhf mky;gLj;jg;gLfpdw ; d. ,t;thNw ,j;jifa
Ml;rpKiwfspy; JUf;fp ve;jtpj kWkyu;rr ; piaAk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;stpyi; y. khwhf> nghUshjhuk;> r%fk;
kw;Wk; ru;tNjr me;j];J Mfpa midj;J JiwfspYk; mJ Mokhf gpdN ; ehf;fpNa nrd;W nfhz;bUf;fpwJ.
,e;j fhyfl;lj;jpy; Nrhtpaj; u\;ahit ehk; xg;gplL ; Nehf;FNthkhdhy;> xU jtwhd rpej ; id (Thought)apd;
mbg;gilapy; Ml;rp mikf;fg;ngw;whYk;> mJ kf;fis xd;wpizj;jJ. NkYk; kfhty;yuR vd;w epiyia
milAk;tiu mjd; kWkyu;rr ; p gytUlq;fs; ePbj;jJ. fk;a+dpr rpej ; idapd; mbg;gilapy; nydpd; 1917y;
epWtpa muR xU kWkyu;rr ; pia Njhw;Wtpjj; J. Mdhy; 1924y; K];jgh fkhy; ghl;rh Nkw;fj;jpa Ml;rpKiw
rl;lq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; epWtpa muR Njhy;tp fz;lJ.
1952y; vfpgJ
; ehl;by; [khy; mg;Jy; eh]u; kdpj rl;l tiuTfs; nfhz;l Ml;rpKiwia epWtpaJ xU
rkPgj;J cjhuzkhFk;. Muk;gj;jpy; kd;duhl;rpfF ; gjpyhf kf;fshl;rp Kiwia nfhz;L te;J mtu;
mjdbg;gilapy; tptrha epyq;fis tpdpNahfk; nra;jhu;. gpwF nghJ clik jj;Jtj;jpd; mbg;gilapy;
gy;NtW tp\aq;fis mky;gLj;jpdhu;. Mdhy; kWkyu;rr ; pia nfhz;L tUtjw;F mtuhy; ,aytpyi
; y.
khwhf mwpthw;wy; nghUshjhuk; kw;Wk; murpay; gFg;gha;T Mfpa mbg;gilapy; 1952f;F Ke;ja epiyia tpl
vfpgJ
; ,d;W gpdj ; q;fpNa ,Uf;fpwJ. vfpgj ; py; epfo;ej
; ,uhZt gLnfhiyf;F Kd;G epiy ,t;thWjhd;
,Ue;jJ. ,d;Ws;s ehlhSkd;w cWg;gpdu;fNshL (Members of National Council) 1952f;F Kd;Gs;s ehlhSkd;w
cWg;gpdu;fspd; murpay; kw;Wk; mwpthw;wy; jpwid xg;gpll ; hy; NtWghL njspthf njupfpwJ.
vdpDk; xU rpej ; idapd; kPJ my;yJ Fwpgg ; pll; fUj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; muir epWtJ vd;gJ ntWk;
gLnfhiyfspd; epfo;thy; mjpfhuj;ij ifg;gw;WtJ vd;W nghUs; my;y. Vnddpy; ,J kWkyu;rr ; pia
Njhw;Wtpff ; Tk; nra;ahJ> ntw;wp ngwTk; KbahJ. khwhf> ,jw;F nghUs; vd;dntdpy>; kf;fis xU
Fwpg;gpl;l rpe;jidapd; mbg;gilapy; ek;gr; nra;tJ> mJFwpj;j xU cWjpahd ntF[d fUj;jpid
cUthf;FtJ> (Strong public opinion) me;j fUj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; kf;fsplk; kWkyu;rr; pia Vw;gLj;JtJ> kf;fspd;
tho;fi; f Nghuhl;lj;ij ,e;j fUj;jpd; topfhl;Ljypd; gbNa elj;jp nry;YtJ> gpwF ,e;j cWjpahd
rpej
; id fUj;jpd; mbgilapNyNa xU muR kf;fshy; epWtg;gLtJ vd;gjhFk;. MfNt kWkyu;rr ; p vd;gjd;
fUg;nghUs; mjpfhuj;ij ifg;gw;WtJ vd;gjd;W> khwhf> xU fUj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; kf;fis xUq;fpizg;gJk;>
,jd; mbg;gilapNyNa mtu;fs; tho;T topelj;jg;gLtJkhFk;. gpwF mjpfhuk; ifg;gw;wg;gl;L xU muRk;
epWtg;gLk. mjpfhuj;ij ifg;gw;WtJ ,q;F cz;ikahd Nehf;fk; my;y. khwhf xU fUj;jpd; mbg;gilapy;
xU muir epWtp kWkyu;rr ; pia nfhz;L tUtNjahFk;. ,jw;F kpf rupahd cjhuzk;> K`k;kJ(]y;)
mtu;fSf;F ,];yhkpa nra;jp my;yh`;(RG)tplkpUe;J te;jNghJ> mtu;fs; kf;fis ,];yhkpa Nfhl;ghl;bd;
mbg;gilapy; mioj;jhu;fs;. mjhtJ xU Fwpgg ; pll; rpej
; id fUj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; xUq;fpizj;J> me;j
mbg;gilapNyNa kf;fis tho;tjw;F topfhl;bdhu;fs;. kjpdhtpy; ,jd; mbg;gilapNyNa xU muir
epWtpdhu;fs;. gpwF mtu;fs; ,t;thW nrhd;dhu;fs;.
tzf;fj;jpwF; upa ,iwtd; my;yh`;(RG) xUtidj;jtpu NtW ahUk; ,y;iy. K`k;kJ(]y;) mtDila
J}ju; vd;w fypkhit kf;fs; Vw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; tiuapy; mtu;fSld; Nghu; nra;Ak;gb ehd; fl;lisaplg;gl;Ls;Nsd;.
mtu;fs; ,ij Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhy; ,iwtd; ehbdhyd;wp mtu;fSila capUf;Fk; clikf;Fk; vd;dhy;
ve;jtpj jPqF
; k; Vw;glhJ. ,t;thNw mtu;fs; ,e;j fUj;jpd; mbg;gilapNyNa kf;fSf;F miog;G tpLj;jhu;fs;.
gpwF kjPdhtpy; kWkyu;rr ; p Vw;gl;lJ. gpwF> muGyfpy; Vw;gl;lJ. gpwF ,];yhj;jpy; ,ize;J ,];yhkpa
newpKiwfspdg ; b tho;ej
; kf;fs; rKjhak; midj;jpYk; kWkyu;rr ; p Vw;gl;lJ.
,d;W midj;J ,lq;fspYk; ,];yhkpa r%fk; tPor ; r
; p mile;Js;sJ. fle;j ,UE}W tUlq;fshf mJ
jd;id kW rPuikf;f Kad;W tUfpwJ. muRfs; ,];yhk; my;yhj rl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; Ml;rpKiwfspdg ; b
mikf;fg;gLfpwJ. mjhtJ F/Gu; Ml;rp Kiwfspd;gb> ngUk;ghyhd ,];yhkpa ehLfspy; ,t;thNw
eilngWfpwJ. rpy ,lq;fspy; ,];yhkpa Ml;rpKiwapy; muR mikf;fg;gl;lhYk; ,iw rl;lq;fNshL F/
GUla rl;lq;fs; ,izf;fg;gl;L Ml;rpKiwNa F/GUila Ml;rpKiwahf khwptpLfpwJ. rpy ehLfspy;
,];yhkpa Ml;rpKiwapy; muR mikf;fg;gl;lhYk; mbg;gilapy; ,];yhkpa rpej ; id ,y;iy. ,];yhkpa
mbg;gilapy; muRfs; mikf;fg;gl;lhYk; ,iwrl;lq;fs; ve;j kWkyu;rr ; pia Vw;gLj;j Ntz;LNkh mij
Vw;gLj;JtJk; ,y;iy. kWkyu;rr; pia Vw;gLj;jty;yJ vd;dntdpy; ,];yhkpa rpej ; idapd; mbg;gilapy;
mikf;fg;gLk; Ml;rpKiwjhd;. mjhtJ ,];yhkpa mbg;gil Nfhl;ghl;bd;gb. MfNt
tzf;fj;jpwF; upatd; my;yh`;(RG)itj;jtpu NtW ahUk; ,y;iy. K`k;kJ(]y;) mtDila J}ju; vd;w
fypkhtpd; mbg;gilapy; mikf;fg;gLk; muNr kWkyu;rr
; pia Vw;gLj;j KbAk;. ,];yhkpa Ml;rpKiw> ,];yhkpa
rl;l
; q;fs; ,itfs; vy;yhtw;Wf;Fk; capNuhl;lkhf cs;sJ yh,yh` ,y;yy;yh`; K`k;kJu; u]_Yy;yh`;
vd;w fypkhtpd; capNuhl;lk; ,y;iynadpy; ,itahTk; capuw;w cly; Nghd;wjhFk;. ,itfshy; kl;Lk;
kWkyu;rr ; pia xUNghJk; nfhz;L tu ,ayhJ.
,khk; mg+`dP/gh(u`;) mtu;fs; kj;`g;gpd; gbNah muir epWtpdhYk; kWkyu;rr ; p te;JtplhJ. khwhf
yhapyh` ,y;yy;yh`; K`kJu; u]_Yy;yh`; vd;w fypkhtpd; mbg;gilapyj ; hd; muR mikf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
gpwF my;yh`;tpd(; RG) rl;lq;fs; mjd; kjpgG; f;F jf;fthW mky; nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. mitfs; my;yh`;(RG)tpd;
Vty; tpyf;fy; gw;wpa fl;lisfshf mky; elj;jg;gl Ntz;LNk jtpu mitfspd; ed;ikfs; kw;Wk; mitfspd;
cyf gad;fs; gw;wpa fz;Nzhl;lj;Jld; mky;gLj;jg;glf;$lhJ.
MfNt ,d;W ,];yhkpa r%fj;jpy; kWkyu;rr ; p Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lnkdpy; me;j r%fk; fypkhtpd; mbg;gilapy;
jkJ tho;it rPuikj;Jf; nfhz;L> Ml;rpiaAk; mjpfhuj;ijAk; me;j fypkhtpd; mbg;gilapy; epWtp>
midj;J tho;tpay; tptfhuq;fisAk; me;j fypkhtpdg ; b mjhtJ my;yh`;(RG) K];ypkf ; Sf;F ,e;j
rl;lq;fis mUsp ,Uf;fpwhd; vd;w xNu xU mbg;gilapy; kl;LNkad;wp NtW ve;j fhuzk; nfhz;Lk; my;y.
MfNt kWkyu;rr; p eprr
; akhf tUk;. ,];yhkpa r%fk; jq;fSila cd;djkhd epiyia eprr ; akhf kWgbAk;
milAk;. gpwF K];ypkf ; s; midj;Jyf kf;fspd; eyDf;F cupa gzpapid Jtq;Fthu;fs;.