DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICALEDUCATION

ANDHRAPRADESH
Name : K. Ramprasad
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : AEIE
Institute : QQGPT, HYD
Semester : V Semester
Subject : Linear IC Applications
Subject code : AEI-505
Topic : Introduction To Op-amp
Duration : 50 min
Sub Topic : integrator
Teaching Aids : Diagrams.

AEI-505.23 1
 Objectives

Upon the completion of this topic the student will

be able to learn about
• Definition of integrator

• Circuit description of integrator

AEI-505.23 2
 Recap

In the last class, we have studied about

• OP –Amp
• Summer
• Subtractor

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 Definition

• A circuit whose output is integral of its input voltage is

called as integrator
• OP – Amp may be used as integrator

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INTEGRATOR

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 Derivation

• The expression for the output voltage Vo can be

obtained by writing kirchhoff’s current equation
at node V2
• i1 = IB + IF
• Since IB is negligibly small
• i1 =iF

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 Derivation
• The relationship between current through and voltage
and across capacitor
• iC = C.(dVc/dt)
• Therefore
Vin  V2 d
 CF (v2  vo )
R1 dt
• But v1= v2 is nearly equal to zero because A is very large

Vin d
 CF (vo )
R1 dt
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• The output voltage can be obtained by integrating both
sides with respect to time
t t
vin d

0
R1
dt  C
0
F
dt
( vo

 C F ( vo )  C
t
1
 vo 
R1CF v
0
in dt  C

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• Where C is the integrated time constant
• Its value is proportional to the value of the
output voltage Vo at t = 0seconds

• The above equation shows that the output

voltage is directly proportional to the negative
integral of the input voltage
• It is inversely proportional to the time
constant R1CF
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A square wave input produces a triangular wave at
output.

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If the input is sine wave the output is cosine
wave.

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 Applications

Integrator circuit is used in

• analog Computer ,

• analog to digital converter (ADC)

• wave shaping circuits.

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 Summary

In this class we have studied about

• OP – Amp as Integrator

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 Quiz

1. For an integrator if the input is a sine wave then

the output will be
a) Triangular wave
b) Square wave
c) Saw tooth wave
d) Cosine wave

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 Quiz

• Draw the circuit diagram of integrator?

• Explain the operation of integrator?

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