DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH

Name : SMT.RANI KAVATI

Designation : LECTURER
Branch : Applied Electronics and Instrumentation
Engineering
Institute : S.G.P.R GOVT Polytechnic,Kurnool
Semester : V Semester
Subject : PROCESS CONTROL
Subject code : AEI-504
Topic : controller principles
Duration : 100 min
Sub Topic :Essential elements of an analog controller
Teaching Aids : Animations.
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 Recap
In last class we have discussed the following
• Process characteristics

• Controller modes

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 Objectives

Upon the completion of this topic, you would be able to

know about

• Essential elements of an analog controller

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Analog controller:

• A device that implements the controller modes using analog

signals to represent the loop parameters.

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 Analog signals

• Electric current

• Pneumatic air pressure

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Essential elements of an analog controller

•Physical layout

•Front panel

•Side panel

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Analog Controller

Fig 1

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 Physical Layout

• Analog controller are usually designed to fit into a panel

assembly as a slide in/out module as shown in figure 1

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 Front panel

• Front panel of an analog controller displays

information for operators and allows adjustment of the
set point

• The set point knob moves a sliding scale under the fixed
set point indicator

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• In a fixed span of measurement above & below the set point
is visible as indicator by the measurement meter indicator

• The lower meter in a front panel shows the controller output

expressed in % of span 4-20mA or 3-15 PSI

• 0% output indicates 4mA and 100% output indicates 20 mA

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 Side panel

• On the side panel of the controller proportional, integral

(reset) and derivative (rate) gains can be adjusted by the
knobs available

• Filtering action and reverse/ direct operation can be

selected.

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 Summary

We have discuss about

• Essential elements of analog controller

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 Quiz

1. Give one example of analog signal

b) Pneumatic signal

c) Electrical signal

d) Sinusoidal signal

e) a and b

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 Frequently asked Questions

• List the essential elements of an analog controller and explain

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