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an mn hoc: Chi Tit May

Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai


PHN I

CHON NG C IN
VA PHN PHI T S TRUYN
1. Chon ng c in :
ng c in c chon phai tn dung c toan b
cng sut cua ng c. Khi lam vic khng qua nong, co kha
nng qua tai trong thi gian ngn, co momen m may u ln
thng momen can ban u cua phu tai.
Nh vy, ng c in c chon phai co cng sut nh
mc ln hn hoc bng cng sut cua phu tai t trn truc
ng c, hay cng sut cn thit.
N CT =

Trong o:
-

Vi

NCT : Cng sut cn thit


N : Cng sut trn bng tai
: Hiu sut truyn ng

N=

p v 2275 1,09
=
= 2,48 ( kw )
1000
1000

=1 1 3 4 5
Tra bang 2 - 1 (TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)
1 = 0,85 - hiu sut b truyn truc vt
2 = 0,98 - hiu sut b truyn banh rng
3 = 0,87 - hiu sut b truyn xch
4 = 0,995 - hiu sut cua mt cp ln
5 = 1 - hiu sut cua khp ni
= 0,85 0,98 0,97 0,995 1 = 0,79
2,48
= 3,14 ( kw )
Vy cng sut cn thit: N CT =
0,79

Cn phai chon cng sut ng c in ln hn cng sut


NCT. Chon s b ng c che kn co quat gio. Tra bang 2P
(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), chon ng c k hiu
A02 - 41 - 4.
Cng sut ng c Nc = 4(kw)
S vong quay cua ng c nc = 1450(v/p)
2. Phn phi t s truyn:
Ti s truyn truyn ng: i =
tang

nc
; vi nt : s vong quay cua
nt

60 1000 v 60 1000 1,09


=
= 33 ,32 ( v / p )
D
3,14 625
1450
i=
= 43,52
33,32

nt =

Mt khac:

i = i V iR iX

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 3

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
- iV : ti s truyn cua b truyn truc vt
- iR : ti s truyn cua b truyn banh rng tru
rng nghing
- iX : ti s truyn cua b truyn xch
Chon trc iX = 1,81
Suy ra

i V i R =

43 ,52
= 24 ,18 ;
1,81

Ly iV = 8 i R =

24 ,18
=3
8

Tnh cng sut cho cac truc:


N1 = NCT 4 5 = 3,14 0,995 1 = 3,12(kw)
N2 = N1 4 1 = 3,12 0.85 0,995 = 2,64(kw)
N3 = N2 4 2 = 2,64 0,995 0.98 = 2,57(kw)
N4 = N3 4 3 = 2,57 0,995 0,97 = 2,48(kw)
Tnh s vong quay cho mi truc:
n1 = nc = 1450(v/p)
n2 = n1 / iV = 1450 / 8 = 181,25(v/p)
n3 = n2 / iR = 181,25 / 3 = 60,42(v/p)
n4 = n3 / iX = 60,42 / 1,81 = 33,31(v/p)
Tnh momen xon cho mi truc:
N CT
3,14
= 9,55 106
= 20680 ,69( N.mm)
nc
1450
N
3,12
M X1 = 9,55 10 6 1 = 9,55 10 6
= 20548 ,97 ( N.mm )
n1
1450
N
2,64
M X2 = 9,55 10 6 2 = 9,55 10 6
= 139100 ,69 ( N.mm )
n2
181,25
N
2,57
M X3 = 9,55 10 6 3 = 9,55 10 6
= 406214 ,83( N.mm )
n3
60,42
N
2,48
M X4 = 9,55 10 6 4 = 9,55 10 6
= 71017 ,71( N.mm )
n4
33,31
M c = 9,55 106

Bang h thng cac thng s tnh c:


Tr

uc
Thng
s
i
n(v/p)
N (kw)

M(N.mm)

Truc
ng c

Truc I

Truc II

1450
3,14

1450
3,12

iR
181,25
2,64

60,42
2,57

33,31
2,48

20680,69

20548,97

139100,69

406214,83

71017,71

iV

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Truc III

Truc IV
iX

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an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
PHN II
THIT K CAC B TRUYN
A
THIT K B TRUYN TRUC VT
1.
Chon vt liu, cach nhit luyn va nhit luyn:
Truc vt: ch tao bng thep 45, ti b mt.
Tra bang 3 - 8 (TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999) tm c cac gia tr
bk = 600(N/mm2)
ch = 300(N/mm2)
Banh vt : gia thit vn tc trt vt > 5(m/s). Chon vt
liu banh vt la ng thanh thic po 10_1, uc bng khun
cat.
Tra bang 4 - 4 (TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), tm c cac gia tr
ch = 100(N/mm2)
bk = 180(N/mm2)
2.

nh ng sut cho phep:


a. ng sut tip xuc cho phep:
Do banh vt co rng lam bng ng thanh thic co bn
chng dnh cao, nn ng sut tip xuc cho phep tnh theo
cng thc [ ] tx = (0,75 0,9) bk KN
bk : gii han bn keo cua banh vt
KN : h s chu ky ng sut
K 'N = 8

107
N t

; Nt : s chu ky tng ng

do tai trong khng thay i nn Nt = N


N = 60 n2 T ; T : tng s thi gian lam vic cua
b truyn .
N = 60 181,25 5,5 275 16 = 26,32 107 (chu ky)
H s chu ky ng sut K 'N = 8

10 7
= 0,664
26,32 10 7

ng sut tip xuc cho phep: [ ] tx = 0,9 180 0,664 =


107,57(N/mm2)
b. ng sut un cho phep:
Rng banh vt lam vic mt mt (truc vt quay mt chiu)
ng sut tun theo chu ky mach ng.
Do Nt = 26,32 107 > N = 25 107 nn ly Nt = 25 107
Suy ra h s chu ky ng sut K 'N = 8

10 7
= 0,67
25 10 7

Vy ng sut un cho phep: [ ] ou = (0,25

bk)KN
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

ch

+ 0,08
Trang 5

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
= (0,25 100 + 0,08 180)0,67
= 26,398(N/mm2)
3.
Chon s mi ren Z1 cua truc vt va tnh s rng Z2
cua banh vt:
Chon s mi ren cua truc vt : Z1 = 3
S rng cua banh vt :
Z2 = i Z1 = 8 3 = 24
S vong quay cua banh vt : n2 = n1

Z1
3
= 1450
= 181,25( v / p )
Z2
24

4.
Chon s b tr s hiu sut, h s tai trong va
tnh cng sut trn banh vt:
S mi ren truc vt Z1 = 3, truc vt dn ng nn chon s
b hiu sut = 0,85
Cng sut trn truc vt : N1 = 3,12(kw)
Cng sut trn banh vt : N2 = N1 = 0,85 3,12 =
2,652(kw)
Chon s b h s tai trong: K = 1,1
5.
nh moun m va h s ng knh q theo iu kin
bn tip xuc:
Tnh m3 q theo cng thc:
1,45 10 6
m 3 q 3
[ ] tx Z 2

K N2
1,45 10 6 1,1 2,64

= 3
= 15,68
n2
107 ,57 33 181,82

Tra bang 4 - 6 (TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999) chon cac gia tr : m =


9; q = 8.
Khi o m3 q = 16 thoa man diu kin trn.
6.
Kim nghim vn tc trt, hiu sut va h s
tai trong :
a. Vn tc trt:
Vn tc trt trong b truyn truc vt - banh vt co
phng theo ng tip tuyn vi ng ren truc vt.
vt =

m n1
8 1450 2
Z12 + q 2 =
3 + 82 = 5,19( m / s )
10100
10100

Nh vy, vn tc trt tnh c phu hp vi d oan


khi chon vt liu banh vt.
b. Hiu sut cua b truyn truc vt trong trng hp
truc vt dn ng:
= ( 0,96 0,98 )

tg
tg ( + ' )

Vi : goc vt cua truc vt


: goc ma sat tng ng ; = .arctgf
Tra bang 4 - 7 (TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), vi Z1 = 3, q = 8,
chon = 1400210 = 14,040.
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 6

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
Tra bang 4 - 8 (TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), vi vt = 5,19 (m/s),
chon f = 0,024, nn goc ma sat tng ng = .arctgf =
1,370
0
) = 0,893 0,911
tg(14,04
= ( 0,96 0,98)
0
tg (14,41 )

chon = 0,9.
Tr s hiu sut khng chnh lch nhiu so vi d oan
nn khng cn tnh lai cng sut trn banh vt.
c. H s tai trong K:
H s tai trong tnh theo cng thc: K = Ktt K
Ktt : h s tp trung tai trong
K : h s tai trong ng
Do tai trong khng thay i nn chon Ktt =1
Vn tc vong v2 cua banh vt :
v2 =

.d 2 .n 2
.m.Z 2 n 2 3,14 8 24 181,25
=
=
= 1,82( m / s )
60 1000 60 1000
60 1000

Vi v2 = 1,82 < 3 nn ly K = 1,1, suy ra K = Ktt K = 1 1,1


= 1,1, phu hp vi d oan.
Vn tc v2 = 1,82 (m/s) < 2 nn chon cp chnh xac cua
b truyn truc vt la: 9.
7.
Kim nghim sc bn un cua rng banh vt
Kim nghim ng sut un sinh ra tai chn rng banh vt
theo cng thc:
15 106 K N 2
u = 3
[] u
m Z2 y q n 2
vi y : h s dang rng tra theo s rng tng ng cua
banh vt
Z2
24
Z t =
=
= 18
3
3
Cos Cos (14,04 0 )
Tra bang 3 - 18 (TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), chon h s dang
rng y = 0,451
u =

15 10 6 1,1 2,64
= 6,79 ( N / mm 2 )
83 24 0,36 8 181,25

Nh vy, ng sut un sinh ra tai chn rng banh vt thoa


man iu kin bn un
u [ ]u = 26,398(N/mm2).
8.
Kim nghim sc bn rng banh vt khi chu qua tai
t ngt:
Nu b truyn truc vt phai lam vic qua tai vi h s
qua tai Kqt , cn kim nghim ng sut tip xuc va ng
sut un qua tai.

t x qt

tx

K qt

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

[ ]t x qt
Trang 7

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
u qt = u.Kq t
[ ]u qt
Trong o u = 6,79(N/mm2) , con t x tnh theo cng thc 4 - 19
(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999).
3

tx =

512000
Z2 / q

Z2

+1

K N 2
A
n2

Mt khac khoang cach truc A c tnh theo cng thc :

Z2
512000
A
+1

3
q
Z 2 []
tx
q

24
512000
K N 2 =
+
1

n2
8
24 107 ,57

1,1 2,64

= 137 ,17 ( mm )
181 ,25

chon A = 140(mm)
3

tx

512000
24 / 8

24

+1

1,1 2,64
8

= 104 ,32 ( N / mm 2 )
140 181 ,25

ng sut tip xuc cho phep khi qua tai t ngt:


V vt liu banh vt lam bng ng thanh thic nn
[ ]t x qt = 4 ch = 4 100 = 400(N/mm2)
ng sut un cho phep qua tai khi t ngt
[ ]u qt = 0,8 ch = 0,8 100 = 80(N/mm2)
vy t x qt = t x K qt = 104,32 1,3 = 118,0(N/mm2) [ ]t x qt
u qt = u.Kqt = 3,81 1,3 = 4,953(N/mm2) [ ]u qt
9.
nh cac thng s hnh hoc chu yu cua b truyn
truc vt :
S mi ren cua truc vt Z1 = 3
S rng cua banh vt Z2 = 24
Moun doc truc vt bng moun ngang cua banh vt : m = 8
Bc ren cua truc vt : t = m = 3,14 8 = 25,12
Goc profin ren cua truc vt : = 200
Goc vt cua ren truc vt
: = 1400210
Khoang cach truc: A = 0,5 m (q + Z2 + 2 ) = 0,5 9(8 + 24)
= 128(mm)
H s ng knh: q = 8
H s chiu cao rng: f0 = 1
Chiu cao u rng: h' = f0 m = 1 8 = 8(mm)
H s khe h hng tm: c0 = 0,2
Chiu cao chn rng: h" = (f0 + c0)m = (1 + 0,2)8 = 9,6(mm)
Bc xon c cua ren truc vt : S = t Z1 = 28,26 3 =
84,78(mm)
ng knh vong chia truc vt : dc1 = q m = 8 8 = 64(mm)
ng knh vong nh truc vt : De1 = dc1 + 2f0m = 64 + 2 1
8 = 80(mm)
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 8

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
ng knh vong chn ren truc vt : Di1 = dc1 - 2f0m - 2c0m
= 64 - 2 8 - 2 0,2 8 =
44,8(mm)
ng knh vong ln truc vt : d1 = dc1 = 64(mm)
ng knh vong chia banh vt : dc2 = Z2 m = 24 8 =
192(mm)
ng knh vong nh rng banh vt : De2 = (Z2 + 2f0)m
= (24 + 2 1)8 = 208(mm)
ng knh ngoai cung cua banh vt :
Khi Z1 = 3 Dn De2 + 1,5m = 208 + 1.5 8 = 220(mm)
Chiu dai phn co ren cua truc vt (Z1 = 3):
L (12,5 + 0,09 Z2)m = (12,5 + 0,09 24)8 = 117(mm)
V truc vt c mai nn tng thm chiu dai L, do m <
10(mm) nn L tng thm 25(mm). Suy ra L = 117 + 25 = 142(mm)
Chiu rng banh vt (Z1 = 3): B 0,75De1 = 0,75 80 =
60(mm).
Chon B = 50(mm)
10.
Tnh lc tac dung:
Lc tac dung ln b truyn truc vt gm: lc vong, lc
hng tm, lc doc truc.
Lc vong P1 trn truc vt co tr s bng lc
doc truc Pa2 trn banh vt P1 = Pa 2 =

2 M x1
; Mx1 : momen
d1

xon trn truc vt.


P1 = Pa 2 =

2 20548 ,97
= 642 ,17 ( N )
64

Lc vong P2 trn banh vt bng lc doc truc


trn banh vt
-

P2 = Pa1 =

2 M x2
; Mx2 : momen xon trn banh vt.
d2

Mx2 = M1 iV = 20548,97 8 0,9 =


147952,58(N.mm)
P2 = Pa1 =

2 147952 ,58
= 1541 ,17 ( N )
192

Lc hng tm Pr1trn truc vt bng lc hng


tm Pr2 trn banh vt
Pr1 = Pr2 = P2 tg = 1541,17 tg200 = 590,94(N)
-

11.
Kim nghim sc bn va cng un cua thn
truc vt
b truyn lam vic bnh thng, thn truc vt phai co
u sc bn va cng. Chon truc vt mt u lp trn 2
cn chn, con u kia lp trn ln , nn vong
cua truc vt phai thoa man iu kin:
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 9

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
f =

(7 P l

+ 3P2 d c1l 2 ) + ( 7 P1l 3 )


2

768 EJ

trong o:
f : vong ln nht cua truc
[f] : vong cho phep cua truc vt, ly [f] = (0,005
0,01)m
E : moun an hi cua truc vt. E = 2,1 105(N/mm2)
P1,P2,Pr: lc vong trn truc vt, lc vong trn banh vt,
lc hng tm.
dc1 : ng knh vong chia truc vt
l : khoang cach gia 2 gi truc vt
J : momen quan tnh tng ng cua tit din thn truc
vt
J=

D 4i1
64

D
0,375 + 0,625 e1
D i1

De1, Di1 : ng knh vong chn ren va ng knh vong


nh cua truc vt.
Vi N2 < 8(kw) l = 0,8De2 = 0,8 234 = 187,2(mm)
J=

3,14 44 ,8 4
80
5
4
0,375 + 0,625
= 2,95 10 ( mm )
64
44
,
8

suy ra
f =

(7 590 ,94 187 ,2

+ 3 1541 ,17 187 ,2 2 ) + (7 642 ,16 187 ,2 3 )


= 0,001 ( mm )
768 2,1 10 5 2,95 10 5
2

Mt khac: [f] = 0,01m = 0,01 8 = 0,08(mm)


f = 0,001 < [f]. thoa man iu kin.

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 10

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai

THIT K B TRUYN BANH RNG


TRU RNG NGHING

1.
Chon vt liu banh rng va cach nhit luyn:
Chon vt liu banh rng nho la : thep 55
Cach nhit luyn : thng hoa
HB = 210
bk = 660(N/mm2)
ch = 330(N/mm2)
( gia thit ng knh phi di 100mm, phi ren.)
Chon vt liu banh rng ln: thep 45
Cach nhit luyn: thng hoa
HB = 180
bk = 580(N/mm2)
ch = 290(N/mm2)
( gia thit ng knh phi 100 300mm, phi ren.)
2.

nh ng sut tip xuc va ng sut un cho phep:


a. ng sut tip xuc cho phep:
[ ]tx = [ ]Notx HB KN
[ ]Notx: ng sut tip xuc cho phep khi banh rng lam
vic lu dai
KN : h s chu ky ng sut tip xuc
K 'N =

N0
; N0 : s chu ky c s cua ng cong moi
N t

Nt : s chu ky tng ng
Do vt liu banh rng la thep cacbon trung bnh thng hoa.
Tra bang 3 - 9
(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)
[ ]Not x = 2,6HB
N0
= 107
Trng hp banh rng chu tai khng i Nt = N = 60 n
T
S chu ky lam vic tng ng cua banh ln
Nt2 = 60 60,42 5,5 275 16 = 8,8 107
S chu ky lam vic tng ng cua banh nho
Nt1 = Nt2 iR = 3 8,8 107 = 26,4 107
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 11

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
V s chu ky Nt1, Nt2 > N0, do o h s chu ky ng sut KN
cua banh nho va banh ln ly KN = KN = 1
ng sut tip xuc cho phep cua banh nho: [ ]tx1
= 2,6 210 1 = 546(N/mm2)
ng sut tip xuc cho phep cua banh ln : [ ]tx2
= 2,6 180 1 = 468(N/mm2)
b. ng sut un cho phep:
Khi rng lam vic mt mt (rng chu ng sut thay i
manh )

1,51 K "N
=
nK

[ ] tx

Trong o :
-1 : gii han moi un trong chu ky i xng (i vi
thep -1 = 0,425 bk)
KN : h s chu ky ng sut un

N
= 0
N t

K"
N

n : h s an toan
K : h s tp trung ng sut chn rng
S chu ky tng ng cua banh ln :
Nt2 = 60 n3 T = 60 60,42 5,5 275 16 = 8,8
7
10
S chu ky tng ng cua banh ln :
Nt1 = Nt2 iR = 3 8,8 107 = 26,4 107
Do Nt1 , Nt2 > N0 = 5 106, chon KN = 1
Gii han moi un cua thep 55: -1 = 0,425 660 =
280,5(N/mm2)
Gii han moi un cua thep 45: -1 = 0,425 580 =
246,5(N/mm2)
H s an toan cua banh rng lam bng thep ren thng
hoa: n = 1,5
H s tp trung ng sut chn rng i vi banh rng
lam bng thep thng hoa K = 1,8
ng sut un cho phep cua banh rng nho:

[] u1

1,5 280 ,5 1
= 155 ,8( N / mm 2 )
1,5 1,8

ng sut un cho phep cua banh rng ln:


SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 12

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai

[]u1 = 1,5 246 ,5 1 =136 ,9( N / mm 2 )


1,5 1,8

3.

Chon s b h s tai trong: K = Ktt K = 1,3

4.

Chon h s chiu rng banh rng : A =

b
= 0,4
A

5.
Xac nh khoang cach truc A:
Khoang cach truc A c tnh theo cng thc:
1,05 10 6
A ( i + 1)
[ ] tx i
3

KN 3

'
A n 3

Chon h s = 1,25
A ( i +1)

1,05 10 6

468 3

1,3 2,57

0,4 1,25 60 ,42 = 158 ,2

chon A = 160(mm)

6.
Tnh vn tc vong v cua banh rng va chon cp
chnh xac ch tao banh rng :
Vn tc vong cua banh rng tru:
v=

d1n1
2An 2
2 3,14 160 181,25
=
=
= 0,76( m / s )
60 1000 60 1000 ( i + 1)
60 1000 ( 3 + 1)

Tra bang 3 - 1(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), chon cp chnh xac 9.


7.
nh chnh xac h s tai trong va khoang cach truc A
H s tai trong K c tnh theo cng thc: K = Ktt K
Trong o:
Ktt: h s tp trung tai trong
K: h s tai trong ng
i vi b truyn banh rng co kha nng chay mon (HB
300, v 15m/s ), nu tai trong khng i co th ly Ktt = 1
Tra bang 3 - 14 (TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), chon h s tai
trong K = 1,2( gia thit b

2,5m n
) K = 1 1,2 = 1,2
Sin

V tr s K chnh lch so vi khi chon s b nn khoang


cach truc chnh xac la:
A = A s b3

K
1,2
= 160 3
= 156 ( mm )
K s b
1,3

8.
Xac nh moun, s rng, chiu rng banh rng va goc
nghing cua rng:
Moun phap: mn = (0,01 0,02)A = (0,01 0,02)156 = (1,56
3,12). Ly mn = 2
S b chon goc nghing = 140, cos = 0,97
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 13

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
2 ACos

2 156 0,97

= 37 ,83 , ly Z1 = 38
S rng banh nho: Z1 = m ( i + 1) = 2( 3 + 1)
n
S rng banh ln: Z2 = i Z1 = 3 38 = 114
Tnh chnh xac goc nghing theo cng thc :
( Z + Z 2 ) m n = ( 34 + 114) 2 = 0,9744
Cos = 1
= 13,0030
2A
2 156
Chiu rng banh rng : b = A A = 0,4 156 = 62,4. Chon b
= 62(mm)
i vi b truyn banh rng tru, nn ly chiu rng b
cua banh rng nho ln hn chiu rng cua banh rng ln
khoang 5 10, chon khoang ln hn la 8 mm. Chon b rng
banh rng banh nho B = 62(mm), b rng banh rng banh ln B
= 56(mm).

9.
Kim nghim sc bn un cua rng:
Tnh s rng tng ng:
Z1
38
=
= 41
3
Cos 0,9744 3
Z2
114
=
= 123
Banh ln Zt1 =
3
Cos 0,9744 3

Banh nho Zt1 =

H s dang rng : tra bang 3 - 18(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)


Banh nho y1 = 0,476
Banh ln y2 = 0,517
H s tng kha nng tai khi tnh theo sc bn un cua
banh rng nghing = 1,5
Kim nghim sc bn un tai chn rng banh rng nho

19,1 10 KN 2
19,1 1
u1 =
=
"
2
y1m n Z t1bn 2
0,476 2 4
6

u1 < [ ]u1 = 155,8(N/mm2)


Kim nghim sc bn un tai chn rng banh rng ln
u 2 = u1

u2

y1
0,476
= 45,98
= 42,33( N / mm 2 )
y2
0,517

< [ ]u2 = 136,9(N/mm2)

10. Kim nghim sc bn banh rng khi chu qua tai t


ngt:

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 14

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
Trong qua trnh lam vic b truyn co th b qua tai t
ngt(luc m may, ham may, ... ), vi h s qua tai K qt =

M qt
M

Mqt : momen xon qua tai


M : momen xon danh ngha
Cn kim nghim ng sut ln nht khi qua tai.
- ng sut tip xuc cho phep khi qua tai: [ ]txqt = 2,5[ ]Notx
= 2,5 2,6 HB
Banh nho: [ ]t xqt 1 = 2,5 2,6 210 = 1365(N/mm2)
Banh ln: [ ]t xqt 2 = 2,5 2,6 180 = 1170(N/mm2)
- ng sut un cho phep khi qua tai: [ ]uqt = 0,8[ ]ch
Banh nho: [ ]uqt 1 = 0,8 330 = 264(N/mm2)
Banh ln : : [ ]uqt 2 = 0,8 290 = 232(N/mm2)
Kim nghim sc bn tip xuc khi qua tai: txqt =
[ ]txqt
tx: ng sut tip xuc
[ ]txqt: ng sut tip xuc cho phep khi qua tai
Kqt: h s qua tai
1,05 106
Vi tx =
Ai

( i + 1) 3 KN 3
bn 3 '

1,05 106
=
156 3

tx

K qt

( 3 + 1) 3 1,3 2,64 = 485,92( N / mm2 )


62 60,42 1,25

H s qua tai Kqt = 1,8


txqt = 485,92 1,8 = 651,93(N/mm2)
Vy ng sut tip xuc qua tai nho hn tr s cho phep
i vi banh nho va banh ln.
Kim nghim sc bn un khi qua tai: uqt = uKqt [ ]uqt
Banh nho: uqt1 = 45,98 1,8 = 82,764(N/mm2) uqt1 <
[ ]uqt1
Banh ln: uqt2 = 42,33 1,8 = 76,194(N/mm2) uqt2 <
[ ]uqt2
11. nh cac thng s hnh hoc chu yu cua b truyn :
Da vao bang 3 - 2(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), xac nh c
cac kch thc chu yu cua b truyn.
Moun phap mn = 2
S rng Z1 = 38, Z2 = 114
Goc n khp = 200
Goc nghing = 13,0030
ng knh vong chia:
m n Z1
2 38
=
= 78( mm )
Cos 0,9744
m Z
2 114
= n 2 =
= 234 ( mm )
Cos 0,9744

d c1 =

d c2

ng knh vong ln:


SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 15

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
d1 = dc1
d2 = dc2
Khoang cach truc A = 156(mm)
Chiu rng banh rng b = 62(mm)
ng knh vong nh
De1 = dc1 + 2mn = 78 + 2 2 = 82(mm)
De2 = dc2 + 2mn = 234 + 2 2 = 238(mm)
ng knh vong chn
Di1 = dc1 - 2mn - 2cmn = 78 - 2 2 - 2 0,25 2 =
73(mm)
Di2 = dc2 - 2mn - 2cmn = 234 - 2 2 - 2 0,25 2 =
229(mm)
12. Tnh lc tac dung:
Lc tac dung ln banh rng chia lam ba thanh phn: lc
vong P, lc hng tm Pr, lc doc truc Pa. cac lc nay tnh
toan tai tm n khp ( bo qua lc masat ).
Lc vong: P =

2 M x 2 2 139100 ,97
=
= 3566 ,68( N )
d1
78

Lc hng tm: Pr =

Ptg n
3566 ,68 tg 20 0
=
= 1332 ,27 ( N )
Cos
0,9744

Lc doc truc: Pa = Ptg = 3566,68 tg(13,0030) =


823,63(N)

THIT K B TRUYN XCH

1.
Chon loai xch:
B truyn xch khng yu cu phai lam vic m, vn tc
lam vic khng cao, nn chon loai xch ng con ln, no thoa
man cac yu cu ma gia thanh lai re hn.
2.
nh s rng cua a xch:
S rng cua a xch cang t th xch cang nhanh mon, va
p cua mt xch vao rng cua a xch cang tng, xch lam
vic cang n. Do o, cn han ch s rng nho nht cua a
xch.
Vi ti s truyn ix = 1,81, tra bang 6 - 3(TKCTM - NXBGD 1999), chon s rng cua a xch nho Z1 = 27, s rng cua a
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 16

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
xch ln Z2 = ix Z1 = 1,81 27 = 48,87. Chon s rng cua a
ln Z2 = 48.
3.
nh bc xch:
Bc xch t c chon theo iu kin han ch ap sut
sinh ra trn ban l, va s vong quay trong 1 phut cua a xch
phai nho hn s vong quay gii han.
H s iu kin s dung:
K = K KA Ko Kc Kb Kc
Trong o:
K = 1: h s xet n tnh cht cua tai trong
ngoai, v tai trong m, khng i.
KA = 1: h s xet n chiu dai xch, chon A =
(30 50)t
Ko = 1: h s xet n cach b tr b truyn,
ng ni tm hai tm
a hp vi ng nm ngang mt goc nho hn
0
60 .
Kc = 1,25: h s xet n kha nng iu chnh
lc cng xch, do truc
khng iu chnh c va khng co con ln hoc a
cng xch.
Kb = 1,5: h s xet n kha nng bi trn, chon
bi trn nh ky.
Kc = 1,25: h s xet n ch lam vic cua
b truyn, b truyn lam vic 2 ca
K = 1 1 1 1,25 1,5 1,25 = 2,344
H s rng cua a dn:
KZ =

Z 01 25 25
=
=
= 0,93
Z1 Z1 27

H s vong quay cua a dn (chon s vong quay n01 =


50v/p )
Kn =

n 01
50
=
= 0,83
n1
60,42

Cng sut tnh toan:


Nt = K KZ Kn N3 = 2,344 0,93 0,83 2,57 = 4,65(kw)
Tra bang 6 - 4(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), vi n01 = 50(v/p), chon
bc xch t thoa man iu kin Nt [N]. Chon xch mt day
co bc t = 31,75, din tch ban l
F = 262,2(mm2), cng
sut cho phep [N] = 6,1(kw).
Kim nghim s vong quay cua a dn theo iu kin n1
ngh
ngh: s vong quay gii han.

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 17

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
Tra bang 6 - 5(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), chon s vong quay
gii han cua a dn co th la ngh = 760(v/p).
Nh vy, s vong quay cua a dn thoa man iu kin.
4.
nh khoang cach truc va s mt xch:
nh s b khoang cach truc: A = 40t = 40 31,75 =
1270(mm)
Tnh s mt xch theo cng thc:
2

Z + Z 2 2A Z 2 Z1 t
27 + 48
48 27 1
X= 1
+
+
=
+ 2 40 +
= 117,8

2
t
2
2 A
2 3,14 40

Chon s mt xch X = 118 tranh dung mt xch


chuyn.
S ln va p u cua ban l xch trong mt giy:
u=

4 v Z1n 1 27 60,42
=
=
= 0,92
L 15X
15 118

Tra bang 6 - 7(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), chon s ln va p


cho phep cua xch trong mt giy la [u] = 25
Vy u [u]
Tnh chnh xac khoang cach truc A:

Z +Z
Z +Z
t

Z Z
A = X 1 2 + X 1 2 8 2 1
4
2
2

2
2
31,75
27 + 48
27 + 48
48 27

118
=
+ 118
= 1274( m m)
8
4
2
2

2 3,14

am bao vong bnh thng, tranh cho xch khng b


cng qua, nn giam khoang cach truc A mt khoang A =
0,003A = 0,003 1274 4(mm).
Khoang cach truc chnh xac A = 1270(mm)
5.
Tnh ng knh vong chia cua a xch:
ng knh vong chia cua a dn:
d c1 =

t
31,75
=
= 273( mm )
0
180
180 0
Sin
Sin
Z1
27

ng knh vong chia cua a b dn:


d c2 =

6.

t
31,75
=
= 485( mm )
180 0
180 0
Sin
Sin
Z2
48

Tnh lc tac dung ln truc:


R=

6 10 7 K t N 1
Z1 tn 1

Kt = 1,15: h s xet n tac dung cua trong lng


xch ln truc khi b truyn nm ngang.
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 18

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
R=

6 10 7 1,15 2,57
= 3233 ,69 ( N )
27 31,75 60 ,42

PHN III
A

TNH TOAN THIT K TRUC VA THEN

THIT K TRUC

1. Chon vt liu:
Vt liu ch tao truc cua hp giam tc dung thep 45
thng hoa
2. Tnh sc bn truc:
a. Tnh s b truc:
xac nh ng knh s b truc, co th dung cng
thc tnh s b truc ch xet n tac dung cua momen xon
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 19

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
trn truc, v khng xet n tac dung cua tai trong gy nn
bin dang un, nn gia tr ng sut cho phep ly nho hn
gia tr thc t.
d = C3

N
( mm )
n

Trong o:
- d: ng knh truc
- N: cng sut truyn
- n: s vong quay trong mt phut cua truc
- C: h s tnh toan phu thuc ng sut xon
cho phep [ x]
i vi vt liu truc la thep 45, khi tnh ng knh u
truc vao cua hp giam tc va truc truyn ng chung, co
th ly C = 110 130.
Truc I: N1 = 3,12(kw)
n1 = 1450(v/p)
d1 = 130 3
Truc II:

3,12
= 16 ,78 ( mm )
1450

N2 = 2,64(kw)
n2 = 181,25(v/p)
d2

=130 3

2,64
= 31 ,75 ( mm )
181 ,25

Truc III:
N3 = 2,57(kw)
n3 = 60,42(v/p)
d3

=130 3

2,57
= 45 ,38 ( mm )
60 ,42

b. Tnh gn ung:
Chon chiu rng bi tra theo bang 14P, ly tr s
ng knh truc d = 35(mm) B = 21(mm).
tnh cac kch thc chiu dai truc, chon cac kch
thc sau:
- Khoang cach gia cac chi tit quay (khe h gia cac banh
rng): 15(mm)
- Khe h gia canh banh rng va thanh trong cua hp:
10(mm)
- Khoang cach t thanh trong hp n mt bn cua ln:
l2 = 10(mm)
- Chiu rng : B = 21(mm)
- Chiu cao cua np va u bulng: l3 = 18(mm)
- Chiu rng banh vt: Bv = 67(mm)
- Khoang cach t np n mt canh cua chi tit quay
ngoai hp: l4 = 15(mm)
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 20

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
- Chiu dai phn moay lp ni truc: l5 = 1,5 40 =
60(mm)
Tng hp cac kch thc phan trn, tm c chiu dai
cac oan truc cn thit va khoang cach gia cac gi .
a = Bv / 2 + l2 + B/ 2 + khoang cach t thanh trong n
banh rng
= 60/ 2 + 10 + 19 / 2 +10 = 59,5(mm)
b = Bv / 2 + Br / 2 + khoang cach gia cac chi tit quay
= 60/ 2 + 62/ 2 +15 = 76(mm)
c = B/ 2 + l2 + Br / 2+ khoang cach t thanh trong hp n
banh rng ln
= 21/ 2 + 10 + 56/ 2 +10 = 58,5(mm)
l1 = B/ 2 + l3 + l4 + l5/ 2 = 21/ 2 +18 + 15 + 60/ 2 = 73,5(mm)
L1 = (h1 + h2) = 0,8De2 = 0,8 234 = 187,2(mm)
Do N1 < 8(kw) h1 = h2 = 93,6(mm)
Xac nh im t, phng chiu cua cac lc tac dung
ln tru, v tr gi .
Truc I (truc vt ):
RAx P
Cac gia tr tn c:
RAy
r1
Mx = 20548,97(N.mm)
P1 = Pa2 = 642,16(N)
P2 = Pa1 = 1541,17(N) Pk
P 1 h1
l1
Pr1 = Pr2 = 560,94(N)
Tai trong phu do khp ni gy ra:
Pk = 0,3P1 = 0,3 642,16 = 192,64(N).
Phng chiu Pk c ly trong trng
hp bt li nht, la lam truc b bin dang
un nhiu nht.
Cac lc Pt,Pk tac dung trong mt phng
nm ngang, Pa,Pr tac dung trong mt
phng thng ng.

Pa1

RBy

RBx

h2

Mux

Muy

Tnh phan lc cac gi :

Mx

dc1
=0
2

= R By ( h1 + h2) Pr1h1 Pa1

R By

64

560,94 93,6+ 1541,17

Pr1h1 + Pa1 c2
2

=
=
= 543 ,9( N )
h1 + h2
187 ,2

Ay

RAy + RBy - Pr1 = 0 RAy = Pr1 - RBy = 560,94 + 543,9 = 1134,85(N)


SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 21

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai

Ax

= R Bx ( h1 + h2 ) + P1h1 + Pk l1 = 0

R Bx =

P1h1 + Pk l1 642 ,16 93,6 + 192 ,64 73,5


=
= 396 ,72 ( N )
h1 + h 2
187 ,2

RAx + RBx - P1 +Pk = 0 RAx = P1 - Pk - RBx = 642,16 - 192,64 396,72 = 52,8(N).


Tnh momen un nhng tit din nguy him:
Tai tit din n - n:
Muy = RBy h1 + Pa1d1/ 2 = - 543,9 93,6 + 1541,17 64/ 2 = 1591,6(N.mm)
Mux = RBxh2 = 396,2 93,6 = 37132,99(N.mm)
M un-n = M u + M uy = 37132 ,99 2 + 1591 ,6 2 = 37167 ,08 ( N.mm )
2

Momen un tng ng:


M t = M 2 u + 0,75M 2 x = 37167,082 + 0,75 20548,972 = 41207,95( N.mm)
ng knh truc tai tit din nguy him:
d 3

M t
; [ ] = 50(N/mm2): ng sut un cho phep
0,1[ ]

d 3

41207 ,85
= 20 ,19 ( mm )
0,1 50

ng knh vong chn ren: d = 44,8(mm)


Chon ng knh ngng truc lp : d = 35(mm)
Chon ng knh u ra truc: d = 32(mm) chon bng
ng knh truc ng c in
RCx

Truc II:
RCy
Cac lc tac ydung ln
banh vt:
Mx2 = 139100,97(N.mm)
Pa2 = 642,16(N)
P2 = 1541,17(N)z
P2
Pxr2 = 590,94(N)

Pr2

Pr1

Pa2

Pa1

RDy

RDx

d2
P

Cac lc tac dung ln banh rng dn:


Pa1 = 823,63(N)
Pr1 = 1332,27(N)
P1 = 3566,68(N)

d1

Mux

Muy

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 22
Mx

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai

Tnh phan lc tai cac gi :

m Cy = Pr 2 a Pr'1 ( a + b) + R Dy ( a + b + c ) Pa' 1

d1'
d
+ Pa 2 2 = 0
2
2

d1'
d
Pr 2 a Pa 2 2
2
2
R Dy =
a +b+c
78
192
1332 ,27 ( 59,5 + 76 ) + 823,63
590 ,94 59,5 642 ,16
2
2 = 597 ,06 ( N )
=
59,5 + 76 + 58,5
Pr'1 ( a + b ) + Pa' 1

RCy + RDy + Pr2 - Pr1 = 0


RCy = - RDy - Pr2 + Pr1 = -590,06 - 590,94 + 1332,27 = 144,27(N)

Cx

= P2 a P1' ( a + b ) + R Dx ( a + b + c ) = 0

P1' ( a + b ) + P2 a
a +b +c
3566 ,68 ( 59 ,5 + 76 ) + 1541 ,17 59 ,5
=
= 2963 ,84 ( N )
59 ,5 + 76 + 58,5

R Dx =

RCx + RDx - P1 - P2 = 0
RCx = P1 + P2 - RDx = 1541,17 + 3566,68 - 2963,84 = 2144(N)
Tnh momen un nhng tit din nguy him:
Tai tit din e - e:
Muy = RCy a + Pa2d2/ 2 = 144,27 59,5 + 642,17 192/ 2 =
70231,14(N.mm)
Mux = RCxa = 2144 59,5 = 127568(N.mm)
M ue -e = M ux + M uy = 70231,14 2 + 127568 2 = 146397,69 ( N.mm )
2

Momen un tng ng:


M t = M 2 u + 0,75M 2 x = 146397,692 + 0,75 20548,972 = 188991,58( N.mm)
ng knh truc tai tit din nguy him:
d 3

M t
; [ ] = 50(N/mm2): ng sut un cho phep
0,1[ ]

d 3

188991 ,58
= 33 ,59 ( mm )
0,1 50

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 23

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
Chon ng knh truc tai tit din e - e ln hn so vi
tnh toan v truc co ranh then: d = 35(mm)
Tai tit din i - i:
Muy = RDy c + Pa1 d1/ 2 = 597,06 58,5 + 823,63 78/ 2 =
67049,58(N.mm)
Mux = RDxa = 2963,84 59,5 = 173384,64(N.mm)
M ui-i =

M u + M uy = 173384 ,64 2 + 67049 ,58 2 = 18597 .49 ( N.mm )


2

Momen un tng ng:

REy E

Pa2

30

38

35

30

M t = M 2 u + 0,75M 2 x = 18597,492 + 0,75 139100,972 = 221516,79( N.mm)


Chon ng knh truc tai tit din e - e ln hn so vi
tnh toan v truc co ranh then: d = 38(mm). chon ng knh
lp ln d = 30(mm)

Pr

RFy

Rx

P2
R

Ex
Truc III:
Cac lc tac dung ln banh rng: a+
b
Pa2 = 823,63(N)
Pr2 = 1332,27(N)
P2 = 3566,68(N)

Cac kc tac dung ln banh xch dn:


Rx = 3233,69(N

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

RFy
c

l1

Mux

Muy

Mx
Trang 24

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai

Ey

= Pr 2 ( a + b ) + R x ( a + b + c + l1 ) R Fy ( a + b + c ) + Pa 2

R Fy =
=

Pr 2 ( a + b ) + R x ( a + b + c + l1 ) + Pa 2
a +b+c

d2
=0
2

d2
2

1332 ,27 ( 59,5 + 76 ) + 3233 ,69 ( 59,5 + 76 + 58,5 + 73,5) + 823,63


59,5 + 76 + 58,5

234
2 = 4660 ,94 ( N )

REy + RFy - Pr2 - Rx = 0


REy = - RFy + Pr2 + Rx = - 4660,94 +1332,27 +3233,69 = 96,98(N)

= R Fx ( a + b + c ) + P2 ( a + b ) = 0

R Fx =

P2 ( a + b ) 3566 ,68 ( 59 ,5 + 76 )
=
= 2491 ,16 ( N )
a +b +c
59 ,5 + 76 + 58,5

REx + RFx - P2 = 0 REx = - RFx + P2 = - 2491,16 + 3566,68 =


1075,52(N)
Tnh momen un tit din nguy him:
Tai tit din g - g:
Muy = REy(a+b) + Pr2d2/ 2
= - 96,98(59,5 +76) + 1332,27 234/ 2 = 142466,51(N.mm)
Mux = REx(a+b) = 1075,52(59,5 + 76) = 145732,96(N.mm)
M ug-g = M 2ux + M 2uy = 145732 ,96 2 +142466 ,51 2 = 203800 ,89 ( N.mm )
Momen tng ng
M t = M u + 0,75M 2x = 203800 ,89 2 + 0,75 406214 ,832 = 406562 ( N.mm )
2

ng knh truc tai tit din nguy him:


d 3

M t
; [ ] = 50(N/mm2): ng sut un cho phep
0,1[ ]

d 3

406562
= 43 ,32 ( mm )
0,1 50

Chon ng knh truc tai tit din g - g ln hn tnh toan


mt t, do truc co ranh then, d = 50(mm)
Tai tit din h - h:
Mux = 0
Muy = Rxl1 = 3233,69 73,5 = 237676,2(N.mm)
Muh - h = 237676,2(N.mm)
Momen tng ng
M t = M 2u + 0,75 M 2x = 237676 ,2 2 + 0,75 406214 ,83 2 = 424556 ( N.mm )
ng knh truc tai tit din nguy him:
d 3

M t
; [ ] = 50(N/mm2): ng sut un cho phep
0,1[ ]

d 3

424556
= 43 ,95 ( mm )
0,1 50

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 25

45

50

45

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
Chon ng knh truc tai tit din h - h ln hn tnh toan
mt t, do truc co ranh then, d = 45(mm). y cung chnh la
ng knh ngong truc.

c. Tnh chnh xac truc:


H s an toan tnh theo cng thc:
n n
n=
[ n]
n2 + n2
Trong o
n : h s an toan ch xet ring ng sut phap
1
n =
K
a + m

n : h s an toan ch xet ring ng sut tip
1
n =
K
a + m

trong cac cng thc trn
-1 va -1: gii han moi un va xon ng vi chu ky
i xng. Ly gn ung -1 = 0,45 b;
-1 = 0,45 b
a va a: bin ng sut phap va tip sinh ra trong
tit din truc
a = ( max - min)/ 2, a = ( max - min)/ 2
m va m: gia tr trung bnh cua ng sut phap va tip
m = ( max + min)/ 2, m = ( max + min)/ 2
V truc quay nn ng sut phap thay i theo chu ky i
xng:
a = max = min= Mu/ W; m = 0.
B truyn lam vic mt chiu, nn ng sut tip thay
i theo chu ky mach ng
a = m = max / 2 = Mx/2W0
W, W0: momen chng un va momen chng xon cua
tit din truc
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 26

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
, : h s xet n s anh hng cua tr s ng
sut trung bnh n sc bn moi. i vi thep cacbon trung
bnh chon = 0,1, = 0,05.
H s tng bn = 1
K , K : h s tp trung ng sut
, : h s xet n anh hng kch thc tit
din truc n gii han moi
Kim nghim I(truc vt):
+ Xet mt ct n - n:
Gii han moi un: -1 = 0,45 600 = 270(N/mm2)
Gii han moi xon: -1 = 0,45 600 = 150(N/mm2)
Momen chng un(truc co tit diin tron):
d 3 3,14 50 ,4 3
=
= 12562 ,56 ( mm 3 )
32
32
d 3 3,14 50 ,4 3
=
= 25124 ,72 ( mm 3 )
Momen chng xon: W0 =
16
16

W=

Momen xon: Mx = 20548,97(N.mm)


Momen un: Mu = 33033,06(N.mm)
Bin ng sut:
a =

M u 33033 ,06
=
= 2,63( N / mm 2 )
W
12562 ,56

a =

Mx
20548,97
=
= 0,41( N / mm 2 )
2 W0 2 25124,72

H s tp trung ng sut: K = 2,5 , K = 1,8


Tra bang 7 - 4(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999),chon = 0,85, =
0,73
Chon [n] = n1 n2 n3
n1: h s xet n mc quan trong cua chi tit, khi
truc gay may dng lai
n1 = 1,3
n2: h s xet n chnh xac khi xac nh tai trong
va ng sut n2 = 1,3
n3: h s xet n anh hng cua vt liu n3 = 1,5
[n] = 1,3 1,3 1,5 =2,535
Thay s :
n =

n=

270
= 34 ,9
2,5
;
2,63
0,85

n n
n2 + n2

n =

34,9 145,42
34,9 2 + 145,422

150
= 145 ,42
1,8
0,41 + 0,05 0,41
0,73

= 33,94

vy n > [n]

Kim nghim truc II:


+ Tai mt ct e - e:
Gii han moi un: -1 = 0,45 600 = 270(N/mm2)
Gii han moi xon: -1 = 0,45 600 = 150(N/mm2)
Momen xon: Mx = 139100,97(N.mm)
-

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 27

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
Momen un: Mu = 146397,69(N.mm)
Tra bang 7 - 3b(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)
Momen chng un: W = 3660(mm3)
Momen chng xon: W0 = 7870(mm3)
Bin ng sut:
M u 146397,63
=
= 39,99( N / mm 2 )
W
3660
M x 139100,97
a =
=
= 8,84( N / mm 2 )
2 W0
2 7870

a =

H s tp trung ng sut: K = 1,63 , K = 1,5, tra bang 7 8(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)


Tra bang 7 - 4(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999),chon = 0,85, =
0,73
n =

Thay s
n =

270
= 3,52
1,63
;
39 ,99
0,85

150
= 8,06
1,5
8,84 + 0,05 8,84
0,73

nn

n=

3,52 8,06

= 3,22

vy n > [n]
n +n
3,52 + 8,06
+ Tai tit din i - i:
Gii han moi un: -1 = 0,45 600 = 270(N/mm2)
Gii han moi xon: -1 = 0,45 600 = 150(N/mm2)
Momen xon: Mx = 139100,97(N.mm)
Momen un: Mu = 193807,02(N.mm)
Tra bang 7 - 3b(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)
Momen chng un: W = 4660(mm3)
Momen chng xon: W0 = 10040(mm3)
Bin ng sut:
2

M u 193807,02
=
= 41,59( N / mm 2 )
W
4660
M x 139100,97
a =
=
= 6,93( N / mm 2 )
2 W0
2 10040

a =

H s tp trung ng sut: K = 1,49 , K = 1,5, tra bang 7 8(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)


Tra bang 7 - 4(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), chon = 0,85, =
0,73
Thay s
n =

n=

270
150
= 3,70 n =
= 10 ,28
1,49
1,5
;
41,59
6,93 + 0,05 693
0,85
0,73

nn
n2 + n2

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

3,7 10,28
3,702 + 10,282

= 3,48

vy n > [n]

Trang 28

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
- Kim nghim truc III:
+ Tai tit din g - g:
Gii han moi un: -1 = 0,45 600 = 270(N/mm2)
Gii han moi xon: -1 = 0,45 600 = 150(N/mm2)
Momen xon: Mx = 406214,83(N.mm)
Momen un: Mu = 203800,89(N.mm)
Tra bang 7 - 3b(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)
Momen chng un: W = 10650(mm3)
Momen chng xon: W0 = 22900(mm3)
Bin ng sut:
M u 203800 ,89
=
= 19,14( N / mm 2 )
W
10650
Mx
406214,83
a =
=
= 8,87( N / mm 2 )
2W0
2 22900

a =

H s tp trung ng sut: K = 1,63 , K = 1,5, tra bang 7 8(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)


Tra bang 7 - 4(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999),chon = 0,78, =
0,67
Thay s
n =

n=

270
150
= 6,75 n =
= 7,39
1,63
1
,
5
;
19 ,14
8,87 + 0,05 8,87
0,78
0,67

n n
n2 + n2

6,75 7,39
6,752 + 7,392

= 4,98

vy n > [n]

+ Tai tit din h - h:


Gii han moi un: -1 = 0,45 600 = 270(N/mm2)
Gii han moi xon: -1 = 0,45 600 = 150(N/mm2)
Momen xon: Mx = 406214,97(N.mm)
Momen un: Mu = 237676,2(N.mm)
Tra bang 7 - 3b(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)
d 3 3,14 45 3
=
= 8941 ,64 ( mm 3 )
32
32
d 3 3,14 45 3
=
= 17883 ,28 ( mm 3 )
Momen chng xon: W0 =
16
16

Momen chng un: W =

Bin ng sut:
a =

M u 406214 ,83
=
= 26,58 ( N / mm 2 )
W
8941 ,64

a =

Mx
237676 ,2
=
= 11,36( N / mm 2 )
2W0 2 17883,28

H s tp trung ng sut: K = 1,63 , K = 1,5, tra bang 7 8(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999)


Tra bang 7 - 4(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999),chon = 0,82, =
0,70
Thay s
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 29

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
n =

n=

270
150
= 5,11 n =
= 6,02
1,63
1,5
;
26 ,58
11,36 + 0,05 11,36
0,82
0,70

nn

5,11 6,02

= 3,895
vy n > [n]
n +n
5,112 + 6,022
Nh vy, kim nghim truc am bao an toan khi lam vic.
2

TNH THEN
c nh cac chi tit may quay trn truc, dung mi ghep
then. V vy yu cu phai tnh toan va chon then thch hp
may co th lam vic an toan. Then la tit may a c
tiu chun hoa. Chon loai then lp trn cac chi tit quay la
then bng, vt liu bng thep.
Chiu dai then l = 0,8lmoay . Kim nghim theo sc bn dp
va sc bn ct.
2Mx
[ ] d
dtl

iu kin bn dp:

d =

iu kin bn ct: c =

2Mx
[ ] c
dbl

Trong o :
Mx: momen xon cn truyn
d: ng knh truc
l: chiu dai then
b: b rng then
t: chiu su cua ranh trn moay
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 30

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
d, c: ng sut dp va ct thc t
[ ]d, [ ]c: ng sut dp va ct cho phep
-

Tnh then trn truc I:


+ Tai mt ct e - e:
ng knh truc lp then d = 35(mm)
Chiu dai moay lm = 1,5 35 = 53(mm)
Chiu dai then l = 0,8 3 = 51(mm)
Tra bang 7 - 23(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999) chon kch thc then:
b = 10, h = 8, t1 = 4,5, t2 = 3,6, k = 4,2
Momen xon Mx = 139100,97(N.mm)
Tra bang 7 - 20(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999): ng sut dp cho
phep
[ d] = 150(N/mm2), ng sut ct cho
phep [ c] = 120(N/mm2)
iu kin bn dp: d

2 139100 ,97
= 57 ,49 ( N/mm2 )
32 3,6 42

< [ d], diu kin bn dp c thoa man.

iu kin bn ct: c =

2 139100 ,97
= 20 ,69 ( N/mm2 )
32 10 42

+ Tai mt ct i - i:
ng knh truc lp then: d = 38(mm)
Chiu dai moay lm = 1,5 38 = 57(mm)
Chiu dai then l = 0,8 57 = 46(mm)
Tra bang 7 - 23(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999) chon kch thc then:
b = 12, h = 8,
t1 = 4,5, t2 = 3,6, k = 4,4
-

Tnh then trn truc III:


ng knh truc lp then: d = 50(mm)
Chiu dai moay: lm = 1,2 50 = 60(mm)
Chiu dai then: l = 0,8 60 = 48(mm)
Tra bang 7 - 23(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999) chon kch thc then:
b = 16, h = 10, t1 = 5, t2 = 5,2, k = 6,2
Tra bang 7 - 20, 7 - 21(TKCTM - NXBGD - 1999), ng sut dp
cho phep
[ d] = 150(N/mm2), ng sut ct cho phep
[ c] = 120(N/mm2)
iu kin bn dp: d

2 406214 ,83
= 52 ,08 ( N/mm2 )
50 5,2 60

< [ d], diu kin bn dp c thoa man.

iu kin bn ct: c =

2 406214 ,83
= 16 ,93 ( N/mm2 ) ,
50 16 60

< [ c]

Vy then sau khi kim nghim am bao co th lam vic


c.

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 31

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai

PHN IV

THIT K GI TRUC

1.
Chon vt liu :
Truc I(truc vt ): ng knh lp ngong truc d = 35(mm).
Truc vit co lc doc truc va lc hng tm ln, va theo
gia thit tnh vong cua truc vt, nn chonmt u
truc vt lp cn chn ( thng lp 2 ), v nay
chu ng thi lc doc truc va lc hng tm, kha nng
tai ln. Loai nay thao lp n gian(thao ri vong ngoai),
iu chnh c khe h va bu lng mon thun tin.
u kia cua truc chon bi . Loai nay chu lc
R2
hng tm ln va mt phn lc
R1 doc truc
S b tr :
1
Pa
1

a
a
0
Tra bang 18P d kin chon
=10
1
H s kha nng lam vic
C =2 Q(nh)0,3 Cbang
Q : tai trong tng ng
n: vong quay cua
h: thi gian phuc vu
Theo yu cu n = 1450(v/p), h = 5,5 275 16 = 24200(h)
Tai trong tng ng: Q = (KvR + mA)KnKt
R: tai trong hng tm

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 32

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
A: tai trong doc truc
Kt: h s tai trong ng. Bang 8 - 3, chon Kt = 1
Kn: h s nhit , Kn = 1(bang 8 - 4)
Kv: h s xet n vong nao cua la vong quay, Kv =
1(bang 8 - 5)
m : h s chuyn tai trong doc truc v tai trong
hng tm, m = 1,5(bang 8 - 2)
Ta co:
R 1 = R 2Ax + R 2Bx = 52,8 2 + 1134,852 = 1136,08( N)

R 2 = R 2Bx + R 2By = 397,622 + 543,9 2 = 673,74( N)


Lc chiu truc: S = 1,3R1tg . V dung cn chn lp
trn mt u truc nn
Sa1 = 1,3 0,6 R1 tg = 1,3 0,6 1136,08 tg 100 =
156,25(N)
Sa2 = 1,3 0,4 R1 tg = 1,3 0,4 1136,08 tg 100 =
104,18(N)
Tng lc chiu truc: A = P1 + Sa1 - Sa2 = 1541,17 + 156,25 104,18 = 1593,24(N)
Tai trong tng ng 1:
Q1 = (1 1136,08 +1,5 1593,24)1 1 = 3525,94(N) =
352,6(daN)
C1 = Q1(nh)0,3 = 352,6(1450 24200)0,3
Chon theo bang 8 - 7, vi n = 1450(v/ p), h = 24200(h), ly
(nh)0,3 = 178
C1 = 62761,73. Tra bang 18P, vi d =
35(mm), chon loai co k hiu 7307, Cbang = 74000, ng
knh D = 80(mm), chiu rng B = 21(mm)
Tai trong tng ng 2:
Q2 = R2 = 673,74(N) = 67,4(daN)
Tra bang 14P, vi d =35(mm), chon loai co k hiu 107,
Cbang = 18500,ng knh ngoai D = 62(mm), chiu rng B =
14(mm).
Truc II: ng knh ngoai lp d = 30(mm)
D kin chon bi chn co goc = 160, k hiu
36000. B tr nh s sau:
H s kha nng lam vic:
C = Q(nh)0,3 Cbang
R2
R1
n = 181,25(v/p)
Pa1
h = 24200(h)
Pa
2

S12 = 2148,85( N )
R 3 = R 2Cx + R 2Cx = 21442 + 144,27
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

S2

Trang 33

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai

R 4 = R 2Dx + R 2Dy = 2963,842 + 597,062 = 3023,38( N )


Tng lc chiu truc: A = P a1 - Pa2 + S1 - S2
Vi S1 = 1,3 R3 tg = 1,3 2148,85 tg100 = 801(N)
S2 = 1,3 R4 tg = 1,3 3023,08 tg100 = 1127(N)
A = 823,63 - 642,16 + 801 - 1127 = -144,53(N)
Tai trong tng ng:
Q1 = (2148,85 + 1,5 144,53) = 2365,65(N) = 236,6(daN)
Q2 = (3023,38 + 1,5 144,53) = 3240,18((N) = 324(daN)
Q2 > Q1 nn chon cho gi II, con gi I ly cung
kch thc vi II tin cho vic ch tao va lp ghep.
Tra bang 8 - 7 chon (nh)0,3 = 95,5 C = 324 95,5 = 30942
Tra bang 17P, vi d = 30(mm), chon co k hiu 36306, Cbang
= 41000,ng knh ngoai D = 72(mm), chiu rng B =
19(mm).
Truc III: ng knh ngong truc d = 45(mm)
D kin chon bi chn co = 160, k hiu 36000.
RF
B tr nh s sau:
RE
Vi n = 60,42(v/p)
h = 24200(h)
P

a2

SE

SF

R E = R 2Ex + R 2Ey = 1054,572 + 1212,052 = 1606,6( N)


R F = R 2Fx + R 2Fy = 2512,112 + 57782 = 6300,47( N )
SE = 1,3REtg = 1,3 1606,6 tg160 = 598,89(N)
SF = 1,3RFtg = 1,3 6300,47 tg160 = 2348,62(N)
Tng lc doc truc:
A = SF - SE + P a2 = 2348,62 - 598,89 + 823,63 = 2573,36(N)
Tai trong tng ng
QF = (1 2348,62 +2573,36 1,5) = 6208,72(N) = 621daN
Tra bang 8 - 7 (nh)0,3 = 67,6
C = 621 67,6 = 41972,84
Tra bang 17P vi d = 45(mm), chon loai co k hiu 36209,
Cbang = 44000, ng knh vong ngoai D = 85(mm), chiu rng
B = 19(mm).
2.

Phng phap c nh trn truc va trong vo hp:


a) C nh trn truc:
- Dung ai c va m canh: thng dung khi lc
doc truc ln, co tin cy cao. lp m
canh trn truc, nn gia cng ranh trn truc bng

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 34

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
dao phay a. Tra bang 8 - 8, 8 - 9. Chon loai ren:
M33 1,5, D = 52, D1 = 42, h = 12, t = 4, b = 6.
m : d2 = 33,5, D2 = 44, D3 = 52.
- Dung m chn mt u: c nh mt u
vong trong cua bng 1 vt (i vi u lp
cua truc vit)
ng knh ngong d = 35.
Truc : D0 = 35, a = 10, d1 = 5
m ap: D = 45, H = 5, d2 = 5
Tm ham: B = 25, L = 34, C = 13, S = 0,8
Bulng : l = 25, d = 3
b) C nh trong vo hp:
i vi ua non lp truc vit th t vong ngoai cua
vao gia mt ty cua np va ng lot co th chu
c lc doc truc ln.
c) ng lot: ng lot lam bng gang xam GX 15 - 32.
Chiu day vai ng lot: 1 = = 8
Chiu day cua bch: 2 = = 8
cac mt bch cua ng knh ngoai va ng knh trong
nn vat t 2 3mm 450
ng knh bch: Db = D + 4,4d3; D = d + 2 = 72 + 2 8 = 88
D: ng knh ngoai cua ng lot
d: ng knh l ng lot
Db = 88 + 4,4 8 = 125
Khoang cach t b mt ngoai ng lot, n ng tm
cua bulng bt ng lot:
C= =8
Khoang cach t ng knh ngoai cua bch n ng tm
cua bulng :
h = 1,2d3 = 1,2 8 = 9,6
Phn li cua vo lam gi truc cach mt bn cua ng lot:
b = 1 + 0,4B = 8 + 0,4 21 = 16
ng knh ngoai cua ng lot co th lam nho hn: D-1 = D 1 = 88 -1 = 87
Chiu dai phn lam nho: 20 - 25
d) Np : c ch tao bng gang xam GX 15 - 32.
Co 2 loai np : np kn va np thung truc
xuyn qua
Truc I : co mt np thung
Truc II: co 2 np kn
Truc III: u ra cua truc lp np thung, u con lai
lp np kn,
Np : cac l tm bt vt nn ly cach mep l khoang
(0,8 1)d3; d3: ng knh vit.
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 35

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
ng knh ngoai cua mt bch: Db = D + 4,4d3

Chiu day bch cua np ly bng (0,7 0,8)


Chiu day thanh np (0,5 0,6)
i vi truc I: D = 72, d3 = M8, s lng : 6
i vi truc II: D = 72, d3 = M8, s lng : 4
i vi truc III: D = 85, d3 = M8, s lng : 6
i vi truc I: D = 72, d3 = M8, s lng : 6
i vi vi np thung co cu tao nh np kn,
nhng chiu day thanh trn cua np phai co chiu day thch
hp tao ranh lp vong pht ngn du.
Truc I: b day thanh trn np 12(mm)
Truc III: b day thanh trn np 13(mm)
Cac g cua np ty ln b mt lam cach mt trong
cua l lp t 0,5 1
Chiu dai bch: 0,8 = 0,8 8 = 6,4(mm), chon 6(mm)
Chiu day thanh np: 0,6 = 0,6 8 = 4,8(mm), chon
5(mm).

PHN V

KHP NI

Trong hp giam tc cua h thng dn ng, thng xay


ra va p, nn dung ni truc an hi giam bt tai trong
ng. Chon loai ni truc vong an hi.
Ni truc vong an hi ni vi nhau bng cac cht va co
boc vong an hi bng cao su.
Vt liu lam ni truc: Gang xam GX 21 - 40
Vt liu lam cht: thep 45 thng hoa
Cac kch thc cua ni truc:
Ni truc
d = 32; D = 140; d0 = 28
l = 82; c = 1 5
Cht
lc = 33; dc = 14
ren = M10
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 36

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
S cht Z = 6
Vong an hi
ng knh ngoai: D = 27
Chiu dai : lv = 28
iu kin v sc bn dp va sc bn un cua vong
an hi
d =

2 KM x
[ d ]
ZD 0 l v d c

u =

l c K Mx
[ u ]
0,1ZD0 d 3c

d: ng sut dp
u: ng sut un
Z: s cht
D0: ng knh vong tron i qua tm cac cht
D0 = D - d0 - 10 = 140 - 28 - 12 = 100(mm)
d0: ng knh knh l lp cht boc vong an hi
dc: ng knh cht
lv: chiu dai toan b cua vong an hi
[ d]: ng sutdp chi phep, [ d] = 2,5(N/mm2)
[ u]: ng sut un cho phep, [ u] = 70(N/mm2)
K: h s tai trong, K = 1,5
Mx = 20548,97(N.mm): momen xon truyn qua khp ni

2 1,5 20548 ,97


= 0,262 ( N / mm 2 )
6 100 28 14
1,5 20548 ,97 33
u =
= 6,18 ( N / mm 2 )
3
0,1 6 100 14

Vy d =

< [ d];

PHN VI

< [ u]

THIT K CU TAO CAC CHI TIT MAY,


BI TRN VA LP HP GIAM TC

1.
Cu tao banh rng:
Banh rng nho co de1 = 82 < 200(mm), nn banh rng khng
khoet l, ma ch lam ranh nho lam vu kep khi gia cng.

Banh rng ln co de2 = 238(mm)


B rng banh rng B = 62(mm)
ng knh l d = 50(mm)

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

C
dl

De2

lm

Trang 37

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai

dm = 1,6d = 1,6 50 = 80(mm)


lm = 1,5d = 1,5 50 = 75(mm)
C = 0,3B = 0,3 56 = 16,8(mm)
dl = 25(mm)
2.
Cu tao truc vt - banh vt : Truc vt thng dung la
truc vt Acsimet.
Banh vt thng lam ring vanh va thn, ri ghep lai vi
nhau. Vanh banh vt lam bng vt liu giam masat, con thn
banh vt lam bng gang xam.
3.

Cu tao a xch: a xch chon mt day

4.
Cu tao vo may:
Vo may co nhiu hnh dang cu tao khac nhau, bao am
v tr tng i cn thit gia cac chi tit va b phn
may, chu tai trong do cac tit may truyn n, bao am bi
trn va bao v cac tit may khoi bui.
Mt vo may cu tao gm nhng yu t sau: thanh hp,
nep gn, mt bch, gi ,..., lin h thanh mt khi. Vo
may c san xut ph bin bng phng phap uc, vt
liu uc la gang xam.
Hp giam tc banh rng hnh tru, thng thit k vo
hp ghep theo b mt i qua ng tm cac truc. Nh o
vic lp ghep, thao lp c thun tin .
B mt ghep cua vo hp song song vi mt , phn trn
goi la np hp, phn di goi la thn hp. Hnh dang cua
np va thn c xac nh da vao s lng va kch
thc cac banh rng, v tr cac mt ghep, s phn b cac
truc trong hp.
Chiu day thanh thn: = 0,025A + 3 = 0,025 156 +3 =
8(mm)
Chiu day thanh np: 1 = 0,02A + 3 = 0,02 156 +3 = 6
(mm)
Chiu day mt bch di cua thn hp: b = 1,5 =
12(mm)
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 38

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
Chiu day mt bch trn cua np hp: b1 = 1,5 1 =
9(mm)
Chiu day gn cua thn hp: m = 0,85 = 7(mm)
Chiu day gn cua np hp: m1 = 0,85 1 = 5(mm)
Chiu day mt : p1 = 1,5 = 12(mm), p2 = 2,5 =
20(mm)
ng knh bulng nn: dn = 0,036A + 12 = 0,036 156 +
12 = 16(mm)
ng knh cac bulng:
canh : d1 = 0,7dn = 12(mm)
Ghep mt bch np va thn: d2 = 0,6dn = 10(mm)
Ghep np : d3 = 0,5dn = 8(mm)
Khoang cach C1 t mt ngoai cua vo n tm bulng
d1: C1 = 1,2d1 + 8 = 1,2 12 + 8 = 22(mm)
d2: C1 = 1,2d2 + 8 = 1,2 10 + 8 = 20(mm)
dn: C1 = 1,2dn + 8 = 1,2 18 + 8 = 27(mm)
Chiu rng mt bch K (khng k chiu day thn va
np hp): K = C1 + C2;
C2 = 1,3d
d1: K = 22 + 1,3 12 = 38(mm)
d2: K = 20 + 1,3 10 = 33(mm)
dn: K = 30 + 1,3 18 = 48(mm)
Khoang cach t mep l n tm bulng d1 : e = 1,2d1 = 1,2
12 = 14(mm)
Chiu rng mt bch ch lp : l1 = K + 3 = 38 + 3 =
41(mm)
Chiu rng mt bch ch lp bulng nn: l1 = 48 +3 =
51(mm)
Khe h gia ay hp va banh rng ln hn 5

5.
Ghep np va thn hp: i vi vo hp co mt ghep
i qua truc, cn lam mt ghep u phn b cac bulng, ai
c va khi sit cht co th xoay cha vn i mt goc 600.
Khi sit bulng ghep np va thn hp co th lam v tr
gia np va thn b sai lch chut t, dn n vong ngoai cua
b bin dang. y la nguyn nhn lam chong hong. Khc
phuc hin tng nay th dung cht nh v, cac cht t
cang xa nhau cang tt.
Chon cht nh v hnh tru: do b + b1 = 9 + 12 = 21(mm),
nn chon chiu dai cht
l = 30(mm), d = 5(mm), c = 1(mm)
bang 10 - 10c

45
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

1: 50

Trang
39
c

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
6.
Nhng vn khac cua cu tao vo hp:
nng va vn chuyn hp gjam tc, dung bulng vong
trn np hoc lam vong moc. Hin nay hay dung vong moc.
Vong moc co th lam trn np hoc trn thn hp. ng
knh va chiu day nh sau: d = S = 3 = 3 8 = 24(mm).

Ca thm du: co lam thm li loc du


1 : np (CT3)
2 : Tay nm thng hi(CT3)
3 : m (ba cng)
4 : Vt(CT3), s lng: 4
Tra bang 10 - 12
4
3

2
1

25

35

R22

R7

10
15

thao du cu, lam ay hp mt l thao du. ay


hp nn lam nghing 1 - 20 v pha l thao du va ngay l
thao du nn lam lom xung mt t.

Bulng nut thao du: tra bang 10 - 14


M16 1,5
a=3
D
b = 12
f=3
e=2
q = 13,8
q
L = 23
D = 26

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

d
D1

kim tra mc du trong hp giam tc dung mt ch


du kiu en lo
d = 32
Trang 40
l

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
D = 60
D1 = 49
L = 12
Vt : M5

PHN VII
GIAM TC

TNH TOAN, BI TRN , HP

VA LA CHON KIU LP - DUNG SAI


LP GHEP

giam mt mat cng sut v masat, giam mai mon rng,


am bao thoat nhit tt, phong cac tit may han g, cn
phai bi trn lin tuc cac b truyn trong hp giam tc.
Kha nng lam vic va tui tho cua may phu thuc vao
vic la chon ung vt liu bi trn, phng phap bi trn
va lot kn.
1.
Vt liu bi trn:
Vt liu bi trn c dunh rng rai la du khoang va
m. Khi chon du cn tnh n nhit ng c, nhit
bc hi va cac hp cht khac.
2.

Bi trn b truyn xch:

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 41

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
Do b truyn xch la b truyn ngoai h, nn co th
bi trn nh ky bng m.
3.
Bi trn b truyn truc vt va b truyn banh rng:
Do vn tc vong cua b truyn truc vt va b truyn
banh rng vt 12(m/s2), nn dung phng phap bi trn bng
cach ngm du.
i vi hp giam tc truc vt - banh rng, khi truc vt t
di th ngm ngp chiu cao ren cua truc vt, hoc ngm
ngp chiu cao rng cua banh rng.Dung lng cua du trong
hp thng ly 0,8l cho 1kw cng sut truyn.
Nht lam vic cho phep cua cac loai du khng vt
qua [tmax] = 75 85 0C . Tra bang 10 - 18 chon nht cua du
50 0C la

116 (11 )
16 ( 2 )

T s ch nht o bng centistc


Mu s ch nht o bng Engle
Tra bang 10 - 20 chon loai du t may keo AK - 20
4.
Bi trn b trn b phn :
Cht bi trn b phn thng dung la m do co nhiu
u im: m t b chay ra ngoai, lp kn khe h gia tit
may quay va tit may c dnh, nh o bao v khoi bui.
M dung cho b phn lam vic lu dai, chng mon tt,
nht t thay i khi nhit bin thin.
Bi trn b phn bng m la la phng phap bi trn
n gian, ch cn nhet m vao b phn vi lng va u
bi trn sut thi ky lam vic. Tuy nhin khng nn cho m
qua nhiu v se lam tng nhit trong . Nu s vong
quay cua trung bnh th cho m lp y 2/3 th tch rng
cua b phn . i vi bi va bi chn vi s
vong quay cua di 300(v/p), nhit lam vic di 6000C
th chon loai m M.
5.
Lot kn b phn :
Nhm bao v khoi bui, cht bn, phoi kim loai, va cac
tap cht xm nhp vao , v nhng cht o lam chong
mon va g. Ngoai ra, lot kn con phong du chay ra ngoai.
i vi b phn truc vao va truc ra cua hp giam
tc, do bi trn bng du trong may nn phai lot kn bng
vong pht. Vong pht c lp trn np .
Vong pht lp trn ranh hnh thang, dung khi vn tc trt
v < 4 5(m/s2). Tra bang 8 - 29 chon vong pht nh sau:
Vong pht lp trn truc vt co ng knh ngong d =
35(mm)
d1 = 36; d2 = 34
D = 48; a = 9
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 42

d2

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
b = 6,5; S0 = 12
Vong pht lp trn truc ra cua hp giam tc co ng
knh ngong d = 45(mm)
d1 = 46; d2 = 44
D = 64; a = 9
b = 6,5; S0 = 12

b
So

ngn cach m trong va du trong hp, dung vong gi


du. Vong nay t 2 3 ranh tit din tam giac, cn lp sao
cho no lo ra khoi vo 1 2 (mm). Khe h gia ng lot hoc b
mt trong cua l lp vi mt ngoai cua vong ren ly
khoang 0,5mm.
a=6 9
t=2 3
b: ly bng chiu
cao cua g truc

6.
La chon kiu lp va dung sai:
Tui tho cua ln phu thuc rt nhiu vic lp ghep
cac vong vao truc va vo hp. Kiu lp cua trn truc va
vo hp phu thuc va ch lam vic va dang chu tai
cua .
Chon kiu lp cho bi va ua
Lp ln vao truc theo h thng l, vao vo hp theo
h thng truc
i vi vong quay, chon kiu lp bng di
cac vong khng th trt theo cac b mt cua truc hoc
cua l trong vo khi lam vc.
SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 43

an mn hoc: Chi Tit May


Thit K H Thng Dn ng Bng Tai
Do cac ln co vong trong quay vong ngoai ng yn. Vi
c tnh tai trong khng i chiu, nn vong trong chu tai
trong tun hoan, vong ngoai chu tai cuc b
Nh vy i vi vong chu tai cuc b thng chon kiu
lp co h, di tac ng cua va p va chn ng
th vong ln b s dch thay i min chu lc, lam cho
ln mon u hn nng cao bn cua . i vi vong chu
tai tun hoan thng chon kiu lp co di duy tr
tnh trang chu lc ng du cua .
Vong ngoai ln lp ghep co h, chu tai cuc b
chon kiu lp theo h thng l H7 (bang 4-7 TLDS - LG).
Vong trong cua ln ghep co di chon kiu lp theo
h thng truc:

Js 7
h6

Lp banh rng trn truc lp ghep theo h thng l chon


kiu lp:

H7
g6

Lp moay banh vt trn truc theo h thng l chon kiu


lp:

H7
g6

SVTH: L Thanh Vn

Trang 44

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