AERO 3110 Homework 7 Fall 2011

For an NACA 2412 airfoil at an angle of attack of 12: 1. Plot the streamlines of the flow. How does the Kutta condition affect the solution? For an NACA 0012 airfoil at an angle of attack of 6: 2. On a single graph, plot the pressure coefficient distribution for both the upper and lower surfaces. Include a legend to show which curve corresponds to the upper and lower surface, respectively. In convention with typical airfoil data, the y-axis should be reversed (i.e. Cp decreases in the positive y direction). How does your graph compare with Figure 4.35 (Fig. 4.29 in 3rd Edition) in the book? For an NACA 2412 airfoil at an angle of attack of 0: 3. On a single graph, plot the pressure coefficient distribution for both the upper and lower surfaces. Is the pressure on the lower surface always positive? 4. Compute the coefficient of lift, cl, by a) integrating the pressure over the airfoil surface and b) using the Kutta-Joukowski Theorem of Lift. How close are the two solutions? Which solution do you expect to be more accurate and why? For the following, you may choose any 4-digit NACA airfoil of your liking as long as it has positive lift at zero angle of attack (i.e. it must be cambered) 5. Produce a plot showing the variation of the lift coefficient (use Kutta-Joukowski theorem) with the number of panels used. The number of panels should vary from 10 to 400. How many panels are needed to get an accurate solution for the lift coefficient? How do you define accurate in this case? For example, how much more accurate is the solution using 400 panels vs. 200 panels. What is the tradeoff with using more panels? 6. Produce a plot showing the variation of cl with angle of attack. What is the zero lift angle of attack? What is the lift slope? 7. Using classical thin airfoil theory, what is the theoretical zero-lift angle of attack for this airfoil? What is the lift slope? Show your work. On the same graph as above, plot the theoretical (thin airfoil theory) cl vs. angle of attack. Clearly label each curve. How close do the two curves match? Which solution do you expect to be more accurate? Why? How close is your solution if you change the thickness of your airfoil to a very small value?