TRIGONOMTRIE : FORMULAIRE

Angles associs Une lecture efficace du cercle trigonomtrique permet de retrouver les relations suivantes : p cos + x = -sin(x) 2 p sin + x = cos(x) 2 cos(p x) = cos(x) sin(p x) = sin(x) cos(p + x) = cos(x) sin(p + x) = sin(x) px
p +x 2 p -x 2

p cos - x = sin(x) 2 p sin - x = cos(x) 2 x

p+x

cos(x) = cos(x) sin(x) = sin(x)

Relations entre cos, sin et tan cos2(x) + sin2(x) = 1 Formules d'addition cos(a b) = cos(a) cos(b) + sin(a) sin(b) sin(a b) = sin(a) cos(b) cos(a) sin(b) tan(a - b) = tan(a) - tan(b) 1 + tan(a ) tan(b) cos(a + b) = cos(a) cos(b) sin(a) sin(b) sin(a + b) = sin(a) cos(b) + cos(a) sin(b) tan(a + b) = tan(a) + tan(b) 1 - tan(a) tan(b) 1 + tan2(x) = 1 cos 2 ( x)

Formules de duplication cos(2a) = cos2(a) sin2(a) = 2 cos2(a) - 1 = 1 - 2 sin2(a)

Extensions : cos(3a) = 4cos3(a) - 3cos(a) Au del, utiliser la formule de Moivre.

sin(2a) = 2 sin(a) cos(a)

tan(3a) =

tan(2a) =
3tan( a ) - tan 3 ( a ) 1- 3tan 2 ( a )

2 tan(a) 1 - tan 2 (a)

sin(3a) = 3sin(a) - 4sin3(a)

Formules de linarisation cos2(a) =

Extensions :

1 + cos(2a) 2
cos( 3a ) + 3 cos( a ) 4

sin2(a) =

1 - cos(2a) 2
- sin(3a ) + 3 sin( a ) 4

tan2(a) =

1 - cos(2a) 1 + cos(2a)
- sin(3a ) + 3 sin( a ) cos(3a ) + 3 cos( a )

cos3(a) =

sin3(a) =

tan3(a) =

Au del, utiliser les formules d'Euler. Les formules d'Euler permettent galement de montrer que : cos(a) cos(b) =
1 [cos(a - b) + cos(a + b)] 2

cos(a) sin(b) =

1 [sin(a + b) - sin(a - b)] 2

sin(a) sin(b) =

1 [cos(a - b) - cos(a + b)] 2

cos(p) + cos(q) = 2 cos

p+q p-q cos 2 2 p+q p-q sin(p) + sin(q) = 2 sin cos 2 2

cos(p) - cos(q) = -2 sin

p-q sin 2 p-q p+q sin(p) - sin(q) = 2 sin cos 2 2

2 U

p+q

Rsolution d'quations trigonomtriques

U = p -V V

cos(U) = cos(V) (U = V [2p] ou U = -V [2p]) sin(U) = sin(V) (U = V [2p] ou U = p -V [2p]) tan(U) = tan(V) U = V [p]
V

Expression du cosinus, sinus et tangente en fonction de la tangente de l'angle moiti a Si t = tan , on a : 2

Formulaire de trigonomtrie

cos(a) =

2t 2t 1- t2 ; sin(a) = ; tan(a) = 1+ t2 1+ t2 1- t2
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