GABAY SA PAGBABANGHAY NG IBAT-IBANG ASPEKTO NG PANDIWA PARA SA FILIPINO 6

(A Guide to Conjugating the Different Verb Tenses for Filipino 6) Nigel Glenn N. Javier The Verb tense in Filipino can be determined if you understand the conjugation of the verb or the changes in the infinitive form of the verb based on the affix that is used in each tense. The Infinitive form is the combination of the root word and the affix. Here are the ways of conjugating a verb in Filipino. 1. Verbs with the prefix or infix um (um- ; -um-) Verbs with the prefix or infix um retain the infinitive form of the verb in forming the past tense (aspektong perpektibo). The um is retained and the first syllable of the root word is repeated in forming the present tense (aspektong imperpektibo). In forming the future tense (aspektong kontemplatibo), the um is dropped and the first syllable of the root word is repeated. Examples: Pawatas (Infinitive Rootword Perpektibo Imperpektibo Kontemplatibo form) umalis alis umalis umaalis aalis umiyak iyak umiyak umiiyak iiyak bumili bili bumili bumibili bibili lumakad lakad lumakad lumalakad lalakad
2. Verbs with prefixes

ma-, mag-, and mang- (ma- ; mag- ; mang-)

Verbs with the prefix ma-, mag- and mang- become na-, nag-, and nang- in the past tense. Na-, nag-, and nang- are retained and the first syllable of the root word is repeated in forming the present tense. In the future tense, ma-, mag-, and mang- are retained and the first syllable of the root word is repeated. Examples:

Pawatas (Infinitive form) matuwa mag-aral magtulungan mang-irap

Rootword Perpektibo Imperpektibo Kontemplatibo

tuwa aral tulong irap natuwa nag-aral nang-irap natutuwa nag-aaral nang-iirap matutuwa mag-aaral magtutulungan mang-iirap

nagtulungan nagtutulungan

3. Verbs with the prefix

i- (i-)

The infix in is added to the root word of verbs with the prefix i- in the past tense. If the root word begins with l, however, ni is added between the prefix iand the root word. In forming the present tense of the verb, the first syllable of

the root word is repeated and the prefix is retained. In forming the future tense of the verb, the in- is dropped and the first syllable is repeated. Examples:

Pawatas (Infinitive form) isulat ikabit ilagay iluto

Rootword Perpektibo Imperpektibo Kontemplatibo

sulat kabit lagay luto isinulat ikinabit inilagay iniluto isinusulat ikinakabit inilalagay iniluluto isusulat ikakabit ilalagay iluluto

4. Verbs with the prefix

ipa- and ipag- (ipa- ; ipag-)

In forming the past tense of verbs with the prefix ipa- and ipag-, the infix in is placed between ip and a for ipa- and between ip and ag for ipag-. In forming the present tense, the first syllable of the root word is repeated and the prefix in the past tense is retained. In forming the present tense, ipa- and ipagare used and the first syllable of the root word is repeated. Examples:

Pawatas (Infinitive form) ipasulat ipakabit ipaghele ipagbili

Rootword Perpektibo Imperpektibo Kontemplatibo

sulat kabit hele bili ipinasulat ipinakabit ipinaghele ipinagbili ipinasusulat ipinakakabit ipinaghehele ipinagbibili ipasusulat ipakakabit ipaghehele ipagbibili

5. Verbs with the suffixes

in and hin (-in ; -hin)

In forming the past tense of verbs with the suffixes in and hin, the infix in is added to the root word. If the root word begins with l, ni is prefixed to the root word. If the root word begins with a vowel sound, in is prefixed to the root word. In forming the present tense, the same affix used in the past is used and the first syllable of the root word is repeated. In forming the future tense, the first syllable of the root word is repeated and the suffixes in and hin are retained. Examples:

Pawatas (Infinitive form) batiin awitin linisin

Rootword Perpektibo Imperpektibo Kontemplatibo

bati awit linis binati inawit nilinis binabati inaawit nililinis babatiin aawitin lilinisin

burahin apihin

bura api

binura inapi

binubura inaapi

buburahin aapihin

6. Verbs with the suffixes

an and han (-an ; -han)

In forming the past tense of verbs with the suffixes an and han, in is infixed to the root word. If the root word begins with a vowel sound, in is prefixed to the root word. If the root word begins with l, ni is prefixed to the root word. In forming the present tense, the first syllable of the root word is repeated and the same affix used in forming the past tense is retained. In forming the future tense, the first syllable of the root word is repeated and the suffixes an and han are used. Examples:

Pawatas (Infinitive form) tapakan lapitan unahan samahan

Rootword Perpektibo Imperpektibo Kontemplatibo

tapak lapit una sama tinapakan nilapitan inunahan sinamahan tinatapakan nilalapitan inuunahan sinasamahan tatapakan lalapitan uunahan sasamahan

7. Verbs with the prefix

pa and suffixes in and hin (pa-,-in ; pa-,-hin)

In forming the past tense of verbs with the affixes, in is infixed between p and a, and the suffixes -in and -hin are dropped from the root word. In forming the present tense, the first syllable of the root word is repeated and the affixes used in forming the past tense are retained. In forming the future tense, the first syllable of the root word is repeated and the affixes pa-,-in and pa-,-hin are used. Examples:

Pawatas (Infinitive form) palipasin pauwiin pakantahin patakbuhin

Rootword Perpektibo Imperpektibo Kontemplatibo

lipas uwi kanta takbo pinalipas pinauwi pinakanta pinatakbo pinalilipas pinauuwi pinakakanta pinatatakbo palilipasin pauuwiin pakakantahin patatakbuhin

8. Verbs with the prefix

pa and suffix an and han (pa-,-an ; pa-,-han)

In forming the past tense of verbs with the affixes, in is infixed between p and a, and but the suffixes -an and -han are not dropped from the root word. In forming the present tense, the first syllable of the root word is repeated and the affixes used in forming the past tense are retained. In forming the future tense, the first syllable of the root word is repeated and the affixes pa-,-an and pa-,han are used.

Examples:

Pawatas (Infinitive form) paliguan papalitan pasabihan pasamahan

Rootword Perpektibo
ligo palit sabi sama pinaliguan pinapalitan pinasabihan

Imperpektibo Kontemplatibo
pinaliliguan pinapapalitan pinasasabihan paliliguan papapalitan pasasabihan

pinasamahan pinasasamahan pasasamahan