Topic 9

differentiation
 y =(3 x +2 ) 5

let u = 3x + 2
⇒ y = (u ) 5

dy du
= 5u 4 and =3
du dx
dy dy du
= ×
dx du dx

= 5u 4 × 3
=15u 4
= 15(3 x + 2) 4
 4
y =(6 x +7)
3
y = 5
(3 x −4)
2
y =1 +3x
 y =x 3
( 3 x +2 ) 2

let u = x3 and v = (3 x + 2) 2
du dv
= 3x 2 = 2(3x + 2)1 (3)
dx dx
= 6(3 x + 2)
dy
= x 3 [6(3 x + 2)] + [(3x + 2) 2 (3x 2 )]
dx
= 3 (3x + 2) [2 x (1) +1 (1)(3x + 2)]
2
x
= 3x 2 (3x + 2) [2 x + 3 x + 2]
2
= 3 x (3 x + 2)(5 x + 2)
 2
y = 4 x(5 x − 1)

4 6
y = x (1 + 2 x)

3
y = (6 x − 1)(3 x − 4)
 4x
y=
5x + 3
let u = 4x and v = 5x + 3
du dv
=4 =5
dx dx

dy (5 x + 3)( 4) (4 x)(5)
=
dx (5 x + 3) 2
20 x +12 −20 x
= 2
(5 x +3)
12
=
(5 x + 3) 2
 3x + 2 3x + 8
(a) (d ) 4
4x + 7 x +6

6x 2
x −1
(b) (e)
4 x −3 2
3x + 4

x2 4x
(c ) (f)
3x + 5 x+4
 dy ( x1 , y1 )
mtan gent =
dx

y − y1 = mt ( x − x1 )

mt × mn = −1 ( x1 , y1 )

y − y1 = mn( x − x1 )
y = 4 x 2 − 3x at point (1,1).
dy
dx
= 8x − 3
dy
When x = 1, = 8(1) − 3
dx
=5
Gradient of tangent = 5
y = 2 x 2 − 1 at point (2,7).
dy
dx
= 4x
dy
When x = 2, = 4(2) = 8
dx

y − 7 = 8( x − 2)
y − 7 = 8 x − 16
y = 8x − 9
 y = 6 x − x 2 at point (2,8).

dy
= 6 − 2x
dx
When x = 2,
y − y1 = mn ( x − x1 )
1
dy y − 8 = − ( x − 2)
mt = = 6 − 2(2) = 2 2
dx
2( y − 8) = − 1( x − 2)
mt × mn = −1
2 × m n = −1 2 y − 16 = − x + 2
1 2 y = − x + 18
mn = −
2
 3
y = 2x + 8
2
y = x − 6x
4
y = +3
x
 3
y = x −9
2
y = x + 6x
y = (2 x − 1)( x + 1)
 4
y=
x
3
y = x +2
12
y=x +
x
dy 2
= 4(3 x ) − 5(2 x) + 7(1)
dx
= 12 x 2 − 10 x + 7
d2y
2
= 12(2 x) − 10(1)
dx
= 24 x − 10
 −3
= x
1
3

= 3x −2 + 2

= 3 x −1 − 2
2.

A 60m wire is bent into the shape of a rectangle.

The length of one of its sides is x cm and its
area is A cm².
(ii)Show that A = 30x - x².
(ii) Hence, find the value of x such that the area
of the rectangle is a maximum. Determine the
maximum area.
A 60m wire is bent into the shape of a rectangle. The length of one of its sides is
x cm and its area is A cm².
(ii) Show that A = 30x - x².

60 −2 x
= 30 − x
2

Area of rectangle = length X width

A = x ( 30 - x )
= 30x -x² (shown)
A 60m wire is bent into the shape of a rectangle. The length of one of its sides is
x cm and its area is A cm².
(ii) Hence, find the value of x such that the area of the rectangle is a maximum.
Determine the maximum area.

A = 30x -x²
For maximum area dA
= 30 − 2 x = 0
dA dx
=0 x = 15
dx
Maximum area occurred when x = 15

A = 30(15) - 15²

= 225 cm²
3
Diagram shows a semicircle with centre O.
The diameter PQ can be adjusted and R
moves on the circumference that PR + QR
= 10 cm. Given that QR = x cm and A is the
area of triangle PQR. Find the expression
dA
of dxin terms of x. Hence, find the
maximum value of the area of triangle.
3
Diagram shows a semicircle with centre O. The diameter PQ can be adjusted
and R moves on the circumference that PR + QR = 10 cm. Given that QR = x
cm and A is the area of triangle PQR. Find the expression of dA
dx
in terms of
x. Hence, find the maximum value of the area of triangle.

base× height
Area of triangle A=
2
10 - x x (10 −x )
x A=
2
1
A= (10 x −x 2 )
2
dA 1
= (10 − 2 x) = 5 − x
dx 2
PR + QR = 10
For maximum area 5− x = 0
dA x=5
PR + x = 10 =0
dx Maximum value of the area of triangle
PR = 10 - x A=
1
[10(5) −5 2 ]= 12.5
2
4
Diagram shows a cuboid ABCDEFGH with a
square base EFGH. The volume of the cuboid
is 27cm².
(ii)If A is the total area of the cuboid, show that
2 108
A = 2x +
x
(ii) Find the value of x so that the total surface
area is minimum.
5
Diagram shows a composite solid which consists of
a cone and a cylinder of radius r cm. Given the
slant height of the cone is 3r and the volume of
cylinder is 32π cm³.
(ii)Prove that the total surface area A of the solid is
given by
64π
A = 4πr + 2
r
(iv) calculate the minimum value of the surface
area.
 =0.2

x=8

=?

= 3(8) 2
= 192

= 192 x 0.2

= 38.4 cm³sˉ¹
r=7 = 0.5
∂A dA
=
∂r dr

= 2π (7) = 14π × 0.5

= 14π
= 7π
 If y = f(x),
the new value of y,

yb = y a + δy
yb = y a + δy
Find the turning point for
each of the curve below.

Determine whether the

turning point is a maximum
or a minimum point.
 Find the turning point for each of the curve below.
Determine whether the turning point is a maximum or a minimum point.

2
1 y = 2 + 6x − x
2
2
y = 5 − 4x − 2x

2
3 y = x − 8x
2
4 y = x − 3x + 6