Class lectures of Bangladesh Studies Rivers of Bangladesh: Total river were 700, are 310 (including tributaries and

and distributaries). Among these 310, 54 are international. Among these 54, 53 are originated from Himalayan Mountains, and the other sprung from Arakan Mountain. Total length of river is 24140 Km.

Major rivers of Bangladesh: River Origin Entering point Dividing point Divided into Combining point Goalandaghat, Rajshahi Chandpur Kurigram Gaibandha Jamuna & Old Brahmaputra Bhairabazar Combined with Jamuna Meghna Old Brahmaputra & Meghna Kushiyara & Kalni, to create Meghna

Padma (Ganga)

Gangotri Glacier Kailash peak Barak river

Nawabgonj

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Brahmaputra

Surma

Sylhet

Ajmiriganj, Habiganj

Farakka Barrage: 2.62 Km, 40000 cusec water. Forest of Bangladesh: (only 17% of total area, instead of minimum 25%) 1. Evergreen 2. Deciduous 3. Mangrove: Sundarban (among 10000 sq. km of total area, Bangladesh occupy 6017 sq. km) Climate: Season: Moderate, tropical Annual rainfall 203 mm Average temperature 26C Lowest temperature recorded ever at Dinajpur in 1905 (1C)

1. Summer (March- May) 21-41C 2. Rainy Season (June- October) 27C, 80% rainfall of the year 3. Winter (November- February) 11-21C Impact of geography (see notes) Advent of Islam in Bengal: (not by armed rulers, but by religious traders) 1. 637 2. 712 3. 1000-1026 4. 1191-1192 5. 1206

By sea By land

Shat-al-ganga => chatga => Chattagram (Chittagong) Samandar => Chandpur Jaziraat-al-rami => Ramu

Educational development in Muslim Bengal: (1204-1757) Education in pre-Muslim era Establishment of Masjid-Madrasa-Maktab-Majika Woman education Hindu education (pathshala & toll) Characteristics of education at that period (see notes) Origin of the Muslims in Bengal: Migration Conversion Social factor

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Arabs Turks Afghans Mughals Persians Abyssinians

Hindu & Buddhist

Polygamy Satidaha Birth-rate Banga-vanga

Hindu and Muslim population in Indian subcontinent: Year 1772 1872 1911 Thats all I have got in my Khata! Muslim (in million) 8.2 16.4 24.2 Hindu (in million) 10.06 17 20.9