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Coal India Ltd. carries the coal supply to this plant. This coal is raw coal, which is finally changed into pulverized coal. The ash produced in this process is disposed to near by pond. This ash is given in free to ACC Cement Company for producing cement.
Components
Turbine Section: Boiler feed pump condenser and oil pump. Boiler Section: Ball Mill. Turbine Section: Turbine. Boiler Section: Primary air fan, Electrostatic precipitator, Induced Draft fan, Forced draft fan. Boiler Section: Raw coal chain feeder, pressure reducing Boiler Section: Pulverized Coal Feeder. Boiler Section: Warm Conveyer, Pulverized Coal Bunker. Boiler Section: Vapors Fan, Classifier, Coal Hopper, Raw Coal Bunker. Boiler Section: Deaerator, Cyclone. Boiler Section: Boiler Drum. Boiler Section: Injector, Explosion Window.
13 m 18 m 26 m 30 m 36 m 40 m 42 m
5. By means of draft fans, the pressure of superheated steam is increased in a pipe. The steam of high pressure is send to the blades of turbines. 6. The rotation of turbine shaft as a prime mover to the generator resulting, which is generated electrical power.
1. Water Treatment Division: this division separates the physical and chemical
impurities of water.
2. Coal Handling Division (CHD): this division takes care of efficient supply
of oil and fuel to power plant.
3. Boiler Maintenance Division (BMD): this division looks after the efficient
working and performance of boiler. Its mounting, its accessories, feed pump as fan and milling system etc.
10. Operation General Division (O.G. 2): this division is responsible of the
management of power house. It deals with the salaries of the employees recording and sending data related to the performance of the power plant to the head office and pointing out errors add malfunctioning in the operation of various departments.
11. Store And Purchase Division: this division deals with the storage and
supply at various separate parts required in the power house along with the purchase.
12. Transportation Division: this division looks after the transportation of coal. 4. Water Treatment Plant
The water treatment plant is required as the water from the canal cannot be directly used in the boiler because it contains physical and chemical impurities which have adverse effect to a plant operation. The water used in the boiler is known as demineralized water (D.M. water) Water from the canal is drawn by the pump house where large physical impurities such as stone, fishes etc are operated by a screen having a net. The water is converted in D.M. water in following stages: Floculator Plant: Here alum is added to water to precipitate dust particles in water. Al is Alum neutralizes charge dust particles become heavy and settle down. Bleaching powder limestone is also added to remove hardness along with chlorine (liquid) which removes bacteria and organic materials. Chlorine dosing is must during rainy day. The process of sedimentation is applied to remove heavier particles. Water is now stored in C.S.T. (Condensate Storage Tank) Sand Filter: these stages of sand filter are put across the flow so as to remove other suspended particles if any. Activated Carbon Filter: this filter is employed for removal of bacteria and organic materials. It uses Anthracite (coal) for filter. Degasser: here gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen and hydrogen are removed. Cation Exchanger: At this stage the ions are absorbed by an ion exchange method HCl and Resins (-ve) are principle ingredients of chemical filters present here. Water becomes acidic due to addition of hydrogen ion. Anion Exchanger: Negative ions are observed by carefully formulated resins (+ve).
Mixed Exchanger: here remaining negative ions are extracted through resins. The D.M. water is now ready which has following specifications: Conductivity = 0.04 siemens/cm2. PH = 8.5 to 9 Hardness = Nil. PH desired in clear water is between 8.5 to 9.Phosphate dosing is done in end for this purpose. The total capacity of water treatment is to provide: 60 tons/hr.
Raw coal chain feeder: Numbers: 3 Type: drag link chain Length: 10.4 m Width: 0.6 m Capacity: 10-45 T/hr
Vapor fan: Numbers: 3/units Capacity: 5400 cu m/hr Speed: 1480 rpm Temperature: 900 C (medium) Warm conveyor: Number: 1 unit Length of conveyor: 17.2 m
6. Milling System
In thermal power plant pulverized coal is used for produced heat in the furnace. This is because the burning of this state of coal takes place completely and also there is lesser problem in ash handling. The coal pieces size 20 mm to 40 mm are taken from raw coal bunker (R.C.B.) and through raw coal chain feeder their coal piece to break them too pulverized. Ball Mills are providing with flue gases (about 3000 C) which help in drying the coal and raise its temperature to about (85 to 90o C).this is a fan in the circuit called as vapor fan which solve following purposes:1. It creates vacuum in the circuit so that the pulverized coal is sucked out of ball mill with air. 2. If due to any reason the supply of coal to the ball mill is broken and flue gases are continuously supplied then the temperature of the ball mill will rise excessively high. To avoid this vapor fan, thus recirculation of pulverized coal to the ball mill and so the temperature comes down. 3. Micro particles of the coal are directly sucked by the vapor supplied to the furnace chamber for combustion. For cooling dry cold air is also supplied during recirculation. Cooling is must because temperature become higher enough then coal catches fire. Pulverized coal from the ball mill is passed through a classifier, which act as a screen separating out the bigger particles from the pulverized coal and re-treating them to the ball mill. From the classifier the coal goes to the cyclone separator where coal particles are separated form the air. The vapor fan pump air out and coal particles go to warm conveyors via turniket. The warm conveyor delivers the coal to be stored in the pulverized coal bunker (PCB). From PCB the coal goes to the furnace with the help of primary air fan (P.A.F.). This fan takes air from primary air heater and pushes the pulverized coal from all the four corners of the chamber. with air and
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At M. C.R.: 54000m3/hr Pulverized coal feeder: Number per boiler: 16 Output: 6.5tons/hr (max.) 7. Boiler Maintenance Division BMD has three sections: 1. furnace for 105MW unit 2. milling section for 105MW unit 3. ash handling section for 105MW unit
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super heater, convection super heater and final super heater. From super heater the steam goes to re-heater. Re-heater is in two stages. First stage consist of tri-flux heat exchanger, which absorbs heat from super heated steam as well as from flue gases the second stage is Exit super heater located in the horizontal pass as pendent tubular loops.
8. Boiler
The unit is designed for a maximum continuous rating 375 tons at a pressure of 139 Kg/cm2 and a steam temperature of 540oC. The feed water temperature is 440oC.The steam generating unit is designed to meet the nominal requirements of 110 Mw turbo generators Set. 1. The unit is a balanced draft radiant, dry bottom single drum natural circulation vertical tube type, construction with skin casing and single heat system. 2. The furnace is arranged for dry ash discharge and fitted with burner located at its four corners. Each corner burner comprises coal vapor oil and secondary air compartments. 3. The unit is provided with three ball mills and accessories and arranged to operate with intermediate coal bunker. 4. The steam super heater consists of 4 stages viz. ceiling, convection, platen and final super heater. The ceiling super heater forms the roof of the furnace and horizontal pass and as the rear wall of the second pass. While the platen are located at the furnace exit, the portion above the furnace nose encloses the final super heater. Control of superheated steam temperature is achieved by two stages spray at one located before the platen super heater and the other located before the final super heater. Re-heaters are in two stages, first being the triflux heat exchangers located in the second passes which absorbs heat from superheated stem as well as from flue gases. The second stage is exit reheaters located in the horizontal pass as pendent tabular loops. Reheated steam temperature control is affected
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by the automatic functioning of three way control valves and under emergency condition by an attempetarator located cold reheats lines. 5. Flue gas for drying the coal in the mills is tapped off after the triflux heat exchangers. The quality is affected by the damper located in the hot flue gas pipe leading to the mill. Temperature control is affected by controlling the recirculation vapor at the mill entry. Immediately, after the triflux heat exchangers, air heaters and economizers are located. 6. The hot air for combustion from air heaters stage-2 led into the combustion wind box located on the sides of the furnace. Four coal-air mix tare pipes from pulverized coal bunker are connected to four coal bunkers nozzle for coal. The turn down ratio of guns will be selected that it will be possible to use them also for pulverized fuel flame stabilization while operating under loads below the control point. 7. Taking in to consideration the high % of ash and relatively poor quality of coal due regard has been paid to the wide to the wide pitching of tubes and to the gas velocities across the heating surface areas. 8. In order to ensure reliable and continuous operation, ample spot blowing equipments provided. There is short retractable steam soot blowers provided at the top of the furnace. Fully retractable rotary type blowers are located for the cleaning of secondary super heaters and final hearer re-heaters. The stem soot blowers are electrically operated. 9. Two F.D. fans are provided per boiler. The F.D. fans is provided per boiler. The F.D. fans are of axial type, driven by constant speed motor. The regulation of quantity and pressure is done by inlet vane control. The gases are sucked through the mechanical and electrostatic precipitators by I.D. fans and delivered in to the chimney. 10. Two I.D. fans are provided each boiler. The I.D. fans are of axial type, driven by constant speed motors. Inlet vane control effects the capacity change with reference to load. Both I.D. and F.D. fans have been dimensioned taking the minimum margins of 15%on volume and 32% on pressure.
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Boiler drums and drum internals Boiler drum is made of alloy steel plate of 87mm thick and has a diameter of 1800 mm. the drum is of fusion welded on hemispherical dishes ends. The drum dishes ends are provided with manholes and manhole covers. The longitudinal and circumferential wells are annealed and X-rayed during manufacture. The drum is provided with stubs for welding on of all connecting tubes, such as supply tubes, riser tubes, super-heated steam, and outlet tubes, feed water inlet tubes etc. The function of drum internals is to separate water from the steam generated in the furnace walls and reduce the dissolved solid content in steam below the prescribed limit. The drum internals consists of feed disturbing pipe, blow-down collector pipe, turbo separators, screen dryers and other separating devices to minimize the carryover.
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Feed distribution pipes runs along the length of the drum, to which 10 tubes are connected from economizer. Feed water is uniformly through the small holes in the distribution pipe. Steam water mixture entering the drum from the riser tubes and furnace walls is collected in a separating chamber, formed by internal baffles. From this chamber, the mixture is first led through two rows of turbo-separators. Each turbo-separator consists of a primary stage and secondary stage. The primary stage is formed by two concentric cans. Spinner blades impart a centrifugal motion to the mixture of steam and water flowing upward through the inner can, thereby throwing the water to the outside and forcing the steam to inside. The water is arrested by a skim-off lip above the spinner blades and returned to the lower part of the drum through the annulus between the two cans. The water proceeds onto the secondary separator stage. The secondary stage consists of two opposed banks of closely spaced corrugated steels, which direct the steam through tortuous path force remaining entrained water against the corrugated plates. Since the velocity is relatively low, the water dose not get picked up again, but runs down the plates and off the second stage lips at the two streams outlets. From the secondary separators the stream flows uniformly and with relatively low upward to the series of screen dryers, extending in layers across the length of the drum. These screens perform the final stage of separation.
Rough mountings
These consists of access door into the combustion chamber, region of super heaters, economizers and air heaters, as well as observation parts, explosion doors, dampers in flue gas duct etc. the rough mountings are made of cast iron or are of fabricated design depending upon the location and their purpose.
Water walls 17
The combustion chamber is formed of water walls tubes of out side diameter 60.3 mm set at a pitch of 62 mm. in the corner where the pulverized coal burners are located, the tubes are bent suitably to provide opening for the filling tangential burners. The seamless water walls are welded to the bottom and top headers by means of stubs. The top headers are connected to the boiler drum by means of tubes which are welded-on to it by means of stubs. The supply tubes supplying water to the down comer are welded to the drum by means of stubs at one end and to the down comers at the other end. At the bottom supply tubes connect the bottom water wall header and the down comers. Perfect naturals circulation contours is ensured by adequate dimension of down comer and supply tubes The guide and spring supporting suspension are so designed and depositional as to proper expansion and contraction of the tabular system without occurrence of undo stresses. The water in the furnace walls absorbs heat. The resulting mixture of water and stream is collected in the outlet headers and discharged into the stream drum through a series of riser tubes. In the stream drum separation of water and stream takes place. In the boiler, water mixes with the incoming feed water. The saturated is led to super heater by a super heater connecting tubes.
Super-heaters The stream super-heater has a total heating surface of 4919 m2. The super-heater is composed of four stages viz. ceiling super-heater, convection super-eater, platen superheater and final super-heater. The ceiling super-heater forms the roof of furnace and horizontal pass and finishes as the rare wall of the second pass. The convection super-heater is made of horizontal banks located in the second pass. The platens are located as the furnace exit and the portion above the furnace nose enclosed the final super-heater. The ceiling super heater forms the roof of furnace and horizontal pass and finishes as the rare wall of the second pass. The convection super heater is made of horizontal located in the second pass. The platens are located as the as the furnace exit ant and the portion above the furnace nose enclosed the final super heater.
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Saturated stream from boiler drum is led through the transfer tubes to the ceiling super heater. From there it is led to the convection super heater located in the second pass. The first regulating injection is arranged at the end of the convection super heater and before the inlet of the steam to the radiant platens the steam is led to the final super heater. The second stage regulating injection is arranged between the platens and the final super heater. The super heater tubes ate welded to the inlet and the outlet headers by means of stubs. Besides the arrangement of platen duper heater elements and grid tubes at the furnace exit to ensure through mixing of the combustion products before they enter convection super heater region, the super heater headers are given cross connections to ensure good mixing effect on the steam site of the super heater also. The design and deposition of the stages of super heater surface have been carried out so as to reduce the effect of hydrodynamic non-uniformity on stem and gas sides to the minimum.
Super heated steam temperature control Control of superheat temperature is affected by two stages of injection type attemptators. First stage of de-superheating is in between the convection super heater and platen super heater. The second stage is located between the platen and final super heater. The supply is taken from feed pipeline before feed control station. Boiler feed water of requisite quality is used for spraying purpose. Water spread into the stream to be attemperated at a sufficient high pressure to ensure through attemperation.
Re-heaters The steam re-heater having a total heating surface of 2564 m2 are made of pendent and horizontal tabular loops and are in two stages. The first stage is one of horizontal tabular arrangements and the principle of Tri-flux is used. The steam from super heater flows through a tubs of outside diameter of 35mm, while the steam to be reheated flows outside the tube through a bigger tube of outside diameter of 70mm. the stem for the Tri-flux is drawn through a three way valve arranged in a connecting between out let of platen super heater and inlet of final super heater. The second stage of re-heater is suspended on the horizontal pass of the boiler as pendent tabular loops. The re-heater tubes are welded to the inlet and exit heater by mean of stubs. 19
Reheated steam temperature control Tri-flux heat exchanger serves for the temperature control. Its design and function is also described under item 2.7.the reheated steam flows through the heat exchanger in full quantity corresponding to the rate of the turbine generator. The quantity of super heated steam through the heat exchanger and thereby the thermal output depend upon three way control valves. The three way valves are arranged in the circuit of automatic control of the reheater steam temperature. An air temperature is also arranged in the cold reheat steam pipe line to be used manually under emergency condition.
Economizers The economizers with heating surface of 4930 m2 are made of seamless tabular loops. The tubes of outside dia. 32mm are welded by means of stubs to the inlet and outlet headers. The headers and horizontal loops rest on supporting structures of second pass of the boiler with the provision for free expansion. The total economizer heating surface e is divided into 8 assembly blocks are arranged in the second pass of the heat recovery zone of the boiler so as to achieve recovery of heat in a very economic manner .
Fine fittings These consist of the necessary number of safety valves on the boiler drum. Super heater and re-heater pipelines, air release blow down and drain valves, boiler fees line, fitting, direct remote water level indicators, boiler accessories such ss pressure gauges on the drum, super heater and re-heater headers, economizers, thermometers for superheated and reheated steam etc. The fine fittings which will be delivered with in the scope of the boiler supply are indicated in detail in the scheme of valves and fittings. The fittings and mountings indicated have been chosen from established reputed sources of supply either India or abroad. With reference to relevant requirements under the Indian boiler regulations 1950, taking into account all the latest amendments.
Air pre-heater 20
Air pre heaters provided are of tabular type air heaters. A total heating surface of 18720m2.they are made up of ERW tubes of dia 40mm, the ends of which are expended into tube plates. The air heater is divided into two stages, the first stage having 8 heater blocks and second stage having 4 blocks. The air heater blocks are mounted on frames of the supporting structure, sealed and bolted together, and they are from gas tight and air tight units. Provision has been for the free expansion joints. The air heater is such that the flue gases in the vertical direction, while the air to be heated flows out side the tubes in a direction perpendicular to the flue gases.
Skin Casing Insulation and Outer Casing The furnace walls arranged in tangential tube constructions are completely skin cased with aluminum sheets. Skin casing to prevent air leakage is also adopted on the finned tubes of the side walls of final re-heater region and the side walls, front and rarer walls and the ceiling of the second pass. The ceiling above the secondary super heater and final super heater will be having light refractory and insulation.
Cold and Hot Ducts This include duct work from F.D. fan to air heater inter connected duct between air heater blocks, the ducting to primary air fan, hot air duct to burners and at distribution box.
Flue Duct These include the duct between the air heater and economizer, the duct enclosing the economizer blocks, the below the air heater and all ducting between the boiler and chimney. Flue gas extraction duct leads flue gas extracted from second pass of the boiler for drying of coal during pulverization. The lay out of flue gas extraction ducting commences at the point of extraction of hot flue gases from the heat recovery zone of the boiler and ends at the raw coal inlet to the ball mill. This flue gas extraction ducting is made of alloy steel plates in view of the fact that the temperature of hot gases will be around 500oC.
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Super-heater: 4919 m2 Tri-flux: (a) flue gas side:920 m2 (b) steam side: 824 m2
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11. Deaerator
This unit serves three purposes 1. It removes almost 98% air coming from any pump. 2. It removes the oxygen present in remaining air (here we done hydraulic dosing). Here 99.8% of oxygen gets removed. 3. It removes air coming from leakage and maintains the vacuum in the condenser; the air is removed with the help of ejector.
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tube and
shell it will get weaker (as more and more heat will be required to generate the steam).
Reaction Turbine: The high pressure steam comes out through these nozzles, velocity of steam increases relative to the rotating disc. The resulting reaction force on nozzle gives the rotating disc. The resulting reaction force on nozzle gives the rotating motion to the disc and shaft. They rotate in the opposite direction of steam jet. At panki thermal power station, impulse reaction turbine is used. Here the steam expands both in fixed & moving blades continuously as the steam passes over it therefore a gradual & continuous drop in pressure takes place.
generators run at 3000 r.p.m., single stage turbine (one ring of stationary nozzle & one
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ring of rotating blades) is undesirable. To get the reasonable blade tip speeds in turbines, the method known as compounding is employed. In this method number of rotor in series, keyed on same shaft, is used & the steam pressure& jet velocities absorbed in steps as it flows over the moving blades.
Velocity compounding There is only one set of nozzles and two or more rows of moving blades. There is also a row of fixed blades in between the moving blade. The function of fixed blade is to receive the steam jet coming out of the pressure and velocity of the steam. The heat energy drops takes place only in nozzle at the first stage and is converted into kinetic energy. Kinetic energy of the steam gained in the nozzles is successfully used by the rows of moving blades and finally exhausted from the last row of the blades on the turbine rotor. A turbine working on this principle is known as velocity compounded impulse turbine e.g. Curtis turbine.
Pressure compounding A number of simple impulse turbine sets arranged in series is known as Pressure Compounding. Here the turbine is provided with one row of fixed blades (works as the nozzle) at the entry of each row of moving blades. The total pressure drop of the steam does not take place in the single stage nozzle but it is divided equally in all the rows of the fixed blades, which works as nozzles e.g. Retreat turbine.
Pressure and velocity compounding This is the combination of pressure and velocity compounding. The total pressure drop of the steam from boiler to condenser pressure is divided into number of stages as done in pressure compounding and velocity obtaining in each stage is also compounded. This arrangement requires less stages and compact turbine can be designed for a given pressure.
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Rated: 100 KW Actually required: 740 KW Rated voltage: 6600 V Number of phases: 3 Voltage and frequency: Full load r.p.m.: 990 r.p.m. Full load current: 104 Amp. Full load frequency: 94% Torque: 4.63 Nm Frequency: 50cycles/sec. Terminal connections Type: star Number: 6 The 6 leads are taken out in the terminal box and connected on 4 bushes to form a star.
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The exciter provides the DC current mended to excite the rotor field magnets. The present excitation must be absolutely reliable since their failure will shut down the alternators. The higher the load and more the lagging power factor, the greater excitation is required.
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required for generation of steam. These heaters are Gland Steam Condenser (G.S.C.) chimney steam condenser (C.S.C.), low pressure heaters 1,2,3,4, and 5. Water from LP heater goes to H.P. heater via dearater. Below the deaerater a boiler drum is also present, where condensate water is stored. Thus, from condenser to deaerator, water cycle is known as condensate water cycle in which several stages of heaters are also present.
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Water required for ash handling system is given by ash water pump which takes suction from discharge of circulating water system that is after condenser.which supply water for the following purpose. 1-Hydroejector 2-ejector feed sump 3-Flushing header in bottom ash hopper 4-Ash slurry sump make up 5- ash slurry sump flushing nozzles 6-all flushing apparatus bellow ESP 7- Flushing nozzles of ash trench
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increase the boilers efficiency. On this way to chimney is placed ESP in which the ash is removed and is mixed with water to form ash slurry. There are two fans in the circuit of combustion gases from furnace chamber to the chimney. There is induced draft fans and forced draft fans to suck gases from the circuit and so it is situated near to the chimney. In this way it tries to create a vacuum in the furnace. To neutralize this effect forced draft fans situated at the boiler side blows gases in the circuit in this way due to slight pressure difference created by these fans combustion gases and the products flows from the furnace chamber towards the chimney. Working of induced draft fan and forced draft fans are so that the flame in the furnace remains centralized. If the color of flame is not proper that is if flame is not proper and not centralized then localized heating occurs and the water tubes may break down.
separated other separator like mechanical separator and wet scrubber etc. it is also most effective for high dust loaded gas ( as high as 100 gm /m3 ).its efficiency is as high as 99.8% .draught loss of this separator is least among all separator. Maintenance charges are moderate. It provides ease of operation .dust is collected in dry form and can be collected either dry or wet. Apart from these advantages some disadvantages also. As here DC current is used therefore considerable electrical equipment is necessary to convert 0.4 kV ac to 70 kV dc. This increases the capital cost. The running charges are also considerable high as amount of power re4quired for charging is considerable large. However in spite of cost it is used with pulverized coal fired station for its effectiveness on a fine ash particle compared with other type of collector.
Working principle
The Electrostatic Precipitator essentially consists of two sets of electrodes called Collecting Electrodes and Emitting Electrodes .The collecting electrodes is made up of steel sheet pressed to a special profile and emitting electrodes is a thin wire drawn to a helical form. A DC high voltage is applied between these electrodes, connecting its negative polarity to the emitting electrodes and positive polarity to collecting electrodes which are also earthed. The dust laden flue gas from boiler passes between rows of collecting and emitting electrodes. The high voltage induces ionization of gas molecules adjacent to the negative charged emitting electrodes. The positive charges of ions created travel towards the emitting electrodes and the negative charges towards collecting electrodes, on their way to the collecting electrodes, the negative charges get deposited on the dust particles. Thus the dust particles are electrically charged. In the presence of high electric fields between the electrodes the charged dust particles experience a force which causes the particles to move towards the collecting electrodes and finally get deposited on them. A minor portion of dust particles which have acquired positive charges get deposited on emitting electrodes also. Periodically these are dislodged from the electrodes by a process called Rapping. The particles then fall into the hoppers at the bottom.
Parts of ESP
The various parts of the ESP are divided into two groups. 1. Mechanical system- it comprises casing, supporting structure and support bearing, hopper, gas distribution system, collecting and emitting system, rapping mechanisms, stairways and galleries. 2. Electrical system- it comprises transformer rectifier units, Electronic controller, auxiliary control panel, safety interlocks and field equipments/ devices. 36
ESP CASING
2. CasingThe precipitator casing is an all welded construction .consisting of pre- fabricated wall and roof panels. The casing is provided with inspection doors for entry into chamber. The doors are of heavy construction with machined surface to ensure a gas tight seal. The roof carries internals, insulator housings, transformer etc. The casing rest on supports which allow for free thermal expansion of the casing during operation. Galleries and stairways are provided on the sides of casing for easy access to rapping motors, inspection doors.
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3. HoppersESP HOPPERS
Pyramidal hopper is provided under the casing of ESP to collect the dust. The hoppers are designed with a valley angle of not less than 55 deg to facilitate free fall of dust in hopper. Baffle plates are provided in each hopper to avoid gas sneak age. An inspection door is provided on each hopper. Thermostatically controlled heating elements are arranged at the bottom portion of the hopper to ensure free flow of ash.
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The system employs tumbling hammers which are mounted on a horizontal shaft in a staggered manner, with one hammer( 4.9 kg) for each shock bar. There are 47 hammers in fields in one collecting rapping shaft which is driven by horizontal geared motor with out put speed 1.1 rpm. As the shaft rotates slowly, each of hammers in turn balances and tumbles hitting its associated shock bar. The shock bar transmitted blow simultaneously to all of the collecting plates in one row because of their direct contact with shock bar. The shaft is connected to geared motor mounted on the side of the casing. The frequency of rapping is adjusted by controlling the operation of the geared motor by means of programmer, mounted in the auxiliary control panel.
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furnace remains centralized, if the flame is not centralized then localized heating occurs and water tube may break down.
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Feeding desk
On this panel the knobs are available for the operations. Steam dust collectors are measured in these stages. The boiler pressure is indicating by corresponding dial. When the boiler steam reaches the superheated and attains a temperature of 4500 C. this steam released to the turbines. A temperature higher then the allowed value is indicated by an alarm. A control panel also indicates pressure in the boiler tube. There is also present coal burner control. For the initial firing we require coal temperature of 800-10000 C. The primary air fan controls the pressure of air.
Pulverized coal feeding desk: when vapor is fully open the pulverized coal feeder will start otherwise and pipe line will be headed. Furnaces draft control desk: by this vacuum and quantity is maintained quick closing valve are provided.
Vibration
Vibratory pick ups are to pick uo the vibration and then amplified scientific pick ups are used to pick up displacement of even or few micrometers.
M.P. expansion
Differential expansion of stator frame is observed at turbo supervisory equipment because if it becomes more than they may break. Maximum and minimum allowable expansion in different section is shown below: Turbine pressure High pressure Minimum 1.5 mm Maximum 3.5 mm
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1.5 mm 2.0 mm
3.5 mm 4.0 mm
Bearing temperature
Bearing are made of those metals, which melt at 1000 C. therefore allowable temperature is 7.50 C. platinum resistance thermometers are used.
Oil pressure
The oil pressure is maintained at 35 kgf/cm2 at the header and pressure of 15.8 kgf/cm2 at ball bearings. n
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CONCLUSION
PANKI THERMAL POWER STATION with 2 generating units of 32 MW capacity each along with associated and related equipment such as generators, turbines, boilers, cooling tower, secondary fuel oil storage facilities and its handing system, switchyard including step-up transformers, step-down transformer, raw materials etc. and works in progress. PANKI THERMAL EXTN. POWER STATION with 2 generation units of 110 mw (dearated to 2*105 MH) capacity each along with associated and related equipment such as generators, turbines, boilers, cooling tower, secondary fuel oil storage facilities and its handing system, switchyard including step-up transformers, step-down transformer, raw materials etc. and works in progress.
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