Society and Culture I.

Culture Edward Burrnet Tylor an English anthropologist define culture as a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by people as members of society. Schwartz culture as a real phenomena which are things that readily visible and culture as an abstraction in which are form or behavior and may be observed and implied in the activities of people, in what they say or do or what they avoid doing. Ralph Linton - The sum total of knowledge, attitudes and habitual behaviour patterns shared and transmitted by the members of a particular society. Ward Goodenough - The pattern of life within a community, the regularly recurring activities and material and social arrangements characteristic of a particular group.

II.

Subculture a subculture is a group of people with a culture (whether distinct or hidden) which differentiates them from the larger culture to which they belong. Although, or perhaps because, the term subculture has been used by anthropologists and sociologists in variety of ways and contexts, it contains much ambiguity. The prefix sub refers only to a subcategory of culture, a part of the whole; it does not necessarily indicate a derogation unless a particular subculture is viewed as undesirable by members of dominant or a contrary value system List of Subcultures o A: Anarcho-punk, o B: Beatniks, Bikers, Bills, Bodybuilding, Bszoku o C: Casuals, Cosplayers, Cybergoth o D: Dark Culture, Deaf Culture, Demoscene o E: Emo o F: Fandom, Fetish subculture, Flogger, Freak scene, Furries o G: Gamer, Gothic Lolita, Greaser, Grebo, Grungies, Glam rock o H: Hardline, Hiphop, Hippie, Hipster o I: Industrial o J: Juggling, Juggalo, Junglist o L: Leather culture, LGBT (bears, gay) o M: Mods, Metalheads o N: NS Black Metal, Nazi punks, New Age, Norwegian black metal, Nudism/Naturism o O: Otaku, Otherkin o P: Patchuco, Pokmon, Preppy, Punk o Q: Queer o R: Raggare, Rave, Riot, Rocker, Role-playing gamers, Rude boys

o o o o

S: Scooterboys, Skater, Skinheads (Red skin, Trojan skin, White power skin), Soulboys,Sukeban, Surfers, Swing kids, Swinging T: Teenybobbers, Teddyboys, Trekkies V: Vampire culture Z: Zazou

III.

Society Sociologists define society as the group of people who interact in such a way as to share a common culture. The term society can also have ageographic meaning and refer to people who share a common culture in a particular location.

IV.

Society and Culture Culture and society are intricately related. A culture consists of the objects of a society, whereas a society consists of the people who share a common culture.

V.

Language as an Integral part of Culture A factor responsible for the existence and development of culture is the symbolic language. Eshleman and Cashion Language is systematized usage of speech and hearing to convey, communicate, or express feelings and ideas. Human culture cannot exist without language. Language enables people to transcend time and space.

VI. VII.

Characteristics of Culture The levels of Cultural participation (classified by Linton) Culture is universal Specialties Alternatives

VIII.

Elements of Culture Knowledge

 IX.

Social Norm Folkways Mores Law Collective form of behavior Sanctions Values Beliefs

Ethnocentrism The view to regard ones culture as the best and better than those of others. Sumner 1960 Ethnocentrism means the center of everything and all others are scaled and rated with reference to it. Gordon 1978 The function of ethnocentrism is to increase ones appreciation and commitment to ones cultural group. Hardert 1977 Ethnocentrism can also prevent a person from learning and understanding other cultures and deny basic oneness.

X.

Xenocentrism Eshleman and Cashion 11983 The idea that what is foreign is best and that ones lifestyle, products or ideas are inferior to that of others. Doronila 1986 - made a study that revealed a number of young people focus their goals on going abroad after graduation; and only 4.83% of the 207 students preferred to remain Filipino citizens.

XI.

Culture shock XII. Cultural relativism XIII. Fun facts You know youre a Filipino if.. Youre related to everyone. You have uncles and aunts named Boy, Girlie or Baby. You have relatives whose nicknames consist of repeated syllables like Jun-jun, Ling-ling, and Mon-mon. You greet your elders by touching their hands to your forehead. You live with your parents until and at times even after youre married. You make your children sing and dance to amuse you friends and relatives. You decorate your living room wall with your familys framed diplomas and plaque. You decorate your dining room wall with a picture of Last Supper.

You recycle shopping bags as garbage bags. You have a piano that no one plays. You keep a tabo in your bathroom. You eat with your hands. You eat more than three times a day. You think a meal is not a meal without rice. You use your fingers to measure the water you need to cook rice. You eat your meal using a spoon and fork; you cut your meat with a spoon and fork. You think sandwiches are snacks, not meals. You feed all your visitors. Your dining table has a merry-go-round (lazy susan) in the middle. You wash and re-use plastic utensils, Styrofoam cups and aluminum wrappers. You love to eat daing or tuyo. You prop up one knee while eating. You eat your meals with patis, toyo, suka banana catsup or bagoong. Your tablecloths are stained with toyo circles. You eat mangoes with rice. You love to eat, yet often manage to stay slim. When dining out, you always fight over who will pay for dinner. You order softdrink instead of soda. You eat rice for breakfast. You hang a rosary on your cars rear view mirror. You play cards or mahjong and drink at funeral wakes. You think Chrsitmas begins in September and ends in January. You collect items from airlines, hotels, and restaurants as souvenirs. You feel obligated to give pasalubong to all your friends and relatives each time you return from a trip. You cant make a purchase without haggling. You use paper foot outlines when buying shoes for friends and relatives. You point with your lips. You greet one another by raising your eyebrows or tossing your head. You hold your palms together in front of you and say excuse me, excuse when you pass in between people or in front of the TV. You ask for the bill at a restaurant by making a rectangle in the air. You cover your mouth when you laugh. You respond to a hoy! or psst in a crowd. Youll answer malapit lang no matter the distance when asked how far away a place is located. You love to use acronyms: CR comfort room, DI dance instructor, TNT tago ng tago, KJ kill joy, KSP kulang sa pansin, OA over acting, TL true love, BF GF boyfriend and girlfriend. Youre always late for events and parties.

You say rubber shoes instead of sneakers, ball pen instead of pen, stockings instead of pantyhose, pampers instead of diapers, ref or prijider instead of refrigerator, colgate instead of toothpaste, open and close instead of turn on or turn off (as in the lights) You use umbrella for shade on hot summer days. You like everything imported or state-side. You can squeeze 15 passengers in your 5-seater car without a second thought. You always ring a doorbell twice, assuming that the first ring was not heard. You let the phone ring twice before answering, lest you appear overly eager. Finally, You laugh and couldnt believe how true they are!