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A clown is walking west on board a train moving east at high speed.

Relative motion
How is the clown moving according to a cardiologist standing at the
platform while the train passes?
Answer: 2
1. East, at the same speed
as the train Motion depends on the observer.
2. East, slightly slower than In this case, if you use the telescope test
the train you can tell the clown is moving east from
3. West the perspective of the cardiologist.
4. The clown is not moving
according to the
cardiologist

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A hockey puck glides across the ice at a constant speed. In which Motion with constant velocity
direction(s) are forces being exerted on the hockey puck?
Answer: 5
An object moving at constant velocity has a
1. Up net force of zero. There is no unbalanced
2. Down force in the direction of motion
3. In the direction of its
motion Fice on puck
4. Opposite the direction of
its motion puck
5. Both 1 & 2
6. 1, 2, and 3 Fearth on puck

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A baseball has just left the hand that threw it straight upward. What Motion with constant velocity
is the direction of the net force on the ball?
Answer: 2
The ball has left the hand. The hand is not
1. Up touching. There is no force exerted by the
2. Down hand.
3. There is no net force
exerted on the ball ball
4. There is not enough
information to tell Fearth on ball

The only force on the ball is down. That's


why the ball is accelerating in the down
0 0 0 0 direction
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A brick rests on a table which sits on the floor. Which of Force
these would NOT appear on a free body diagram for the Answer: 3
table? A free body diagram for the table shows
1. Force of brick on table 0 0 0 0 0 forces exerted on the table.
2. Force of earth on table
3. Force of table on earth Ffloor on table

4. Force of floor on table


5. ALL of these would table
appear
Fbrick on table Fearth on table

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Which of these situations does NOT include a force Force


exerted by each underlined object on the other? Answer: 2
A force is a push or pull between two
1. A book rests on the surface of objects.
a desk
2. A ball flies into the air after The only objects that can push or pull
leaving the hand that threw it without touching are:
3. A wagon is pulled at constant • the earth
speed by a rope
4. A brick falls freely toward the • a charged object
earth • a magnetic object.
5. All of these describe a force

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Chris drives 30km to work in 30 minutes. Grey drives 10km Speed


to work in 12 minutes. Who has a faster average speed? Answer: 1
Speed = how far / how long
1. Chris
2. Grey
3. They are the same Chris: Grey:
4. Answer cannot be ∆x ∆x
v= v=
∆t ∆t
determined
30km 10 km
= =
30min 12 min
= 1km/min =< 1km/min

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Chris and Charles both start moving from rest when the
light turns green. Ten seconds later, Chris is going 60 mph − Answer: 4 0 +
and Charles is going 55 mph. Which is true?
1. Chris and Charles were Position x is where the object is located on
never at the same the coordinate axis
position We choose the coordinate axis or use the
2. Chris and Charles were axis specified
100 10
never going the same An axis has an origin and a scale in the
speed at the same time positive and negative direction
3. Chris has a greater
200 Sometimes we just talk about positive, 0
average acceleration negative, and zero
than Charles
4. All of these statements
are true
0 0 0 0 + 0

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If an object has a constant speed in the negative direction, Speed


which of the following is true? Answer: 5
Acceleration is change in velocity
1. The position of the
object must be negative Constant velocity = no acceleration = no net force
2. The velocity of the object Going in the negative direction = negative velocity
must be negative
Speeding up in the negative direction = negative acceleration
3. The acceleration of the
object must be negative
4. The acceleration of the
object must be zero
5. Both 2 and 4
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Which statement about the quantity "net force" is NOT Net force
correct? Answer: 1
1. An object always moves in the Definition: the total of all forces exerted on an object
direction of the net force Zero net force = no forces at all OR all forces balanced by
exerted on it other forces
2. The net force is the total of all
the forces exerted on an No net force = no CHANGE IN motion = not moving OR
object of interest moving at constant velocity
3. If all forces exerted on an
object are balanced by other
forces, the net force on the
object is zero
4. An object can be in motion
with a net force of zero
0 0 0 0 0
5. More than one of these is
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Which of these pairs of forces is an example of Newton's Newton's third law
Answer: 2
third law FA on B = –FB on A?
FA on B = − FB on A
1. You are seated on a bench. The
earth exerts a force on you, and If object A exerts a force on object B, object B exerts an equal
the bench exerts a force on you. force on object A in the opposite direction
2. A pen sits on a desk. The desk
exerts a force on the pen, and
the pen exerts a force on the
desk.
3. You pull on a rope. The rope pulls
on a wagon.
4. A book slides across a tabletop.
The book exerts a downward
force on the table, and the table man wagon
exerts a frictional force to slow
the book. Fwagon on man Fman on wagon
5. Both 2 and 4

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A battery-powered hover cart glides toward you across the floor. You Circular motion
have a stick. How do you need to tap the cart to make it move in a
circle around your feet? Answer: 3
1. In line with the circumference An object moving in a circular path (or part of a circular path)
of the circle has a net force toward the center of the circle
2. Outward from the circle Net force to center? It will move in a circle
3. Inward toward your feet
Moving in a circle? There is a net force to the center
4. At a tangent to the circle
5. Backwards and outwards

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It is possible for two cars to have the same speed but Speed and velocity
different velocities? Answer: 4
Speed means how fast you are going
1. Yes, if the cars have
different masses Velocity means how fast you are going and in what direction
2. Yes, if the cars start from 50mph east and 50mph northeast:
different points same speed different velocity
3. Yes, if the cars have
different engines
4. Yes, if the cars are going
in different directions
5. No, it is not possible
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What force(s) cause the earth to rotate around the sun Circular motion
once every year? Answer: 2
Moving in a circle? There is a net force to the center
1. The force of the earth's
movement In this case, the force is the gravitational attraction between
2. The force of the sun's the earth and the sun
gravitational attraction No force is required to keep the earth moving
3. The force of the sun's
solar wind
4. The force of swirling
etheric vortices
5. Both 1 and 2
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A stationary soccer ball is kicked and rolls away over the Momentum
grass. What quantity does it have after the kick that it did Answer: 5
not have before?
1. Mass
The momentum of an object is a equal to
2. Force
its mass times its velocity
3. Inertia
4. Impulse
p = mv
5. Momentum

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A Radio Flyer wagon carrying one school book rolls along a Momentum
level sidewalk. Which other Radio Flyer would have MORE Answer: 3
momentum?
1. A wagon loaded with
school books, not
p = mv
moving
2. An empty wagon rolling Momentum increases when velocity
at the same speed increases or when mass increases
3. An identical wagon
rolling faster
4. None of these

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Cart A and cart B roll toward each other on a smooth track Momentum
and collide. What quantity will always be the same before Answer: 4
and after the collision?
1. The force of A plus the
pbefore = pafter
force of B mA vA1 + mB vB1 = mA vA 2 + mB vB2
2. The speed of A plus the
speed of B Although velocities can change during a
3. The velocity of A plus collision or explosion, the total amount
the velocity of B of momentum remains the same
4. The total momentum of
both carts
5. All these quantities stay
the same 0 0 0 0 0

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What is the term we use when the total amount of some Conservation
quantity remains the same before and after an event? Answer: 5
If the total amount of some quantity remains
1. Coincidence the same, even though it can change form or
be transferred, we say that it is conserved.
2. Convergence
3. Congruence In your personal finances, your net worth is
conserved even though you may take money
4. Conditioning
out of your bank account and put it in your
5. Conservation pocket.
6. Constantiation This is always true after a visit to the ATM
7. Cromulence right?
$ wallet before + $ ATM before = $ wallet after + $ ATM after
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Chris throws a ball up in the air. If we say that the ball and System
the earth are the system, what does that mean? Answer: 3
system environment
1. The motion of the ball is
determined by the earth
2. The ball and earth obey rules
of physics
3. We are considering the ball The system is the part of the world we are
and earth separately from interested in at the moment. It's a choice.
Chris and other objects
The environment is everything outside the
4. Nothing else interacts with
system.
the ball and the earth
We draw the system with a circle around it.

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What do we call a force exerted by an object outside the System
system on an object inside the system? Answer: 4
1. Work
2. Energy
3. Interference
4. External interaction ball and ramp:
internal interaction
ramp and table:
external interaction
5. Extrinsic force
An internal interaction is between objects in
the system.
An external interaction involves an object
outside the system.
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Consider a system that includes a ball at the top of a ramp, Energy


the ramp, and the earth. What is an example of a process Answer: 2
that could occur in this system? initial final
state state
1. The system is
considered at an instant
in time
2. The ball rolls to the
bottom of the ramp
3. A hand holds the ball in A process is when the system changes from
place at the top of the one state to another state over a period of
ramp time.
4. The system is analyzed The process is a change from an initial state to
using physics rules a final state
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In any system of objects that does not interact with the Principles of conservation
environment, which of the following quantities is NOT Answer: 4
always conserved? In any isolated system, mass never appears or
1. Mass disappears although it may change form.
2. Energy The same is true for energy and momentum.
3. Momentum
4. Velocity initial final
state state

0 0 0 0 Bonus question: is this an isolated system?

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What is the real name of "Chalk smashing potential"? Energy
Answer: 3
brick

1. Momentum
2. Work
3. Energy
earth
4. Temperature
5. Inertia
6. Height We used the idea of "chalk smashing
potential" as a way to visualize the concept of
energy.
A system can contain energy in many
different forms.
0 0 0 0 0 0
Energy is, technically, the ability to do stuff.
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An object is raised above the surface of the earth. What Gravitational Potential Energy
kind of energy has been increased in the system of object
and earth? Answer: 4 brick

1. Kinetic energy
2. Vertical energy
3. Potential energy
earth
4. Gravitational potential
energy
5. Internal energy When an object and the earth are separated
against their mutual attraction they gain
more ability to do stuff if released.
For a system to contain gravitational
potential energy, the earth must be included
0 0 0 0 0
in the system.
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A fast- moving racecar slows down on a level track. Which Kinetic Energy
statement is correct about the system that includes Answer: 3
racecar, track, and earth?
1. Gravitational potential
energy has decreased The energy of a moving object is called kinetic
2. Kinetic energy has energy.
decreased If the object moves faster its kinetic energy
3. Kinetic energy has increases
increased
4. Kinetic energy has not
changed
5. More than one of these
is true 0 0 0 0 0

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What is the term for an external interaction that changes Work
Answer: 4
the total amount of energy in a system?
brick

1. Non-conservative force positive work

2. Impulse brick
3. External influence
earth earth
4. Work
5. Environmental factor When something from outside the system
causes the total energy in the system to
change, this is work
If the total energy in the system increases we
say positive work has been done
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Which situation describes a transformation of energy from Energy


Answer: 4
one form to another?
Type of energy in Symbol Name Increases Decreases when:
the system when:
1. A block is supported 2m Something is Gravitational
above the ground by a wire System object System object
elevated above the Ug Potential
moves higher moves lower
2. A block is supported 2m earth Energy
above the ground by a Something is Kinetic System object System object
stretched spring moving K Energy moves faster moves slower
3. A ball rolls at constant speed
Something elastic is Object is
across a level surface stretched or
Elastic
stretched or Object is stretched
4. A ball is released from rest at compressed from its Us Potential
compressed or compressed less
Energy
the top of a hill, and rolls rest position more
down
Electrostatic
Electric charges More charges Fewer charges are
5. More than one of these Uq Potential
are separated are separated separated
decsribes a transformation of 0 0 0 0 0
Energy
energy
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Which statement describes an observation about fire Observation


walking? Answer: 1
1. Some people walk on burning An observation is a report of what you can see or
hot coals without injury measure, without any attempt to explain.
2. Evaporating perspiration
cools the soles of the feet Think of a radio announcer at a ballgame or a crime
scene investigator trying to describe accurately and
3. The soles of the feet are
protected by a layer of ash
neutrally what she sees.
4. Mental concentration and
spiritual powers protect the
feet
5. Some people will believe
anything you tell them
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Which is a possible explanation for why people can walk Explanations
on burning coals without injury? Answer: 5
1. Some people have a An explanation is an idea that could possibly
power of mind over account for what you have observed.
matter Think of how you could explain the phenomenon
2. Evaporating perspiration using what you know.
protects the feet You may need to propose a new idea to explain
3. A layer of ash insulates what you see -- maybe even magic.
the feet
4. The coals are not really
hot
5. All but 4 0 0 0 0 0

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How would we investigate possible explanations for why Testing


some people can walk on burning hot coals without injury? Answer: 4
1. Ask people how they are 0 0 0 0 0 Ideas are tested by trying to show they are false.
able to perform this feat Use the idea to make a prediction. If the prediction does
2. Look for evidence to not come true, the explanation is no good.
confirm our ideas Idea: "This is a good used car for me to buy"
3. Find out what the
Prediction: "If I turn the key, the car will start"
experts think
4. List all possible Test: Turn the key
explanations and try to
disprove each one
5. Observe similar odd
feats like fire-breathing
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How could you test the idea that mental concentration Testing
protects the feet during a firewalk? Answer: 4
1. Ask many experimental The only definite conclusion is disproof. If you can firewalk
subjects to attempt a firewalk without mental concentration, mental concentration is not
using mental concentration necessary to walk over hot coals
2. Ask many experimental
subjects to attempt other Idea: "This is a good used car for me to buy"
feats using mental Car starts: idea may be correct
concentration
3. Ask subjects to describe how Tires are good: idea may be correct
mental concentration works Brakes work: idea may be correct
4. Ask many experimental
subjects to attempt a firewalk Hole in the floor: idea is NOT CORRECT
without using mental
0 0 0 0 Keep testing until disproved or satisfied with maybe!
concentration
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Which observation is NOT explained by the idea that Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
liquids and gases are composed of a large number of tiny Answer: 5
particles in continuous random motion?
1. Alcohol gradually Tiny molecules are in constant random motion.
disappears from paper
Alcohol molecules jump off the paper sooner or later
2. A balloon full of air has a
round shape Air molecules collide continuously with the walls of a
3. Open a bottle of perfume balloon
and soon you will smell it Perfume molecules move among air molecules, across the
4. Milk eventually mixes into room to your nose
coffee even without Milk and coffee molecules jostle and intermingle like
stirring dancers in a crowded club
5. ALL of these can be so
explained 0 0 0 0 0

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Which statement is NOT true about an inflated balloon? Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter
Answer: 1
1. Air molecules are packed Air and other gases at room temperature are mostly empty
together tightly inside space.
2. Air molecules are Molecules move at high speeds through empty space,
continually colliding with colliding with all surfaces and sometimes with each other
the inside walls of the
balloon These collisions cause gases to exert pressure on all
3. Air molecules are surfaces
continually colliding with A large number of tiny collisions feels like a continuous
the outside walls of the force
balloon
4. The area inside the balloon
0 0 0 0 0
is mostly empty space
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Which will NOT occur when the temperature of a box of Fluids at rest
gas is increased, according to our model? Answer: 4
1. Gas molecules will move An increase in temperature means an increase in the speed
more quickly of the rapidly moving microscopic particles
2. Gas molecules will collide
In gas, this means more and harder collisions with surfaces
with the walls of the box
including the walls of the container
more often
3. Gas molecules will collide In liquid, this means its more likely that liquid molecules
harder with the walls of the will escape each other and become gas
box
4. The amount of empty space
inside the box will decrease
5. The pressure inside the box
will increase 0 0 0 0 0

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Consider four similar containers of liquid. In which will you Fluids at rest
measure the greatest pressure at the bottom of the ruler? Answer: 5
1. 2. Pressure in a liquid or gas is exerted because of the force
required to support the fluid above.
The depth below the surface of the fluid is the only factor
that influences the pressure at any point
bucket flask

3. 4. 5.
All pressures are the same

cylinder funnel
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Consider the point indicated in an open container of liquid. Fluids at rest


In which direction is the pressure greatest? Answer: 5
1. Direction 1 At any small point, pressure is the same in all directions.
2. Direction 2 We explain this by saying that microscopic particles are
3. Direction 3 colliding from all directions.
4. Direction 4
5. All the same

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2
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Compare the pressure exerted by the liquid on the Fluids at rest


submerged block X at point A and point B Answer: 2
1. A is greater than B Deeper in the fluid means more pressure.
2. B is greater than A Pressure is the same in all directions at a given depth.
3. A is equal to at B
4. There is not enough
information to compare

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If block X is sinking in the fluid, what is the direction of the Fluids at rest
force exerted on the block by the liquid? Answer: 1
1. up There is always an upward force exerted by the fluid on a
2. down submerged or a partially submerged object

3. none But that does not mean the object will always float! Why
not?
4. There is not enough Fliquid on block
information to tell

block Does this block


X float or sink?
X

0 0 0 0 Fearth on block

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