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Code No: RR311203 Set No.

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III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
( Common to Information Technology and Electronics & Computer
Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) What is “look-up table” mechanism in frame buffers of video display units.
(b) If 8 bits of frame buffer memory is allocated per each primary color, how many
different colors are possible per pixel, in a color graphics display unit. [8+8]

2. What is meant by aliasing? Discuss about the two antialiasing methods. [6+5+5]

3. (a) Derive the transformation matrix to achieve the effect of shearing.


(b) Magnify the triangle with vertices A(0,0), B(1,1) and C(0,1) to twice its orig-
inal size while keeping C(0,1) fixed. [8+8]

4. Find the viewing transformation that maps a window whose left corner is at (1,1)
and upper right corner is at (3,5)
 on to a view port that has lower corner at (0,0)
1 1
and upper right corner at 2 , 2 . [16]

5. (a) If P (x, y, z) is an object reference point for scaling, explain how the scaling
operation is defined in terms of scaling with respect to the origin.
(b) Show that the multiplication of two successive scalings is commutative.
[8+8]

6. (a) Discuss about 3-dimensional viewing pipe line.


(b) Write a brief note about the following:
i. View plane
ii. View reference
iii. View plane normal. [7+9]

7. (a) Explain the procedure followed in Bezier’s methods for curve generation.
(b) What is the role of control points in Bezier’s approach? [10+6]

8. (a) What is meant by temporal aliasing? How to overcome this limitation?


(b) What is meant by interframe coherence? [10+6]

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Code No: RR311203 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
( Common to Information Technology and Electronics & Computer
Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain the design issues in color CRT monitors.


(b) Distinguish between CRT monitors and direct view storage tube (DVST) de-
vices. [8+8]

2. (a) Write an algorithm to draw a straight line between two end points using digital
differential analyzer (DDA) algorithm.
(b) Compute the intermediate points using the DDA algorithm, when the end
points of the line are given as (0,0) and (7,4). [8+8]

3. (a) Prove that the multiplication of two successive rotation matrices is commuta-
tive.
(b) Show that the reflection about the line y=x is equivalent to a reflection relative
to the x-axis followed by a counter clock wise rotation of 900 . [8+8]

4. (a) Let R be the rectangular window whose lower left hand corner is at L (-3,1)
and upper right-hand corner is at R (2,6). Find the end bit codes for the
following points.
i. A(-4,2)
ii. B(-1,7)
iii. C(-1,5)
iv. D(3,8)
(b) How do we determine whether a point p(x,y) lies to the left or to the right of
a line segment joining the points A(x1 , y1 ) and B(x2 , y2 )? [8+8]

5. Find the matrix for mirror reflection with respect to the plane passing through the
origin and having the normal vector whose direction is N = i + j + k. [16]

6. (a) List the conditions, which require no re-ordering of surfaces in painter’s algo-
rithm.
(b) Explain how to implement painter’s algorithm when the polygons over-laped
in cyclic order. [8+8]

7. (a) Prove that a Bezier curve in the plane is axis independent.


(b) Demonstrate that B-spline curve follows local control. [8+8]

8. (a) Discuss about the advantages and disadvantages of “quaternions”.

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Code No: RR311203 Set No. 2
(b) Explain how the animation effects are achieved using look-up table entries.
[8+8]

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Code No: RR311203 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
( Common to Information Technology and Electronics & Computer
Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain the functioning of Raster Graphics System.


(b) Consider a raster system with resolution of 1280 × 1024. How many pixels
could be accessed per second by a display controller that refreshes the screen
at a rate of 60 frames per second. What is the access time per pixel? [8+8]
2. (a) Distinguish the merits and demerits of scan line algorithm and flood fill algo-
rithm.
(b) Discuss about the super sampling approach followed for antialiasing. [10+6]
3. (a) List the basic transformations which cause the physical distortion in the trans-
formed object.
(b) An object point P(x,y) is translated in the direction U = aI + bJ and simulta-
neously an observer moves in the direction U. Show that there is no apparent
motion of the object point from the point of view of obsever. [8+8]
4. (a) Using steps followed in Sutherland-Hodgeman algorithm, determine the inter-
section point of the line segment P1 P2 against a clipping window P3 P4 where
coordinate of end points are P1 (0, 0) P2 (3, 2) P3 (3, 0) and P4 (0, 2).
(b) Why the Sutherland-Hodgeman algorithm is called as re-entrant algorithm.
[8+8]
5. The vector V is defined as V = a1 I + b1 J + c1 K and vector N is defined as
N = a2 I + b2 J + c2 K. Find the transformation Av,n which aligns the vector V with
the vector N. [16]
6. (a) Show how the calculations of the intersection of an edge with a scan line can
be made incremental as opposed to absolute.
(b) What difficulties are encountered in implementing the painter’s algorithm?
[8+8]
7. Explain the steps involved in Bezier’s method for curve generation. [16]
8. (a) Explain the role of texturing in realistic image generation.
(b) How the mapping from texture space to image space is performed in3-D space.
[8+8]

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Code No: RR311203 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2007
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
( Common to Information Technology and Electronics & Computer
Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain the design issues in color CRT monitors.


(b) Distinguish between CRT monitors and direct view storage tube (DVST) de-
vices. [8+8]

2. Derive and explain the Bresenham’s line algorithm with the help of a suitable
example. [4+8+4]

3. (a) Prove that the multiplication of two successive rotation matrices is commuta-
tive.
(b) Show that the reflection about the line y=x is equivalent to a reflection relative
to the x-axis followed by a counter clock wise rotation of 900 . [8+8]

4. (a) Let R be the rectangular window whose lower left hand corner is at L (-3,1)
and upper right-hand corner is at R (2,6). Find the end bit codes for the
following points.
i. A(-4,2)
ii. B(-1,7)
iii. C(-1,5)
iv. D(3,8)
(b) How do we determine whether a point p(x,y) lies to the left or to the right of
a line segment joining the points A(x1 , y1 ) and B(x2 , y2 )? [8+8]

5. The transformation matrix Av denotes the alignment of an arbitrary vector with the
T
Z-axis. Show that the alignment transformation satisfies the relation A−1
v = Av .
[16]

6. (a) Describe different parameters which influence the surface illumination.


(b) Discuss the principle followed in polyhedral model of shading. [8+8]

7. (a) Explain the conversion formulae to convert HLS to RGB system.


(b) What are the characteristics of HSV color model? [8+8]

8. (a) Discuss about the following:


i. Slow-in and Slow-out
ii. Moving-points path
iii. Euler angles.

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Code No: RR311203 Set No. 4
(b) Discuss about the algebraic structure-“quaternions”. [9+7]

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