Birding in Bhopal

DESTINATIONS AND CHECKLISTS

A brief introduction to bird watching spots in and around Bhopal With respect to their location and importance. Checklist of birds also included.

Developed by

Bhopal Birds

Released by

Bhopal Forest Division

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Contributions Suchitra Banerjee Sangeeta Rajgir Parag Bakshi M. Khalique Documentation Parag Bakshi Resource Persons
Following experts have contributed in the identification of the avian species from time to time through Bird Watching Camps and also helped to create an informal and formal group of birders in the city o Chinmay Rathore (IIFM Bhopal) o Kaustubh Sharma (BNHS) o Faiyaz Khudsar (Delhi University) o Lalit Sastri (The Hindu) o P M Lad (Bhopal) o Pratap Singh (WII, Dehradun) o R Sreenivas Murthy (Academy of Administration, Bhopal) o Sanjay Thakur (Kanha National Park) o Yogesh Dubey (IIFM Bhopal)

Conceived and Moderated by A K Bhattacharya

Contact Forest Department - DFO Bhopal (09424790550) Bhopal Birds - Chairperson (09827390167)
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Ecotourism and Birding

Birding is one of the most vibrant ecotourism activities. Ecotourism aims at the conservation of the natural resource of the destination and the bird biodiversity is the indicator of the conservation. At all the ecotourism destinations of the world, birding is a major and popular activity. Birding is also a good tool for the conservation education and the knowledge of the bird biodiversity of the area can help for the better planning. The MP Ecotourism Development Board plans to develop birding activity as one of significant the ecotourism products at all the destinations. What should a birder look for? a. For endemic birds, endangered birds, and other specialty birds are waiting for your list. b. For the diversity of bird life. c. For the adventure of birding unspoiled and little visited places. d. For seeing many different ones at an easy place and experience the nature, landscape, shopping. Birding in unspoiled, nature and little visited places will appeal you. Get the feeling of being first and of being able to discover things no one, or only a few have seen before. What does the Board plan to provide? a. b. c. d. e. f. Authentic information of birding places. Bird handbooks and checklists. Resource persons and guides. Birding equipments binoculars and spotting scopes. In situ facilitations hides, tree huts. Transportation to the birding and ecotourism sites.

Bhopal Birds Group of Environment Conservation Society, a Bhopal based NGO, has emerged as an excellent association of birders, both amateur and professional, and the group endeavours to provide effective platform for the promotion of the bird watching as a hobby as well as conservation education activity. This document has been developed with the help the Bhopal Birds Group to make the birding programme more effective and useful. (A K Bhattacharya)
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Birding in Bhopal
Beautiful landscape and greenery all around makes the city of Bhopal a suitable place for birding activities. There are some spots like Van Vihar and Shahpura, where for definite reasons, one can find different species of birds. But there are some other places too that are equally interesting for bird watching. This document presents the list of identified popular birding spots of Bhopal, along with the information on their location and description, and the checklist for each birding spot. Efforts have been made to prepare a checklist that provides maximum probability to spot a bird in a particular area. For this reason, the area covered by a spot is also described, i.e. Shahpura does not cover entire Shahpura but just the lake and its surrounding area. Such an area has been referred to as 'Birding area'. This document is based on the experience of both amateurs, and also experts and resource persons. All possible expertise was sought through a series of consultation and discussions to prepare the checklist of the birds. Bird watching camps and various visits to birding locations in a formal or informal way were utilized to identify birds and prepare the list. In all 204 species of birds have been authentically identified at ten identified birding destinations at Bhopal, based on the observations over the last two years. These include following eight threatened bird species 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Black Bellied Tern - Sterna acuticauda Black Ibis - Pseudibis Papillosa Bristled Grass Bird - Chaetornis striatus Darter Or Snake Bird - Anhinga melanogaster Open Bill Stork - Anastomus Oscitans Painted Stork - Mycteria leucocephala Sarus Crane - Grus antigone
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8. White Ibis - Threskiornis melanocephalus Birding spots in Bhopal 1. Van Vihar (192 species) 2. Kerwa (105 species) 3. Kaliasot (88 species) 4. Kolar (68 species) 5. Prempura Ghat (59 species) 6. Dhanwantari Park (56 species) 7. Ekant Park (49 species) 8. Shahpura (48 species) 9. Bhadbhada (37 species) 10.Sultania Infantry (36 species)

SITE DESCRIPTIONS 1. Van Vihar

This park is located on a hill adjacent to the Upper Lake. Wildlife watchers can view a variety of herbivorous and carnivorous species in the natural surroundings. This 495 hectares Park has tigers, crocodiles, bear, leopards and a wide variety of birds. A separate area has been allocated in the Park as bird's habitat that includes ponds, bushes and grasslands that attract birds. It is named as AVIARY. Many migratory birds arrive here during winters. Birding area of Van Vihar includes almost the entire area alongside the main road but prominently the bird sanctuary. Van Vihar's richness in avifauna lies in the fact that in a single day about 40-50 bird species can be spotted. Right from the gate you can start seeing Wagtails, Hoopoes, Prinias and as you enter the Park Warblers, Coucals and bulbuls welcome you. As we move further, water birds start appearing as you see Herons, Cormorants and Water Hens. Pied Kingfishers hover above the water and Indian Rollers with their fantastic courtship displays provide moments, that are always cherished by the birders. A good binocular enables you to see birds on the other side of the lake or flying above. Terns can be seen covering a large area over the lake.

Black dotted area is the birding area of Van Vihar

2. Kerwa
Kerwa Dam is one of the most popular picnic spots of Bhopal. Situated at a distance of about 10 kms, the reservoir has a catchments area of about 69 sq km Kaliasot and Kerwa reservoirs have been constructed to meet the water demands of Bhopal city during dry seasons. Birding area includes road from dam to the nursery and area around the flowing water. Kerwa is home to mottled wood owl. Nightjars can be heard, we hadn't seen but their frequent calls are helpful to identify them. Area around nursery has woodpeckers and fantail flycatchers and a large eucalyptus tree provides resting place to Indian roller. During monsoon, peacocks call frequently around this place. Bird watching in Kerwa demands patience and time. Your checklist on a given day does not add to more birds but you get to see crested serpent eagle sitting on a strong branch or Egyptian vulture flying above. Moreover, the first sighting of Stork billed kingfisher is from this very place.
Kerwa: area includes the dam, nursery and nearby areas around water.

3. Kaliasot
Kaliasot, again with catchments area of 17 sq km and a large forest area, provides a good opportunity to see wide variety of birds. Birding area starts from the stop dam where you can see lots of swifts and martins till the bull mother farm. Black shouldered kite can be seen over WALMI with its hovering flight.
Kaliasot - Area from stop dam till Bull mother farm connecting Kerwa road.

4. Kolar Dam
Kolar Dam, about 40 kms from Bhopal is a treat to visit in monsoons with lush green carpet spread all over and water streams flowing at different places. Forest is dense and provides home to woodpeckers and owlets. During winters,
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many terrestrial migratory birds like flycatchers and wagtails arrive here. Local bird sellers catch plum headed parakeets from this forest. Leela resort, on the way provides a parking place. Further moving to Kathotiya is a bumpy ride through a kachha road. Pipits and larks can be seen here on the rocky areas. This place is famous for adventure sports.

5. Prempura Ghat

If you don't want to spend 50 bucks to enter Van Vihar, Prempura Ghat provides an alternative. Basically used for idol immersion, this place attracts a lot of water birds. Not many birds as far as count is concerned have been seen here but many species found in Van Vihar can be easily spotted. They generally cross over Prempura Ghat to reach Van Vihar. Now days, a large number of cormorants can be seen in groups crossing this area. You can also find open bill storks sometimes in the evening again moving towards Van Vihar. Terns are common and pied kingfisher pair can be seen almost on any given day near the Ghat. Birding area of Prempura Ghat starts right from the turn to Ghat from Bhadbhada main road towards Van Vihar. A bund in between provides a good site to watch birds especially jacanas.
Birding area of Prempura Ghat: Area next to Van

Vihar used for idol immersion.

6. Dhanwantri Park
Located in BHEL area, Dhanwantri Park is famous for hundreds of varieties of roses and different seasonal flowers. Birding area comprises of complete park area including grassland towards the medical ground. Almost all the common birds like Mynah, bulbul etc can be seen here including magpie robin, long
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tailed shrike and babblers. This park is a permanent home of rose ringed parakeets and Koel.

7. Ekant Park
Ekant Park, spread in area of about 26 ha is a small forest in itself. With all major garden trees and a large area of bamboo plantations, it's a breeding place of many resident birds. A small water body attracts herons, egrets and other waders and the wooded area attracts flycatchers. Nest of bulbul, purple sunbird and silver bill munia are fairly common. There are many trails for birders that criss cross the park area.

8. Shahpura
Shahpura Lake provides a great habitat to different water and migratory birds next only to Van Vihar. Cormorants, terns, kingfishers and herons can be easily spotted. Bar headed geese was also seen here. Local fishermen are proving to be a threat to these birds as there have been reports that they use poison to kill these birds. Again, morning hrs is best to watch birds in this area. Birding area is area near the lake.
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9. Bhadbhada
Once a great spot to visit during monsoon, this place has totally changed after the construction of new roads and connecting bridges. This place attracts many water birds and has colonies of swifts and martins. Myna's clutter can be heard anytime of the day as you walk by. Best time is morning as there is less traffic during this time. Birding area is the complete wetland along the bridge.

10. Sultania Infantry

Beautiful lush green grass and small ponds along with a large variety of trees make this area an ideal birding spot. The trail leads to lawns and ponds beautifully landscaped with different species of plants all around. Peafowls can be seen in the lawns with much ease than any other place. Summer migrants like Pied crested cuckoo is also common.

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DESTINATION WISE SIGHTING OF BIRDS

LEGEND FOR BIRDING DESTINATIONS
Van Vihar Kerwa Kaliasot Kolar Prempura Ghat Dhanwantari Ekant Park Shahpura Bhadbhada Sultania Infantry

LEGEND FOR SIGHTING MONTHS (SM) (++ shows the presence of the bird)
JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER

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Total Count of Bird Species - 204

Common Name (Scientific Name) Status (SM) A B C D E F G H I J

Alexandrine Parakeet (Psittacula eupatria) Alpine Swift (Tachymarptis melba) Ashy Crowned Sparrow Lark (Eremopterix risea) Ashy Prinia ( Prinia socialis) Asian Koel (Eudynamys scolopacea) Asian Paradise Flycatcher (Terpsiphone paradisi) Asian Pied Myna (Sturnus contra linnaeus) Bar Headed Goose (Anser indicus ) Barn Owl (Tyto alba) Bay Backed Shrike (Lanius vittatus) Baya Weaver (Ploceus philippinus) Black Bellied Tern (Sterna acuticauda) Black Bittern (Dupetor flavicollis) Black Drongo (Dicrurus macrocercus vieillot) Black Headed Cuckoo Shrike (Coracena melanopetra)

Resident (1-12) Local Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (3-9) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-14) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Local Migratory (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12)

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Common Name (Scientific Name)

Status (SM)

Resident (10-6) Resident (1-12) Local Migratory (10-5) Black Redstart Migratory (Phoenicurus ochruros) (10-5) Black Shouldered Kite Resident (Elanus caeruleus) (1-12) Black Shouldered Woodpecker Resident (Chrysocolaptes festivus) (1-12) Black Tailed Godwit Migratory (Limosa limosa) (10-5) Black Winged Stilt Resident (Himantopus himantopus) (1-12) Blue Cheeked Bee Eater Migratory (Merops persicus pallas) (10-4) Blue Rock Pigeon Resident (Columba livia Gmelin) (1-12) Blue Rock Thrush Migratory (Monticola solitarius) (10-4) Blue Tailed Bee eater Local (Merops philippinus) Migratory (10-5) Blue Throat Migratory (Luscinia svecica) (11-4) Blyths Reed Warbler Migratory (Acrocephalus dumetorum blyth)` (10-4) Booted Eagle Migratory (Hieraaetus pennatus) (10-4) Booted Warbler Migratory (Hipplais pennatus) (10-4) Brahminy Shelduck Migratory (Tadorna ferruginea) (10-15) Brahminy Starling Resident (Sturnus pagodarum) (1-12) Brain Fever Resident (Hierococcyx varius vahl ) (1-12) Bristled Grass Bird Local (Chaetornis striatus) Migratory (----) Bronze Winged Jacana Resident (Metopidious indicus) (1-12) Brown Capped Pigmy Woodpecker Resident (Dendrocopos nanus) (1-12) Brown Headed Gull Migratory (Larus brunnicephalus) (10-4)

Black Ibis (Pseudibis Papillosa) Black Lored Yellow Tit (Parus xanthogenys) Black Naped Monarch Flycatcher (Hypothymis azurea)

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Common Name (Scientific Name)

Status (SM)

Brown Rock Chat (Cercomela fusca) Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) Chestnut Bittern (Ixobrychus cinnamomeus) Chestnut Headed Bee Eater (Merops leschenaulti) Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita) Citrine Wagtail (Motacilla citreola pallas) Clamorous Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus stentoreus) Comb Duck (Sarkidiornis melanotos) Common Babbler (Turdoides caudatus) Common Buttonquail (Turnix suscitator) Common Coot (Fulica atra linnaeus) Common Greenshank (Tringa nebularia) Common Grey Quail (Coturnix coturnix) Common Indian Nightjar (Caprimulgus asiaticus) Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) Common Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) Common Pochard (Aythya ferina) Common Redshank (Tringa totanus) Common Sandpiper (Actitis hypoleucos) Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago) Common Stonechat (Saxicola torquata) Common Swallow (Hirundo rustica)

Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Local Migratory (9-6) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-5) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-6) Migratory

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Migratory ++ (10-4) Resident ++ (1-12)

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Common Name (Scientific Name)

Status (SM)

Common Tailorbird (Orthotomus sutorius) Common Teal (Anus creeca linnaeus) Common Wood shrike (Tephrodornis pondicerianus) Coppersmith Barbet (Megalaima haemacephala) Cotton Teal (Nettapus coromandelianus) Crested Bunting (Melophus lathami) Crested Lark (Galerida cristata) Crested Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela) Crested Tree Swift (Hemiprocne coronata) Darter Or Snake Bird (Anhinga melanogaster ) Dusky Crag Martin (Hirundo concolor) Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus) Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) Eurasian Curlew (Numenius arquata) Eurasian Eagle Owl (Bubo bubo) Eurasian Golden Oriole (Oriolus oriolus) Eurasian Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) Eurasian Wryneck (Jynx torquilla ) Franklins Nightjar (Caprimulgus affinis) Franklins Prinia (Prinia hodgsonii) Gadwall (Anas strepera) Garganey (Anas querquedula) Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) Golden Backed Woodpecker (Dinopium benghalense)

Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-5) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-15) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-15) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-5) Resident (1-12) Resident (3-7) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-6) Resident (1-12)

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Common Name (Scientific Name)

Status (SM)

Great Tit (Parus major linnaeus) Greater Coucal (Centropus sinensis) Greater Painted Snipe (Rostratula benghalensis) Green Sandpiper (Tringa ochropus) Greenish Leaf Warbler (Phylloscopus trochiloides ) Grey Francolin (Francolinus pondicerianus) Grey Headed Flycatcher (Culicicapa ceylonensis) Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea linnaeus) Grey Hornbill (Ocyceros birostris) Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea tunstall ) Hoopoe (Upupa epops) House Crow (Corvus splendens) House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) House Swift (Apus affinis) Humes Warbler (Phylloscopus humei) Indian Bush Lark (Mirafra erythropetra blyth) Indian Cormorant (Phalacrocorax fusicollis stephens) Indian Courser (Corsorius coromandelicus) Indian Cuckoo (Cuculus micropterus) Indian Jungle Nightjar (Caprimulgus indicus) Indian Robin (Saxicoloides fulicata) Indian Roller (Coracias benghalensis) Indian Tree Pie (Dendrocitta Vagabunda) Iora (Aegithina tiphia)

Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (1-12) Migratory (10-6) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Migratory (1-12) Resident (9-6) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-6) Resident (1-12) Migratory (9-6) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12)

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Common Name (Scientific Name)

Status (SM)

Isabeline Wheatear (Oenanthe isabellina) Jungle Babbler (Turdoides striatus) Jungle Crow (Corvus macrorhyncos wagler) Jungle Prinia (Prinia sylvatica jerdon) Kentish Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) Large Cormorant (Phalacorax carbo) Large Cuckoo Shrike (Coracina macei ) Large Egret (Cosmerodius albus) Large Grey Babbler (Turdoides malcolmi) Laughing Dove (Streptopelia Senegalensis) Lesser Whistling Teal (Dendrocygna javanica) Lesser White Throat (Sylvia curruca) Little Cormorant (Phalacrocorax Niger) Little Egret (Egretta garzeta) Little Grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis) Little Green Heron (Butorides Striatus) Little Ringed Plover (Charadrius dubius)` Long Tailed Shrike (Lanius schach linnaeus) Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) Marsh Harrier (Circus Aeruginosus) Marsh Sandpiper (Tringa stagnatilis) Median Egret (Mesophoyx intermedia) Mottled Wood Owl (Strix ocellata) Night Heron (Nyticorax nyticorax )

Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-5) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-6) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-6) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-5) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12)

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Common Name (Scientific Name)

Status (SM)

Northern Pintail (Anas acuta linnaeus) Open Bill Stork (Anastomus Oscitans) Oriental Magpie Robin (Copsychus saularis) Oriental Tree Pipit (Anthus hodgosoni richmond) Oriental White Eye (Zosterops palpebrosus) Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) Paddy Field Pipit (Anthus rufulus vieillot ) Paddy Field Warbler (Acrecephalus agricola) Painted Stork (Mycteria leucocephala) Pariah Kite (Milvus migrans) Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) Pheasant Tailed Jacana (Hydrophasianus chirurgus) Pied Bush Chat (Saxicola caprata) Pied Crested Cuckoo (Clamator jacobinus)` Pied Kingfisher (Ceryle rudis) Plain Prinia (Prinia inornata) Plum Headed Parakeet (Psittacula cyanocephala) Pond Heron (Ardeola grayii) Purple Heron (Aredea purpurea linnaeus) Purple Moorhen (Porphyrio porphyrio) Purple Sunbird (Nectarinia asiatica) Red Breasted Flycatcher (Ficedula para) Red Collared Dove (Streptopelia tranquebarica) Red Crested Pochard (Rhodonesa rufina)

Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-6) Resident (1-12) Migratory (----) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-6) Migratory (6-10) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-3)

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Common Name (Scientific Name)

Status (SM)

Red Munia (Amandave amandava) Red Vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus cafer) Red Wattled Lapwing (Vanellus indicus) River Tern (Sterna aurantia) Rose Ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri ) Roufous TailedFinch Lark (Ammomanes phoenicurus) Sarus Crane (Grus antigone) Shikra (Accipiter badius) Shoveller (Anas clypeata) Silver Billed Munia (Lonchura malabarica) Small Blue Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) Small Green Bee-Eater (Merops orientalis) Small Minivet (Pericrocotus cinnamomeus) Spot Billed Duck (Anus poecilorhyncha) Spotted Dove (Streptopelia chinensis) Spotted Munia (Lonchura puctulata) Spotted Owlet (Athene brama) Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis macularia) Stork Billed Kingfisher (Halcyon capensis) Streak Throated Swallow (Hirundo fluvicola blyth) Sulpher Bellied Warbler (Phylloscopus griseolus) Sykes Crested Lark (Galerida deva) Temmincks Stint (Claridris temminckii) Thick Billed Flower Pecker (Dicaeum agile)

Migratory (10-5) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (9-5) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-5) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12)

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Common Name (Scientific Name)

Status (SM)

Tickells Blue Flycatcher (Cyorns tickelliae) Verditer Flycatcher (Eumyias thalassina) Whiskered Tern (Chlidonias hybridus) White Bellied Drongo (Dicrurus caerulescens) White Bellied Minivet (Pericrocotus erythropygius) White Breasted Kingfisher (Halcyon smrnensisy) White Breasted Water Hen (Amourornis phoenicurus) White Browed Fantail Fly Catcher (Rhipidura aureola lesson)` White Browed Wagtail (Motacilla maderaspatensis gmelin) White Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) White Necked Stork (Ciconia episcopus) White Rumped Munia (Lochura striata) White Stork (Ciconia Ciconia) White Wagtail (Motacilla alba linnaeus) Wigeon (Anas penelope) Wire Tailed Swallow (Hirundo simthii leach) Wood Sandpiper (Tringa glareola) Yellow Eyed Babbler (Chrysomma sinense) Yellow Fronted Pied Woodpecker (Dendrocopos mahrattensis) Yellow Throated Sparrow (Petronia xanthocollis) Yellow Wagtail (Motacilla flava linnaeus) Yellow Wattled Lapwing (Vanellus malabaricus)

Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Resident (1-12) Migratory (10-5) Migratory (10-4) Resident (1-12)

++ ++ ++

++ ++

++

++ ++

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

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References
Ali Salim (1979). The Book of Indian Birds. Vol XI. BNHS, Oxford University Press, Mumbai. Ali Salim (2000). The Book of Indian Birds. Vol XII. BNHS, Oxford University Press, Mumbai. Ali Salim (2002). The Book of Indian Birds, BNHS & OUP - (Thirteenth Edition revised) Grimmett R and Inskipp Tim (2003). Birds of Northern India. Oxford University Press. Kazmierczak Krys and Ber van Parlo (2003). A Field Guide to the Birds of India. Pica Press, UK.

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