CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the problem In Indonesia is already familiar if often discussed problem of unemployment. Unemployment is usually caused by a lack of employment opportunities that exist in Indonesia either provided by the government and the employers. View of the Indonesian population that will grow increasingly likely diIndonesia unemployment increases if the government does not increase the number of jobs. City terrain it is high unemployment, even many who lulusa scholars who do not have a job so high school graduates. In Sumater Utara, the number of college graduates each year who are ready to pull out quite a lot of work. And moreover calculated by the number of secondary schools, the number of unemployment in the city is very much terrain. The number of qualified graduates and the limited number of jobs that will be addressed to make us as students to investigate and try to find a solution of unemployment that later after we graduated from college with no fear of unemployment. And we also want to know the reasons that make the growing number of unemployed, especially in North Sumatra Indonesia.

B. Problem Formulation As described in the background, the formulation of the problem as follows penulismengambil 1. What is the definition of definition of unemployment? 2. What is the problem of unemployment in Indonesia? 3. What is the state of unemployment in Indonesia? 4. What is the impact of unemployment?

CHAPTER II ANALYSIS

A. Definition of Unemployment

a) The definition of unemployment is technically everyone in the reference time, ie at the age of the labor force does not work, either in terms of wages or self-employment, then look for a job, wages or self-employment, then look for a job, having activities dalamarti active in the job search. In addition to the above there are many definitions of the term meaning unemployment definitions. b) Definition of unemployment by Sadono Sukirno. The unemployment is a situation where a person belonging to the labor force, wanted to get a job but have not been able to get it c) The definition of unemployment by Payman J. Simanjuntak The unemployment is a person who did not work was the labor force not working at all or working less than two days during the week prior to enumeration and tried to get a job. d) The definition of unemployment by the general term of the center and man power training.
The unemployment is a person who was not able to get jobs and make money even be able to do the work.

e) Definition of unemployment by minister Unemployment is a person who does not work, looking for work, prepare a new business, and not looking for work because they are not likely to get a job again.

B. Unemployment Issues in Indonesia Unemployment is a term for people who do not work at all, looking for work, working less than two days during the week, or someone trying to get a job. Unemployment is generally caused because the labor force is not proportional to the number of jobs that can absorb it. Unemployment is often a

problem in the economy due to the existence of unemployment, productivity and incomes will be reduced so as to give rise to poverty and social problems of unemployment. Can be calculated by comparing the number of unemployed to the total labor force expressed as a percent. The lack of revenue caused unemployment should reduce their consumption spending which causes decreased levels of prosperity and wellbeing. Prolonged unemployment can also cause bad psychological effects the unemployed and their families. The unemployment rate is too high can also cause political turmoil, social security and so interfere with the growth and economic development. Long-term result is a decline in GNP and per capita income of a state. In developing countries such as Indonesia, the technical term is "underemployed" in which the work should be done with a little labor, performed by more people. Employment issues in Indonesia is now reaching alarming sufficient condition characterized by the number of unemployed and underemployed large, relatively low incomes and less prevalent. Instead of unemployment and underemployment are high is a waste of resources and a waste of potential, a burden on the family and society, the main source of poverty, can lead to social unrest and increased crime, and can hinder development in the long run. Conditions of unemployment and underemployment are high is a waste of resources and potential, become the burden on families and communities, the main source of poverty, can lead to social unrest and increased crime, and can hinder development in the long run. Development of Indonesia fore highly dependent on the quality of human resources in Indonesia are physically and mentally healthy and have the skills and expertise of the work, so as to build the families to have jobs and steady and decent income, so as to meet the needs of life, health and education of members family. In national development, macroeconomic policy, which is based on synchronization of fiscal and monetary policy should lead to the creation and expansion of employment opportunities. Mikrodan effort to cultivate an independent small business needs including access policy alignments, companion, small business financing and interest rates small

mendukung.Kebijakan

central

and

provincial

government

policy

danPemerintah District / City must be a unity of mutual support for the creation and expansion of employment opportunities. National Movement Disaster Unemployment (GNPP), Mengingat70 percent unemployed

dominated by young people, it would require special handling in an integrated program of action and the creation of employment opportunities specifically for young people by all parties. Based on the above conditions need to be a national response Unemployment (GNPP) to deploy all the elements and potential national and regional policies and strategies to develop and implement prevention programs unemployment. One measure of national and regional policies to be successful in the expansion of employment or reduction of unemployment and underemployment. C. The state Unemployment in Indonesia. Unemployment occurs because among other things, that because the number of jobs available is smaller than the number of job seekers. Also competencies job seekers do not match the job market. In addition, the lack of effective labor market information for job seekers. The phenomenon of unemployment is also closely related to the termination of employment, due to among others, the company shut down / reduce its business due to the economic crisis or unfavorable security; regulations that hinder investment in; obstacles in the process of import export, BPS etc.According unemployment in 2002, amounting to 9.13 million openly unemployed, about 450 thousand of them are highly educated. When viewed from the age of the majority of the unemployed (5.78 million) are at a young age (15-24 years). In addition there are 2.7 million unemployed people find it impossible to get a job (hopeless). A situation like this would be very dangerous and threaten national stability. Another issue is the number of underemployed are working less than the normal working hours of 35 hours per week, in 2002 amounted to 28.87 million people. Some of them are working at a lower position than the level of education, low wages, resulting in low productivity. Thus the problem of unemployment and underemployed amount to 38 million people who should be completed. Center for Economic

Research Indonesian Institute of Sciences (P2ELIPI) predicts that this year the number of unemployed will rise to 11.833 million people. This figure does not include labor ex Indonesia (TKI) who returned to the country from Malaysia and unemployment.

D. Unemployment Causes Poverty On 17 October, the global community has just celebrated antipoverty entire world. However, in this country, poverty is a social symbol that was almost absolute and insoluble. Since the colonial period to the present, though difficult predicate poor countries escape from the nation's potential content of famous abundant natural wealth. Poverty seemed increasingly melancholy story complete with the occurrence of various natural disasters and artificial disasters: earthquakes, tsunamis, Lapindo hot mud, and forest fires that followed smog. Pockets of poverty in the country were increasingly diffuse malignant bakvirus, ranging from tier rural, urban cities, the unemployed, to the fishing villages. Regardless of the debate over the use of indicators, data on poverty in this country continues to demonstrate deteriorating trend. The number of poor people in Indonesia accounted for 17 percent of the population has now reached 220 million. According to official data Susenas (CBS, 2006), the number of poor people increased from 35.10 million (15.97 percent) to 29.05 million (17.75 percent). While the number of unemployed according Sakernas (CBS, 2006) has continued to increase from 10.9 million people (10.3 percent) in February 2005 to 11.1 million people (10.4 percent) in February 2006.

CHAPTER III CONCLUSION A. Conclusion 1. Based on the papers that have been compiled by us we can conclude that the unemployed are the ones who do not get a good job, and if the work is not in accordance with the level of education as he traveled disguised unemployment name. 2. The problem of unemployment is the lack of employment diIndonesia available in Indonesia. 3. The state of unemployment in Indonesia is a difficult problem because the solution gets annually anggkatan amount of work in Indonesia is being added to both the college level and high school level. 4. Can we conclude that the impact of unemployment is increasing poverty in Indonesia.

B. ADVICE 1. Keep the attention of the government to tackle the problem of unemployment. 2. Governments need to open a new project either state or as the construction of roads that can accommodate the workforce. 3. It's good all the colleges and schools to improve the quality of teaching so that graduates are able to work inside and outside the country. 4. Need special attention in order to avoid poverty worse