Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science DEPARTMENT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING Course Outline, Winter 2013 AER 621: Aerospace

Structural Design Instructor: Dr. Zouheir Fawaz, Office: ENG 163, Phone: (416) 979-5000 ext. 7417 Email: zfawaz@ryerson.ca Office hours: Wednesdays 1 to 2 pm and Fridays 1 to 3 pm AER 504, AER 507 and AER 520 Aircraft Structures for Engineering Students, 5th edition, T. Megson You may acquire this book online from multiple sources, for example at: http://store.elsevier.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780080969053 Airframe Structural Design, M.C.Y. Niu Aircraft Structures, David J. Peery Analysis & Design of Flight Vehicle Structures, E. Bruhn Aerospace Vehicle Design, Vol. I Aircraft Design, K.D. Wood Airplane Design (Parts I-VIII), Jan Roskam Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach, Daniel P. Raymer http://www.ryerson.ca/calendar/2012-2013/pg3153.html: Aircraft structural integrity concepts and stress analysis methods. Fail-safe vs. safe-life design. Component life estimation. Load spectra, damage tolerance. Aerodynamic manoeuvre, gust, pressurization and landing loads. V-n diagrams. Wing design: stress analysis. Strength vs. stiffness. Torsional and bending divergence. Introduction to control reversal and flutter. Fuselage analysis. Effect of cutouts. Buckling of columns, thin plates and stiffened panels under a variety of loading conditions are examined. Lab work will entail the design of aircraft primary structure. The main objective of this course is to learn how to optimally design major aircraft structural parts, including wings, fuselage sections, tailplane sections and landing gears. In order to accomplish the above, previously acquired knowledge will be complemented with focused learning directly applicable to the special types of structures that make up the entirety of an airframe. A holistic approach is adopted whereby the structural parts are treated not so much as standalone components but within a global understanding of the role they play in the overall structural integrity scheme of an airplane. Therefore, coverage includes ample discussion of the types of loads an aircrafts structure sees on the ground but mostly in flight and how these global loads translate into component loads and ultimately lead to critical stresses that the structure must then be designed to resist. At the end of this course, the successful student will be able to: 1. Demonstrate a global knowledge of the fundamentals of aircraft design. (1) 2. Apply appropriate background knowledge to analyze and formulate a solution to aircraft structural design problems. (2) 3. Research, gather, and analyze information to address multi-facetted problems related to aircraft structural design. (3) 4. Propose solutions to complex open-ended aircraft structural design problems with

Prerequisites: Recommended Text: Other Reference Text:

Calendar Description:

Learning Objectives:

attention to economic, health, safety, and environmental concerns. (4) 5. Work individually to collect data, analyze problems, make design decisions, and take leadership of technical design tasks. (6) 6. Contribute effective technical subcomponents to a larger design document and make convincing written presentations using a coherent, logical and professional style. (7) 7. Understand the engineers role in protection of the public interest. (8) 8. Be cognizant of the impact that structural design alternatives can have on human health and safety, on the environment, and on economic wellbeing. (9) 9. Incorporate economics, including risk and uncertainty, to decision making. (11)
Note: Numbers in parentheses refer to the attributes required by the CEAB. For more information, see: http://www.feas.ryerson.ca/quality_assurance/accreditation.pdf

Course Organization:

The course is one semester in length and consists of a 3-hour lecture component and a 1hour laboratory/tutorial component each week. Design Project Course Readiness Test Midterm Test Late term Test 40% 2 10% 3 20% 4 30% 5

Course Evaluation1:

1 In order to pass this course you must separately have a pass mark in the design project component as well as the combined test average 2 You will have to complete a report on a major aircraft structural design task that will be assigned on March 1 and due on April 15 by 5 pm. 3 This is a 50 minutes test to be administered on Wednesday January 16. 4 This is a 90 minutes test to be administered on Friday March 1. 5 This is a 110 minutes test to be administered on Friday April 12. Course Content Summary: 1. 2. 3. Introduction: Role of Major A/C Structural Components; Stress Analysis Overview. A/C Loads; Maneuver Loads, Gust Loads, V-N Diagrams, Landing Loads Structural Analysis: Stress and Stiffness Analysis Methods Applicable To A/C Structural Design; Stress Analysis and Design of Thin Walled Monocoque and Semi Monocoque Structures: Bending, Torsion, Combined Loads, Open Sections, Closed Sections, Shear Flow, Shear Centre, Buckling of Columns, Thin Flat and Curved Plates, Structural Idealization Wing Structural Design: Spanwise and Chordwise Wing Loads; Various Wing Load Estimation Methods; Wing Box Design; Straight and Tapered Wing Box; Aeroelastic Phenomena Fuselage Structural Design: Fuselage Loads and Stresses; Pressurization Stresses; Effects of Cutouts Advanced Topics: Design Against Fatigue; Fail Safe; Safe Life; Life Estimation; Damage Tolerance Concepts.

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Some Course Specific Notes: 1. In the capstone design course that you will take in the final year of your program you will have ample opportunity to work within the framework of a team to complete a major design assignment. In contrast, the focus of AER621 is on your individual contributions. As such, all deliverables are expected to be the product of your own efforts and not those of any other students or sources.

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The design task is an essential part of this course and failure to submit the corresponding report without a valid reason will result in an F grade in the course. Furthermore, late submission of the report will lead to a lateness penalty equivalent to 5 marks per day. Reports submitted more than four days late will not be accepted which will again lead automatically to an F grade in the course You are asked to prepare your design report in a professional technical format that pays close attention to written communication. Marking of those reports will ultimately be based on their technical content as well as the quality of their writing. While not monitored systematically, regular attendance is very important for the successful completion of this course. Occasionally, unannounced quizzes carrying bonus marks will be administered as a way to reward students who attend regularly as well as provide a means of assessing how up to date students are on their notes and knowledge of material being covered.

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Other Important Notes: 1. The required design report must have the standard cover page which can be completed and printed from the Department website at www.ryerson.ca/aerospace/undergraduate/ . The cover page must be signed by the student(s) prior to submission of the report. Submissions without the cover pages will not be accepted. 2. Should a student miss a term test or equivalent, with appropriate documentation, a make-up will be scheduled as soon as possible in the same semester. 3. Students are required to adhere to all relevant University policies including: Undergraduate Grading, Promotion and Acad. Standing, http://www.ryerson.ca/senate/policies/pol46.pdf Student Code of Academic Conduct, http://www.ryerson.ca/senate/policies/pol60.pdf Student Code of Non-Academic Conduct, http://www.ryerson.ca/senate/policies/pol61.pdf Undergraduate Academic Consideration and Appeals, http://www.ryerson.ca/senate/policies/pol134.pdf Examination Policy, http://www.ryerson.ca/senate/policies/pol135.pdf Accom.of Student Relig., Abor. and Spir. Observance, http://www.ryerson.ca/senate/policies/pol150.pdf Est.of Stud. Email Accts for Official Univ. Commun., http://www.ryerson.ca/senate/policies/pol157.pdf 4. Students are required to obtain and maintain a Ryerson Matrix e-mail account for timely communications between the instructor and the students. 5. Should there be any changes in the course outline, test dates, marking or evaluation those will be discussed in class prior to being implemented.

Prepared by: Z. Fawaz

Date: __January 1, 2013________

Jan. 7th, 2013. Reviewed by: _________________________________ Date: _________________________ J. Lassaline