“rSwfrdor# - udkatmifqef;.

ausmif;om;b0”

AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; (0g)ocifatmifqef;(0g)udkatmifqef;ESifh ausmif;aebuf EkdifiHa&;vkyfaz:udkif

buf wOD;jzpfcJhI ausmif;YaepOfu rSwfrdor#udk rSwfwrf;wifvdkufonf? udkatmifqef;onf u|efawmfwdk@
xuf 2 ESpfapmI wuUodkvfodk@ a&muf±Sdaeygonf? udkatmifqef;udk u|efawmfwdk@twef; qif;csdefESifh
oltwef;wuf&ef okwfoD;okwfysm vmcsdefwdk@wGif ‘tif;0’ aqmifa±S@wGif r=umc% qkHpnf;rdwwf=uyg
onf? aemuf udkatmifqef;ESifh u|efawmfwdk@ cifrif&if;ESD;vmcJh=uonf?
udkatmifqef;. ausmif;om;b0 0wfykHqifykHrSm u|efawmfwdk@tzdk@ txl;tqef; r[kwfaomfvnf;
trsm;tzdk@ tawmf}uD;xl;qef;aeovdk jzpfcJhygonf? ±Syftuôsudk =u,foD;tjynfhrwwfbJ yifeDtay:tuôs
udk uydku±dk0wfI rEWav;vkHcsnf tEGrf;udkyif qifjref;um qHyifpkwfzGg;ESifh oif=um;ydk@cscsufrsm;vkduf&ef
rSwfpkpmtkyfvufwGifudkif+yD; pkdufpdkuf pdkufpdkuf oGm;wwfonfudk ,ckwkdifyif rSwfrdvsuf±Sdygonf?
u|efawmfwdk@ todrdwfaqG oli,fcsif;rsm;ESifhawG@v#if udkatmifqef;onf +yKH;Iom E_wfquf+yD;
a±S@qufpdkufpkduf pdkufpdkufoGm;avh±Sdygonf? wckckudk tpOf tm±kHpdkuf+yD; aeaomtoGifrSm t+rJxif±Sm;I
aeygonf? udkatmifqef;onf ausmif;wGif oli,fcsif;rsm;ESifh ‘a[;vm; - 0g;vm;’ pum;zGJ@avhr±Sdyg?
oif=um;ydk@csor#udk t+rJ tm±kHpdkuf+yD; em;axmif rSwfom;avh±Sdygonf? xdk@a=umifhvnf; udkatmifqef;
pmar;yGJwdkif; aumif;pGmatmifjrifonfcsnf; jzpfygonf?
udkatmifqef;ESifh cifrif&if;ESD;vm+yD; ol.tcef;odk@ oGm;a&mufvnfywfaomtcg ol.tcef;rSm
raooyfqkH; tcef;wck t+rJjzpfaeonfudk aumif;pGmowdjyKrdonf? wcgw&H udkatmifqef;onf nvkH;
ayguf pmzwfavh±Sdygonf? pmoifcef;wGif E_wfqdyfoavmuf ol.tcef;a&mufI pum;prdv#if
udkatmifqef;onf tmaygiftm&if;oefoefESifh pdwfygvufyg ajymavh±Sdygonf? rnfonfudkavhvm avhvm
Ed_ufE_dufc|wfc|wf tyifyef;cH+yD; avhvmwwfygonf? xdk@a=umifh udkatmifqef;pum;ajymv#if ydkifydkifEkdifEkdif
ajymvnf;ajymEkdifygonf? ol.ajym[efxJrS ‘'Dr,f –'Dr,f’[k ajymykHrsm; ‘udk,fhvl-udk,fhvl’[k ajymykH
rsm;rSm em;xJwGifpGJI ,ae@wkdif ±Sdaeygao;onf?
wnaewGif oxkHaqmifYaeaom udkausmf+idrf;(,ck 'k0ef}uD;csKyf)/ udkatmifqef;ESifh
u|efawmfwdk@ okH;OD;om wuUodkvf&dyfomvrf;ESifh tif;vsm;vrf;axmif (,ck ukvm;vufbuf&nfqdkifem;)
wGif a&mif;aeaom ta=umfqdkifY w0pm;=u+yD; tif;vsm;uefbufudk av#muf=uygonf? b*FgvDvli,frsm;
. ajcmufvSef@owfjzwfa&;0g'(Terrorism) udk ol±GH@±Sm rkef;wD;ykH tm;&yg;& ajym+yD;v#if olonf wOD;csif;
vlpGr;f aumif;0g'udk rke;f wD;a=umif;/ pkaygif; pnf;±kH;vkyfudkifjcif; (organized action) udkom ,kH=unfa=umif;
wem&Dausmfausmfcef@ ajymEkdifcJhygonf?
udkatmifqef;"gwfykHrSm tawmf}uD;pHepfusvSygonf? yxrpmtkyf. rmwdumudk aumif;
pGm rSwfom;ygonf? aemufwcef;pDzwfvsuf zwf+yD;om; tcef;rsm;. tcsKyfoabmudk rSwfpkpmtkyfjzpfap/
pm±GufvGwfYjzpfap rmwdumacgif;pOfcsI twdkcsKyf (summary) rdrdbmomrdrd a&;om;avh±Sdygonf?
udkatmifqef;onf ausmif;pGmESifh tjyifpm ESpfckvkH;udk ausvnfatmif zwfEdkifaom owWd±Sdoljzpfavonf?
xdkacwftcgu ay:aygufaeaom jy\emrsm;/ tajctaersm;udk r=umc%qdkovdk
udkatmifqef;ESifh aqG;aEG;=uygonf? udkatmifqef;onf t+zD;tjzef;rygbJ vdk&if;csufrsm;udk jywfjywf
om;om; wpfwpfcGcG az:xkwfavh±Sdygonf? pma&;&mwGifvnf; t*FvdyfbmomESifhjzpfap/ jrefrmbmomESifh
jzpfap/ xdxdrdrd xif±Sm;ay:vGifatmif a&;om;Ekdifygonf? 2 bmompvkH;udk aumif;aumif;}uD;
u|rf;u|rf;usifusif a&;Ekdifolrsm; enf;yg;aomfvnf; udkatmifqef;rSm xdkodk@a&;EdkifolwOD; jzpfygonf?
udkatmifqef; Oya'wef; yxrESpfoif=um;aecdkuf xkdpOfu uG,fvGefol a'gufwm
odef;armif OD;pD;aom jrefrmydkif t*Fvdyfowif;pm ‘e,l;bm;rm;’wGif tcsdefydkif; t,f'Dwmtjzpf 0ifa&muf
vkyfudkifcJhygonf? u|efawmfvnf; xdkowif;pmwGifyif tcsdefydkif; owif;t,f'Dwmtjzpf vkyfvsuf±Sdygonf?
u|efawmfwkd@ 2-OD;pvkH;onf nae 3-em&DcGJausmfrS owif;pmwdkufodk@ a&muf=uygonf? owif;pmwdkuf
a&mufv#if udkatmifqef;onf aemufwae@twGuf owif;acgif;}uD;udk }udKwifpOf;pm;vmcJhonfhtwdkif;
xdkif&mrx qdkovdk wxdkifwnf;ESifh t+yD; a&;avh±Sdygonf? udkatmifqef;a&;cJhaom owif;pmacgif;}uD;ydkif;
rsm;rSm e,fcsJ@qef@usifa&;rsm;om jzpf=uygonf? t*Fvdyfpmudka&;&mY Edkifeif;onfESifhtr# cufcJvSaom
jy\emwdk@udk ±Sif;vif;yDopGm az:xkwfEkdifcJhojzifh e,fcsJ@tpdk;&ESifh EkdifiHa&;&yfuuG fwdk@wGif udkatmifqef;.
‘acgif;}uD;ydkif;’rsm;udk av;av;pm;pm; ±SdcJh=u&avonf?
jrefrmaqmif;yg;rsm;udkrl ‘r[m'*kef’ r*~Zif;}uD;Y a&;avh±SdcJhygonf? jrefrmaqmif;yg;rsm;
a&;aomtcgwGifvnf; udkatmifqef;onf jrefrmoH yDyDooESifhom a&;avh±SdcJhygonf? a[majym&mYrl
udkatmifqef;onf ‘a'g’rsm;rsm;yg+yD; ajymcsifaZm }uD;aeonfudk r=umc% }uKH&wwfygonf? ‘tkd;a0’
r*~Zif;pmwnf;tjzpf udkatmifqef; aqmif±GufaepOfu ‘i&JacG;}uD;vGwfvmav+yD’[laom t*Fvdyfpm
u¾yg aqmif;yg;rSm wuUodkvfe,fajromru wEkdifiHvkH; odrfhodrfhwkefoGm;cJhygonf? xdkaqmif;yg;wGif
zGifhcsvdkufaomtcsufrsm;udk ta=umif;jyKI ausmif;om;ta&;awmfykH ay:cJh&avonf? ArmhEkdifiHa&;jzpfpOf
wGif rSwfwdkif}uD;wck[k qdkEkdifygonf?
or*~udpPrsm;udk aqmif±Guf&mwGifvnf; udkatmifqef;onf tyifyef;cHum tpm;
taomuf ttdyftaeudk yrmrjyKbJ vkyfavh±Sdygonf? tvkyfvkyf&rSmudk b,faomtcgr# a=umuf±GH@jcif;
r±Sdolrsm;wGif udkatmifqef;onf xdyfqkH;u t+rJ±Sdygonf? ZGJvnf;tvGef jyif;xefygonf? bmvkyfvkyf
pdwfa&mudk,fyg vkyfwwfIvnf; olvkyfor#rSm c&D;a&mufavh±Sdygonf?
ausmif;om;b0Y [efa&;jyjcif;udk pufqkwf+yD; xdxdrdrd avhvmrSwfom;um ZGJ±Sd±SdESifh
vkyfom;udkifom;usaom udkatmifqef;onf ocifatmifqef;taeESifh‚if;/ AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;taeESifh‚if;
EkdifiHhwm0efwdk@udk rarmEkdif ryef;Ekdif qufvuf xrf;aqmif+yD; EdkifiHvGwfvyfa&;rkcfOD;odk@ ta&mufydk@aqmifEkdif
cJhjcif;rSm ausmif;om;ausmif;olwdkif; tm;usenf;,lbG,fyif jzpfawmhonf?
ausmif;om; ausmif;olwdkif; udkatmifqef; enf;wl EkdifiHtwGuf }udK;yrf;tm;xkwfEkdif=u
ygap? ?
ocifausmfpdef

( 1960-61 ckESpfxkwf &efukefwuUodkvf ESpv

f nfpmapmif twGJ(4)/ trSwf(2) rS xkwfE_wfaz:jyygonf?)