Chronological list of popes

1st5th centuries 1st century

Numerical order 1 Pontificate 33 64/67 Portrait Name English Regnal St Peter PETRUS Personal name Simon Peter C C Place of birth Bethsaida, Galilea Notes Apostle of Jesus from whom he received the keys to the Kingdom of Heaven, according to Matthew 16:1819 . Executed by crucifixion upside-down; feast day (Feast of Saints Peter and Paul) 29 June, (Chair of Saint Peter) 22 February. Recognized by the Catholic Church as the first Bishop of Rome (Pope) appointed by Christ. Also revered as saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 29 June.[4] Feast day 23 September. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 7 June. Martyred; feast day 26 April. Once erroneously split into Cletus and Anacletus[5]

64/67(?) 76/79(?)

St Linus LINUS

Linus

Tuscia

76/79(?) 88/92

St Anacletus (Cletus) ANACLETUS

Anacletus

Rome

88/92 97

St Clement I CLEMENS

Clement

Rome

Feast day 23 November. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 25 November. Feast day 26 October

97/99 105/107

St Evaristus EVARISTUS

Aristus

Bethlehem, Judea

2nd century
Numerical order 6 Pontificate 105/107 115/116 Portrait Name English Regnal St Alexander I ALEXANDER Personal name Alexnder Place of birth Rome Notes Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 16 March.

115/116 125

St Sixtus I XYSTVS

Xystus

Rome

6 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 10 August.

125 136/138

St Telesphorus TELESPHORVS

Telesphorus

Terranova da Sibari, Calabria

136/138 140/142

St Hyginus YGINVS

Hyginus

Athens, Greece

Traditionally martyred; feast day 11 January Martyred by sword; feast day 11 July

10

140/142 155

St Pius I PIVS

Pius

Aquileia, Friuli

11

155166

St Anicetus ANICETVS

Anicitus

Emesa, Syria

Traditionally martyred; feast day 17 April

12

c.166 174/175

St Soter SOTERIUS

Soter

Fondi, Latium

Traditionally martyred; feast day 22 April Traditionally martyred; feast day 6 May

13

174/175 189

St Eleuterus ELEVTHERIVS

Eleuther

Nicopoli, Epirus

14

189 198/199

St Victor I VICTOR

Victor

Roman Africa

15

199217

St Zephyrinus ZEPHYRINUS

Zephyrinus

Rome

3rd century
Numerical order 16 Pontificate c.217 222/223 Portrait Name English Regnal St Callixtus I CALLISTUS Personal name Callistus Place of birth Spain Notes Martyred; feast day 14 October

17

222/223 230

St Urban I URBANUS

Urban

Rome

Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 25 May. First to abdicate office after exile to Sardinia by Emperor Maximinus Thrax. TheLiberian Cataloguerecords his death on 28 September 235, the earliest exact date in papal history. [6][7] Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 5 August.

18

21 July 230 28 September 235 (5 years+)

St Pontian PONTIANUS

Pontianus

Rome

19

21 November 235 3 January 236 (44 days)

St Anterus ANTERUS

Anterus

Petilia Policastro - Calabria

20

10 January 236 20 January 250 (14 years+) 6/11 March 251 June 253 (2 years+)

St Fabian FABIANUS

Fabianus

Rome

Feast day 20 January. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 5 August.

21

St Cornelius CORNELIUS

Cornelius

Died a martyr, through extreme hardship; feast day 16 September

22

23

24

25 June 253 5 March 254 (256 days) 12 May 254 2 August 257 (3 years+) 30/31 August 257 6 August 258 (340/341 days)

St Lucius I LUCIUS St Stephen I STEPHANUS St Sixtus II XYSTUS Secundus

Lucius

Rome

Feast day 4 March

Stephanus

Rome

Sixtus

Greece

Martyred by beheading; feast day 2 August. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with the same feast day. Martyred by beheading. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 10 August.

25

22 July 259 26 December 268 (9 years+)

St Dionysius DIONYSIUS

Dionysius

Greece

Feast day 26 December

26

5 January 269 30 December 274 (5 years+) 4 January 275 7 December 283 (8 years+) 17 December 283 22 April 296 (12 years+) 30 June 296 1 April 304 (7 years+)

St Felix I FELIX

Felix

Rome

27

St Eutychian EUTYCHIANUS

Eutychianus

28

St Caius CAIUS

Gaius

29

St Marcellinus MARCELLINUS

Marcellinus

Martyred (according to legend) Feast day 22 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 11 August. Feast day 26 April. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 7 June.

4th century
Numerical order Pontificate Portrait Name English Regnal Personal name Place of birth Notes

30

308309

St Marcellus I MARCELLUS

31

c.309 c.310

St Eusebius EUSEBIUS

32

2 July 311 10 January 314 (2 years+)

St Miltiades (Melchiades) MILTIADES

Africa

First pope after the end of the persecution of Christians through the Edict of Milan(313 AD) issued by Constantine the Great Feast day 31 December. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 2 January. First Council of Nicaea, 325. Feast day 7 October

33

31 January 314 31 December 335 (21 years+) 18 January 336 7 October 336 (263 days) 6 February 337 12 April 352 (15 years+) 17 May 352 24 September 366 (14 years+) 1 October 366 11 December 384 (18 years+) 11 December 384 26 November 399 (14 years+) 27 November 399 19 December 401 (2 years+)

St Sylvester I SILVESTER

Sant'ngelo a Scala, Avellino

34

St Mark MARCUS

Rome

35

St Julius I IULIUS

Rome

36

Liberius LIBERIUS

Earliest Pope not yet canonized by the Roman Church. Revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 27 August.[8] Idanha-a-Velha, Portugal Patron of Jerome, commissioned the Vulgate translation of the Bible. Council of Rome, 382.

37

St Damasus I DAMASUS

38

St Siricius Papa SIRICIUS

39

St Anastasius I Papa ANASTASIUS

5th century
Numerical order 40 Pontificate 22 December 401 12 March 417 (15 years+) 18 March 417 26 December 418 (1 year+) Portrait Name English Regnal St Innocent I Papa INNOCENTIUS Personal name Place of birth Notes Visigoth Sack of Rome (410) under Alaric Mesoraca Calabria

41

St Zosimus Papa ZOSIMUS

42

28/29 December 418 4 September 422 (3 years+) 10 September 422 27 July 432 (9 years+)

St Boniface I Papa BONIFACIUS

43

St Celestine I Papa COELESTINUS

Rome, Western Roman Empire

Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 8 April.

44

45

31 July 432 March/August 440 (~8 years) 29 September 440 10 November 461 (21 years+)

St Sixtus III Papa SIXTUS Tertius

St Leo I Papa LEO MAGNUS

Rome

Convinced Attila the Hun to turn back his invasion of Italy. Wrote the Tome which was instrumental in theCouncil of Chalcedon and in defining the hypostatic union. Feast day 10 November. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 18 February.

46

19 November 461 29 February 468 (6 years+) 3 March 468 10 March 483 (15 years+)

St Hilarius Papa HILARIUS

Hilarius

Sardinia

47

St Simplicius Papa SIMPLICIUS

Simplicius

Tvoli

48

13 March 483 1 March 492 (8 years+)

St Felix III (Felix II) Papa FELIX Tertius (Secundus)

Felice

Rome

Sometimes called Felix II

49

1 March 492 21 November 496 (4 years+) 24 November 496 19 November 498 (~2 years) 22 November 498 19 July 514 (15 years+)

St Gelasius I Papa GELASIUS

Gelasius

Africa

50

Anastasius II Papa ANASTASIUS Secundus

Anastasius

51

St Symmachus Papa SYMMACHUS

Smmaco

Sardinia

6th10th centuries 6th century

Numerical order 52 Pontificate 20 July 514 19 July 523 (~9 years) 13 August 523 18 May 526 (2 years+) 13 July 526 22 September 530 (4 years+) 22 September 530 17 October 532 (2 years+) 2 January 533 8 May 535 (2 years+) 13 May 535 22 April 536 (346 days) Portrait Name English Regnal St Hormisdas Papa HORMISDUS Personal name Hormisdas Place of birth Frosinone, Southern Latium Notes Father of Pope Silverius

53

St John I Papa IOANNES

Giovanni

Toscana

54

St Felix IV (Felix III) Papa FELIX Quartus (Tertius)

Felice

Samnium

Sometimes called Felix III

55

Boniface II Papa BONIFACIUS Secundus

Bonifcio

Rome to Ostrogoth parents

56

John II Papa IOHANNES Secundus

Mercrio

Rome

57

St Agapetus I Papa AGAPETUS

Agapito

Rome, Ostrogothic Kingdom

58

59

60

61

62

63

1 June 536 11 November 537 (1 year+) 29 March 537 7 June 555 (18 years+) 16 April 556 4 March 561 (~5 years) 17 July 561 13 July 574 (~13 years) 2 June 575 30 July 579 (4 years+) 26 November 579 7 February

St Silverius Papa SILVERIUS

Silverius

First pope to not use personal name. This was due to Mercury being a Roman god. Feast days 22 April 20 September. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 17 April. Exiled; feast day 20 June, son of Pope Hormisdas

Vigilius Papa VIGILIUS

Rome

Pelagius I Papa PELAGIUS

Rome

John III Papa IOANNES Tertius

Catelinus

Rome, Eastern Roman Empire

Benedict I Papa BENEDICTUS Pelagius II Papa PELAGIUS Secundus Rome

64

590 (10 years+) 3 September 590 12 March 604 (13 years+)

St Gregory I, O.S.B. (Gregory the Great) Papa GREGORIUS MAGNUS

Gregorio

Rome

First to formally employ the titles "Servus servorum Dei" and "Pontife x Maximus". Feast day 3 September. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 12 March.

7th century
Numerica l order 65 Pontificat e 13 September 604 22 February 606 (1 year+) 19 February 607 12 November 607 (267 days) 25 August 608 8 May 615 (6 years+) 19 October 615 8 November 618 (3 years+) 23 December 619 25 October 625 (5 years+) 27 October 625 12 October 638 (12 years+) October 638 2 August 640 (1 year+) 24 December 640 12 October Portrait Name English Regnal Sabinian Papa SABINIANUS Personal name Place of birth Blera Notes

66

Boniface III Papa BONIFACIUS Tertius

Bonifcio

Rome

67

St Boniface IV, O.S.B. Papa BONIFACIUS Quartus

Bonifcio

Marsi

68

St Adeodatus I (Deusdedit) Papa ADEODATUS

Rome

First Pope to bear the same name as his immediate predecessor. Member of theOrder of Saint Benedict. Sometimes called Deusdedit, as a result Pope Adeodatus II is sometimes called Pope Adeodatus without a number

69

Boniface V Papa BONIFACIUS Quintus

Bonifcio

Naples

70

70px

Honorius I Papa HONORIUS

Onrio

Campania, Byzantin e Empire

71

Severinus Papa SEVERINUS

Severino

Rome

72

John IV Papa IOANNES Quartus

Ivan

Zadar, Dalmatia, now Croatia

73

74

642 (1 year+) 24 November 642 14 May 649 (6 years+) July 649 16 September 655 (6 years+) 10 August 654 2 June 657 (2 years+) 30 July 657 27 January 672 (14 years+) 11 April 672 17 June 676 (4 years+)

Theodore I Papa THEODORUS

Palestine

St Martin I Papa MARTINUS

Martino

Near Todi, Umbria, Byzantine Empire

Feast Day 12 November. Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 14 April.

75

St Eugene I Papa EUGENIUS

Eugnio

Rome

76

St Vitalian Papa VITALIANUS

Segni, Byzantine Empire

77

Adeodatus II, O.S.B. Papa ADEODATUS Secundus

Rome, Byzantine Empire

Sometimes called Pope Adeodatus (withou t a number) in reference to Pope Adeodatus I sometimes being called Pope Deusdedit. Membe r of the Order of Saint Benedict.

78

2 November 676 11 April 678 (1 year+) 27 June 678 10 January 681 (2 years+) December 681 3 July 683 (1 year+) 26 June 684 8 May 685 (317 days) 12 July 685 2 August 686 (1 year+) 21 October 686 22 September 687 (335 days)

Donus Papa DONUS

Rome, Byzantine Empire

79

St Agatho Papa AGATHO

Sicily

Also revered as a saint in Eastern Christianity, with a feast day of 20 February. Feast day 3 July

80

St Leo II Papa LEO Secundus

Lo

Sicily

81

St Benedict II Papa BENEDICTUS Secundu s John V Papa IOANNES Quintus

Benedett o

Rome, Byzantine Empire

Feast day 7 May

82

Syria

83

Conon Papa CONON

84

15 December 687 8 September 701 (13 years+)

St Sergius I Papa SERGIUS

Sicily

8th century
Numerical order 85 Pontificat e 30 October 701 11 January 705 (3 years+) 1 March 705 18 October 707 (2 years+) 15 January 708 4 February 708 (21 days) 25 March 708 9 April 715 (7 years+) 19 May 715 11 February 731 (15 years+) 18 March 731 28 November 741 (10 years+) 3 December 741 14/22 March 752 (10 years+) 23 March 752 25 March 752 (Never took office as pope) Portrait Name English Regnal John VI Papa IOANNES Sextus Persona l name Place of birth Greece Notes

86

John VII Papa IOANNES Septimus

Rossano Calbria

Second pope to bear the same name as his immediate predecessor

87

Sisinnius Papa SISINNIUS

Syria

88

Constantine Papa CONSTANTINUS

Syria

Last pope to visit Greece while in office, until John Paul II in 2001

89

St Gregory II Papa GREGORIUS Secundu s

Gregorio

Rome, Byzantin e Empire

Feast day 11 February

90

St Gregory III Papa GREGORIUS Tertius

Syria

Third pope to bear the same name as his immediate predecessor

91

St Zachary Papa ZACHARIAS

Santa Severina Calbria

Feast day 15 March

(never consecrated )

Pope-elect Stephen Papa Electus STEPHANUS

Sometimes known as Stephen II. Died three days after his election having never received episcopal consecration. Some lists still include his name. The Vatican sanctioned his addition to the list of popes in the sixteenth century; however he was removed in 1961. He is no longer considered a pope by the Catholic Church.

92

93

94

95

26 March 752 26 April 757 (5 years+) 29 May 757 28 June 767 (10 years+) 1/7 August 767 24 January 772 (4 years+) 1 February 772 26 December 795 (23 years+) 26 December 795 12 June 816 (20 years+)

Stephen II Papa STEPHANUS Secundu s (Tertius) St Paul I Papa PAULUS Paolo Rome

Sometimes called Stephen III

Stephen III Papa STEPHANUS Tertius (Quartus)

Stefano

Sicily

Sometimes called Stephen IV

Adrian I Papa HADRIANUS

Adriano

Rome

96

St Leo III Papa LEO Tertius

Lo

Rome

Crowned Charlemagne Imperat or Augustus on Christmas Day, 800, thereby initiating what would become the office of Holy Roman Emperor requiring the imprimatur of the pope for its legitimacy

9th century
Numeric al order Pontificate Portrait Name English Regnal Personal name Place of birth Age at election / death or resigne d # year s as pope <1 Notes

97

12 June 816 24 January 817 25 January 817 11 February 824

St Stephen IV Papa STEPHANUS Quartus (Quintus) St Paschal I Papa PASCHALIS

Stephanu s Pasquale Rome

Sometimes called Stephen V

98

99

8 May 824 August 827 August 827 September 827 827 January 844

Eugene II Papa EUGENIUS Secundus Valentine Papa VALENTINUS Gregory IV Papa GREGORIUS Quartus

Eugnio

Rome

100

Valentin o Gregorio

Rome

<1

101

Rome

17

102

January 844 7 January 847

Sergius II Papa SERGIUS Secundus

Rome

103

January 847 17 July 855

St Leo IV, O.S.B. Papa LEO Quartus

Lo

Rome

Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

104

855 7 April 858

Benedict III Papa BENEDICTUS Tertius

Benedett o

Rome

105

24 April 858 13 November 867 14 December 867 14 December 872 14 December 872 16 December 882 16 December 882 15 May 884 17 May 884 c.Septem ber 885

St Nicholas I (Nicholas the Great) Papa NICOLAUS MAGNU S Adrian II Papa HADRIANUS Secund us John VIII Papa IOANNES Octavus

Niccol

Rome

106

Adriano

Rome

107

Giovanni

Rome

10

108

Marinus I Papa MARINUS St Adrian III Papa HADRIANUS Tertius

Marino

Gallese , Rome Rome

109

Adriano

110

885 14 September 891 19 September 891 4 April 896 4 April 896 19 April 896 22 May 896 August 897 August 897 November 897 December 897

Stephen V (Stephen VI) Papa STEPHANUS Quintus (Sextus) Formosus Papa FORMOSUS

Stefano

Rome

Sometimes called Stephen VI 4 Posthumously ritually executed followin g the Cadaver Synod

111

Formoso

Ostia

112

Boniface VI Papa BONIFACIUS Sextus Stephen VI (Stephen VII) Papa STEPHANUS Sextus (Septimus) Romanus Papa ROMANUS

Bonifci o Stefano

Rome

<1

113

Sometimes called Stephen VII

114

Romano

Gallese , Rome

<1

115

Theodore II Papa THEODORUS Secund us

Teodoro

Rome

<1

116

January 898 January 900 900 903

John IX, O.S.B. Papa IOANNES Nonus Benedict IV Papa BENEDICTUS Quartu s

Giovanni

Tvoli

Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

117

Benedett o

Rome

10th century
Numeric al order Pontificate Portrait Name English Regnal Personal name Place of birth Age at electio n/ death or resigne d # year s as pop e <1 Notes

118

July 903 September 903 29 January 904 14 April 911

Leo V Papa LEO Quintus Sergius III Papa SERGIUS Tertius

Lo

Ardea

119

Sergio

Rome

"Saeculum obscurum" begins

120

April 911 June 913

Anastasius III Papa ANASTASIUS Terti us Lando Papa LANDO Lando

Rome

121

July/August 913 February/Ma rch 914

Sabina

<1

122

March 914 May 928

John X Papa IOANNES Decimus

Giovanni

Romagna

14

123

May 928 December 928

Leo VI Papa LEO Sextus

Lo

Rome

<1

124

December 928 February 931 February/Ma rch 931 December 935 3 January 936 13 July 939 14 July 939 October 942

Stephen VII (Stephen VIII) Papa STEPHANUS Septi mus (Octavus) John XI Papa IOANNES Undecim us

Stefano

Rome

Sometimes called Stephen VIII

125

Giovanni

Rome

126

Leo VII, O.S.B. Papa LEO Septimus

Lo

Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Sometimes called Stephen IX

127

Stephen VIII Papa STEPHANUS Octa vus (Nonus) Marinus II Papa MARINUS Secundu s Agapetus II Papa AGAPETUS Secun dus

Stephan

Germany

128

30 October 942 May 946 10 May 946 December 955

Marino

Rome

129

Agapito

Rome

130

16 December 955 14 May 964

John XII Papa IOANNES Duodeci mus

Octavian

Rome

131

22 May 964 23 June 964

Benedict V Papa BENEDICTUS Qui ntus

Rome

<1

132

July 964 1 March 965

Leo VIII Papa LEO Octavus

Rome

<1

Deposed in 963 by Emperor Otto invalidly; end of the "Saeculum obscurum" Elected after John XII's death by the people of Rome, in opposition to the Antipope Leo VIII who was appointed by Emperor Otto; Benedict accepted his deposition in 964 leaving Leo as sole pope. Appointed antipope by Emperor Otto in 963 in opposition to John XIIand Bened ict V. He became the true Pope after Benedict V was deposed

133

134

1 October 965 6 September 972 19 January 973 June 974

John XIII Papa IOANNES Tertius Decimus Benedict VI Papa BENEDICTUS Sext us

Rome

Rome, Papal States

Deposed and murdered

135

October 974 10 July 983

Benedict VII Papa BENEDICTUS Sept imus John XIV Papa IOANNES Quartus Decimus Pitro Campano ra

Rome

136

December 983 20 August 984

Pavia

<1

137

August 985 March 996

John XV Papa IOANNES Quintus Decimus

Rome

10

138

3 May 996 18 February 999

Gregory V Papa GREGORIUS Quin tus

Bruno of Carinth ia

Germany, Hol y Roman Empire

First German Pope

139

2 April 999 12 May 1003

Sylvester II Papa SILVESTER Secun dus

Gerbert d'Aurillac

Auvergne regi on of France

First French Pope

11th15th centuries 11th century

Numeric al order 140 Pontifica te June 1003 6 Decembe r 1003 25 Decembe r 1003 July 1009 (5 years+) 31 July 1009 12 May 1012 (2 years+) 18 May 1012 9 April 1024 (11 years+) April/Ma y 1024 20 October 1032 (8 years+) 1032 1044 Portrait Name English Regnal John XVII Papa IOANNES Septimus Decimus John XVIII Papa IOANNES DuodeVice simus Personal name Siccone Place of birth Rome, Papal States Notes

141

Giovanni Fasano; Phasianus

Rapagnano, Papal States

142

Sergius IV Papa SERGIUS Quartus

Pitro Boccapcora

Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

143

Benedict VIII Papa BENEDICTUS Octav us

Theophylact us II, Conti di Tusculum

Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

144

John XIX Papa IOANNES UndeVices imus

Romanus, C onti di Tusculum

Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

145

Benedict IX Papa BENEDICTUS Nonus

Theophylact us III, Conti di Tusculum

Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

1st Term

146

1045

Sylvester III Papa SILVESTER Tertius

John, Bishop of Sabina

Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

147

1045 1046

Benedict IX Papa BENEDICTUS Nonus

Theophylact us III, Conti di Tusculum

Validity of election questioned; considered Anti-Pope; deposed at the Council of Sutri. 2nd Term; deposed at the Council of Sutri

148

149

April/Ma y 1045 20 Decembe r 1046 (1 year+) 24 Decembe r 1046 9 October 1047

Gregory VI Papa GREGORIUS Sextus,

Johannes Gratianus

Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

Deposed at the Council of Sutri

Clement II Papa CLEMENS Secundus

Suidger

Hornburg, Duchy of Saxony,Holy Roman Empire

150

(289 days) Novemb er 1047 1048

Benedict IX Papa BENEDICTUS Nonus

Theophylact us III, Conti di Tusculum

Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

3rd Term; deposed and excommunicated

151

152

17 July 1048 9 August 1048 (23 days) 12 February 1049 19 April 1054 (5 years+)

Damasus II Papa DAMASUS Secundus

Poppo

Pildenau, Duchy of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire

St Leo IX Papa LEO Nonus

Bruno, Count of Dagsbourg

Eguisheim, Swabia, Holy Roman Empire

In 1054, mutual excommunicatio ns of Leo IX and Patriarch of Constantinople Michael I Cerularius began the EastWest Schism. The anathematizations were rescinded byPope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras in 1965.[9]

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

13 April 1055 28 July 1057 (2 years+) 2 August 1057 29 March 1058 (241 days) 6 Decembe r 1058 27 July 1061 (2 years+) 30 Septemb er 1061 21 April 1073 (11 years+) 22 April 1073 25 May 1085 (12 years+) 24 May 1086 16 Septemb er 1087 (1 year+) 12 March 1088 29 July 1099 (11 years+)

Victor II Papa VICTOR Secundus

Gebhard, Co unt of Calw, Tollenstein, and Hirschberg Frdric de Lorraine

Kingdom of Germany, Holy Roman Empire

Stephen IX, O.S.B. Papa STEPHANUS Nonus (Decimus)

Duchy of Lorraine, Holy Roman Empire

Sometimes called Stephen X. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

Nicholas II Papa NICOLAUS Secundus

Grard de Bourgogne

Chteau de Chevron, Kingdom of Arles

Alexander II Papa ALEXANDER Secun dus

Anselmo da Bggio

Milan, Italy, Holy Roman Empire

St Gregory VII, O.S.B. Papa GREGORIUS Septim us

Hildebrand

Sovana, Italy, Holy Roman Empire

Bd. Victor III, O.S.B. Papa VICTOR Tertius

Desidrio; Desiderius; Dauferius

Benevnto, Duchy of Benevnto

Initiated the Gregorian Reforms. Restricted the use of title "Papa" to the Bishop of Rome. [4] Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

Bd. Urban II, O.S.B. Papa URBANUS Secundus

Odo of Lagery

Lagery, County of Champagne, France

Started the First Crusade. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

160

13 August 1099 21 January 1118 (18 years+)

Paschal II, O.S.B. Papa PASCHALIS Secundu s

Raniero

Bleda, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

12th century
Numeric al order 161 Pontificate 24 January 1118 28 January 1119 (1 year, 4 days) 2 February 1119 13 December 1124 (5 years, 315 day s) 15 December 1124 13 February 1130 (5 years, 60 days) 14 February 1130 24 September 1143 (13 years, 222 da ys) Portrait Name English Regnal Gelasius II, O.S.B. Papa GELASIUS Secundus Personal name Giovanni Coniulo Place of birth Gaeta, Principality of Capua Notes Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Opened the First Council of the Lateran in 1123 Canon Regular of S. Mara di San Reno Canon Regular of Lateran; Convened the Second Council of the Lateran, 1139

162

Callixtus II Papa CALLISTUS Secundu s Honorius II, Can.Reg. Papa HONORIUS Secundus

Guido, Comte de Bourgogne

Quingey, County of Burgundy,Holy Roman Empire Fiagnano, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

163

Lamberto Scannabecchi

164

Innocent II, Can.Reg. Papa INNOCENTIUS Secu ndus

Gregorio Papareschi

165

166

167

26 September 1143 8 March 1144 (0 years, 164 day s) 12 March 1144 15 February 1145 (0 years, 340 day s) 15 February 1145 8 July 1153 (8 years, 143 day s) 8 July 1153 3 December 1154 (1 year, 148 days ) 4 December 1154 1 September 1159 (4 years, 271 day s)

Celestine II Papa COELESTINUS Secu ndus Lucius II, Can.Reg. Papa LUCIUS Secundus

Guido

Citt di Castello, Papal States,Holy Roman Empire Bologna, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Pisa, Republic of Pisa, Holy Roman Empire Canon Regular of S. Frediano di Lucca Member of the Order of Cistercians. Announced the Second Crusade.

Gerardo Caccianemici dal Orso Bernardo da Pisa

Bd. Eugene III, O.Cist. Papa EUGENIUS Tertius

168

Anastasius IV Papa ANASTASIUS Quartu s

Corrado Demetri della Suburra

Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

169

Adrian IV, Can.Reg. Papa HADRIANUS Quartus

Nicholas Breakspear

Abbots Langley, Hertfordshire, Kingdom of England

First and only English pope; purportedly granted Ireland to Henry II, King of England. Canon Regular of St. Rufus Monastery .

170

7 September 1159 30 August 1181 (21 years, 357 da ys) 1 September 1181 25 November 1185 (4 years, 85 days) 25 November 1185 19 October 1187 (1 year, 328 days ) 21 October 1187 17 December 1187 (0 years, 57 days)

Alexander III Papa ALEXANDER Tertius

Rolando

Siena, Italy, Holy Roman Empire

Convened the Third Council of the Lateran, 1179

171

Lucius III Papa LUCIUS Tertius

Ubaldo

Lucca, Italy, Holy Roman Empire

172

Urban III Papa URBANUS Tertius

Uberto Crivlli

Cuggiono, Italy, H oly Roman Empire

173

Gregory VIII, Can.Reg. Papa GREGORIUS Octavus

Alberto di Morra

Benevnto, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

Canon Regular Premostratens e. Proposed the Third Crusade

174

175

19 December 1187 20 March 1191[10] (3 years, 91 days) 21 March 1191 8 January 1198 (6 years, 293 day s) 8 January 1198 16 July 1216 (18 years, 190 da ys)

Clement III Papa CLEMENS Tertius

Paolo Scolari

Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Gavignano, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Convened the Fourth Council of the Lateran, 1215. Initiated the Fourth Crusade. Initiated the medieval Inquisition in Spain and Portugal.

Celestine III Papa COELESTINUS Terti us Innocent III Papa INNOCENTIUS Terti us

Giacinto Bobo ne

176

Lothario dei Conti di Segni

13th century
Numeric al order 177 Pontificate 18 July 1216 18 March 1227 (10 years, 243 da ys) Portrait Name English Regnal Honorius III Papa HONORIUS Tertius Personal name Cencio Place of birth Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Notes Initiated the Fifth Crusade.

178

179

19 March 1227 22 August 1241 (14 years, 156 da ys) 25 October 1241 10 November 1241 (0 years, 16 days )

Gregory IX Papa GREGORIUS Nonu s Celestine IV Papa COELESTINUS Qu artus

Ugolino dei Conti di Segni

Anagni, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire Milan, Italy, Holy Roman Empire

Goffredo Castiglioni

Canonized Elisab eth of Hungary, 1235. Initiated the Inquisition in France. Died before coronation.

180

181

182

25 June 1243 7 December 1254 (11 years, 165 da ys) 12 December 1254 25 May 1261 (6 years, 164 day s) 29 August 1261 2 October 1264 (3 years, 34 days ) 5 February 1265 29 November 1268 (3 years, 298 day s) 29 November 1268 1 September 1271

Innocent IV Papa INNOCENTIUS Qu artus Alexander IV Papa ALEXANDER Quar tus Urban IV Papa URBANUS Quartus

Sinibaldo Fiesc hi

Genoa, Republic of Genoa, Holy Roman Empire Jenne, Papal States

Convened the First Council of Lyons, 1245

Rinaldo dei Conti di Jenne

Jacques Pantalon

Troyes, County of Champagne, France

183

Clement IV Papa CLEMENS Quartus

Gui Faucoi

Saint-Gilles, Languedoc, France

N/A

Interregnum

184

1 September 1271 10 January 1276 (4 years, 131 day s) 21 January 1276 22 June 1276 (0 years, 153 day s) 11 July 1276 18 August 1276 (0 years, 38 days ) 8 September 1276 20 May 1277 (0 years, 254 day s)

Bd. Gregory X Papa GREGORIUS Deci mus

Tebaldo Viscon ti

Piacenza, Italy, Ho ly Roman Empire

Almost 3 year period witho ut a valid pope elected. This was due to a deadlock among cardinals voting for the pope. Convened the Second Council of Lyons, 1274.

185

Bd. Innocent V, O.P. Papa INNOCENTIUS Qu intus Adrian V Papa HADRIANUS Quint us

Pierre de Tarentaise

County of Savoy, Holy Roman Empire Genoa, Republic of Genoa, Holy Roman Empire

Member of the Dominican Order.

186

Ottobuno Fies chi

187

John XXI Papa IOANNES Vicesimu s Primus

Pedro Julio (a.k.a. Petrus Hispanus and Pedro Hispano)

Lisbon, Portugal

Due to a confusion over the numbering of popes named John in the 13th century, there was no John XX. There has never been a Pope John XX, because the 20th pope of this name, formerly Petrus Hispanus, when elected Pope in 1276, decided to skip the number XX and to be counted as John XXI instead. He wanted to correct what in his time was believed to be an error in the counting of his predecessors

John XV to XIX 188 25 November 1277 22 August 1280 (2 years, 271 day s) 22 February 1281 28 March 1285 (4 years, 34 days ) 2 April 1285 3 April 1287 (2 years, 1 day) Nicholas III Papa NICOLAUS Tertius Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

189

Martin IV Papa MARTINUS Quartu s

Simon de Brion

Meinpicien, Toura ine, France

190

Honorius IV Papa HONORIUS Quartu s

Giacomo Savelli

Rome, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

191

22 February 1288 4 April 1292 (4 years, 42 days ) 4 April 1292 5 July 1294

Nicholas IV, O.F.M. Papa NICOLAUS Quartus

Girolamo Masci

Lisciano, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

Member of the Franciscan Order.

N/A

Interregnum

192

5 July 1294 13 December 1294 (0 years, 161 day s) 24 December 1294 11 October 1303 (8 years, 291 day s)

St Celestine V, O.S.B. Papa COELESTINUS Qu intus

Pitro da Morrone

Sant' ngelo Limosano, Kingdo m of Sicily

2 year period witho ut a valid pope elected. This was due to a deadlock among cardinals voting for the pope. One of the few popes who resigned. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict.

193

Boniface VIII Papa BONIFACIUS Octa vus

Benedetto Caetani

Anagni, Papal States, Holy Roman Empire

14th century
Numerica l order 194 Pontificate 22 October 1303 7 July 1304 (0 years, 259 days) Portrait Name English Regnal Bd. Benedict XI, O.P. Papa BENEDICTUS Undecimu s Personal name Niccol Boccasini Place of birth Treviso Notes Member of the Dominican Order.

195

5 June 1305 20 April 1314 (8 years, 319 days)

Clement V Papa CLEMENS Quintus

Bertrand de Got

Villandrau t, Gascony, France

N/A

20 April 1314 7 August 1316

Interregnum

Pope at Avignon. Convened the Council of Vienne, 13111312. Initiated the persecution of the Knights Templar with the Pastoralis Praeeminentiae und er pressure from King Philip IV of France. 2 year period without a valid pope elected. This was due to a deadlock among cardinals voting for

196

7 August 1316 4 December 1334 (18 years, 119 day s) 20 December 1334 25 April 1342 (7 years, 126 days)

John XXII Papa IOANNES Vicesimus Secundus

Jacques d'Euse; Jacques Duse Jacques Fournier

Cahors, Quercy, France

the pope. Pope at Avignon

197

Benedict XII, O.Cist. Papa BENEDICTUS Duodecim us

Saverdun, County of Foix, France Maumont, Limousin, France

Pope at Avignon. Member of the Order of Cistercians. Pope at Avignon

198

7 May 1342 6 December 1352 (10 years, 213 day s) 18 December 1352 12 September 1362 (9 years, 268 days) 28 September 1362 19 December 1370 (8 years, 82 days) 30 December 1370 26 March 1378 (7 years, 86 days) 8 April 1378 15 October 1389 (11 years, 190 day s)

Clement VI, O.S.B. Papa CLEMENS Sextus

Pierre Roger

199

Innocent VI Papa INNOCENTIUS Sextus

tienne Aubert

Les Monts, Limousin, France

Pope at Avignon

200

Bd. Urban V, O.S.B. Papa URBANUS Quintus

Guillaume (de) Grimoard

Grizac, Languedoc , France

Pope at Avignon. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Pope at Avignon; returns to Rome; last French Pope Western Schism

201

Gregory XI Papa GREGORIUS Undecimus

Pierre Roger de Beaufort Bartolome o Prignano

Maumont, Limousin, France Naples, Kingdom of Naples

202

Urban VI Papa URBANUS Sextus

203

2 November 1389 1 October 1404 (14 years, 334 day s)

Boniface IX Papa BONIFACIUS Nonus

Pitro Tomacelli

Naples, Kingdom of Naples

Western Schism

15th century
R This pope resigned his office. B The exact birth date of Innocent VIII and almost all popes prior to Eugene IV is unknown, therefore the lowest probable age has been assumed for this table. Numeri Pontificate Portrait Name Personal Place of birth Age at Notes cal English Regnal name start/e order nd of papac y 204 17 October Innocent VII Cosimo Sulmona, 65 / Western Schism 1404 Papa INNOCENTIUS Gentile Kingdom of 67 [B] 6 November Septimus Migliorati Naples 1406 (2 years, 20 da ys) 205 30 November Gregory XII ngelo Venice, Republ 60 / Western Schism; 1406 Papa GREGORIUS Du Correr ic of Venice 69 [R][B] abdicated during 4 July 1415 odecimus the Council of (8 years, 216 Constance, which days) had been called by his opponent John XXIII.

N/A

206

207

4 July 1415 11 November 1417 11 November 1417 20 February 1431 (13 years, 101 days) 3 March 1431 23 February 1447 (15 years, 357 days)

Interregnum

Two-year period without a valid pope elected. Oddone Colo nna Genazzano, Papal States 48 / 62 [B] Convened the Council of Basel, 1431

Martin V Papa MARTINUS Quin tus

Eugene IV, O.S.A. Papa EUGENIUS Quart us

Gabriele Condulmer

Venice, Republic of Venice

47 / 63 [B]

208

6 March 1447 24 March 1455 (8 years, 18 da ys) 8 April 1455 6 August 1458 (3 years, 120 days) 19 August 1458 15 August 1464 (5 years, 362 days) 30 August 1464 26 July 1471 (6 years, 330 days) 9 August 1471 12 August 1484 (13 years, 3 da ys)

Nicholas V Papa NICOLAUS Quin tus

Tommaso Parentucelli

Sarzana, Republic of Genoa

49 / 57

Member of the Augustinian Order. Crowned Sigismund emperor at Rome in 1433. Transferred the Council of Basel to Ferrara. It was later transferred again, to Florence, because of the Bubonic plague. Held Jubilee of 1450; crowned Frederick III emperor at Rome in 1452.

209

Callixtus III Papa CALLISTUS Tert ius

Alfonso de Borgia

Xtiva, Kingdom of Valencia, Crown of Aragon Corsignano, Re public of Siena

76 / 79

First Spanish pope

210

Pius II Papa PIUS Secundus

Enea Slvio Piccol omini

52 / 58

211

Paul II Papa PAULUS Secundu s

Pitro Barbo

Venice, Republic of Venice

47 / 54

Nephew of Eugene IV

212

Sixtus IV, O.F.M. Papa XYSTUS Quartus

Francesco de lla Rovere

Clle Lgure, Republic of Genoa

57 / 70

213

214

29 August 1484 25 July 1492 (7 years, 331 days) 11 August 1492 18 August 1503 (11 years, 7 da ys)

Innocent VIII Papa INNOCENTIUS Octavus Alexander VI Papa ALEXANDER Se xtus

Giovanni Battista Cybo

Genoa, Republic of Genoa Xtiva, Kingdom of Valencia, Crown of Aragon

51 / 59 [B]

Member of the Franciscan Order. Commissioned the Sistine Chapel. Authorized an Inquisition targeting converted (Jewish) Christians in Spain, at the request of Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand. Appointed Toms de Torquemada

Rodrigo de LanzlBorgia

61 / 72

Nephew of Callixtus III. Father to Cesare Borgia and Lucrezia Borgia. Divided the extra-European world between Spain and Portugal in 1493 by the Bull Inter caetera.

16th20th centuries

16th century
Numer ical order Pontificate Portrait Name English Regnal Personal name Place of birth Age at start/ end of papac y 64 / 64 Notes

215

216

22 September 1503 18 October 1503 (0 years, 26 d ays) 31 October 1503 21 February 1513 (9 years, 113 days)

Pius III Papa PIUS Tertius

Francesco Todeschini Picc olomini

Siena, Republic of Siena

Nephew of Pius II

Julius II Papa IULIUS Secun dus

Giuliano della Rovere

Albisola, Republic of Genoa

59 / 69

217

9 March 1513 1 December 1521 (8 years, 267 days) 9 January 1522 14 September 1523 (1 year, 248 d ays) 26 November 1523 25 September 1534 (10 years, 30 3 days)

Leo X Papa LEO Decimus

Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici

Florence, Re public of Florence

37 / 45

218

Adrian VI Papa HADRIANUS Sextus

Adriaan Floriszoon Boeyens

219

Clement VII Papa CLEMENS Se ptimus

Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici

Utrecht, Bishopric of Utrecht,Holy Roman Empire (pres ently The Netherla nds) Florence, Republic of Florence

62 / 64

Nephew of Sixtus IV; Convened the Fifth Council of the Lateran, 1512. Took effective control of the whole territory of the Papal States for the first time. Commissioned Michelan gelo to paint theSistine Chapel ceiling. Proposed plans for rebuilding of St Peter's Basilica Son of Lorenzo the Magnificent. Excommunicated Martin Luther. Extended the Spanish Inquisition into Portugal. The only Dutch pope but also known as a German Pope. Last non-Italian to be elected pope until John Paul II in 1978. The tutor of Emperor Charles V Cousin of Leo X. Rome plundered by imperial troops ("Sacco di Roma"), 1527. He forbade the divorce of Henry VIII and crowned Charles V Emperor at Bologna in 1530. His niece Catherine de' Medici was married to the future Henry II of France. Opened the Council of Trent in 1545. His illegitimate son became the first Duke of Parma.

45 / 56

220

221

13 October 1534 10 November 1549 (15 years, 28 days) 7 February 1550 29 March 1555 (5 years, 50 d ays) 9 April 1555 30 April or 1 May 1555 (0 years, 21/22 days)

Paul III Papa PAULUS Terti us

Alessandro Farn ese

Canino, Lazio, Papal States

66 / 81

Julius III Papa IULIUS Tertius

Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte

Rome, Papal States

62 / 67

222

Marcellus II Papa MARCELLUS Secundus

Marcello Cervini

Montefano, Marche, Papal States

53 / 53

Last to use birth name as regnal name

223

23 May 1555 18 August 1559 (4 years, 87 d ays) 26 December 1559 9 December 1565 (5 years, 348 days) 7 January 1566 1 May 1572 (6 years, 115 days) 13 May 1572 10 April 1585 (12 years, 33 2 days) 24 April 1585 27 August 1590 (5 years, 125 days) 15 September 1590 27 September 1590 (0 years, 12 d ays) 5 December 1590 15/16 October 1591 (0 years, 314/315 days) 29 October 1591 30 December 1591 (0 years, 62 d ays) 30 January 1592 3 March 1605 (13 years, 32 days)

Paul IV, C.R. Papa PAULUS Quart us

Giovanni Pietro Carafa

Capriglia Irpina, Campania, Kingdom of Naples Milan, Duch y of Milan

78 / 83

224

Pius IV Papa PIUS Quartus

Giovanni Angelo Medici

60 / 66

Reopened the Council of Trent, 1562, it concluded its proceedings in 1563

225

St Pius V, O.P. Papa PIUS Quintus

Michele Ghislieri

Bosco, Duchy of Milan

61 / 68

Member of the Dominican Order. Excommunicated Elizabe th I of England, 1570. Victory of Lepanto 1571 Reform of the calendar 1582

226

Gregory XIII Papa GREGORIUS Tertius Decimus Sixtus V, O.F.M. Conv. Papa XYSTUS Quint us Urban VII Papa URBANUS Sep timus

Ugo Boncompagni

Bologna, Papal States

70 / 83

227

Felice Peretti

Grottammar e, Marche, Papal States

63 / 68

Member of the Conventual Franciscan Order.

228

Giovanni Battista Castagna

Rome, Papal States

69 / 69

Shortest-reigning pope; died before coronation.

229

Gregory XIV Papa GREGORIUS Quartus Decimus

Niccol Sfondrati

Somma Lombardo, Duchy of Milan

55 / 56

230

Innocent IX Papa INNOCENTIU S Nonus

Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti

Bologna, Papal States

72 / 72

231

Clement VIII Papa CLEMENS Oc tavus

Ippolito Aldobrandini

Fano, Marche, Papal States

55 / 69

Convened the Congregatio de Auxiliis which addressed doctrinal disputes between the Dominicans and Jesui ts regarding free will and divine grace.[11]

17th century
Numeri cal order 232 Pontificate Portrait Name English Regnal Personal name Place of birth Age at start/e nd of papac y 69 / 69 Notes

1 April 1605 27 April 1605 (0 years, 26 day s)

Leo XI Papa LEO Undecimus

Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici

Florence, Du chy of Florence

Nephew of Leo X.

233

16 May 1605 28 January 1621 (15 years, 257 d ays) 9 February 1621 8 July 1623 (2 years, 149 da ys) 6 August 1623 29 July 1644 (20 years, 358 d ays) 15 September 1644 7 January 1655 (10 years, 114 d ays) 7 April 1655 22 May 1667 (12 years, 45 da ys) 20 June 1667 9 December 1669 (2 years, 172 da ys) 29 April 1670 22 July 1676 (6 years, 84 day s) 21 September 1676 11/12 August 1689 (12 years, 324/325 days)

Paul V Papa PAULUS Quintus

Camillo Borg hese

Rome, Papal States

52 / 68

234

Gregory XV Papa GREGORIUS Quintu s Decimus

Alessandro Ludovisi

Bologna, Papal States

67 / 69

Known for building projects, including the facade of St Peter's Basilica. Established the Congregatio n for the Propagation of the Faith, 1622. Trial against Galileo Galilei

235

Urban VIII Papa URBANUS Octavus

Maffeo Barbe rini

Florence, Gr and Duchy of Tuscany

55 / 76

236

Innocent X Papa INNOCENTIUS Deci mus

Giovanni Battista Pamp hilj

Rome, Papal States

70 / 80

Great-greatgreat-grandson of Alexander VI. Great-nephew of Paul V. Commissioned St. Peter's Square. Commissioned the colonnade o f St. Peter's Square. Canonized the first American saint, Saint Rose of Lima, 1671. Suspected to have secretly funded William III of Orange's Glorio us Revolution to overthrow the Catholic James II of England.

237

Alexander VII Papa ALEXANDER Septi mus

Fabio Chigi

Siena, Grand Duchy of Tuscany

56 / 68

238

Clement IX Papa CLEMENS Nonus

Giulio Rospigliosi

Pistoia, Grand Duchy of Tuscany Rome, Papal States

67 / 69

239

Clement X Papa CLEMENS Decimus

Emilio Altieri

79 / 86

240

Bd. Innocent XI Papa INNOCENTIUS Und ecimus

Benedetto Odescalchi

Como, Duchy of Milan

65 / 78

241

6 October 1689 1 February 1691 (1 year, 118 da ys) 12 July 1691 27 September 1700 (9 years, 77 day s) 23 November 1700 19 March 1721 (20 years, 116 d ays)

Alexander VIII Papa ALEXANDER Octav us

Pitro Vito Ottoboni

Venice, Republic of Venice

79 / 80

242

Innocent XII Papa INNOCENTIUS Duo decimus

Antonio Pignatelli

Spinazzola, Kingdom of Naples

76 / 85

Issued Romanu m decet Pontificem, 1692. Chinese Rites controversy

243

Clement XI Papa CLEMENS Undecimu s

Giovanni Francesco Albani

Urbino, Marche, Papal States

51 / 71

18th century
Numeri cal Pontificate Portrait Name English Regnal Personal name Place of birth Age at start/e Notes

order 244 8 May 1721 7 March 1724 (2 years, 304 da ys) Innocent XIII Papa INNOCENTIUS T ertius Decimus Michelngelo de Conti Poli, Lzio, Papal States

nd of papacy 65 / 68

245

29 May 1724 21 February 1730 (5 years, 268 da ys) 12 July 1730 6 February 1740 (9 years, 209 da ys)

Benedict XIII, O.P. Papa BENEDICTUS Te rtius Decimus

Pierfrancesco Or sini

Gravina in Puglia, Kingdo m of Naples Florenc e, Grand Duchy of Tuscany Bologna , Papal States

75 / 81

Member of the Dominican Order. Third and last member of the Orsini family to be Pope. Completed the new faade of the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran, 1735. Commissioned the Trevi Fountain, 1732.

246

Clement XII Papa CLEMENS Duode cimus

Lorenzo Corsini

78 / 87

247

17 August 1740 3 May 1758 (17 years, 259 d ays) 6 July 1758 2 February 1769 (10 years, 211 d ays)

Benedict XIV Papa BENEDICTUS Qu artus Decimus

Prspero Lorenzo Lambertini

65 / 83

248

Clement XIII Papa CLEMENS Tertius Decimus

Carlo della Torre Rezzonico

Venice, Republi c of Venice

65 / 75

249

19 May 1769 22 September 1774 (5 years, 126 da ys) 15 February 1775 29 August 1799 (24 years, 195 d ays) 14 March 1800 20 August 1823 (23 years, 159 d ays)

Clement XIV, O.F.M. Conv. Papa CLEMENS Quartu s Decimus Pius VI Papa PIUS Sextus

Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli Count Giovanni ngelo Braschi

250

Sant' Arcnge lo di Romagn a, Papal States Cesena, Papal States

63 / 68

Provided the famous fig leaves on male statues in the Vatican. Defended the Society of Jesus in Apostolicu m pascendi, 1765. Member of the Conventual Franciscan Order. Suppressed the Jesuit Order. Condemned the French Revolution and was expelled from the Papal States by French troops from 1798 until his death. Member of the Order of Saint Benedict. Present at Napoleon'scoron ation as Emperor of the French. Temporarily expelled from the Papal States by the French between 1809 and 1814.

57 / 81

251

Pius VII, O.S.B. Papa PIUS Septimus

Count Barnaba Niccol Mara Luigi Chiaramonti

Cesena, Papal States

57 / 81

19th century
Numeric al order Pontificate Portrait Name English Regnal Personal name Place of birth Age at start/en d of papacy Notes

252

28 September 1823 10 February 1829 (5 years, 135 days )

Leo XII Papa LEO Duodecimus

253

31 March 1829 1 December 1830 (1 year, 245 days)

Pius VIII Papa PIUS Octavus

Count Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga Francesco Saverio Castiglion i

Genga or Spoleto, Papal States

63 / 68

Placed the Catholic educational system under the control of the Jesuits through Quod divina sapientia, 1824. Accepted Louis Philippe I as King of the French.

Cingoli, Marche, Papal States

67 / 69

254

2 February 1831 1 June 1846 (15 years, 119 day s) 16 June 1846 7 February 1878 (31 years, 236 day s)

Gregory XVI, O.S.B. Cam. Papa GREGORIUS Sex tus Decimus Bd. Pius IX, O.F.S. Papa PIUS Nonus

Bartolome o Alberto Cappellari

Belluno, Republic of Venice

65 / 80

Member of the Camaldolese Order. The last non-bishop to be elected Opened First Vatican Council; lost the Papal States to Italy. Longest serving pope in history (see note on St Peter.) Issued the encyclical on social teaching, Rerum Novarum (On Capital and Labor) and supported Christi an democracy as against communism; the third-longest reigning pope after Pius IX and John Paul II.

255

Count Giovanni Mara MastaiFerretti

Senigallia, Marche, Papal States

54 / 85

256

20 February 1878 20 July 1903 (25 years, 150 day s)

Leo XIII, O.F.S. Papa LEO Tertius Decimus

Gioacchin o Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci

Carpineto Romano, Rome dpartemen t, French Empire (now Italy)

67 / 93

20th century
Numeri cal order 257 Pontificate Portrait Name English Regnal St Pius X Papa PIUS Decimus Persona l name Giusepp e Melchio rre Sarto Place of birth Riese, LombardyVenetia, Austrian Empire Genoa, Kingdom of Sardinia Age at start/e nd of papacy 68 / 79 Notes

4 August 1903 20 August 1914 (11 years, 16 da ys) 3 September 1914 22 January 1922 (7 years, 141 da ys) 6 February 1922 10 February 1939 (17 years, 4 day s)

Encouraged and expanded reception of Holy Communion, and combatted Modernistic theology. Most recent pope to be canonized. Credited for intervening for peace during World War I. Remembered by Pope Benedict XVI as "prophet of peace". Signed the Lateran Treaty with Italy, establishing the Vatican City as a sovereign state.

258

Benedict XV Papa BENEDICTUS Q uintus Decimus

Giacom o Paolo Giovann i Battista della Chisa Achille Ambrogi o Damian o Ratti

59 / 67

259

Pius XI Papa PIUS Undecimus

Desio, LombardyVenetia, Austrian Empire

64 / 81

260

2 March 1939 9 October 1958 (19 years, 221 d ays) 28 October 1958 3 June 1963 (4 years, 218 da ys) 21 June 1963 6 August 1978 (15 years, 46 da ys) 26 August 1978 28 September 1978 (0 years, 33 day s)

Ven. Pius XII Papa PIUS Duodecimus

261

Bd. John XXIII Papa IOANNES Vicesi mus Tertius

Eugenio Mara Giusepp e Giovann i Pacelli ngelo Giusepp e Roncalli Giovann i Battista Enrico Antonio Mara Montini Albino Luciani

Rome

63 / 82

Invoked papal infallibility in encyclical Munificentis simus Deus. Opened Second Vatican Council; sometimes called "Good Pope John". The last pope to be crowned with the Papal Tiara. First pope to travel to the United States. Concluded Second Vatican Council. First pope to use 'the First' in regnal name. First pope with two names, for his two immediate predecessors. Died early into a charismatic reign. First Polish pope and first non-Italian pope in 455 years. Canonized more saints than all predecessors. Traveled extensively. Second longest known reign after Pius IX (1846 1878; see note on St Peter); recently beatified by Pope Benedict XVI.

Sotto il Monte, Berga mo

76 / 81

262

Servant of God Paul VI Papa PAULUS Sextus

Concesio, Brescia, Italy

65 / 80

263

Servant of God John Paul I Papa IOANNES PAULUS Primus

Forno di Canale, Veneto, Italy

65 / 65

264

16 October 1978 2 April 2005 (26 years, 168 d ays)

Bd. John Paul II Papa IOANNES PAULUS Secundus

Karol Jzef Wojtya

Wadowice, Poland

58 / 84

21st century
Numerica l order 265 Pontificate Portrait Name English Regnal Benedict XVI Papa BENEDICTUS Sextu s Decimus Personal name Joseph Alois Ratzinge r Place of birth Marktl am Inn, Bavaria, German y Age at start/en d of papacy 78 / Notes

19 April 2005 present (7 years, 187 days )

First German pope since Germanic Pope Adrian VI. Oldest to become pope since Pope Clement XII in 1730. Renounced title ofPatriarch of the West. Elevated the Tridentine Mass to a more prominent position.

Religious orders 34 popes have been members of religious orders. These have included: Benedictines (17): Gregory I, Boniface IV, Adeodatus II, Leo IV, John IX, Leo VII, Stephen IX, Gregory VII, Victor III, Urban II, Paschal II, Gelasius II, Celestine V, Clement VI, Urban V, Pius VII and including Camaldolese (1): Gregory XVI and Pius IX Augustinians (6):-

Eugene IV and including Canons Regular (5): Honorius II, Innocent II, Lucius II, Gregory VIII, Adrian IV Dominicans (4): Innocent V, Benedict XI, Pius V, Benedict XIII Franciscans (4): Nicholas IV, Sixtus IV and including Conventual Franciscans (2): Sixtus V, Clement XIV Cistercians (2): Eugene III, Benedict XII

Notes on numbering of popes A number of anomalies in the list given above need further explanation: Felix II (356357), Boniface VII (974, 984985), John XVI (997998), Benedict X (10581059) and Alexander V (14091410) are not listed because all of them are considered antipopes.[12] The numbering of popes named Felix has been amended to omit antipope Felix II; however, most lists still call the last two Felixes Felix III and Felix IV. Additionally, there was an antipope Felix V.[12] There has never been a pope John XX as a result of confusion of the numbering system in the 11th century.[13] Pope-elect Stephen, who died before being consecrated, has not been on the Vatican's official list of popes since 1961, but appears on lists dating from before 1960.[13] The numbering of following popes called Stephen are nowadays given as Pope Stephen II (752757) to Pope Stephen IX (10571058), rather than Stephen III to Stephen X. When Simon de Brion became pope in 1281, he chose to be called Martin. At that time, Marinus I and Marinus II were mistakenly considered to be Martin II and Martin III respectively, and so, erroneously, Simon de Brion became Pope Martin IV.[14] Pope Donus II, said to have reigned about 974, never existed. The belief resulted from the confusion of the title dominus (lord) with a proper name. Pope Joan also probably never existed; however, legends about her may have originated from stories about the pornocracy.[15] The status of Antipope John XXIII was uncertain for hundreds of years, and was finally settled in 1958 when Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli announced his own name as John XXIII. Baldassare Cossa, who was Antipope John XXIII, served as a Cardinal of the reunited church before his death in 1419 and his remains are found in the Battistero di San Giovanni (Florence).