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Basis For Ayurvedic Philosophy

Concept of Tri-Dosha
In Ayurvedic philosophy, the five elements combine in pairs to form three dynamic forces or interactions called doshas. Dosha means "that which changes." It is a word derived from the root dus, which is equivalent to the English prefix 'dys', such as in dysfunction, dystrophy, etc. In this sense, dosha can be regarded as a fault, mistake, error, or a transgression against the cosmic rhythm. The doshas are constantly moving in dynamic balance, one with the others. Doshas are required for the life to happen. In Ayurveda, dosha is also known as the governing principles as every living thing in nature is characterized by the dosha. The three active doshas are called Vata, Pitta and Kapha.

Dosha Related Elements Vata Air and Ether Pitta Fire and Water Kapha Water and Earth

Vata is a force conceptually made up of elements ether and air. The proportions of ether and air determine how
active Vata is. The amount of ether (space) affects the ability of the air to gain momentum. If unrestricted, as in ocean, air can gain momentum and become forceful such as a hurricane. Vata means "wind, to move, flow, direct the processes of, or command." Vata enables the other two doshas to be expressive. The actions of Vata are drying, cooling, light, agitating, and moving. Vata governs breathing, blinking of the eyelids, movements in the muscles and tissues, pulsations in the heart, all expansion and contraction, the movements of cytoplasm and the cell membranes, and the movement of the single impulses in nerve cells. Vata also governs such feelings and emotions as freshness, nervousness, fear, anxiety, pain, tremors, and spasms. The primary seat or location of the Vata in the body is the colon. It also resides in the hips, thighs, ears, bones, large intestine, pelvic cavity, and skin. It is related to the touch sensation. If the body develops an excess of vata, it will accumulate in these areas.

CHARACTERISTICS OF VATA TYPES

Here are some of the common characteristics of people who have a predominantly Vata constitution.

Creativity, mental quickness Highly imaginative m Quick to learn and grasp new knowledge, but also quick to forget Sexually easily excitable but quickly satiated Slenderness; lightest of the three body types ffi Talk and walk quickly ffi Tendency toward cold hands and feet, discomfort in cold climates

Excitable, lively, fun personality m Changeable moods

Irregular daily routine m Variable appetite and digestive efficiency High energy in short bursts; tendency to tire easily and to overexert

Full of joy and enthusiasm when in balance Respond to stress with fear, worry, and anxiety, especially when out of balance Tendency to act on impulse Often have racing, disjointed thoughts m Generally have dry skin and dry hair and don't perspire much Typical health problems include headaches, hypertension, dry coughs, sore throats, earaches, anxiety, irregular heart rhythms, muscle spasms, lower back pain, constipation, abdominal gas, diarrhea, nervous stomach, menstrual cramps, premature ejaculation and other sexual dys-functions, arthritis. Most neurological disorders are related to Vata imbalance. Physical Features People of vata constitution are generally physically underdeveloped. Their chests are flat and their veins and muscle tendons are visible. The complexion is brown, the skin is cold, rough, dry and cracked. Vata people generally are either too tall or too short, with thin frames which reveal prominent joints and bone-ends because of poor muscle development. The hair is curly and scanty, the eyelashes are thin and the eyes lusterless. The eyes may be sunken, small, dry, and active. The nails are rough and brittle. The shape of the nose is bent and turned-up. Physiologically, the appetite and digestion are variable. Vata people loves sweet, sour and salty tastes and like hot drinks. The production of urine is scanty and the feces are dry, hard and small in quantity. They have a tendency to

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perspire less than other constitutional types. Their sleep may be disturbed and they will sleep less than the other types. Their hands and feet are often cold. Psychologically, they are characterized by short memory but quick mental understanding. They will understand something immediately, but will soon forget it. They have little willpower, tend toward mental instability and possess little tolerance, confidence or boldness. Their reasoning power is weak and these people are nervous, fearful and afflicted by much anxiety. Vata people tend to earn money quickly and also to spend it quickly. Thus, they tend to remain poor. Indications of balanced vata influences are mental alertness and abundance of creative energy, good elimination of waste matters from the body, sound sleep, a strong immune system, enthusiasm, emotional balance, and orderly functioning of the body's systems.

Signs of Vata Dosha Imbalance:

There are a number of tell tale signs of dosha imbalance. Some persons will get very angry. Some get depressed, etc. Here is a summary of the signs of vata imbalance:

ffl

Worried Tired, yet can't relax, Fatigue, poor stamina m Nervous, Can't concentrate m Anxious, fearful m Agitated mind Impatient, Antsy or hyperactive ffi Spaced out

U U

Self-defeating

Shy, insecure, Restless Cannot make decisions m Weight loss, under weight

Insomnia; wake up at night and can't go back to sleep Generalized aches, sharp pains, Arthritis, stiff and painful joints m Agitated movement Very sensitive to cold Nail biting

Rough, flaky skin, Chapped lips Fainting spells Heart palpitations

Constipation, Intestinal bloating, gas, Belching, hiccups Dry, sore throat, Dry

eyes

In summary, if you are suffering from anxiety, worry, a tendency to overexertion, insomnia, chronic tiredness, mental and emotional depression, physical tension and other symptoms of stress, a weakened immune system, headaches, underweight, constipation, skin dryness, mental confusion, emotional conflict, inability to make decisions, impulsiveness, fast and disconnected speech, fantasy, illusions, and sensations of being lighthearted and removed from thoughts, feelings, or circumstances, then there is a very good sign that your vata is aggravated. Follow the dietary guidelines given to balance vata dosha.

m
Warm milk is good. You can add a little sugar or honey to it if you prefer. Avoid eating candies as it disturbs vata. Prefer salted nuts that are heavy and oily as opposed to dry salty snacks. ffi All sweet fruits are Ok for vata. Avoid unripe fruits as they are astringent H Take warm or hot water instead of ice water and drinks. Summary: Breakfast is usually desirable. Hot foods and sweet and sour tastes. Reduce dry foods and bitter tastes. Warm or hot water and drinks. Raw nuts and nut butters. Spices: cinnamon, cardamom, cumin, ginger, cloves in moderation.

General Tips on Health and Wellness For Vata Types

The Vatas find it very difficult to maintain regular habits, that is, to eat and sleep at regular times. But this is the most important thing for them to do. When Vata is out of balance this may feel almost impossible, but an effort to establish a regular routine is very important for all people with a Vata body type. Rest sufficiently, and choose foods, behaviors, personal relationships, and environmental circumstances which can be instrumental in balancing vata characteristics. It is also important to regulate mental and physical impulses and to modify mental attitudes, emotional states, and behaviors in supportive ways. Sweet, sour, and salty tastes decrease vata influences, so include these tastes if vata influences need to be diminished. Milk, wheat, rice, and some fruits and berries can provide sweet and sour tastes. Regular exercise should be relaxed and moderate. Hatha yoga practice in a meditative mood is good, as are t'ai chi, walking, and swimming. Avoid strenuous, competitive, frantic activities. When possible, associate with people who are calmly purposeful. Meditate every day for deep relaxation. Indications of balanced vata influences are mental alertness and abundance of creative energy, good elimination of waste matters from the body, sound sleep, a strong immune system, enthusiasm, emotional balance, and orderly functioning of the body's systems.

A Food Plan to Balance Vata Dosha

These guidelines can be used for vata mind-body constitutions, to maintain dosha balance, and to restore balance if necessary, regardless of the basic constitution. Vata influences the movement of thoughts, feelings, prana flows, nerve impulses, and fluids in the body.

Favor:
m Warm food, moderately heavy textures, added butter and fat.

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m Salt, sour, and sweet tastes; Soothing and satisfying foods. All soothing foods are good for settling disturbed Vata. Use foods such as: warm milk, cream, butter, warm soups, stews, hot cereals, fresh baked bread. Since vata is a cold dry dosha, warm, nourishing foods such as these are good for stabilizing vata. On the other hand cold foods such as cold salads, iced drinks, raw vegetables and greens are not very good for persons with vata imbalance.

Breakfast is highly recommended. Use hot cereals such as cream of rice or wheat or any other breakfast that is warm, milky, and sweet. m Take a hot or herbal tea with snacks in the late afternoon. Avoid drinks with high caffeine as vata gets disturbed by it.

Use spicy foods such as spicy Mexican or Indian foods that are cooked in oil. Use warm moist foods such as cooked grains and cereals, bowl of hot oatmeal or cup of steaming vegetable soup.

Warm milk is good. You can add a little sugar or honey to it if you prefer. Avoid eating candies as it disturbs vata.

Prefer salted nuts that are heavy and oily as opposed to dry salty snacks. m All sweet fruits are Ok for vata. Avoid unripe fruits as they are astringent Take warm or hot water instead of ice water and drinks. Summary: Breakfast is usually desirable. Hot foods and sweet and sour tastes. Reduce dry foods and bitter tastes. Warm or hot water and drinks. Raw nuts and nut butters. Spices: cinnamon, cardamom, cumin, ginger, cloves in moderation.

Food Classified By Group

Vegetables | Fruits | Grains | Dairy | Meat | Beans | Oils | Sweeteners | Nuts and Seeds | Herbs and Spices Favor Reduce or Avoid cooked vegetables asparagus beets carrots cucumber garlic green beans onions, cooked onions, cooked sweet potato radishes turnips leafy greens in moderation broccoli Brussels sprouts cabbage cauliflower celery

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eggplant leafy green vegetables mushrooms peas peppers potatoes sprouts tomatoes zucchini Note: The above vegetables are OK if cooked with oil except cabbage and sprouts Avoid raw vegetables, in general

Favor Reduce or Avoid sweet fruits apricots avocados bananas berries cherries coconut fresh figs grapefruit lemons grapes mangos sweet melons sour oranges papaya pineapple peaches plums sour fruits Stewed fruits Sweet, well-ripened fruit in general apples cranberries pears pomegranates The above fruits are OK cooked Avoid dried fruits, in general and unripe fruit (especially bananas)

Favor Reduce or Avoid oats(as cooked oatmeal cereal, not dry) cooked rice wheat barley buckwheat corn dry oats millet

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rye

Favor Reduce or Avoid All Dairy is acceptable Favor Reduce or Avoid chicken seafood, in general turkey All in small quantity Avoid red meat

Favor Reduce or Avoid chickpeas mung beans pink lentils tofu (small amounts) All, except as noted.

Favor Reduce or Avoid All oils are acceptable Sesame oil and olive oil are especially good.

Favor Reduce or Avoid All sweeteners are acceptable

Favor Reduce or Avoid All are acceptable in small amounts. Almonds are best. Favor Reduce or Avoid

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Almost all, in moderation, with emphasis on sweet and/or heating herbs and spices, such as: allspice anise asafoetida basil bay leaf black pepper (use sparingly) caraway cardamom cilantro (green coriander) cinnamon clove cumin fennel ginger juniper berries licorice root mace marjoram mustard nutmeg oregano sage tarragon thyme Avoid using spices in large quantities. Minimize or avoid all bitter and astringent herbs and spices such as: coriander seed fenugreek parsley saffron turmeric

If your basic constitution is mixed (vata-pitta or vata-kapha), include portions for the second influential dosha. Vata dosha is aggravated and increased during autumn and early winter. During these seasons all mind- body types can include some of the above foods and decrease others. Mental and emotional peace and constructive lifestyle routines are important to restoring and maintaining balance.

General Tips on Health and Wellness For Vata Types

The Vatas find it very difficult to maintain regular habits, that is, to eat and sleep at regular times. But this is the most important thing for them to do. When Vata is out of balance this may feel almost impossible, but an effort to establish a regular routine is very important for all people with a Vata body type. Rest sufficiently, and choose foods, behaviors, personal relationships, and environmental circumstances which can be instrumental in balancing vata characteristics. It is also important to regulate mental and physical impulses and to modify mental attitudes, emotional states, and behaviors in supportive ways. Sweet, sour, and salty tastes decrease vata influences, so include these tastes if vata influences need to be diminished. Milk, wheat, rice, and some fruits and berries can provide sweet and sour tastes. Regular exercise should be relaxed and moderate. Hatha yoga practice in a meditative mood is good, as are t'ai chi, walking, and swimming. Avoid strenuous, competitive, frantic activities. When possible, associate with people who are calmly purposeful. Meditate every day for deep relaxation. Indications of balanced vata influences are mental alertness and abundance of creative energy, good elimination of waste matters from the body, sound sleep, a strong immune system, enthusiasm, emotional balance, and orderly functioning of the body's systems.

Effect of Constitution Type On Body or Microcosm

Vata Function of the Dosha (or controls) Movement Breathing Natural Urges Transformation of the tissues Motor functions m Sensory functions Pitta Kapha

u u u

Ungroundedness

Secretions

Excretions Fear

Emptiness

U U

Anxiety Thoughts

Life force m Nerve impulses

u u u

Body heat

Temperature

Digestion Perception

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u
Understanding

Hunger

Thirst Intelligence Anger m Hate

Jealousy H Stability Energy IS Lubrication m Forgiveness Greed

u u u u

Attachment

Accumulation

Holding

Possessiveness

Manifests in living things The movement of:: as nerve impulses Cells which make up our organs and fluids which nourish and protect them.

air blood food waste

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thought

The quality of transformation. Pitta controls the enzymes that digest our food and the hormones that regulate our metabolism. Pitta transforms the chemical/electrical impulses in our mind to thoughts we can understand. Characteristics cold light IS irregular mobile rarefied dry rough hot m light m fluid

u
subtle sharp

malodorous soft clear

oily cold heavy stable dense smooth

Too much of the dosha force can result in

nerve irritation high blood pressure gas confusion ulcers hormonal imbalance irritated skin (acne) consuming emotions (anger) Mucous build-up in the sinus and nasal passages, the lungs and colon.

In the mind it creates rigidity, a fixation of thought, inflexibility.

Too little dosha force can result in

nerve loss

congestion

constipation

U U

thoughtlessness indigestion

u u

inability to understand

sluggish metabolism Experiences a dry respiratory tract burning stomach (due to lack of mucous, which protects from excess stomach acids) Where found in a plant inability to concentrate

Climatic influences

flowers and leaves (the parts which reach farthest into air and space)

Dry climates or cold autumn winds increases Vata Plant's essential oils, resins and sap

Hot summers or hot climates will increase Pitta Roots (The roots are where water is stored. Roots also stay within the earth.)

Wet winters and damp climate add to Kapha.

Predominant during the life stage of Old age As we get older, we "shrink and dry out". Teen and Adult. During this stage, our hormone changes transforms us into adults Childhood years. During this period, we grow or increase in substance of the body.

Pitta is a force created by the dynamic interplay of water and fire. These forces represent transformation. They
cannot change into each other, but they modulate or control each other and are vitally required for the life processes to occur. (For example, too much fire and too little water will result in the boiling away of the water. Too much water will result in the fire being put out.) Pitta governs digestion, absorption, assimilation, nutrition, metabolism, body temperature, skin coloration, the luster of the eyes, intelligence, and understanding. Psychologically, pitta arouses anger, hate, and jealousy. The small intestine, stomach, sweat glands, blood, fat, eyes, and skin are the seats of Pitta. The effect of Pitta on our body or microcosm is shown in the table below. CHARACTERISTICS

OF PITTA

TYPE
Here are some of the common characteristics of people who have a predominantly Pitta body type. Medium physique, strong, well-built Sharp mind, good concentration powers Orderly, focused Assertive, self-confident, and entrepreneurial at their best; aggressive, demanding, pushy when out of balance Competitive, enjoy challenges Passionate and romantic; sexually have more vigor and endurance than Vatas, but less than Kaphas Strong digestion, strong appetite; get irritated if they have to miss or wait for a meal Like to be in command When under stress, Pittas become irritated and angry Skin fair or reddish, often with freckles; sunburns easily Hair usually fine and straight, tending toward blond or red, typically turns gray early; tendency toward baldness or thinning hair Uncomfortable in sun or hot weather; heat makes them very tired Perspire a lot Others may find them stubborn, pushy, opinionated Good public speakers; also capable of sharp, sarcastic, cutting speech Generally good management and leadership ability, but can become authoritarian Like to spend money, surround themselves with beautiful objects Subject to temper tantrums, impatience, and anger Typical physical problems include rashes or inflammations of the skin, acne, boils, skin cancer, ulcers, heartburn, acid stomach, hot sensations in the stomach or intestines, insomnia, bloodshot or burning eyes and other vision problems, anemia, jaundice.

Physical Features
These people are of medium height, are slender and body frame may be delicate. Their chests are not as flat as those of vata people and they show a medium prominence of veins and muscle tendons. The bones are not as prominent as in the vata individual. Muscle development is moderate. The pitta complexion may be coppery, yellowish, reddish or fair. The skin is soft, warm and less wrinkled than vata skin. The hair is thin, silky, red or brownish and there is a tendency toward premature graying of hair and hair loss. The eyes may be gray, green or cooper-brown and sharp: the eyeballs will be of medium prominence. The nails are soft. The shape of the nose is sharp and the tip tends to be reddish. Physiologically, these people have a strong metabolism, good digestion and resulting strong appetites. The person of pitta constitution usually takes large quantities of food and liquid. Pitta types have a natural craving for sweet, bitter and astringent tastes and enjoy cold drinks. Their sleep is of medium duration but uninterrupted. They produce a large volume of urine and the feces are yellowish, liquid, soft and plentiful. There is a tendency toward excessive perspiring. The body temperature may run slightly high and hands and feet will tend to be warm. Pitta people do not tolerate sunlight, heat or hard work well. Psychologically, pitta people have a good power of comprehension; they are very intelligent and sharp and tend to be good orators. They have emotional tendencies toward hate, anger and jealousy. They are ambitious people who generally like to be leaders. Pitta people appreciate material prosperity and they tend to be moderately well-off financially. They enjoy exhibiting their wealth and luxurious possessions.

Signs of Pitta Aggravation

Angry, Irritable Hostile, Enraged, Destructive Impatient Critical of self and others Argumentative, Aggressive Bossy, controlling Frustrated, Willful, Reckless Acidity, heartburn, Stomach ulcer Fitful sleep, Disturbing dreams Diarrhea, Food allergies Bad breath, Sour body

odor Very sensitive to heat, Hot flashes Skin rashes Boils Bloodshot eyes Acne Weakness due to low blood sugar Fevers, Night sweats

When you experience symptoms such as, excessive body heat, digestive problems, a tendency to be hostile or angry and controlling, impatience, a tendency to exert excessive effort to achieve goals, vision difficulties, and being prone to make errors in judgment because of mental confusion or because passion or emotion blurs powers of intellectual discernment, there is a good possibility that you are suffering from pitta imbalance. Indications of balanced pitta influences are strong powers of digestion, vitality, goal-setting inclinations, good problem-solving skills, keen powers of intelligence, decisiveness, boldness and courage, and a bright complexion.

General Tips on Health and Wellness For Pitta Persons

Pitta constitutions will be upset by alcohol and cigarettes, as well as by overwork, overexertion, and overheating. When out of balance, they are susceptible to feeling such negative emotions as hostility, hatred, intolerance, and jealousy. Therefore it is very important for Pittas to keep cool (literally and figuratively) and to lead a pure and moderate lifestyle. Choose foods, attitudes, behaviors, personal relationships, and environmental circumstances which can be instrumental in balancing pitta characteristics. Because sweet, bitter, and astringent tastes decrease pitta influences, include these in your food plan if pitta characteristics are too pronounced. Complex carbohydrates, milk, and some fruits are sweet; some green, leafy vegetables are bitter; beans and some green vegetables are astringent. Do things that cool the mind, emotions, and body. Avoid conflicts. Cultivate the virtues of honesty, morality, kindness, generosity, and self-control.

A Food Plan to Balance Pitta Dosha

These guidelines can be used for pitta mind-body constitutions, to maintain dosha balance and to restore balance if necessary regardless of the basic constitution. Pitta influences digestion and metabolism, body temperature,

and biological transformations.

Favor
Cool or warm but not steaming hot foods Bitter, sweet, and astringent tastes As far as practical use less butter and added fat. Consume food with moderately heavy textures. Since Pittas have strong efficient digestion, they can generally eat just about everything. Most Pittas get into trouble by continued use of too much salt, overuse of sour and spicy food and overeating. Take cool, refreshing food in summer. Reduce the consumption of salt, oil, and spices, all of which are "heating" to the body. Salads are good, so is milk and ice cream. Avoid pickles, yogurt, sour cream, and cheese. Avoid vinegar in salad dressing; use lemon juice instead. Alcoholic and fermented foods should be avoided. Their sour Rasa aggravates Pitta. Coffee is also pitta aggravating due to the acid in coffee. Herb tea is good. Prefer mint, licorice root or other pitta pacifying tea. Breakfast: Cold cereals, cinnamon toast, and apple tea is a good breakfast for Pitta. Avoid coffee, orange juice and doughnuts - they aggravate pitta. The vegetarian foods are the best for pitta. Consuming red meat tend to heat the body from the fat. Consume abundant amounts of milk, grains and vegetables. Avoid oily, hot, salty, and heavy foods such as fried food. Instead consume starchy foods such as vegetables, grains and beans. Avoid the tendency to overeat under stress. Avoid processed and fast foods as they tend to be heavy on salt and sour tastes. Japanese and Chinese food are good choices. Avoid highly spicy food such as is found in Mexican restaurants. To bring down aggravated Pitta, take two teaspoons of ghee (clarified butter) in a glass of warm milk. (Avoid taking the ghee if you have problem with high cholesterol). Summary Avoid egg yolks, nuts, hot spices, honey, and hot drinks. Cool foods and drinks are better. Add sweet, bitter, and astringent tastes. Reduce use of sour tastes. Spices: black pepper, coriander, and cardamom.

Food Classified By Group Vegetables

Favor Sweet and bitter vegetables: Asparagus Broccoli Brussels sprouts Cabbage Cauliflower Celery Cucumber Green beans Green (sweet) peppers Leafy green vegetables Lettuce Mushrooms Okra Parsley Peas Potatoes Sprouts Squash Sweet potatoes Zucchini Reduce or Avoid Beets Carrots Eggplant Garlic Hot peppers Onions Radishes Spinach Tomatoes

Fruits
Sweet Fruits: Apples Avocados Cherries Coconut Apricots Bananas Berries Cherries (sour) Cranberries Favor Reduce or Avoid

19 Figs Dark grapes Mangoes Melons Oranges Pears Pineapples Plums Prunes Raisins

Note: Fruits should be sweet and ripe. Grapefru it Papayas Peaches Persimm ons Avoid fruits that come to market sour or unripe. Also avoid fruits such as green grapes, oranges, pineapple and plum unless they are sweet and ripe.

Grains
Favor Barley Oats Wheat White rice (prefer basmati rice) Reduce or Avoid Brown rice Corn Millet Rye

Dairy
Favor Reduce or Avoid Buttermilk Cheese Egg yolks Sour cream Yogurt

Butter Egg whites Ghee (clarified butter )- unless you are watching cholesterol Ice cream Milk

Meat
Favor Reduce or Avoid Red meat and sea food in general Chicken Shrimp Turkey (All in small amounts)

Beans
Favor Lentils Avoid Chickpeas Mung beans Tofu and other soybean products Reduce or

Oils
Favor

Reduce or Avoid

Coconut Olive

Almond Corn

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Soy Sunflower Safflower Sesame

Nuts and Seeds

Favor Coconut Pumpkin seeds Sunflower seeds Reduce or Avoid All, except as noted

Sweeteners
Favor All are acceptable except honey and molasses Reduce or Avoid Honey and Molasses

Herbs and Spices

Favor Spices are generally avoided as too heating. In small amounts, the following sweet and astringent spices are OK Cardamom Cilantro(green coriander) Cinnamon Coriander seed Dill Fennel Mint Saffron Turmeric Reduce or Avoid All pungent herbs and spices, except as noted. Take only the minimal amounts of the following: Barbecue sauce Catsup Mustard Pickles Salt Sour salad dressings Spicy condiments Vinegar

Plus small amounts of cumin and black pepper Pitta dosha is aggravated and increased during summer. During hot, dry seasons, all mind-body types can choose some of the above foods and decrease others. Mental and emotional peace and constructive lifestyle routines are important to restoring and maintaining balance.

Kapha is the conceptual equilibrium of water and earth. Kapha is structure and lubrication. One can visualize the
Kapha force as the stirring force to keep the water and earth from separating. For example, if we take a pot, fill it to the half with water and then add sand to it, the sand will gradually sink to the bottom of the pot. (It separates from the water). The only way to keep the sand in equilibrium with the water is by stirring the mixture continuously. The Kapha force can be visualized as this stirring force in our body. Kapha cements the elements in the body, providing the material for physical structure. This dosha maintains body resistance. Water is the main constituent of kapha, and this bodily water is responsible physiologically for biological strength and natural tissue resistance in the body. Kapha lubricates the joints; provides moisture to the skin; helps to heal wounds; fills the spaces in the body; gives biological strength, vigor and stability; supports memory retention; gives energy to the heart and lungs, and maintains immunity. Kapha is present in the chest, throat, head, sinuses, nose, mouth, stomach, joints, cytoplasm, plasma, and in the liquid secretions of the body such as mucus. Psychologically, kapha is responsible for the emotions of attachment, greed, and long-standing envy. It is also expressed in tendencies toward calmness, forgiveness, and love. The chest is the seat of kapha. The effect of Kapha on our body or microcosm is shown in the table below.

CHARACTERISTICS OF KAPHA TYPES

Here are some of the common characteristics of people who have a predominantly Kapha constitution. Easygoing, relaxed, slow-paced Affectionate and loving Forgiving, compassionate, nonjudgmental nature Stable and reliable; faithful Physically strong and with a sturdy, heavier build

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Have the most energy of all constitutions, but it is steady and enduring, not explosive Slow moving and graceful Slow speech, reflecting a deliberate thought process Slower to learn, but never forgets; outstanding long-term memory Soft hair and skin; tendency to have large "soft" eyes and a low, soft voice Tend toward being overweight; may also suffer from sluggish digestion Prone to heavy, oppressive depressions More self-sufficient, need less outward stimulation than do the other types A mild, gentle, and essentially undemanding approach to life Sexually Kaphas are the slowest to be aroused, but they also have the most endurance Excellent health, strong resistance to disease Slow to anger; strive to maintain harmony and peace in their surroundings Not easily upset and can be a point of stability for others Tend to be possessive and hold on to things, people, money; good savers. Don't like cold, damp weather Physical problems include colds and congestion, sinus headaches, respiratory problems including asthma and wheezing, hay fever, allergies, and atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). Physical Features People of kapha constitution have well-developed bodies. There is, however, a strong tendency for these individuals to carry excess weight. Their chests are expanded and broad. The veins and tendons of kapha people are not obvious because of their thick skin and their muscle development is good. The bones are not prominent. Their complexions are fair and bright. The skin is soft, lustrous and oily, it is also cold and pale. The hair is thick, dark, soft and wavy. The eyes are dense and black or blue: the white of the eye is generally very white, large and attractive. Physiologically, kapha people have regular appetites. Due to slow digestion, they tend to consume less food. They crave pungent, bitter and astringent foods. Stools are soft and may be pale in color: evacuation is slow. Their perspiration is moderate. Sleep is sound and prolonged. There is a strong vital capacity evidenced by good stamina, and kapha people are generally healthy, happy and peaceful. Psychologically, they tend to be tolerant, calm, forgiving and loving: however, they also exhibit traits of greed, attachment, envy and possessiveness. Their comprehension is slow but definite: once they understand something, that knowledge is retained. Kapha people tend to be wealthy. They earn money and are good at holding on to it.

Signs of Kapha Aggravation

Sluggish thinking, Dull thinking Groggy all day Apathetic, no desire Depressed, Sad, Sentimental Slow to comprehend, Slow to react Procrastinating, Lethargy Clingy, hanging on to people and ideas Greedy, Possessive, Materialistic Sleeping too much Very tired in the morning, hard to get out of bed Drowsy or groggy during the day Weight gain, obesity Mucus and congestion in the chest or throat Mucus and congestion in the nose or sinuses Nausea Diabetes Hay fever Pale, cool, clammy skin Edema, water retention, Bloated feeling Sluggish digestion, food "just sits" in the stomach High cholesterol Aching joints or heavy limbs When you experience symptoms such as nausea, lethargy, a feeling of heaviness, chills, looseness of the limbs, coughing, mucus discharges, breathing difficulties, and a tendency to sleep too much, you may be suffering from Kapha imbalance. Other symptoms can be inertia, congestion, stagnation, and circulation problems. There may be a tendency toward obesity. Boredom, laziness, and mental dullness may be present. Indications of balanced kapha influences are physical strength, a strong immune system, serenity, mental resolve, rational thinking, ability to conserve and use personal resources, endurance, and adaptability.

General Tips for Health and Wellness for Kapha Types

Kapha's are prone to lethargy, sluggishness, depression, and overweight, Kaphas need activity and stimulation. Daily exercise is more important for them than for any other type. Getting out of the house and actively seeking new experiences is also valuable. Be receptive to useful change, renounce impediments to progress, be intentional in

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implementing life-enhancing actions, and choose foods, mental attitudes, behaviors, exercise routines, and relationships and environmental circumstances which can be instrumental in balancing kapha characteristics. Pungent, bitter, and astringent tastes decrease kapha influences. Black pepper, ginger, cumin, chili, and some other spices provide the pungent taste; bitter is provided by some green leafy vegetables; and some green vegetables and beans provide the astringent taste. Note that the taste that decreases a dosha usually increases one or both of the other two. For general purposes, mildly increase the proportion of foods which are helpful while somewhat decreasing the proportions of others-having a sampling of all six tastes at your major meal. Meditation can be more intensive for kapha constitutions than for vata or pitta constitutions. Schedule time every day for prayer and meditation.

A Food Plan to Balance Kapha Dosha

These guidelines can be used for kapha mind-body constitutions, to maintain dosha balance, and to restore balance if necessary, regardless of the basic constitution. Kapha influences the heavy, moist aspects of the body.

What kind of Food to Eat to Balance Kapha

^Warm, light food ^Dry food, cooked without much water, minimum of butter, oil and sugar ^Stimulating foods with pungent, bitter, and astringent tastes ^Kaphas need to watch the consumption of too much sweet foods or fatty foods. Keep an eye on the salt consumption also, which tend to result in fluid retention in Kaphas. Light meals are to be favored such as light breakfast and dinner. Avoid deep fried foods. Eat lightly cooked foods or raw fruits and vegetables. Eat spicy, bitter and astringent foods. Watch out for eating too much food, a typical kapha tendency. ^Select hot food over cold food whenever feasible. Dry cooking methods (baking, broiling, grilling, sauteing) are preferable for kaphas over moist cooking such as steaming, boiling or poaching. ?if!As an appetizer eat bitter or pungent foods instead of salty or sour. Foods such as romaine lettuce, endive, or tonic water are good to stimulate your appetite. ^'Take ginger tea or a pinch or ginger to stimulate appetite. Other preferred spices are cumin, fenugreek, sesame seed and turmeric. Any food that is spicy is good for kaphas such as very hot Mexican or Indian food, especially in winter. ?if!Foods that are good for kapha breakfast are hot spiced cider, buckwheat pancakes with apple butter, corn muffins, and bitter cocoa made with skim milk and a touch of honey. Avoid cold cereals, cold juice or milk, and sugary pastries. Bacon and sausage aggravates kapha due to their salt and oil. For kapha types, breakfast is optional. (You may skip it if you like). ^'To pep you up in the morning, take honey, hot water, lemon juice and ginger. Try hot ginger tea. Try skipping a

25
meal or two and take a spoonful of honey in hot water to keep you going. ^'Kaphas have a sweet tooth. So, cutting down on sugar is difficult for many of them. Cutting sugar is recommended. Take honey instead. Avoid taking more than a spoonful of honey a day. ^Don't overindulge on dairy foods. Butter, ice cream, and cheese are among the worst foods you can take as it aggravates the kapha. Take warm low fat milk. Avoid hamburgers and milk shakes. ^Eat raw fruits, vegetables and salads. f^Watch out the restaurant foods, especially oily, salty, sweet or deep fried foods - these are all kapha aggravating. Eat salad with minimum salad dressing. Take a glass of hot water instead of ice water. Eat salad instead of soup especially in hot weather.

Summary
Breakfast is usually not necessary. Avoid sugar, fats, dairy products, and salt. Ghee and oils only in small amounts. Choose light, dry foods. The main meal should be at the middle of the day, and only a light, dry meal in the evening. Avoid cold foods and drinks. Reduce use of sweet, sour, and salty tastes. Pungent, astringent, and bitter tastes are all right. All spices.

Food Classified By Group Vegetables

Favor Pungent and bitter foods such as: asparagus beets broccoli Brussels sprouts cabbage carrots cauliflower celery eggplant garlic leafy green vegetables lettuce mushrooms okra onions peas peppers potatoes radishes spinach sprouts Sweet and juicy vegetables, such as: cucumbers sweet potatoes tomatoes zucchini Favor Reduce or Avoid

Fruits
Reduce or Avoid

26
apples apricots berries cherries cranberries figs mango es peache s pears prunes pomegranates Dried fruits in general are good for kapha (apricots, figs, prunes, raisins) avocados bananas coconut dates fresh figs grapefruit grapes melons oranges papayas pineapples plums Avoid sweet, sour, or very juicy fruits, in general.

Grains
barley buckwheat corn millet oats, dry rye basmati rice Favor Reduce or Avoid oats rice wheat, except in small amounts Avoid hot cereals and steamed grains, in general, as they are too moist and heavy for kapha.

Sweeteners Dairy
Favor Favor warm skim milk honey Raw, unheated small amounts of whole milk and eggs (not fried of cooked with butter) Favor sunflower seeds pumpkin Favor seeds chicken shrimp turkey (All in small amounts) Favor Reduce or Avoid as noted All, except honey

Nuts and Seeds

Reduce or Avoid Meat All, except sunflower seeds and pumpkin seeds Reduce or Avoid red meat seafood in general

Herbs and Spices

Reduce or Avoid

Beans
Favor All legumes are acceptable except kidney beans and tofu Reduce or Avoid kidney beans tofu

Oils
Favor almond corn safflower sunflower (All in small quantities) Reduce or Avoid All, except as noted.

All are good. Ginger is especially good for salt improving digestion If your basic constitution is mixed (kapha-pitta or kapha-vata), include smaller portions for the second dosha. Kapha dosha is aggravated and increased in the spring of the year. During this season, eat less and choose more dry, fibrous foods. During wet, cold seasons, all mind-body types can choose some of the above foods and decrease others.

Ayurveda
Introduction
Ayurveda is India's traditional, natural system of medicine that has been practiced for more than 5,000 years. Ayurveda is a Sanskrit word that literally translated means "science of life" or "practices of longevity." Ayurveda was the system of health care conceived and developed by the seers (rishis) and natural scientists through centuries of observations, experiments, discussions, and meditations. For several thousand years their teachings were passed on orally from teacher to student; about the fifth to sixth century BC, elaborately detailed texts were written in Sanskrit, the ancient language of India. For many years Ayurveda flourished and was used by rich and poor alike in India and Southeast Asia.

Manuscript page from Atharva-Veda, earliest Indian text (approx. 1500 BC) with much medical information, one of several Vedas (meaning "knowledge"), upon which Ayurvedic medical practice is based on. Ayurvedic manuals were written by Charaka, Sushruta, and Vagbhata that give detailed descriptions of the various practices. Charaka listed 500 hundred remedies and Sushruta over 700 vegetable medicines.

Ayurveda emphasizes prevention of disease, rejuvenation of our body systems, and extension of life span. The profound premise and promise of Ayurveda is that through certain practices, not only can we prevent heart disease and make our headaches go away, but we can also better understand ourselves and the world around us, live a long healthy life in balance and harmony, achieve our fullest potential, and express our true inner nature on a daily basis. Ayurveda provides an integrated approach to preventing and treating illness through lifestyle interventions and natural therapies. It is based on the view that the elements, forces, and principles that comprise all of nature - and that holds it together and make it function - are also seen in human beings. In Ayurveda, the mind (or consciousness) and the body (or physical mass) not only influence each other - they are each other. Together they form the mind-body. The universal consciousness is an intelligent, aware ocean of energy that gives rise to the physical world we perceive through our five senses. Ayurvedic philosophy and practices link us to every aspect of ourselves and remind us that we are in union with every aspect of nature, each other, and the entire universe. There can be no mental health without physical health, and vice versa. In Ayurveda, symptoms and diseases that could be categorized as mental thoughts or feelings are just as important as symptoms and diseases of the physical body. Both are due to imbalances within a person, and both are treated by restoring the natural balance mentally and physically. In Ayurveda your whole life and lifestyle must be in harmony before you can enjoy true well being. Lifestyle interventions are a major Ayurvedic preventive and therapeutic approach. In India, Ayurvedic practitioners receive state-recognized, institutionalized training in parallel to their physician counterparts. The research base is growing concerning the physiological effects of meditative techniques and yoga postures in Indian medical literature and Western psychological literature. Published studies have documented reductions in cardiovascular disease risk factors, including blood pressure, cholesterol, and reaction to stress, in individuals who practice Ayurvedic methods.

Laboratory and clinical studies on Ayurvedic herbal preparations and other therapies have shown them to have a range of potentially beneficial effects for preventing and treating certain cancers, treating infectious disease, treating diabetes, promoting health, and treating aging. Mechanisms underlying these effects may include free-radical scavenging effects, immune system modulation, brain neurotransmitter modulation, and hormonal effects.

Next Topic: Basis for Ayurvedic Philosophy Basis for Ayurvedic Philosophy
Ayurveda is applicable to every living thing, as implied by its name, the science of life. Vedic sciences attribute life to more things than we normally do - the things such as air, wind, fire, the earth, planets, stars, etc. are all thought to possess conscience like living beings. The basic premise of Ayurveda is that the entire cosmos or universe is part of one singular absolute. Everything that exists in the vast external universe (macrocosm), also appears in the internal cosmos of the human body (microcosm). The human body consisting of 50-100 million cells, when healthy, is in harmony, self-perpetuating and self-correcting just as the universe is. The ancient Ayurveda text, Charaka, says, "Man is the epitome of the universe. Within man, there is as much diversity as in the world outside. Similarly, the outside world is as diverse as human beings themselves." In other words, all human beings are a living microcosm of the universe and the universe is a living macrocosm of the human beings.

Related Topics:
Uniqueness of Individuals

Harmony With The Nature and Developing Perfect Health

Human Body As A Self Correcting Mechanism and Balance

The Concept of Self

How Do We Get Sick?

The Five Great Elements

The Senses

Like And Unlike

Concept f Vata Pitta

Kapha

Balanced Tridosha means a Healthy Person

Concept of Prakruti and Vikruti

Next Topic: Uniqueness of Individuals

Uniqueness of Individuals Ayurveda views each and every person as unique, with a unique mind-body constitution and a unique set of life circumstances, all of which must be considered in determining either natural healing approaches or recommendations for daily living. This view is in alignment with the modern science which views individuals as unique in the universe with a unique DNA. According to Ayurveda, because we each have a unique constitution, our health prescription must be unique to us. This means that in order to be healthy, you need to eat certain foods that are beneficial for your body type and stay away from others. Your exercise program must be personally suitable as well. Your constitution determines very much about you - your body, your personality, even how you relate to other people. Understanding it lets you know what you need in order to be healthy. Harmony With The Nature and Developing Perfect Health The theoretical side of Ayurveda provides insights into how to live one's life in harmony with nature and natural laws and rhythms. Its practical side - specifically its guidelines for an intelligently regulated diet and daily routine, its techniques for stress management, and its exercises for increased fitness and alertness-help us take control of our lives and develop radiant health. The central goal of Ayurveda is nothing less than a state of perfect health, for the individual and for society and the environment as well, in which every man and woman is inwardly in balance and outwardly in harmony with the environment and the laws of nature. According to Ayurveda, nature is permeated by intelligence. Intelligent laws govern the growth of all living things; kittens grow into cats, acorns into oak trees. Indeed, laws of nature regulate everything, from the tiny world of whirling atoms to the huge, enormous world of galaxies. Human Body As A Self Correcting Mechanism and Balance The human body is part of nature, as we discussed before as a microcosm of the universe, and when it runs perfectly, as it was designed to run, it can be perfectly healthy. It is trying to be perfectly healthy all the time, using its innate selfhealing, self-regulating ability as it strives for a perfect homeostatic balance. But we repeatedly interfere. Nature has set us up with all the equipment we need to be perfectly healthy. Health is our natural state, and ill health is unnatural. Every day our systems are exposed to literally millions of bacteria, viruses, allergens, even carcinogens, and yet our immune system has the intelligence and skill to deal with all those invaders and keep us healthy. However, when stress, inadequate nutrition, or just fatigue weaken the immune system, those same invaders may produce disease. Every second the body is adjusting to countless thousands of changing parameters, keeping us in homeostatic balance. No matter what comes along to upset the balance, the body knows its own nature, knows what ideal temperature it should be and the correct chemistry it needs to maintain, and keeps referring back to that blueprint to maintain proper balance. The Concept of Self The Self, as this inner dimension of our nature is called in Ayurveda, is the central point of our being, the hub of the wheel. It is the true inner center of our diversified lives. Thought, feelings, speech, action, and relationships all originate here, deep within the personality. The whole person-and the whole field of interpersonal behavior-can be spontaneously enhanced by the process of self-referral, or looking within to experience the Self. This is analogous to the natural process by which all the branches, leaves, flowers, and fruit of a tree can be simultaneously nourished and enlivened by watering the root. The Self can be directly experienced. Those who do experience it find it to be deeply peaceful, yet a reservoir of creativity, intelligence, and happiness that spills over into all phases of living.

How Do We Get Sick? Ayurveda holds that specific disease conditions are symptoms of an underlying imbalance. It does not neglect relief of these symptoms, but its main focus is on the big picture: to restore balance and to help you create such a healthy lifestyle that the imbalance won't occur again. Living in health and balance is the key to a long life free from disease. Perhaps the most important lesson Ayurveda has to teach is that our health is up to us. Every day of our lives, every hour of every day, we can, and do, choose either health or illness. When we choose wisely, nature rewards us with health and happiness. When we persistently choose unwisely, nature, in her wisdom, eventually sets us straight: She makes us sick and gives us a chance to rest and rethink our choices. The Five Great Elements Ayurveda believes that everything in this universe is made up of five great elements or building blocks. These are earth, water, fire, air, and ether. Earth represents the solid state of matter. It manifests stability, permanence, and rigidity. In our body, the parts such as bones, teeth, cells, and tissues are manifestations of the earth. Earth is considered a stable substance. Water characterizes change and represents the liquid state. Water is necessary for the survival of all living things. A large part of the human body is made up of water. Our blood, lymph, and other fluids move between our cells and through our vessels, bringing energy, carrying away wastes, regulating temperature, bringing disease fighters, and carrying hormonal information from one area to another. Water is a substance without stability. Fire is the power to transform solids into liquids, to gas, and back again. In other words, it possess power to transform the state of any substance. Within our bodies, the fire or energy binds the atoms together. It also converts food to fat (stored energy) and muscle. Fire transforms food into energy. It creates the impulses of nervous reactions, our feelings, and even our thought processes. Fire is considered a form without substance. Air is the gaseous form of matter which is mobile and dynamic. Within the body, air (oxygen) is the basis for all energy transfer reactions. It is a key element required for fire to burn. Air is existence without form. Ether is the space in which everything happens. It is the field that is simultaneously the source of all matter and the space in which it exists. Ether is only the distances which separate matter. The chief characteristic of ether is sound. Here sound represents the entire spectrum of vibration. Every substance in our world is made up of these five substances. All substances can be classified according to their predominant element. For example, a mountain is predominantly made up of earth element. A mountain also contain water, fire, air and ether. But these elements are very small compared to the earth. So, its classification is the earth. Ayurveda defines a human as the assemblage of the five great elements plus the "immaterial self." The Senses The five elements manifest in the functioning of the five senses of man. This allows the person to perceive the external environment in which he or she lives. They are also related, through the senses, to five actions expressing the functions of the sensory organs. The basic senses and their relationship to the five elements are shown below: Element Ether Senses Hearing Sense Organ Ear Action Speech Organ of Action Tongue, vocal cords, mouth

u.......................................................................................................................2 u................................................................................................................3 u................................................................................................................9 u................................................................................................................9 u................................................................................................................9 u................................................................................................................9 u................................................................................................................9 u................................................................................................................9 u................................................................................................................9 u..............................................................................................................10 u..............................................................................................................10

u..............................................................................................................10 u..............................................................................................................10 u..............................................................................................................10 u..............................................................................................................10 u..............................................................................................................10 u..............................................................................................................12 u..............................................................................................................12 u..............................................................................................................14 u..............................................................................................................14 Determining Your Prakruti - Test 1 - Part 1............................................................35

Like And Unlike Anything that enters our body (microcosm) can exert three possible effects on the organism. It can act as food. This nourishes the organism It can act as medicine. This balances the organism It can act as poison. This disturbs the organism. The five elements may exert one, two, or all three of these effects. The rule that governs the interaction between the environment and the organism is the Law of Like and Unlike. Like increase like. Unlike decreases like. For example, when you lie in full sun, your body temperature goes up. Similarly, when you take bath in cold water, your body temperature goes down. Everything you experience, food, medicine, or poison, increases like parts of your microcosm and decreases those parts that are unlike it. Similarly, thought also enters your microcosm. Thought can be positive or negative and will influence your being. Goods thoughts cheer you up. Bad thoughts will poison you and decrease your good feelings. Knowing what is good and what is not so good for your personal self enables you to make informed choices in your life. Right thoughts and attitudes actually induce prosperity. Evil thoughts and bad deeds will not result in prosperity, but to the ultimate ruin of the microcosm. Balanced Tridosha means a Healthy Person Every person (and thing) contains all three doshas. However, the proportion varies according to the individual and usually one or two doshas predominate. Within each person the doshas are continually interacting with one another and with the doshas in all of nature. This explains why people can have much in common but also have an endless variety of individual differences in the way they behave and respond to their environment. Ayurveda recognizes that different foods, tastes, colors, and sounds affect the doshas in different ways. For example very hot and pungent spices aggravate pitta; but cold, light foods such as salads calm it down. This ability to affect the doshas is the underlying basis for Ayurvedic practices and therapies. A balance among the tridosha is necessary for health. Together, the tridosha governs all metabolic activities. When their actions in our mind-body constitution are balanced, we experience psychological and physical wellness. When they are somewhat unbalanced, we may feel uneasy. When they are more obviously unbalanced - when one or more of the three dosha influences are excessive or deficient-discernible symptoms of sickness can be observed and experienced. Regardless of the percentages of vata, pitta, or kapha influences, your basic constitution represents your psychological and physical nature. When balance is maintained, health is at optimum. Concept of Prakruti and Vikruti According to Ayurveda, your basic constitution is determined at the time of conception. This constitution is called Prakruti. The term Prakruti is a Sanskrit word that means, "nature," "creativity," or "the first creation." One of the very important concept of Ayurveda is that one's basic constitution is fixed throughout his lifetime. The combination of Vata, Pitta, and Kapha that was present in the individual at the time of conception is maintained throughout his lifetime. This is your base point. Notice that different persons can have different combination of Vata, Pitta and kapha as their basic constitution or Prakruti. This is how Ayurveda can explain the subtle differences between individuals and explains why everyone is unique and that two persons can react very differently when exposed to the same environment or stimuli. Your Prakruti is unique to you just as your fingerprint and DNA. Thus, in order to

understand a person, it is necessary to determine his or her Prakruti. HolisticOnLine has developed a computerized diagnostic system that enables you to determine your Prakruti. Ideally, your constitution remain fixed throughout your life. Unfortunately, this is not the case. Every person is subjected to the constant interaction with his or her environment which will affect the person's constitution at any time. The body will try to maintain a dynamic equilibrium or balance with the environment. Your current condition is called your vikruti. Although it reflects your ability to adjust to life's influences and is always changing, it should match your prakruti, or inborn constitution, as closely as possible. If the current proportion of your doshas differs significantly from your constitutional proportion, it indicates imbalances, which in turn can lead to illness. Farther your Vikruti is from your Prakruti, more ill you are. Ayurveda teaches that your Vikruti can be changed by means of diet and meditation so as to approach your Prakruti or the state where you have perfect health. The concept of Prakruti and Vikruti can be illustrated by reference to our body temperature. When healthy, we maintain an average body temperature of about 98 degrees. Although, different persons can have different base temperatures, it does not change much so long as the person is healthy. When we go outside on a winter day, our body temperature may go down slightly; but will pick right back up to the normal if we are healthy. Similarly, jogging on a hot day can temporarily raise our body temperature. When we are sick, or catch a cold, our body temperature will go up. This indicates that we are sick or outside our normal base condition. We may take medicine to bring the body temperature back to the normal range. In analogy to Ayurveda, our present temperature may be considered as Vikruti and the difference between the Prakruti (our normal temperature) and Vikruti (our present temperature) can determine whether any medical intervention is required. Just like an allopathic doctor will take your temperature and blood pressure routinely as the first step in diagnosing your condition, Ayurvedic practitioners will determine your Prakruti and Vikruti as the first step in diagnosing your condition. Hence prior to embarking on a journey to perfect health and longevity, it is important that you understand your Prakruti and Vikruti and determine how far separated these are. Armed with this knowledge, we can map a treatment strategy. This is the basic premise of Ayurveda. The diagnostic system developed by HolisticOnline can be utilized to determine both your Prakruti and Vikruti.

Diagnostic Tests
In order to increase the effectiveness of the material supplied here, Holisticonline.com has developed several diagnostic tests. These tests incorporate artificial intelligence. Four tests are supplied - two for determining your mind-body constitution (Prakruti) and two for determining your current condition (vikruti). The tests are designed in such a way that you can take part of it if you are in a hurry to get a quick, but may not be accurate, read on the results; and then can improve the accuracy by taking the entire test. We appreciate your feedback on how this test can be improved or any other suggestions. Use feedback. Some questions may not be very clear. If you don't understand the question or don't know the answer, just skip the question rather than guessing. Our tests are designed to normalize your scores. Determining Your Prakruti In order to determine your Prakruti, answer the questions, based on how you had been in your lifetime (not necessarily now.) Remember, you are trying to define your basic constitution here; think about the instances when you were very healthy and happy. Then answer the question based on that time. Note down the results given by the system as your Prakruti. Let us say for arguments sake, it is Vata 60, Pitta 30 and Kapha 10. You are a Vata person with Pitta as your secondary dosha. Tests for Prakruti

Test 1 (58 Questions)

Test 2 (81 Questions)

Determining your Vikruti and Interpreting the Results Now take the test for Vikruti. This test concentrates on determining your dosha imbalance. You should answer the questions based on your condition now. This will answer the question, what's out of balance that needs stabilizing? Take this part of the test once now and then again every three months to monitor your progress. When determining your vikruti, identify your problem areas by focusing on symptoms that are occurring now or that have occurred consistently within the last two weeks. The result will give your Vikruti. In the example above, let us say the person got a Vikruti score of Vata 40, Pitta 30 and Kapha 30. Now you can see the imbalance. You Vata is off 10 points, and hence it needs to be balanced. So, the treatment strategy will be to pacify your vata. Dietary intervention may be one of the prescriptions. Ayurvedic practitioners have a wealth of foods, medicines, herbs and other techniques (such as yoga, meditation, aromatherapy etc.) to accomplish this. Look at the section six steps to get back to good health. We will cover the effect of diet and the six senses on the tridosha later. Tests for Vikruti

Test 1 (120 Questions)

Test 2 (120 Questions)

Determining Your Prakruti - Test 1 - Part 1

This test will determine your Ayurvedic Dosha based on the answers you supply. Each set of questions has three options. You should select the best option that describes you. You can only select one out of the three. To select an item, click on the button to the left of the selection. If you want to choose another selection, click on that button. (The latest selection only counts.) After you complete the questionnaire, click on the button marked Done. MIND - EMOTIONS - BEHAVIOR ASSESSMENT 1. I am

r r r
2.

Flexible, optimistic Ambitious, practical, intense Calm, peaceful, solicitous

I consider myself as:

r
r

Lively, intuitive, Motivated, perceptive, warm Resilient, content, loyal, slow

r
3.

My acquaintances describe me as:

r r r

Enthusiastic, changeable Friendly, independent, courageous, discriminating Deliberate, relaxed, compassionate

4. My friends describe me as:

C C r 5.

An initiator A good leader, goal-oriented, competitive Patient, nurturing, stable

My memory is

r r
r

Quick to remember-and to forget. (Best in the short term) Average, clear, distinct (Good overall) Slow to remember and to forget (Best in the long term)

6.

My thinking style is

r r r

Restless, quick Organized, efficient, accurate Slow, methodical, exacting

7.

I process information

r . r r

Quickly At medium speed

01 Slowly

8.

My creativity level is

r r
c

Filled with ideas, but tends to follow through poorly Inventive in many areas, with good follow-through Best in the field of business

9.

Under stress I become

r
c r

Anxious, insecure, tense, and sigh and hyperventilate Aggressive, angry, irritable, headachy, nauseated Lethargic, dull, in denial

10. I dream of C Activity, running, flying, frightening things C Violence, fire, anger, passion, the sun r Romance, sentimentality, water and snow 11. My speech pattern is c Fast, talkative (Quick, often imaginative or excessive) r Precise, convincing (Clear, precise, detailed, well-organized)

Slow, monotoned, melodic (Soothing, rich with moments of silence)

12. My voice sounds

High pitched, fast, dissonant, weeping

r r

Medium pitched, sharp, laughing Low pitched, melodious, slow, monotone, pleasant, deep

13. My lifestyle is

r r r r
r

Highly active Active Rather inactive

14. My spending habits are Wasteful, can't save, throw money away on trifles Moderate, can save, but spend money on luxuries Thrifty, accumulate wealth but spend money on food

15. My sex drive is

r r r

Frequent, either in very high or very low gear Moderate frequency, but passionate and domineering Infrequent, constant or cyclic, loyal and devoted

r
c c

16. Regarding temperature and weather: I dislike weather that i cold, windy, dry. I am comfortable in the heat. s I dislike weather that i hot, with strong sun. I perspire easily. I thrive in winter. s I dislike weather that i cool and damp. I tolerate extremes well. s

Determining Your Prakruti - Test 1 - Part 2

Each set of questions has three options. You should select the best option that describes you. You can only select one out of the three. To select an item, click on the button to the left of the selection. If you want to choose another selection, click on that button. (The latest selection only counts.) After you complete the questionnaire, click on the button marked Done. MIND - EMOTIONS - BEHAVIOR ASSESSMENT 1. When making decisions I am Unsure

r r

Quick and decisive Deliberate

2.

Emotionally, I

Worry, am anxious, moody, and emotional

r r
3. I love

Get angry and irritated easily Stay calm, complacent, get angry slowly

C Traveling, art, esoteric subjects C Sports, politics, luxury r Good food 4. The pace of my activity is c r Fast Medium speed, intense Slow, steady 5. When threatened, I become

r r r
6.

Fearful, anxious Angry, irritable, fights Indifferent, withdraws

r r r

My taste preference is: Oily, heavy, sweet, soupy, salty, sour Medium, light, sweet, warm, bitter, astringent Dry, light, low-fat, sweet, pungent

7.

r r r

My mental tendencies are: Questions, theorizes Judgmental or artistic Stable, and logical

8.

r r r

My pulse can be described as Thready, slithering Moderate, jumping Slow and graceful

9.

r r r

My resting pulse rate is: Women: 80-100, Men: 70-80 Women: 70-80, Men: 60-70 Women: 60-70, Men: 50-60

10. I generally eat

r ^ . r r

Quickly Moderately fast Slowly

11. My sleep is most often

r r r r r r r
r

Interrupted, light Sound, moderate Deep, long. I am slow to waken.

12. I am most sensitive to Noise Bright light Strong odors

13. My way of learning is To learn quickly. I enjoy more than one thing at a time. I can lose focus. To focus sharply, discriminate. I finish what I start. To take my time. I tend to be methodical.

14. I learn new material best by

r r r r
r
c

Listening to a speaker Reading or using visual aids Associating it with another memory

15. If there was one trait to best describe me, it would be Vivacious (lively, active, spirited and full of life) Determined Easygoing

16. Regarding my relationships, I

r r

Easily adapt to different kinds of people Often choose friends on the basis of their values Am slow to make new friends but am forever loyal.

r
r
c r

17. My family and friends might prefer me to be more Settled Tolerant Enthusiastic

Determining Your Prakruti - Test 1 - Part 3

This test will determine your Ayurvedic Dosha based on the answers you supply. Each set of questions has three options. You should select the best option that describes you. You can only select one out of the three. To select an item, click on the button to the left of the selection. If you want to choose another selection, click on that button. (The latest selection only counts.) After you complete the questionnaire, click on the button marked Done. BODY CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONS ASSESSMENT 1. Compared to others of my height, I have

r
Smaller bones Average size bones Larger bones

2. My height is C Above to below average rA Average

r r r r

Average to tall

3.

My muscles are Wiry, undeveloped Moderately developed Solid, stocky, well developed

4.

My weight is

r r r r
c c

Below average, I lose weight easily Medium, able to lose or gain weight Above average, I gain weight easily

5. Most of my fat is located Around my waist Evenly over my body Around the hips and thighs 6. My skin is r Dry, flaky, thin, rough, cool to touch Delicate, sensitive, with freckles or moles, warm to touch, glowing Oily, thick, smooth, soft to touch 7. My complexion (compared with others of my race) is

r
c

c r

Darker More reddish, freckled, or yellowish Lighter or pale

8. My hair is

r
r

r
Dry, brittle, thin, coarse, brown, black

Fine and straight, blond, red, graying early or balding Oily, thick, luxuriant, wavy or curly, dark brown, black

9. My eyebrows are c Thin, dry, and firm r Medium r Thick, large, firm, bushy, oily 10. My eyes are

r r
c

Small, nervous, dry, black or brown

Sharp, bright, sensitive to light, gray or green, with a penetrating gaze Big, calm, blue, with a loving gaze

11. My teeth are

r r r r r r r
r r

Big, crooked or protruding, with thin receding gums Medium-sized, yellowish and soft, with tender gums Strong and white with healthy gums

12. My nose is Uneven in shape, small, thin Long and pointed Short, rounded, thick, oily

13. My lips are Dry, thin, dark Soft, pink, red, or yellowish Oily and smooth, large, thick and firm, pale

14. My veins are

r r r

Prominent Somewhat visible

Not visible 15. My shoulders are

r r r

Narrow and slope downward Medium-sized Broad, firm, developed

Determining Your Prakruti - Test 1 - Part 4

This test will determine your Ayurvedic Dosha based on the answers you supply. Each set of questions has three options. You should select the best option that describes you. You can only select one out of the three. To select an item, click on the button to the left of the selection. If you want to choose another selection, click on that button. (The latest selection only counts.)

After you complete the questionnaire, click on the button marked Done. BODY CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONS ASSESSMENT 1. My hips are Narrow c c 2. Medium width Wide

My hands are

r
c r

Small, dry, cool, with small, long fingers Medium-sized, moist, warm, pink Large, oily, cool, firm

3.

My joints are c Thin, small, and make cracking noises r Moderate in size, soft and loose r Large, well lubricated and well knit My nails are c Dry, rough, brittle, and break easily r Flexible, pink, and lustrous

4.

Thick, smooth, shiny, and hard

5.

My perspiration is r Scanty with no odor

r r

Heavy with strong odor Moderate or heavy with pleasant odor

6.

My appetite is r Irregular, with skipped meals

r
c

Strong, must eat regular meals Constant, but can skip meals

7.

My sleep pattern is

r
c c

Irregular, light, interrupted, 5-7 hours a night Sound and even, 6-8 hours a night Prolonged and deep, difficult to wake up

8.

My gait is

r
c r

Quick, short steps Medium pace, purposeful Slow and graceful

9.

My energy or endurance is

c r

Low, energy comes in spurts, then need to rest Is moderate or high. I can push myself too hard. Good, long-lasting

r r

10. My bowel movements are Dry, hard, constipation

r
c

Soft, oily, loose Heavy, slow, thick

Six Steps to Get Back To Good

Health (Balanced Doshas) Step 1: Determine Your Vikruti Using the diagnostic tests given, determine your Vikruti. As mentioned in the discussion of your mind body constitution, Vikruti is an Ayurvedic concept that defines where you are now. If you are ill, your Vikruti will defer from your Prakruti, which defines your base mind body constitution. This imbalance need to be known, before an effective treatment strategy can be developed. Read the sections, Signs of Aggravated Dosha or Dosha Imbalance for vata, pitta and kapha doshas. This will tell you which of your Dosha is aggravated and need balance. Another way to do this is by taking the HolisticOnLine diagnostic test. When answering the questions, concentrate on how you feel in the past week or so, or when you were not feeling good. How was your action. For example, normally you are calm and do not get excited easily. But you have noticed that in the last week or so, you get upset very easily or you get very argumentative. Answer the diagnostic test that you get excited or angry easily. Note down your vata, pitta and kapha score and mark it as your Vikruti. You will need this for step 3. We suggest that you do this Vikruti test once every 3 months like changing the oil in your car. This will foretell any signs of impending diseases and you can take proactive corrective actions by catching any imbalance in a timely manner.

Step 2: Determine your Prakruti Prakruti defines your natural state and your potential. This is your base behavior. HolisticOnLine has provided a diagnostic test to determine your Prakruti. In answering the questions, please answer based on how you normally feel (rather than your condition at this moment which may be different because of some dosha imbalance or illness. It may not be a bad idea to take this test three times over a period of a week and average out the score to get your Prakruti. Ayurvedic practitioners have other diagnostic tools to determine your imbalance such as Pulse diagnosis. Prakruti defines both your physical and emotional (or mental) state. Many persons have difficulty defining their mental status. If you want you can ask a friend or someone who knows you well to help in answering the questions. Write down your score as Prakruti score. If you have used our diagnostic test, it tells you what your predominant dosha is. Look up the characteristics of your dosha (Read the appropriate sections Vata or Pitta or Kapha) and see how closely it describes you. Step 3: Determine the Imbalance Compare scores from steps 1 (Vikruti) and 2(Prakruti) and determine the major imbalances. This is a complex process and very often requires a skilled ayurvedic practitioner to determine a course of treatment. First look at your Vikruti score. Compare your highest dosha with the next highest dosha. If these are more than 10 points apart, there may be a serious imbalance. (Note that we are only talking about your Vikruti. An imbalance of 10 points or more is quite common in Prakruti as this will give your dominant dosha.) To confuse the matter a little, very often what you see may not what it is. Doshas can disguise themselves. One dosha may affect another one throwing it out of balance. In most of the cases, Ayurvedic practitioners start with the vata dosha although that may not be the most imbalanced. This is because, vata controls most of the nervous system and mind and affect other doshas especially when you are under stress. After checking vata, check your pitta imbalance. Pitta is responsible for the digestion. If your digestive fire is low, it can manifest itself with other problems. This can, in turn, put both vata and kapha out of balance. Step 4: Stabilize your Doshas Depending on which dosha needs to be balanced, use the diet recommendation for balancing the particular dosha. Vata or Pitta or Kapha It is recommended that you balance your vata first, followed by pitta so fine-tune your system. If your dosha imbalance is severe, you may want to undergo a cleansing operation such asPanchakarma. You may also want to consider yoga, meditation or aromatherapy. Step 5: Monitor your progress Follow the dosha balancing practices recommended until the symptoms subside. Repeat the Vikruti test every 3 months to confirm the progress you are making. Step 6: Maintain Balance When your doshas are in balance, follow proper daily lifestyle recommendations given by Ayurveda. If old or symptoms appear, repeat the steps 1 to 5.