ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Introduction to clinical reasoning in advanced nursing roles 1. Cellular injury, adaptation and death a.

Genetic alterations and disorders b. Cancer and metastasis c. Environmental and nutritional factors
2. Inflammation, infection, and altered immunity states a. Common bacterial, viral, and fungal infections b. Altered immune states i. Hypersensitivity reactions ii. Immune deficiency disorders HIV/AIDS iii. Common autoimmune disorders 3. Alterations in integument a. Impaired wound healing b. Inflammatory and autoimmune 4. Alterations in hematological function a. RBC disorders anemias b. Common bleeding and clotting disorders c. Disseminated intravascular coagulation d. WBC disorders i. Leukemias ii. Lymphomas 5. Alterations of neurologic function a. Neurotrauma b. Seizure disorders c. Cerebrovascular disease - stroke d. Common degenerative diseases i. Alzheimers disease ii. Parkinsons disease iii. Dementia e. Common infectious disorders i. Meningitis ii. Encephalitis f. Myasthenia Gravis g. Neurobiology of mental illnesses i. Mood disorders ii. Schizophrenia 6. Alterations in endocrine function a. Diabetes mellitus b. Thyroid and parathyroid disorders c. Hypothalamic/Pituitary disorders d. Adrenal disorders cortical and medullary e. Metabolic Syndrome 7. Alterations in reproductive function a. Common reproductive disorders b. Reproductive cancers c. Prostate and testicular disorders d. Common infectious diseases

8. Alterations in cardiovascular function a. Atherosclerosis/arteriosclerosis b. Hypertension c. Ischemic heart disease d. Valvular heart disorders e. Common cardiomyopathies f. Heart failure g. Common congenital disorders h. Peripheral vascular diseases i. Venous disease ii. Arterial disease iii. Aneurysms 9. Alterations in pulmonary function a. Pulmonary edema b. Obstructive disease i. Emphysema ii. Chronic Bronchitis iii. Asthma c. Restrictive disease i. Pulmonary fibrosis d. Common pulmonary infections e. Lung cancer 10. Alterations in uro-renal function a. Common infectious states b. Obstructive disorders c. Glomerulonephritis d. Nephritic vs. nephritic syndromes e. Renal failure i. Acute ii. Chronic 11. Alterations in gastrointestinal function a. Common esophageal and gastric disorders b. Common infectious disorders c. Inflammatory bowel disorder d. Malignancies 12. Alterations in hepatic, biliary, and pancreatic function a. Hepatitis b. Cirrhosis c. Cholelithiasis and cholecystitis d. Pancreatitis 13. Alterations in musculoskeletal function a. Traumatic disorders of bone and joints b. Infectious state osteomyelitis c. Osteoporosis d. Arthritic disorders i. Osteoarthritis ii. Rheumatoid arthritis e. Myositis disorders f. Muscular dystrophy

g. Rhabdomyolysis 14. Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome and Shock a. Cardiopulmonary b. Septic c. Multiple trauma d. Burns