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Content
Overview of traditional balancing mechanics, drawbacks & limitations Chilled water balancing with constant flow valve mechanics and problem 3 in 1 chilled water dynamic balancing technical analysis, benefits
Hydronic Fundamentals
Traditional control valve and Double Regulating Valve (index circuit)
Coil
DRV
0%
% of Design Flow
100%
Hydronic Fundamentals
Traditional control valve and double regulating valve (index circuit)
DRV
0%
% of Design Flow
100%
Hydronic Fundamentals
Traditional control valve and double regulating valve (index circuit)
Control Valve
Coil + DRV
Coil
DRV
0%
% of Design Flow
100%
Hydronic Fundamentals
Traditional control valve and double regulating valve (index circuit)
Index circuit Index circuit Total pressure drop Total pressure drop
Control Valve
Coil + DRV
Coil
DRV
0%
% of Design Flow
100%
10
11
Hydronic Fundamentals
Dynamic Balancing
0%
% of Design Flow
100%
12
Hydronic Fundamentals
Dynamic Balancing
0%
% of Design Flow
100%
13
14
A1, k1
A2, k2
Q k2 A2 P2 P3
Q k2 K P P3 1 P2 P3
Where k1 & k2 are flow coefficients, and K is relation of A2 to (P1-P3 ), From (1) and (3), we have
k1 A P P = k2 1 1 2
K P P 1 3
P P 2 3
..(4)
Under conditions of all parameters including P1, P3 and k1, k2, & K being fixed From (4), P2 varies only with A1 From (3), Q varies only with A1 Note (*) The linearity of Q in equations (1) and (2) depends on manufacturer design and construction tolerance
15
P1 P2
P2 P3
A2
K .. P P3 1
therefore, no change
Q A2 P2 P3
16
What are the What are the Technical Advantages? Technical Advantages?
17
Commissioning
Performance
Energy
Easy Commissioning
18
19
Commissioning
Performance
Energy
20
Control Signal
50%
6V
21
Commissioning
Performance
Energy
22
28
Room Temp ()
26
24
22
20
18 6:00
8:00
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
Time
Chilled Water Distribution System Dynamic Balancing 23
Commissioning
Performance
Energy
24
14.40
10.80
7.20
3.60
Test result
0.00
2.5
3.5
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
9.5
10
25
Commissioning
Performance
Energy
Energy Saving
26
Hydronic Fundamentals
Traditional control valve and double regulating valve (index circuit)
Index circuit Index circuit Total pressure drop Total pressure drop
Control Valve
Coil + DRV
Coil
DRV
0%
% of Design Flow
100%
27
Hydronic Fundamentals
Dynamic Balancing
0%
% of Design Flow
100%
28
Energy Saving
in Dynamic Balancing system
160 kPa
Energy saved
System with Dynamic Balancing Control Valve
95 kPa
50
0%
% of Design Flow
100%
29
Commissioning
Performance
Energy
Flowrate monitoring
30
Flow Monitoring
Comparison with Electromagnetic Type Flowmeter
Flowmeter (electromagnetic type) Mechanics Accuracy Determine the fluid velocity by induced voltage 3-in-1 Dynamic Balancing Control Valve Determine the flow rate by calibrated opening (orifices)
Highly depend on compliance Independent of installation. of installation requirement. Typical catalogue quoted accuracy: 0.5% of operating range (flowmeter design at 9 to 2% of valve maximum flow rate 10m/s). at 2m/s Accuracy @ pipe actual flow rate of 2m/s:1.8 -2.25% Min 5D upstream & 3D downstream to ensure accurate measurement No requirement
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No specific requirement
32
Dynamic balancing control valve Constant flow valve By-pass Valve Flowmeter to measure bypass flow Flowmeter to verify flow in riser Air Handling Unit demand flow determined from Dynamic balancing control valve feedback signal Total system demand flow = qD1 + qD2 + qD3 + + qDn Supply flow of each chiller Total plant supply flow = qS1 + qS 2 + qS 3 Bypass flow, QS QD
QD FMQ
qDn
AHUn
DCV
qD3
AHU3
DCV
qD2
AHU2
DCV
QD
qD1
AHU1
DCV
qS j QS
Qb QS qS3
FMb BPV
Qb
qS2
qS1
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qD3
AHU3
DCV
qD2
AHU2
DCV
qD1
AHU1
DCV
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Summary Summary
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Summary
Traditional system: Balancing valve in series with Control valve Mechanics Only achieve balancing under full load static condition which becomes distorted under dynamic condition which resistance of system components changes Constant Flow valve in series with Control valve Only limit flow rate and do not have balancing function Dynamic system: 3-in-1 Dynamic Balancing Control valve Deliver exact flow rate under dynamic condition as required by space temperature controller
36
Summary (cont)
Traditional system: Balancing valve in series with Control valve Commissioning Constant Flow valve in series with Control valve Dynamic system: 3-in-1 Dynamic Balancing Control valve Convenient preset of maximum flow either locally at the valve or remotely at BMS
Require laborious No hydraulic analysis to commissioning determine required appropriate valve setting, adjustment of valve setting has to be performed and verified locally at the valve which is prone to error
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Summary (cont)
Traditional system: Constant flow balancing valve in valve in series series with control with control valve valve Energy efficiency Waste energy due to high initial full load control valve pressure loss and inability to capture reduced system resistance at partial load Nil Same as the case of Traditional system of balancing valve in series with control valve but with additional energy consumption due to balancing valve resistance Nil Dynamic system: 3-in-1 dynamic balancing control valve Energy saving due to low initial full load control valve pressure loss and ability to capture reduced system resistance at partial load Yes.
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Summary (cont)
Traditional system: Balancing valve in series with Control valve System Performance Indirect relationship of space temperature control signal to chilled water flow rate and inferior modulating capability under partial load condition Constant Flow valve in series with Control valve Do not have system resistance balancing function and hence performance is inferior to traditional commissioning valve Dynamic system: 3-in-1 Dynamic Balancing Control valve Superior control performance due to direct relationship of space temperature control signal to chilled water flow rate and satisfactory modulating capability under partial load condition
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Thank You! Thank You! Question and Answer Question and Answer
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