Üç Kademeli Reduktor Tasarımı (Ufuk ÇOBAN)

Ufuk OBAN 2007485019
Melih EREZ 2006508025

1

Proje Ad:3 kademeli Helisel Dili Redktr
Tasarm

E.Melih EREZ 2006508025
Proje kodu:

2
indekiler

1)Redktr tantm .. 2
2)Redktrn farkl alardan gsterimi... 3-8
3)Tasarlanan redktrn zelikleri... 9
4) evrim orannn belirlenmesi.. 10
5)Hata tespiti ve moment deiimi.. 11
6)1. kademe hesab ve boyutlandrlmas .. 12-13
7) 2. kademe hesab ve boyutlandrlmas .. 14-16
8) 3. kademe hesab ve boyutlandrlmas .. 17-18
9) D kuvvetlerin hesab . .. 19-20
10) Mil ap hesab ve moment diyagramlar.. 21-33
11) Yatak seimi .... 34-37
12) Kama kontrol ... 38-39
13) k mili rulman ANSYS analizi ve sonular 40-52
14)Kaynaka 53

3

REDKTR TANITIMI

Redktrler vites kutularyla birlikte dili ark sistemlerinden paralel dili dizilerinin bir
elemandr.Konstrktif bakmdan redktrler, gvde iine yerletirilmi dili arklar, miller, yataklar v.s.
gibi elemanlardan oluan sistemlerdir. Akademik olarak tanm:Elektrik Motorlarnn yksek dn
hzlarn makineler iin gerekli olan dn hzlarna drmek iin dizayn edilen sistemleridir.

1)eitli konumlarda bulunan miller arasnda hareket ve g iletmek,
2)eitli dnme ynleri elde etmek,
3)Kk bir hacimde byk bir evrim oran elde etmek,
4)ki dndrlen elemandan oluan sistemlerde bu iki eleman arasnda hareket bakmndan bamszlk
salamak.

Redktrlerde nemli parametreler tm dili sistemlerinde olduu gibi redktrlerde de evrim
oran ile beraber dnme yn de nemlidir.Bu bakmdan dndren ve dndrlen elemanlarn dnme
ynleri birbirine gre ters olduu durumda (-) iareti, ayn ynde olduu durumda (+) iareti ile gsterilir.
Redktrlerde sistemi oluturan herhangi bir dilinin di says evrim orann etkiler.Bu kural tm
paralel dili dizileri iin geerlidir.ki diliden oluan bir mekanizma birey olarak kabul edilirse,
redktr oluturan mekanizmalarn says, hzn ka kez deitiini yani redktrn kademelerini
gsterir.

Dili arklar dnen bir milden dier mile momentle hareketi iletirler. Dililer eksenleri paralel
olaca gibi eksenleri kesiebilir. Dili arklar evrim oran ( i ) > 1 ise hz azaltc yani redktr, evrim
oran ( i ) < 1 ise hz azaltc, eer evrim oran ( i ) = 1 ise sadece hareketi iletirler.

Tahrik edilen makinenin karakteristik zellikleri ok iyi bilinirse uygun Redktr seimi
yaplabilir. Redktrlerde kullanlan yalarn belli bir kalitede olmas gerekmektedir. Redktrde
bulunan paralar belli bir zaman sonunda sklp bakm yapldktan sonra temizlenerek montaj
yaplmaldr.

Redktr A tipi a=140 b=166 c=157 mm uzunluunda olan 0.17 PS gcnde 1500 d/dak giri
devrinde 31,5 d/dak k devrine sahiptir . Dili kutusu gvdesi dkme demirden imal edilecektir.
4

ekil 1 sometric Grn

5

ekil 2:sometrik grn

6

ekil 3:st grn

7

ekil 4:n grn

8

ekil 5:Yan grn

9

ekil 6:Saydam bak

10

Tasarlanan Redktrn zellikleri

1 . VERLEN BLGLER

VERLENLER=

Giri gc =P
giri
=0,17 PS Kademe says = 3

Giri mil devri =n
g
=1500 devir/dakika 1.Kademe dili tipi = Helisel dili ark

k mil devri =n
=31,5 devir/dakika 2.Kademe dili tipi = Helisel dili ark

3,Kademe dili tipi = Helisel dili ark

BALANGI N SELEN BLGLER

Birinci kademe dililerin malzemesi : C45 (Islah elikleri )
kinci kademe dililerin malzemesi : C45 (Islah elikleri )
nc kademe dililerin malzemesi: C45 (Islah elikleri )

Kademelerin helisel dililerin verimi = q

=0,98

Gvde tipi
E
n

B
k

B
o
y
u
t

a
b
c
A
140 (mm)
166(mm)
157(mm)
11

evrim orannn belirlenmesi:

Toplam evrim Oran

top
=n
giris
/n
k
= 1500/31,5= 47,6
top
= i
1
.i
2
.i
3

evrim orani 30 dan byk olduundan 3 kademeli redktr tasarm yaplr.

ekil 7:evrim oran grafii

4,75<i
1
<5,75
3,75<i
2
<4
Aralndan seilmelidir.

Buna gre boyutlar gz nne alnarak

i
1
=4,5 i
2
=3,5 i
3
=3,02 seildi.

Gerek evrim Oran Tayini
26 4,
15
64
z
z
) (i
1
2
gerek 12
= = = 6 , 3
15
54
z
z
) (i
3
4
gerek 34
= = = 13 , 3
15
47
z
z
) (i
5
6
gerek 56
= = =

12
48 02 , 3 6 , 3 26 , 4 ) (i
gerek top
= =

Hata Tespiti
yzdesi hata edilebiler kabul %3 %0,84 100
47,6
48 6 , 47
100
) (i
) (i ) (i
hata
teo top
ger top teo top
0
0
< =
=

Devir saylar hesab:

Mb(Nm) P n1 n2 n3 n4 n5 n6
0,81169333 0,17 1500 352,1127 352,1127 97,80908 97,80908 31,24891

Moment hesab:
M1(kpmm) M2 M3 M4 M5 M6
81,1693333 338,8657 338,8657 1195,518 1195,518 3667,133

0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
1 2 3 4 5 6
Moment Deiimi
3500
M
o
m
e
n
t
evrimOran

13

Birinci Kademe Hesab

Dili malzemesi olarak C 45 ( su verilmi slah elii) seildi. C 45 eliinin
seilme nedeni tasarlanacak redktr iin mukavemet ve ekonomik ynden uygun olmasdr.
Dili malzemesi sertletirilmi olduu iin mukavemet hesab eilmeye gre yaplr.
3
em
0
2
B k
n
z
cos c M q 2
m

=

q
k
form faktr q
k
=2 (telemesiz dililerin ilk hesabnda alnabilir.)
C
B
- iletme faktr C
B
= 1,75 ( Cetvel 55)
Tahrik ekli: Elektrik Motoru
Tahrik Edilen Makine Tipi: ok Darbeli
- di genilii faktr = 25 ( Cetvel 56)
Diin Yapm Yntemi: Frezede alm veya tralanm, talanm Dilinin Yataklanmas: Dili kutusu
gvdesine iyi yataklanm
o
- helis as
o
= 20 seildi.
z
1
2 . Kademe pinyon dilinin di says z
1
=15 seildi.
em
=
DSG
/ 1,5
DSG
= 16 (kp /mm
2
) yap mukavemeti
em
= 16 /1,5= 10,667kp/mm
2

,
n
P
* 7162 = M
kpmm 81,16 [Nm] 0,81169
1500
0,17
* 7162 M
1
= = =

3
em
0
2
B k
n1
z
cos c M q 2
m

= (1.kademinin modl)
seildi. 1 m 0,5005
10,166 15 25
20 cos 2 81,16 2 2
m
n1
3
2
n1
= =

= (Dili ark Standart Modlleri)

seildi. di 64 9 63 26 4 15
1 1 2
= = = , , i z z

14

Birinci Kademe Boyutlandrma

Blm dairesi ap

Pinyon
mm ,
m z
d 96 15
20 cos
1 15
cos
0
1 1
1 0
=
=

ark
mm ,
m z
d 10 68
20 cos
1 64
cos
0
2 2
2 0
=
=

Di Ba dairesi ap

Pinyon

mm , , ) x ( d d
o k
96 17 1 2 96 15 1 1 2
1 1 1
= + = + + =

ark
mm , , ) x ( d d
o k
10 70 1 2 10 68 1 1 2
2 2 2
= + = + + =

Di dibi dairesi ap

Pinyon
mm , ) , ( , ) m x (h d d
n kw f
46 13 1 25 1 2 96 15 2
1 01 1
= = =

ark
mm , ) x , .( - , ) m x (h d d
n kw f
10 70 1 25 1 2 10 68 2
1 01 1
= = =

Aln Kavrama As
0,3695rad 21,17
cos20
tan20
cos
tan
tan
0
so
so
= = = =

letme kavrama as

so
evo o = +
+
+
=
sb so no
2 1
2 1
sb
ev ; ev tan
z z
x x
2 ev
15
so sb
o o =

Yuvarlanma dairesi apBlm dairesi ap

Aks aral
mm 42
2
68,10 15,9
2
d d
a
o2 o1
0
=
+
=
+
=
Di ba boluu:

mm ,
, ,
,
d d
a S
f k
k
25 0
2
60 65 96 17
03 42
2
2 1
=
+
=
+
=

Normal kesitte bolum dairesi zerinde di kalnl:

Pinyon ve ark
2 1 1
57 1
2
1
2
no no
S mm ,

m S = = = =

Aln dairesi zerinde di kalnl

Pinyon:

mm 67 , 1
20 cos
57 , 1
cos
0
1
1
= = =
|
no
so
S
S

ark :
mm 67 , 1
20 cos
57 , 1
cos
0
2
2
= = =
|
no
so
S
S

Di genilii:

Pinyon mm x m b 12 1 12 = = =

ark mm - 9 3 12 =

kinci Kademe Hesab

3
em
0
2
B k
n
z
cos c M q 2
m

=
16

q
k
form faktr q
k
C
B
- iletme faktr C
B
= 1,75 ( Cetvel 55)
o
- helis as
o
= 20 seildi.
z
3
2. Kademe pinyon dilinin di says z
3
=15 seildi.
em
=
DSG
/ 1,5
DSG
= 16 (kp /mm
2
) yap mukavemeti
em
= 16 /1,5= 10,667kp/mm
2

q =
1 1 2
M M
3 2 2
86 338 26 4 98 0 16 81 7162 M kpmm M , , , , , M
n
P
* M = = = =

cos 2
3
3
0
2
3
2
em
B k
n
z
c M q
m

seildi. 1 m 0,5005
10,166 15 25
20 cos 2 338,86 2 2
m
n2
3
2
n2
= =

seildi. di 54 54 6 , 3 15
2 3 4
= = = i z z

kinci Kademe Boyutlandrma

Blm dairesi ap

Pinyon
mm ,
m z
d 96 15
20 cos
1 15
cos
0
3 3
3 0
=
=

ark
mm ,
m z
d 46 57
20 cos
1 54
cos
0
4 4
4 0
=
=
Di Ba dairesi ap

Pinyon

17
mm , , ) x ( d d
o k
96 17 1 2 96 15 1 1 2
3 3 3
= + = + + =

ark
mm , , ) x ( d d
o k
46 59 1 2 46 57 1 1 2
4 4 4
= + = + + =

Di dibi dairesi ap

Pinyon
mm , ) , ( , ) m x (h d d
n kw f
46 13 1 25 1 2 96 15 2
3 03 3
= = =

ark
mm , ) x , .( - , ) m x (h d d
n kw f
96 55 1 25 1 2 46 57 2
4 04 4
= = =

Aln Kavrama As
rad , ,
so
so
3695 0 17 21
20 cos
20 tan
cos
tan
tan
0
= = = =

letme kavrama as (teleme)

so sb so no sb
ev ; ev ev
z z
x x
ev = +
+
+
= tan 2
4 3
4 3

mm x
x
x x
mm z z
ev ev
x x
ev
ev
ev ev
ramaaam iletmeka

o
o b
b b b
b
o
b
275 , 0
0
275 , 0
275 , 0 ) 54 15 (
20 tan 2
014904 , 0 017812174 , 0
) (
tan 2
017812 , 0 tan
014904 , 0
180
20 20 20 tan ) 20 (
) 20 ( 20 tan
54 15
37 714 , 36
2
) ( 18 , 21 '
932 , 0 ' cos
' cos ' ) cos(
37 , 714 , 36
4
3
4 3
4 3 4 3
0
0
0 0
0 0
=
=
= +
= +
= +
= +
= =
= =
+
+
=
=
=
=
= =
o
o o
o o o
t
o
o
o
o o


Aks aral
mm ,
, , d d
a
o o
714 36
2
46 57 96 15
2
4 3
02
=
+
=
+
= =37 mm kabul edildi.
18

Di ba boluu:

mm ,
,
d d
a S
f k
k
25 0
2
96 , 54 96 17
714 , 36
2
4 3
02
=
+
=
+
=


Pinyon ve ark
4 2 3
57 1
2
1
2
no no
S mm ,

m S = = = =

Di genilii:

Pinyon mm x m b 12 1 15 = = =

ark mm - 12 3 15 =

nc Kademe Hesab

3
em
0
2
B k
n
z
cos c M q 2
m

=

q
k
form faktr q
k
C
B
- iletme faktr C
B
= 1,75 ( Cetvel 55)
o
- helis as
o
= 20 seildi.
z
5
3. Kademe pinyon dilinin di says z
5
=15 seildi.
em
=
DSG
/ 1,5
DSG
= 16 (kp /mm
2
) yap mukavemeti
em
= 16 /1,5= 10,667kp/mm
2

19
q =
2 3 4
M M

5 4 4
518 , 1195 6 , 3 98 0 86 , 338 7162 M kpmm M , , M
n
P
* M = = = =

cos 2
3
5
0
2
5
3
em
B k
n
z
c M q
m

seildi. 1,5 m 1,22
10,166 15 25
20 cos 2 1195,518 2 2
m
n3
3
2
n3
= =

seildi. di 47 95 , 46 13 , 3 15
3 5 6
= = = i z z

nc Kademe Boyutlandrma

Blm dairesi ap

Pinyon
mm
m z
d 94 , 23
20 cos
5 , 1 15
cos
0
3 5
5 0
=
=

ark
mm
m z
d 02 , 75
20 cos
5 , 1 47
cos
0
3 6
6 0
=
=
Di Ba dairesi ap

Pinyon

mm ) x ( d d
o k
94 , 26 5 , 1 2 94 , 23 1 5 , 1 2
5 5 5
= + = + + =

ark
mm ) x ( d d
o k
02 , 78 5 , 1 2 02 , 75 5 , 1 5 , 1 2
6 6 6
= + = + + =
Di dibi dairesi ap

Pinyon
mm ) , ( , ) m x (h d d
n kw f
19 , 20 5 , 1 25 1 2 96 15 2
3 5 05 5
= = =

ark
mm ) x , .( - ) m x (h d d
n kw f
27 , 71 5 , 1 25 1 2 02 , 75 2
3 6 06 6
= = =

Aln Kavrama As
20
rad , ,
so
so
3695 0 17 21
20 cos
20 tan
cos
tan
tan
0
= = = =

letme kavrama as

so sb so no sb
ev ; ev ev
z z
x x
ev = +
+
+
= tan 2
6 5
6 5

so sb
=

Aks aral
mm ,
, , d d
a
o o
5 49
2
02 75 96 15
2
6 5
03
=
+
=
+
=
Di ba boluu:

mm ,
d d
a S
f k
k
375 0
2
27 , 71 94 , 26
5 , 49
2
6 5
03
=
+
=
+
=


Pinyon ve ark
5 3 4
35 , 2
2
5 , 1
2
no no
S mm

m S = = = =

Di genilii:

Pinyon mm x m b 5 , 22 5 , 1 15 = = =

ark mm - 20 5 , 2 5 , 22 =

do1 do2 dk1 dk2 df1 df2 a
0

s
k Di
boluu
b (Di genilii)(mm)
15,9626068 68,10712 17,96261 70,10712 13,46261 65,60712 42,03486 0,25 25
0

s
k Di
boluu
b (Di genilii)(mm)
15,9626068 57,46538 17,96261 59,46538 13,46261 54,96538 36,714 0,25 25
0

s
k Di
boluu
b (Di genilii)(mm)
23,9439102 75,02425 26,94391 78,02425 20,19391 71,27425 49,48408 0,375 37,5

Di kuvvetlerin hesaplanmas:
21

Teetsel kuvvetler:Pinyonda dn ynne ters ynde ,arkta ise dn ynndedir.
Radyal kuvvetler:Radyal kuvvetlerin ynleri iki dilinin temas noktasndan merkezlerine dorudur.
Eksenel kuvvetler:Pinyon sa helis ise sa elimizi parmaklarmz dn ynn gsterecek ekilde
pinyonun aln yzeyine koyarz .Ba parmamz pinyona gelen eksenel kuvvetin ynn gsterir.Sol
helis pinyon iin ayn ilem sol el ile yaplr.arka gelen kuvvetler pinyonun tersidir.

1. kademe Di Kuvvetlerini Bulunmas :
daN , F F daN ; ,
,
,
d
M
F
t t
d
t
95 9 95 9
10 68
86 338 2 2
2 1
0
1
= = =
=
daN F daN , ,
) (
F F
r
no
t r
85 , 3 F ; 85 3
20 cos
20 tan
95 9
cos
tan
2 r1
0
1 1
= = = = =
daN , F daN; F , , F F
a a t a
62 3 62 3 20 tan 95 9 tan
2 1 0 1 1
= = = = =


daN F F daN ;
d
M
F
t t
d
t
6 , 41 6 , 41
46 , 57
518 , 1195 2 2
4 3
04
3
= = =
=
daN F daN
) (
F F
r
no
t r
16,11 F ; 11 , 16
20 cos
20 tan
6 , 41
cos
tan
4 r3
0
3 3
= = = = =
daN F daN; F F F
a a t a
14 , 15 14 , 15 20 tan 6 , 41 tan
4 3 0 3 3
= = = = =

daN F F daN ;
d
M
F
t t
d
t
75 , 97 75 , 97
02 , 75
7 , 3666 2 2
6 5
06
5
= = =
=
daN F daN
) (
F F
r
no
t r
86 , 37 F ; 86 , 37
20 cos
20 tan
75 , 97
cos
tan
6 r5
0
5 5
= = = = =
daN F daN; F F F
a a t a
58 , 35 58 , 35 20 tan 75 , 97 tan
6 5 0 5 5
= = = = =

22
Ft1 (daN) Ft2 Ft3
9,95096318 41,60829 97,7586

Fr1 Fr2 Fr3
3,85429597 16,1161 37,86473

Fa1 Fa2 Fa3
3,62185358 15,14418 35,58121

Mil ap hesabnda kullanlan formller:

Miller Sodernberg prensibine gre aadaki formller kullanlarak hesaplanacaktr.

Statik ykleme

5 , 1 d , ) (
32
kabul
3
2
1
2 2
= +
=
statik B E
AK
d M M
s
d
o t

Dinamik zorlanma (yorulma) iin
) ( ) (
32
3
2
1
2 2
(
=
D
B
AK
E
M M s
d
o o t

Srekli mukavemet snr;
f e d g b y D D
k k k k k k = '
'
o o

Giri mili(1.mil )Boyutlandrlmas

z-y dzlemi

= = daN dan B M
y A
46 , 5 0
= = daN , dan A F
y y
02 5 0

z-x dzlemi

= = daN dan B M
x A
11 , 2 0
= = daN dan A F
x X
2 , 0 0

23

z-y dzlemi

y
B

y
A
B
A

y
z
24,5 mm
A
F
ty ry
F F +
122,9

133,81
24,5 mm
Sol helis
M
zy

24
4,9

-51,82

z-x dzlemi

Eilme momenti :
2 2
) ( ) (
Ezy Ezx egilme
M M M + =

daN mm , ) , ( ) , ( M
egilme
5 143 82 51 81 131
2 2
= + =
Burulma Momenti:
daN mm ,
,
,
d
F M
t burulma
401 79
2
96 15
95 9
2
= = =

Statik mil apna gre :
B
x

A
x

F
tx

z
x
F
rx

F
a

Sol helis
M
zx

25

5 , 1 d , ) (
32
kabul
3
2
1
2 2
= +
=
statik B E
AK
d M M
s
d
o t

r seilmie St70 malzemesi Mil 5 , 1 d , ) 401 , 79 5 , 143 (
36
32
kabul
3 2
1
2 2
= +
=
statik
d
s
d
t

bulunur. , d 52 4 =

mm , , , d
kabul
78 6 5 1 52 4 = =

f e d g b y D D
k k k k k k = '
'
o o

2
daN/mm 12
2
1
1 1 1 1 75 , 0 32 = =
D
o

mm 6,27 d
)
12
401 , 79
( )
36
98 , 142
(
32
3
2
1
2 2
=
(
=
t
s
d

d mil ap 7 mm olarak bulundu.

2.Mil Boyutlandrlmas

z-y dzlemi

= = daN dan C M
y c
17 , 7 0
= = daN dan D F
y y
77 , 33 0

26
F
r

491,3

193
177,03
130,85
z
y
D
y

15,5 mm
F
a2

M
zy

F
a1

F
ty+
F
ry

36 mm C
y

18,25 mm
27
z
186,69
428
643,6
M
zx

z-x dzlemi

= = daN dan C M
x C
23 , 10 0
= = daN dan D F
x x
75 , 53 0

Eilme momenti :
x
36 mm
C
x

18,25 mm
D
x

15,5 mm
F
a1
F
tx

F
t2

28
2 2
) ( ) (
Ezy Ezx egilme
M M M + =

daN mm ) ( ) ( M
egilme
6 , 809 3 , 491 6 , 643
2 2
= + =

Burulma Momenti:
daN mm
, d
F M
t burulma
968 , 331
2
96 15
6 , 41
2
= = =


5 , 1 d , ) (
32
kabul
3
2
1
2 2
= +
=
statik B E
AK
d M M
s
d
o t

tir C45seilmi malzemesi Mil 5 , 1 d , ) 968 , 331 6 , 809 (
36
32
kabul
3 2
1
2 2
= +
=
statik
d
s
d
t

bulunur. d 63 , 7 =

mm , d
kabul
75 , 11 5 1 63 , 7 = =

f e d g b y D D
k k k k k k = '
'
o o

2
daN/mm 5 , 13
5 , 1
1
1 1 1 9 , 0 75 , 0 30 = =
D
o

mm 10,72 d
)
5 , 13
968 , 331
( )
40
98 , 142
(
32
3
2
1
2 2
=
(
=
t
s
d


29
z
F
A3
F
A2

M
zy

Sol helis


z-y dzlemi

= = daN dan F M
y E
54 , 39 0
= = daN dan E F
y y
14 , 2 0

z-x dzlemi

= = daN dan E M
x E
23 , 10 0
= = daN dan F F
x x
71 , 56 0

41,73

840,88
911,67

y
F
r2

F
ry

19,5 mm

64 mm
23,25
mm
F
ty

E
F
Sol helis
30
z
x
19,5mm
E
x

1205,3
512,77
207,28
M
zx

1336,68

Eilme momenti :
2 2
) ( ) (
Ezy Ezx egilme
M M M + =
F
x

23,25mm
64mm
F
t2

F
rx
+Frx
E Fa3
Sol helis Sol helis
31

daN mm ) ( ) ( M
egilme
7 , 1799 3 , 1205 68 , 1336
2 2
= + =

Burulma Momenti:
daN mm
d
F M
t burulma
06 , 1170
2
94 , 23
75 , 97
2
= = =


5 , 1 d , ) (
32
kabul
3
2
1
2 2
= +
=
statik B E
AK
d M M
s
d
o t

seildi.
16MNCr5 malzemesi Mil 5 , 1 d ) 06 , 1170 7 , 1799 (
60
2 32
kabul
3 2
1
2 2
= +
=
statik
d d
t

bulunur. d 99 , 8 =

mm , d
kabul
49 , 13 5 1 99 , 8 = =

f e d g b y D D
k k k k k k = '
'
o o

2
daN/mm 85 , 14
2
1
1 1 1 9 , 0 75 , 0 44 = =
D
o

mm 13,57 d
)
85 , 14
66 , 1170
( )
60
7 , 1799
(
32
3
2
1
2 2
=
(
=
t
s
d


32
K
L
143,42
1697,19


z-y dzlemi

= = daN dan K M
y k
821 , 4 0
= = daN dan lL F
y y
62 , 52 0

z-x dzlemi

= = daN dan K M
x k
61 , 80 0
= = daN dan L F
x x
07 , 7 0

z
y
F
a3

K
y
L
y

62
29,75
F
ty

F
ry

M
zy

33
z
x
F
tx
+F
rx

K L
228,12
2398,14

Eilme momenti :
2 2
) ( ) (
Ezy Ezx egilme
M M M + =

daN mm ) ( ) ( M
egilme
89 , 2937 , 1697 14 , 2398
2 2
= + =

Burulma Momenti:
daN mm
d
F M
t burulma
6 , 3666
2
02 , 75
75 , 97
2
= = =

L
x

F
a3

M
zx

34

5 , 1 d , ) (
32
kabul
3
2
1
2 2
= +
=
statik B E
AK
d M M
s
d
o t

bulunur. d 5 , 12 =

mm , d
kabul
75 , 18 5 1 5 , 12 = =

f e d g b y D D
k k k k k k = '
'
o o

2
daN/mm 35 , 11
2
1
1 1 1 9 , 0 75 , 0 33 = =
D
o

mm 17,74 d
)
35 , 11
66 , 1170
( )
49
7 , 1799
(
32
3
2
1
2 2
=
(
=
t
s
d


5 , 1 d , ) 6 , 3666 89 , 2937 (
49
2 32
kabul
3 2
1
2 2
= +
=
statik
d d
t
Mil malzemesi C60 seilmitir.
35
Yatak seimi:

1.mil iin yatak seimi

A yata sabit bilyal

3
N
3
H
L
3
100
f ,
500
L
f
n f
f
F C
N
L
= = =
R
F F =

2 , 4014 6000
281 , 0
1500 3
100
f , 2,88
500
12000
500
L
f N 597
281 , 0
88 , 2
83 , 5
3
N
3 3
H
L
>
>
=
= = = = = =
hesap tablo
hesap
C C
C

716 , 0
05 , 5
62 , 3
F
F
; 034 , 0
104
62 , 3
r
a
= = = =
o
a
C
F
233 , 0 0,24 04 , 0
e 034 , 0
0,22 025 , 0
= e sonucu terasyon

uygundur. rulman numaralar 607 47 , 99 255
C
daN 47 , 99
281 , 0
88 , 2
706 , 9 C
daN 706 , 9 62 , 3 9 , 1 05 , 5 56 , 0 X F
1,9 Y 0,56 X
F
F
tablo
hesap
r
a
FAG
C
F Y F
e
hesap
a r
>
>
= =
= + = + =
= = >

Fa Fr
A - 5,83

B 3,62 5,05
36


D yata sabit bilyal

3
N
3
H
L
3
100
f ,
500
L
f
n f
f
F C
N
L
= = =
R
F F =

2 , 4014 6000
455 , 0
11 , 352 3
100
f , 2,88
500
12000
500
L
f daN 401,42
455 , 0
88 , 2
42 , 63 3
N
3 3
H
L
>
>
=
= = = = = =
hesap tablo
hesap
C C
C

923 , 0
47 , 12
52 , 11
F
F
; 0,244 e sonucu terasyon 044 , 0
260
52 , 11
r
a
= = = = =
o
a
C
F

uygundur. rulman numaralar 6001 59 , 141 600
C
daN 59 , 141
455 , 0
88 , 2
37 , 27 C
daN 37 , 27 52 , 11 9 , 1 47 , 12 56 , 0 X F
1,77 Y 0,56 X
F
F
tablo
hesap
r
a
FAG
C
F Y F
e
hesap
a r
>
>
= =
= + = + =
= = >

Fa Fr
C 11,52 12,47

D - 63,42
37


F yata sabit bilyal

3
N
3
H
L
3
100
f ,
500
L
f
n f
f
F C
N
L
= = =
R
F F =

2 , 2857 6000
698 , 0
8 , 97 3
100
f , 2,88
500
12000
500
L
f daN 285,7
698 , 0
88 , 2
3 , 69 3
N
3 3
H
L
>
>
=
= = = = = =
hesap tablo
hesap
C C
C

95 , 1
84 , 10
44 , 20
F
F
285
44 , 20
r
a
= = = = =
o
a
C
F

uygundur. rulman numaralar 16002 37,548 560
C
daN 37,548
95 , 1
88 , 2
548 , 37 C
daN 548 , 37 44 , 20 54 , 1 84 , 10 56 , 0 X F
1,54 Y 0,56 X
F
F
tablo
hesap
r
a
FAG
C
F Y F
e
hesap
a r
>
>
= =
= + = + =
= = >

Fa Fr
E 20,44 10,84

F - 69,3
38


F yata sabit bilyal

3
N
3
H
L
3
100
f ,
500
L
f
n f
f
F C
N
L
= = =
R
F F =

2280 6000
02 , 1
24 , 31 3
100
f , 2,88
500
12000
500
L
f daN 228
02 , 1
88 , 2
75 , 80 3
N
3 3
H
L
>
>
=
= = = = = =
hesap tablo
hesap
C C
C

670 , 0
09 , 53
58 , 35
F
F
405
58 , 35
r
a
= = = = =
o
a
C
F

uygundur. rulman numaralar 16004 238,65 695
C
daN 238,65
02 , 1
88 , 2
52 , 84 C
daN 52 , 84 58 , 35 54 , 1 09 , 53 56 , 0 X F
1,54 Y 0,56 X
F
F
tablo
hesap
r
a
FAG
C
F Y F
e
hesap
a r
>
>
= =
= + = + =
= = >

Ucuz ve montaj kolay olduu iin VersaChem MEGA- BLUE SILICONE Yksek Is- Mavi
Silikon Conta[
1
] szdrmazlk iin kullanlmtr.

Fa Fr
K - 80,75
L 35,58 53,09
39

Kama Kontrol:

Giri Mili (1.mil ) Kama Kontrol

Yzey basncna gre :
2
/ 449 , 1
7 16 2
16 , 81 4 4
mm daN
d l h
Md
P =

=
2
daN/mm 75 , 6 5 , 0 75 , 0
2
36
= = =
e y
AK
em
k k
s
P
o

P<
em
P olduuna gre yzey basnc asndan emniyetlidir.

Makaslama:
2
2
/ 375 , 3 1 5 , 0 75 , 0
2
18
/ 724 , 0
7 16 2
16 , 81 2 2
mm daN k k k
s
mm daN
d l b
M
b e y
Ak
em
d
= = =
=

=
t
t
t

t <
em
t olduuna gre makaslama asndan emniyetlidir.

Ara mil (2.mil ) Kama Kontrol :

Yzey basncna gre :

2
/ 034 , 4
12 14 2
86 , 338 4 4
mm daN
d l h
Md
P =

=
2
daN/mm 77 , 21
5 , 1
1
75 , 0
2
49
= = =
e y
AK
em
k k
s
P
o

P<
em
Makaslama:

2
2
/ 51 , 5 9 , 0
5 , 1
1
75 , 0
2
2 / 49
/ 017 , 2
12 14 2
86 , 338 2 2
mm daN k k k
s
mm daN
d l b
M
b e y
Ak
em
d
= = =
=

=
t
t
t

t <
em

40
Ara mil (3.mil ) Kama Kontrol :

Yzey basncna gre :

2
1
/ 15 , 2
15 25 3
518 , 1195 4 4
mm daN
d l h
Md
P =

=
2
2
/ 79 , 3
15 14 3
518 , 1195 4 4
mm daN
d l h
Md
P =

=

2
daN/mm 25 , 11
2
1
75 , 0
2
60
= = =
e y
AK
em
k k
s
P
o

1
P ,
2
P <
em

Makaslama:

2
2
2
2
1
/ 51 , 5 9 , 0
5 , 1
1
75 , 0
2
2 / 49
/ 1,89
15 14 3
518 , 1195 4 2
/ 1,075
15 25 3
518 , 1195 4 2
mm daN k k k
s
mm daN
d l b
M
mm daN
d l b
M
b e y
Ak
em
d
d
= = =
=

=
=

=
t
t
t
t

1
t ,
2
t <
em

k mili (4.mil ) Kama Kontrol :

Yzey basncna gre :

2
/ 66 , 6
20 22 5
7 , 3666 4 4
mm daN
d l h
Md
P =

=
2
daN/mm 9,18
2
1
75 , 0
2
49
= = =
e y
AK
em
k k
s
P
o

P<
em
Makaslama:
2
2
/ 13 , 4 9 , 0
2
1
75 , 0
2
2 / 49
/ 3,33
20 22 5
7 , 3666 2 2
mm daN k k k
s
mm daN
d l b
M
b e y
Ak
em
d
= = =
=

=
t
t
t

t <
em
41

k mili rulman analizi

Units
TABLE 1
Unit System Metric (mm, kg, N, C, s, mV, mA)
Angle Degrees
Rotational Velocity rad/s
42
Model
Geometry
TABLE 2
Model > Geometry
Object Name Geometry
State Fully Defined
Definition
Source
C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop\son\Yeni klasr2\Radial Ball
Bearing_68_AS.sldprt
Type SolidWorks
Length Unit Meters
Element Control Program Controlled
Display Style Part Color
Bounding Box
Length X 14, mm
Length Y 46,958 mm
Length Z 47, mm
Properties
Volume 13472 mm
Mass 0,10576 kg
Statistics
Bodies 1
Active Bodies 1
Nodes 8686
Elements 4215
Preferences
Import Solid Bodies Yes
Import Surface Bodies Yes
Import Line Bodies Yes
Parameter Processing Yes
Personal Parameter Key DS
CAD Attribute Transfer No
Named Selection Processing No
Material Properties Transfer No
CAD Associativity Yes
Import Coordinate Systems No
Reader Save Part File No
Import Using Instances Yes
Do Smart Update No
Attach File Via Temp File No
Analysis Type 3-D
Mixed Import Resolution None
Enclosure and Symmetry
Processing
Yes
TABLE 3
Model > Geometry > Parts
Object Name Radial Ball Bearing_68_AS
43
State Meshed
Graphics Properties
Visible Yes
Transparency 1
Definition
Suppressed No
Material Structural Steel
Stiffness Behavior Flexible
Nonlinear Material Effects Yes
Bounding Box
Length X 14, mm
Length Y 46,958 mm
Length Z 47, mm
Properties
Volume 13472 mm
Mass 0,10576 kg
Centroid X 1,0698e-005 mm
Centroid Y 1,6919e-004 mm
Centroid Z 7,346e-005 mm
Moment of Inertia Ip1 35,958 kgmm
Statistics
Nodes 8686
Elements 4215
Mesh
TABLE 4
Model > Mesh
Object Name Mesh
State Solved
Defaults
Physics Preference Mechanical
Relevance 0
Advanced
Relevance Center Coarse
Element Size Default
Shape Checking Standard Mechanical
Solid Element Midside Nodes Program Controlled
Straight Sided Elements No
Initial Size Seed Active Assembly
Smoothing Low
Transition Fast
Statistics
Nodes 8686
Elements 4215
44
Static Structural
TABLE 5
Model > Analysis
Object Name Static Structural
State Fully Defined
Definition
Physics Type Structural
Analysis Type Static Structural
Options
Reference Temp 22, C
TABLE 6
Model > Static Structural > Analysis Settings
Object Name Analysis Settings
State Fully Defined
Step Controls
Number Of Steps 1,
Current Step Number 1,
Step End Time 1, s
Auto Time Stepping Program Controlled
Solver Controls
Solver Type Program Controlled
Weak Springs Program Controlled
Large Deflection Off
Inertia Relief Off
Nonlinear Controls
Force Convergence Program Controlled
Moment Convergence Program Controlled
Displacement
Convergence
Program Controlled
Rotation Convergence Program Controlled
Line Search Program Controlled
Output Controls
Calculate Stress Yes
Calculate Strain Yes
Calculate Results At All Time Points
Analysis Data Management
Solver Files Directory
C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\Project Simulation Files\Static Structural
(2)\
Future Analysis None
Save ANSYS db No
Delete Unneeded Files Yes
Nonlinear Solution No
TABLE 7
Model > Static Structural > Loads
Object Name Fixed Support Force Force 2 Fixed Support 2
State Fully Defined
Scope
45
Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Geometry 1 Face
Definition
Type Fixed Support Force Fixed Support
Suppressed No
Define By Components Vector
X Component 0, N (ramped)
Y Component -355,8 N (ramped)
Z Component 0, N (ramped)
Magnitude 355,6 N (ramped)
Direction Defined
FIGURE 1
Model > Static Structural > Force

FIGURE 2
Model > Static Structural > Force 2
46

Solution
TABLE 8
Model > Static Structural > Solution
Object Name Solution
State Solved
Adaptive Mesh Refinement
Max Refinement Loops 1,
Refinement Depth 2,
TABLE 9
Model > Static Structural > Solution > Solution Information
Object Name Solution Information
State Solved
Solution Information
Solution Output Solver Output
Newton-Raphson Residuals 0
Update Interval 2,5 s
Display Points All
TABLE 10
Model > Static Structural > Solution > Results
Object Name Total Deformation Equivalent Stress
State Solved
Scope
Geometry All Bodies
47
Definition
Type Total Deformation Equivalent (von-Mises) Stress
Display Time End Time
Results
Minimum 0, mm 6,7316e-003 MPa
Maximum 2,4914e-004 mm 6,2044 MPa
Information
Time 1, s
Load Step 1
Substep 1
Iteration Number 1
FIGURE 3
Model > Static Structural > Solution > Total Deformation > Figure

FIGURE 4
Model > Static Structural > Solution > Equivalent Stress > Figure
48

TABLE 11
Model > Static Structural > Solution > Fatigue Tools
Object Name Fatigue Tool
State Solved
Materials
Fatigue Strength Factor (Kf) 1,
Loading
Type Fully Reversed
Scale Factor 1,
Definition
Display Time End Time
Options
Analysis Type Stress Life
Mean Stress Theory None
Stress Component Equivalent (Von Mises)
Life Units
Units Name cycles
1 cycle is equal to 1, cycles
49
FIGURE 5
Model > Static Structural > Solution > Fatigue Tool

FIGURE 6
Model > Static Structural > Solution > Fatigue Tool
50

TABLE 12
Model > Static Structural > Solution > Fatigue Tool > Results
Object Name Safety Factor
State Solved
Scope
Geometry All Bodies
Definition
Design Life 1,e+009 cycles
Type Safety Factor
Results
Minimum 13,893
FIGURE 7
Model > Static Structural > Solution > Fatigue Tool > Safety Factor > Figure
51

Material Data
Structural Steel
TABLE 13
Structural Steel > Constants
Structural
Young's Modulus 2,e+005 MPa
Poisson's Ratio 0,3
Density 7,85e-006 kg/mm
Thermal Expansion 1,2e-005 1/C
Tensile Yield Strength 250, MPa
Compressive Yield Strength 250, MPa
Tensile Ultimate Strength 460, MPa
Compressive Ultimate Strength 0, MPa
Thermal
Thermal Conductivity 6,05e-002 W/mmC
Specific Heat 434, J/kgC
52
Electromagnetics
Relative Permeability 10000
Resistivity 1,7e-004 Ohmmm
FIGURE 8
Structural Steel > Alternating Stress

TABLE 14
Structural Steel > Alternating Stress > Property Attributes
Interpolation Log-Log
Mean Curve Type Mean Stress
TABLE 15
Structural Steel > Alternating Stress > Alternating Stress Curve Data
Mean Value MPa
0,
TABLE 16
Structural Steel > Alternating Stress > Alternating Stress vs. Cycles
Cycles Alternating Stress MPa
10, 3999,
20, 2827,
50, 1896,
100, 1413,
200, 1069,
2000, 441,
10000 262,
53
20000 214,
1,e+005 138,
2,e+005 114,
1,e+006 86,2
FIGURE 9
Structural Steel > Strain-Life Parameters

TABLE 17
Structural Steel > Strain-Life Parameters > Property Attributes
Display Curve Type Strain-Life
TABLE 18
Structural Steel > Strain-Life Parameters > Strain-Life Parameters
Strength Coefficient MPa 920,
Strength Exponent -0,106
Ductility Coefficient 0,213
Ductility Exponent -0,47
Cyclic Strength Coefficient MPa 1000,
Cyclic Strain Hardening Exponent 0,2

54
Sonu olarak; Eksenel ve radyal yk altnda almaya zorlanan rulman Sonlu elemanlar yntemi
kullanlarak seilen rulmann mukavemet kontrol yaplmtr. Sonulara gre olduka dk
sehime(max=0,00024914 mm) uram ve gvenlik faktr olarak emniyetli kmtr. Yorulma analizi
sonucuna gre rulmann bu ykler altnda emniyetli olduu grlmtr.

KAYNAKA

OKDAY, Makina Elemanlar,stanbul,1984
Akkurt ,M Makine Elemanlar,stanbul ,1994
Makine Elemanlar II Ders kitab
Maktas tablosu
FAG Rulman Katolou
[
1
] http://www.metsan-store.com/Oksim-Bazli,LA_170-2.html

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Ufuk OBAN 2007485019

Melih EREZ 2006508025

=31,5 devir/dakika 2.Kademe dili tipi = Helisel dili ark

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