Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Wm
1
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THE
AMERICAN MANUAL;
CONTAINING
A BRIEF OUTLINE of THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OP POLITICAL POWER, AND THE LAWS OF NATIONS;
A LUCID -EXPOSITION OF THE DTTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF VOTERS, JURORS, AND CIVIL MAGISTRATES
;
WITH
QUESTION'S, DEFINITIONS,
DESIGNED TO DEVELOPE AND STRENGTHEN THE MORAL AND INTELLECTUAL POWERS OF YOUTH, AND IMPART AN ACCURATE KNOWLEDGE OF THE NATURE AND NECESSITY OF POLITICAL WISDOM.
AND THE
PUBLIC:
Prudent
of
Newton
University.
PHILADELPHIA:
GRIGG, ELLIOT
li
<fc
CO.
1848.
TK2.2-.I
TVU
in the
year 1848, by
STEREOTYPED BY
PRINTED BY
T.
J.
FKAN.
P.
K.
AND
G.
COI.MNS.
(2)
PREFACE.
This Volume
ledge of the
is
nature
and necessity of
political
wisdom,
stitution of the
duties
and
and
Civil Magistrates.
If
it
the Philosophy of
own Language,
Union,
excellence
\l
(3)
PUBLISHERS' PREFACE.
The
publishers
commit
this
work
it
them
in the
discharge of their important duties, and reflect the highest honor on their profession. The Author is a laborious practical teacher, of twenty years' experience he has travelled extensively in every
;
view
wants of the schools of the country. He lias ftfeo made many and important improvements in the system of instruction, and we think nothing is hazarded in the assertion that QO&e understand the true character of the schools of the whole Union
and the
real
better, or are
to
the cause of
universal education.
be imperatively demanded. It has all who have carefully examined Many politicians from the leading parties of the country, and it. some of the ablest divines from the prevailing denominations of Christians in the Union, have given it their heartiest approval.
to
the highest
commendation from
It is
intended, both
by us and
it
shall contain
no sentiment that will in the least militate againsl the views of any denomination of Christians, or that shall conflict with the political opinions of the patriotic citizens of any party in our land.
the
make
The
spirit of
the entire
work is of the most patriotic character it advocates the rights and the privileges of the people. It sets forth in vivid light their duties, and the necessity of the universal dissemination of sound education, and the purest principles of patriotism and morality.
fail to
give the
of lan-
command
render the Teacher's Profession delightful, because the plan, carried out, will always be attended with sucto
must tend
at the close of
each day,
========================
in vain.
CONTEXTS.
UB980N
Design of the
I.
tion required in
EducatorsOpposition
final
Work
.utition ol their
Success
Equal
to be
Definitions,
given
Their Apph-
Proin
derived by all from the same Book Thoroughness necessary in Reading Error sometimes printed Some Books to ba shunnedRehectionsAppeal on behalf of proper Education-The American Consti-
LESSON
Definitions and
II.
LESSON
the
VIII.
Svnonvms
not found
Our
Margin,
to he given by the
Scholar Pains
met
Muds
tin*
End
uruuse Thought and favesa ni a Class lo he secured of patting Questions to accomplish Tact necessary in the exnl. lined
Tea
geous
to the
ri
Scholar Pages N
to
III.
principles of Action formed in early Life from the Books studied in SchoolExtensive influence of Teachers on the Destiny ol Mankind Their Labors often inadequately rewardedPlan of rigid Moral and Intellectual Training to be earned out Enthusiasm tor Critical Study thereby excited Consequent Advantages to Society Pages 2124.
LESSON
Political Science
ssity of
IX.
he varied according to
distinct Articulation
tion ine Instructor to commit Errors Purposely, in ordr r that the Scholars
.
may make
>
Anec
Paramount
Lessou Pages
Feature to be made a until well understood iris Rhetorician comprehend what he reads importance of the Reading
:i
.
12-14.
LESSON
An
IV.
Excelan important Study lencies of the National ConstitutionSome knowledge of the Rise and Progress of the Science of Government necessary lor all Far reaching chaOngin of Government Only reliable racter of the Mosaic History Moaccount of the Antediluvian World mentous Events only relatedPaternal Authority the source of GovernmentLongevity of trie AntediluviansConsequent early dense Absolute Sway Population of the World over Families formerly exercised by Fathers Blessings at present enjoyed by us Pages
oral or written Account of the Reading Lesson to he given by the Pupil from Memory improvement of the Learner
24-29.
LESSON
Difference
X.
Application of Words, and Ease and Rapidity of CompositionAt>f the Scholar thus riveted Habit of Precitfa Acc u racy and Immeasurable benefit sion thus acquired thereby accruing to all the Sons and Daughters of "the Laud Pages 14-15.
between Family Law and Law generally Imperfection of early Governments Prevalence of Licentiousness and DepravjtyWickedness destroyed by the Almighty through a Deluge-' Reflection?. Age ol the WorldWise Laws enjoyed by but a small Portion of its inhabitants Noah and his Sons
commanded
LESSON
Judgment of the Teacher
_.
V.
ginal Easterns*,
to be used in simsuppressing, or extending the Marand in illustrating sad vary[>esons Local Prejudices to be thus Plan will not suit every ed application of
the tion of Noah's Descendants, regardless of Almighty's commands, build the lower ol I utility Babel, to make themselves a Name
of their
Scheme A
Lesson for us
ol ol
son
its
of
LanguagesResolution
Primitive Stah
Result
Man's painful
Marginal
Terms
Literary and Sri.-ntir.c '1 hen of Distinction in the varied Use of the same Word pointed out by them Pages 13-17.
LESSON XL
Early Governments not the result of DeliberaInfluence and Dominion acquired in tion re Times bv Men noted for Strength, Bravery, and Skill Nimrod founder of the Primeval Governments desEmpire first
LESSON" VI
Errors to be corrected by the Pu; Answers to be at first porn Attractiveness of the ns
poticHerodotus' sccount ofthe lianking, Dejoces Early Crowns reumsenbed Dominions n\ Monarch*Kings consequently nuBrsl
1
,
|
end Japan
The
Pupil's own Ti. oughts to be elicited Attributes of the Mind to be exercised Exer-
Pages
bina, division of Egypt, examples now existing R iled dan-efrerded r of Rulers Inctaase- Rule, at irped and made, hereditary 34-10.
<
Similar
I
1*
T*T
LESSON
XII.
Ceremonies of Marriage, regulation of Property.and punishment of Crimea, among the Penal Laws at first instituted first. Laws Many Grime* punished extremely severe with Deadi by the Mosaic Code Its tenderness of the irrational Creation Is the Basis Publicity uecessary to of our own Laws authentic EngagementsWriting unknown
Observations
Pages 72-76.
Privateers Ti
XVIII.
on the tendency of
War
LESSON
Origin of the American Constitution K ecmpitulatiou Earl) formed by the People of America for n Defence and Protection Congn
transmitted to Posterity in oral Executive power needed The early Kuler Land assigned to a Magistrate and Pnest every FamilyProhibition to remove Landmarks Title to Lund gained by cultivation
Laws
Difli
..
LESSON
Laws
of
XIII.
in-
verse pervaded by LawAll protected and Condition of Society in restrained by it which human Restrictions would not be needed, impossible under present CircumstancesIncorrectness of a common AsserNon-existence of natural Lition shown berty Human Laws defective and inade-
whole human
rejected not only by the Kins, but by all the Colonies Reasons and Cause Indignation roused by the passage of the S declaration oi Cong Adopts an Address to the Kins:, and Pi ution to ea< h House of Parliament Coogl 1771 Knst recommended by the People of Providence, Rhode Island-
ubsson
xix.
quateThose of God pnrfecl m ail R< Even Americana are not fcoverned by Laws
-
An
prioi
irks
Pages 47-57.
LESSON
Man
XIV.
Declaration -of
imhnlii
V
nniniil
created for Civil Society Causes Which bind Men togetherEach Individual should relinquish the claim of Maintaining and Redressing Personal Kighta and \\ rougs, to AuThe thorities delegated by the Community ablest Minds generally selected to establish Security ami Happiness afforded by Rules l. aw of Nations Christian Commonwealths Based upon ChristianityNot enforced by any Human Tribunal No Courts lor adjusting National disputes Moral obligations disregarded by ancient Empires ami Republics The fame of Koine tarnished by her PerSuperior Moral Character of Modern fidy JSations Additional Remarks Pages
reception by 'he of H
ties Pages
\\r.
Declaration of Independent
102
LESSON
XXII.
<
'
until
all
In
Cle.S
1
of
'i.utedeiatioil.
hist
LESSON XV.
Necessary Divisions of the law of Nations Law of Nations defined Positive or InterApplicanational Law explained at large Lach tion of the two Divisions contrasted Nation at liberty to legislate for itself, provided thai by so doing it does not injure anotherA Stale breaking the Law of Nations liable to attack from all the Rest National Passports National rights of Navigation Agents Ambassadors Paires tvi-ofcl.
LESSON
Envoys
XVI.
Plenipotentiaries Ministers Nature of the distinction between Ambassadors. Envoys, Plenipotentiaries, and Resident Ministers Charges d'Aflaires Consuls Their Business War Its Formalities and LawsDeclaration of The Tax-payer a belligerent as well as the Soldier Difference between Offensive and Defensive War Dangers arising from Military Ambition and RenownPages 66-72.
lie two Periods of the Continental gradually progressive Beginning; of tl tionahtv of the Colonies, and n*e of the General Government Tb< abroad as the " UniW d Mates" Pow< Congress inadequate Amended and e> Pecuniary ed from nine to turn ments of the Country on the return ol A Government of and from the ft Incompetency or the Ann wanted Confederation for managing National Alfiuri demons! rated to Madison, Hamilton, and Liy. Washington in Retirement bruoda H of the Country, and disappointed HopesFirst idea of a Revision of the Articles of Confederation started at Mount Vernon A Convention proposed by Held at Annapolis, with but five S presented Recommends another to met t m Constitution of the I'mted Phdadetphia Mares framed by this Last Remarks Pages
I
'
1U2-1U9.
LESSON XVU.
Nature and Effect of a Blockade Truces and Armistices denned Consequences of a Declaration
5SON
XXIII.
of WarAn
Embargo Letters
of
Violation of the essential Principles of rational Liberty and English Common Law, the nnmediate Cause of the Declaration of Independence Proceedings of Congress pending
CONTENTS.
it" Committee of the Whole" explained in full Extracts from the Journals o: of 1778 Committee of five appointed to prepare the Declaration Bf agreement each draws up a Form independent ot the Others
VI
v-
Jeffe
adop-'ed
in
Revolution exhibited by the .:>n Ail the Excellencies of the EngA uur own Me Revoluin inn-it ->: our tion oo4 nitted to us the Critical ted by their Bravery nation of the S gnera of the Declaration nf them by Emissaries
i
from Arrest lal Privilege Free dom from being Questioned for Speech or -Revenue Bills to emanate Veto from the Lower Housi Dun. to be alike throughout the Country Con-
eroe Establish uniform Naturalization Can pass general Bankrupt Lawn la alone to com Money and fix SI indardThe Post -Office and Mad Sen.
vice Copy-lights and Pa'cn's Piracy Declaration and Conduct of War Navv (Government of I .and and Sea Forces Militia Paramounr Authority requisite for the treueral Government Pages 173-182.
of
Their great Merit Americans the present Day should be Friendly la itish brethren British Parliamentary
rowD
ra
LESSON XXXIV.
Prohibitions upon* the Powers of Congress and upon the States--Migration or Import ation Slave-trade Habeas Corpus Off Persons Bills of Attainder Ex Post Facto Laws No Dutv to be laid bo Exports of any Stati No Preference tu be given to Port-s of any Sta'e No Vessel from one State bound to enter, clear, or pay Duties in anorher No Money to be drawn, but in consequence of Appropriations made by Law Exhibit of the State of Public Finances to be published from time to time No Titles off Nobility to be granted Office-holders not allowed to acfrom Foreign Governcept Presents. &c ments Rights of and Restrictions on the States Nothing hut Continental Money Gold and Silver a legal Tender The States not to pass Bills of Attainder, Ex Post Facto
,:i!
of
America-
Pages
118-11'2.
-
>N XXVIU.
intendment of the
Amenca
Commentary on
5S A* XXTX. Derivation the Constitution The Constituof the word " Constitution Fn-land and other Monarchies, depending up^n immemorial Consent of the
it
ze.
is
difficult
Ruled
to an in this
Pist
f
Pnn
:*
it
Comparatively
I
the Constitution
Laws, and Laws impairing Contracts Not to grant Titles of Mobility In extremity can wage Defensive War Executive Department Vice-President Remarks President Rule for finding t tie Name ^t any Congress Actual mode of electing Executive Magis-
tratesPages
182*
Bomber
Oatt
<
of
Men and
i
LESSON XXXV.
Duties of the Presidential Flexors Contingency of an Election by the Mouse of Repreprovided Tor Way of Prom Qui of the Doctoral College President and v*we-Pteaident--Salariea Oaths of Office Denunciation-Warning Powers and Duties of the President la niai:der-m- r *hief of the whole Mditarv Can Reprieve and Pardon, but not io Has, io connection with of Impeachment the Senate, the Treaty-making Power, and
hold'try sustained
by
its
LESSON XXX.
Commentary on the Preamble continued Imgh Male and Female Eduport Gorernmenls Tb
i
--The" enComniu<juillity"
See Removes
YXI.
OAo
An
from
--195.
KXvT
of the President,
continued Is
to give
Congreai information of the "State of the I'mori.'" and recommend Measures for the
180-167.
W'H.
Commentary on
Depa
:
lip'
1.
the Constitution
legislative
HI
ntatives
U>".
!
I
iVIitv tO Im-
any
aotl
i
.polar
Impeachm*
haaty Action
par*
A
fontei
law-
peachmen's
Skilful
the Jod
I>
-
a the
Pages
109
Executive and
rs Duties
of
Vlll
the Judiciary Range of
its
CONTENTS.
Powers Judges
Its
their How appointed Duration of only Term on Imof Office Subject to removal Jurisdicpeachment Supreme Court
Treason
Its
to Convict of it Effects of Attainder limited to the Life of the Offender Horrible ancient English Common Law punishment of Trea-
LESSON XLII. Duties and Responsibilities of Jurors Preparatory Mental Discipline an essential thm? to a Juryman General Remarks Two kinds of Junes Grand Juries defined and explainedPreliminary Oaths of their Foremen and Members Extent of their JurisdictionOne Member appointed Secretary, hut DO re cords kept Bills of Indictment supplied by the Attornev-General Secret examination
of
Public Fugitive
RecordsCriminals
of the Territories Amendments to the Constitution provided Public Debt Supremacy of t lit* Constifor Religious Test O.ith of tution and Laws Ratification <>f the Constitution Office
Government
Remarks Pages
Commentary on
2<r2-208.
LESSON XLI11. Subject continued Vigilance and Caution required Presentments Further Explanations and Remarks- Jury of Trials or Petit Jury The Oath Qualifications should be of an equally high order as those of Jury Definition Trial Public Kv be tiist given by the PlaintiffCr nation Challenged Questions decided apou by the B Sumwl ming up of Testimony by the Judgl terpreta'iou of the Law mined by the Jury Pages 245-252.
\[ IV.
Subject continued
Common Law
ancient and
LESSON XW1X.
Houses of the People protected against unreasonable SearchesSpeedy trial guaranteed
accused of "i lint Life not to lie twice jeoparded Other Privileges Jury trial extended to dvil Ca*es Manner of examining Causes once tried, prescribed Piohllntion of excessive Bail ;nid lines, and unusual punishmi ni Rights enumerated do not affect those retained Reservation of Towers Prohibition additional upon the Powers of Present Remarks the Supreme Court Manner of electing the President and VicePresident shown by Article XII Reason {)( the Change Duration of the Constitution General Reflect ions Washington's Farewell Address Extract from Bryant Pages 216to tiiose
Accused
Further
Re-
mark!
J(50.
<
LESSON XLV.
Disclaimer Danger to le apprehended Nothing stationary General Observations
LESSON
XI. VI.
Duties and Responsible Term defined Iinprovemi tion of Society Extracts from others, on the Subje< panvins extracts from earlv English
Pages
96B-376L
225.
LESSON
XLVI1.
Pages
LESSON XL.
Duties and Responsibilities of Voters Popular Phrases rendered obsolete by the peculiar Character of our Institutions Subject considered at Length Reflections Pages 225-
276-282.
LESSONS
Concluding
Xl.VIII.
XUX.
301-3ia
Remarks Pages
282-200-301.
234.
LESSON ILL
Subject continued
Enlightenment necessary Ignorance in any Part detrimental to the Whole Apostrophe Rights of the Minority Party Virulence dangerous Admonition to VotersPages 234-239.
APPENDIX Pages
45-48.
1-54.
THE
AMERICAN MANUAL.
3
. r
cd
3
=
=n
W^
5 "
Q
3
DIRECTIONS, EXPLANATIONS,
AND SUGGESTIONS.
I.
LESSON
This
ers,
'
Work
is
Book.
Primary.
and also
for a text-book in
Elementary
'
Lessons for
practice.
Author's School'
Writer's.
5 books.
use and
It
'
is
easy, however, to
show
their
Exhibit.
Benefit.
advantage.
in
'
Before the
first letter
of some word
every
Each.
Marks.
Termination.
which
the
'
defined, or
line.
synonym
end of the
10
The
pupil, in reading,
its
may
'omit the
marled
Not mention.
Give.
word, and in
synonym:
thus,
"work"
in
the
first 'line,
Row of words
book
is
Public.
a similar
'
man-
Peculiar
wj
ner,
till
finished
After this
'"onipleted.
iVBITItfl
Tlif
I
the Appendix.
To what
different
line, refer]
In
how minv
it
sentences
work
shall
convey a
meaning
What
paragraph
()
and 'name
tences
it
all
compound
in the
'
sen-
contains.
Each word
'
mar-
20 gin
1
may
'
Numerous.
nitions,
synonyms,
the pupils
roots, derivations,
&c,
in
Words
ing.
of
si-
milar meanTold.
Plainest.
given
may
composing the
either
'
Verbally.
Include.
25 which
1
definitions
;"
synonyms
'
thus, "
bought
or
Explanations.
the book
sister,
' '
my
Parent.
Peruses.
" the
librarian
;"
lent
me
volume
;"
"
my
;"
cousins, James,
'
Loaned.
Volume.
Possesses.
the
American 'Manual."
there
will
After a
little
Handy-book.
Training.
practice,
generally
'
be
great
and surprising
Wonderful.
35
skill
'
elicited.
Brought
out.
The
hints:
classes,
preliminary remarks, in the first 8 lessons, are intended merely as For some educators will invariably exercise their own judgment
difference
and under peculiar circumstances, it may be advisable not to use the marginal exercises sometimes only spelling the drfirutwns the synonyms the between the definitions and the synonyms and generally, It would be well for ners, to take but one exercise in the margin at a lesson. the teacher to have some Unabridged Dictionary, and a work on English synonyms, to assist in the explanations and illustrations.
What
in
is
the
meaning of analyze,
mean?
Is
it
What
a
is
a simple sentence?
a
pound sentence?
about
is
good or
the subject
meaning of orally, in the 24th line ? Illustrate the difference in meaning between definition and synonym. Is it pleasant or proWhat is the object of fitable to read what one does not understand ? going to school] What part of speech is or, in the 27th line? Does or ever have any other meaning, and is it ever used as a noun ? Is there more than one way to spell synonym ? hat authority is generally followed in this work ? What would be the difference if you substitute or
the the
for
11
LESSON
Each
dictionary, and
finitions or
:
II.
Furnished.
hailed.
encouraged
not
to discover de-
found in the margin great pains should always be taken to 5 arouse thought and investigation on the
part
spell
synonyms
Care.
Excite.
of the
pupils;
they
may
in
'sometimes
'concert
Occasionally.
in
Company.
Impediments
Instructor.
case
backwardness, the
'teacher
may
'aid
10
Much
may be
Assistance.
attention of a class
by 'avoiding
the usual
Shunning.
Method.
Chance.
random from
paying the
Heed.
Watchfulness.
Plainly.
The
ASKED, WITHOUT
AFFORDING
THE
'SLIGHTEST
'AN-
Least.
Reply.
Person.
Given.
20
whom
may
should
al-
Chosen.
Kept.
Peculiar
Benefit.
skili
ways be
much upon
'tact
in
'uti-
25
lity
and
The
necessity
difficult
of understanding
in
the
Need.
the Appendix.
When there is any part noccssarv to study one's reading lesson ? Does it of a lesson von do not understand, what ought to he done? injure or benefit Be, to reason and think ahout what we have seen,
Is
it
heard, or rtodt
What
?
should he our
?
main
object in reading
is
does tOtk
refel in the
15th foe
From what
the
of the
word school ?
12
The
'
learner
is
Properly.
more
benefited
by reading
'correctly
and
'understanding^ a single
paragraph, ana-
Intelligently.
Changing.
Definitions
or
[following
out
their
derivatives,
in
Tracing.
Putting.
'throwing words
into
sentences
which
posi-
the
Numl>er.
Precise.
of words,
and
the
nice
shades of
may
impart to the
Imagination.
Inattentive.
An
entire.
the
meaning of analyzing in the 28th line. To what does ? When you substitute entire for whole, in why should you change a to an J
LESSON
The marginal
in a
'plain
III.
exercises
should
be en-
Lessons.
Illustrated.
Clear.
Attainment.
may
be
Hard.
Plain.
used
distinct
'articulation
imto the
Utterance.
Tuition.
never be 'neglected.
10 in
this particular is
The
pupil's proficiency
Omitted.
mostly committed
who
in
should
generally
'pro-
Usually.
Articulate.
nounce the
Illustrate the
'difficult
words
italics
Hard.
meaning of
scholar, in the
13th
line,
13
imitate.
To vary
the exercise
and
se-
Copy.
Application.
15 cure their
may
add
commit
errors in arti-
Perpetrate.
inflections, accent,
empha-
Modulations.
Constantly.
make
corrections.
may
well
be well to take
Amendments
Examples.
features
it
and make
understood.
it
is
Comprehended.
Expression. Excellence.
Rhetorician
in
lation to such
word conto
Heard.
Elevation.
25 the
height of seven
stories.
The
scholar
UXLESS HE UNDERSTANDS
Without.
Suitable.
Potent.
what he heads
training
in
and
inasmuch as 'proper
has
a
reading
more 'vigorous
Control.
Faculties.
be studied
more by
the schothe
Learned.
0;>ta;n.
and
receive
more
attention from
'
branch
Part.
Knowledge.
To what does
in the :20th line
it
?
mean
in the
there
ton,
there
When you see either of the Washington, Philadelphia, or Pekin? Why an 1 houses do you know which i< meant let, how What is the most -illy built higher in cities than in the country? \< there more than one way to spell int part of an education? Illustrate the meaning of Rhetorician. instructor, in the 15th line? ditFerenee between moral and intellectual, in it is the Illustrate the meaning* of powers, in the 30th line. ine ?
r,r.<
i?
In
how many
in
trate
simple sentences can yon use the word Illusdifferent meaning in each instance? mr, ttrengt h, and authority. meanii -
14
LESSON
may
IV.
The
give
teacher
'require
ause
'an oral or
written
account of
A spoken.
Entire.
Manuals.
'
lesson himself,
to give,
Task.
what
is
better, in writing,
By mouth.
Minute acn.uat.
Correct.
'detail
of the whole.
and application of words, case and rapidity 10 in composition, and is one of the best methods for developing, strengthening, and elevating
all
Quicknew.
Way*.
L'ufolduvg.
mind;
it
'fixes
Concentrates
lent] jr.
the
duties
of
after
're-
IVrparcs.
15
lite:
Commniu-
lating
with
she hears
the
accuracy and
son, a
solid
precision
what
Kirm.
foundation on
the
which
sibility
to stand
when he assumes
responai
a
Evitln.
of a
'citizen
takes
his
place
20 juryman,
to listen to,
which
affects
the
happiness,
Property.
i'l-rmanency.
Qnas
l:i.
the meaning of ami what part of speech is it? What i- tilt difference in the meaning of developing, slrenztheniyig, and elevating, in the 11th line? Illustrate the moaning of faculties, in the What is the meaning of juryman, in the '20th line 12th line. How many persons compose a jury ? How many kinds ot juries are tfe What are the duties of a jury? May every voter serve on a jury Would the community or country he safe, if ignorant, inattentive, or wicked men served as jurors? What word is understood after
one, in the 5th lino, refer?
i>
To what
does
What
to,
15
and
both
sons
and
Benefit
Protectors.
Insensibly.
25 public,
ably
will
'eternally
more 'benefited both temporally and by the immense treasure, and the
Profited.
For
v.t.
Country.
Kcliirion of
.
Christians.
Sacred Desk
What does im, placed before words, mean, as, imperceptibly^ in the What is the meaning of temporarily ? Illustrate the dif25th Uriel ference between temporarily and eternally. Do you think a wicked man is as happy as a good man in this life? Which would you rather be when yon come to die/ Must every person now living die 7 What do you think is the difference between the mind and the body f What guide enables us to attain botli temporal and eternal happiness/
LESSON
It 'ought,*
in
V.
however,
to
be borne constantly
the 'judgDiscrimination.
mind, that
extending the
Abridging.
Changiog;.
Ali.litv.
in illustrating
suit the
and
va-
capacity
VTftrioOs.
and
'especially in
overcoming
plan
in
is it
the
Ptatksularif
prejudices so
common
indifferent secthat
SeCtfooaL
Doited
10 tions
of the
Union.
would
one
district,
to
1
Unequalled.
In substituting thou Id
f<r
Ought,
why
necessary
omit
to
before
What is the meaning 6Cfeature, in the 3d line difTor'-noe between tuppreiung and extending, in thr 1th line! Illustrate What ii the meaning of the meaning of prejudice*, in the '*th line. un placed before a word, as unparalleled, in the 11th line! or, untfitlimited, aaboonded, aaacco nn table, &c.
be borne?
What
i-
the
16
^*^
complete.
Direction.
in
ari-
15 other part of the confederacy. Hence another advantage in the almost endless application
Union.
Employment
I.t^VIlS.
of the marginal
it
'exercises.
Some
ru-
may
tions
find
best to use
them only
'parts
for defini-
Solely.
of speech 20 diments of composition the correct pronungrammar roots or ciation tracing words
in
teaching the
to
pies.
Kimls.
iMstmct utlerai
'articulation
their
Originals.
Youth
deImmense.
'immeasurable
delight
benefit,
in
and generally
marginal
25 take much
using the
Putting togwIIUT.
The
first
:*,
.">,
10, or 15
words
in
Treatise*.
may
30
history,
ition.
any
words
The
Lrmlitiunal.
Place,
in va-
Exact.
boa
l
35
in
mon
in
impart.
'signification.
Meaning.
What wonl is understood after fome, in the 17th line? What ii the meaning of i?n placed before a word, as immeasurable, in the 24th line? or, immoral, imperfect, immovable, Sec. ? does not im have the same meaning before prove as improve, impart, &c? What
Why
is
between a sentence, a paragraph, an essay, and a the meaning of Grammar, Geography, Chronology, Biography, and History? Illustrate the difference between scientific and literary. Do you think there are any two words that have precisely the same meaning? What, then, do we mean when we say words are
the difference
treatise?
What
is
synonymous?
What
is
17
LESSON
The
phasis,
VI.
to
Occasionally.
pupils
may
It
sometimes be allowed
made
in
Mistakes.
&c
may
be well, at
to
to 'per-
Allow.
Propositions.
answers
the
questions
Advancement.
Chance.
Mental.
to in-
terest
elicit
and
and
affirmative or nega-
Mere.
Replies.
tive
Mind.
Utterance.
accuracy of 'expression.
sons should
principles
The reading
les-
Always.
Feelings.
Requisite.
prehended.
The plan
it
may
be 'expedient
Steadily.
word
shall
be 'com-
Understood.
Attend.
prehended,
the
enunciation
This
Utterance.
with en-
Animate.
Variations.
20 thusiasm and
and
Accurate.
their tasks
Execute!
Arrnr
and propriety.
Another, and by
The
Illustrate the
difficult
far
Momentous.
meaning of
j/ausr. tone,
and emphasis,
Illustrate
What does
re
1
^-c.
mean
after
empkatiif
.
prnnrression
and advniircment
!
What
is
sentient
Why
would
it
in the plare of inrjfe, in the 7th line ? Can you name Aced before words, :-. /i-pirr. in the 19th line 7 tome oth^r words in whiHi in ha- the <amr meaning? Illustrate the difference between modulation and emphasis, in the 20th line.
~2
18
25 duty devolving upon Educators, is the proper 'discipline of the moral powers; the neglect of
this
Training.
the want of
M
Fruitful.
of
justice.
social evil
and
political
corruption.
The
Depravity.
Ingrafted.
30 Creator has 'implanted in every human being a 'sense of right and wrong and a leading
:
Feel
115.
'feature of this
work
is
to
arouse and
It is
call into
tic.
of the utmost
vment
Imr>onancp.
moment, that the young rely not uynn others, 35 but become themselves the principal agents
;
their
minds
may come
into
intense action
Unremitted.
Infinitely.
and be vastly benefited b.y it: there is not the slightest danger of 'monotony or overexertion. In youth the 'senses are keenly 40 awake
neither
to right
Influences.
Mient.
human
Adm<
Ability.
power of making
wise
citizens.
The
!
Illustrate the meaning of moral powers, in the 20th line. What pression " i>is/rurtions of (he pulpit ," in the 4 2d line.
The
is
ex-
a ineton-
o?nyl
What is the most important part of Illustrate its meaning. What is the purest source of all morality? Shall one's education? we be more useful while living, and happier when we come if we follow this unerring lair? If all did by others, as, in similar
ti
circumstances, they would like to be done by, what do you suppose would be the result? If one commits a crime, can he, under any circumstances, escape punishment? Is there any power that watches over us, knows and holds us responsible, not only for every wrong thing we say and do, but for every evil thought? Is it, then, a good or a bad plan for us to reflect upon what we say, do, and think? When we have done wrong, what ought ice to do? Is there any one living but sometimes does wrong? What is the difference, then, between the good and the bad? What unerring st andard will enable us to attain the utmost usefulness and enjoyment while living the happiest death, and secure to our souls eternal felicity ?
19
growth and
in
wickedness.
embryo,
An n rmed
J
may
old die
?
easily prevent
its
existence.
?
Hod*.
the
Do we know when we
>hall die
all
Do
How
do you think
ought
to live?
LESSON
In
VII.
Propound
Aim.
views.
Idea.
constantly endeavor to
thoughts, as,
is
the pupil's
What
do you think?
own What
y>ur
Is
it
our duty?
Matter.
right
or
wrong
Manner.
Engage.
Vigorous.
Vigilance.
that will
active exercise
also
the
memory, but
comparison,
attention,
all
10 judgment, and
It will,
Discrimination.
at first, require
some
'exertion
on the
Pains.
Those who
train the
young.
may
occasion-
Intimations.
15 superficially more
meet with opposition for not teaching umtm**. for deviating from the Imperfectly.
usages of predecessors,
jections
;
and other
'futile
ob-
Trifling.
but, after
awhile,
is
when
the result
a short time
of their instruction
'manifest,
they will
Mass*.
Commendation.
generally
v
receive
unlimited
'praise,
with
"'*
first
ThedinV'*
II
en
.-
i\
,:
ten lines
Il-
lustrate the
yoa
name
ha\
h line.
!
What
Can you
i-
the
meaning
the
'.
illustrate
20
20 what is worth more than 'gold, or even honor and fame among men, the 'approbation
of their
own
conscience.
Moral sense.
Scrupulously
Learners.
Profit.
Educators cannot too 'carefully impress upon the 'young that all do not derive equal 25 'benefit from the same book that the usefulness of reading 'depends not so much on
Relies.
the
number of books
read, as
upon
their
Variety.
'judicious selection,
Proper.
printed, like
Morewhat is
'
Furthermore
That which.
Occasionally
may
if
'sometimes
be
untrue.
Many
to
rson.
read them.
From
35 books, thousands,
the
morning of
life,
Prime.
Advantages.
'irreNumberless.
Perhaps.
Begoili.
And among
the innumerable
may
}<s-
40
sibly be
may
fascinate
Let, then,
Captiv
i
volume, though
title
it
presents no fascinating
the
45 and alluring
those
Nnnie.
CoiiHileration.
proper
Suitable.
is
What is the meaning of " more than gold;' in the 20th line f What the meaning of all, in the 24th line? To what does they refer, in the 29th line? What is the meaning of deadly upas, in the 32,1 line
!
What
of
is
the
meaning of
What
is
the
meaning
those, in
21
in
Let
it
be 'remembered, that
all that
it
Borne
M;ikes.
mind.
renders
50
perty
rights
the
life
desirable,
and home
sacred.
Equality of
safety of pro-
Holy. Security.
Liberty.
the trial
by jury
the
political
nation
and
freedom
the
the
Invaluable.
Wholly.
Dissemination.
Civil.
55 the general
ral
'diffusion
and
political
science,
Causes.
Union.
Upholding.
60 can
institutions,
and
'requisite in
order to
Necessary.
Spotless.
human
tion.
Works.
What
it
Who
is
advantages that the United States have over all other governments. What is meant by What is meant by AmeriRepublican Institutions, in the 59th line? Why do you think it important can Constitution, in the 62d line? that the Constitution of the United States should be understood by What do you think would be the consequence if the Constituall?
that sustains our
government
Illustrate the
What insures to a nation prosperity, haption should be destroyed? What do you think the greatest pririlegee any piness and power! What is it that guaranties our religious freecitizen can enjoy?
dom?
LESSON
It
is in
VIII.
early
'life
that
we form
principles
Existenre.
Usually.
all
our sub-
tim,
make
indelible im-
22
mind
Enervate.
or strengthen
'character.
the
moral and
Mental.
Reputation.
The
sion, 'exercise a
WiclJ.
Lot.
10
ful
than
United.
bined
'
labors
may not,
'lot
in
Exertion*.
Properly.
Fate.
rewarded
though
and
it
may
toil
be the
of the
15 most 'meritorious
privations,
to
obscurely
amid
their
Deserving.
Expire.
;<um:.
to 'die in
poverty
yet
'reward
is
they
t<
Teaohera.
Obligation.
20 ther gold, or
like exercises;
away
the
invaluable
Precious.
I'ninttllecluul
Unlbld.
strengthen
all
MiieuU
Sjrtti in.
mind.
Let the
moral and
in-
25
by 'educa-
who
instruct.
will 'never
become
At no time.
Dread.
enjoyment,
Wish.
Learning.
30
for
the
sake of 'knowledge.
The young
zeal
'commendable
'critical
and
Praiseworthy
enthusiasm,
for
the
niceties
and
Accurate
Idiom.
beauties of our
The
own
difficult
Appendix.
To what does
in the 12th line?
in the
they, in the
What does
Who is meant by their, between rewarded and though, Does the dash always have the same mean6th line, refer?
the dash,
ing?
23
knowledge
is
of their
'vernacular
'covet
Native.
35 tongue
pure
i**"**u r
Eastern.
refreshment
literature,
Oriental
will be
and a
knowledge
to
Thin*.
acquired,
unknown
those
who
sun*.
unimportant
ATocation.
Extent.
will, indeed,
be ardu-
the
Youns.
Desire.
know-
The
come when
period.
juryman.
sign.
'insignia
of
ultimately.
inhabitant.
What do you suppose the author means by European literature? WoulJ not the expression Greek and Latin languages have conveyed What do you suppose he means by Oriental his meaning as well Would not oriental languages have conveyed his meaning literature? as well in this case, inasmuch as the oriental languages are not T \V hat is the expression "pure divided into ancient and modern? Illustrate the meaning of the author Can you refreshment' called ? Which ose some sentences, and use any expression figuratively ?
? ?
think the best plan, to read understanding^ a little, or to read What influence do you suppose inattentively through many books? inattentive habits, formed at school, will be likely to exert over us in Can you name, in this lesson, a simple sentence, a compouwl after life ?
i
sentence,
and a paragraph. What is the meaning of the last two How many white persons, over 21 years nces in this lesson? of age. in the United States, could neither read nor write, according Was the enumeration of the census probably to the census of 1840? much smaller than the real number? What is probably now ihe number of white persons over 21 years of age that can neither read Can you give any reasons why write, in the United States ? and every juryman, in our country should both read r,
If property, life, the stability and perunderstandingly and write petuity of our republican institutions, and the C8J1M of Christianity. ud on the general diffusion of Learning and morality, what ought each one of us to do? Do we live under a Christian government?
?
24
LESSON
f
IX.*
is
(^1.)
Political 'Science
an exceedingly
justly
Kuowledge.
Useful.
interesting
and
'
and 'claims the attention, both of the young and strengthens the expands it the old
of
;
Demands.
Enlarges.
m ind
human
Adds
to
Chan.pis*.
men, and understand the system of government 'under which we live. ( &) No American citizen can creditably perform the duties 10 incumbent on him, without a knowledge of The Constithe nature of political power.
tution of the United States
is
Ofl
to.
Honorably.
Arqurunt-
Authonty.
Intricate.
the
most 'compolicy
system of
human
Hon
Good
rnment.
quali-
ever established, and combines alike the 15 cellencies of all the 'illustrious States of ancient and
ties.
Famous.
Eras.
modern
times.
(3.)
It is,
therefore,
know
s<>me-
( 1.)
1.
What
'2.
is
the
in
the old," in
the 3d line?
What
give an
4.
example
which
substituted
for
nounl
the
yon 6. What people the happiest and most powerful at the present time ? do yon think is the only guarantee of the perpetuity of liberty and 7. Can you name some of the the happiness of communities? which led to the settlement oi" this country? S. What do you think has contributed to make the people of the United States so prosperous and happy ? ( 3.) 9. Why is the study of political science interesting
<
When yon substitute acquaintance for knowledge, in why do yon change a to an/ 5. In what country do
* Lesson IX. is the besrinnins; of the main subject of this work. To meet the convenience of different Teachers, who must necessarily have classes of varied attainments, th< generally divided into 10 or 12 sections, each of which usually contains from 8 to 12 hi.. will be borne in mind, that these sections are merely arbitrary divisions, and no? panu According to this arrangement, Teachers may. with the utmost ease, van- the lessons they wish For some classes, one section maybe enough tor a task others may to assign. The answers t<. the <j sections, or it may be. even a whole lesson, for a single exercise. are often not found in the Lesson, and are intended to stimulate (tie pupils to industrious halnts out of school to d/'velope thorowjhhj (he mental find moral powers to train properly the young ioi the momentous duties and reffjionszbdities that aicait them in flu future.
;
.
+ T*aehers
numbered tection
in the
context.
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
thing of the 'origin and progress of political
science,
its
Rise.
25
to under-
Need.
Incidents.
have 'contributed
pires
;
to found States
and
Em-
Helped.
Attained.
the
Fame.
Splendor.
Destruction.
Government
It
One.
Acquired.
Unite*.
learned
by
study.
and wisdom, and 'approximates to the attri30 butes of Divine power. In 'treating, therelore,
Approaches.
Discoursing.
Confederacy,
Obligations.
seems proper
commence with
the 'origin
and progress
Beginning.
Political
of 'government.
( 5.)
power.
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
Class.
35
It
is
one another's
'forest,
Enjoyment.
Wilderness.
company:
and
the
beasts of
the
and
10. Why is it necessary for every one to know useful to all ? 11. What is the differsomething of the nature of political power? 12. Can you name some ence between ancient and modern times? 13. Illustrate the difference of the most famous nations of antiquity ? between ruin, in the 25th line, and destruction. (4.) 14. Can you
15. How the meaning of government, in the 26th line? simple sentences can you name in each of which government 16. Why is the science of governshall have a different meaning ? ment a subject of much importance? 17. In what country is it neces18. sary for every one to understand the principles of government? Why do you suppose it is more necessary for people to be enlightened 10. Ought all under a republican than under a despotic government? 20. Why do you supthe people in every country to be educated ? pose, in treating of the Constitution of the United States, it is p roper What do to begin with the origin and progress of government ?
illustrate
many
26
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
the birds of the air, herd and
'
flock together;
Collect.
Ability.
is
given to the
human race
.
40 alone, to look through the vista of past and to derive 'wisdom from the future time Creator of all, and enjoy the 'inestimable
see.
Knowledge
invaluable
KeasuiiabbJacob.
Story.
Origin.
(6.)
The
is
45 that carries on a continued 'narration from the 'beginning of the world without any
'interruption,
this,
there are
I>isturb:mce
Impediments
Contrasted.
compared
other na-
MyW -ry.
Histories.
which pertain
tions.
to the 'annals
of
all
(7.)
The Mosaic
'history, contained
is
Aooount.
in the first
the
Ibt liiblc
.'.ion.
only reliable 'account of the world before 55 the 'deluge. Moses has related only those
Flood.
was necessary
"details,
Weighty.
nations
which
(5.) 21. the difference between a and one? 22. What do you think II all, in the 4 2d line? 23. Can you name any the nature of each order of created beings? that take pi beings, besides the birds and the beasts, created 24. Can you name some of the advanl each other's company? 2.) created beings 1 the human race has over all other orders of is used instead of you assign any reason why forest, in the 37th line, forests in the world, and the forests, inasmuch as there are many ( 0.) 26. What is the meaning author is speaking in general terms ? called Israel the 44th line ? 27. Can you tell why Jacob was of one, in 45th line, In how many simple sentences can you use story, in the
think
is
What
the
meaning of
28.
shall in each case convey a different moaning understood after this, in the 47th line ? 30. What is the meaning of chronological, in the 48th line? 31. What does these refer eventful life (7.) 32. Give an account of the to, in the 49th line? 34. IX 33. Can you give an account of the flood ? of Moses. 35. How suppose they had any printed books in the time of Moses? do you suppose this account of Moses was originally recorded
so that the
29.
word
What
is
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
27
gratiPleasing.
would be exceedingly
60 however,
led to
'
interesting
and
We are,
Neglected.
from
Conclude.
Fatherly.
the origin of
Of equal
Told.
Ex.sted.
age.
We
are
first
man
1
'
lived
030 years
and
Offspring.
( 9.)
Length of life
would,
in
the
Hundreds of
years.
and
all
would
Thick.
Regard.
Ancestor.
to 'reve-
who probably
inspiration,
Obtained.
by
Divine influence.
of 'virtue and
poraries.
Moral goodness.
Moreover,
Conceive.
who
Excellent
stood 'preeminent in
above
others.
Ruler.
The
duties of
Neighborhood.
in
many
respects
Governors.
nearly
36.
Connected.
Why do you suppose we have not a more detailed account of the world before the flood? (8.) 37. Whence do you suppose government originated? 38. Assign all the reasons you can for this conclusion ? 40. What can you say of his 39. Who was the first man ? extraordinary career. ( 9.) 41. What does all mean, in the 69th line ? 42. Can you name some of the different parts of speech in the margin? 43. * Which of the marginal exercises affords you the greatest facility in composing simple sentences? 44. Who do you suppose is meant by ancestor, in the 70th f line? 45. How do you suppose his attainments in virtue and wisdom compared with his cotemr In what respects are the duties of riders and of poraries ? ( 1") parents similar ? 47. Who do you suppose, among rulers, merits most
\
>.
t The
margin
is
in the context.
28
80
ties to
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
promote the happiness of those 'comEntrusted.
Care.
Desirable.
both are
ruler
entitled to
and exalted
title
any
can acquire
'
Receive.
( 11-)
For-
Native land.
Unlimited.
Right.
lawful
this
life;
and
QMpMMB
I'sajre.
l*r edomi-
'custom
tribes,
is
sanctioned by
many savage
and most
and
nates.
world.*
How thankliberty
Arbitrary
rule.
be,
who
Trirelesv
live.
95
Power.
48. Who, among all the innumerable hosts the gratitude of mankind ? that have ever lived, do you suppose deserves most our gratitude and veneration? 49. What is enviable, in the 82d line, derived from, and 50. Can you name any is it generally used in a good or a bad sense? word that may convey one meaning in one sentence, and directly its 51. What is the difference between the meaning opposite in another?
of acquire and receive, in the 83d line? ( 11.) 52. Name, in tin son, a simple sentence 53. A compound sentence 54. A paragraph. 55. Can you name any revolting custom that formerly prevailed, and is sanctioned by the unenlightened at the present day? 56. Name some of the peculiarities, advantages, and blessings resulting from 57. What is the oldest and most populous empire in the Christianity. world ? 58. How many times larger, in population, is China than the United States? 59. What nation do you suppose is the most powerful? 60. In which do you suppose the people the happiest? 61. Can you name any peculiarities in the natural productions, works of art, language, literature, &c, of China ? 62. How do you suppose the power of the Emperor of China compares with that of the President of the United States? 63. In which country would you rather live? 64. Why? 65. What invaluable privilege and unfailing source of happiness have the people of our country that the Chinese do not enjoy ?
* A prominent feature of this work is to excite investigation, thought, reflection, and reason Teachers and Parents should, therefore, afford all possible facilities m encouraging the youn? to read out of school, and give extended narrations of all the knowledge thus indusinuusly obtained
;
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
29
LESSON
( 1.)
X.
Regions inhabited by Chrislia
Very important.
more
'limited character
Restricted.
when
Twenty-one
years.
as their parents
At
all tunes.
Regulations.
Impose.
'capital
is
ever
10 allowed to
this 'prerogative
the
Peculiar authority.
Orders.
Persuades.
Vicissitude.
may become
a parent
but
it
Accordingly.
15 the parent
may
first
Powers.
Polity.
government.
( 3.)
The
Systems of
first
polity.
Collections of leading truth* relating to any
subject.
arts
fect.
The
Ancient fathers
of
manl
impart
those
Power.
Felicity.
who were
'affiliated to
The
difficult
Bound.
Appendix.
(1.) 1. In what sense was Christendom formerly used ? 2. What are 3. of the differences between national and family government? Wherein consist*! the propriety of assigning a fixed age as minority? 5. What is the design ( 2.) 4. What is meant by capital punishmeyit ? of punishment ? 0. Is there any other way of inducing a compliance with rectitude ? 7. What is the proper treatment of incorrigible offenders ? ($3.) 8. Why were the earliest systems of government 10. defective? 9. Has experience the effect to improve polity? Can you tell the condition of the first laws, arts, and sciences, and namp some of the improvements that have been made in each? 11. What is pndeiStOOd by despotic power? 12. In what grade of
30
ties;
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
'discord
first
Contention.
of the
ruler of the
human
'race.
( 4.)
Family
Discipline.
25
mankind increased
till
'
licen-
Unrestrained
liberty.
Destitution of boliness
Population.
Pious.
were
30
1
to
when
DeserringRetribution.
was
kindled at the
Maddening.
Greatest.
Sy.lrm
of treated war id*.
who
regularity
boundless 'universe,
35 mined
to 'destroy the
Extirpate.
Overwhelming.
Hence
it
Permanent
Power
of
ill
knowthing*
ing
at once.
God, and personal accountability to him for all 40 that each one 'does, says, and even thinks, is
necessary to secure undying grandeur
;
Performs.
and
Immortal
society can despotic power be exercised ? ( 4.) 13. Under what circumstances are licentiousness and depravity most likely to prevail ? 14. Do you think of any appalling desolation that the Almighty sent upon the earth, on account of the lawless spirit and wickedness of its
15. Why does the author use boundless before universe, in inhabitants ? 16. Can you give some idea of the extent of the unithe 34th line? verse? 17. Which is the easiest to define, the extent of the universe, the commencement of time, or the duration of eternity? 18. What
19. How does human life and all should these things teach us? earthly happiness compare with the duration and joys of eternity? 20. Had the earth probably become very populous before the flood ? 21. What cause could have accumulated so numerous a population in the comparative infancy of the earth? ( 5.) * When you substitute permanent for abiding, in the 37th line, why do you alter an to a? 22. How are you pleased with the study in which you are now engaged ? 23. Do you consider it important? 24. Who do you think will be the legislators and governors in our country 40, 50, 60 or 70 years hence? 25. Should you ever be a legislator, a judge, or a governor, what is it ne-
fThe
figures 2,
3, 4, etc.,
marked
in the margin.
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
this
31
Unchangeable.
be
indelibly
Impressed.
by
their
this
sense, the
former can
Governed.
Reach.
45 alone
'attain
fame
and have
names 'transmitted in grateful remembrance to 'posterity from it both the former and the latter can alone 'secure
Handed
down.
Succeeding
generations.
Make
certain
Eternal.
50
(^ B.)
'created nearly
Made.
Method.
Races.
six
to
Communities
Punishment.
Computed.
Family.
Regulations.
Control.
man
now
how
flood, the
'Lord
Supreme Being.
and 'commanded
Ordered.
Signified.
them
rate
to " replenish
the earth,"
which
'de-
Distinct.
Several.
and dwell
every
Dissimilar.
future fate
remember? among
20.
posterity
and
this,
before
what
I
\fter
28.
we
die,
you have to appear and answer for your conduct where must we all appear and for what purpose?
What effect should this consideration produce on youth ? 29. What on men? (0.) 30. What is the reputed age of the earth? 32. How is that population politi31. What its present population?
cally
divided
?
33.
What
this
intercourse
intercourse resemble that between the respective States of the American confederacy? (7.) 35. Illustrate 36. sepathe diiToroncr' between denoted and signified, in the 61st line 37. various and several, in the 03d rate and dutinrt, in the Odd line
34.
Does
line
3m. different
and
dissimilar, in
thfl
1th line
39.
What was
the
32
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT,
inhabited
65 part of the earth was 'reinhabited. Upwards of one hundred years after the 'flood,
the descendants of
Inundation.
mand,
'doubtless,
of Nimrod,
settled
Control.
Without
doubt.
their habitations.
and
70 land of Shinar." (8.) They rapidly increased in number, but, 'regardless of the
Augmented.
I
tful.
commands
to
K< -.solved.
to 'remain
one
Continue.
nation
to build a city,
lVvi>ed
Loft jr fortress
Use*
Sn.
Strayed.
giu-st.
back
to the city
when
in 'search
of the
80 necessaries of
life;
it
would be a centre of
Requisite*.
I>ivided.
Dispersed.
number of years after the Hood, when the people commenced building the Tower of Babel, and why do yen suppose the term "upwards of 100 years'' should be used in the 65th line Ian you tell where it is recorded that the Lord blessed Noah and bis sons? 41. Can you tell who Nimrod was, and why do you suppose it without
I
command?
42.
As Noah was
he
why
were under Nimwhat r< had not the command instead of Nim
'a>t"
leads us to infer that the hordes that 'journeyed from the east and settled on a plain in Shinar"' did not include all the inhabitants of the earth ? 41. Can you tell where the land of Shinar ( 8.) 45. What is the difference between disunited and divided, in the 81stline? 40. Why do you suppose the people did not intend the tower as a place of refuge in case of another flood? 47. What do you suppose were some of the objects of the tower ? 48. What name was given to the tower? 49. What was the meaning of the name? 50. What do you suppose were some of the reasons why the people wished to have but one government? 51. did the Lord countenance this plan of having one grand ruler of all mankind ? 52. What effect has increasing the territory and population of a country on the power of rulers? 53. Does the ?norc power rulers possess generally!
What
How
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
the
33
Habitable
globe.
whole earth.
(9.) It appears,
moreover,
that they
sought their
own
Renown.
85
to
among
all
is
posthat
Extraordinary.
terity.
Yet
it
is
'remarkable that of
name
men-
Multitude.
Writer.
any
'
historian.
We
may
here
Obtain.
Pride.
Irrationality.
weakness and
'
folly
of
man when
not guided
by the 'unerring precepts of heaven. ( 10.) The whole race at that time spoke the same
language
:
Infallible.
Entire.
to
man speech,
'tribes,
The
Lord.
95 by a miracle dissolved
powerful bond
WonderHordes.
Separating.
and
governments
Therefore.
Dialect.
'peculiar to
itself.
Thus
it
Appropriate.
Offspring.
Held.
Ancestors.
'parents of
mankind
and
Earth.
increase or decrease their regard for the rights of their subjects and (9.) 54. In how many simple sentences their morals and piety? can you use the word host, in the 87th line, so that in each case it 55. Can you use it so that in one shall convey a different meaning? sentence it shall convey a meaning directly the opposite of what it 56. Can you name any Republic that lias a Christian does in the other? government? 57. Can you mention any powerful nation that once
58. adopted a republican government, and rejected Christianity 9 What has been the fate of every nation that has not been governed oy Christian laws? ( 10). 59. Do you know whether learned men thought the term confusion of language! might bear another edi60. What reasons can you assign that seem to prove betion? yond doubt that the opinjon generally receive 18 COtreOt J 61. What auhe exact number of years, according to the moat thorities aftei the creation, that the oonfuston of languages occur ted
1
1
34
105
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
Reduced.
First.
'primitive state,
and governpost-diluvians
fea-
ment
in its infancy.
(11.)
The
Persons
flood.
liv-
some important
and
sufferings,
'rules
Kept.
Laws.
Tests.
no ries of 'experience,
find
trials,
we
and
Maxims.
First exist-
precepts which derive their origin from sentiments of 'equity and justice, engraven on
the
ence.
Rectitude.
L'nseen.
human
us
62.
Providence.
Divine guidance.
What
natural
monuments go
to
that the
( 11.) 63.
Do
the natural divisions of the earth into separate contiseem to indicate that the Almighty intended one
sway? 64. What reasons can ymi assiga why be well to have a republican president govern the whole 65. What has heretofore been the fate of republics that have on. Is our own republic the most attempted universal dominion powerful that has ever existed? 67. What do you suppose contributes most to the happiness of man?
nation to have absolute
it
would world?
not
LESSON
(
J.).
XI.
first
go-
Systems of
polity.
of 'deliberaCustoms.
Support. Parliaments.
Usages.
The
lished without
laws
'cus-
among mankind:
consequently, these
all
the
'political
National.
( 1.)
1.
What do you
2.
think
ought
to
be
the
object
of every
government?
from
legislative
Mention some of the advantages likely to result deliberation. 3. Under what government* do you
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
regulations that
35
Degraded.
human race
Made
better.
10
in all
succeeding ages.
Following.
Organized.
Separation.
were formed
Tower
of 'Ba-
Confusion-
Superior
strength.
15
skill,
Courage.
Advantages.
Benefit.
these
Hence
the
'utility
of
Sentiment.
Supreme authority.
20 minion.
prove
( 3.)
The
'records of
nations
Authentic memorials.
Superiority.
Benefits.
owed
their 'ascendso-
ancy
had rendered
ciety, or to military
prowess.
first
j\imrod was
Valor.
Establisher.
Reliable.
empire of which
we
in-
we
are
brmed by
people
was
Divine.
Conclude.
By
degrees.
to.
Subject
30 and,
in 'process
Progressive course.
Established.
tions,
founded the
most happiness?
2)
4.
Do you suppose
,)?
there
at
the
5. Who of the Tower of Babel? do you suppose of Babel-builders acquired dominion ? 6. Do you think of any endowments that are requisite for every ruler to possess in rendering service to the community ? 7. What is of the utmost consequence thnt "day everyone possess this inestimable blessall should pos>' ing ? (^0 ' What sort of men have generally been the first rulers of Who wa* the founder of the fir<t empire of which we have any authentic booouoiI 11. Who inform* u* what this man was, and what he became? 12. Illustrate the meaning of Sacred His-
36
came
35
'fact,
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
Babylonian, or Assyrian 'empire, for he bea " 'mighty one in the earth."
is
Powerful.
Extraordinary.*
(4.) It
Truth.
Absolute."
of a 'despotic
1
character;
they were
Ruinous. Concord.
peace
Lasting.
40 between
tribes
and
Grandeur.
Destructive.
Licentious.
The
the
'deleterious
influences
of
the
arbi-
human
rights
by petty
all
Unlawful
seizing.
Sovereign*
Pollution
'depravity prevailed.
is
Herodotus,
who
Wickediess.
for despotic,
( 4.) 13. *In substituting extraordinary for remarkable, and (bsolute why do you change a to an? 11. What was the charicter of
18. Do you suppose people 19. Do jou supgenerally look to their rulers for examples to imitate? 20. If rulers pose evil rulers tend to make good people wicked? usurp, or steal, or rob, or get intoxicated, what are their subjects likely to do? 21. What would be the tendency of righteous rulers on a vicious or 16. tribes
the
first
human laws?
and
15.
natioiis
What was
17.
and empires?
corrupt people?
22.
likely to
become
23. Do you think wicked or corrupt, if they always had pious rulers? any one can commit a crime and escape punishment? 21. Is it urise or 25. Is it the mark of a great or a little mind foolish, then, to do wrong ? to do wrong? 26. Can you mention any authority from the Bible that has reference to this subject? 27. Who do you think are the happiest in this life, those that do wrong, or those that strive to do right ? 28. Who do you think stand the best chance of being happy in the life to come, those that are indolent and vicious, or those that are industrious
and
the father
be good ? 30. Who is styled ( 5.) 29. What is history? 31. What is profane history? 32. Can of profane history? you give any account of the nature and power of the Assyrian or
strive to
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
50
37
Tyranny of
ttie
were some time without any form of government, and anarchy prevailed and subjected them to the most 'horthe'. tstyrian yoke,
Assyrians
Intestine
broils.
rible
excesses
and
disorders.
It
was
at
Tumults.
Determined.
length
55 avoid their
elect a king:
would
'unani-
Woeful.
Complete.
and Dejoces, a
skill,
man
was
of 'con-
Without
sent.
dis-
'elected.
Selected.
crowns were
'selected
Pristine.
60 often
elective,
who
Chosen.
Distributing.
were
in
to their subjects, or of
'commanding them
of the
In
first
Directing.
Territories.
time of war.
The dominions
its
extent.
the
Limit.
king.
'Sacred
Holy.
Secular.
Primitive.
Qualities.
of
Joshua
defeated
thirty-one
that in his
Overthrew.
Confessed.
owned
Babylonian empire? 33. What do you suppose contributed to the overthrow of tin- Assyrian empire? 34. What was the character of the government of the Medefl after they had shaken off the tyranny of the Assyrians 35. Why do you suppose their government did
?
not continue a
(6.) 30. From die primitive ages derive their power to govern?
democracy?
their
sometimes derived
ougli-
power
did sovereigns in 37. If sovereigns to govern from the Lord, what name
38.
whom
able
gove
ia
Can you name any remarkLord did not approve of kingly What do you suppose was the earliest kind of goWhat was \he first kind of human government 41. 1J. What were the second hind of human government 1 43. Do you suppose modern requisites in a king the most learned and virtuous people in tin- nations they
jivernment?
ipture to prove that the
.
46.
46.
What
38
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
wars he had destroyed "'three score and ten kings." ( 7.) Egypt was 'originally divided
into several states.
Seventy.
Primarily.
The
different 'provinces
Dominions.
Region*.
that
Of
old.
Dominions.
Vas>als.
the subjects
many
of the
first
'monarchs.
Africa, a
Kings.
Portion.
'part of Asia,
tribes of
our
80
own
'continent,
with
samples
Hemisphere.
Particulars.
similar in
many
'monarchies.
( 8.)
Kingdoms.
the
Inordinate
-
desire to 'transmit to
posterity their
Hand down.
Keimwn.
Influenced.
85 power and
perty,
among
man by
his
assign for this opinion? (7.) 47. What was formerly the political condition of Egypt? 48. What other sources prove that monarchic were not originally extensive? 49. Do you suppose crowns are still elective? 50. What is your reason for this opinion ? 51. What countries, at the present day, are in some respects similar to the primitive
52. What remarkable fact, independent of revelation, proves the existence of God, and of our souls after our bodies turn to dust? (8.) 53. What is the principle which induces us to desire to transmit our possessions to our particular heirs? 54. What is your opinion about the justice and propriety of the law of inheritance? 55. Why do you suppose the law of inheritance ought not to apply to power and office, as well as to property? 56. Wherever it has so applied, what has been the uniform result? 57. Do you suppose human nature is the same now that it always has been? 58. What are your reasons for this opinion? 59. Do you suppose there is no danger that the rulers of a republic will ever abuse authority entrusted to them? 60. What are your reasons for this opinion? 61. If a farmer hires a man to work, or a merchant employs a clerk, or a mechanic an apprentice, and the employed, in either case, abuse the trust confided to him, what is usually done? 62. Who are the employed, the rulers or the people? 63. What ought to be done, when rulers abuse the trust confided to them ? 64. Why do you suppose a
monarchies?
ORIGIN OF GOVERNMENT.
creator
as the
;
39
Consequently
Authority.
Subjects.
accordingly
all
power of
Most powerful.
earth,
Babylonian^
the
Assyrian,
the
World.
Empires.
increased in
Times.
Area.
Brilliant.
dazzling
power ever
pos-
Potentate.
mightiest
Hosts,
the field of
ioo
Butchery.
Stupidity.
Body.
Imbecility.
the
wretchedness of their
rulers.
Without the
light of
Communication.
Evidence.
tout.
the
total
ruin of
all
Duty to God.
Old.
Grandeur.
Falsehood.
were
still
it
people that can neither real nor write cannot tell when authority is What effect has absolute power always produced r 67. What rendered the Babylonian, subject* 1 jpe with other nations? 68. How .an empires, &c, unable to sacrificed to gratify the vanity miny lire! few men clothed with authority? 09. How much or ambition of What incalculable good do you suppose might be aci
r-
;i
eomj
the talent,
and the
i-
lives that
have
beeti
war
71
Do yon suppose
-
\i,
it
'.
hai
ived.
."
will
coriif
when wars
40
PRIMITIVE LAWS.
LESSON
( 1.)
XII.
Statutes.
Institution.
Among
ishment of crimes
5 riage.
Rules.
Matrimony.
proved
of
Happiness.
S r.^trin.
human government.
( 2.)
We
'find, in
Learn.
Punishing.
Rigorous.
10 extremely 'severe.
By
wanl
J<
DC* tObovah.
Sorcery.
Eminently worthy of Dole.
were
able, that
T-anaeendcnUy.
suc-
Following.
ceeding ages
they
difficult
are the
basis of the
in the
Foundation.
The
Appendix.
some of the earliest laws instituted. 2. Have pe ( 3. What are your ever deviated from these usages ? r this opinion ? 4. Do you suppose these usages were designed or sanctioned by the Creator? 5. What are your reasons for this opinion? 6. Can vou name a few instances where men in the most exalted human stal possessing unlimited power, have been signally abased for deviating from these primitive laws? 7. Were the primitive laws lenient? 8. What are your reasons for this opinion ? ( 2.) 9. What is the meaning of sabbath, in the 11th line ? 10. When was ihe sabbath first obserr a day of rest? 11. Do you think it a good or a bad plan to loiter away one's time on the sabbath? 12, Assign your reasons for this opinion. 13. Can you name any nation that has attained either durable happiness or power, that profaned the sabbath ? 14. How do our laws compare with those of the primitive ages? 15. What reasons can you assign why ours may with safety be more lenient? 16. How do the laws of Moses compare with all other laws ? 17. Where are the laws
1.)
1.
Name
PRIMITIVE LAWS.
laws of our country, and have
41
remained
Continued.
Scrutiny.
.\
test
mm. u] version.
( S.)
iRcfflBfence.
Weightj.
portant
A flairs.
Judicial decisions.
85 chases,
the
claims
Titles.
certain
degree
of 'notoriety,
order to
Publicity.
and
'validity.
Hence
Justness.
forms
Prescribed
modes.
Contracts.
Apartments.
Prosperity.
priated to preserve
them;
Inviolableness.
engagements of
In
its
members.
'ages,
Mutual promises.
( J.)
the primitive
the
art of
all
Eras.
writing
was
Exercised.
Bargains.
were verbal
vet
it
was
similarity to those of Moopinion? 20. Why do you were so perfect? (3.) 21. Illustrate f Moses 22. What does the meaning of im before port ant, in the 23d line. 23. What is 'y, in the 24tli line? ling words, denote
.
for
this
-o ty, called
24.
Why
25.
the
meaning of
_
the affix
ty. in
26.
What is What
do you
of
is
ty, in
Why
<se
the line
28.
always named
as
used?
Does
ty affixed to
which the prefixes and affixes are word.- always have the same meaning 1
3".
prefix?
Why
is
it
tyrant?
32. In
validity.
/'
31.
how many
28th.
rent
and affixes used ? simple sentence- can you use the words notoriety, tug, sarrrdntss, engagement^ and deeds, in the 27th, Tilth lines, so that in each ca>e they shall I, and
jirifi.rrs
mean:
From what
(
'.
is
sarredness derived,
it>
ill
thing peculiar in
(
,
I.)
'illy,
meaning 1 35. 36. What is the meaning in the 36th line, and con-
42
PRIMITIVE LAWS.
necessary to have them 'acknowledged and authenticated; hence, all 'proceedings in
Publicly re-
in
public,
oiiveying.
and before
'witnesses.
was
Deponents. Chosen.
Citizen*.
the 'people
were
( 5.)
Repaired.
Original.
Pp.lVs.xl.,11.
45 Though the 'primitive inhabitants were not skilled in the 'art of writing, yet they had
adopted several expedients to supply its place
the most
rational plan
Devices.
was
to
'compose their
Form.
laws, histories,
&c,
first
in 'verse,
BUMtaa
Il.iinlnl
has been
ages, that
it is
placed before w other syllables used in 40. Illustrate the meaning of con with some other the same way. words. 41. What is meant by deeds, in the 37th line? 42. What were verbal deeds? 43. How are deeds and contracts at the present day authenticated? 44. What is the difference between n ne45. What do you understand b cessary, in the 38th line? cities, in the 43d line? 46. Why do you suppose we have n cities in the United States? 47. Can you name any modern that have gates? (5.) 48. What conjunction follows though, in the 45th line? 49. Why does this conjunction usually follow though, and what is it called? 50. What is the meaning of in before habil in the 45th line? 51. Why does not in have the same meanii fore human, as inhuman? 52. As the ancients had not the art of writing, how did they record sentiments and events? 53. Can name any specimens of history transmitted in verse? 54. Wl are the functions of modern government essentially different from those of the ancients? 55. To what does its refer, in the 17th line 56. What is the meaning of com, before pose, in the 48th line? 57. What is the difference between verse and poetry, in the 49th line? 58. What is the meaning of trans, before mitted, in the 51st line? 59.
37th line?
is
it
37.
*What
is
con called
when
38. *
Why
so called?
39.
*Name some
>
Illustrate its meaning with some other words. 60. Why do you suppose the primitive inhabitants were not skilled in the art of writing?
*
The Teacher
will bear in mind, that these questions, with all others of an intricate charac-
ter, are to
be omitted
when
PRIMITIVE LAWS.
laws exist;
it
43
for
Essential.
is
:
'requisite
to
provide
and as the early patriarchs f>5 'presided over* their families, and settled the
their execution
Performance
Superintended.
'disputes
that
naturally arose
first
among
their
r.mtrovrr-
children, so the
justice
in
It
monarchs
the
'distributed
'subjects.
'rulers
Al lot ted.
Inferiors.
person
among
that
their
(6.)
appears
earliest
Governors.
Judge.
We
Overburdened.
Business.
chose
to 'dispense
Administer.
among
all
Settled.
Go cided
Weight.
Liable.
were
sion
The adminisge-
^Review.
Equity.
Spiritual directors.
tration of
was.
gMy given
70
all
to the
priests,
who
determined
'disputes,
and
inflicted
such punishment
Contests.
ssary.
.)
Thought.
Probably the
earliest,
and certainly
Likely.
Relating.
e
is
difference
(6\) 62,
63.
What
64. Illustrate
is
What
the
meaning
of
66. What meaning doei im, in. 70th line! have when prefixed to verbal 67. Illustrate their v What meaning doea tm, m, ig, tr, as, </is, have when placed before adjectives 1 69. Are there any exi
t}i
Illustrate
offices
their
'
meaning by examples.
71.
72. Do yon luppose one man did the earliest rulera fill 73. Doea it require more than npetent to fill bo many fficei 7 1. Who were generally erudition and ta'ent to fill any of tliem ice? appointed, in the primitive ag<
?
i
The trher will perceive that the defi nit i<: tkmm given in the margin, in which raw
rN.iresome-
44
to
PRIMITIVE LAWS.
property,
was
'assigning
and securing
Allotting.
75
to
Piece.
The
this
for
was the first step towards 'civilization, among all savages lands are common;
manners from
primitive grot
Lmnts.
Support.
Condition.
80
may
see
fit
it
is
adopt
Separate.
Individual.
Profit.
who
Prospect.
Reward.
and 'industry.
'profits
The
rights of
oUght
to
Warranted.
Proceeds.
Laws were
90 division of
'land,
^tote.
With
a view to
we
Learn.
95
liest
to fix the
Demanded.
Property.
( 7.) 75. What was probably the first and ?nost import ant regulation 70. What is the meaning ui' step, in the 76th in reference to property'?
have the same meaning before father, meaning9 of step in sentences. 79. How are lands held among all lavages? 80. How do savages ob81. What regulations are observed among all tain their support? 82. Why do you suppose it necessary to have civilized nations? such rules? (8.) 83. Why were other laws established besides those that regulate the division of land ? 84. Do you suppose reason or revelation sanctions the ownership of a ivhole state by one, or two. three, 85. Assign some reasons why it would not be well four, or five men ? for a few men to own all the land in a whole nation? 86. What did 87. What were all exthe ancient laws require all persons to do?
line?
77.
Why
does not
step
78. Illustrate
some of
the different
PRIMITIVE LAWS.
45
In direct
100
Moses expressly forbids the Israelites from removing the ancient boundaries o( lands; and in the days of Job, those who removed these marks were ranked among the worst
oi
terms.
Limits.
Displaced.
Classed. Secular.
mankind.
most
it
'salu-
AdvantagoUllS.
tary regulation.
'Homer speaks of
antiquity.
as a
The
Age.
father of
poets.
Virgil re-
fers
it
to the
Seems.
with him to
(9.)
mean
Commencement.
'Agriculture
'lands;
gave
rise to pro-
Husbandry.
Real estate.
Proprietor.
perty
in
but
this
property must
chamze
ing the
and
it
Rational.
Ground.
Convey.
Possession.
Purest.
ugly attached to
and desire
mit
the
its
enjoyment
to those
bound
to
them by
holies! ties.
us
so<
;uired that
Durable.
Settled.
If
88. How are lands measured? v prohibited from doing? 89. landmarks are removed, have people of the present age any means
90. What nation first used surveying/ of knowinp where they stood ? Vhnt charartcr separates land marks, in the 96th line? 92. Should fhnrartcr in composing letters, or in any other writii you W do you think it important to notice the differeni pauses ing? in the books we read? 91. Will you elucidate the and meaning of the use of the hyphen by a few examples 95. What marks are meant in the 1 00th line? 96. Do you know what the sting Homer and his writing! ? opinion of many lea Virgil? ($9.) 98. What tir-t gave rise to property in p suppose men would naturally desire to land? 1'"). What do you suppose transmit their property to their posterity 1"1. Why do you suppose has produced many inventions and ZosM ? reference to the peace of society require persons 1 L02. What \- tin- difference between property r
,,
the
103.
What
46
PRIMITIVE LAWS.
the property of deceased persons.
sity,
'Neces'in-
Nee,].
which
is
Discoveries.
Demanded.
Patrimonies.
Wills.
permanent regulations
ritances,
vises.
in
reference to
'
inhe'de-
Hence, 'property
lands
was
the
Ownership.
ClaimsConstitute.
which
whole
civil
'code.
( 10.)
Book of lam's
Defective.
governments, were
jurisprudence
lar
at first
very
'
imperfect
was
The
science of right.
system
till
No
130
events:
illusion.
Incidents.
Enactment.
Regulate.
now
123
Old regula-
Enlarged.
reformed, or 'repealed,
in
proportion to the
Revoked.
<
man
in
extending
ncss.
'commerce
discovering
'
Trade.
the wonderful
is
improvements
in the arts
Program
the meaning of civil code, in the 125th line? 104. What is the difference between necessity and need 105. inventions and dit 107. inheritances and patrimonies 106. permanent and fixed LOS vises and wills 110. rights and claims f09. property and ownership 111. compose and constitute 11 '2. code and book of laics, on the 117th, 118th, 120th, 121st, I22d, 123d, 1:21th, and i25th linos respectively! ( 10.) 113. What is the meaning of un prefixed to aided, in the 129th line? 114. What meaning has un prefixed to words? 115. What were civil laws at first? 110. Can any ruler or body of legislators, however wise, foresee all events ? 117. What gave rise to most of the laws in force among civilized nations 1 IS. What lias happened to old regulations? 119. What has caused this great difference between many of the ancient and modem laws? 120. Who is meant by the
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
140
47
Diffusion.
sciences
letters
and,
above
all,
the 'pro-
Improving.
Saviour of mankind.
mankind
122.
.Redeemer.
Saviour of
.
tM$
121. Where do we in the 142J line? What do you suppose would be the result if
find his
all lived
according
to the doctrine
taught by Jksus
Christ?
LESSON
( 1).
XIII.
Infallible.
Sort.
Ever.
Cultivated.
Intricate.
5 sivc and
dence.
Half savage.
Orders.
'commands of a king, or some other despotic ruler and even savages obey their chief, 'endure the rules which the 'customs of their
;
Abide by.
Ordain.
Justice.
which 'alarm
Frightens.
ciating 'remorse
(
1.)
1.
whenever
disre-
Agony.
fallible?
part of
in ty
What do you suppose is meant by infallible pnejo of history, 2. What is the dilh'renre between unerring and in3. What is the meaning of societies, in tho 4th line? 4. What 0. What number? speech is it? 6. What do nouns ending
always denote ! 7. How do they always form their plural? 8. i- the meaning of states, in the 6th line ? 9. Do you know what moaning semi has beforo harharems, in the 6th line? 10. Do you supit alwaya lias this meaning 1 11. What it your reason for this opinion ? 12. Illustrate the moaning of semi with some other words. 13. What is tho meaning of pre before scribe, in the 10th line? 14. Does it always have the same power when used as a prtflxt 15. Illustrate its meaning with some other words. ( 2.) 16. Do you mpI
their reasons,
Mies.
iodiflerentij
48
garded.
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
( 2.)
Law
is
Is
diffused
throughFree.
15 no created being
ing care
'exempt from
protect-
nor
Turn
aside.
from
its
Wholesome.
Communities
Restrained
within.
Even
20 tain
in
blessings,
each individual
in
'restricted to cer-
'limitations
'
his
intercourse
with
Bounds.
Clothed.
Violated.
others,
tend alike to
'in-
security
is
Putting in hazard.
Citizen.
an
community.
suffi-
Component.
Adequate.
Desire.
do what
due
was
'strictly just
Rigorously.
to take only
what was
'lawful
then, indeed,
restricall
Proper.
W.int.
man
in
'ages
Times.
Infirmity.
proves
Propensity.
17. What is the is anyplace where there is not law? meaning of being, in the 1 5th line? IS. Why would not beings bfl a better word than being, in the 15th line, inasmuch as nothing is exempted? 19. If the wisest and best men are required to observe cer-
unreasonable that scholars should scrupulously regard 20. Which do you suppose most benefits the pupils, ? the school with perfect order, or the school without any order? 21. Do you think each one at school should strive to aid the teacher in preserving perfect order ? ( 3.) 22. Do you suppose there might be any condition in which human lair would not be necessary? 23. What does all history prove? 24. What is necessary for man's quiet and happiness? 25. What does reason and revelation alike prove? 2b'.
tain rules,
is it
What
ously
ods
the 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th. 3 1st, and "Ud lines respectively? 27. cfo you suppose man is used in the 31st line, as it is evident the author meant the whole human race? (4.) 28.
infirynity, in
iveaknessnm]
is
the difference
between
disposed
and
inclined
strictly
and
rigorI
peri-
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
clination to evil, he has been 'prone to
49
go
Disposed.
'
indispensable to
Necessary.
Quiet
Bear witness
Designed.
Creator.
Spiritual beings.
man was
'
'
by the Deity
law and
of
intelligences
is
no such thing
Comply with.
Original.
man gave up
it
certain natural
AirUmed.
Privileges.
Plain.
rights
of civil
45 society, but
was
to
Fact.
do as he 'chose, for
if
Liked.
Claims.
then
all
were equally
'
'Suppose
Admit.
50
all
have natural
liberty,
Freedom.
Mercy.
Desirous.
any
person
who
is
them from
us.
Breach.
Tranagrewioa.
a 'violation alike of
liberty, for
'God created
is
Jehovah.
man
'state.
his natural
Amenable.
Condition.
What
lias often
been asserted
for this
tonnes can you use case, in 32. Is the assertion that "all men shall convey a different meaning? were created equal" literally true? 33. What are your reasons for 34. If some are born deformed or with sickly constitin-* opinion? tution*, and others are born perfect and robust, what is the meaning r r ;. What reaof " all tcere born with fyual rights," in the 47th lino? 36. What erTect do you sons prove that no one has natural liberty? suppose it would have in this country if every one violated the laws
).
29. Is such the case ? ? 30. What are opinion ? 31. In how many simple senthe 4Gth line, so that in each instance it
that
appeared unjust?
37.
||
50
( 5.)
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
The laws
of one's 'country
may
may or of man
;
State.
Guard.
The worldly
estate.
of the individual's
is
condition
but
Mode
ing.
of be-
the
law of God
a perpetual
security
Protection.
Tyranny.
where
the laws of
God
Have
being.
Divine.
Liable.
weaker are subject to the and the 'stronger may, in their turn,
subject
(6.)
It
More powerful.
become
weaker.
of our
to
'combinations
of
the
Coalitions.
K innrkfd.
70 served that
Depend
on.
own 'making;
in
'
examine
the
r'nuiiiru,'.
we
shall find
most
exist-
luMnqr,
force before
it is
we had
this
Opt ration.
Plain.
ence
furthermore,
75 majority of
'people,
even of
country,
Citizen*.
own
Ruled.
may
be 'enacted
Made.
own
lives.
EuMfeoa
of man? ( 5.) 38. What is the meaning of the expression, "one's 39. May the laws of one's country operate country" in the 58th line? unequally? 40. What laws always operate justly 41. Wbal would be the condition of society if the principles of the sacred law were banished? 42. Do you suppose any nation ever enjoyed true liberty that had not received the aid of Divine revelation ? 43. D. you suppose we often enjoy many blessings which are the result of Christianity without being conscious of the true source from when they flow? (6\) 44. Do you suppose liberty consists in laws of our own making? 45. What are your reasons for this opinion? 46. How long do you suppose most of the laws of this country have been in force? 47. Why are not a majority of the people in this country governed by laws of their own making, even when the laws are made during
?
their lives? 48. What is the difference between people and citizgoverned and ruled statutes and laws enacted and made, in the 75th. 76th, and 77th lines respectively? 49. What words do you consider
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
7.)
51
The
is
80 consists, (1S4^.)
in
round number
the
members; 31
the
in
senate and
116
in
Upper I
house of representatives
Lower
Is evident.
that a
bill
may
Law.
Lecai
ber.
85
rity of
in
one vote
'house
58 would be a
16
in
Dum-
the
and
the
HallofrepresentaliTes.
contingency
might
therefore
happen
Fortuiloof erent.
Prerail
in.
which a
bill
re-
sanction of the
Approval.
law
conse-
MM*
:
the
whole
union
:r.:rr
might be governed by a law made by 75 men; and 217 senators and representatives
might be 'opposed
to
'
Vttptktmm
the
95 men, which
would
govern
upwards of
Rule.
On
the
other
the
synonyms, and what definitions, in section 6 ? ( 7.) 50. Why is term round numbers used in the 80th line? 51. In the line, it is asserted that the fall number is 291 members, can you
tell
how many
with
the
in
Can the largest State, with nearly more senators than the smallest
than one hundred thousand inhabitants? 53. If you States and the whole number of members in 54. Congress, can you not tell how many representatives there are ? How many make a quorum in the house ? 55. How many in the 57. How 56. How many may pass a law in the house? senate? many in the senate ? 5S. How is it that, in the 85th line, it is said ay be a majority, when there are 116 necessary to make a quoif only one-half of 116 why would not 58 be a tie, and rum, an J 59. Could there possibly be a contingency in which not a majority ? 75 men might make a law that would govern upwards of twenty If such is the power of law-makers, what 6 millions of people? ought to be the character of all men elected to legislative bodies? people do you suppose the most likely to discern and elect men of pure principles and patriotic character, an intelligent or an
less
know
number of
52
hand, a
bill
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
of the 'utmost importance
may
Highest.
Prohibited.
100
by the President it must then be returned say the to the house in which it 'originated
;
Sent back.
house of representatives
'unanimously
;
who
Had
origin.
'pass
it
again
Sanction.
Without
a dia-
it
who
ele're-
enting to ice.
happen
to
nineteen
and
favor of the
it
bill
Support.
Obtain.
Plurality.
ven against
it
consequently
does not
and
bill
is
defeated: hence
'vital
it
appears that a
Bendered
null.
of
Essential.
by
the
any
vanity
Despotic.
no the imbecility
or
has
the
it
mistaken 'views of
Opinions.
one man,
who
in his
power during
bill
his
The
prerogative.
continuance
in 'office to forbid
is
from
Authority.
'sustained
by
Upheld.
Delegates.
Tbe
national #
by
the
unanimous
'final
vote
Ultimate.
of eleven senators
the 'views of
may
be in 'opposition to
thirty-one
Contradiction
Sentiment*.
Legislatire counsellors.
may
Further.
people ? 62. What may prevent a bill from becoming a law has unanimously passed both houses of congress? 63. What is the meaning of the word vetoed, in the 98th line? 64. When a bill is vetoed, to which house must it be returned? 65. May a bill, under any circumstances, become a law though the President veto (forbid) it? 66. Name some circumstances in which a contingency might happen to defeat a bill of vital importance ? 67. Can Delaware, with a population of 78,085* inhabitants, send as many senators to congress as the State of New York, with a population of 2,428,921* inhabitants? 68. Why is the term original collective conilliterate
aAer
it
1&40,
New York
3,000,000.
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
be from the six 'smallest States
in the
53
Union,
Least populous.
whose
be
tor
i*S
would
Body of constituents.
less
Legislator.
Expectations
For a time.
Destroyed.
Unfit.
blasted by, it may be, even a good man, though an unsuitable President.
( 8.)
Again, suppose a
'bill
passes unaniBranches.
Approval.
and becomes
less
a law
Though.
Framers.
Inhabitants.
and
it
is
undoubt-
Ruled.
all
by congress, whether
good or
less
for 'evil,
Woe.
Approbation.
than two
Employers.
an average, been a
A mean
pro-
portion.
ho minority of the
to
'
who were
their
Adverse.
Deputies.
representatives.
Thus
More
than.
60. What is the difference in the senators and representatives are elected? ( 8.) bills generally receive the unanimous concurrence
72. Do 71. What are your reasons for this opinion ? -nppose congress could pass an evil law? 73. What are your 74. What kind of men do you think ought Dfl for this opinion? 75. Do you suppose those arc generally elected as legislators? thp best legislators who give the people the most to eat and drink on election days ? 76. What men in former republics adopted this pracM there is any danger that men may become candidates for congress with any other object in view than the purest
5*
54
Ho even in this
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
country, have been directly
Land.
Made.
it
is,
'
self-evi-
has perfect
are
all
'dependent
no people
dent truth.
can be go-
Freedom.
Constituting.
Unable to exiat by ojiicIvb.
98vttfect
to tbc
of.
and friends
zens
dependent
x
power
dependent
on our cotemporaries
deForefathers.
dependent on the
Hea'
Benevolence.
Complexities
venly Father.
( 9.)
If
intri-
Deputed.
gated pow er
r
on which
is it
Commonwealth.
how
'indispensable
Necessary.
Essential.
all
'principles of
science
that every
Elements.
Improve.
Suffered.
the
to
ambition
obtain
the
of each
'
Ardent desire
ment.
should be
165
aroused
imper-
mind, to 'understand
Comprehend
Sustain.
and transmit
in
'unsullied
bright-
Pure.
American name
receive
'impres-
Good
ties.
quali-
That
all
should
Indelible.
patriotism? 78. What is a self-evident truth? 79. ought each one, then, to perform the trusts committed to his charge? ( 9.) 80. In whose hands is power originally vested? 81. What is understood by delegated or deputed power? 82. Is deputize a correct English
How
word
84.
83.
When power
is
deputed, has
it
irrevocably
left its
grantor?
some of the sufferings which mankind have so long endured ? 85. What is meant by the " wealth of the mind,'' in the 165th line? 86. Why may the American name be considered bright? 87. What is meant by political science? 88. What is the difference between an art and a science? ( 10.) 89. What are republics or comare
What
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
no sive lessons from the fate of former 'republics,
55
Commonwculths.
which,
in their
Time.
Overwhelmed.
asunder by
Apart.
Pomes' ic.
Peers.
of all the
of Europe, proto
Learned men
be the
Want of rule.
Destiny.
Increasing.
now
probably
five
Grown
up.
who can
Knowingly.
Lessened.
Eradicated.
Exertions.
intelligibly,
checked, 'dimin-
and
finally 'extinguished
by the
well-
directed
i-6
efforts
weigh proinestimable
union,
Consider.
Propriety.
perly the
expediency of disseminating in
of
Invaluable.
'fraternal
and
Brotherly.
Feeling.
Christian
190
may
of
be, in all
coming
Sacred.
preserved
Reasonable.
mankind, when
of
became
Lodgment.
Refuge.
human
rights,
monwealths?
90.
What
a more extensive influence, and were comparatively more powerful 91. Why should we loam lessons from these than the United States? republics? 92. Why should those lessons be indelibly impressed ? A'hat is the probable reason that monarchs and noblemen denounce our government? 94. Name some of the causes which may 95. Are crowned heads justly alarm the friends of our government. 96. Are the interested in promoting disunion in the United State*? 97. What literati interested in the perpetuity of our institutions? should be our conduct towards those who dilnr from us in opinion?
98.
fall
of former
56
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
pressed and trodden-down of
'the
old world.
Europe.
Facts.
195
In
view of
all
these
impending 'circum-
may
it
not be
Public menaces.
Prudence.
unceasing 'vigilance
in
Watchfulness.
Unrivalled.
Estimate.
Law-makers.
l the
Greece
Most prosperous.
and
205
Rome
should
'
indefati-
Unwearied.
Carry.
knowintel-
Mental.
may
be presented to assert
Array of
men
the rights of
mankind
to
'demonstrate to
we
Kingdoms.
ftenowncd.
Copy.
praise our
'imitate
'
illustrious ancestors in
in actions,
words we
their envi-
them
and that
won
while
Fame.
Stained.
by
the degene-
racy of their
215
'posterity
Descendants.
Instil.
institutions,
human
im-
Approaching
mating
republics?
'perfection
of
human
statutes,
Supreme excellence.
( 11.) 99.
unequalled? ( 12.) phers? 102. Legislators? 103. Heroes, of antiquity? 104. Whence is the word pahniest derived? 105. Why is it applicable to the subject? 106. What is the nature of the indefatigable exertions we should use? 107. What is meant by a phalanx ? 108. What is the
How are the inhabitants of Europe oppressed Why may our institutions be considered 101. Who were some of the principal philoso100.
strongest
bulwark of American
liberty?
109.
What
is
the general
tendency of republican institutions? 110. Are republics favorable to literature? 111. What should we endeavor to show the monarchies of the world? 112. Which do you think the best way to honor our
NATCRE OF LIBERTY.
part additional veneration for the
the Divine
57
Adoration.
wisdom of
the
ten-
law
instil
an implicit obedience
Compliance
with.
to
the decrees of
heaven
secure
in
human
Creature.
ancestors, to
praise
to
them
words
or imitate
them
in ac-
tions
113.
What ought
?
republican institutions
LESSON XIV.
(^ 1.)
It has been
'shown that
man was
wide
dis-
Indicated.
that the
Orderly.
State.
the
the
to the
power
Inclination.
Detriment.
weak
cesses
of the
all,
Checking.
Vile.
to
secure to
tial to
and
'privileges essen-
Claims.
Fruition.
the pursuit
10 ness
Fellowship.
Inclinations.
with those of
conditions,
and the
'desire for
knowledge,
Wish.
f'on'inually.
men
it
together.
'requisite
(2.) In
all civil
socie-
Communities
Essential.
15
ties,
is
that
each
individual
in-
Quit.
rights,
and
redressing
personal
Repairing.
the 3d line?
ence between
prefixes signify
difference between disparity and inequality, in 2. What M ibe diilertheir prefixes denote? What <h> tli**ir ignorant and illitrratf. in \ho Ml llO
I
H ow would
ttkt
\
it
tflect
the
tease,
if
ibe
eommi
dirt"*r-
were omitted
after all in
tb
58
'wrongs
;
NATURE OF LIBERTY.
every one must take the general
Injuries.
will of the
community
resort to
for a 'guide,
'
and
re-
Rule.
Violence.
In place.
20 nounce
all
individual
it
force, for
the
protection
Solely.
Regrular discipline.
L'ruted.
Men
with
the
best 'intentions
often err;
Hastino*.
Hinder.
Deductions.
Proper.
'precipitancy, or the
want of knowledge or talent, may prevent them from coming to correct 'conclusions concerning what is
( 3.)
30
'just.
Civil society
;
is
intended to 'remove
Displace.
these 'difficulties
Impediments
riiusrn.
such rules as
may
re-
best
it is
Nt KM v-ary.
35 quisite that
Lawful.
Administer,
t.ute.
Christian communities
administer
MatMra.
ronstant.
sent
40 the 'immunity
mote
maintain
error
Entire.
'perfect
ence between relinquish and quit, in the lGth line? 5. What is it requisite for every one to do in civil society? 6. What may pr< even good men from coming to just conclusions? 7. To what does it refer, in the 21st line? 8. What is the meaning of noyxe, in the 22d
between administer and contrido their prefixes ad and con denote? 10. In how many simple sentences can you write degree, in the 38th line, so that in each case it shall convey a different meaning? 11.
line?
bute, in
What
is
the difference
What
Jine?
What do
is
the difference
they refer, in
between perpetual and constant, in the 39th and con denote? 12. To what does the 39th line? 13. What is the character of laws entheir prefixes per
LAW OF
private conduct without
ot
NATIONS.
59
Submission.
Infringing.
regulate
to pre-
individual opinions,
and binding
Dictated.
Forms.
LAW
OF NATIONS.
Immunities.
Prescribes.
The Law
varied
each other;
is
Dealings.
from the
Proceeding.
Control.
of
men
Companionable.
On no
rier
Varied.
Notwithstanding
more than on
55
lished
yet none
is
more simple
It
is
of comprehension.
'estabis
Erected.
Foundation.
Acknowledged.
'recognized, understood
among
ties.
communi-
Intelligent.
(5.) Its
binding power
;
is
'
entirely of a
Authority.
Essential.
ral
its
fundamental
Do
ye
Embraced.
Like.
circumstances, should
do unto you,"
Situations.
Commands.
The human
race.
among
all
'mankind.
to
There
is
no hu-
65 man tribunal
national law.
tain
enforce an observance of
in this respect, 'sus-
Seat ef juatioe.
Nations,
Bear.
Attitude.
that
if all
Single.
r*-vt
roved.
f by Christian communities? 14. What vrai 1.) ( sen the law of nations and mfcrnational
}'
the
pr<-:
\
national
("
.">
L5.
What
i-
the vali<l
\CK
What
relation
60
70
( 6.)
LAW OF
NATIONS.
for the 'adjustsettlement
Quarrels.
Injunea.
Criterion.
Each
Hence,
reason
its
own
'wrongs, and
decides
own
'standard of justice.
when a
75 and the
Dispute.
Litigants.
Customs.
Expedient
War. Famous.
taptot,
lU-in-voleno<\
of 'arms.
( 7.)
It
80
lies
Athens, that
fruitful
mother of philosophers
Prolific
and statesmen, who instructed the world in the arts and 'sciences, encouraged her navy
85
in 'piracy,
Taught
Systematic
I!:l'Ii
and put
to
sea rob-
In ry
women and
children of
Females.
Vanquished.
VuilIlN J
Rome,
is
the
90 world,
Imperious.
Perfidious.
disgrace of the
Registered.
do nations sustain toward each other ? ( 6.) 17. Repeat the substance of section sixth. 18. What is the difference between controversy and dispute, in the 74th line? 19. Disregard and slight, in the 75th line? 20. Usages and ettstortts, in the 76th line? ( 7.) 21. Give a synopsis of section seventh. 22. What Es the difference between renoittied and fatuous, in the 79th line? 23. Regard and respect, in the 80th line? 24. Fruitful and prolific, in the 8 2d line? 25. Instructed and taught, in the 83d line? 36. Conquered and vanquished, in the 88th line? (8.) 27. Of what does section eighth treat ? 28. What is the distinction between celebrated and illustrious, in the 90th line? 29. Treacherous and perfidious, in the 91st line? 30. Recorded and registered, in the 93d
' j
LAW OF
95 that whoever
only in
NATIONS.
61
Commended.
Moved.
Bondman.
Recent.
modern times
them,
that
nations
like the
Taking.
'composing
considered
Forming.
Unchangeable.
of justice.
In a state of 'peace
in
all
Tranquillity.
the nations in
'relation to
Christendom stand
an 'equal
Uniform.
Connection.
Consideration.
entitled to
in
good
Mutual.
Particular.
Diversified.
Establishments.
whatever
or
may
p.\ver,
tical
and religious
It is
a funda-
mental principle
Doctrine.
Complete.
Advantage.
Domestic.
Dictate to.
lege of regulating
political
internal policy,
and no
ii5
power has a right to 'jyrescribe for another a mode of government or 'form of religion. The Law of Nations, which 'equally dispenses its rights and requires the fulfilment of its obligations, has for its 'objects the peace, the happiness, the 'honor and the unfading glory of mankind.
Ceremony.
Equably.
Immunities.
Ends.
Dignity.
Humanity.
Give a detailed account of section ninth. 32. What between modem and recent, in the '.Tth line? 33. Peace and tranquillity, in the 101st line? 34. Equal and uniform, in the I02d Line? 35. Power and strength, in the 107th line? ( 10.) 36. Repeat the substance of section tenth. 'M What is the difference l>e11th 3*. Mode, in the n prescribe and dictate, in the 113th line? and the word method 1 39. Form and ceremony, in the 111th line? 41. Object* and ends, in Equally and equably, in the 115th tine the 117th line? 42. Honor and dignity, in the 1 Mh line?
line
is
* ( 9.) 31. the difference
.
62
LAW OF
NATIONS.
XV.
LESSON
(^ 1.)
The Law of
parts, 'viz.
:
'Nations
may be divided
Commonwealth*
into
two
the Necessary
Law
of
Namely.
Absolute.
Precepts.
Prescribes.
Law
of Nations,
or International
Law.
Those
'principles of
may
Regarded
as.
Law
-
mpM
Intercourse.
General.
10 the ablest
jurists,
numerous
Examples.
Customs.
Nation.
any portion of the 'necessary law of nations any more 15 than 'single individuals can, by their private acts, 'alter the laws by which the States
its
separate
laws,
invalidate
Requisite.
Sr;.;.r;i!
Change.
Dwell.
Kxj.hnt.
wherein they
'Positive,
'
live are
governed.
( 2.)
The
treaties
20 sovereigns or nations.
rious
Negotiations
kinds:
as,
treaties
of 'peace
of
Amity.
Union.
'alliance, offensive
and defensive
'disputed boundaries
Trado.
Contested.
25
'interest,
policy or honor.
The
difficult
Concern.
Of what does section first treat? 2. What is the difference between principles and precepts, in the 4th line? 3. Sanctioned and countenanced, in the 9th line? 4. Alter and change, in the 10th line? 6. What is the (2.) 5. Of what does section second treat? difference between sovereigns and monarchs, in the 20th line? 7. Disputed and contested, in the 24th line? 8. Display and exhibit, in the
( 1.)
1.
LAW OF
ries
NATIONS.
full
63
Ambassadors
power.
of
three, or
at
and
Appointed.
(\mvcr.in?.
Reciprocally.
Exhibit.
often
to
'display
much
ingenuity in
as
making
each
the preliminary
Acuteness.
Obtain.
Conditions.
arrangements,
the best
strives
'secure
possible
country.
Nation.
35
( 3.)
After
the
plenipotentiaries
have
Diplomates.
come
their
to 'an
stipulation.
agreement, which
live nations
Covenant.
or sovereigns
if its 'arti-
Terms.
At once.
Lands.
Support.
Null.
cles
ne an international
law
but
if
either
power
acts of
its
'inoperative
quo.
In the
As before.
Approbation.
Necessary.
is
're-
and
'ratification
of
Confirmation
The Necessary Law of Nations may apply to the whole human family; whereas international law is more 'circuma treaty.
ribed
in
its
Compact.
Rule.
Restricts]
Limit.
extent,
contracting nations.
(4.)
'an
acknous
recognized
Select.
10. ($3.) 0. Give a detailed account of section third. the difference in the meanings of agreement and covenant, in \->. Cir11. Sanction and support, in the 41st line? 7th line? no is the name cumtrribed and in the 40th line?
ine*
i*
What
^n
you
tell
the
Q
condition in which
it
(V)
15.
It-
Gf what
treat'
What
is
the
diflerencc
64
LAW OF
dient,
NATIONS.
it
deems expeat
'pleasure,
System.
Abrogate.
every nation
its
may
alter,
or even abo-
55
lish,
internal
regulations
W.U.
Variations.
in the least
any of its obligations to other governments, and that the claims of individual
creditors are not thereby 'weakened.
Impair.
Private.
No
Invalidated
60 division of
territory, 'coalescence
in
with other
Tnion.
Injure.
powers, or change
pair any of
its
rights or 'discharge
from
that
Free.
Liabilities.
any of
(5.)
its
just
engagements.
community or 'kingdom
to
Kerilm.
65 should resort
its
any subterfuge
that should
to
shake off
Kv:iM..n
'obligations
its
or
make war
menu
upon
InonVndinp.
serting
any
70 of conquest, would
claim to
Law
of Nations, and
Defence.
would
Im;r
Every
Confederacy.
Abandonment
to join a league
possessions.
(6.)
It
is
generally 'ac'use
its
Allowed.
Employ.
the 51st line? 16. Abolish and abrogate, in the 54th line? and union, in the GOth line? 18. Impair and injure, in the 61st line? ( 5.) 19. Of what does section fifth treat? 20. What is the difference between subterfuge and evasion, in the 65th line ? 21.
17. Coalescence
22. Sake and purpose, in ? Robbery and depredation, in the 75th line? (6.) 24. Give a synopsis of section sixth. 25. What is the difference be23.
LAW OF
80
NATIONS.
65
Judgment.
Any.
own
'discretion in
other treaties
of
its ter-
Cede.
Conditioned.
provided that in so doing the rights no other power are either molested or
Commonwealth
85 'endangered.
to
right
Jeoparded.
Engross.
Choice.
monopolize
own
internal
and colonial
at 'option
trade,
Count ry.
Granted.
The
Arms
sole.
territory
to all
inland bays
of the sea.
and
the
and
Watrrs
to
Contiguous.
Usage.
Ships.
95 dered
the
it
jurisdiction
own
country to
Limits.
(8.)
pass-
Furnished.
Authoritative
is
an
official
certificate,
bearing the
whose
flag
Beneath.
Leave.
Harbors.
joo
it
from and
to
to certain
Determinate.
(ion.
Circumstantial.
&c.
Cnptain.
use
and employ,
choice, in
in the
79th line?
26. Discretion
and judgment,
28.
27. Surrender
and
eerie,
in
Op-
and
section seventh.
the B7th line? (7.) 29. Repeat the substance of 30. What is the difference between adjoining and
1
line?
31.
Mtoge, in
the
v It and
ships,
33.
Provided and
furnished, in the 97th Linel ( 8.) 34. Of what does lection eighth 35. What is the difference between under and beneath^ in the treat? leave, in the 100th line 37. Porte end 36. Perm 99th lino? 38. Mmutr end nnumstantitil, in the 103d harbors, in the 10 1st line?
l
6*
66
105
LAW OF
and request
all
NATIONS.
Am*raNe.
powers to permit her to 'pursue the prescribed voyage without 'interruption; and although the vessel
'friendly
Disturbance.
may
'be
merchant,
or 'crew
insult,
Belong
Sailors.
to.
the
vessel
'
and
Affront.
one requiring
'the
full
'reparation, according to
Amendment.
International law.
laws of nations*
(9.)
The
that
Recip?
quires
they
should
have 'accredited
of each
wit:
Authorized.
Personate.
or legislative
'assemblies
Convocations
Officials.
These
officers
Namely.
Rank.
lntcniunrms
class,
Of
fill'
accredited to
nations,
sovereigns
class,
125
or 'independent
(V Affaires,
1th
Free.
'Charges
accredited to the
( 10.)
minister of foreign
'affairs.
An am- BaMW
K ipc
bassador
'rank
;
is
taliTfc
he acts
IVcrre.
or government
titled to all the
130
that
en-
Has a
claim.
respect and
immunities that
Privileges.
Personates.
Individually.
be
line?
if
'personally present.
An ambassador
39. Friendly
and
amicable, in the 105th line? 40. Pursue and 41. Insult and affront, in the 110th line? ?
( 9.) 42.
Of what does section ninth treat? 43. What is the difference between mutual and reciprocal, in the 113th line? 44. What is the difference in the meanings of class, order and rank, in the 119th 46. What line? ( 10.) 45. Give a detailed account of section tenth.
LAW OF
is
NATIONS.
67
Responsible.
Courts.
not
country
i3o
to
which he
is
sent.
For
flagrant
to
i'uormous.
offences he
may. however, be
witli
sent
his
Crimes.
own government,
bassadors
ablest
demand
that he
Requirement
Am-
Commensurate.
are
usually
selected
from the
Commonly.
Statesmen.
Capital.
'politicians
uo tries
their residence
Treat.
(k 11.)
In times of peace,
it is
usual
Seasons.
f>r
to be represented
Country.
Court.
Obligations.
at the
145
Negotiating.
Benefit
own
of.
government
the designs
ut
in
Fat homing.
Schemes.
Sojourns.
vernment
meet
in
which he
is
'resides,
and
that of
may
Envoys.
Continual.
Dishonesty.
Officers.
hence there
'constant danger of
among
It is
the highest
a mournful fact,
that foreign
more
cele-
Noted.
plots.
tional gratitude
Nabeen awarded to
Chasteness.
Thanks.
Individuals.
the difference
47.
48.
between demand and requirement, in the 136th line? Between adequate and commensurate, in the L37tb lino? (11.)
Give a synopsis of section eleventh. 49. What \i the difference between timet and seasons, in tho 14 2d line? 50. Between grandeur and magnificence, in the 15Sth line?
68
LAW OF
NATIONS.
LESSON
( 1.)
XVI.
Appointed.
envoy is a person 'deputed by a sovereign or government to 'negotiate a treaty, or to 'transact any other business
with a foreign nation.
5 applied to
a
public
for
is
An
Make.
Manage.
The 'word
'minister
is
usually
Tenn.
Agent.
sent
on
an
'emergency, or
particular
purpose.
plenipotentiary
full
Commonly.
Deputies.
Pistant.
The
representatives of the
foreign
government of
duties
nominated
of.
'instructions given
Sort
Atlvirc.
15 'cabinet at Washington.
The
business
poiwdL
Amrr;.
pulilir.
itely.
u-tions
AdmmistraP.sturbed.
which they
the
and
Encourage.
proceedings
that
tend
to
'ameliorate
'condition of the
human
race.
The
distinc-
Si'u ition.
F.etwixt.
25
tentiaries,
'relates
Applies.
2. What is the dif( 1.) 1. Repeat the substance of section first. ference between icord and term, in the 4th line ? 3. Between emergency and exigency, in the 6th line? (2.) 4. Give a synopsis of section second. 5. What is the difference between correctly and accurately, in the 17th line ? 6. Between encourage and countenance, in the 21st line ?
LAW OF
chiefly to
quette,
NATIONS.
and
'eti-
69
iVreinony.
Requisite.
diplomatic precedence
to
and not
and
privileges.
I'levouahves.
Confirm.
Reject.
ministers.
( 3.)
Agents.
Stands.
in
the
class
and
is
Order.
Concerns.
In lieu.
35 ness
in
R;mk.
Factor.
consul
is
'reside
Dwell.
Maritime towns.
Exemptions.
Neither.
Shelter.
law of nations.
'annulled at
Cancelled.
Option.
Lives.
45 he
'resides,
Abrogated.
Supplies the place of.
Bear.
OfliriaJly.
ment which he
'represents.
certificate of their
in
Get.
Intend.
Empowering
Attend
to.
them
8. What is the difference (3.) 7. Of what floes section third treat? between business and concerns, in tho 34th line? 0. Between mzent and factor, in the 37th line? (S l) 10. Repeal the substance oi rnmj and hear, in 11. What i- the diffe tion fourth. the 4Sth line? 12. Between empowering and mtihorizingi in the 52d
70
ties.
LAW OF
The
to the
NATIONS.
is
'business of consuls
to attend
Occupation.
Mercantile.
55
their 'country
'stipulated
and
its
citizens.
Unless
it is
Government.
Covenanted.
by
consul
is
Decorum.
Declining.
between nations
Enmity.
Evil.
War,
ever
'afflicted
the
human
'
race, has,
among
laws.
Troubled.
civilized nations,
It is
its
formalities
it
and
its
Ceremonies.
Preface.
customary
to 'precede
by a demand
65 for redress of
grievances.
When
every
Wtaiffc
Procure.
Kctln
ss.
means has been resorted to in vain to obtain when peace is more dangerous and 'justice
'deplorable
than
war
itself
then
nations
Lamentable.
Publish.
usually
'set
accompa-
and
curry on.
War.
Proclaim.
Authority.
'declare
reign.
war
war
usually vested
in
the sove-
declare
/r-
Congress.
75 gislaturc.
x
( 6.)
declared,
Commenced.
in the belligerent
coun-
a party
own
gov-
rned in
is
war between
all
Countries.
80 the individuals
'
Persons.
Functionaries.
minions.
The
of government are
Only.
line? 14. What is (5.) 13. "Repeat the substance of section fifth. the difference between obtain and procure, in the 66th line? 15. Between declare and proclaim, in the 7 2d line? ( 6.) 16. Of what does section sixth treat? 17. What is the difference between evident and
LAW OF
the people.
It is
NATIONS.
71
Manifest.
indirectly contributes to
Support.
Vast.
85 much as
it requires 'enormous sums of moand can be waged only by the general ney,
Prosecuted.
Concurrence
Warrior.
paving taxes.
direct,
The
Combatant.
Sharers.
Glory.
may
Shame.
Object pursued.
mon
'cause.
(?.)
When
is
ter-
Hoatilely enters.
Pretext.
called
war on
the
Aggressive.
war on
'Offensive
ioo
the
part
of the
nation
'invaded.
Attacked.
Invading.
Potent. Proves.
wars are generally waged by the most powerful nations and nothing more
;
clearly
demonstrates
the
absurdity
and
the
'injustice of
fact that
by them
Wickedness.
Despots,
Misery-
power
fill
kind.
that
it
Wicked.
Ravaged.
V..ritV rated.
human
slaughter-house,
have
'cla-
mored most about the justice of their cause. The most idolized generals, those who have
no
Party.
Adored.
commanded
and boasted
Vaunted.
manifett, in the
line?
(^ 7.)
L9,
18. Between enormous and 83d line? Give a bvim lion seventh.
;
vast, in the
85th
the
20
What
!
is
difference
yon
between / le renowne
I
'
woftpet, in the
:
1th line
1
21.
Can
22.
l:
to
be republicans,
!
72
LAW OF
most of their republican
the
first to
NATIONS.
have been
Motives.
Dreaa of
kloff*.
'principles,
man.
liberties to those
to
Steal.
Why
ought not people to entrust their most about their patriotism and devotion
who
vaunt
?
republican principles
LESSON
( 1.)
XVII.
is
A Blockade
the 'surrounding of a
EocompoMlng.
manner
as to prevent 'escape
and hinder
A departure.
Military tore*.
supplies of provisions
'compel a surrender
at-
Force.
Need.
Allowed.
Succour.
No
any
neutral
nation
is
'permitted to
afford
'relief
whatever
to the inhabitants
all
'supplies in a
relief
Commodities
Conveyance.
Forfeiture.
such
are
mere declaration
'binding
of a blockade
is
not
considered
Obligatory.
Non-combatant
upon
'neutrals
Encircled.
Dangerous.
Informed.
Investment.
Cessation.
of the 'blockade.
Truce
is
a tem-
agreement of the
Hostile.
at
Cause.
What
is
the difference
2.
Why
3.
How many
section
Of what does
treat?
( 2.)
5.
What
LAW OF
NATIONS.
73
may
be
Close.
Revived.
Uinittd.
Stops.
partial or general.
A par-
Specified.
Investing:.
army
-
besieging
to
all
it
but
a general
truce
nds
the territories
and dominions
Includes.
Hostile.
of the
belligerent nations.
An
Armistice
Restricted.
30
to
short
truce,
and
solely to
military
Brief.
affairs.
( 3.)
Matters.
declaration of
war
is
a total pro-
Proclamation
Communication.
hibition of all
dealings between
Traffic.
35
tile
powers; and
all
contracts
made with
the
Bargains.
and
Foe.
Subject.
unlawful for a
'citizen
of one of
the
'
Contending.
money
( 4.)
to a citizen
Transmit.
An embargo
Land.
An
injunction.
port.
This
'restraint
Restriction.
by
the 'supreme
is
government of a country,
Paramount.
and
virtual.
Threatening.
I.ici'lisr.
marque and
under
reneived and revived, in the 22d line? G. denote? 7. Of what two subjects does section tion third. 9. What second treat? (3.) S. Repeat the substa
is
the difference
What do
their prefixes
between dealings and trujfir, in the 84th line? 10. and bar^'iin.*. in the 85th lino? ($4.) 11. Give a synopsis of section fourth. 12. What is the iiflereiMM between (frclined
is
the difference
Between
contracts
74
ment
to
its
LAW OF
citizens to
prisal of the
NATIOxXS.
seizure or
'reCapture.
make
'property of an enemy, or of
Goods.
Individuals.
50 'persons
who
Declined.
Giving.
marque
private
and
reprisal.
The
Men-of-war.
J'o.-vstssei],
by a government
55 citizens are
( 5.)
to
be 'owned by
its
'called privateers.
is
Named.
Agreement.
CeremonioMljr.
Treaty
tween two or more nations, 'formally signed by commissioners 'duly appointed, and ratified in the most sacred manner by the su60 preme power of each state, which thereby
'plights
its
Properly.
Hjghest.
Br that muni.
national
fidelity
and
honor.
PtodfMi
tlly.
they are
'ratified,
Approved
nets.
65
victuals.
fair
and
'construction and
be
kept
mat ion
Sacred.
udes.
'inviolable.
know not what 'changes may await them. The most powerful states, whose citizens
70 vainly
'boasted of their perpetual
iments
grandeur
their
Vaunted.
Tontinuance.
and
'duration,
monuments of
it
Human
skill.
Hence
Barbarous.
Becomes.
and
13. Between called and named, in the 15. What (5.) 14. Of what does section fifth treat? is the difference in the meaning of agreement and contract, in the 56th line? 16. How many different parts of speech are there in the mar-
55th line?
ginal exercises in section fifth ? ( 6.) 17. What is the difference in the meaning of changes and vicissitudes, in the 68th line? 18. What
LAW OF
75 apply
to themselves the
NATIONS.
75
Infallible.
same
'unerring rules
Benevolence
Demand.
Curb.
Justice.
to 'check
:
fraud, oppression
and
vio-
to sustain
and
the
BO peace
earth
;
among
all
the
in
weaker powers of
and the
Quiet.
to unite
the
enforcement of the
'rational
Patting in execution.
positive
law of
'the
nations,
Reasonable.
usages of
(7.)
It
Christian
xrorld.
Christendom
Closing.
Effect.
may
be observed, in 'concluding
'tendency of
85
Increase the
power
Despots.
of.
more
'direst
many
that
cher-
Most
terrible
and
fosters 'all
manner
Every description.
Essential part.
90 of wickedness
Divine law
is
Disseminated
Mass.
more temperate,
Grow.
Upright.
honest, industrious
and
intelligent
'
that,
con-
better,
cultivate
inter-
More prosperous.
Generous.
External.
nal peace
and
'dignity.
Honor.
Minister.
can 'contribute
a cor-
Happiness.
Sinking.
own
that
the inns!
sacred observance
Scrupulous.
Definite.
of the
is
19. Repeat the substance of secthe Huty of all powerful nations? sixth. ($ 7.) 20. What ia the difference between co nctu dmg and 21. Repeal the Mbetanee <.|" taction seventh. closinz. in the Mth line?
tion
guaranty
r >f
76
is
105
to
Necessary.
Welfare.
Franchises.
human
family,
and the
be
will
'tranquillity
of the world.
light
It
is
to
Peace.
Desired.
Entirely.
of Christianity
the
spirit
soon
'utterly extinguish
of
Bloodshed.
those that
and grandeur? 23. Which do you think the happiand nations, those that resort to fraud and violence, or deal with justice and humanity?
LESSON
The
XVIII.
Concise.
Character. Help.
more
fully to
Confederacy.
We
'earth
World.
profess to be governed
principles of justice
'latent
by the 'immutable
during
all
Unchanging.
Right
that
fire
ages a
spark of the
in the
has 'glowed
human breast
that nearly
Hurnrd.
Elements.
Duwc ruinated.
principles
Surface.
Appeared.
Ignorance. Ruin.
'darkness
when
The
difficult
the sun of
human
liberty
15 had
set
Repeat the substance of section first. 2. To whom do you suppose the principles of republicanism were given by inspiration?
( 1.)
1.
ORIGIN OF THE AMERICAN CONSTITUTION.
cient republics
77
the
is
Almighty, whose
often
'in-
Unsearchable.
scrutable
wisdom
concealed from
Hidden.
new
world.
Ken.
In that place.
Therein
liberty,
a secret
Selected.
To
that place
trodden of
Kingdoms.
Cast.
the
Fragments.
Blind zeal.
nations
and of
all
more pro-
Symbols.
Prize.
man
30
to value
more highly
and pure
his
'industry
the
Labor.
intellectual
Mind.
approximation of the
Approach.
Fraternity.
age
to
an universal brotherhood
the true
set-
'standard of
( 3.)
human Hence we
dignity.
find,
Criterion.
Shortly.
Examples.
Inhabitants.
Preservation.
owing allegiance
the
first
As
Throne.
Succeeding.
Peopling.
Provinces.
settlement
of
New
England, the
and
New Haven,
How
formed a league,
Compact.
meant by
?
4.
ihe expression "bringing to light a new world," does the world now compare with its con-
dition at that
i
( 2.) 5. Repeat the substance of section second. you give some account of the causes of the first settlement of 7. What was the religious and political condition of this country mankind when this country was first settled? 8. What is the highest attainment of human society? ( 3.) 9. Repeat the substance of sec-
time?
tion thir<!.
10.
What
is
the diflerei
instances
and examples,
78
'perpetual,
Enduring.
T.tle.
under the
name
New
45
their
England.
The
'authority to regulate
'especially
to
Above
all.
levy
'requisitions
upon each
ac-
Demands.
Means.
component colony
cording to
for
population,
an
Given
to.
Deputed.
Provinces.
Existing.
This confederacy,
was
1686.
arbi-
by James
II.,
in
Broken
Diet.
up.
com'fra-
>/r/l
as AttHa
Urotherly.
55 those of
ternal
New
union
and the
protection of their
Defence.
Internal.
'western frontier,
was
more 'mature congress was held at the same place in 1754, 'consisting of 2 commis60 sioners 3 from New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York,
Pennsylvania, and
gress
ish
Perfect.
Comprising.
Delegates.
Maryland.
This 'con-
Assembly,
died.
Ministry.
was
Way.
Feared.
hended.
Government.
Savages.
effect treaties
this
congress
Members.
70 among
whom w as
'
illustrious Franklin,
Renowned.
11.
Between
subsisting
and
13. What is the differ(4.) 12. Give a synopsis of section fourth. ence between apprehended and feared, in the 6Gth line? 14. Between Indians and savages, in the 68th line? (5.) 15. Give a detailed ac-
79
Benerolent.
in-
Made
public.
Admission.
by
their
way
Com patriots.
Brotherly.
75
for future
(5.)
From
Convocation.
parliament anticipated
much
its
support; they
'leading
Expected. Prominent.
hoped
insidiously to bribe
mem-
Moreover.
Secret agents
SO emissaries
confederacies,
easier
so
that
Leagues.
controlled; but
Governed.
Defeated,
The sagacious
Leader.
Method.
Body.
Colonial.
be 'appointed by
of the rights of
Designated.
King.
crown.
( 0.)
Many
war and
Power.
Intended.
Veto.
were 'proposed
to
to
Confederacy.
Include.
'embrace
all
the colonies.
FrighUnul
Embodied.
Artifices.
among
the office-holders
Regal.
its
rejection
was procured
What
7
in
count of section
fifth.
16.
is
the difference
cation, in the
70th line
-
17.
Between
bajfled
83d
L9.
?
What Ss
20.
the
the
'.'
1th line
Between
80
100
and
'singular as
its
it
may
ap-
Curious.
Benefiting.
pear,
on the ground of
Thus, by the
'favouring the
'Crown.
( 7.)
'
Government.
swarms of kingly
'
Multitudes.
Bias.
officers
105
who
filled
the
colonies,
prejudice
was
Most disinterested.
Sycophant*.
ceeded
mosity
the
'
in exciting
much
'
Envy.
Plant a'
nfnrudlinw*.
among
the 'colonies.
So great was
mainly by mo-
disaffection,
fostered
I'ilHSM?.
Lasting.
tyranny
to the
Despotism.
Evident.
became 'apparent
majority of the people, they 'meted out mens rited scorn to the British rulers, and 'reposed
the utmost 'confidence in their
Measured.
Placed.
own
patriotic
Trust.
Congress.
( 8.)
The passage
of the stamp-
Enactment.
Laying.
Awakened.
In erery part
of.
indignation 'throughout
that the tax
all
that
there
Supported.
taxing
'
si-
Like.
milar tax
125
was on
the
Resistance.
Principle.
to tax
Settlements.
Indivisible.
and
regal, in the
seventh treat?
titudes, in
22.
What
98th line? (7.) 21. Of what does section is the difference between stcarms and mul-
line?
the 103d line? 23. Between jealousy and envy, in the 107th 25. What is ( 8.) 24. What is the subject of section eighth? the difference between borne and supported, in the 121st line? 26. Be-
81
at
New
The
II.
I.,
Deputies.
York
recommendation of Massachusetts.
colonies
represented
were Mass.,
IVrMMKlJl'll.
Conn..
\. Y., N.
J.,
and
S. C.
'as-
Now
York.
The
i3o
M;unt;uned.
Only.
Provincial.
serted, that
in
power of taxation
lay
the
'
colonial
legislatures,
rictions
Restraints.
Edicts.
Official
acts o( Parliament,
were
unjust.
The Con-
mes-
sage.
and a
140
petition to
(^
[).)
The
An
introductory.
Enlarged.
phia, in
Permanent.
Groundwork.
Union.
dations of the
145
American
'
Republic.
first
The
was
recom-
Assembling.
Inhabitants.
Succeeded.
Legislatures.
Gatherings
Members.
Mrrtinps.
of the people.
The
Mrt
Selecting.
tember
cers,
4,
1774;
Kadiral.
T.a\v-m:ikinp
station.
similar a
in
.<\
like, in
($9.)
mblotting
ninth.
28.
What
i>
the difference
between
permanent,
the
th<
ie ?
82
LESSON XIX.
( 1.)
As
Convened.
Supreme.
In fact.
power derived
it
di-
Primary.
has been
It
called
Named.
Ended.
Supplanted.
Consolidated
termi-
when
regularly
superseded by
Its
was
in
Deed.
State.
10 questions
Congress, each
;
'
colony
the
and
this
was
Voice.
Fixed.
at the
same
this
place, in
May
Season.
15
It
was
Enacted.
Proclaimed.
Truths.
14th, 1774,
which
bill
set
was the 'rights that was the cause of the American 20 revolution. The grievances under which
( 2.)
It
'
violation of this
of
Infringement
Just claims.
'
Oppressions.
the colonies
'
Requested.
Defence.
2. In how many ( 1.) 1. Repeat the substance of section first. sentences can you use the word May. in the 14th line, so that in each case it shall convey a different meaning ? 3. Is seaso7i in the 14th line, used in its limited or extended sense? 4. In how many sentences can you use the word principles, in the 17th line, so that in each case it shall convey a different meaning? ( 2.) 5. From what is infringement derived, in the 18th line? 6. Repeat the substance of section
t
83
The
'
'declaration of the
is
Promulgation.
of Rights, and of
Independence,
the
Freedom.
Orotind-work.
basis on
and
30 nies
Privileges.
may
Regarded.
People.
distinct
( 3.)
nation.
were
Previous. Separate.
That
is
government existing
The
Provincial or
to sy.
35 RoyaL
ments.
Proprietary,
Grantee.
Kingly.
The
Continued.
Completely.
were
this
'en-
tirely
Under
'
form
System.
Polity.
government.
shire,
New
Jersey,
New Hampgoverned
Ruled.
Period.
Corporated
Obtained.
Subservient
to.
Crown.
( 4.)
The
trtt
Approached
to that of the
1
citizens
Poland.
Defence
Duties.
The powers
Dirrded.
I'lViMOIlS.
the
Legislative,
and the
Judicial.
I.mv-e*Ttmg.
second. 7. What i the difference between considered and regarded, in iho 30lh line? 9. In of lection tliird. (3.) 8. G how many sentences can you use form, in the 89th lino, in each of" What >> adiflerei difference between/orm and system, in the 39th line? 11. Why doef OM follow
.
j<_*
lief*-:
2,
What were
84
were Mass., R.
and
55 Conn.
( 5.)
The
Proprietary governments
were written 'grants from the king to one or more persons, 'conveying to them the general powers of government within their pre'
scribed territories.
The
'
proprietors
exer-
any
any of
the acts of
The Proprietary
and Md.
it
'govern-
65 ments,
were
Pa., 'Del.,
'
( 6.)
Hence
claimed the
70
rectly, to 'abolish
legislative
assembly
'ma-
colonies,
and 'council in the were appointed directly by the king. The judges, and the incumbents of all im'
75 porta nt
the
places,
were
'
also dependent
in
upon
office,
( 7.)
continuance
was
speech?
( 7.) 17.
What caused
18.
From
85
Caused.
which was
Assumed.
Em?hsh.
Maintained.
British government,
and asserted
violated the
in
common law
Broken.
Smallest.
Assertion.
least
portion of the
may
be
considered
Regarded.
Period.
though
in their ad-
the
'
Throne.
Fidelity.
and undoubt-
grievances would be
Wrongs.
Therefore.
Occasion.
tressed,
there
would be no
d
m
95
1778.
It
Convention.
( 8.)
is
Remember.
Prior.
Comprehend.
Adraacemeot.
Above
Shield.
all.
may
Mentioned.
Bjntem of
rale*.
of right
in
Ki^mption from
:.
rule.
pendence
105
in
1770, as
Makinc apparent
great principles of
American
hence
Accordingly.
emed
ostitution
it
unnecessary
precede the
(0.) But
Prefer*
Y.x] revs.
ration of a
new
bill
of rights.
Fresh.
20.
What
is
the colonist9 be deem<-l independent "f Circat Britain ? ( 8.) the general meaning of loyalty, in the 90th line ? meant by the expression palladium of liberty,'' in the .1 what does that, in the 103d 1. ($ 9.) 22.
'
86
the
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.
American people are
them
so 'extremely careJealous.
Imparting.
Spotless.
on
National Assembly.
the 25th of
'
Ninth month
Additions.
Explicitly.
'amendments
which more
Ordain.
and the
'
But the
as
'
Extent.
before
bill
Heretofore.
of
Comprised.
By
(bit
rights
which, though
'
mnni.
Conspicuous.
"hampions.
the Constitution.
CfaMfl
vernment
so that
sentences can you use the word sages, in the 122d line, convey a different meaning in each case? 23. What the meaning of patriots and champions, in the 122d line?
it
how many
shall
LESSON XX.
'DECLARATION OF RIGHTS
Of the 'Continental Congress, October
( 1.)
14, 1774.
Proclamation.
Federal.
Whereas,
Conclusion.
Asserting.
'claiming
power
Restrain.
by 'statutes in all cases whatsoever, hath in 5 some acts 'expressly imposed taxes on them, and
in others,
The
Lacwa
Id direct terms.
Pretexts.
and by whom was the declaration of the bill of Repeat the substance of section first. 3. What is the difference between pretences and pretexts, in the 6th line? ( 2.)
( 1.) 1. rights made?
When
2.
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.
in fact for the
87
Income.
Levied.
Provinces.
Illeg-al.
hath
these
Board of Compowers,
10 missioners,
with
unconstitutional
jurisdiction of Courts of
Control.
Gathering.
Cases.
Originating.
but
for
the
trial
of causes merely
body of a county:
'ill
15
(-)
And
whereas,
consequence of
before held only
By means.
Formerly.
Titles.
who
the
at will
in
their offices,
have been
in
made dependent on
their
*J0
King.
salaries,
Yearly pay.
Recently.
The Assembly of Lord* and Commons.
ved
in
of a statute,
the reign of
made
year of
Enacted.
Rule.
King Henry
accusations
or
may
*jr>
Conveyed.
Charges.
Misdemeanors.
there,
upon
for treasons
and
misprisions,
concealments
of treasons
'committed
statute,
in
by a
late
in
Perpetrated.
such
Enactment.
Stated.
30
( 3.)
And
whereas,
of
Sitting.
'An art
to discontinue,
Regulations.
Postpone.
Period.
ner and for such time as are therein mentioned, the landing
Cnloading.
ttinf
on board
Port.
whtA does
their refer
{
>
line?
(3.]
at
the
cm
third.
88
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.
Boston, in the 'province of Massachusetts
Colony.
Called.
Bay
in
North America
;'
another
'entitled,
'An act for the better 'regulating the govern40 ment of the 'province of Massachusetts Bay, in New England ;' and another entitled, 'An
act for the impartial 'administration of justice, in the
Directing.
Settlement.
Styled.
Dispensation
Tried.
Performance
Restrain meat.
and
Massachu-
'
on mictions
further.
Bay,
in
New
England
for
:'
and another
statute
was
then made,
'making more
All
Rendering.
AJTUgexneota.
government of the
which
sta-
'\ui;1']:l
and
cruel, as well
Unwise.
Perilous.
as unconstitutional,
'destructive of
( 4.)
American
Ruinous to
Meetings.
And
Broken
Consult.
up.
their dutiful,
humble,
Oppressions.
and reasonable
petitions to the
'crown
Government.
Relief.
for 'redress,
60 with 'contempt by
'state
Public aflairs
The
of
several
colonies
-
Inhabitants,
New
s Different.
3 Provinces.
Penn-
Penn's
Also.
Wood
What
is
the difference
8.
45th line?
is
between suppression and restrainment, in the Repeat the substance of section fourth. 9. What between disdain and contempt, in the 60th line?
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.
'Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina,
89
The River
Delaware.
Terrified.
justly
alarmed
at
these
Despotic.
The
ministry
and appointed
'deputies to
meet
Agents.
and
sit
in
Assembly.
Procure.
Philadelphia, in order to 'obtain such establishment, as that their religion, laws, and
lib-
Freedom.
Overthrown.
Convened.
Perfect.
75
erties
may
in
not be
'subverted;
whereupon
now
'assem-
[full
and
free
representation of
Earnest.
Way.
Purposes.
Forefathers.
Englishmen, their
and
vindi-
Maintaining.
'DECLARE,
'
Proclaim.
British.
Unchangeable.
ionies
Truths.
Grants.
RIGHTS.
Agreements.
Determined.
Possessions
That they are en1. 90 titled to life, liberty, and property; and they have never ceded to any sovereign power
whatever
their
15-
Granted.
without
Give away
Permission.
consent.
solved,
'JV.
C. D.
2.
Unanimously
Planted.
95
($
tors,
who
first 'settled
II. What is the dif5.) 10. Repeat the wblinca of section fifth. (6.) ference between compacts and agreements, in the 88th line?
Nemine contradicenU, no person opposing or k
8*
90
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.
at the time
Removal.
Prerogatires.
Privileges.
mother country,
liberties,
the
rights,
and immunities of
Resolved, N. C. D.
free
and natural-
Dominion.
That.
( 6.)
3.
That, by 'such
'sur-
Gave
up.
rendered, or
105
any of those rights, but that they were, and their 'descendants now are, entitled to the exercise and 'enjoyment of all such of them as their local and other circumstances enable them to 'exercise and
'lost
ALenated.
Children.
Fruition.
Situation allow*.
Use.
enjoy.
Hold.
Resolved,
lish liberty,
4.
That
the foundation of
free
Engis
and of
all
government,
Literal.
participate in their
h*r*.
and
T.m cranf
Ur.ccIHl-
I'i>tant.
'ions.
in
the
British
parliament*
exclusive
Pereonated.
Sole.
power of
cial 'legislatures,
where
Assemblies.
ued.
Legislation.
cases
'polity, subject
only
Veto.
manner
case,
and
ac-
Habitual.
UuvoidablcBeM
'necessity of the
and a regard
Reciprocal
of both countries,
125
we
'cheerfully consent to
WdhnglT.
Agency.
12. Repeat the substance of section sixth. between foundation and basis, in the 108th
What
14.
is
the difference
restricted
line
Between
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.
parliament as are, bona fuh\ restrained to
91
Restricted.
130
commerce, for the purpose of 'securing the commercial advantages o( the whole empire to the mother country, and the commercial benefits excluding every of its respective members
the regulation of our
external
Foreign.
Knsunng.
Bent fits.
Trading.
Several.
'idea
ul
taxation,
internal
or external, for
Notion.
Denizens.
Permission.
(?.) Resolved, N, C. D.
5.
That the
're-
Different.
'common
to the
Unwritten.
Particularly.
and
by
inestimable
privilege
of being
Invaluable.
Neighborhood.
tried
140
accord-
Manner.
Resolved,
6.
entitled to
Have a claim
Advantages.
Migration.
Trial.
re-
their
Adequate.
Geographical
several
local
Resolved, N. C, D.
jesty's colonies, are
That
these, h is
maall
The
Also.
King's.
likewise entitled to
privileges, 'granted
the immunities
150
and
and
Bestowed.
I
orrohorated
;ons.
Regulations.
CD.
8.
Possess.
Quietly.
inlize.
their grievances,
and
Repeat
tbfl
th<-
lubetance of
section seventh.
trial, in
the difference
between
crj>cnrnrc
and
( 8
Repeal
of section
92
that
all
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.
prosecutions, prohibitory 'proclamafor the
Declaration* of
the
King '
will.
tions,
and 'commitments
9.
same, are
Unlawful.
'illegal.
Resolved, N. C. D.
160
Maintaining.
Permanent
mili-
'standing
army
in these colonies, in
tary force.
Approval.
K.-taim-.l.
army
is 'kept,
'against law.
Contrary
to.
Resolved, N, C. D. 10.
165
It is
'indispensably
Absolutely.
Made.
Important
in the highest drjree.
by
Divisions.
therefore,
Consequ.
Use.
Will.
iitly
no colonies,
sure,
plea-
by the 'crown,
unconstitutional) dan-
King.
Ruinous
American
(!).)
175
'legislation.
Law-making
Above -menDelegates.
Persist
in.
All
Iocon tro* f r 1
bit.
ties
which cannot be
from
Lawfully.
Changed.
Permission.
Deputies.
own
'consent,
by
Assemblies.
( 10.)
eighth.
18.
?
Resolves.
What
the difference
between
kept
and
retained, in the
162d
is
( 9.) 19. Repeat the substance of section ninth. 20. What the difference between altered and changed, in the 179th line?
line
( 10.) 21.
What
does
thus,
mean
22.
What
is
the
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.
hearty response in every section of the con185
93
Rejoiuder.
Fortunately.
Persevered
in.
federacy.
The union
thus
happily formed,
and continued by a succession of delegates in Congress, has been revered as the guardian of our liberties, through every 'change
Venerated.
Alteration.
Polity.
of our 'government
ntinental Congress,
11.)
The second
at
which assembled
'invested
Provincial.
Philadelphia in
by
Clothed.
ample 'discretionary
Optional
Absolute.
Violence.
powers.
Determined
to assert 'unconditional
hostilities
Begun.
Dependency.
Ardo-.
Made
ready.
for.
and ne-
Reasons
and by proceeding
to prescribe
Going
to war.
Arrange.
Rules.
Bills of credit
forces, to emit
and exercise
Peculiar
vileges.
pri-
5 government
the
till,
goaded
soil
attacks of England,
'
caused American
blood,
it
Stimulated.
Aggressions.
Earth.
Finally.
at last,
red the
united colonies to be
FREE
and
Federate.
Self-reliant.
^DEPENDENT STATES.
difference
23.
in the
187th line?
( 11.)
24.
the sense of repeatedly, in the 206th line? 25. you ue soil, in the 207th line, so as to convey in each case a different what meaning? 26. What wordi are definitions, in Motion eleTen What battles are alluded to in the synonyms 7 what
195th line?
94
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
LESSON
XXI.
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
( 1.)
A 'Declaration
assembled.
by the representatives
Passed,
Proclamation
Convention.
Thursday,
Adopted.
sYf nth nv nth.
When,
in the course of
human
'events,
it
Occurrences.
Destroy.
Ties.
becomes necessary
the political
'
for
assume among
laws of nature,
them, a decent
'requires,
Take.
Dttmrt.
[Vcn-vs.
Give them a
ilaim.
mankind
Demands.
Avow.
Uige.
Ti-m-t.s.
which
them
to the separation.
15
(2.)
We
dent: that
all
men
M.itlo.
IllYfstCO.
N>f tran^fer-
among
these,
able.
are
life,
liberty,
and the
'pursuit of happil
Quest.
Confirm.
Established.
20 That,
governments are
'instituted
among men,
Concurrence
in the
Appendix.
( 1.)
1.
When was
?
the
2.
whom was it adopted ? 3. When was Repeat section first. 5. Illustrate the difference between dissolve and destroy, in the 6th line. 6. Illustrate the difference between declare and avow, in the 13th line? (2.) 7.
United States adopted
this declaration
By
made?
4.
What
rights?
8.
What
are inalienable
For what is government instituted? 10. From what do governments derive their just powers? 11. When have the people a
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
whenever any 'form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the
that,
System.
95
Ruinous
to.
to alter or to 'abolish
it,
Abrogate.
Establish.
Basis.
and
its
to
institute a
new government,
laying
nizing
shall
powers
in
Order.
seem most
'happiness.
Secure.
Welfare.
Prescribe.
Trivial.
30 and
will
(3.)
Prudence, indeed,
'dictate, that
light
all
and
transient causes
and accordingly,
'expe-
Proof.
more
Men.
Inclined.
Indemnify.
forms
to
But
Habituated.
when
Wrongs.
Proves.
Positive.
40 a design
potism,
to
it
is
is
their 'duty, to
to provide
Obligation.
throw
off such
government, and
Procure.
Safety.
new guards
Such
which
Endurance.
Compulsion.
is
now
(^ 4.)
the necessity
Change.
Narrative.
The
'
history of the
is
a history of
all
Reigning.
Successive.
having,
government?
between
ami
What
(3-) 13. What doei prudence has all experience shown? 15. When i- it the 16. Illustrate rernmentl to throw
the duffers
trate
fcgal
an-!
trivial.
abuse*
and
($4.) 18.
What
is
the history of
the
17. Illusthe 3'Ji line. wrong?, in the 38th line? then kiag of Great Britain?
Id
96
50
in
'
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
direct object, the establishment of
2
an
Express.
2
absolute
states.
To
prove
complete.
Referred.
He
55 'good.
Concurrence
Salutary.
Benefit.
the
public
He
Prohibited.
Moment
Delayed.
his
assent
should be 'obtained;
and,
when
so
Procured.
to attend
Omitted.
The
laws.
He
Declined.
K. ci.ns.
accommodation
would
Abandon.
iV.litiral
65 of 'representation
rants 'only.
(5.)
in the legislature
a right
par-
tin; |
Terrible.
Alone.
He
Law-pi vine.
Inconvenient
Archives.
their public
Wearying.
Proceedings.
them
into
compliance with
his 'measures.
He
75 ness,
Broken up.
Undaunted.
Inroads.
He
Neglected.
Chosen.
did the king of Great Britain refuse his assent? 20. forbidden the governors to do? 21. Illustrate the difference between refused and declined, in the 62d line. (5.) 22. Why did the king of Great Britain call legislative bodies at places distant from the depository of public records? 23. did he repeatedly
Why
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
'whereby the legislative powers, incapable of
'annihilation,
97
By which.
Dost ruction.
Prac lice.
have returned
exercise
time,
:
to
the people at
80 large for
ing, in
their
the
erf
mean
exposed
to
all
the
I.ial'le.
dangers
Incursion.
Internally.
vulsions within.
( 6.)
He
Striven.
Design.
the
Hindering.
Aliens.
Removal.
Stipulations.
Legal execution.
new
appropriations of lands.
90
He
justice,
by refusing
has
his assent to
'
laws for
Regulations.
Legal-deciding.
establishing
judiciary powers.
He
made judges
'dependent on his
Subject
Holding;.
to.
and
their 'salaries.
Emoluments
Established.
He
new
offices,
officers to 'harass
Worry.
Wealth.
Established.
He
ioo
has
'
kept
among
us, in
time of peace,
Agreement.
Assemblies.
He
do?
77th
il
'mili-
Warlike.
presentative bouses?
he refuse
to
25. Illustrate
line.
2^.
the difference
chosen, in the
Between
annihilation
the I
did the king of Great Britain endea( 6.) 27. did he obstruct the papulation of the states? 28. did lie make the judges de."ii of justice ? 20.
How
How
How
pendent
30.
What did he recti 31. What did be send What did he keep emong the people in tiraei of
between
salaries
to
this
pe
tin-
and
n/i<>lntmntg, in
(7.) 34.
How
"" 9~~
: :
98
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
tary independent
'power.
of,
and superior
to,
the
'civil
Political.
Authority.
105
He
tion,
Coalesced.
Extraneous.
Unrerogniied.
and
'
Sanction.
Government.
Stationing.
Soldiers.
no
For
'troops
'
among
For
'protecting
them, by a mock-trial,
Shielding.
Chastisement
Perpetrate
these 'states:
Communities
For
'cutting off
all
parts of
InVr.li
the 'world
Globe.
For 'imposing
'consent
120
Obtruding.
Assent.
For For
( 8.)
'depriving us, in
many
cases, of the
Bereaving.
of the vicinage.
benefits of trial
by 'jury:
'transporting us
beyond
seas, to
be
ying.
Feigned.
Repealing.
For
'abolishing
in
125
English laws
establishing
'neighboring
province,
A
despotic.
therein
an arbitrary governits
'
boundaries, so as to
fit
Limits.
at once,
an example and a
in-
Tool.
Bringing.
States.
military
power?
35.
36.
Name
sent.
all
the acts of pretended legislation to which he gave bifl 37. Illustrate the difference between imposing and obtw
tool,
ment and
(8.) 38. Illustrate the difference between MU ( 9.) 39. How did the king of Great
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
For taking away our
'charters, abolishing
vilege.
99
Deeds of
pri-
our most valuable laws, and altering fundamentally, the 'forms of our government:
Essentially.
Features.
Interrupting.
legislatures,
and
Clothed.
Contingencies.
eases whatsoever.
(9.)
He
Renounced.
Outlawed.
Carrying on.
Pillaged.
by declaring
ho
and
He
Wasted.
Citizens.
our people.
at
this
He
145
is
time, 'transporting
Conveying.
Hirelings.
works of death, desolation, and 'tyranny, already begun with circumstances of 'cruelty and perfidy, scarcely paralleled in the most
the
Despotism.
Rigor.
Equalled.
'totally
unworthy the
Wholly.
Chief.
He
Compelled.
Prisoners.
Inflictere
become
'
the 'executo
of death on.
and brethren, or
Brothers.
Die.
(^ 10.)
He
Sedition.
tions
amongst
to
labored.
40. In waging war Britain abdicate his government in this country? against the colonies, what did he do ? 41. What was the king of Great 42. Britain doing, at the time of the Declaration of Independence? What did he constrain the people of this country to do, when taken raptive on \)\o high -c-a- ? 43. Illustrate the difference between }>lun-
A I. Between brethren and brothert, What did the king of Great Britain en153d lin 46. What did deavour to excite amongst the f his colonies?
100
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
'frontiers, the
Borders.
Barbarians.
loducriminate.
whose known
rule
of warfare
160
is
an 'undistinguished destruction
of
all
In every
:
Kinds.
Step.
we have petitioned
our
Rebef.
Entreaties.
by 'repeated
165
racter
is
prince,
Reiterated.
Stamped.
Describe.
may
'define
a tyrant,
is
unfit to
be the ruler
of a free 'people.
( 11.)
Race.
Deficient
Notified.
'wanting
in attentions to
We
Exercise.
us.
We
We
and
'lfiable.
Incidents.
Colonization.
have appealed
175
to their 'native
justice
Inborn.
'magnanimity, and
by the
ties
of our
we have common
conjured them,
kindred, to
'dis-
Menu]
[mum
Disclaim.
avow
these usurpations,
which
w ould
r
'inevi-
Unavoidably.
Friendship.
ntire.
spondence.
180
They
too,
to
Affinity.
We
Accede
to.
he endeavour
to bring on the inhabitants of the frontiers? the system of savage warfare in violation of the laws of nations? 48. In every stage of their oppressions, what did habitants of the colonies do ? 49. were their repeated
47.
Was
civilized
the inhapetitions
How
answered?
in the
tish
to
50.
the character of every act of the king of 51. Illustrate the difference between redress and relief,
( 11.) 52. To what were the main body of the Bri53. In what did the colonists find it necessary
What was
government deaf?
between
( 12.) 55.
By
whom was
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
sity
101
Disjunction.
hold them, as
we
hold the
'rest
of mankind,
Remainder.
Foes.
Delegates.
American
fede-
( 12.)
We,
rated commonwealth*.
to the
Collected.
Supreme Judge of
190
Uprightness.
Designs.
Power.
Seriously.
Justice.
'right
ought
;
and
Governments
Freed.
allegiance
political
to the British
all
Throne.
Intercourse.
Entirely.
Great Britain
'dissolved
;
is,
and ought
to be,
'totally
and
that, as
Broken up.
Make.
Treaties.
establish
'commerce, and
do
all
other acts
Trade.
Free.
and
things,
of right
which Independent States may And, for the support of this do.
on the promutually
Maintenance
Proclamation
God.
we
Gage.
Inviolable.
pentlence
made
50.
To whom
publi
_
to
whose name, and by whose authority was tpendence made? 08. What was solemnly ared ? 59. What rights were claimed for the United [n support of the declaration, what did the colonists 62. Upon 61. Upon whom did they rely? each other
57, In
7
to rely
LESSON XXII.
(1.)
A
'a
Preceding.
Laid before.
Congress
sketch of a confederation
between
An
outline.
Reunion.
Lasting.
'per-
appears
was never
discussed.
Pending
upon.
Neverthelcas
Compile.
to
form a constitu-
Because.
Council of re-
member from
riiintation.
and
15 of
'digest a
form of confederation, to be
colonies. ( 2.)
Arrange method
'entered into
this
by the
The report
Put away.
Investigation
Again taken op.
consideration not
'resumed
till
1777, after
to
which
time
Occasionally.
'debated, the articles of confederation were 20 'confirmed by Congress on the 15th of No-
Dfnpmd.
Ratified.
vember, 1777.
Ordered.
Offered.
and
if
the 'articles
were
Propositions,
Empower.
25
their delegates
in
Congress
to
'
ratify the
Make
valid.
'same.
( 3.)
(
1.)
Articles.
The
I.,
Deputies.
1. Mention two phrases that convey the same meaning as and preceding, in the 1st line. 2. What is the difference between sketch and outline, in the 3d line? 3. Does compile, in the 9th line, always signify to form ? ( 2.) 4. What is the meaning of the expres-
before
'N. C.
North Carolina.
and those
Ratified.
from Ga., on the 24th of the same month; those of N. J., on the J0th of November following: those of
ruary, and 5th of
'Del.,
Georgia,
New
Jersey.
Delaware.
May, 1779:
Maryland
Opposite.
35
Confederacy.
Public domain.
This
difficulty
was
finally 'obviated,
by the
.Removed.
Relinquishing.
for
Advantage.
Insurmountable.
whole Union.
( 4.)
The former
able objection of
Displaced.
Representatives.
her delegates signed the articles of confederation on the 1st of 'March, 1781; four
Third month.
45 years,
sevcji
months,
And 31 weeks
Independent.
Deliberate.
Assertion.
Approved and
confirmed.
Self-gOTcrning.
after they
to
be immediately
seemed
essential to the
very
'free people,
Not having.
Farewell.
At last.
'adieu to safety
and independence.
The
was
joyfully
comannounced to
'finally
Gladly.
1'iin,
in
and 26th lines? (3.) 5. Are crown-lands and synonymous? 6. What is the differ*
!
ence
is
benefit
o
not g(X"
in die 40th line (4 4.) 7. as a definition of adieu, in the 5 2d line, instead ve the actual meaning of adiiu. farewell and good(*j
and advantage
Why
derivation.
9.
the
new
'powers.*
Admjniitraiion.
( 5.)
The
Duration.
Strictly.
two
periods.
The
'first
meeting, on the
'ratifica-
Primary.
until the
Confirmation
of
the
'confederation on the
1st
of
League.
Designated.
Transitional.
After.
Official
March, 1781, has been 'named the period of " the 'revolutionary national government ;" the second, 'from the 1st of March, 1781,
65
until
the
'organization of the
government
beginning.
National com*
P.CL
Entitled.
Jurisdiction.
The 'power of
It
Congress
70
4th, 1774,
was
'national,
from September
had
those
General.
By degrees.
Means.
the
authority to concert
'measures
deemed
W rones.
of
all
the
Settlements.
'Possessed.
Faculties.
The Congress
it
accordingly exercised
functions of
In
Exhibited.
1776, the
erting
More danng.
Vindicated.
powers not
to be justified or
accounted
80
for,
Admitting.
03d line, synonymous? (6.) 10. Name a phrase conveying the same meaning as gradually and by degrees, in the 70th line. 11. Give a phrase signifying nearly the same as concert those ma in the 71st line. 12. In how many sentences can you use the word had, in the 74th line, so that it shall have a different meaning in every
tional, in the
* The articles of confederation, being null and void, are not Inserted here but as a matter of curiosity, and in order that the reader may compare them with the Constitution, they have been added to the Appendix. The names of the signers of the Confederation and also those of the Declaration of Rights will be found in the Biographical Table.
;
Then.
clothed.
Kiul.
that Congress
waa
power over
85
ties.
all
purpose
liber-
of preserving their
common
rights
and
Separate and
equal.
The
Quvs-noued.
Proceedings.
The
united colonies
were a
nation,
Federate.
Common.
Provincials.
rights
Publication.
Authority.
In fact.
supremacy was
cases,
Immovably.
Respects.
Public.
in
many
and
its
95
sally
admitted.
( 8.)
The
AcknowWlged.
Comprise.
Provinces.
March
1st,
1781, in the
'interim,
ioo
Mean
time.
w hose
T
National
Obligatory.
OoTrrnment*.
were 'binding on all the states. By foreign powers, we were politically known
as the United States; 'and, in our national
Moreover.
Coalition.
'capacity as such,
105
we
sent
Formed.
commubel\\';:r-makers
parity.
and prerogatii
the union of the
I
PriYiU
instar
What cpmentcl
I
luring the
l.
ime
the
arti<-
a natioua]
fttion r;ti-
By what
title
politically
known imong
i
admitted and
The
Ascertaiued.
that the
Drawn.
to the legiti-
Not equal.
Efficient.
As often
Trade.
as.
legislate
were
'
particularly evident
and
it
was
at
Especially.
IU vise.
length indispensable to
so as to give authority
amend
and
the articles,
Strength.
Traffic.
and revenue.
the
to time, until
Kri-eatcdly.
Motions.
oobom) nooth.
on the 3d of 'February,
1783 30th
Fourth month.
Third month.
1^5
and the 3d of 'March, 20th of September, and 23d of October, 1780 would be inte-
Advancement.
Bounds-
them.
(10.) Peace
Examine.
Renowned.
O on traliimo.
Official
warrant
armies were
T
'
Diamianed from
err ice.
135
Mutiny w as suppressed, after Congress, 'surrounded by armed men 'demanding justice, had appealed 'in vain to the sovereign state,
within the jurisdiction of which
it
Beset.
Requiring.
Ineffectually.
was
sit-
Territory.
received, in the
( 9.) 18. What did the continental con( 10.) 19. As the words commander-in-chief, in the 131st line, are defined in the margin by a single term, why are they not put in italics? 20. Give some other forms of expression,
106th line?
in vain
and
ineffectually, in the
136th
line.
The expenses
of the
Disbursements.
Lowest point
XcviTtheless
Diiembarrawd.
peace establishment;
was
Separate.
Cnconnected
Reverenced.
Mother.
Based.
Self-reliance
common
parent by
all
a government
by the people
in their inherent,
Composed.
Power.
League.
Ending.
Directly.
primitive 'capacity.
i5o
(^ ll.)
In the
tion,
Following.
Eminent.
Soon. Character.
'shortly
The
Manager.
Humiliating.
men
the 'incompetency of
Inadequacy.
Conducting.
Business.
Withdrawn from
pulilir attention
home
or abroad.
Though
in
in
retirement,
justice
Wrongs.
Soldiers.
and
faith
Depression.
Omission.
Liquidation.
payment of the
( 11.) 21. miltOI
When
ac
ability'
( 12.)
22.
tlioir grf-at
Hea
and
Defeated
friends of freedom
170
for, in
the
'address of
'states,
Commonweal tha
Exultation.
Strove.
was
'
boast of
human nature"
Mankind.
An amendment.
The
first
articles of confederation,
by an 'organization
and
their
Arrangement
Unlike.
between the
Vernon,
iHo
state
legislatures
own
Assemblies,
inted.
delegates in Congress,
in
was
'started at
Mount
S.
;
March, 1785.
'convention of
M.t'lUR
.ratr
from.
pendent of Congress, was the 'expedient which presented itself for effecting an augmentation
'regulating
Shift.
Enlargement
Acts.
Italia*
and
l'.n.iirhril.
and
at
once
comAnna-
lm;artrd.
municated
( 13.)
to the
The convention
September 178G,
delegates
central
'
polis, in
190
'pursuance of
attended
rmity
with.
this proposition,
from
M..MU.
only
five
of the
their
states,
who, on
comparing
the 'glaring
restricted
powers with
Limited.
defects
of
the confederation,
NotorioM.
V
cmul.
all
the
Deputies.
Assemble.
Fifth mouth.
The
of a revision of the articles of confederation originated ? ( 13.) 23. What is the difference between glaring and 7iotorious, in the 193d line?
was framed
Palladium.
by
200
this
convention;
the
'authority of the
Powers.
Individuals.
and not
'directly
from the
Immediately.
Transition.
people.
During the
'revolution, the
power
of the
Populace.
Displaced.
state sovereignty;
Federation.
Put in the
place
of.
Compiling:.
Requisite.
as
Association.
ments
could
bestow
and
that,
'
leaving
'au-
Abandoning
power
of the
for right,
Sway.
Axioms.
Proclamation
must retrace
2i5
and
fall
back from
Return upon.
Amity.
Original.
a league of
states,
friendship
between independent
constituent sove'for
to
the
'primitive
Because.
Proceed.
(14.) 24. Are people and populace, in the 203d line, synonymous ? 25. Are the words self-evident truths, in the 212th line, perfectly defined by the term axioms?
LESSON
{\ 1.)
XXIII.
BeafM.
Radical.
Principal.
It
ntial
principles
and
the
immewai
'<
What 'J. fir-t. ( 1.) 1. Give a synopsis of taction diate cause of the Declaration of Independence
I
the
imme-
In
bow many
"TTT~
5 dence
Moreover.
Recapitulation.
was
Engbe-
Granted.
Renowned.
Period.
at
which
constitution
10
came
'fixed
and determined.
After making
Established.
The eovernniriit.
ordered
it
to
its
Copied.
members.
They
Furthermore
Different.
Associations.
com-
Protection.
manding
that
it
t'nited.
be 'proclaimed
Declared.
Prominent pan
States,
and
20
It
may
Exactly.
'proceedings
congress
Transactions
Depending.
June 25
resolved
itself into
Formed.
Entire.
Here
is
it
one
ChetMl
Body
politic.
more persons 'elected or appointed by any society, 'corporation, court, legislature, or any number of individuals 'acting together. Committees may be appointed to examine 30 or manage any 'matter or business. When any subject of 'importance is brought before
or
Moving.
Investigate.
Affair.
sentences can you write the word engrossed so that in each it shall convey a different meaning ? 4. Why do you suppose congress ordered copies of the Declaration to be sent to the several assemblies. &c, instead of printing circulars and sending them? (2.) 5. Give a synopsis of section second. 6. What is the expression " head of the
army" called?
7.
How many
kinds
of corporations
are
there?
Vssemblies.
committee of the whole house, and 'debate and amend the subject till they
selves into a
;
CoUtie.
Discuss.
it
into a
Form.
More than
half.
tion of a majority,
referred to a se-
Sanctioned.
Committee.
to
is
go
into
W;.y.
for the
Total.
<"li
airman.
now do
'resolve itself
to 'consider
Form.
Discuss.
the
proposed
which
some one
should
be
Subject.
Clearly.
15 distinctly specified.
If
determined in the
as prolo-
atlirmative, he appoints
Speaker.
Quits.
cutor, he
the
any other 'member, and the person appointed chairman does not take the
aker's chair, but
sits
same
Delegate.
Moderator.
Presiding officer's.
'secretary.
Clerk.
Councils.
on a
is
Xot
finished,
The house
or meeting
ubject.
Recommenced.
Announces.
Command.
AdrancemenL
Close.
having time
60
to ask leave to
again.
The
question
is
Once more.
(3.) 8.
G
I
sense
lino
!
'
is
whole
W
-'
lental
O
(!) 11arc tome of
whole 1
n for the
I
What
leave,
and on the
Permission.
Form.
Council of re
ference.
a 'committee.
'elicits
in the fullest
manner
the opinions of
65
all
the
members of
'an assembly.
The mem-
meeting.
<>fpar-
uauu-nt.
Matter.
Desires.
way, as often as he
'chooses.
The
following
the
'
is,
in substance, 'ex-
Taken.
Records.
70 tracted from
"After
journals
of
Congress
session
'chair,
being in
Meeting.
Sprkrr' rL
some
resumed the
and the 'chairman of the committee of the whole, Benjamin Harrison, of 'Va., reported
75 that the 'committee had taken into consideration the 'matter to
Foreman.
Virginia.
I'nder.
them
sit
BUM
Conclusion.
ing
come
to
to
any
him
1
'move
to
again
on
the
10th.'
PrepoM.
Determined.
or
(bit
80 10th
month.
According.
Congress 'resolved
a com-
Went.
Additional.
resolutions
to
them
re-
Matters.
and
after
some time
'spent thereon,
Bestowed.
Took
;i:ain.
Harrison 'reported that the committee have 90 had under consideration the 'matters referred
Announced.
Business.
the advantages of a committee of the whole? ( 5.) 13. Give a synopsis of section five. ( 6-) 14. is ?natters used in the 90th line,
Why
15.
Why
is
it
necessary
to
come
to
'resolution
to report."
Requested.
thereon,
IVtrrnuned
hy vote.
and
oi
and indepenall
Should.
the
crown: and that political 'connection between them and State of Great Britain is, and ought to
dissolved."
Obligations.
Relation.
Kingdom.
Dissevered.
Officially de-
be. totally
100
( ?.)
termined.
Special.
the select
committee
De-
Be composed
Elected.
'chosen
as
follows:
Adams
of
Pennsylvania
Massachusetts.
Mass.. Thomas Jefferson of Va., Roger Sherman of Conn., Robert R. Livingston of X. Y. The momentous question propounded June 10th, 1770, was held under consideration
till
Connecticut.
Proposed.
Deliberated.
when
the resolution
At which time.
i"
Wn
arprored by Coi.g,c>.
Allotted.
as the
Eadiaiug.
Pirertion.
3ytcm
of polity.
and
ill
ever formed.
( 8.)
Ability.
Instead.
in
mea
16. Illustrate tlie various the 94th line? N line, in different sentences. ( 7.) committee f>>r drafting
I
raal to
i
p; oinl
-<iect
committee of the
the
l
'
v.
f
(
stead of pasttfl
lO
""
named
Person.
Foreman.
Wise.
Engrnged.
is
lin,
'ez
draw up
feelings
that the
to
his
own
An
inatruxneDt.
was agreed
Views.
most 'congenial
to
the views of a
mathat
first.
with.
At the time.
Last.
Draft.
was determined
so 'fully
Entirely.
The Representative.
after receiving
minor
alterations,
it
Many.
Approved.
'
was
'adopted.
would be highly
each
interesting
of the other
it
'<>;it\s.
members of
135
is
'supWriters.
own
Value.
(0.)
Revolution.
will
Principle.
Ot .serve I.
Instrument.
I'es;>tism
Adoration.
Business.
in all
Continued.
Important.
Crowning
atona-
some of
the various
meanings of instrument, in the 122d line. 22. Why is not the Senate added to the Representatives, in defining Congress, in the 129th line? 23. Why would not adapted answer in the place of adopted, in the 131st line? ( 9.) 24. Give a synopsis of section nine. 25. What is
J
the
noblest
monument ever
Memento.
Erected.
Good
qualities.
by mortal hands, bears a strong ivsemblanee to, and embodies all the 'excel( 10.)
British.
The English has the same important checks and balances, under 'a different name, to cut ire power, that the American has.
Regulators.
Another.
Rulers.
Many Englishmen
stitution
155
have
'said
that our
Conit
Averred.
Transcribed.
was
'
is
Young.
Acquired the halm.
draw
the
Competent.
Separation.
Assertions.
of 'demarcation.
Furthermore,
Angry.
Fact.
such be the
'case,
" the
copy"
Exceeds.
Forefathers.
Vindicating.
Accomplished.
(11.)
The
oft'
fact
is,
throwing
than
and 'asserting
no more
:
many
Previously.
People of Rome.
Romans,
in
Lately.
Asserting.
Entirely.
eminently
successful
'vindicating
in
their
transmitting
the blessing
Descendants.
Superior.
Hence
tors consists
the difference ( V
their
having 'constructed a
Made.
.;
between monument and memento, in the 146th line? d after English, in the 150th line? mran, in the 152d line? 27. Illustrate the meaning
in the
]'. r
>th
I
line!
I
38.
What
and angry
1
(n)
30.
What
it thi
'nation,
that
Country.
Direct.
would successfully 'steer the ship of state in safety between the 'Charybdis of anarchy and the 'Scylla of despotism and that, as 'countless centuries pass away, if we of the
;
Wlurlpools.
Rocks.
Innumerable
Age.
180
Demonstrate
Combustible.
Incombustible.
We
185
Be unmindful.
claration was, in
'vast,
a solemn unsigners,
Momentous.
Subscribers.
dertaking;
that
most of the
had
own
'ease
and
quiet,
Comfort.
Profits.
the
emoluments
bowed, as many of
throne of the
imbed.
their
did, to the
Power.
liable
king
that, to
one at
Company.
Situation.
sand dollars,
in addition
to the best
'office
2
an
Crown.
Secret
Failed.
ed
in
among the
vilest
Basest.
common
Wicked.
Atoned
for.
( 13.) their
pro-
Gallows.
Forfntrd to thr -niment of Kujland.
mm
in
'penury, and
names
Poverty.
called? 31. What is meant by "the Charybdis of anarchy,'' and the 32. What is the meaning of asbestos, in the "Scylla of despotism"? 183d line? ( 12) 3.1. What ia the expression "throne of the king," 34. To what does (hey refer, in the 195th line? called? ( 13.) 35.
*)o
Disgrace.
among
Written.
They sought
not so
much
the
the praise of
Cototed.
Minds.
their
own
con-
They sought
path of duty,
Track.
irrespective of their
-210
own
ease, or of impend'solicitous to
ing dangers.
to
from
Receive.
Goodness.
England.
"Wretchednew.
Britain
was
the
us
Slaughter.
Pipe.
smoke
lish
brethren.
the
We
our
Recollect.
in
Times.
Supporters of
tyranny.
Cruel.
many
some of the most 'barbarous deeds of the war were performed by Americans against their
country
;
own
that
Executed.
Fellow-citizeni.
Pronounced.
Orations.
powerful
lips, in
human
While names
favor of
American
liberty.
Support.
K.o.nls.
of our ancestors,
may
our
lives
exhibit their
Show.
Excel lenrc.
known
to
English law?
37.
3G.
Are
is
all
that rebel
government
guilty of treason?
What
the
may
39.
How
called, in the 201th line ? ( 11.) 38. What the expression, " calumet of peace," in the 217 th line, be railed? enemiei oi friendi ? should we tree,! the
|
i
elladed
lo
in
tin-
B21st line.
to.
118
230 'zeal
their virtues,
Enthusiasm.
Truth.
Declarations.
to
our ancestors?
43.
Give
LESSON XXIV.
es-
Confirm.
certain
provide
for
'common
defence,
se-
Public.
Welfare, and
Prosperity.
to ourselves
Advantages.
and our
this
'Posterity,
Desce ndants.
Form
vrrniueut.
of 'America.
The
v-
Continent.
I.
'ARTICLE
10
Sec.
1.
ClrniM.
All
legislative
Powers 'herein
In this.
Conceded.
welfare
*
and
line?
6.
Chosen and
elected, in
the
copy of the Constitution, as well as the Article* of the Confederation, it believed to he an exact ropy in letter, and punctuition. For the former, the Author ia indebted to C< ion-! Hi< key's work on the C >nstitudon for (he published by Olajoier, Mis>rs and Smith both of which works purport to have been accurately original, in the Deportment of Stale at Washington and which, therefore, may be n lied on, even to punctuation. In accordance with (he custom of the day, it will be perceived that moat of (he nouns are written is capitals, and that the puMfaariOaV ns well as the orthography, in some instances, varies fr >m th- common usage of the present day. Lessons 24, '2j '2d 27. SB.The >m.ill fknre 1, before the first letter of some word in ea<-h line, has beea added for conven enee. and docs not ap|ar in the original copy of the Constitution. Several words have N-en a 'an changed to italics, to waist in the use of the margiual exercise*. No words in the original copy, either of the Constitution or it*
text,
;
+ This
AmeudmeuU,
appear in
italica.
.
119
15 shall be composed of
'second
States,
The House of Representatives Members chosen every Year by the People of the several
in
Pait
Consist.
Other.
Voters.
each State
shall
tor Electors
eg*] power.
Division.
Legislature.
Assembly.
No
five
Person
shall be a 'Representative
to
who
Delegate.
shall not
have attained
the
Age
of twenty-
Arrived
at.
f
POHMM
Hcttivu
chise.
<
O.t
fran-
of the 'United
and
who
shall
not,
Union.
Selected.
25 when
in
'elected,
which he
shall be 'chosen.
Elected.
Toxr* asaeuwd
on real ealai*.
apportioned
among
which
Distributed.
may
30 ing
be
Contained.
Relative.
to their 'respective
'determined
of free
Ascertained.
Number
bound
35
'excluding
all
Comprising.
Labor.
Ejecting.
to 'Service for a
Term
of Years, and
other
I',
The
actual Enumeration
Real.
shall
first
be
made
'within three
Years
after the
Dunn?.
Asscmbbng.
Following.
of the United
ites,
40 by
Law
I'n scribe.
tives shall
Surpass.
Th<
Wand,
-
Be allowed
T.ll.
one
26th lino
J
and
'until
such enutnerain
S.
Actum!
I
and
real, in
"'
'""
B3d
line
10.
120
New HampMasfive,
Finished-
45
Have a claim
8 Agents.
RepreKcnUtire
sachusetts 'eight,
Rhode
'one,
dence Plantations
Connecticut
New York
vania
'six,
New
6 Delegates. 8 Deputies.
5 Factor*.
Also.
'eight,
50 Virginia
ten,
When
Repre-
Occur.
Commonwealth
sentation from
any
'State,
'issue
the
Executive
Writs of Elec-
Send
out.
55 tion
to
'fill
such Vacancies.
of Representatives shall chuse
Supply.
Elect.
The House
their 'Speaker
and other
Officers,
and
shall
Chairman.
Only.
have the
Sec.
3.
'
'sole
Power
of
Impeachment
The Senate
Upper House
Formed.
Assembly.
Every.
Voice.
60
shall
be
Years
have
one Vote.
'Immediately after they shall be assembled
Directly.
65
in
consequence of the
first
'Election, they
Public choice
Exactly.
shall
be divided as 'equally as
may
be into
three 'Classes.
The
Ranks.
of the
first
Made
void.
Twelvemonth.
70 Class
Year,
End.
Order.
and of the
'may be
Can.
Selected.
if
Vacan-
Formal withdrawmeut.
What
is
between
class
and
11.
21
Suspenoon
of business.
Executive thereof
may make
fill
tem-
Transient.
porary Appointments
of the Legislature,
until the
next Meeting
Convening.
which
shall then
such
Those.
IVhViencies.
'Vacancies.
80
No
not
Person
shall
be a 'Senator
who
shall
Member
of the Senate.
and who
shall not,
when
'elected, be
Chosen.
Om
A rcMdentElected.
Officer
85
shall
be chosen.
Vice President of the United States
The
shall
PraMi
nt-
Chief Officer.
Separated.
Sen-ants.
The Senate
90
cers,
shall
in
Non-attendance.
Perform.
Union.
The Senate
95 try
all
shall
have the
'sole
Power
to
Exclusive.
Impeachments.
When
'sitting for
Holding a
hmSoo.
Intention.
on Oath or
Affir-
mation.
is
'When
At the time.
tried, the
'pre-
Superintend
temporarily.
Individual.
side:
ioo
And no
Person
be convicted
without the
the
Members present
t
in
Cases of Impeachment
shall
Seiiti
:.
DOf
:
further than to
removal from
c\\-
Disf'larrn.i nt.
,.ity.
the
P'tli
Bud lmo
122
105
Found guilty.
NotwithaUndioc
Trial,
Judgment and
Arraignment
ChMliarment.
'Punishment, according to
no
Sec. 4.
Law.
Mode.
Delegates.
Directed.
Of
it.
Congress
us
'alter
may
at
any time by
Law
'make or
to
Konn.
h.-m-e.
such
Regulations, except
as
the
Localities.
The Congress
in
shall
assemble at
least
once
be
Meet.
ring.
shall
'
on the
120
Monday
in
December,
unless
DH
they shall by
Sec. 5.
Law
).
Each House
Judge of
F.iaminfr.
'a
Majority of each
to
The
greatest
ini.ii!>er.
shall constitute a
125
'Quorum
do Business;
but a smaller
day
to day,
IBM
Warranted
by
rig
I
it.
pel the
Non-altcndiDf.
each House
130
Prescribe.
the Rules of
for 'dis-
Fix.
its
Members
Unruly.
Conduct.
2 Consent.
Each House
14. Behavior
sent, in
shall
keep a 'Journal of
132d line?
15.
its
Diary.
and
conduct, in the
16. Place
and
spot, in
the
123
Transactions
Portions.
Parts as
may
in
Opinion.
Individuals.
Yeas and Nays o( the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire
ho of one
fifth
the Journal.
Record.
'Session
of
Suspend business.
more than
'sitting.
to
that in
which
the
Spot.
two Houses
Sec.
6.
be
Assembled.
Representatives
for their Ser-
Members of
Congress.
shall receive a
Compensation
vices, to be ascertained
i5o
by Law, and
'paid
Disbursed from.
out
Public fund.
The levying war against
United
of
the State*,
They
enemies.
Presence.
Particular.
and
in
going
for
to
same; and
either
Coming back.
Harangue.
Called to account.
Situation.
House, they
be 'questioned
in
shall, 'dur-
Pending.
ing the
Time
to
for
which he was
civil
'elected,
be
Port.
Government.
a]. pointed
any
'Office
under the
have
been
created,
or
the
Profits.
whereof
brtari
shall
Aucmpnted.
Ohnxy and
line.
!
r..
(hbme.
.What
the HilTWence
124
165
such time
of either
'Office.
Charge.
By authority
of.
Member
House during
his 'Continuance in
Continuation
Employment
between office and charge, in the 165th line? 21. What is the ence between continuance and continuation, in the 167th line?
differ-
LESSON XXV.
Sec.
7.
Mnaej
inrmn* of laic*,
originate in the
House of Representatives
propose or concur with
eioMt,
diaate.
toms, Jutiaa,
may
Upper house
of Congress.
Alteration*.
'Amendments as on other Bills. 5 Every Bill which shall have passed the House of 'Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be presented
to the 'President of the
Form
of
law
aol enacted.
Deputies.
Offered.
United States
but
if
If
he
Subscribe his
approve he
10 return
in
it,
it,
not he shall
name
M-ns.
to.
with
it
Objections to that
'originated,
House
shall
which
shall
have
who
on
and proceed
to 'reconsider
it.
Reriew.
such
'Reconsideration
two
thirds
Bill,
of that
it
shall
Body.
be
'sent,
together
w ith
T
Transmitted.
Also.
shall
likewise be
reconsidered, and
if
Sustained as rxht.
of that House,
it
shall
become a Law.
But
The
Bill.
20
1.
in all
Suffrages.
difference
is
Repeat section seven section eight, Article I. 2. Illustrate the between likewise and also, in the 17th line? 3. What the meaning of re before consider, in the 13th line? 4. What
125
Decided.
Kxprvswing their ) ufrreiue for,
oi rejection of.
the
Names
of the Persons
and
Bill
Diary.
Particularly.
House
respectively.
If
any
35
shall not
Sent back.
Sabbaths.
Bill.
ten
shall
to him, the
'Same
shall
like
Manner
by
as
if
he had signed
Equal.
Close of Session.
their
'Adjournment
it
30 prevent
not be a
shall
Contingency.
Statute.
Law.
'Resolution, or Vote to
Every Order,
the
Concurrence of the
Formal determination.
Upper and lower houe of Congrea.
Representatives
may
be 'necessary (except
Requisite. Sent.
35 on a question of Adjournment)
be
'pre-
Executive.
Same
Have.
Sanctioned.
by him,
shall
Re-enacted.
Delegates.
Restrictions.
Bill.
In the event.
8.
The Congress
to 'pay the
shall
have 'Power
Legal authority.
To
'lay
Impose.
Discharge.
Prosperity.
45 and Excises,
for the
fare
<>f
but
'Duties,
Customs.
is
in the 29th line? 5. Illustrate 6. What is the meaning of dis before word*. .line? 7. What peculiarity has it? B. Illustrate its meaning with othei words. 9 What is the meaning of pro before
the
45tfa
line'
HOW many
11-
126
'Imposts
Excises
shall
be
uniform
Contribution*.
3 Inland
dm ion.
50
To 'borrow Money on
'United States
Obtain.
Government.
foreign
States,
Naand
Trade.
Different.
Races.
55
To
establish an uniform
Rule
'of
Natural-
ization,
and uniform
Laws
on the subject of
the 'Value therefix
Insolvencies.
To
of,
'
coin
Money, regulate
Worth.
Stamped money.
the Standard
Quantities.
Porcine.
the
Taper.
'Circulating.
65
post
Roads
Mail-routes,
Science and
by securing
for 'limited
Times
Restricted.
Sole.
to their respective
Inventions.
-
To To
nies
constitute 'Tribunals
;
the
of jus-
tier.
Hid, est
and Felo-
Robberies.
Crimes.
International
Law
of Nations
Law.
Proclaim.
War, grant Letters of Marque 75 and Reprisal, and make Rules 'concerning Captures on Land and 'Water;
declare
Repeat section
14.
is
To
Pertain
Sea.
eight.
13.
declaration of
war
What are
letters of
marque and
15. In
is
What
?
the difference
127
To
raise
Maintain.
Money to that Use shall be for a Ionizer Term than two Years; SO To provide and maintain a Navy To make Rules for the Government and
propriation of
:
Time.
FurniNh.
kws.
Troops.
Enrolled
jnrai
citi-
Forces;
To
execute the
Laws
Rebellions.
Attacks.
To
Patting in order.
Drilling.
and
for
governing
in
may
be employed
Engaged.
Retaining.
Severally.
Appointment
Legal power.
deall
System of
teaching.
scribed by Congress
^Directed.
Exert.
Place.
To
'District (not
ten
Beyond.
Surrender.
Place.
Ac-
Government of
Power.
Places
Have.
Bought.
Commonwealth.
Building.
Edifices.
State in
shall be,
And
otlior VTOrds.
18.
with some
How many
in
?
miles squnri<U<1
it
<
<lnr>s
the pre-
formerly con1 milea qoare and the difference between 21. Illustrate tln-ir difference by example, 22.
19.
r
i
H'.w many
1
128
To make
all
Laws which
shall
be necesSuitable.
Prec<.-dmg.
sary and 'proper for carrying into Execution the 'foregoing Powers, and all other Powers
Vested by
Government
Placed.
any Department
Feron
r.ourU
i
uinala
to
or 'Officer thereof.
Sec. 9.
per-
form
lic
any pub-
July
The
'Migration or Importation of
.ration.
now
exGrant entrain
us be 'prohibited by
Interdicted.
Year
but a
'one
i8oa
An
impost.
!ru;rrss:on.
each 'Person.
120
Individual.
For lrllTw1ng a
person f.-^m
ipriaon or for
The Privilege of the Writ Of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when
in
meat,
to auolhrr.
Safety
may
Bill
'require
it.
No
125
of Attainder or
'c.r
past facto
Lam
shall
Law mxleriuf
an art punishiMf, in manner
shall
be passed.
Capitation, or other direct,
which
it
No
be
Tax
wu
committed.
!
'laid,
U1JH is.il
Account of
ilatioo.
Made.
No Tax
laid
on Articles
Goods.
Sent
out
in
traffic
No
Advantage.
Trade.
Province.
Sailing:.
gulation of
'Commerce or Revenue
to,
to
the
or from, one
meaning of
What
is
is
the
24. In
an
affix?
25.
What
the
meaning of
129
'obliged to
enter, clear, or
pay
Compelled.
'Duties in another.
Customs.
No Money
sury, but in
140
shall
Depository of the
public
nosey.
Consequence of 'Appropriations
a regular 'Statement
Exhibit.
Disbursements.
Money
shall
be 'published
Made
puhiic.
Statedly.
No
145
by
Having.
Confidence.
Permission.
And no Person
'
holding
or Title,
150
Receive.
Sort.
State.
into
Government.
No
any
coin
Make.
League.
of *Marque
and
# Reprisal
Commissions
Issue.
Money;
155
make any
Thing but gold and silver 'Coin a Tender in 'Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto
Money.
Liquidation.
Law,
or
Law
'impair-
Weakening.
Bargains.
Appellation.
any
iGo
'
Title of Nobility.
No
Approval.
Taxes.
Positrreiy.
what may be
its
'abso-
Commodity or
'inspection
all
tn;u,tifarturc
examining.
'Duties
Customs.
(inwl or produce
Iirnt>i
.
<>'
fo-
.mtfi.
Wh1
;
peculiarities
bai
it
27.
Ren\u\
peat
28. Illustrate
the difference
linn.
between mporti
all
such 'Laws
2
Ordinances.
Reexamination
for correction.
of the Congress.
170
'Direction.
No
Consent of
Permission.
Carrying caYr.SM-ls.
Troops, or Ships of
'enter into
War
in
time of Peace,
Make.
engage
in
in
War,
Entered
by
an
a
army with
hostile design.
Impending.
Procrastination.
of 'Delay.
exports, in the
to
29. Are there any words spelled contrary 165th line? present usage, in section ten ? 30. Name some words that are spelled differently by writers of the present day.
LESSON XXVI.
ARTICLE
Sec.
1.
It
Authority.
The
'vested in
Put
in possesof.
sion
America.
the
Retain.
In
Term
company.
5 the Vice
same
Like.
En the follow-
Term, be
elected,
as follows
ing way.
Each
Manner
a
'whole
Designate.
Prescribe.
as the Legislature
thereof
may
to
'direct,
Number
which
of Electors, equal
the
Total.
Amount.
State
may
'be
entitled
in
the
Have a claim
National Assembly.
'Congress:
1.
What
is
the
affix or in Elector, in
3. Illustrate
its
131
or Person
'
Having.
Emolument.
Presidrntchooser.
The
Assemble.
Written papers.
ive States,
3,
and vote by
'Ballot lor
two Per-
one of
whom
dweller.
Identical.
20 selves.
And
they shall
make a
'List of all
Catalogue.
of Votes for
each
Amount.
Every one.
Testify to in writing.
ngn and
25 directed
'certify,
'Seat of the
States,
Metropolis.
The
Pre-
Superscribed
Sight.
sence of the
sentatives,
Upper House
Break the
seals of
open
the Certificates,
and the
shall
Votes
shall then
be 'counted.
The Person
Reckoned.
Quantity.
That.
Entire.
'appointed; and
there be
Deputed.
35
who Number
The same.
Voices.
At once.
ive.
no Person
five highest
uumber.
on the
M)
House
Votes
shall
in
like
Roll.
Manner chuse
i
the President.
But
shall
in
chus-
Elect.
n*_r
be taken
tlio
BgW.
I.
What
[1.1
orthography
a n;i-
What
i-
paragraph
is
canceled,
Amendments being
132
by
Representation from
;
each
or
Deputation.
Beta* entitled
to.
A Quorum
of a
for this
Purpose
shall
'consist
Member
Delegates.
sary to a Choice.
number of Votes of
the Electors
50
shall
But
if there
Unless.
who have
equal
Be
left.
Take.
Th arroau
Vice President]
Bl SVi
Urn
offl.
The Congress may determine the Time of Day 00 which they shall 'give their Votes; which Day shall
be the same 'throughout the United States.
Selecting.
l*rt of.
No
or a 'Citizen
the
Constitution,
B for.
Person be eligible
to that
to
One.
Office
who
shall not
have 'attained
the
Reached.
Period.
Ia the limit* of.
'Age of
thirty-live
Displacing.
from Office, or of
or
'Inability to
'Death, Resignation,
Decease.
Incapacity.
acquirement*.
'Duties of
[
the
the
same
shall
Fallta
Event.
may by Law
rural born citizen, and a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of the Constitution? 0. What is the salary of the President
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
Removal, 'Death, Resignation, or
claring
Inability,
133
Demise.
Proclaiming.
what
Govern.
75
sident,
Conformably
Incompetency.
until the
Chosen.
The
80
shall
President
shall, at
Regular.
Remuneration.
diminished
shall
Lessened.
which he
have
Time.
Accept.
Salary.
Either.
85
Oath or
Solemn declaration,
made with
to
an appeal
God
Affirmation:
44
truth
Vow.
Perform.
Shall.
the
my Ability preserve,
The
'protect
and de-
Guard.
Civil compact.
Sfx.
//?
2.
President shall be
'Commander
Generaliaairao.
Navy
of the
Land
forces.
sol-
'Militia of these-
Citizen
diery.
when
in
actual
require
Mustered.
Military'
may
July
the Opinion,
writing, of
the
'principal
Chief.
Branches of government
Pertaining.
to the Duties of
Several.
affirmation, in
1 7. Illustrate the difference between oath 8. Repeat section two, Article II. the 86th line. peculiarity is there in the orthography of lOCtiofl two, Art.
and
9.
II. 7
~T2
134
Power
Temporary n*.
JH-n.loM of tb death aeau
Cases of 'Impeachment.
105
He
shall
Counsel.
vice and
make
<
incurrence
'Treaties, provided
two
Compacts.
QofcoMfc
Through.
no Senate,
all
and which
Prepared.
Law:
Fixed.
may by Law
vest the
Appointment of
Courts of Law.
Place.
KmUt.
President alone,
in the
or
120
in the
'Heads of Departments.
fill
Chiefs.
The
all
up
Authority.
Oiviir.
Vacancies that
may
A 1. 3. nre
Terminate.
BuaiMM
term.
which
3.
End
to
of their
next 'Session.
1-25
Sec.
to the
He
shall
from time
time 'give
Furnish.
Condition.
recommend
to their
Consi-
Notice.
Proceedings
Proper.
Call tOf<
10. In
in
II., is
ad a prefix?
L29d
difference
their
between
recess
and
absence, in the
line?
What do
sentences
how many
to
convey
135
difference.
to the
Regard.
Time
to
135
of 'Adjournment, he
may
adjourn them
The
close of session.
such 'Tiroe as he
shall think
proper; he
Period.
shall
Accept.
Ministers
lie
be 'faithfully
all
Ordinances.
Strictly.
Employees.
Chief
officer.
Sec. 4.
ho
The
'President,
Vice President
and
'all
civil Officers
The whole of
the.
shall be
Displaced.
ment
for,
and 'Conviction
of,
Treason, Bribe-
Leg^l proof.
Offences.
ry, or other
a different
15.
meaning in each? 14. Repeat section three, Article II. Repeat section four, Art. II. 16. What is the meaning of Vice when prefixed to nouns ? 17. In how many sentences can you write Vice, so that it shall convey a different meaning in each?
LESSON XXVII.
ARTICLE
Sec.
1.
III.
The
judicial
Power
of the United
Leg^l.
supreme Court,
Placed.
and
in
Tribunals.
may
5
from time
'establish.
'infe-
Found.
Lower.
during
Keep.
Conduct.
Salary.
Behavior, and
shall, at stated
Times,
which
shall
lessened.
Stay.
ritinuance in Office.
1.
III.
2.
136
The
judicial
in
Power
shall 'extend
Reach.
Suits.
to
all
'Cases,
this
Law
under
Constitution, the
United States,
enactments.
Contracts.
to all
Entered
into.
Acting upon,
to all
Cases of ad-
nment
miralty
and
'maritime
Jurisdiction;
to
Naval
Disputes.
Litigant.
'Controversies to
20
shall be a 'Party;
to Controversies
between
two or more
'States;
SovM-ctfntiw.
Various.
25 'Grants of
and between a
and
foreign
vr |
\
Inhabitants.
In
all
Euvoyt.
National.
'public
30'i7i
Wherein.
Primitive.
Court
all
have
In
Named.
.,'i*;als.
supreme Court
tion,
have
'appellate JurisdicReality.
both as to
Law
Reservations
Provide.
The
Cases
ExaminationFreeholders.
of Impeachment,
be by
Jury;
and
'be
Take
place.
shall
Perpetrated.
In
how many
each?
4.
What
137
when
not
State,
Done.
Stations.
directed.
States,
Ordered.
Sbc
45
S.
Republic of K America.
shall consist
War
No
against
Wagtag,
Worn,
Assistance.
them, Of
ing
shall
in
adhering
Enemies, givperson
them
Found
guilty
Testimony of two Witnesses to the same 50 overt Act, or on Confession in open Court. The Congress shall have 'Power to declare
the
Evidence.
Apparent.
Authority.
Penalty.
Detriment to
children.
Loss of right.
55 Person attainted.
Rendered
famous.
in-
ARTICLE
IV,
Sec
1.
shall
be
Belief.
Allowed.
Ifeasorot.
Comprehrnsire.
'
Proceedings of every
And
the Congress
may by
'ge-
60 neral
Laws
Mode.
Edicts.
Authenticated.
2.
The
is
Every.
be entitled to
all
Have
drum
in the
Person 'charged
Emptiest!
<]
who
Anv ofVnee
pim-
shall
.haMe
death.
with
in
another
In
III.?
7.
vark
is
of open,
in
the
50th line.
1".
tion
12*
138
State, shall
The
requisi-
tion.
Offence.
No
75
Person held
to
Service or Labour in
thereof, 'escaping
As a
i
slave.
Laws
1.
vine
Consequence of any
discharged
By means.
Released.
Law
or Regulation therein, be
from such 'Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on 'Claim of the Party to whom
such Service or Labour
Bondage.
Demand.
Owing.
80
Sec.
3.
New
States
by
Con federal io*.
DO new
nor any
bOMHttC
I'limn.
tatHMftft
shall
all
have
Power
to disNtvr-s>;iry
RelaUng
to.
United States;
be so
Pertaining.
and nothing
Individual.
95
to
Sec.
4.
The United
Secure.
B*pr
every State
in this
Union a Republican
one, Article IV. 11. Repeat section two, Article IV. 12. Illustrate in 13. sentences the various significations of claim, in the 7Sth line. What is the difference between union and confederation, in the 81st
line?
14. Illustrate
is
in
significations.
15.
What
the difference
meanings.
Repeat section
139
Form
of Government, and
shall
protect
Defend.
Solicitation.
Exe-
Governor.
Called together.
cutive
(when
Intestine.
ARTICLE
V.
The
'Congress, whenever
two
thirds
of
National Assembly.
deem
it
necessary, shall
Constitution,
Branches.
Alterations.
propose 'Amendments to
this
Request.
Different.
Deliberative
Assembly.
ments, which,
to all Intents
Have
legal
force.
Portion.
no Constitution,
when
ratified
by the Legisla-
Confirmed.
Respective.
Convocations
'Mode of Ratification
Form.
Chosen.
Alteration.
may
no that no
'Amendment which may be made prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner 'affect the
first
Before.
Act upon.
Stipulations.
in the
Ninth Section
of the
120
Commonwealth.
out
its
Consent, shall
be
deprived of
its
Permission.
Representation.
18.
Repeat section
19.
What
pe-
20.
How many
several
21.
22.
Repeat Article V.
L06tfa
What
is
is
the difference
in
different, in the
line?
24. Illustrate
significations.
25.
lii.
What
ween
lis
pot end
portion,
in the 109th
in the
varioui lignificaneeeerioiu,
20.
112th line?
28.
Whet
their ptelixes 1
140
and Engagements
'Adoption of this
valid against the
Constitution, as
Incurred.
Ratification.
Binding on.
t'ompart.
Revolutionary
alliance.
United
States
under
this
Laws
of the
Statutes.
in
Pur-
Consequence
Entered
By.
into.
and
all
Treaties made, or
which
of the
shall be
supreme
in
Law
the
the
Paramount.
Country.
Restrained.
Land; and
the Judges
evevy State
in
shall be
Constitution or
135
to
Contrary 'notwithstanding.
The Senators and Representative^ before 'mentioned, and the Members of the several
State 'Legislatures, and
all
Delegate*.
executive and
States
acnU.
M.-u-.stratrS.
bound
Conever be
<'oil>tr;wurd.
by Oath or Affirmation,
stitution; but
to 'support this
shall
Uphold.
Form
of belief.
no religious 'Test
required as a
Prerequisite.
Confide
ARTICLE
145
VII.
Confirmation
The
Illustrate in
difference
sentences their various significations. 30. Wh.it i- the lairs and statutes, in the 127th line? 31. Illuin sentences their various significations. 32. Repeat Article VI. 33.
between
What
is the difference between land and country, in the 132d 34. Illustrate in sentences their various significations. 35. What
line?
is
the
the
difference
difference
between
between
nevertheless
in the
135th line?
37.
What
i*
the
39.
143d line?
What
is
the
141
ordaui.
Adequate to
Among.
Sanctioning.
Same.
Done
150
in
Made.
Represented.
Day
of
September
in
Hhe
Ninth month
"
>tr
Anno Domini.
hundred and Eighty seven 'and of the Independence of the 'United States of
155
Also.
American Republic
Testimony.
Signed.
Appellations.
Tbe Father of hii
Country.
America whereof
the
Twelfth.
In
'Witness
We
our Names.
GEO WASHINGTON
Presidt
difference
Virginia.*
Delegate.
149tb line?
41.
40. Illustrate
What
is
between
sentences
and
43. many simple sentences are there in each Article of the Constitution ? 44. manyparagraphs are there in each Article ? 45. What Articles have onlyone section? 40. What is the number of sections in each of the
their various significations.
How
How
other Articles
The names
of the rest of the signers of the Constitution are in the Biographical Table in
tions
On pages 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, and several other pages in this book, few queshare been asked, on account of its being easy for the teacher to supply them. It will be observed that the questions of a moral bearing are not as frequent in this part of the book H in the former. These questions have been omitted, on account of its being easier for the
Sote.
It was found, that carrying out the plan of full questions, operate against its general introwould increase the size and price of the book I duction into Elementary schools. But it should always be borne in mind that moral flj are of paramount importance, and no recitation should be allowed to pass without to guide the pu,r>i! anght in this respect. It cannot be too indelibly impressed on the mind of the
I
un
an exact copy of the Constitution, excepting the itiTirierd words, which in the original are uniform, and hare been changed and the figures added for ronv :n the use of the marginal exercises; that the spelling, punctuation, omissions of pi
above
us
all
of
too, 4te .,
iitwaswn'.t-
iMgMge
un-
iru.ta'e
poetry, in
till
142
LESSON XXVIII.
ARTICLES IN ADDITION TO, AND AMENDMENT OF, THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Proposed by Congress, and
suant to the
'Constitution.
Vrftified
by the
Sanctioned. According.
Primitive.
Syrfr
article of the
'original
m of role*.
(ARTICLE
5
1.)
'
Congress
shall
make no
law respecting
Rule.
Forbidding.
Restricting.
an establishment of
religion, or 'prohibiting
Liberty.
Meet
Solicit.
Wrongs.
2.)
Ordered.
I'n.UTtion.
(ARTICLE
A well
shall not
Weapons.
Violated.
15 be 'infringed.
(ARTICLE
III.)
No
Soldier shall, in
time of 'peace
be
Quiet
'quartered in
lodging.
2. Repeat Article II. I. of the Amendments. the difference between law and rule, in the 5th line ? 4. Illustrate in sentences their various significations. 5. What is the difference between freedom and liberty, in the Sth line? 6. Illustrate in sentences their various significations. 7. What peculiarity is omitted 8. What is the difference between grievances in the Amendments !
1.
Repeat Article
is
3.
What
and wrongs, in the 11th line? 9. What is the difference between 10. Repeat Article III. arms and weapons, in the 14th line? 11. Illustrate the difference between quiet and peace, in the 16th line. 12.
143
Proprietor.
manner
20
to
be prescribed by law.
Way.
(ARTICLE
IV.)
Sfcfe.
The
rinst
their persons,
effects,
Tenements.
From.
Infringed.
Likely.
shall not
:e,
by
23 Oath or affirmation, and 'particularly describing the place to be 'searched, and the
Minutely.
Examined.
persons or things to be
'seized.
V.)
to
Taken possession
of.
(ARTICLE
\
capita!,
<>r
answer for a
Apprehended
Life-endangering
Written accusation.
Instances.
Citizen soldiery.
in the 'Militia,
when
in
ac-
service
;
in
time
of
War
or public
Duty.
Peril.
'danger
twice put
in 'jeopardy
Danger.
Constrained.
Oire eridence.
a witness against
life,
'
liberty, or
;
IV.
<
dam
in.
process of law
nor
Proceeding!
Remuneration.
(ARTICLE
In
all
VI.)
Arraigned.
Between
line.
warn
tervice
and
duty, in
10th line. 18. Repeat Article IV, en oath end affirmation, In the 25th 10. hloetnue the difference between Article V. jeopardy ami rfoogsr, in the 53d line. 17. Bet
the
WOW
:th
hue.
MM
ration, in the
144
shall
trial,
45
district
have been
Perpetrated.
Established.
Reason.
Set
face
to
to
have
Compulsory
fa-
Forahle.
Proceeding.
Lawyers.
Vim] .cation.
(ARTICLE
In 'Suits at
VIT.)
common
law,
where
the value
Prosecutions.
'ignite.
55
in
the right of
Maintained.
!ied.
and no
fact 'tried
by a jury
in
shall
be other-
wise re-examined
L*iral tribunal.
Precedents.
I'liwntten.
60 'common law.
(ARTICLE
Excessive
excessive
bail
VIII.)
shall
Security.
Penalties.
'fines
(ARTICLE
IX.)
The 'enumeration
65 certain
in
the Constitution, of
Specification.
r,;unsay.
be construed to 'deny
Kept
20. What is the difference between 43d line? 21. Between crime and misdemeanor, in the 45th line? 22. Between cause and reason, in the 48th line? 23. Between proceeding and process, in the 51st line? 21. What peculiarities are there in Article VIII.? 25. Repeat Article VII. 26. How many simple sentences are there in Article VII.? 27. Repeat Article VIII. 28. What is the difference between bail and security, in
19.
speedy
Article VI.
in
the
145
The powers
States
Intrusted.
by
to
Forbidden.
Retained.
Inhabitants.
by
it
the
States,
are
'
reserved to the
70 States respectively, or
to the 'people.
XI.)
(ARTICLE
The
in
Authority.
any suit 'commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by 'Citizens 75 of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any 'Foreign State.
shall not
be 'construed to extend to
equity,
Understood.
Instituted.
law or
Dwellers.
Commonwealth.
Distant.
(ARTICLE
XII.)
Assemble.
Ticket.
The
states,
and vote by
'
and
at least, 'shall
Must.
Citizen.
Designate.
Man.
Separate.
Form.
Balloted.
Individuals.
85 of
of
all
all
Amount.
29.
30. 33.
What
31.
is
kepi
le
and
1
retained, in
32.
What
is
Irti
IX.
What
the difference
and
XI.
35,
What
is
th<*
between
tod
is
state
the 75th
foreign
distant, in
the
78th
line?
What
the difference
between
tidfef, in
1
-i
l
inert
and
baUoi ai.d
the 78th
linel
Between
13
146
The
mmii.
Speaker.
Sight
lii
House of Representatives,
tificates
'open
all
the cer-
:tk
the
seals of.
shall then
be counted;
Computed.
95
The
LaqpMt
Ballot*.
Plurality.
and
if
no
Returned.
Kiress.
Greatest.
persons having
the
of those voted
Ixjwer House
WithoBl
dr\ m y.
choose 'immediately, by
'President.
105
But
in
Cfctatf
tmm
Delegation
a quorum for
this
purpose
shall
consist of a
Bt
I'<
QOOpfKd
i'Ula-s.
member
states,
and a majority of
shall
if
no be necessary to a choice.
And
the
House
a
Pre-
whenever
March
ii5
Succeeding.
Chief magi*-
the case
The
Citizen.
number of votes
as Vice-President,
Mfltf,
.
presence
the 9 2d line ? 42. Between open and break thi 93d line? 43. Between largest and greatest, in the 45. What differline? 44. Between upon and on, in the 113th lino ence is* there between the orthography of the Amendment! and the
sight, in
147
be the Vice-President,
'if
such Dumber
Provided.
Amount.
Allotted.
Names.
Seta*.
Legal number.
on the
list,
;
President
1*5
number
But
the
that
Entire.
of Senators, and
'a
More thrm
one-half.
number
shall
be necessary to a choice.
'ineligible to
'eligible
to
no person constitutionally
office of President
130
shall
be
Qualified
for.
Union.
Constitution
40.
What
are
some of
the differences
between those
you account for the apparent inconsistencies in the use of capital letters? 48. Do you suppose there is any human composition free from error? 49. What ought these things to teach us? 50. In how many words is ad, and the forms it assumes, a prefix in the Constitution and its Amendments? 51. In how many words is
?
documents
47.
How do
con
and
is
its
variations a prefix?
52. In
is
prefix?
53. In
pro a prefix?
is
words
re
ob
?
and
variations a prefix?
how many words is pre a 54. In how many 55. In how many words is
its
a prefix
56. In
sub and
variations a prefix?
57.
How many
many forms ? 60. What is the frequent of important words in the Constitution? 61. repetition of important words in the same paragraph called? What rule in written documents should take precedence of all others? 62, What are the significations of the prefixes, ad, con, pre, pro, and 64. Illustrate the meanob? 63. Illustrate the use of each in words. ing of the words in sentences. 65. How many words are spelled dif66. How many in ferent from present usage, in the Constitution?
the
forms does ad assume? 58. Why does ad take so 59. Why do you suppose there are so many repetitions
Amendments?
67.
What
last
important
which was written according to the old plan of beginning every noun with a capital letter? 68. Do you know of any nation at the present day that begins all nouns with capital letters? Name the advantages and disadvantages of this plan? 70. Name 71. all the peculiarities of the Constitution and its Amendments.
national document,
How
do you account
for
many
',
of the variations?*
[ding to the proficiency of the class.
After
a Imetitt,
and
questions in
;
in
148
COMMENTARY ON THE
LESSON XXIX.
( 1.)
Constitution
is
'derived
from the
settle,
Traced.
Signifies.
Confirm.
or determine.
Means.
System.
5 'form
either
its
of
government which
instituted
by the people, or
In
Advantage.
'general acceptation,
signifies a
system
Usual
Essential.
Control.
10 community,
state,
or 'nation.
In England,
Country.
I'u'Wl.
Custom.
Plurality.
hence
it
is
difficult
'majority of the
know
defi-
Kingdom*.
what
its
their Constitution
is,
or to 'un-
Comprehend
Signification.
derstand
'meaning.
( 2.)
stitution of the
United States
'accurately
Correctly.
and clearly
20 and
Expressed.
Familiar.
'intelligible language, that it can be comprehended by 'every person who can read any article understandingly, 'throughout our 'land. It establishes and defines the 'rights of the people, and prescribes the power
Each.
All over.
Country.
Privileges.
25 of
and 'rulers. That part of the Constitution which precedes the first 'Article,
legislators
its
Governors.
Distinct el&uM.
'preamble
though
Preface.
t ution
1. Give a synopsis of section one. 2. From what is Constiderived ? 3. Illustrate its various meanings in sentences? 4. Wherein is our government different from that of England and other monarchical governments? (2.) 5. What is the character of the
149
by any name
Title.
'whatever.
AM ill
is
30
( 3.)
Preamble
It
dcrivmtiY*
of.
pr<r.
come
it
Walk.
Especially.
before.
tion, a
general acceptation,
to
Preface.
means an introduction
a
bill,
any 'discourse or
to a statute,
Speech.
Preliminary.
it names any document of writing, and sets forth in 'general terms its objects and its meaning. Every article in the 'Consti-
Assembly.
Instrument.
Unrestricted.
Supreme Law.
Allusion.
Particularited.
to
which
pre-
cedes
the
article,
and
its
'
expounds the
'framers.
Explains.
The
Makers.
Consequently.
preamble
is,
'therefore, of the
utmost import-
45 ance
in
'elucidating
Illustrating.
istitution.
(4.)
"We
Citizens.
Signifies.
'state
Confederacy.
Acknowledged.
and deliberate
Con-
50
stitution,
and that
it
consequently 'emanated
all
Proceeded.
Fountain.
Digest of law
power.
The
Construed.
Plain.
evident that a
Lasting.
State* 1 (3.) 0. From what is preamble is a pre8. the object of a preamble? mocb importance? 9. Illustrate it as a noun, and as a verb the people ), " itences. ( 4.) 10. What
?
7.
What
is
Why
We
note
11.
Has
150
in
COMMENTARY ON THE
general terms
that
its
it
is
to
be 'viewed
its
Taken.
Unitedly.
Clear.
'conjointly,
na-
tural
( 5.)
'preamble declares
the
it
Introduction.
60
to
be, 'established
by
people
it
is
Founded.
Obligatory.
In.
citi-
zen
to establish
'
for the
benefit
Advantage.
Superior.
Also.
therefore 'para-
65 mount
and
all
other
'authority whatever.
was
scrutinized
Power.
Points.
previous to
its
adoption
by
not on one
Entire.
Succession.
First.
70 Since
its
'original adoption,
it
All the.
new
states.
It is,
therefore, the
work of pa-
Production.
triots
Sanctioned.
was
expressly pre-
Tramcd.
Mass.
Compritiifcd.
75 pared
to be ratified
by the
[great
body of the
that
companion of every family throughSuch are its transcendent merit has stood the 'test of time and recivilized
Domestic
Unequalled.
Trial.
w orld.
T
Applause.
The
'Constitution
of the
United
Supreme law
Preface.
St ipulations.
seven
is
'articles, the
exempt from erroneous interpretation? (5.) 13. By whom, and what purpose was the Constitution established? 14. What is paramount to all authority? ( 0.) 15. Give a synopsis of section six. 16. What are some of the reasons that lead you to believe that the Constitution is a work of much merit? (7.) 17. Give a detailed account of section seven. 18. What is the difference between mcuHlHi
for
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
pied several of the purest patriots, and the
151
Most disinterested
i\i)itioans.
85 ablest
14th of
1787.
It
May
till
the
17th of September,
To.
and
re-
MMOfcliM
Learned.
Intelligent.
in
any country or
in
laved.
any
its
Hence we
find
Epoch.
Signification.
place,
it
that
is
document ex-
In being.
Essential.
95
tant, that
ples
of
all
'wisdom of ancient
Knowledge.
Days.
Conciseness.
and modern
for
( 8.)
The preamble,
is
'
comprehensive brevity,
probably un;
equalled in this or
any other language it declares the authority by whom, and the objects for which the Constitution was orstitution
Tongue.
Proclaims.
Purposes.
Instituted.
was framed by
a law,
it
Composed.
Citizens.
became
the
Observations
Investigation
people
of the
country
patriots
and
<>f
D n it rd States
led.
the revolution
its
may
be considered
a contributor to
no
transcendent excellences
Surpassing.
7a alt.iisly.
though
posed
oesl
its
Ratification.
Hjdden.
Corrected.
3d line
20.
(&)
19.
section eight
What u
th<
lino?
21.
152
COMMENTARY ON THE
(9.) 'Happily for this country, for the
fame
Fortunately.
us of
its
'framcrs,
and for
all
succeeding ages,
Authors.
Potent.
to the adoption
its
Adrerse.
Inestimable.
Part*.
and some of
most
'in-
it
nharp-cifhted.
'From the
and
first
settlement
Ever
after.
seen the
Perceived.
of association
at the declara-
Advantages.
tion of
i25
independence 'nothing was deemed more importance than fraternal union. ( 10.) The trials and reverses of the revolution were but a 'series of experiments
of
Naught.
Brotherly.
Misfortunes.
Course.
'ties
of friendship
Contiguous.
.mng.
among
130
'neighboring
states,
which, though
to the
'originating in necessity,
and contrary
Customs.
Enduring.
'permanent political ag
neighboring
'Constitution
Reached.
ling.
blessings to
all
communities.
The American
Palladium.
Prodigies.
'wonders of
its
'archi
Construction
Approbation.
and
in its
'mankind.
no
is,
The
world.
( 11.)
it
Complete.
Sanctioned.
was
112th line?
is
Of what does
23.
What
the difference
tween
Give a synopsis of section tenth ? 25. What is the difference beseries and caurse, in the 127th line? 26. Between practices and 27 Palladium is neither definition nor customs, in the 131st line?
24.
synonym of
Constitution
what
'.
is
the
meaning of
it?
(11-) 28.
153
and so
LMMJt
Circumspect.
Almost.
Obtained.
was
it
it
was
framed before
'requisite
to
number of
it
make
^ary.
Paramount.
Beta,
Arvror<xl and
will be
'ratified
150
was
by the people, who are the only true source whence all authority 'flows and that it differed 'essentially from the old articles
;
HHMHi
Issues.
Materially.
Sprang.
Assemblies.
legislatures.
(12.) If then
Proceeded.
the people,
it
is
Think.
Right.
what
it is
'proper for
perfectly 'intelligible,
it is
Be acquainted with.
Clear.
the 'duty of
all to
and the
Obligation.
i6o
first
Introduction.
'objects
for
which
first
the
Constitution
was
a
Ends.
Constructed.
'formed.
(13.)
The
'object
Intention.
Signifying.
more
iGo
perfect
union;"
'implying
the
Bome.
Vict.ntslv.
them triumphantly through the revolutionary war, the union that, taking them as
to the
still
Derated.
an independent
nation,
20.
was
What
i>
the difference
reived
an <\
compute, in the 140th linel seen, in the I48tfa linel (12-) 51. Of
''
I
;
>>.
Between ptr
doefl
BectirHl
what
nrul
right,
stion thirii
teenth.
34.
the
154
170
COMMENTARY ON THE
This " more perfect union" would
Defectire.
'imperfect.
secure 'tranquillity
and prosperity
( 14.)
at
home,
Peace.
power and
'dignity abroad,
Honor.
Strife.
would
175
'enhance the general happiness of mankind, 'confer dignity upon the American name, and
give power, not to 'rulers, but to the people;
thus 'perpetuating the "
It
Increase.
Bestow.
Governors.
Eteroizin<r.
more
perfect union."
Forefathers.
Obstacles.
PrrpoaKMion*.
Applied
elvea.
had many
180
contend with
sec-
as they
now do
but
them*
Open.
Lnlanrrd.
views.
From
'society,
185
The Community.
was
and
'
requisite for
liberal
them
to
;
'make numerous
Grant
Generous.
Slight
concessions
and now,
for the
aside,
would denote
be, for
Throw.
( 15.)
Far more
'rational
would
it
Pass by unnoiK
i
Sea-maps.
Magnetic needles
frail
the
Main.
Annihilate.
liber-
36.
35. Between imperfect and defective, in the 170th line? Give a detailed account of section fourteenth. 37. What
is the difference between confer and bestow, in the 175th line? 38. Between difficulties and obstacles, in the 179th line? (15.) 39. Of what does section fifteenth treat? 40. What is the difference between rational and reasonable, in the 190th line? 41. Between ocean and main, in the 195th line? 42. Cannot main be used in two directly
155
by
permitting
the
violation
of their
the
first
Sufloriug.
Constitution,
and
to
cease to
'imitate
Knuilate.
( 16.)
The
Moral txoel-
object
declared
M
in
this
Constitution
It is
is,
to
PranJilitml
Establish.
form a
more
perfect union."
reasonits
able then to
infer,
Unequalled.
Consideration.
consecrated
it
Hallowed.
Stipulations.
and rules
But
Intended.
.ed.
how can
it,
Uphold.
it
Understand.
Reflect upon.
Period.
of every sentence.
It
( 17.)
Calculated.
All the inhabitants.
whole population
in ten thou-
Mother.
In.
Yea,
it is
'susceptible
Capable.
Inviolable.
support
the
Yearly.
Host.
taken by a
220
multitude of men,
who
never
Wtftiag.
Souls.
If the
pure
'spirits
of departed pa-
their
well
may we
43.
45.
Repeat the substance of section >ixrence between wmmerat^d Mid ha lhwtd mder and ngfent, in the 210Ui linel
^
|
teentfa treat
Intfd. in
IT.
What
linel
is
the
48.
the
B<
21
'2th
Between
blut
end felicity,
in
19.
IWeeO
fteorrfl
and
156
225
COMMENTARY ON THE
its
illustrious
Shades.
Earnestness.
beyond the reach of human 'imagination, " 'O tempora 2 mores !" Let it never be forgotten that teachers, and not warriors,
!
Conception.
Oh, the
Umea
230
common
schools,
Brands.
Continue.
nets, sustain
more
Fame.
Complete.
Of
235
'lands untaught
it
doom
States.
To fill untimely 'an ignoble tomb; Then foster 'learning, if you wish
Your country from
A
to
disgraceful
save
Knowledge.
Terrors.
line?
f>0.
What
is
the
meaning of
aye, in the
234th line?
51.
Of
glaive, in
the
237th line?
LESSON XXX.
( 1.)
whom
Providence.
out as the
'first
teachers of mankind.
No
Reach.
Lasting.
Pupils.
su-
The
Masculine.
Familiar.
early be
made
10 perfect 'charter of
human government
Embodiment
Primary.
Fnl lowed.
Time,
for nearly
Forty centu-
To what
157
in-
Receiving.
15 spiration.
SDmnc
1
poorer.
To keep 'intact this ''perfect union formed/ And give its blessings to each Yuture age, Our youths must be with patriot 'passion warmed
>0
Untouched.
Coming.
Ardor.
By 'studying its glories on that page Where, 'midst foul blots 'exposing Britain's shame, Is graved, in words of fire, 'Columbia's fame.
( 8.)
Pondering.
Disclosing.
Our country's
Primary.
Institute.
The
'
first
object
after
forming a
'establish
"
more
perfect
union,"
it is
was
" to
justice."
Thus
Clear.
25 looked not
for a
Pattern.
which
Mighty.
Unchangeable.
men according
to their 'deeds;
Actions.
Rolled.
Memorial.
Continue.
Strict.
remain unaltered.
Without the
'safe;
no inhabitant would be
hence
Secure.
Equity.
Chastise.
and the
Potent.
'millions,
and the
( 3.)
feeble terri-
Myriads.
Coate-"
Persons.
S. pnrale.
tory with
hundreds.
In
disputed
40 duals living
each
in 'different
states, in reference
and the
local
laws of
Sectional.
vrautbor.ty.
must
lous attention?
2.
From what
is
derived, and what is its meaning 1 4. What is th>*is of section second. pattern, in the 25th line? 0. Between safe at
fame/ 21sl
line,
-ive a
mode/ and
line?
($3.)
6.
Of what does
7.
What
if
"it
158
deal to
all
COMMENTARY ON THE
'even-handed justice.
august and
in
it
The
people
arbiter,
EquaL
having
'an
impartial
grand.
Rest.
War.
Interrupt.
'disturb
the
Adjacent.
Alien.
by oppression
in the
50 from
might 'repose
Confide.
liberality
stitution,
Equity.
Extreme.
" to es-
Aim.
Uffcfc
tablish 'justice."
55
( 4.)
"To
Quiet.
was
is
I>t
sun.
In this place.
the
'aspect of
a speedy dissolution.
The
Appearance.
men.
Dreaded.
Riot*.
power of Great
had
'engulphed
lics.
all
Swallowed
up.
leracy.
The 'confederation was a league of G5 'friendship among thirteen separate and independent 'sovereignties or nations, each of
Amity.
Governments
Plots.
Contention*.
'among themselves
its
in fact
each
Between.
Present.
70
state,
looking to
and
own
'immediate interest,
rest, in the 45th line? 8. Between disturb and 47th line? (4.) 9. From what is independent derived? 10. What does its first prefix denote? 11. What does its second prefix signify? 12. When two prefixes are joined to a word, which governs the meaning of the word ? 13. Illustrate the difference between contentions and dissensions, in the 68th line? 14. What
between
repose
interrupt, in the
159
withdrawn
till,
its
Quietly.
confederation,
'its
in the
Expression.
tottering edifice
was ready
its
and
Shaking.
I'mler.
beneath
ruins."
(5.)
75 The
states
of Greece furnish
admonitory
Warning.
SepvstauL
Motives.
Strengthen.
Tr.al.
every day's
strifes
'
experience
proved, that
SO petty
were
likely to
Disturb.
ferent states.
Quarrels.
the the
fruitful
Source.
Fearful.
Increasing'.
states
seemed
to
be jealous of each
;
other's
85
common head
was,
in
fact,
full
General.
no president of
all
the states
but 'each
state
Every.
Reality.
had the
00
any
Possessed.
Sort.
kind of government.
( 6.)
Hence, foreign
'intrigue
might be
states,
Finesse.
On.
Actuate.
Hinted.
to
Washington should be
'continue; that there
Experience
Monarch.
DemoDilrated.
must be a government
luina.n.
V.ircr.
Mm
thoir
(
lit,
5)
r
l
>.
What
ifl
the difference
in
between
sentences
each,
iii
the
b,
16. Illustrate
the difference
in
between
ana
catin
to
18. Illottrate
i
m
word
theii rignifi-
W
on, in
it
between
iu order
upon and
Old
line
each
in
160
COMMENTARY ON THE
and secure domestic
the utmost importance.
tranQuiet.
Different.
was of
Se-
Ability
Assaults.
the
weak would be
'unable
;
successrivalries,
Not
able.
fully to
Coropetit ions
jealousies,
105
Revenging.
Unlimited.
Separation.
Bliss.
knew
Strength.
consisted
in 'piety
and domestic
IV.irr.
no 'tranquillity.
in the first
mid. 23. simple sentence of section 24. What advantage is there in spelling words from 25. What in spelling them seriatim one's reading lesson?
In
the
third.
I
LESSON XXXI
( 1.)
The
fourth
'object
in
establishing
I'cMi'n.
common
human
The
'defence."
is
As
society
and not
their
own permanent
'wel-
Benefit.
Inherent.
man.
Numberless.
(
2.
1.)
What
1. What was the object of the framers of the Constitution? does the history of the world show ? ( 2.) 3. What is the
1G1
i
which
an spired.
Attacks.
($2.)
'The
it
IVrKc.
K-taMishers.
t'i.Mscquence
Inheritance.
importance
to shield
treasure
the
legacy
they were to
Give by will.
Finally.
Artifices.
mankind
against
In
90 the
the
arts, the
Kmijs.
it,
the 'chances of
Between.
Liabilities.
aug-
Proportion.
85 mented number of
sources of
( 3.)
There would be
prolific of all
increased.
Fruitful.
war
territorial boundaries.
'collision
Causes.
Clashing.
If
among
if
they 'saw
Observed.
to
guard against
assaults
Need.
Invasions.
Beneficial.
at
home, and
briefly
from
abroad,
for us to
it
may
examine
Caudmtf.
tshed.
01 which they
General.
Beheld.
Realms.
Exposed.
(\\ffor
lino?
\s
4. Illns-
nullifications.
What
Ii
the differ-
the iropresrestricted to
ne of the dictkmari
r
ia
thii
opinion.
the
syi.
-y.
jn the
'
10.
What
if
'litl.rrr.--f
162
COMMENTARY ON THE
wrongs
all
'scourged
nations.
Chastised.
Fearful.
40 and
'
timid victim of
warlike
They
Increasing.
Power.
Br.
at
home,
till
45
all
respected the
World.
Appellation.
British 'name,
and awarded
to
England the
( 4.)
proud
title
A
its
'memento of the
effects of disunion,
and
Memorial.
was
Weakness.
Indians.
50
to
'this count?';/.
Anirnra.
time of
Hit of
mind
and 'consecrated
55 disunion,
the
their
Finding out
I >e
ruled.
'tribe after 'tribe was overcome by European 'conquerors, until, where millions of the aborigines were formerly 'mar-
Invaders.
MnMrn-d.
Oidrr of
battle.
of their 'existence.
)U
!D':.
60
( 5.)
The measure
'filled.
of their 'irrational
Unreasonable.
No more
do the
Made
full.
midnight
disgrace
soil.
Revelries.
1 En chin tram U.
human
the history
will
Memento.
Victors.
ever
ocean and sea, in the 47th line? ( 4.) 11. Repeat the substance of section four? 12. What is the difference between consecrated and devoted, in the
54th line?
14.
13. Illustrate
is
nifications.
What
the difference
in
between
their
tribe
and
sept, in
the
55th line?
various significations. ( 5.) 16. What is the only monument of the aborigines of the Atlantic states? 17. In what way is the common defence best secured ?
15. Illustrate
sentences
163
Consequfcrne.
succeeding
is
Beneficial.
"common
defence"
best se-
nmntiniM
Continual.
70 by fraternal union.
stitution
((>.)
nrvthnly.
was formed, Europe has furnished incontestable proofs of the wisdom of our
ancestors.
Framed.
Prudence.
Peers.
'
nobles
have made
common
cause
to 'extirpate
every
Eradicate.
75 root of republican
principles;
the soil of
Tenets.
Steeped.
Striving.
the blood of
of
Contrary
to.
their will,
Inclination.
80 'prescribed
them by the M Holy Alliance ;" and unhappy Poland has been 'crushed by
the tyrants'
Established.
Overwhelmed.
list
Despots'.
of nations.
would be as
85 rope
;
Jlattalions.
I:. '.;<
nv-iMr.
Zeaksoi supporters.
Remarked.
l'r vilc.-ts.
the
liberties
;
'danger
( 7.)
1)0
Jeopardy.
The
fifth
the Constitution,
was " to
d welfare."
Hint
'
In a country so
i-
the (Inference
in
Illustrate
20.
R
I
between OgH and geiM nititms. in the 68th sentences their various significations. ( 0.) 21. What is the difference lection six.
the 7 J
1
jirv/i arc. in
!
line?
lieis
J-:2.
Between
nohlcs
23,
Why
does
word
tyr<ints. in the
I
importance of
'
punc
''
wmt
the fifth
What nasi
necessarily
164
as the
COMMENTARY ON THE
American
republic, there
must
'neces-
Indicpenaably.
'pursuits,
and of
state
Objects.
'occupations
of the different
Vocations.
Seeming.
Incite.
might 'induce
'duty,
to
import
all
goods free of
whereas another
all
state
would impose
in
Impost
Articles.
duties upon
imported 'goods,
order to
at
Making.
home.
( 8.)
No
Scheme.
Cunt rived.
Monetary.
Hence
-ity.
would look
Administration.
S< ction.
amount of
benefit to
Yield.
Multitudes.
circumstances
justify,
each section
Adjudge.
Frame.
Grants.
and make 'appropriations that would eventually 'redound to the glory and lasting benefit
Contribute.
Individual.
(9.)
Separate states
Particular.
own
people, and
would not be so
'
likely
Apt.
keep
all
in
citizens
Denizens.
Chief.
of
Traffic.
exist, in a country so extensive as ours? ( 8.) 27. Is there any plan of legislation that will contribute equally to the pecuniary gain of every part of the country? 28. What are your reasons for this opinion? 29. What are some of the advantages of a national government? (9.) 30. Give a synopsis of section nine. 31. What is the
difference
between citizens and denizens, in the 116th line? 32. Illustrate in sentences their various significations. 33. What is the differ-
165
Advancement.
Guardianship
Ruined.
governments, would
jealous
be
destroyed by the
and
Haughty.
Fostering.
American
flag
commands
is
respect in
Baaaur.
Karth.
Shields.
world, and
one of the
bulwarks of knowledge.
is
Hence
best
promoted by the
object
Advanced.
ConlVderatloll.
Union.
( 10.)
lao
The
sixth
and
'last
menis,
FiuaL
Makers.
Insure.
t<>
135
American liberty obtained by an immense sacrifice had been of treasure and of life; the people had endured all the horrors and misery of war.
selves
and our
'posterity."
Descendants.
vast.
Suffered.
Dreadfulness
Originators.
fully ap-
Invaluable.
Spiritual.
Hence, they
that
wisbqd
140
government
rights
might
Form.
Permanrncy.
Similarity.
combine
sibility
'durability with
'equality
moderation of power
responof energy with with a sense of independence diness of counsels with popular
elections
1
stea-
Know/
l<fty
spirit
Zeal
for.
145
of personal
the
aggrandisement
to
combine
Advancement.
Welfare.
and banner,
I
in
the
121th lino
.'U.
Utattrata
in
In
(1
166
manence
150
COMMENTARY ON THE
in the public institutions, 'intelligent
Wise.
Pure.
Toils.
legislation,
virtue.
The
out
success of the
So.
parallel.
( 12.)
Here, thought
is
An equal
WealthSafe.
liberal,
conduct
free,
'secure,
155
manners independent
its
enjoys
rests
free 'scope.
With
now
Exercise.
Trying.
Free.
Signal.
and an object of
Yiis-
Suspicion.
trust
and 'dread
'light
to their oppressors.
The
Fear.
I'n-cfilrnt.
pense
and
liberty
to
the world, or
Knowledge.
Nerve.
draw
no
still
and extinguish
for ages
'disDiaacrtemeata.
May
Annihilate.
prospects; and
may
no dazzling
Favorable.
Plausible.
and enduring,
its
Obelisk.
fills
'proportions grand,
Dimensions.
since 'proved
Shown.
Happy.
UnnumberM
a 'proper
monument
beside,
Framers.
In truth.
For
Who
The crowning
section eleven.
39.
Testing
( 12.) 3S.
What
is
the
meaning
great responsibility rests with us? of monolith of obelisk, in the 171st line?
What
between them.
j
167
LESSON XXXII.
legislative DEPARTMENT**
(
1.)
The
Employment
Authorities.
tive,
the
IVrmancncy.
Reposed.
Whenever
3 son, or
body of men,
the
government
is
Assemblage.
despotism*
Their entire
separation in our
Detachment.
Gives.
and 'private
Individual.
Benefits.
rights.
The advantages
power,
a
of a division in the
gislative
also,
are
numerous.
It
Manifold.
Places.
inU
An
obstruc-
tion.
mulation of
vents
all
powers
in a single
body,
'pre-
Hinders.
Macliinations
Acts.
any
artifices
Constructed.
ture
more 'popular 20 branch of the legislature, the members are ted at intervals of only two years, that
sentatives.
the people
( 1.)
1.
may have
ar"
all
frequent opportunities
the evils arising from a
What
it
are
r
.
legislati
vested?
3.
bran-
I.
>.
What powers
form
?
government?
is
What
d
I
of a division in
department
(% 2.)
ch<
7.
who
wtk:
to the
and
fed
168
COMMENTARY ON THE
Disapprobation.
known
their
Proceedings.
Desires.
25 'wishes
nefits
through
them.
representative
Proper.
of some
experience, to
have
his 'judg-
Understanding.
principles established,
'Aliens cannot be exsoil
Well formedForeigner!.
'attachment to the
and
Regard.
Familiarity.
ance with
its institutions,
which
is
'necessary
Requisite.
Competent.
Essential.
of the
An
intimate.
of those
whom
he represents, and
of the measures
Advantages.
Effects.
'results
which he may
40 every
thirty
'support.
( 3.)
The number
one for
Uphold.
Limited.
Citizens.
Immoderately.
of representatives
was
'restricted to
Performance
Discreetness.
There
is
also
Exhibited.
Grants.
Proportion.
45 which 'secures
to
every
however
'ratio
small,
of re-
Elevated.
any share of
Debar.
power
in
one
'
branch.
The
House.
By whom? 9. What are the qualifications for electors? 10. Why11. What are the qualifications a short term of office selected? 12. Why is a qualification in requisite for members of the House? 13. Why are aliens excluded ? respect to age necessary? 14. Why should the representative be an inhabitant of the state in which he 16. is chosen? (3.) 15. How are representatives apportioned?
is
See Article
I.
1st
and
2d.
169
established by act of
Made.
Congress,
in
1843,
is
one
A member.
Souls.
and
six
(4.)
is
the
Arraignment
Charge.
Trusts.
55 persons
high
offices, for
trial for
the purpose of
bringing them to
Persons of high
Misdemeanor
Station.
Common.
Trial.
may
thus be brought to
first
article 'treats
Relates
to.
Functions.
( 5.)
Two
Selected.
Division.
'branch
all
'equal:
may
be
Alike.
G5 'outvoted
Overcome.
Complete.
Level.
on a perfect
are
state,
The members
and are
term of
in
its
Elected.
Accordingly.
'directly.
Immediately.
Insures.
years
secures greater
stability
counsels, and
ation in
ie
its
Practice.
Briefer.
census
to
made?
17.
How
i>
the
19.
number of represen-
tatives
that e
limited!
18.
Why
thus limited?
Why
?
is
!
it
important
the
ire
have at least one representative 20. What is in 1843? (4.) 21. How are vacancies filled? 23. Over what the speaker and other officers chosen
1
24.
lint li
the
power of impeachment?
il
Of what
bers cho*'
cho*'-'
I
it
F<-r
what
years secure
!
28.
Why
What
does a
81.
How
170
The
COMMENTARY ON THE
Entire.
Will.
Affairs.
'whole body is changed in six years, and 'must always retain a large share of ex75
perience in public 'matters.
The Senate
;
is
an 'important check upon government and it is worthy of 'remark, that those republics that have 'endured the longest, and secured
80 most the 'respect of mankind, have been 'shielded by the wisdom and foresight of
Senates.
in
( 6.)
Essential.
Observation.
Continued.
Regard.
Protected.
Post.
The
'office
of Senator being,
that
some
respects,
Momentous.
'required.
Demanded.
Lengthened.
Intercourse.
Distant.
85 The term of citizenship is also 'increased, on account of the connexion of the Senate with
'foreign nations, in the appointment of
am-
formation
of
treaties.
to be
an unreaatRegard.
Motlur.
tachment
'identified
and become
'country.
( 7.)
bit
resident.
which he
represents, that
'
Arts
for.
he
may
local intein
Particular.
Requirement*.
rests
Acta.
Here,
we
Supremacy.
may
'observe, that
no
qualification, as to pro-
Remark.
every second year"? 32. How may temporary appointments be made? 33. In what time is the whole body changed ? 34. What does it al-
ways
retain?
35.
What
Why is greater age required for a Senator than for a member 37. Why a longer term of citizenship 38. Why
( 7.)
See Article
I.
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
perty,
tors or
is
17]
Respect.
Worth.
Offices.
have
honor
ioo
direct
Immediate.
Assistance.
( 8.)
The
:ate is probably the most suitable body upon which this power could have been
Proper.
Trust.
conferred.
It is
generally composed of
men
Bestowed.
Eminent.
Uprightness.
'integrity
In a
Credence.
Impulses.
Territorial.
On
ac-
Equitably.
assurance
Confidence.
Stabdity.
Without
straint.
re-
moreover, a
body, and
Furthermore
Familiar.
Functionaries.
who
Trials for
usually
come
before the
Misdemeanor*.
Customarily.
Used.
Guilt.
court
is
not, therefore,
'accustomed
to ex-
amining cases of
i-io
political
'delinquency.
'Besides, one of
its
judges
may
be the very
in
MTCovrr.
A
rr;u -r.cd
that case
39.1s there any property qualification required in a Senator? 40. Who i5 president of the Senate ? 41. When may he vote? 42. What officers are chosen by the Senate? (8) *3. What body has sole power to try impeachments, and who presides when the president r 4is to be tried ? What 4 \. What number is necc^ary to convict? are v mi why tho Senate is the most Mutable body for the trial of imp Why II DOt the Supreme Court suita! f% 10.) 47. How flu does
>.
'
n tth.
172
the court
COMMENTARY ON THE
would be
'
Apt.
Favor.
'partiality for
one of
members.
( 10.)
The
130
'object of
Purpose.
ment
TransgTes-
office 'appears to
be
sufficient.
Seems.
Avoid.
Penalty.
may
nable to
and 'punishment
in
the courts
of law.
135
For
impeach-
Cause.
courts
ment may have been 'excluded from the for then, they would 'decide twice
;
Debarred.
Determine.
Crime.
Permitted.
'offence.
its
( 11.)
Each
state
is
'allowed to consult
in reference to the
140
own
local convenience
'elec-
Choosing.
tion
to
government
to
Power.
Measures.
Final.
carry on
'operations,
depends upon
power
make
is
Schemes.
Enenry.
Vested.
150
ment would possess no 'means of self-preThe more 'carefully we examine servation. the nice 'arrangement and the skilful distribution of the powers of the 'Constitution, the more shall we be 'impressed with the
surpassing
the
Power.
rifely.
onl.r.
rue
law
of.
Cub timed
wisdom of
its
'construction,
and
Format ion.
Receive.
more
its
shall
we
of
'framers.
Const rurtrrc.
judgment extend
48. To what else is the in cases of impeachment? convicted party, liable? 49. Why were trials for impeachment excluded from courts? ( 11.) 50. How are the times, places, and manner of holding elections for Senators and Representatives, prescribed? 51. Who may alter such regulations? 52. With what exception? 53. Why is this power necessarily left to Congress?
See Article
I.
173
LESSON XXXIII.
DUTIES AND COMPENSATION OF THE MEMBERS; AND OF THE POWEUS OF CONGKE*>.
'
(1.)
The power
;
to
judge of
elections
must be
Placed.
vent impositions
and
if
Wrongs.
Hazardous.
Requisite.
number should be
of business;
Bsed
rign
Performance.
Occasionally.
Enacted.
Object.
Constitution.
power
is
to
also
Enforce.
Totally.
suspended.
No body
and
Do.
MethodHonor.
Ability.
'dignity
without
its
own
member, knowing
is
that his
Regulations.
Suffrage.
'vote
it
recorded where
is
to public view,
and
may
be
OpenAccount.
Consideration.
brought
will vote
20 with
deliberation
Act.
Hence
Make.
judjje
Of what is each House the judge? 2. What constitutes a What may a smaller number do? 4. Why is the power of the election?, fa <<f ifti DWO members, given to each y should a majority be required 10 OOMtitatfl 1 quorum? House over its pro Mid members?
.
essary to Congress
See
Ar'M
'
1
(<
J.)
8.
What
of the
<"< >n*tituti'
174
COMMENTARY ON THE
Retarding.
ment and needless 'delay in the transaction of 25 business. Congress must 'adjourn, every second year, on the 3d of March, because on
'
Prorogue.
For.
Service
day the term of 'office of all the representatives and one-third of the senators expires. ( 3.) 'Objections have been made to al30 lowing a 'compensation to members, because it was alleged that it 'tempted the unworthy to
that
Terminates.
'ions.
Recompense.
Incited.
Mainly.
pay.
sation
On
if
no 'compensa-
Remuneration.
was
35 would be found
of Congress, and
Seats.
Inchcenre.
Senators and
Assemblies.
Compensated
Mtory.
The exemption
40 of members from
the
'arrest,
Seizure.
Advantage.
Fellow-counsellors.
member, but
stituents,
who might
be deprived of his
'ser-
I.tUTS.
vices and 'influence in the national councils. 45 'Exemption from being questioned for "any
Weight.
speech or debate,"
is
Instituted.
6.
175
action,
and freedom
in
'debate.
( i.)
IVsctission.
Lawgivers.
Incompatible
A.
50 any
office
An intermingling of the department* is also prevented. The House of Representatives have the power of 'levying taxes. The probable reason why 'revenue bills 55 must originate in the House of Representatives is, that the members are 'elected
duties.
commingling.
obviated.
Assessing.
Income.
Have
origin.
Chosen.
Immediately.
directly
Advantages.
Elected.
60 the
It
is
also in
Assemblies.
Customs.
Collecting.
bills
for
'raising
revenue
must originate
55 preventatives.
Congre^B,
bills
Commence.
Is
similar to.
According
to the 'usages of
Practices.
Make.
Can.
Delegates.
Prohibition.
Restraint.
ment
the revenue,
The
'veto
generally regarded as
The power
is
Authority.
dent
if
is
Condition d.
Carried.
er reconsideration,
becomes a law,
not-
Review.
Privilege.
15 withstanding
;
his veto.
The
from holding?
origir.
Why?
24.
a law
(< 5.)
22. Where do revenue bills must cwry bill he presented 25. What ii done if be re*
i
bill
>T -
How
28.
What
See'.
deCooetilntlon,
w-rti.,n
bje
tkmi bare
"
176
however,
COMMENTARY ON THE
in its present form,
it
many
'opposers,
Opponent*.
Argue.
Help*.
who
'contend that
is
ture in the
government
man
wishes
Views.
ought to be modifiedis
Changed.
Wisely.
The adjournment
very 'properly
devolves
Judgment
Passes
to.
on
The
Division.
85
powers conferred
to
'
Names.
Levy.
Gather.
on Congress.
and
cises, in
lay
and ex-
CanceL
Protection.
for the
common
90
no other purpose.
Congress
is
They must
prohibited
Equal.
be 'uniform.
thus
any
Improper.
Part.
Benefits.
any
party.
95
( 7.)
Seasons.
one year
of peace,
may
when
many
Be more than
Exigencies.
Usual.
years. 'Emergencies
may
to
be found
ioo
'insufficient
Inadequate.
upon government.
Power.
Much,
To whom must every order, resolution, or vote Can Congress adjourn without the consent of the president? 32. What if the two Houses disagree? 33. For what purposes has Congress power to lay and collect taxes, &c. ? 34.
G.)
31.
the difference
excises.
Must they be uniform? 35. Why is it important? 36. Illustrate between taxes and duties. 37. Between imposts and
38. Illustrate in sentences their various
meanings.
How may
( 7.) 39.
is
congress borrow
See Article
I.
money?
40. For
what purposes
8.
this
177
Weakened.
Jeoparded.
Adjust.
The
power
ioo
to
regulate
commerce with
'left to
foreign
Committed.
Submitted.
cannot be
the states.
Exthis.
Showed.
Followed.
Each
state then
pursued
its
own imaginary
'conflicting re-
and
daahfng.
Competition.
no gulations
were adopted;
'rivalry
and jealousy
;
our
Proceedings.
commerce
'dechned, and
;
of foreign nations
the prey
rife
;
Diminished.
Confusion.
'an-
near at hand.
Appeared.
Plans.
To
by the
states, the
power
Create.
given to Con-
Indenization.
Residents.
the rights
120
and privileges of
if
citizens in an'require
Advantages.
other.
Now,
Ask
Period.
a long
another a
short one,
ized
in
An
alien.
that
term, might
i-
'shortest
to
Briefest.
any
citi-
At once.
other,
zen.
and claim
the privileges of a
'
IVmand.
Hal
itation.
The term
-
of
residence required by
Co
five years.
Statutes.
InW-ndfd.
rioaiaarn
Discharge;.
pay-
They
also secure to
baa oongresf orer
tt>
41.
What power
commerce 1
*
What
iW not be leA
r
the state*
lo
of
178
creditors a
COMMENTARY ON THE
full
surrender
of,
and an equal
bankrupt
Resignation.
Property.
Insolvent.
participation
in,
The
laws,
135
states
have power
there
is
when
Enactment.
Operation.
United States
( 9.)
all
in 'force.
Money
by which
Medium.
Effects.
Gauged.
Equai
Given,
Establishing
like
reason
might be 'assigned
They
left
to
Referred.
Continual.
Perplexity.
Conable confusion and embarrassment. ns gross has power to punish 'infringements upon its sole right to 'coin money, and to
prevent 'forgery and fraud upon
ties
its
Encroachment*.
Mint
Counterfeiting.
I
securi-
( 10.)
all
As
Lre.
parts of
Conveyed.
Selection.
the
of any uniform
states
Rule*.
would be impossible. The post-oflice is one of the most 'useful departments of government. By it, 'intelligence, literary and private, is
155
Unattainable
Beneficial
Infoimation
Spread,
I>i>jatch.
and
regularity.
It
Informed.
Why may
what are bankrupt laws designed? ( 9.) 46. What power has congress over moneys, weights and measures? 47. For what reason is this power given to Congress rather than to the states ? 48. In what case may Congress punish counterfeiting? (10) 49. What power has it in regard to post-offices and post-roads? 50. Why?
See Article
I.
8.
179
which
is
Requisite.
vernment.
io
Writers.
Introducers.
'considered
public
benefactors, and
should
Deemed.
Compensation.
They cannot
states.
obtain
'
protection
Support.
Privilege.
from the
copy-right or 'patent,
given by one
state,
Invaded.
Rest.
1'suallr.
impunity by
all
the 'others.
is
(11.) Piracy
Open waters.
Foes.
enemies of
all
nations,
and
may
of
be
The laws
Condemned.
Drawn.
Usages.
consent of 'civilized
is
nations.
Learned.
Each government
175
'responsible to foreign
Answerable.
governments
on the high
tions.
Deportment.
to
A utbority.
Violation.
laws of na'declare
The power
It
war
Wage.
Obviously.
Fitly.
eminent.
seems
are
to
belong 'appropriall
atelv to
all
Congress, where
Commoawrtltht
Inhabitants.
the 'people
represented.
Congress
y raise and
What
are
\\\o
department
fi
j I
science an
the u I
I
arts?
r
.
).'{.
Coostate
*rant a copy-rig
to e-"
'
54.
(S 11.)
What power has Congress in regard r r What powei in regard to piraWhat is piracy 1 T>7. Why may
>- >-
'.
any
gainst the la
r
1
tO
1*2.)
tin-
ngress 1
See Artirlr
I
60.
What
ar<> letters
of manrne and
of tbeCoostitotioi.
180
COMMENTARY ON THE
Purpose.
Period.
Without
authority, the
power
to
'declare
war
Make.
Ineffectual.
Ready.
Prevent.
for
190
war, a nation
is
may
frequently 'avoid
it.
This power
Checking.
Rebellions.
MlMlSt'd.
As
this
in
times of peace,
'ap-
Supplies.
Maintenance
power has
the
same
Support.
ties
200
There
is
A soldiery.
.Wvount.
Fleet of ship*
no 'record of any nation having been deprived of liberty by its navy, while many have
navy
is
very
wrces.
commerce,
in
NY.dfu'.
Protection.
Control.
and
205
is
a strong
arm of
'defence
war.
Congress
may "make
This* power
ment and
forces."
and naval
Management
'an
indispensable
( 14.)
'
necessary.
Previous.
ftfaks provi-
The
210
next
power of Congress
is
to
pro-
mam,
Knforre.
exe-
61. For what purpose are they granted ? 02. What power regard to armies? 63. How is this power restricted? 64. "What are its objects? 60. ( 13.) 65. What power in regard to a navy? What are the benefits of. a navy? 67. What power in regard to the regulation of land and naval forces? 08. To what is this power incident? ( 14.) 69. For what purposes may Congress call forth the
reprisal?
in
See Article
8.
18]
Subdue.
Incursions.
Among
'strongest objec-
Greatest.
Sujijxirting.
tions to
215
justly
}
deemed
curse of republics.
This
Bane.
Citizen soldiery.
>\ver
necessity,
'exist,
for
Be.
SuMunig.
Wielded.
Maintain.
The power
is
by Congress
Governance.
Hinders.
to the
states
'prevents
them from
Wholly.
Exigency.
Ml
( ir>.) It is
Needful.
Ability.
Officers.
where
its
functionaries convene, so
have
Abuse.
Debates.
by
force.
One
Occasion.
Acquire.
which
Compelled.
Authority.
another
place.
(^10.)
Boegfct
like.
S8
etc..
was
dictated
the
in
by similar reasons
of government.
that over
seat
This
Site.
declares
militia?
70.
I
plain
What
necessity does
tei
power ha'
the organizing
I
power prevent? 71. What and governing of the militia? 74. 73 For what purpose 7
yfafil (15.) 75. over the seat of poverninenl and placet par-
ibeee
See Article
I
poweni
tfe
77.
What
is
the
of
n,
icction
8.
182
means
240
COMMENTARY ON THE
all
Congress to 'employ
to
Apply.
Preceding.
It is 'clear,
power
to
do a thing, with-
Evident.
means
to
Needful.
Futile.
perform
power.
all
245
it,
w ould
r
be an
idle
and
'useless
But
avoid
Put
in.
DJMI
it;iiiity
The bane of governments is 'want of power To make effective 'wholesome laws enacted, And steadfastness 'forsakes them from the hour
Concessions are of 'feebleness exacted.
Lack.
Useful.
Desert*
78. By whom selected? present seat of government? ( lfi.) 80. For what pot] What general powers are given to Coflgresi 81. Give the four last lines of the lewon in prose, and supply the eili
!
|
7<.
LESSON XXXIV.
PROHIBITIONS UPON THE POWERS OF CONGRESS, AND UPON THE STATES.*
( 1.)
The
first 'article
cuom.
h<>
Expatriation
of the 'limitations and prohibitions upon the power of Congress. " The'migratreats
any
Entrance
Fit.
5 of the States
now
by the Con-
ForWiOaa
r.eviou*
impost.
Levied.
eight. But a tax or duty may be 'imposed upon such importation, not ex10 ceeding ten dollars for each "person." This
hundred and
mmm,
Relating.
What
prohibition
See Article
I.
183
Prevented.
Prohibit.
Peranna In bond-
Boob
after
was
its
removed,
Congress
Restraint.
Destroyed.
Prohibition.
example of
used
in
interdiction in
modern
is
times.
(&) The
Days.
term
common
is
em-
Phrase.
imprisoned, to
is
Incarcerated
lawful
Determine.
or not.
fies
4i
The
Means.
Empowers.
Addressed.
whom
it
is
directed, to
Durance.
Reason.
Inadequate.
Rightly.
ment be
at liberty.
insufficient,
he
is
immediately
set
This
is
bulwark of personal
upended unless
it."
and cannot be
Defence.
Intermitted.
'Security.
( 3.)
"
\o
bill
of attainder, or ex post
Impeachment.
bill
of at-
Enacted.
Criminating.
Brings.
ne
fault,
which
it
inflicts
upon him
trial.
life
Penalty.
Ik reave.
are
in the
Criminality.
4.
Has
the slave
<.f
-
( 2.)
8.
is
What Can a
a
hill
is
a writ of habeas
hill
i)
184
COMMENTARY ON THE.
Ex
post facto
Censurable.
40 laws are laws made after the 'act is done. By these a person might be 'punished for acts
Deed.
Chastised.
which were lawful when 'committed. The tyranny and injustice of these laws are 'apparent. " No tax or duty shall be laid on arti( 4.)
45
cles exported
Done
Obvious.
Goods.
Favor.
No
'prefer-
ence
shall
Law.
Harbors.
Ships.
commerce, or revenue
sels,
bound
to or
Compelled.
50
to enter, clear, or
The
it
'design
to
Taxes.
Piin.nsr.
is
of the
Privileges.
states,
and
Debar.
Improper.
Ki.C^rro.ntii.
and
(5.)
"No money
made by
law.
be 'drawn from
Taken.
And
a regular state-
Detail.
Disburse -
M;ul;
known
Expenses.
Chief magis-
An
is
Exhibit.
65
law
'receipts
Moneys
re-
11.
What
What
restriction
in respect to taxes,
of these
commerce and revenue? 13. What is the purpose restrictions? ( 5.) 14. In what manner, only, can money be
the treasury?
15.
drawn from
granted
?
tures be kept
and published?
16.
17.
Why may
See Article
185
may
and
Character.
Force.
Uniformity.
perfect
rights
all
and
privileges,
but in
rank,
among
citizens,
being con-
Standing.
Chnrter of
rights,
impropriety
titles
in
allowing Con-
Un.siiitable-
IKSS.
gress to grant
vent
of nobility.
To
pre-
Rank.
Corruption.
government are
'pro-
Debarred.
Reward.
Division.
or
title.
The
tenth 'section of
the
'prohibitions
first
article
states.
contains
Interdictions
upon the
( 7.)
On-
No
Become a
party
to.
60
alliance, or confederation
grant
letters
of
Compact.
Stamp.
Placed.
marque, or reprisal
government.
or coin money."
Such
in the national
They cannot be
exercised by
Used.
Numerous.
Interfering.
Main.
Rufti'iud.
vernment.
The
money
'issued
Sent out.
Previous
to.
by the colonies before the revolution, and terwards by the states. No -adequate funds provided to redeem them, and they e
'depreciated,
quite
until
Sufficient.
Set apart.
they
( 8.)
became nearly
or
I.ewnrd
value.
in
valueless.
From
( 6.)
'
this
example,
Worthless.
fr,.m
Uy
Lted
?
ment?
fru:n
18.
Why
'
MCaptim
DC*
xn Y I>^ ,s, nt
Why
* Uowed
Wb9*
nation
10,
make
treaties,
See
Coortitwtioti,
page
~: i6*~~
186
COMMENTARY ON THE
Forbidding.
Issue.
be seen the propriety of 'prohibiting 95 their 'emission. The making " anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts," has been found to be attended with
may
An
offer.
DiscoYered.
Dcstructire.
is
prohibited
to
similar
'bill
'reasons.
The power
pass
Causes.
Instrument.
"any
law impairing the obligation of 'contracts, or to grant any title of nobility," is denied to
the states.
Bond*.
Refused
The
reasons
why
they are
de'(//-
Withheld
from.
nied
105
to
the general
Spoken of
in
Rmmi.
iM.l.
The same
Tha Na'mnal
mtily.
Separate.
siting.
iMrmnntal
to.
Union.
In case of acIncursion.
tual invasion,
when
us with pernicious,
if not.
consequences,
Ruinous.
Protective
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.*
( 10.)
The second
article
relates to the
Refers.
structure, 'organization
Regulation.
'Executive Department.
as
Presidential
( S.) 21. Why may not the states pass bills of attainder, ex post facto laws, or grant any title of nobility'? (0.) 22. What restrictions are 23. What, in respect to laid upon the states in respect to duties'? troops and ships of war, compacts with the other states or foreign powers, and engaging in war? 24. Why are these powers denied 25. In what case may a state engage in war? to the states? ( 10.)
* See Article
II.
1,
page
130.
187
"The He
executive
power
shall
be
Authority
in a
Confederated
Rttain.
Period.
America.
the
and together with the Vice-President, chosen for the same term.
Selected.
Acting.
be elected as follows."
is
'vested
in
Lodged.
Despatch. Space.
Steadiness.
The term
of four years
long enough
to
Performance
Feeling.
Citizens.
to
remove
sense of responsibility
to,
and
In case of the
Place.
In
any other
in. inner.
succeeds him
in
office.
(11.)
'
President
their
and Vice-President
the fourth
The commence
govern-
Follows.
Degfei
duties on
liflg
day of March,
first
Functions.
their election.
The
A Her.
ment under
ho ration on
fore
it
Commenced.
Third month.
F.ach.
1789, there-
is
on
this
day
that
'every second
is
'vested
th
Clothed.
tad.
('on-
Phrase.
us grc-^.
Cnn.
be 're-elected
tinue to be
Chosen.
Delegate!
in.
wumbers of Con^
I
long as
whom
first
ia
the
27.
Sow
'
.
Why U
the
in
g
See A
188
COMMENTARY ON THE
Several. Council.
Appellation.
( 12.)
The 'name
first
year
may
be found by
Subtracting.
Present.
Congress
the 'result
155
by two
if
if
Quotient.
Title.
an even number,
it
denotes the
;
there
to
is
be
Is left.
of the year.
'Ex. 1848
do
+
For exnmplc.
Equal*.
1789 '= 59
ioo
-f-
29
remainder
in
30,
the
name
of the
for the
year 1818.
'session
Continuance.
Citizens.
'people
Ballot.
'directly for
ssljr.
This
'plan,
Way.
Accompanied
by.
Strictly.
was
excitement than a
No
'right hereditary
names
Privilege of
birth-right.
guide
Nervous.
Leader.
No
170
Can here
power
ride;
On.
Tyrants.
relief,
175
And, 'as our freemen point to it with pride, Kings tremble for their 'crowns, and see in grief, 'Throngs move towards open polls with manly stride, Where, free from 'sharpened sabres at their throats,
While.
Thrones.
Crowds.
Keen-edged.
Quiet.
They
( 12.)
31.
mighty
votes.
How
named?
32.
How
can
you ascertain the name of each Congress? (13.) 33. How many presidential electors are chosen from each state? 34. Do the people
vote directly for President? 35. Why was the present mode of election preferred? 36. Give the last ten lines of this lesson in prose, and supply the ellipses if any.
See Article
11.
1,
page
130.
189
LESSON XXXV.
( 1.)
Article
'XII. of the
Amendments
in
Twehe.
a
plain.
casting
in re-
Bt tfon
Instructions.
scaling, transmission,
certificates of the elec-
RncJoMiig.
Unsealing.
Essential.
'alterations.
Changes.
Delegates.
of the President by the House of 'Represen10 tatives, and a Vice-President by the Senate,
whenever
make a 'choice through their electors. They are, however, ricted in their choice to the three who have
the people fail to
By.
Choosing.
Ballots.
Trifling.
received the highest number of 'votes. Other15 wise, a person having a 'small
number of
( 2.)
Contrary
Plurality.
to.
The
'give
design
of making
all
the
electors
is
Cast.
their votes
to 'prevent
Avoid.
Impositions.
20 frauds or
political
among
the colleges.
Congress has
'still
fur-
Yet.
'
to another,
and ML
K i ;inng.
,
1.
How
mak<
limit--
do the
electors-
How
ul to
i1
is
proceed in the ohofe* of President the Presi lent chosen, when the elecII 4. To what \ te-President ! w
'
number
-
5.
nate
is
6.
Why
H
electors
each
?
ifled
from
being electors
($
2.]
the
tun.
rt,
and
AmeadneoU
of the Coootitnti
190
25 selves
to
COMMENTARY ON THE
be chosen
'upon
the
By
On.
United States
Choosers.
Designated.
Following.
Enjoined.
'succeeding the
first
Monday
in
November.
'on the first
30
( 3.)
The
for President
and Vice-President
in
During.
Wednesday
year
December,
l
in
'every fourth
Each.
Choice of officers.
'election.
The
electors
Washington.
Generallj.
Particular.
states.
are required
Commonwealth.
Attestations.
'certificates
of
all
by them,
the
and
40
to 'put the
same under
One of
Place.
'certificates is to
Authentica-
Addressed.
Testimonial.
at
to
Washington.
be
'sent
Another
Conreyed.
*
by
Chairman.
to be 'deli-
Committed.
Precmct.
'district in
which
The day
Convened.
Numbering; Succeeding
the second
Wednesday of
the 'following
day on which they shall give their votes, determined ? 10. Why should the same day be fixed throughout the Union? ( 3.) 11. Why is it necessary that the House of Representatives choose the President before the 4th of March? 12. In case it fails to elect a President, what is then done? 13. When are the electors chosen for President and Vice-President? 14. When are they required to vote for President and Vice-President? 15. How many distinct tickets are the electors of each state required to sign? 16. What do you suppose is the reason of this law? 17. When are the votes of the electors of all
the
See Article XII. of the Amendments of the Constitution, page
145.
191
Section
first
of Article
II.
Svcond month.
Refers.
Requisitions.
Capabilities.
sident.
By
Shall.
Situation.
post ^f honor
Dignity.
degree of attainment
a person
eligible
to
required to render
Aecomplishnient.
that office.
As
to the
Qualified
for.
qualification
in respect to
Requirement
Chosen.
BO period of
characters
life
when
'
the
of
are
generally
Commonly.
Formed.
Perfection.
Patriot.
known,
\
true
'developed, and
see, witii-
05
out fearful
in his
Forebodings
Given.
Confederacy
Provision
is
made
for
Precaution.
sible
Chance.
70 vent
suspension
of the
executive
An
entire.
functions,
fatal, to
which would be
interest
injurious, if not
PlltlfS.
the
of the country.
is
The
Welfare.
Stipend.
twenty-five th<uthat
dollars
per annum;
of the Vice-
ye:ir.
thousand dollars.
of-lent
ted?
The
'salary
Kmolument
Bo] ined.
(4.)
What
tli-
same
20.
i
Why
[tiired
Bl
Wnal
plied
24,
of the "Hi * of Presi lent -m>President, wrho is to provide for What ii the talary of the rVesiJeutl
192
COMMENTARY ON THE
which he
shall
have been
all
Time.
'temp-
Inducement
Plot.
80
for
It
its
Term
fice.
of of-
would
Sutwtrrient
to.
make him
humble
85
bility
'suppliant for
( 6.)
No-
Petitioner.
much
to the 'sta-
Strength.
and
'unequalled
prosperity
of our
'prin-
Unparalleled
Doctrines.
!>", (inent.
No
witness, no jury-
man, no judge, no governor, no president can ever 'enter upon any duty, without first
90 being
'placed
Justice.
Engage
in.
under oath
belief in a
or
affirmation,
Hound
by.
which implies a
supreme being,
to the
Involves.
who
will
Requite.
'guilty;
and
moreover an appeal
Bad.
Innocence.
Judge of
95
all to
bear witness
to the 'purity of
vmg.
Obligatory.
or affirmation, and
is
Mind.
Woe
be to him
who
'inculcates the
idle
Enforces.
Unprofitable.
Established.
and
forms;
Evade
God.
Break.
is
his
the Vice-Presioath is the President to take? ( G.) 29. What lias 30. contributed most to the stability of our form of government? What is required from every public functionary on his initiation into office ? ( 7.) 31. What is the consequence of a violation of the so-
Why may not this salary be increased during his Why not diminished? 27. What is the salary of
28.
term of office?
dent?
What
See Article
II.
1,
page
133.
193
should he dare
merit, and pro-
to
office
for
dishonorable
ends,
the
Crtagtag.
fawning
tools n\
party; he
may
receive the
his ob-
L'wriKil.
no be
inwardly despised
his
Secretly.
Scrutiny.
and
his happiest
fate
on earth
will
be
Lot
Protect.
'shield
who pander
offifee,
for
power, and
inevit-
Cater.
Place.
principle for
from the
Punishment.
OF THE PRESIDENT.*
section of the second
Part.
The second
article
Recounts.
Direction.
Plainly.
the President.
is>
The command
ailment; for
in
of the army,
navy, and
militia,
no other de-
Branch.
in
-
we
'expect
to
Look
for.
of
Qunkness.
Nece.^
Insurrection.
from puUahoirnt.
of
U5 of
war
or rebellion.
(^ 9.)
The
President
imperfections
lav.
fallibility
ity
of
that
iMe.
.uiity
nee.
i brought to light,
lemn pow
the inno?
Harmless-
nblic functionary
H2.
What
($ s.)
mmand
of the
'ant
?
lo grt
"*.
pp
133.
194
COMMENTARY ON THE
I
usse.
very,
in the
of justice.
Any
criminal
miti-
Dispensc x.on
Sy>tem.
Deemed.
Tyrannical.
The
President cannot
Remit punishment.
Condemned.
Sanction.
Instance.
Clear.
under
140
his 'authority, or be
one of
his corrupt
favorites.
would be a
guilty.
is
it
so
is
Liable
to.
Committed.
number of
public 'functionaries, to
its
utility
or nefur-
Warranty.
The power
of appointment
Facilities.
by the executive.
Kujoyed.
however, guarded
in
some
'degree,
by
Measure.
making
155
The
Pre-
Approval.
Displaces.
Concurrence
seems
lias
35.
to
validity.
It
Held.
StateS-
Why may
in
( 10.) 36. What body must concur with the President in forming treaties? 37. What proportion? 38. What body must concur with
him
39.
Why
the appointment of ambassadors and other public oflB is the appointing power thus granted? ( 11.) 40. Is the
See Article
II.
2, paq;e 131.
195
men who
Ml tion, that
'assisted in
Aided
.\p;>n\al.
IllV. >*
111:
where
the advice
and 'consent of
lit
Requisite.
Employment
-i rrence by the Senate necessary to removal from office 4*2. In what VYbai opinion has hern held by sotne concern iilg this? case has die President power to iill vacancies 1
!
l
LESSON XXXVI.
( 1.)
The
third
section of the
second
Supcrintendiuice.
article
dent.
From
his
affairs o{ the
nation, foreign
is
and domestic,
of the Union,"
Concerns.
Particularly.
5 the President
"information of the
Condition.
know
ledge.
mend measures
gress.
Con-
Act ion.
incca.
'Occasions
may
arise,
when
the in-
Demand.
ration
mediate action.
Hence
only
in
the necessity of a
power
ment.
15 be
to
convene Congress.
shall take
He
that
can adthe
Convoke.
!
journ Congress
case of 'disagreecare
lew
'-He
laws
Ju:]y.
faithfully executed."
The
great object
in the
Administering.
ment
(
1.)
1.
to
accomplish a
the pi
faithful 'execution
Perfbrmenofl
Why
i-
Why
When m
?
i-
th-
power
to
DOt adjourn
ihlish-
Congr--^
L.
What
196
of the laws.
COMMENTARY ON THE
( 2.)
It is
Reqmrement
Yearly.
20 'opening of the
should
include
l
session, a
message, which
all
Begin rung.
a synopsis of
national
An
epitome.
'matters of importance.
Special messages
Business.
Especial.
are often sent to Congress, which have 'particular reference to one, or only a
few
'sub-
Mutters.
25
jects.
It is
President.
Extensive.
The num-
Power.
Depend inf.
Administration.
1846,
was
fourteen thousand
in
30
six
1790, one
But.
Government.
seventy-five.
The
Amount.
Station.
Ablest.
35 statesmen of the
( 3.)
Country. Holds.
The
Admits.
Ministers.
foreign 'ambassadors
who
are
Peculiar.
40
shown
in the
Previously.
G6,)
he
much
must ne-
Regulations
Influence.
Alterations.
much
powers, and
in
Realms.
merit of the executive department? ( 2.) 5. What annual fluty devolves on the president? 6. What are some of the causes that increase the influence of the president 1 7. What number of post-offices was there in the United States in 1790? 8. What number in 18-lfi ? ( 3.) 9. Who do you suppose occupies the most exalted office in the world? 10. What gives the president much weight with foreign
See Article
II.
3,
page
134.
197
Generally.
Infracted.
require their
IVmand.
Execution.
60 proper enforcement.
_ tect
When
public officers
their business, or
is
Mnegard.
Dfeobaige.
leges,
it
appoint
agents.
in their
It
places faith-
Employ.
Factors.
and
etlicient
may
be proper of Con-
)5
member
Observe.
no judge, no president, no
'officer
is
what-
Functionary.
Excellent.
'honor-
any
titular
way, by the
'authority of
Sanction.
the Constitution;
all titles
Accorded.
Courtesy.
60
ters of etiquette.
( 5.)
The
members of
discharge
Chief- magistrate.
in the
Hindered.
duties, but
is
privileged from
Exempted.
Desertion.
Office.
arrest in
all civil
65
tion of
duty, he
may,
in
common
with
all
Municipal.
impeached, and
is
Arraigned.
any
violation of the
Citi-
Tribunals.
and
id
Representatives
all
hold
to
Obtain.
o
V.
derive
i:
their
power
pow<
other nations
dent
the
.f
truot-
duty of the president when treaties i- tin' duty of the presi2. Whal t!:o national officers neglect theii duties or abuse to them 1 re memben <! Con]
i-
tlie
'
and
ruhjert, in
the
Se*
(S 6
5,
Illustrate
17*
198
COMiMENTARY ON THE
Employers.
Freed.
'impeachment
75
liable to
Arraignment
Ejected.
gress.
tive,
Right.
Follows
tated to
him by
his 'conscience,
Sane
ef jus-
power of 'contributing much to the prosperity 80 or 'ruin of the republic. The President of
the nation should 'consider his
Adding.
Destruction.
Ktc.ird.
own
the
interest
Prosperity.
Clique.
of
whole
his
main
[\sm\
85 'study should
be, DOt to
'eulogies of favorites,
perform with
mortal
oan be 'committed
to
man
Entrusted.
90
tutions, to
add
to
the
Plenty.
Forward.
Privilege*.
and religious
( 7.)
liberties of the
world.
However
excellent, patriotic,
and
Eminent.
ations.
pure
may have
Ame-
remember
Worth.
(
tions.
if
they cease to
Effect.
conduct of their
rulers, if
16.
they
Overlook-
tween ruin and destruction, in the 80th line. main study of the president of the nation?
What
should be the
the people constantly remember ? 18. What of a republic? 19. Why should people inspect the conduct of their rulers? 20. What is requisite to sustain and perpetuate liberty 21.
?
See Article
II.
1,
pa^e
130.
CONSTITUTION OF
100
T11K
UNITED STATES.
199
become ignorant
pass from the
10
of the
requirements of the
inevitably
titan-Thin
r^riaiij
Constitution, political
power must
to the few.
many
republic
ivo P ie.
Tyranny.
a despotism in reality,
broils
and
Tumults.
anarchy.
Knowledge.
continue.
alike requisite to
perpetuate liberty.
JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT
( 8.)
It is
TREASON.
Obvions.
judiciary.
'controversies, punish
rights.
Disputes.
Else.
and enforce
'Otherwise the
ernment
or this
will be 'deficient
and powerless,
Imperfect.
power
will be 'usurped
by the other
Assumed.
Destructive.
'fatal to liberty.
The
lis
rt
Famous.
Freedom.
Divided.
there
no
be not
powers."
And no
As
it
Observation.
ages of
Corroboration.
Function.
Validity.
clary
to
decide
concerning the
Proceeding
Contitutionl.
carry
into
effect
'
established
laws,
and
prevent the
Sanction.
"itutional; its
powers are
'equally
t&
Co-extensive
Division.
Do
wise* an<l grod rulers wish to keep their national or legislative proceedings from the knowledge of the people ? {% 8.) 22. For what Why should it be separated se is a judiciary n< from the 94. With what are tin jtl licial p co-extensive ? vrti Mooteaqoiaii (S 9.) 96. In what is the
.
See Article
III.
of the Constitute
200
COMMENTARY ON THE
( 9.)
ment.
judiciary.
to the
'seen,
Refers.
Observed.
Deputed.
'concurrence
130
Were
they
Assent
Chosen.
'elected
by the people directly, they would be liable to have their feelings enlisted in favor of the party which 'elected them, and to be 'prejudiced against the party which opposed
Kncnrrd.
ChoseBiased.
135
them. They would be more liable to be 'swayed by faction, and to mould their decisions to suit the 'prevailing opinions of the
Prone.
Influenced.
Existing.
day,
ill
order to
The
beArbitrators.
good
havior*"
uo
Set aside.
rs
impeachment.
independence,
cer-
tain.
by removing
'apprehen-
Fears.
Perform.
charge
and integrity.
Truth.
t'nchtnf
A
145
situation so 'permanent
and independent,
awaken
a 'laudable ambition
Praiseworthy
Renown.
Performance
wise and
( 10.)
150
III. 'reEx'rnt of
authority.
fcrs to
the
judiciary.
Coming
up.
laws and
United States,
Compacts.
judicial
28.
27. How long do the judges hold their offices ? should not the judges be elected by the people? 29. What is the probable effect of this term of office upon the judges? ( 10.) 30. To what cases does the judicial power extend? 31. Why does it
power vested?
Why
See Article
III.
20]
son that.
legislative
and executive,
in
respect to
Becro.
Action.
their
The
work
numerous
<>(
Many.
Character.
Pertain.
mentioned
in
kind.
They
and such as
are
Tribunal.
Suitably.
Foreign
'ministers
Envoys.
national
iti3
officers,
Functionallt'S.
jurisdiction against
Legal power.
Highest. Authority.
the
Supreme Court of
of admiralty
The JSupreme Court has power over cases and maritime jurisdiction, because they are intimately 'connected with
Naval.
United.
rro
'regulation of
commerce
It
Management
Administration.
has
power over
and
'controversies
between
states,
Disputations.
because no
Various.
judge
in its
might be inclined
(\ 12.)
i
to favor
is
An
arbiter.
Disposed.
court
said to
have
Primary.
Begin.
Appealing.
icti< n,
'Appellate jurisdiction
decision
made by some
ing
The
Tribunal.
~i
(11.)
32.
Why
3
l.
aflec
hetu has
Tn
In
what what
202
right of trial
COMMENTARY ON THE
by jury
is
Considered.
Barriers.
Charged with
by
his fellow-eiti-
just
zens,
interest in oppressing
Maltreating.
common
The
the
Commonwealth.
he be innocent.
state
in the
where
'
crime
190
Perpetrated.
R(>sulenre
Associates.
accused
may
witnesses, and
strangers,
friends, to be
feel
among
for
who
no 'sympathy
him,
I'r,
di.sjx.scl.
What
is
meant by
original jurfsdici
appellate jurisdiction ? 39. How must all crimes e\ impeachments be tried? 40, Where must it be 41, What are the advantages of a trial by jury? 42, Why should the trial be held
What by
LESSON XXXVII.
( 1.)
'III.
relates
Three.
Rebellion.
to 'treason.
Treason
is
known
to
human
laws, as
aim
less
is
to over-
Subvert.
AdminiNtra-
more or
is
bloodshed.
Accompanied
Enormous.
I>is:ru>t.
So
'atrocious
is
Wrath.
person, to a 'degree that must operate to the 10 'prejudice of the accused, though he might
(
1.)
1.
Height
Injury.
2.
How many
ITT.
witnesses
"
203
To
Guiltless.
suffering, treason
Public.
of
'hostility
For a
cases
War.
like reason,
'required to
Denuded.
Find guilty.
Essential.
15 'convict
only one
of treason,
is
in other
( 2.)
"
The Conpunshall
power
to declare the
Authority.
ishment of treason.
But no 'attainder
Conviction.
Confiscation.
work corruption of
20 cept during the
'According
treason
life
Individual.
to the
common law
Agreeable.
Unfeeling.
was punished in the most 'cruel manner. The 'offender was drawn to the He was then hanged 'gallows in a hurdle.
25 by the neck, cut
Criminal.
Gibbet.
Still.
down
his
while
head
cut
off]
and
body quartered.
is
The
death
'Decapitated.
punishment
declared by Congress
Pronounced.
Gibbeting.
Lost.
by hanging.
Under
the
common
all his
law, the
estates, real
Moveable.
any of
suffered
his for
Not capable
Possessing.
'innocent
'ancestors.
the
Harmless.
Progenitors.
PRIVILEGES OF CITIZENS FUGIPUBLIC RECORDS PUBLIC DEBT TIVE CRIMINALS AND SLAVES
&C
If a
to
IS
{\ 3.)
Determined.
are re^uir^-l
!
conrict of treason 1
4.
[% 2.)
UoW
5.
II
i-
CongTeM
punishment of
treason"?
II
Why
restricted
See Article
of the Constitution.
pe*<
204
in
COMMENTARY ON THE
one state could 'afterwards be brought
another
at
state,
it is
to
Plain
Litigation.
trial in
less 'contests
either party,
Pufyuwa
Foiled.
40
ally defeated.
Runaway.
Relation.
much
Contrariety.
"The
45
to all
each
state shall
be entitled
citizens
Haw-
a claim
privileges
and Immunities of
Rights.
States,
states, to the
General.
'>>m;nsing.
same
'national
50 nation.
:'.re.
(4.)
Portion.
This 'provision
'benefit
'aids in
is
Measure.
Advantage.
Assis's
crime,
its
Probabilities.
Empowers.
states
to
not
Fled.
60 'permitted.
common law common law?
?
The
6. 7.
Allowed.
suffer? (3.) 8. Why should credit he pfren in each state to the judicial proceedings of every other? 9. To what are the citizens of each state entitled in every other state? 10. In what manner may fugitive criminals be reclaimed? 11. What is the tendency of this provision? 12. How may fugitive slaves be recovered ? 13. What is the design of this provision ? ( 4.) 14. What power has Congress in relation to the admission of new states? 15. What in relation to forming new ones
to
1G.
How many
states
the
See Article
page
205
admission of new
territories.
states,
Entrance.
Districts.
When
was ibrmed,
there
were only
seventeen
Framed.
Subsequently
Admitted.
There is still remaining 'in the vest amount of territory, which will probably be admitted at some future time, 'formBut 'Congress has no ing several states. 70 power to form a new state within the jurisdiction of another state, or 'merge two in
a vast
Towards the
Pacific.
Very
large.
Constituting:.
The
national
legislature.
Limits.
Involve.
Approval.
Interested.
Uncontrolled
Supremacy.
Just.
is
have 'power
tories,
terri-
Authority.
Because.
Provinces.
United
The
territories
generally
Designated.
and a
Composed.
Inhabitants.
tives, elected
territory.
They
also send a
Representatives at
iiate
Deputy.
Can.
Discuss.
questions,
but
The
Secures.
Mode.
IVrnntted.
each of the
sritation
18.
states.
Were
17.
a state allowed to
have
rrnnl
sinr-e
was adopted!
How many
-
been added?
Why may
others without the (* 5.) 19. What control has Conroperty of the United Si
'
are the
*
rM '"
""'O
"
]
'
What
Se
13a
IS
206
COMMENTARY ON THE
it
would
Receive.
90 be
'
dangerous
to,
Detrimental.
Obligation.
Union.
all
The duty
of a govern-
ment
'limits
to
protect
its
Guard.
Bounds.
Rebellion.
of
jurisdiction,
from domestic
vioin-
lence,
by
'insurrection,
Candidly.
The
in
fifth
article
'
the
Sets forth.
Improvement*.
manner
fect;
ioo
to the Constitution.
No
Constitution
is
'per-
Complete.
to
Formed.
meet
the 'exigencies
.7
different ages.
Emern
An
entire.
Process.
or 'aims and
pursuits of a people,
DttifM,
tons.
powers and 'operations of government, to suit their interests, conveniences, and 'necessities.
Wants.
To guard
is
Newtag
Mutations.
Variable.
Fitness.
easy 'changes
no perous
also highly
important
'propriety
A
of
Hence
the
Branch.
Alterations.
request.
Essential.
ns vention.
ration
( 8.)
The
sixth article
is is
a 'decla-
Prodi
CsMeien-
of an obligation which
'morally
must the United States guarantee to every state? 22. Why is this necessary? 23. Is it the duty of the general government to pr the states from invasion ? ( 7.) 24. How may amendments be ma le ? 25. Why are they sometimes necessary? 26. What should be guarded against? ( 8.) 27. In what manner are all debts binding upon goSee
Article V. of the Constitution, paxre 139.
207
upon
every
nation
through
in
if
all
Obligatory.
Variations.
Entirely.
'changes.
the
Constitution
they
any
they
it-
Used.
other
power
not
or,
in
other
words,
if
language,
were
self
Paramount.
Void.
would be
nullity.
The
propriety of
'officers,
in
Functionaries.
Questioned.
Article.
The
any
the
last
is,
to prevent
alliance
state in
League.
The
Management
Furnishes.
Injurious.
Similar.
Trial.
amply
warn
us against a 'like
experiment.
(9.)
Two
of the
'states,
North Carolina
Confederacies.
at first 'accede to
it,
Consent.
when
'close
Confirmed.
thev f>und that the national government 'conBldered them as foreign nations. At the
Looked upon
End.
Cognomens.
Deputies.
most of
whom
try.
are 'distinguished
in
Eminent.
Discreetness.
wisdom and
Depot?.
Is
stands
28.
the
is
name
of
to
registered.
ncnts in
ail
circumstances 1
land
1
What
declared
}
be the su30.
the
29.
Who
arc
hound thereby 1
31. 33,
What
reli-
What
is
officers
Constitution 1
Why
ore
any
required
to
See
Bin*r:iplnr.il
208
COMMENTARY ON THE
H5 to 'every
George Washington a sufficient 'guaranty American that the Constitution was framed with 'prudence and foresight, and with an ardent desire that it might 'prove a
blessing to the
Warrant.
L'acli.
Discretion.
Become.
Continual.
'perpetual
'people.
whole American
Nation.
35.
Who was
?
tion
34. What states at iirst refused to ratify it? President of the Convention that framed the Constitu36. Of what is his name a sufficient guaranty?
LESSON XXXVIII.
AMEND.M FATS.
( 1.)
The 'amendments
all
to the Constitu-
Additions.
tion
have
been
'ratified,
and are
now
Approved.
The
greater part
Document.
Efficiently.
more
'effectually to
in
the
Con-
Referred.
Lucidly.
interdictions
or
more
'prohibitions of
would be dangerous
country.
10 shall
"Congress
establish-
of the
*
clause.
concerning.
Forbidding.
ment of
curuu.ng.
Liberty.
'peti-
Memorialize
correction.
y;riev-
We
have
'seen, in Article
VI.
observed.
( 1.) 1. Of what are the amendments now a part? 2. For what are they mostly designed? 3. Why is Congress forbidden to make any law respecting an establishment of religion? ( 2.) 4. What preSee Article
I.
of the
Amendments
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
of the Constitution, thai no religious
'test
209
Pledge.
tor office.
Exacted.
The
first
clause here,
is
is
an extension of that
Enlargement
Interdiction.
20 prohibition, and
reasons.
It
prevents
interference of goduties.
Intermeddling.
vernment
this
in
religious
.Moreover,
Pious.
Passage.
Junction.
Pretext.
Different.
rier to the
Whenever.
Creed.
lished the
frm
it
has
Favored.
Oppressive.
Sects.
30
belief,
all
other 'denominations.
( 3.)
It
may
Suitable.
makes no
civil
'provision for
it
Arrangement
the support of
Christianity, because
was
The
religion
of Christ.
Altogether.
Christianity.
purposes; and
B.inrain.
National.
Public.
government a few of
r
its
rights
the better
state
every
and
every
individual
in
the
fYi M.n.
Ei pt
sents an insuperable barrier in this country to the union of church >' been the result whenever any nnd 7 tfl ( 3 J 6. For what reason, government haippotl Christianity in the
-
tution
7.
Why
I
d
B.
any
Wbatd
Amendmentto
of the
ptfl 112
"uT
210
COMMENTARY ON THE
to
Impracticable.
45 introduce the 'subject of religion in such manner as to meet the 'approbation of the
Matter.
Sanction.
for
though
Denominations.
50 ences.
( 4.)
Among
the
'framers of the
Constitution
were men as 'eminent for their wisdom and 'piety, as they were for their patriotism; and the history of our country
has 'demonstrated that religion
Religion.
Chronicle.
may
flourish
Proved.
<;r.-;itrst.
55
in 'aid
its
and
that
Help.
happiness of
60 of the nation
of 'schools.
( 5.)
'attained,
l\Y:iclicd.
rn 'iiaries.
The
press
is
government.
The
acts of the
65 are open
'abuse of
to
its
free 'discussion,
Debate.
Ill-use.
power
is
r.'i.ird.
Wickedly.
Lrtcrmry work*.
Printed.
even of a
scientific
or literary cha-
An
artistical.
How
what
first
( 4.) 9. What does the history of our country d em oust rate ? the happiness of mankind best promoted? (5.) 11. In manner is free discussion useful ? 12. What is the design of the
is
Article of the
Amendments
I.
to the Constitution
to the Constitution,
( 6.) 13.
What
See Article
of the
Amendments
page U2.
211
sanction of government
Approval.
Now.
Gazette.
than
in
all
the rest
world.
(>.)
Globe.
Dreads.
Examination
by the people
Founded.
General.
Justness.
80 people,
is
interested in the
;
universal disseits
mination of knowledge
administration,
Wisdom.
Make.
Diffusion.
85
of truth,
itfl
jest
bulwarks.
It
should,
Barriers.
however, be
3
Clearly.
Privilege.
not confer
an unrestricted right
of speech or publication.
( 7.)
Utterance.
If
that
were the
bis
case,
'citizen
Denizen.
90 might
nity,
vilify
Reproach.
might destroy
and sac-
Immolate.
Felicity.
rifice his
mere wantonness, or
Sportiveness.
Disafflcion.
Insurrection.
revenge.
ellion,
A man
sedition,
and treason against the governgives liberty to print or say anyin his rights,
ment
It
Wnmg,
reputation
jomp of the
rotri
tions
upon knowledge
in
does despotism
alv.
What
17
>ll
the
(5 7.)
iay pi
be*
ing of this
tl
and
B.
What mu>t
D
?
ibe condr.
( 8.)
8m Article
of the
A mend menu
to
*PM
H2.
212
100
COMMENTARY ON THE
The
is
right of the
Administration.
Pray.
invaluable.
'ab-
Wrongs.
Despicable.
conceive of a more
more humiliating
Degrading.
Ideas.
to those
own
'rights,
Immunities.
make known
denied
in
and
'petition
Memorialize
Relief.
'despotic
governments, under a
Tyrannical.
Rebellions.
Plots.
and
'conspiracies.
( 9.)
The second
article
is
"
well
're-
Organized.
gulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the 'right of the people to
Needful.
Liberty.
arms
Weapons.
Imperious.
Some
'tyrannical
governments resort
it
to dis-
an
offence
crime.
military 'pa-
Drills.
rades.
120
In
all
Inhabitants.
keep
Muskets.
Character.
weapons.
The
fully
true
army was
125
Recognised.
Realized.
practical results
It
may
indeed be
Change.
Doubt.
a
19.
question, if
What is the most abject state of slavery to which man is subject ? What right has been denied under despotic governments? ( 9.) 21. What is the condition of the people in despotic countries? 22. What is the difference between guns and ?7iuskets, in the 121st line? 23. In what way had the republic of this country realized the evils of standing armies? 24. Are the citizens of a country easily made
20.
*
See Article
II.
of the
Amendments
213
Province!.
without
its
standing army.
The
citi-
IYnnanf nt.
Soon.
and cannot
Proceed mp>
Hirelings.
be
is
made
the
the
tools of oppression.
folly
(10.)
]
It
extreme of
for
any
in
Height
Support.
Se-.isons.
army
government
;
is
'abolished in organized
Destroyed.
armies
for
Equals.
at the
any real or 'supposed offence; they are mercy of their officers in 'short, under
Imaginary.
Fine.
the
Denied the
the freedom
Complete.
Defined.
Home.
Discourse.
Free.
move
which
Automatons.
Deem.
Render.
Imperceptibly.
and
to
pay homage
to
to
men.
be the ser-
Mandates.
'further lia-
Moreover.
Derelictions of duty.
which
in civil
society
would
but
slight
punishment, to be 'court-
rtialled,
whipped,
man
of
Executed.
Judgment.
aru.i
X\
if).) 25. What laws exist in established tendency of long-continued surveillance How must men in armies view their officers 1 28. lure to go without the limits prescribed by tbelc
officers?
to
permanent armies.
difference
30.
their liberty
without standing
W:
of the
between
See Article
Amendnv
214
'years,
155
COMMENTARY ON THE
may
be hung, for refusing to obey, or
Advanced
age.
Doubling.
Foolish.
Partiality.
perhaps passionate
and
upstart,
whom
placed
ito
'command. remark, that the most illustrious generals of the revolution were 'citizens and not soldiers
well
profession, and
worthy of
Authority.
Renowned
Civilians.
by
testi-
Evidence.
mony
The
Permanent.
Continental.
citizens be-
and may
justly be 'regarded as
Looked upon
Regular.
Potent
citizen soldiers;
'king of
England was
and
The
princi-
Abhorred.
Relinquished
Positions.
and assumed
nothe
'close of the
war. Ambitious
men may
ad-
End.
False.
Fu
c<s.
advanced,
Calling.
lUlMllCSS.
own
[
'calling
is
degraded.
all
most honorable of
one must bow
ism.
1
callings,
Respected.
to
the
Reverence.
Host*.
Wherever
have been found, there also has existed the EM sway. most oppressive and 'absolute despotism. decontrolled
a trial by jury and a jury prohibited? 33.
trial
by court-martial
32.
Where
is
trial
by
the illustrious generals of the revolution? ( 12.) 34. Did the revolutionary generals resort to war as a profession? 35. In what light may the whole revolutionary army be regarded? 36. What was the most oppressive menial anil tool of the king of Great Britain? 37. What effect has the exaltation of the soldiers profession upon the pursuits and calling of citizens? 38. Who
Who
were
( 13.) 39.
What
of the
Amendments
215
The
Large,
Invim\bh\
Cunning.
Established.
the usurpation of
power by
o{
artful
citizens
bulwarks
Supporters.
Let then
rsally
all
all
At'ainm.nt.
Spread.
disseminated
liberty,
among
the people,
and
fo-
toes to
whether domestic or
of the world
Enemies.
Dust
National.
The
i'-o
political condition
is
such,
that
the
friends
of
human
an index
improvement
alert:
if
AdvaQOellirilt.
the
Look-oat
is
director.
this
country
to
Counsels.
Favor.
as
disparity.
Vocation.
inevitably produced
either the
most abject
Despicable.
Depraved
Confusion.
I'nhappincss.
Fatal.
xo and misery
site (
in
oppo-
1 1.)
Let
each
and every
in
'citizen
Inhabitant.
whatever
be
let
Share.
may
at-
Ignominy.
Calling.
ta'ched
to the
profession of arms;
us
not
the
ially
army
Wry
ibsord.
of
power
!'
'
If milit
ntial,
who
ougrc
the
tendency of keeping
t.
men
requiring them
rant-
receive
(^
l
and obey
urn
i.
1.)
See Ac
if
!I
of the
Amendnv m
216
entertained.
COMMENTARY ON THE
In cases of sudden
invasions,
HntfilA n-
Itwm
iVrturltailiillS.
must be
people.
'shielded
Protected.
Individual.
Conflict.
may
215
be a soldier, and
in
(Jillrtllde.
a citizen.
Warlike.
Necessary.
produced by
Generated.
CJnriglifc IHX>.
of their subjects.
The
third
'amendment
is
Addition.
Lodged.
Approbation.
in
the
'consent of the
in
owner; nor
in
manner
Way.
to be prescribed
by law."
It
was
a 'custom
Despotic.
Respect for
their interests, or to
forms of law.
?
in any house 43. In what manner ever been done without regard to forms of law? 43. Why should not <j, in the 2Q2d line, be changed to an, when you substitute usage for custom I
42.
Can
soldiers be quartered
only?
44.
Has
it
LESSON XXXIX.
1.)
The
citi-
Secures.
Changes.
(
unYials.
!';ist
Option.
S
of 'accusation,
What
III
rights of the
what conditions
See Articles
may
and
warrants
IV. of the
people cannot be violated? 2. UpOfl for search be issued? ( 2.) 3. What Amendments to the Constitution, pages H2 and 143.
217
pera
suffered
front)
Guiltless.
'illegal
f
T
kind
ssible
in
riders
!?! m
MOO*.
this
10 country.
five
sions of Articles
and
y important
_
T
n indictsed can be
Momentous
ssar
put
-
Charged.
;
u>:
:"
They
oppression,
him
his
/.
15 from
It
unnecessary
shall
before
Seventy.
Confirmed.
Ordeal.
:d
and cannot
;
be 'compelled to self-accasation
liberty,
.re
all
his
life,
Forced.
protected by
BhhM
Expeditions.
20 law, unless he
public, that he
if
have
forfeited
them by
trial
may
innocent.
( 3.)
They
d the ac-
de-
Vindication.
25 fence: he
is
Chara
~
:..-.
the 'accusal
inst
him, that he
may
-
pre-
:_-?
Rebut.
gainst
to
Deponents,
lnterroeate.
him. that he
may
question them
he
is
ha ve
to
Proceedaga.
:
;.
sel to assist
him
in his defence.
In arbitrary
all
frequently
of
Often.
are denied.
Uhmt
crime*
necessary before a person can be brought to trial for an infamous 4. In what other respects is the accused protected from inconvenier. and oppression ? 5. How are false accusations 7. 1$ 3 I trial be b. the accused be informed of the accusations against him ? See Articles V and VI of the Amendments to the Constitution, psfe 143.
'
~T9~~
218
35
( 4.)
COMMENTARY ON THE
The
seventh Article has 'reference
Allusion.
by jury
're-
Application.
This
Pertains.
United States.
in
Judiciary.
Likewise.
shall 're-examine
Review.
Case.
Security.
eighth Article
is
" Excessive
by a
jury.
The
not
;
'bail shall
fines
'imposed
nor
Exuded.
Executed.
'inflicted."
45 Cruel
and
atrocious
punishments,
which
Wicked.
Malignity.
might be
inflicted
from 'malice, or
to gratify
a feeling of
Vindictive-
The
numerous
rthy.
The
ninth Article
is
"The
here 'prohibited.
( 5.)
Defarred.
Bcatton
enumeration
in
Privileges
be construed to deny or
'retained
disparage others
due.
55
is
by the People."
The
tenth Article
to the
Kept.
United
Given.
Forbidden.
Secured.
Individually.
These two
It is
evident
Clear.
In'risred.
to the
United
Appertain,
them or
to the
people.
dtizens.
confronted with the witnesses against him? 9. Are any of these privileges ever denied to persons accused 1 (4.) 10. To what civil cases is the ri^ht of trial by jury extended 1 11. What is prevented by the prohibition of excessive bail and fines, and cruel punishment- ? ( 5.) 12. What powers are reserved to the states respectively, or to
See Articles
VII., VIII., IX.,
anl 145.
219
lnun-
The
the Unit
power of
shall
in
nol
nd to any suit
law or
nmenced or
States
is
pr
another
or
i>
sul
any
fo.,!>.
This
of the
merely an additional
prohibit
Supreme Court,
the
in
powers of which
treating o\
(7.)
haw
III.
been considered,
Article
BnodMd.
of the Constitution,*
This
amend-
ment
75Uk-
??*.
n
urt.s.
triI
wrii cf error
in
is
writ founded
*2LJ
*r*
on an alleged error
r>
80
to
some
OH which judgment has been given in interior court, and to reverse or affirm
'no.
the
the
ibml
65
($ 8.) The twelfth and lust Article <^ the Amendments has been inserted in the body
stitution.1
It
;
may, however, be
i
\.vertheie
K^^rked.
ndments of
!io
<
'onstjneion
1-
90 equally
ai
I
die
jutli
rer of
writ
*
of error f
( 8.) 16.
Smpuge
arm
220
tion,
COMMENTARY ON THE
and
justly considered part
and parcel
Rightly.
of that 'document.
is
The
twelfth
Amendment
the
Instrument.
any way,
Changes.
original Constitution.
was
'proposed in
Propounded.
95
By reason. Thomas.
Suffrage.
of
Jefferson.
On
the
it
was found that each had seventy-three votes. ( 9.) The House of Representatives pro100
Ascertained.
Commenced.
2d month.
manner prescribed by
the Constitution,
C. SL,
Ordained.
and con-
linted States
Vote.
tinued to 'ballot
each day,
105
till
when
February.
'
Thomas
Jefferson
was
is,
in.s.n.
President.
CotMeqnaaOT.
This amendment
therefore,
important,
ex-
inasmuch as
iio
it
requires
the
electors
Particularly.
and Vice-President;
by that meant
Then-hy.
\. e.Iless.
Virulence.
Use.
The
Purine.
Protector.
Origin.
war
it
has proved
In
its
'
itself
republic.
'infancy
was
it
assailed with
unparalleled
vehemence
if
was
then
Violence.
matter of 'theory,
Conjecture.
Why was Article XII. of the Amendments inserted in the body of the Constitution? 17 What is peculiar of the twelfth amendment ? (9) IS. Give an account of the presidential contest in 1 S01. 19. Why is the twelfth amendment important ? ( 10.) 20. How long has the Constitution been in force 3 22. 21. What has been the result of its operation ?
See Article XU. of the Amendments to the Constitution, pa^e 115
221
to.
its
na-
Give
i?o
Success.
Proof.
Experience, the
theories, has
its
infallible
test
of
all
human
Sageness.
Unrivalled.
ings of
125
operation.
attempt to
Action.
Enfeeble.
own
transcendent
light of
Tower.
Precedent.
Trial.
example
all
to bless
past
experience
and
mental
\e
a
Blindness
Intrigues
chance of success
to the
'schemes
of those
Base.
wish
to destroy
'confederacy.
Union.
(| 11.)
Every
Freedom.
Motive.
new
'impulse to duty
by
it
the
Success.
:iferred
Bestowed.
Fortification.
Feared.
Adversaries.
might foster
its
Hopes
Confident.
Sincere.
most sanguine of
honest
its
framers.
person reflect
sppuration.
Recollect.
we have
I
Severed.
Constitution
f
:
its
infancy?
24.
23.
What
is
the
the
human Amei
all
theories
(11)
its
What
stituti >n
throughout the
iloctr
25.
What
arc
upon the
i
evils
it
was
in
disseminating
snd disunionl
?
What would
28. If the
19*
222
'feeble
COMMENTARY ON THE
nations,
where now
exist the
most
He
picas.
'Questions
'deDetermined.
now
Houses
Settled.
Strife.
field
of
( 12.)
who can
'end
155
1
where
could
Who
tell
number of unprin-
Dmftmdom.
Heavy.
Required.
would spring up; the enormous taxes that would be 'exacted of the people to supthat
Annoyance*.
nesa.
would 'inevitably follow (^ 13.) Hut how can the Constitution be 'maintained, unless it is made known to the people, and how
I
Certainly.
Supported.
Community.
Inculcated.
can
it
be
made known
it'
not
'taught
'
in
our schools?
105
land
Country.
gives to
life,
and
to
measures injurious
surely
that
Comprehend.
Finally.
injure all;
we must
fall:
Severed.
Exist.
take the
'
lead of
all
Advance.
Domestic.
ment of
'attain
man, and
Reach.
Chronicles.
For nearly
how would
questions of sectional moment be then decided ? ( 12.) 29. Would the Union, once divided, continue without numerous subdivisions and distractions? ( 13.) 30. What is the only effectual way to support the Constitution? 31. In what consists the strength of our country? 32. To what desirable position does the Constitution lead
223
su
thousand
years during
has
that
the
'time
in
world
liberty
been
has
G000.
created, yet
PerimL
Shut.
up
narrow
territo-
Predominance.
magnificent scale as
;
now
exhibited in
Grand.
Information.
Offered.
America
and
and
the
and of
riaces.
Utility.
Indigent.
men
Appellations.
Cycle.
nown from
of merit.
( 15.)
Retirement.
Ability.
The
Constitution
may
justly be
Palladium.
knowand of
Looked upon
Equal
rights.
among men,
it is
the patron
of
letters,
the fountain
of justice
Literature.
'order in
human
society;
System.
Liberty.
Edifice.
a mag-
nificent
structure,
wisdom by
successful
its
'
Sagacity.
Friends.
'
benefactors of the
are
human
and
is
race
intelli-
pillars
now
;
the virtue
its
'
Supports.
I';i>!
keystone
union.
nmp.
may 'under-
Sap.
Local.
faction,
sectional jealousies,
and
strife,
may
it
Consume.
Solicitude.
other.
Let
despotic ru others? 3
36.
What
r
men
('"j
long lias the world continued under the example of freedom to all promoted to office under the Constitution?
intry et
15.1
87.
How may
224
can
205
COMMENTARY ON THE
to
its
bless-
Understand.
Protect.
^Intrusions.
ingvS,
and
from
all
possible 'en-
croachments.
( 16.)
The
Farewell Address.
country
'importance and
Necessity
BfcfeMt
Reverence.
Co-existent.
Those who 'revere the sage counsels of him, whose fame is 'co-extensive with the history of America, will 'coincide in the opinion, that
the Constitution should be studied in
'schools.
all
AgTee.
the
Learned.
Seminaries.
"
It is
of infinite
moment
that
you
215
immense value
AtVquately.
Combined.
Felicity.
a 'cordial, habitual,
that
Heartfelt.
ment
220
to it;
Habituating.
Shield.
and speak of
'political safety
its
for
National.
Solicitude.
Hint.
anxiety; dis-
countenancing whatever
a 'suspicion that
it
mny
suggest even
Doubt.
On.
to alienate
rest,
Appearance.
Part.
any
'portion of our
or
which now
link
Weaken.
Different.
38. What should be the care of every American? ( 16.) should be properly estimated? 40. Should all understand the Constitution? 41. Is it written so that all can understand it? 42. Should each pupil in every school in the country understand it? 43. Should every citizen study it? 44. How should all speak of it? 45. Would it be reasonable or safe to require persons to speak in a favorable manner of a document which they had never read?
What
is
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
( 17.) Great w ere the hearts,
225
and
Stoat
\hu\c.
those
l
who
ie
Eternal,
Our
And deep
2Tv3
When,
In
si
icioua task
was done,
Awful.
Unstained.
solemn
trust, the
WmM
given
to
Worthy.
Soared.
Rin^s.
Of
240
sixty years
have
and
set;
Formed.
Americans.
Stretching.
Wide Wi
as
otir
own
free race
increase
le shall
extend the
'elastic chain,
And
245
Evcrduring.
a 'mighty train.
47.
50.
Bryant.
Potent.
( 17.)
46.
?
framed
all
49.
53. What shall extend wide? 54. Should >'hat are brighter yet? endeavor to imitate the virtues of Washington, who endeavored never to tell a falsehood, violate an obligation, or be guilty of any other
tl
dishc
55. If
we
and accomplish more good than 'A* ho do you suppose the happiest in this good !
\>
we
we
life,
should otherwise?
the
wicked
or the
LESSON
THE
XL.
Dtmn
(1.)
The
in
impressions
and
'prejudices
Pm Me*
Early exist-
imbibed
infancy
or of a nation
Contjaoad.
Expressions.
of
circumst
(%
1.)
perhaps,
rly life
?
226
in
DUTIES AND
no instance more
'indelibly
and injuriously
'social, poli-
Permanently
Domestic.
Public.
fixed,
tical,
Thus, the
Appertaining
Means.
Governing.
Privilege.
by the
'ruling
power
cise the
elective
'franchise,
Separate.
men
in
Antiquated.
Genius.
Assertion.
all
men
are 'created
and equal
\"
hence
Made. RtkfH
i
society, as 'regards
vernment,
is
resolved into
votes,
'original ele-
Primary.
Law-r:
20 ments
and
man
and
elects 'legislators
'privilege;
and
government
government.
litically free
for
for
Endures.
nally.
As then
men
are 'po-
Thing.
25 necessary
their
Form.
Defence.
Feeble.
Illiterate.
'weak
against the
strong, the
'ignorant against
the
and
in this
Ac.
liberty to
partici-
Agreement.
Declare.
The
united will
member
'constitutes
the
govern-
Makes.
People.
ment of
( 8.)
a republican
'community.
'republican
less
government
l
then,
is
Free.
An grremmt.
2. Do people derive the right to vote from their rulers? 3. For whtkX does government exist ( 2.) 4. What are some of the advantages of society? ( 3.) 5. What is a republican government? 6. What is
?
RESPONSIBILITIES OF VOTERS.
by the people for 'mutual protection, deand security of their inalienable rights.
227
Reciprocal.
I'nfraiisfer-
fence,
Hence
his
is
plain;
Oivious.
own
and the
interest of those
40 dear
to his
and
his
suc-
Followers.
Collected.
Citizens.
-led.
to meet the
assembled
general
to
his
wish respectthe
ing
measures
proposed
will
for
weal,
which
his
be
found
ultimately
( 4.)
Prosperity.
45 subserve
own
self-interest.
But
in-
Promote.
Diffident.
shall a
modest, humble
meet the
assembled
community,
Gathered.
Forming.
At
the
His diffidence
is
lieved
by the consciousness of
;
and
Knowledge
Vote.
and
may
counterpoise
'coffers, the
in
that of
the millionaire
Counterbalance.
over his
Treasures.
55 the general
( 5.)
command.
in
High
officers.
Except
Societies.
Discussion.
At the same
time.
ComUned.
Jncxlent.
60
to a representative republican
it,
Pu.ity.
in
which
the voter
delegates to his
Grants.
Conreying.
Views.
opinions to the
legislature,
and presenting
(
dii
I.) 7.
How
do voters express
their
8. Is
th<-re
any
to
te
of the
man
'he most
man
in the
country?
(^ 5
a repre
at?
($6.) 10,
228
65 them
his
DUTIES AND
for him.
( 6.)
But
let
Balloter.
Memory.
Direct.
Indirect.
to
be immediately
his
United.
70 decided
in the
'
legislature
by
agent
and
Law making
department.
to conOccasion.
for a favorite
Favor.
Culled forth. Witty.
Individual.
who
has
admiration by a
for the gratificiti;
unworthy motives
he
Renounce.
Honesty.
'sin-
effects of
Election.
80 the
be
'choice of officers.
( 7.)
He
will neither
the 'tool
Instrument.
Pique.
'enmity or prejudice to
will
sway
his vote.
lie
patriotism of
Share.
Immolation.
85 or party preferences,
for the
most 'meritoreflec-
Worthy.
Directed.
by good
tion,
common
select
sense,
and patriot
Meditation.
will
faithful,
efficient,
and
Competent.
Deputy.
trusty 'agent, to
his will
interest, the
Themes.
Religion.
Earth.
( 8.)
much
'importance
it
is
Value.
attached to the
'elective
franchise,
appears
Voting
prerogative.
triotic
11. To what will every pashould every voter bear in mind ? voter look? ( 7.) 12. What should not sway the opinion of the voter? 13. What will govern every intelligent voter? ( 8.) 14.
What
RESPONSIBILITIES OF VOTERS.
95 that the duty of a voter
vilege to the freeman
:
229
Business.
("oiiscc.utiiOf
is
one of great
its
prito
but
importance
candor,
Sni'vr.ty
and
'intelligence
of
its
several
members;
Enlighten-
ment.
Suitableness.
ertions to
BtMTolaat,
1>
topics
of education, a
ranches.
religion
is
Iufuse.
the pillars on
Christianity.
which
Mi
tutions.
rest
the
freedom, the
permanency.
instiself-
Puration.
Liberal.
Every
voter
bound by
Balloter.
interest,
independent of the
the
scriptures, to
Undeviating.
Maintain.
Aid.
mands of
measures as
will
Adversities.
Weal.
Duration.
Tp.-rrss.
above
all,
to the
perpetuity of
its
institutions.
and
altera<
If
course.
113
Deliberation.
and even
its
very existence
is
'committed
injunction
to
is
Entrusted.
tiinmand.
them
hence the
all,
imperative
placed upon
to
'umprehend.
Benefits.
which has conferred so many blessings upon and, inasmuch at there are in our
con
-at
Seeing that.
Foll-fi
a million of
j
deemed imporand
emiioa
' I
tant her
benefit
ibe
!<
">.
which
ll!
insti-
($V.)
I
17. \Vh;it
';m
L9.
pertoni unable
to
Who
direct the
230
DUTIES AND
duty of
all
Meaus.
Dissemination
Guide.
Fate.
of those
who
If a citizen neglects to
'vote,
he
Ballot.
'relinquishes
privi-
Gives up.
The
ought
if
OMigation.
Glory.
is,
its
representative
plan,
all
and
to
carry out
its
Character.
to be represented.
135
Should.
Design.
Inhabitants.
the
Every good
polls,
stays
away
Km fft
Bafl*
event.
from the
to 'frustrate
and
in 'case of The
bad
officers
being elected,
to tacitly
support
( 11.)
Silently
their election
and
its
is
consequences.
Result*
(
In voting, a 'man
"itizen.
and
his country,
and
under obligation to
lity.
discrimination
and
sound
Judgment.
Designation.
Instances.
conduct himself on
ness,
all
There should
Ingenuous-
Exist.
The
display of ungovern-
conduct,
is
Below.
destiny of the political affairs of the nation? ( 10.) '20. What does the man relinquish who neglects to vote? 21. Why should all vote in a republican government? ( 11.) 22. Under what obligation is every man who votes? 23. What should never exist? 24. Do the best of men ever make mistakes? 25. Do instances occur in which men think profound statesmen wrong in which, if they possessed
RESPONSIBILITIES OF VOTERS.
and
totally
231
Undeserving.
Commonwealth.
unworthy of a
citizen of the
Amein the
rican 'republic.
The
best oi
.earned.
men
were
(
i6o
in
the
wrong, when,
right.
if
they
enjoyed
that they
Possessr
would know
Understand.
True way.
12.)
In
making
political 'statements,
it
Assertions.
is
incumbent on those
to
Obligatory.
Discretion.
use
much
reference
to their
validity:
is
by
fair
and honorable
Soundness.
-ion thai
the cause of
human
folly
liberty
Argument
Promoted.
Defraud.
idvanced
any party
to
cheat, "dupe,
all
honorable
men
Impose upon.
Aim.
Rebellion.
Liars.
endeavor
justice.
in civil
to support the
cause of truth
and
As
'treason
is
known
ivers be
ranked
f
among
and
the
most heinous
Classed.
truth,
all
be 'dismissed from
Discarded by
Ma^mnimou*.
Demonstrate*.
the society
cf
men.
( 13.)
mre the
:
human race
upon
Habituated.
and
reflect
"Munitions.
aod'holythe;
for
A.
taxation, and
ire
made
prone
the
to
cringing slaves of
Tyranny.
Fetter*.
when
shackles arc
ht1
9.
that
man
is
232
DUTIES AND
Induced.
removed, and are sometimes led to believe that " kings rule by divine right," and that
Munarchs.
Qualified for.
man
185
is
withif
Pondering.
men,
in the 'aggregate,
affairs, the
Whole.
Inferior.
own
'baser class of
men may
not
seize the
Exclusive
privilege.
Direct.
Majority. Minority.
A weak.
Yield.
do
right.
( 14.)
The
fact
is,
that
///
Heretofore.
to
Withheld
from.
I'lisHfUh.
the
mass of
dis-
interested
those
that.
Mankind.
Diffused.
who
'disseminated
most the
fundamental
principles
of
human
'equality
that the
Kdurati-d.
'virtue
and wisdom
Morality.
'excellence of character
Worth.
Esteemed.
Sanctity.
and the
ficed
205
by the
who were
're-
Ignorant.
Deceived.
Celebrated.
Siiges.
nowned
Speakers.
him "who
Lovers of mankind.
incapable of self-government? ( 14.) 30. What has heretofore been the state of education? 31. What has been the fate of those who have heretofore contributed most to human happiness? ( 15.) 32. What are the names of the most distinguished philosophers of anti-
"
RESPONSIBILITIES OF VOTERS.
2io
233
Endured.
Tormenting.
1
spake as never
man
'suf-
through
whose
need.
by their existence;
those
Providence
benefit of
will
ever
God.
Certain.
who
live
for the
mankind;
Wcitoa
Unrevcaled.
Descendants.
Truly.
and
their
ignorance
may
in
justly be said to
mourning.
( 1G.)
Habited
Want
of
know-
ledge.
who
The
Color.
have
Enduring.
their reach,
and
fail to
take the
'prize.
Reward.
Unerring.
Proves.
infallible
index of
human
can remain
ledge, true
ire
free
who
are illiterate:
is
know-
Uneducated.
Requisite.
knowledge,
indispensable to
'permanently
in families
Lastingly.
cessary riches of
a republic,
to
it
this
world.
Without
in
Wealth.
Entirely.
is
wealth
to
continue
:
in,
Administer.
Corrupt.
a family
invites
it
becomes
and
its
Unavoidable.
Holders.
ime the mo-t distinguished orators and philanthropists? bat J id th< ( 16.) 35. Why is it a crime What is shown* bj ry of the world, on
'
.
tl
7
37.
Why
*
is
kn<
try to
38.
39.
knowledge.
n without
live
ty
?
for
the benefit of
mankind
best
20*
234
DUTIES AND
LESSON
( ].)
XLI.
Individual ga iiiPleasure.
world's
moral
intelli-
gence 'indispensable;
'satisfied whilst,
Necessary.
Contented.
5 hundreds of thousands
to
who
find
it
difficult
Are puzzled.
wrong;
.'tit.
it is
and write
bity,
Educated.
may become
more
lal.
Young.
Stamped.
f'<
theory and
and so be
fortified
rformance.
.'rs.
influences of after-life.
( 2.)
Let the
'in-
tldl.
may comand
sotloi*.
InililT. :
mand
the ablest
rewards of the
to the vital sub-
common
harvest.
'Apathy
may
of
Guidance.
Opulent.
however
'exalted,
evils
Let
Corrupting.
in
conscious secu-
( 1.) 1. What renders moral intelligence indispensable 1 2. Can the morals of children, or the property of individuals, remain safe among ignorant and corrupt communities? 3. What may an enlight-
4.
What examples
to
enforce morality?
( 2.)
5.
Who
having good instructors? 6. What is necessary to hav lehool besides good teachers? 7. Are any so wealthy or so exalted, that they may be shielded from surrounding ignorance? S. Who have a
RESPONSIBILITIES OF VOTERS.
25
rity.
235
Ignorance.
Intellectual.
Fulfil.
have a part
perform
the
richest
mightiest
men
Most influential.
Women
of the land; no
should be
Voter.
Insensible
of.
imgfor the mental distresses, and perishing wants of the multi( 3.)
Endurances.
Deathly.
Individual.
May
no
le-
Monopolize.
Productions.
U pf
America,
till,
revelling
in
the
fruits
of
're-
ethers' labors,
Fame.
Ferocious.
nown
rian
>f
hand of barbatekel,
ignorance writes M
<>n
menc, mene,
Want
nf
know-
ledge.
upharsin,"
republic,
and
Nation.
40 the
tide
of
by mental
re-
Depraved.
Recklessness
Coasts.
Smaller number
America.
nber that here the people rule, that the minority must
IT)
always submit
political
to the
majority,
Yield.
whether
their
measures savor of
National.
Discretion.
6 or virtue, of folly or
wisdom;
the vigi-
lance of
all
may
not cause
Devotion.
them
ts
to
forgel
mental
All minorities in a
Cornmon\*rltn.
titled to
Security.
Infraction.
rity.
pariI
of knowledge 1
9.
Who
DOH
refer
ailed
236
DUTIES AND
Diminutive.
55 'despotic oppression
worst of
all
in
a republic
and the
Tyrannical.
Wielded.
Masses.
Supports.
Flagrant.
Any man
any
his
that
votes for
an
office,
Crime.
D'f;imr.
he does
all in his
power
to
disgrace
and
liberty
trayed,
Apparently
it
Seemingly.
Destroyed.
Fcitrucd.
will rise
some
from
its
Dust.
(>)
The
great majority
Inhabitants.
'fatal
is
to
Ruinous.
1
the
nri'iTt.
sole
Basis.
upon
it
alone
is
Rests.
Fame.
Gaul.
Cinders.
nurseries of republics,
liberty are
still
where
the
embers of
to look to
glowing, are
now
Burning.
New
Dome.
D tn.ent.
80 World.
( 4.)
14.
The
Con-
12.
public?
13.
Under what circumstances may despotism exist in a reWhat does a man do who votes for a wicked officer?
there been times
Have
liberty in the
world?
15.
when there appeared to be no rational What lias taken place on such occasions?
( 5.) 16. Will the majority of the American people knowingly pursue a wrong course ? 17. What is then the only security for the perpetuity of our institutions? 18. What countries are now to become disciples
RESPONSIBILITIES OF VOTERS.
that formerly contained
all
237
that
was
consi-
in the
produc- MagmteMt
to he-
man and
of
nature, are
now
if
come
the pupils of
America; and
fidelity
we
per-
Pisrijles.
o{ our an-
[A
cnty.
our
.
country will
attain
all
enduring
time, the
lYrmauent.
Pining.
and
rational
receive, 'through
Alma Mater
of
Cberiahiag
im>liirr.
FritiVm.
it
90
( 0.)
In
all
conclusion,
voters, that
to
may
be well to
("losing.
remind
we enjoy more liberty more sudden and intense than any other people on the
citizen
is
C.t
MB
Liable.
Controrer-
globe.
Every
almost
Imlividaal.
05 maker,
every one
to his
politician,
Nearly.
United.
Sects.
warmly attached
site
contro\
that the
ioo
'imminent danger
Threatening.
may
Power.
Whereas.
>wry of truth should alone be the ob/ion. (7.) Party contest, even
Search.
Ignorant.
endanger
the
by a
straggle for
rontesl.
Nation.
I*roTe.
:he virtue
.
and the
19.
discretion, moderation,
JndjBrment.
-i
Whel majr be
jnrt
1
* 6 (> n
eoYiable
)
title
21.
What
of
rouir
<-t
all
( 7.)
.
whom
238
integrity of
110
DUTIES AND
American
politicians.
Upon
the
ipnghtnea
important
Prosperous,
we
shall
recommend our
institutions
commend,
1
Knlitrhtened.
no
( 8.) It is
knowinsti-
Worldly.
much
to the stabi-
Conduce.
Splendor.
Qualify.
perpetuity,
tutions,
to dis-
charge their
120
a familiar acquaint-
Obligation*
Familiarity.
The converse
not
'rising generation,
Coming.
Doctrine*.
Indefatigable
I'nequalled.
labor in
125
its
wisdom and
framers
the
of
Quirk
(baftl
nt.
intercourse
with that
spirit
('mmunica-
Consec rated.
authors,
must
promote
harmony and
Enliren.
faithfully
and
effi-
A warm.
Discharge.
Constitution-
may
yet enjoy
its
some
Most obaeure
Reward*.
Write.
of
135
its
framers,
by patriotism and merit engrave their names on the pillars of 'immortality. Let then every
one, 'severing the chains of prejudice, select
the best
Etenuty.
<'u:tm?.
the
men for office, that the duration of republic may be 'co-extensive with time.
Continuance.
0f
ldu "
devolves the momentous question of republican government? (&) 27. What is believed to best prepare voters to discbarge their duties
?
REsrONSlBILLTIKS OF JURORS.
239
LE
S S
X XL
of
trial
Bomb.
Regarded.
Invaluable.
was one
in
oi'
Infringement
Denizen.
Reserving.
Standing.
National.
Inheritance.
No
'citizen 1
the
army, and
civil
officers
under the
era]
this
natural
Jury
in
trials in civil
10
suits,
when
the
amount
controversy ex-
Dispute.
ity
Secured.
Notwithstanding
every citizen
the trial
prized, and
country.
( 2.)
'Though
by jury
is
lias in all
Periods.
Bulwark.
Relatively.
has hereto-
Properly.
Duty.
Preside.
Arbiters.
('hanicters.
who
are to
'sit
reputations, and
trial
What
is
nion of the
5.
1
ti.
\\
j|
by jar] menis of
7.
W
by
I
by jury regarded by our ancestors 1 by jury? 3. What arc your reatbe difference between rfc/iizm and What person! in the United States are not ter being impeached, be tried :!i with Article V. of the Amend'
trial
i
Can
tried
the
memberi
?
of the established
!><
army be
fore
horn
must they
11.
tried
( 2.)
from
tri:il
by jury
What
lias
hereto-
Se Declaration at Independ*i.
itutK.n.
.
pafM
113 and
Hi
wcuan
eeeoa
' ;
240
DUTIES AND
Coun'
r
Welfare.
of our
institutions
is
of justice.
The
Judicatur
*.
object of juries
thwarted,
if
men, from
01>structed.
tabic.
25
deficient or
between direct
It is
Discerning
well
known
Not
applicable.
the habit
Custom.
Ratiocinating
30 of
for
attention, of investigating
after
and reasoning
for
listening
totally
a few
Hearkening.
Confused.
Subject.
Plain.
days
become
bewildered
with regard
Hence,
35
it
is
men
and
may
for
if
often be called
upon
to
discharge duties
Perform.
totally 'unprepared,
Incompetent.
Fitted.
they
may become
rights.
the
instruments of
'de-
iving.
priving
their fellow-citizens
of their 'most
Dearest.
Privileges.
40 valuable
to
( 4.) It is a
prominent 'object of
this
book
and
Relish.
n-ted.
impart a
'zest
examinations of any
'subjects that
may come
and
'disI
Questions.
45 under consideration,
cipline
to strengthen cs
Peculate.
the
mind, and awaken that 'comof self reliance and self peris
Praiseworthy
mendable
'success in
while
at
spirit
Dependece.
.try.
severance, which
any
13.
calling,
Prosperity.
(3)
12.
the
necessary for one properly to discharge any duty which involves testimony, and affects the property or live? of persons 1 ( -4.) 14. What is the difference between object and 15. What is necessary to the highest success design, in the 41st line?
object of juries?
is
What
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JURORS.
50 affords renewed and increased pleasure,
the most
in
241
Bestows.
Ardent.
wearied
believed
KXUgenoa
Accurately.
Fitted.
that no youth
can study
this
hook thoroughly
discharge
Effectually
duties of
lite
that
Aviations.
Permanently
Culture.
Intellect.
of
pline of the
"mental powers
that,
actuated
loftiest
Benevolence
as
well
as
the
consciousness
Love of country.
own
Direct.
diate
personal
happiness
are
inseparably
Enjoyment.
Domestic.
Watchful.
Protectors. Incentives.
guardians of justice.
receives
si
new
possible
Way.
Basis.
imperishable foundation
on which to
Erect.
Power.
'.)
As
work
is
to 'be-
Serve.
neration, the
following
:
subjects will be
Succeeding-.
Concisely.
Description.
75
briefly considered
the
Boundaries.
RiKht.
'correct
in
way
7
of doing business
r
-
their respon-
will
>.)
16.
Whnt
effect
ifl
it
'
this
book
Wbal
18.
to
i-
the result of
Imptiif
ring
mindl
(*)
wnrk
ii
242
sibilities,
DUTIES AND
and
'influence on the social
and
( 7.)
Power
over.
80
political 'institutions of
our country.
Regulations.
Particular.
Specified.
jury
is
a 'certain number of
citizens, se-
and
in the
manner
'prescribed by the laws of the various states, whose 'business it is to decide some question
Directed.
Duty.
Dispute.
85 of 'controversy, or legal case. Juries are of two kinds; the grand jury and the 'petit
jury.
Traverse.
may
Mode.
Taken.
Precinct.
the duty of
district, to re-
90 turn
'their
The
panel.
court, previous
the
'appointed
day
for
Designated.
Arbiters.
opening.
Grand
jurors must
district
be
selected
Bailiwick.
Twenty-four men
Legal authority.
95 are 'summoned
duty.
( 8.)
more
upon
Notified.
entered
'a
Sworn.
An
occurrence.
This prevents
contingency
Arise.
twelve 'men
ioo
in
Jurors.
who
Not
Contrary.
might wish
less
Make
Art.
invalid
than twelve
men can
;
'serve
on any grand
Usually.
Betwixt.
20.
What
a jury?
21.
How
22. 23.
Do
all
the
states
in reference to juries?
How many
24. What is a sheriff'? 25. What is the kinds of juries are there ? duty of the sheriff? 26. What is a panel ? 27. What is the difference between panel and pannel? 28. What is the largest number of grand jurors ever sworn? ( 8.) 29. Why is not a larger number sworn? 30. What is the smallest number of men that can ever serve on a grand jury? 31. What number is usually selected ? 32. What is an odd number? 33. How is the foreman usually selected? ( 9.) 34.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JURORS.
lis
243
of
Taken.
Set apart.
selected.
to the side
own
Allowed.
Spokesman.
Chief
Satedrihe
to.
The foreman
is
'administered by
M
You, A.
B.,
Avrrmeut.
Given.
Seriously.
that
you
will
and true
articles,
Attentively.
no presentments
make, of
such
Indictments.
Subjects. Keeping-.
'matters
in
and
charge, or otherwise
come
to
ledge,
touching
the
present
'service
the
Session.
Associates'.
'fellows',
and
you
shall
Not
reveal.
Antipathy.
L'niudicted.
hope of reward or
all
Love.
things truly, as
to
Emolument.
Information.
they
come
1
to
you
Utmost.
God.'
( 10.)
Leader
Leptd.
m according
to the following
precedent
Affirmed.
ix "
Every DM.
Invocation.
same oath
For himself.
Each.
shall well
is
35.
III
What
1 29th
May
required tO rlo before pIOthe difference between After the grand jury are the poweri (' the grand jury
i-
244
DUTIES AND
part."
The grand
Keep.
Qualified.
should be informed by
Chief.
times
may
be 'permitted to
Character.
Power.
Allowed.
ho the 'limits of their county; he should also 'briefly allude to all the offences, and other
matters,
Bounds.
Succinctly.
which
It is
it is
Examine.
Go.
Exclusively.
(11.)
tire to
145
and
sit
The
Arraignment
President
foreman acts as 'chairman, and the jury should appoint one of their number to perform the duties of 'secretary; but no records should
be kept of their
150
Scribe.
Doings.
Requisite.
own
use.
'official
is
'organ-
Regulated.
ized, the
the State.
them with
155
Accusation.
On
Enumerate.
Eudorsed.
these
bills
names of
the wit-
nesses by
Testimony.
The
160
Enter upon.
Waiting.
Attentively.
and should be 'carefully examined, with the utmost 'scrutiny, and in such manner as in
Carefulness.
ever extend beyond their own county? 38. When? ( 11.) 39. should the grand jury do after receiving the directions of the judge? 40. Should they have any officer besides the foreman ? 41. Why? 42. Why should they not keep permanent records of their proceedings? ( 12.) 43. Who usually draws up the bills of indictment for the jury? 44. What should the indictment contain? 45.
What
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JURORS.
judgment of the jury will best elicit the whole truth in reference to the pending inthe
245
opinion.
K elation.
Purpose.
dictment
itt
grand jury
is,
Conecfion.
prated the innocent; to prevent the commission of 'crime, and lead all to reverence and obey the laws of the 'land; to
and
Guard.
Wickedness.
Country.
Criminal.
show
1:0
that the
way
of the 'transgressor
is
is
the
Road.
Well-doing.
path of 'duty.
Why should witnesses be in attendance at court? 46. How should they be examined? 47. What should be the object of every grand juror?
LESSON
( 1.)
XLIII.
Invariably.
The grand
amine witnesses under oath, and 'proceed with the utmost vigilance and caution.
Act.
Watchfulness.
When
it
Decided.
to
be placed upon
'find
trial,
Should
Bring
in.
their
duty at once to
a true
is
bill,
and
any
merely
against
Longer.
Treasure.
When
it
bill
Kcfum.
Impeached.
called
an
indictment.
( 2.)
When
if
Named.
Are aware.
In.
even
of
ar
In what manner should grand jurors examine evidence ? 2. when twelve bare decided lo pnl the accused on when twelve 01 more jurors know 4. What wlu-n OHO juror Knows of any crime ? 6
>
21*
246
one or more
15 of any
they
libel,
DUTIES AND
'jurors, less
than twelve,
know
Tnera.
Pest.
may
Put.
Testifiers.
in the after
same way
Iuvt^'-i-j-a;.
may
a
AccusuUoijs.
>nt::i:a:.rs.
20
find
bill,
<
offenders to be brought to
bill
is
When
is
Adjudication
found in
this
'manner,
It
usually
Way.
Written.
Pn>iKT.
called a presentment
should be
the
drawn
alleged
up
25
in
'legal
form, describing
'accompaniments
Particulars.
nuisance, or crime.
in
The word
Annoyance.
Includes.
presentment,
hends
all
bills,
and
is
'consequently used in
30
its
No
True Bill
When
a true
bill is
found,
it
Incumbent
on.
35 'back of the indictment, "a true bill," with the 'date, and sign his name as foreman.
Outside.
Time.
The
bill
Handed.
Before.
Verified.
publicly,
and
When
an indictment
r
not
proved
it
to the
is
the duty
Arbiters.
Moderator.
Ignoramus.
is the difference between a presentment and an indictment? should a presentment be made? (3.) 7. What number of jurors must concur, to bring in a true bill? 8. After the jury have concluded to find a true bill, what is the duty of the foreman ? 9.
5.
What
6.
How
RESPONSIBILITIES OP JURORS.
"not a
there
4")
is
247
Vira.
'true
bill, "
or * not round."
When
Empower.
Bring
in.
the jury to
a doubt
it
as
\:mit(l.
Iciiori.il.
said to be "
made
null
and
all
void/'
The
In plane.
foreman,
may
be signed by
the jurors, in
fach
of.
50 which ease the foreman's name should be at the head of the list of names. (4.) In referenee to indictments, the jury must depend
entirely
Instance.
Panel.
Accusations.
Solely.
own judgments.
.-).">
When
all
a disinterested witin
Opinions.
ne>>. of
Reputation.
Ascertain.
Requisite.
Halls.
Belief-
a position to
know
which
evidence
lity to
is
'required,
and has
sufficient abi-
testify in
60
in
such evidence,
'provided
there
is
no
If.
false
or exaggerated
Cause.
Scrutiny.
Discretion.
but
it
inasmuch
to
Deceptions.
Criminated.
Obligatory.
use his
these
own
is
matters, as well as
Judgment.
Subjects.
one
who
is
Mored.
Impulses.
I'.ilse.
own
con-
would be
1
amd shoal
.
for or, in
11.
lines
is
bill
On what mu<t
the jury
depend
n
in
($ 5
may
What
ifl
ID
248
him*
DUTIES AND
Every public
'offence within the
'
county
Crime.
may
be considered a
legitimate subject of
;
Lawful.
Accusation.
Arraigned.
Merely.
Ascertain.
75 never
is
ought to be
debarred
his 'favor.
it
put on
trial.
Hence they
are
in
Prevented.
Behal
Closing.
80
may
be
Observe.
Silence.
bound
to 'secrecy
for if they
were
not, the
bills
had
Careless.
Sanctioned.
Criminals.
85 enable the
'guilty to
escape, and
It
thereby
also
would
Defeat
Incentive.
respecting the
their
is
Offences.
Therefore.
Retribution.
90 escape.
The
The
certainty of punishment
the
Hindrance.
'duration of secrecy
If a
is
not in
Continuance
Lasting.
cases 'permanent.
in
witness should
'swear
to the Take
oath.
95 evidence given
to the witness
T
by him
'be at
'before the
grand
In presence
uf.
Obligation.
w ould
be
an end.
Any
of
Terminate.
'put
on oath, to show
*
Sworn.
Entitled
Perjury.
to.
and was
was
15. Can the grand jury ever try the accused party? ( 6.) Assign a few reasons why grand jurors should be bound to secrecy ? 17. What is the surest preventive of crime? (7.) 18. Is the injunction of secrecy on the part of grand jurors always permanent? 19.
in
him?
16.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF Jl'RORS.
249
From
jury
these reasons
it
may
and
efficient
guardians
erf
public
virtue.
JURY OF TRIALS.
*)
To
committed
all
Small.
Issues.
io5
and criminal. Petit jurors must be selected from the citizens residing
trials,
both
Picked out.
The
Bounds.
form of the
'different
petit jurors'
Tniwrsc.
SeveraL
Plirase.
states of the
in
no "form
is
You
to try the
Sincerely.
Question.
law and
Judgment.
Testimony.
the 'evidence."
ii5
As
the
may
Arraignment
Considered.
hence
be of an equally
Attainments.
Impressed.
strict
Wish.
ion
Every one.
Favor.
hope of reward.
( 9.)
petit
Comprises.
Complete.
any party.
What
When
petit jury
the
litigant parties, in
BNHMM
law.
at
In
is
committed
s-
t<>
tin-
be
Do the
local
always regarded? ( S.) 20. What what way must the petit jury ooetoma of this country vary in the
21. In
i-
seler-
What What wa
l>
25.
be the
must a
petit jury al
il
alw;i
uy
to
250
their
'allegation,
DUTIES AND
come
is
to
a fact which
is
statement.
Alleged.
Trial.
'affirmed
on the one
side,
at 'issue,
Only.
Fairness.
Public.
To
insure
'uprightness,
'in
the
by jury
should always be
open court
The
side,
wit-
Affirmed.
on each
and
Lawyers.
Bystanders.
the 'spectators.
( 10.)
The
Testimony."
Devolves,
by the party on
proof.
whom
'rests
the burden of
Deponents.
liuup.
CnillWtl.
Whenever a
'considered
'asked
which
is
liti-
Impounded.
Deemed.
Court.
of the admission.
any
the
Commonly.
Proof.
AtMr->s.
evidence
145
is
who open
cause on each
in
make a
short 'speech,
which they
Name.
Litigation.
'suit,
x
may
better understand
So.
Plaintiff.
the evidence.
150
( 11.)
Questioned.
mined
all
Adverse.
Maintain.
The
parties
sometimes try
to re-
Controversy.
enable a petit jury to render a verdict? 29. Who are the sole judges of the matter in controversy 1 30. Why should all trials be in public ? 32. ( 10.) 31. What is done when an objectionable question is asked What is usually done before any evidence is offered ? ( 1 1.) 33. What is done after the evidence for the prosecution is examined ? 34. What should determine in cases of conflicting testimony ? 35. What is done
?
=J|
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JURORS.
but the testimony 'produced by each other;
1^5
251
Offered.
C outnOeting.
Prescription.
L'leept.
and whenever
'but the jury
it.
'conflicting testimony
is
pro-
have a
all
right to decide
which
rs
After
the
OonMfc
Hand.
own
case,
favor,
shows
insists
all
Exhibits.
and
upon a judgment
Verdict.
of his
client.
Pa trim.
( V2.)
io3
The opposite
in like
Attorney.
Also.
manner claims
to
all
the
In his favor.
Replication.
ments (f the counsel of the defendant mav 'follow, and then 'the answer of the counsel of
lro
Succeed.
rejoinder.
ike
defendant to the
to
plaintiff's
'replication.
Reply.
According
plaintiff
Usage.
Surrejoinder.
Pleas.
After the
finished,
arguments on both
the
sides
are
presiding judge
proceeds to
sides,
it
CloseO.
m up
on both
Collect
and explains
ild
much
of
as
Expounds.
Thanks.
Succinct.
he deems correct.
The
Expounder
ot law.
Endeavor.
evidence
1
lias
been produced
37.
but, in
the
f7ih
line?
How many
adv*
30. When an is it always a preposition? a conjunction 1 41. Whnt i- the difference between dunt, in the 103d J the Roman and the Bogtfctl - \ Rounder? 43. Whose linel {% K'.| 43. What is a Reph 14. After the counsel has the privilege of addressing the jury la-t 7
may
but
be?
38.
When
'A'lipn
252
committed
DUTIES AND
to the jury.
It is
generally 'coninter-
Acknowledged.
Justices.
And
Arbiters.
Keep
sacred.
Troth.
arguments on both sides have been closed, what is then done? 45. What should the judge not do ? 4G. If he should decide the facts of the 47. What case, would the jury be bound to coincide with his views? evils might result, if a judge decided upon the merits of the evidence ? 49. What to the jury? 48. What is generally conceded to the judge? 00. What are the advantages of this plan ?
LESSON XLIV.
( 1.)
After
summed up
the the
Le*al expounder.
9
evidence on both
and elucidated
Given his
Withdraw.
Entirely.
Closely.
'meaning of the
as well as
Controversy.
Signification.
in the 'explanation
all
but in this
Elucidation,
other matters
to 'use
his
at issue,
each
On
trial.
10 juror
is
bound
own good
sense,
Exert.
Caution.
Error.
Ablest.
some
'fallacy of
judgment, from
which
all
Free.
15 the 'court.
Bench.
( 1.) 1. What is meant by the judge's charge to the jury? 2. What should engross the attention of the jury after they receive the charge of the judge ? 3. What are some of the important duties of the judges ? 4. What are some of the essential duties of each juror ? 5. Are all men liable to err in opinion ? 6. Why should court, which implies several judges, be used in the 15th line, when judge was used in the 1st line*
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JURORS.
'honestly believe that the judge
253
Sincerely.
had mistaken
is
it
his
duty to
Precedents.
in the
no jufOT
is
same
so as
Cm.
Court.
*20 to
show
that the
bench was
at
Immediatrly.
Fulfils.
same.
or
his
duty as a juror,
'society
fulfils
his obligations to
and
his
The community.
country,
who
2 5 of any man, or
( 3.)
Number.
Ain"ee.
on a jury
to
Sensible.
draw just 'conclusions from statements which have before been made; of 'discrimi30 nating between specious eloquence and plain
evidence; for
if
Inferences.
Judging
Showy.
Moved.
Declamation.
Gifted.
a jury
may
be swayed by
the
most
Unwarranted
Illiterate.
ence
may
(
-J.)
Marshalled.
Ierred?
8. Is
9.
it
7.
What
i=
the duty of any juror when he thinks the judge has the duty of a juror to follow blindly the opinions of
JTOO Substitute
others?
Wh4n
why
rant
is it
necessary
in
the
I
23d
line.
to
prefix
11.
serve as a juror?
( 4
)
and
ii
12.
How
i
'
Reports will
en in
:i
Ur infan
in
trial
London,
1670,
|....ii.
iruprtv.iri..
i>!
charged with
'
.t.
\\
il
it
iry
were fined end imprisoned bot by and acqnitted. for the nrfkneing res;
law.1
tins
on
hi,, r.
I
..
wrong;
dut> ho to d<i then every ruan sees thai .real charge, and of no use in determining riglit and and therefore the trials by them may be belter abolished than continued."
...._-...
.t..
:..
j
..:.:>'
iry (n<lii of
254
DUTIES AND
Right.
Judges.
Deliberation.
Strictly.
'consideration, yet
'implicitly
if
a jury
40 low
oath,
Demands.
Requires.
which
'enjoins
them
to act
according
to
own knowledge.
to
They are
1'tmosL
View.
DiM-harge.
to the 'dictates of
an approving
Monition.
remembrance of
is
Sense of right
Continual pr*-
'Sometimes a case
ind then.
50 the jury
may
Bring
in.
but
'controversy
is
involved
Jury-box.
Suit.
they should
'retire
to the juror's
Withdraw.
..]
.ike
mutually.
Illegal.
55 points
to
at issue:
it
is
Intercourse.
'fellow-jurors
'court.
officers of the
Do
laborer*,
tri-
By
the
*common
Judicial bunal.
kept without
Sustenance.
13. How should jurors endeavor to disthe opinions of the court ? charge their duties? ( 5.) 14. What may be done by the jury when 15. When there is much obscurity in the evidence the case is plain? what should be done? 10. What is unlawful for jurors to do? 17. What is the common law? 18. Wherein does the common law differ from the statute law? 19. What was a regulation of the common
law?
20.
Where
is
the
common law
in
all
its
essential points in
* As the term, "common, or unwritten law," is in general use. it may be proper here to observe, that, the term is OSftd in contradistinction to written or statute law, wlicti is a ra e of action prescribed or enacted by the legislative power, an. promulgated and recorded in wrnnc But the common law is a rule of action which derives its authority from Ion? us -ge oi lished custom, which has been immemorially received and recognized by judicial tribon this law can be traced to no positive statutes, its rules or principles are to be found only in the records of courts, and in the reports of judicial proceeding's. The common law is in ra England, and its essential features are recognized by the supreme courts of everv state in the Union, as well as by the supreme court of the Umed States.
1 i
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JURORS.
GO
until
255
the
Dmmob.
To
the contrary.
they rendered
a 'verdict, unless
((>.)
But juries
such exact
in
to
rules,
which
Otl en.
they do not
come
l
to
Verdict.
Discharged.
Anew.
Troublesome
Entangle-
they find
it
difficult
to
determine
all
the
ment
Oniutalligi-
may
done,
bionoM.
Peculiar.
70 render a
either
special verdict,
'stating all the
which
is
by
evidence
in
general
Recounting.
Justices.
by finding the
to
'facts
of
Truth.
Prosecutor.
plaintiff'
or defendant, but
Court.
Lefral principles.
to 'law.
Criminal
prosecutions 'require
;
of
Demand.
Steady.
Correct.
unwavering firmness
to
they
are
as
leniency
Lean.
Misdoers.
Condemnation.
pro-
Inclination.
iy
always
to
Criminals.
Infirmity,
Qtly
is
this
weakness of our
to
have mo&l
guard against
punish-
DisjxjMtion.
The
certainty of immediate
lay ofjarora in
Suffering.
modern times?
!
22.
the jury are dismissed by the court, ial verdict 26. In what two
'.
20.
What
is
tli^
(hity
256
ment
is
DUTIES AND
the surest preventive of 'crime; and
Wickedness
Looseness.
Influence.
The
law.
their
own
is
Quickly.
Injuries.
This state of
society
the
more
to be 'dreaded, as all
law
Feared.
95
is
Waal
tice
of jus-
other
It
Frightful.
thereby 'fostered.
( 9.)
re-
Cherished.
Insight into.
Micdemeaaora.
quires but
little
'acquaintance with
human
na-
committed with the greatest 'impunity, there both property and life are the most insecure.
It
is,
Kxamption from
Unsafe.
Usual.
however,
who
are
'interested, or
Concerned.
riiu-iiMy.
and dwell
most 'pathetically upon the claims of humanity. Jurors should however 'remember,
that the 'purest principles of true
Ban
in
mind
humanity
Mostgc nume
Shield.
require
them
is
to
'protect
human
Sum.
Misery.
Sufferers.
confined to one
many
in
'victims;
fol-
'horrid
Cruel.
reference
In cases
Benevolent.
Arraignment*.
( 10.)
28.
come avengers of
this state
their
to
What own
has a tendency
real or
?
to
supposed wrongs?
30.
that
Why
is
in
the
be dreaded
31.
What
a
part of speech
is
it
is that,
When
is
relative
pronoun?
32.
When
is
an adjective pronoun?
33.
When
a conjunction?
(% 9.) 34. What is it natural to expect from those directly or indirectly interested in criminal cases? 35. What is the most com-
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JURORS.
nces against government, the accused
at trial
257
Treason.
jurors, without
also
the privilege of
preventing any
is
man
to
Hindering.
Acting.
supposed
in all
he
incompetent: and
other
Unfit
Suits.
may
object to
Shut
out.
Rendering.
The accused
Right
Excluding.
Object
to.
vilege
of
panel of
chal-
may
"
it
t<>
make
130
judiced,
Or if the accused can Any particular jurors. appear that the community are 'pre- Biassed. the trial must be 'removed to some n
the polls"
lanircd.
other place.
(^ 11.)
Situation.
of jurors
Triers.
Given.
Appellations.
whose 'names
a cause
is
are
135
Papers.
into
a small receptacle:
the
first
when
of
Box.
Individuals.
railed,
twelve
those
'persons
whose names
shall be
drawn from
it
the box,
Tnkcn.
'-
to.
cases
frequently happens
is
Suit*.
drawn without obtaining the requisite number* The 'deficiency is then supplied by summoning
that the entire
number of names
Whole.
Twrlvr
suit-
,'irors.
lable
humanity!
the
( 10.) 36.
88.
What hamane
i
law
pumy.
ia the LOOta
Knal
Whnt
in
Mh
I
line
I
lirfnre
|0tb line
(11.)
nyms
in section 11
22 #
258
'men
to
DUTIES AND
act as jurors
( 12.)
Talesmen-
from the spectators in There are two 'methods of H5 determining whether the juror challenged is competent, and has no 'partiality for either
court.
Ways.
L'xcluded.
Bias.
of the parties.
may
'appoint
Name.
Individuals.
two
to
150
indifferent 'persons,
Examine.
AJlirnicd.
pable by the
all
Judges.
case
this
is
'common
Unwritten.
Court.
may
themselves be the
of the jury
this is the
more expedi*
Approved.
Nation.
tious
way, and
is
'sanctioned by several of
visions of
Kind.
Indirted.
The 'impeached
100
be
made
ac-
writing, prelist oj
i'.nwl.
and have a
names of
;
business and
Avocation.
residence
also
of
all
names.
165
are summoned to appear in the case. The law also provides that the accused may 'summon witnesses to prove cither innocence, or the 'mitigation of the alleged offence, and
further that the accused party
who
Notified.
Enacts.
may have
the
Suspected.
Choice.
Strongest.
making
one
again, no
are usually returned to court ? 41, Who is called? \2. What are talmmmt] ( 12.) 43. What methods are there of determining whether a juror that is challenged is capable of serving ( 13.) 44. What are some of the lenient provisions of the law in favor of criminals ? must be done before any one can be put on trial for any heinous
40.
serve as jurors on
that
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JURORS.
can be
until
259
Placed.
'put
on
trial for
any heinous
least
offence,
thought guilty by at
twelve disinin
i
considered.
terested
men on
by
the
Finding
true bdl.
sus-
Upheld.
Reputable.
Declared.
tained
( 14.)
respectable
sworn witnesses.
verdict against
If a jury lias
found a
Proceeding.
Injurious.
trial,
prejudicial
Bench.
Hearing.
Set free.
Illeeal.
to grant
new
trial.
But
the party
is
once
acquitted, there
can be no new
trial,
however
Again,
1-3
fraudulent
may have
been the
his acquittal.*
Acquired.
Uncertain.
commands
prisoner
the accused
be acquitted.
if
No
is in
Released.
Found
guilty.
him
guilty,
In fault.
e.,
until at least
'petit
That
Traverse.
jurors
Averred.
Testimony.
Opinion.
judgment.
Moreover,
in
addition
to
the
ju-
Agreement.
Unanimity.
dictment
( 14., 47.
40.
When
airain-t
it,
what
is
ifa
any punishment
.'1.
Wli
rs
.ndmenU
; :
260
DUTIES AND
LESSON XLV.
( 1.)
The
'remarks
in this
book have no
Observations
At
all.
Perpetuating
Deeignod.
Invariably.
put
and so long as
juries 'efficiently
is
and
Well.
Faithfully.
no dan-
Condemning.
As one body.
Ruffians.
Enforced.
Rectitude.
Appli.-
and
'impartiality,
'execution.
Demonstrate
and
humane,
in
Supposed.
Defence.
Convicted.
Pr^,>, J.
of justification
'condemned without a
may
for
Put
in force.
Advantage.
temporary
benefit of individuals
change
in
is
agitating
Alter.it:
community
reference to
KelaMon.
Certainly.
25 our laws
Be altered.
is the purport of the remarks in this book upon the ought laws to be impartially executed? (2.) 3. What is the character of our laws in reference to alleged criminals? 4. From whom do laws emanate? 5. Should the people be afraid of laws of their own making? 6. If the representatives of the people make a bad law. what may be done? 7. What is a strong argument
W hat
r
laws?
2.
Why
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JIRORS.
hence the necessity of universal moral edu(3.) There is reason to apprehend that, from the eloquence of la wyers, the negcation.
tives,
261
General.
Inattention.
I";ivur.
IVj'rcdators.
annually
loose, to prey
Impair.
Awnues.
The
guilty.
35 ing
crime by human
;
Correction.
law
law
that the
Doubtful.
and
Regarded.
Offence*.
Wicked.
PlSjMisul.
40
at their
mercy
innocent,
whose numbers
Unoffending.
Devastation.
Deterioration
Is
Lynch.
Certainly.
country
that
the
hands
will
erf
King*.
Cunningly.
Union the
criminals
'punishment of
Chastisement
Despotism.
Winding.
mammoth powder-maga-
Hug*.
Notifying.
Irresistible.
the
The more
critically
in
?
and exten-
Accurately.
Relation.
reference to
(^ 3.) B.
.
.
unii
in'l
itioa
What m tben
!i*
rea-
son to
di&sc
aj;
What
11.
fol
-racy
and corrup-
fatal
if
jiimv
D6 insidiously
To what
I
lead?
c ;
ha a critical
262
DUTIES AND
more 'transcendent
Indeed,
it
Superior.
Justness.
Nations.
Repard.
guiltless.
should, however, be
it
.lined.
Guard.
Allows.
Steal.
burn their
65 houses,
lives;
Pretended.
thropy,
'sanctions the
(6.)
Sustains.
The law
'administration
the trial
Citizens.
make
either a progressive
its
advancement, or
Constant.
"decline in
power
to protect
and
Orow weaker.
Part.
To
'committed the
Entrusted.
Law.
Condemn.
Hence.
Penetration.
Particulars.
exercise their utmost 'sagacity, and have patience to enter into the minutest 'details
;
they
80 should be slow
to convict
on the 'testimony
Evidence.
Vicious.
known
and
whom
13. What seems impossible? 14. What is every law that without reason acquits or pardons convicts? ( 6.) 15. How does the law in its ail ministration grow ? 10. What are your reasons for this opinion ?
17.
What
is
the difference
between
voters
and
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JTRORS.
85 they believe guilty, with the evidence pre-
263
Criminal.
( 7.)
Sometimes
OccMtonally
may honestly differ from the judges; they may even know what is deposed in court to be absolutely false, when such evidence
iy
Smccrt
ly.
Swam
to.
Cntrue.
be alike
unknown
should
to the 'counsel
and the
divest
Free.
Bias.
court.
They
endeavour
to
between man
Judges.
and
man,
irrespective
of personal fear or
WtthoQl
ganl
Praise.
to.
ro-
The
is
Censure.
Tear* d.
as
much
to
be dreaded, as the
an innocent
Likelihood.
Clothing.
m
ioo
(^ S.)
When we
Humanity
Prudence.
Purity.
Class.
a
to
wisdom and spotintegrity of the American judiciary as body, the ample provision already made
befriend criminals, and the very great
iary advantage
it
Aid.
is
to the
lawyers
who
is
Profit.
Chosen.
Liberty.
we may
it
be feared from
oppression of law,
be, in all
its
Grievance.
'administered as
always must
no 'essential features,
18.
by jurors
Important
f 7.)
19.
May any
do 1
juror
20.
What
difference
between
I
I'tnmn'y. in the
exeetit
!
iioiiym
of general
?
my
tbis opi
in the
07 tli
Line, either
eflnitiom
87.
to
be
fear-
264
mass of
DUTIES AND
the people.
The
Risk.
Conduct.
Execu*
Reasonable.
many
other
tional
GmnU-d.
Watchful.
criminals,
who
Welfare
nocent members,
'resort to the
most
artful,
"arse.
means
to get their
(adefkl
Put.
Feeling.
the
most
'pathetic appeals
by counsel, or
when
Torment,
ised.
to
lite,
and by the
In'ncaciet.
of those
who
Good.
Imlulpencc.
Pill
many
in
roqui-
to
on the
RCftd.
Attor-
(^ 10.)
To
in
such
pitch.
'eloquence
'attained
and the
of some lawyers
Orator>'.
that
if
135
it is
Reached.
Inhabitant*.
a 'criminal, no matter
how aggravated
Obtain.
Certain.
may
It is
of certain lawyers, he
'sure of
an acquittal.
Rsrht.
the marginal word for Pardoning Power, when it is neither a definition nor a synonym ? ( 9.) 29. Do criminals resort to any but h'iral means to obtain exemption from punishment? 30. What are some of
felons?
who wish to obtain the acquittal of What is often remarked in some sections of the we generally sympathize with the oppressed find
a person
is
distressed?
33.
When
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JURORS.
to 'sympathize with the sufferings
265
Feel
for.
and
is,
afflic-
And
this
per-
Probably.
Rhetorical.
weapon used
It
in 'ora-
Fascinate.
verdict of an
unreflecting jury.
the
Unreasoning.
Jurist.
business of the
lawyer
to
ment
in
Issue.
and
his professional
it.
Monetary.
Require.
reputation,
alike
demand
it is
(11.) If a
party
that
is
is
really guilty,
he,
Has
violated
the law.
the oppressor.
suffer.
Tyrant.
uld
ioo
lie,
Ought
to.
vio-
Privations.
Any
in
Horrible.
though
as
more 'obscure or
way,
is
Humble.
Assailant.
much
the
Breaker.
liberty,
Reasonable.
Every.
Arraignments.
'Any
allows
prosecutions,
who
the eloquence of
Attorneys. Cherishes.
sway
loo
his
better judgment,
who
entertains
for,
prejudice
against,
or false
'sympathy
is
Kindness.
State.
throw-
I'ourr.
-tity
of the law.
If the
accused
is
guilty,
to
Holiness.
Countenance*.
his
who
looses,
is
who
sus-
such aggressions? 34. Are heinous felons then oppressors, OI arc they oppressed by the law ? 30. Who (11.) 35. Who should goffer when a crime is committed?
one
who commits
37. Is there more for the violation of the law than one authorized way to ipell defence^ in the 1 1st line? 38. What [does every juror who countenances the escape of criminals? 39. Does
?
23
266
165
DUTIES AND
who
Assists.
'suffering
and oppressed
one
Distressed.
'
innocence; he
is
Ai
ler.
who
InHueii
aims
to 'destroy the
Subvert.
Country.
Gives.
Any
juror
who
and
Plundering.
False.
is
equally 'recreant
if
he would be
he
'
knowingly
Intentionally
the
Condemning.
Aihi-e
which has
filled
so
many
lawyers'
Opposite.
Pn-ferable.
is
Criminal.
'sutler."
in
The
fact
is,
ndemned.
saying
originated
is
a 'monarchical
Tyrannical.
Foreign.
country, and
soil
nitely
ie5
more
lenient,
and should be
It
infinitely
Mild.
Certainly.
more
sions
certain to punish.
was 'undoubtedly
'intended to
Designed.
Desecrated.
Counts.
dukes, marquises,
rons
all
the 'nobility of
Hereditary
ranks.
With impunity.
uttered
royal
favor.
( 13.)
Nourished.
Partiality.
indirectly aids in the escape of criminals contribute to the ruin or the support of our free institutions? ( 12.) 40. Is it right or wrong to aid criminals to escape the penalty of the law?
everyone who
What
41.
42.
What
buted most
43.
Whence
( 13.)
RESPONSIBILITIES OF JURORS.
has
it
267
shielded.
surely
rjnoeruintj
to
is
acquit,
next to
Question,
sustaining.
if
is
no 'doubt,
"
fear not
upholding des-
who
Re*m*.
Feast,
privi-
many with
impunity.
counte-
205
nances criminals, the 'enemies of rational freedom, upholds them in 'setting at defiance
the infallible laws of
( 14.)
It
is
opponents.
rutting.
God.
incumbent on
all
The
Deity.
therefore
jurors in the
city
210
Union
to use their
utmost saga-
and discrimination,
Prosecution.
tiff
and defendant,
their
in civil
as
Defence.
Examine.
Variations.
Inquire.
undeceived
\
undeviatm?
Effective.
membering
most
'efficient
Lead.
them 'depends the honor and the dignity of Rests, our lenient and humane laws, and the en- [Benevolent.
'
institutions.
n ro
mr. r bu.
American
jury,
nie^L
Do
45. the innocent in our OOtUttiy stand in aeed of this Faying? 46. What uiili us thp inuo cnt will be puflithad
I
rightly
termed
17.
Who
support criminate!
48.
Who
support tyrants!
I
'
'.-juror in the
268
from criminal
'civil
however aggravated,
trifling, is
to
Cases.
suits,
however
the sapper's
Pecuniary.
Base.
blow
225
at the 'foundation
of the
Temple of
'Liberty.
Freedom.
between unjust and illegal in the 221st line? 51. What bad have the unjust verdicts of juries even in trilling pecuniary oai
LESSON XLVI.
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF CIVIL MAGISTRATES.
( 1.)
'civil
r
magistrate*
is
a public
Cmc.
Intrusted.
officer,
'charged
w ith some
executive part
of the government.
Discoursing
on.
and
5
this
responsibilities of civil
magistrates in
Rulers.
Allusion.
book,
'
Respect.
''onvirts.
which
it
is
deemed imporit
All over.
In the outset
may
Bepinni ng.
Remitting.
pardoning power of
is
'co-exten-
Equallv unlimited.
rnhmitetl.
Chtef
offiorr*.
world.
( 2.)
The
now PoMK
Forgive.
Past.
was
( 1.) 1. Parse duties, in the 7th line. 2. Also which. 3. Where are who, which and what, in the objective case, always placed ? 4. What is always the form of who, in the objective case? ( 2.) 5. What is
the difference
6.
What
of the powers and extent of the judicial, financial, and other incorporated institutions of the United States, is contained in the Citizen's Manual, by Joseph Bartlett Burfull illustration
leigh,
OF CIVIL MAGISTRATES.
rics, when the world was just emerging from barbarian darkness, when hundreds of thousands of 'innocent persons Buffered the
2C9
Issuing.
Gloom.
Unoffending.
20 most revolting tortures for no crime whatever, and were even burned alive at the stake by
the hands of deluded ignorance.*
Abhorrent.
Consume*
Blind.
Past.
Xo
longer
ago than
tury,
it
was deemed
Moslems.
Possessed
persons.
as a 'decisive proof
( 3.)
Conclusive.
Faith.
religion.-)-
How
how incredible, has been the improvement of human society! for in every
wonderful,
Marvellous.
Adrancemont.
cruelties,
Land.
Justice.
Benevolence
Perpetrated.
principles
now
beginning to
Time-honored.
35 bless mankind.
( 4.) It
Man.
must
not,
however, be 'understood
Imagined.
Expulsion.
that the
Due.
Rulers,
of the
'civil
that
is
T'lif ripaltlr.
meant by the phrase, "burned alive at the stake,"' in the 21st line? Near the middle of what century are we now living? 8. How 9. Explain do we find the distinctive name of any century? 10. What if the difference between Turks and the reason of thi*. Moslems, in tho 21th line? 11. Is the word demoniacs, in the 25th line,
7.
ly
the inipr*
was
the banishment
( 3.) 12. What are ( 4.) 13. To what of these barbar.an customs OWlQg ! H- Are those
"'v to
bfl
attribute! to?
hundred thousand innocent persons have been contranslated from the French, hy
Edward
D. Ingraham.
23
270
of self-government,
has
been
Too.
Clearest.
Unfitness.
This remark-
45 able improvement in human society has been brought about by the enlightening influence of wide-spread education, and the humane effect of the 'religion of Christ on the minds
of the people.
Intercourse.
Illuminating
Instruction.
Doctrines.
No
'people
Race.
Extent.
50 tained
and
for
liberties,
who
Comprehend
Accountability.
( 5.)
Dwciliog-
and sciences, the fountain of whatever 55 was considered grand and noble among men, by 'withholding proper education from the
arts
Sonrce.
Great.
Iv r:.;nHark
'mass of the people and keeping them ignorant of the 'duties and responsibilities of their
civil 'magistrates, lost its liberty: for the
Hulk.
ise
Dtteafe
Sacrificed.
60 were 'immolated or banished from public, because they were honest, and exposed the follies of the age, whereas those
the re-
Laid hare.
Times.
Flattered.
who
'Deceived.
65 the people, were most 'applauded, and reached It the highest 'posts of honor and power.
'should never be forgotten that our
Commended.
Plan*
Must.
own
coun-
Had.
Debarred.
liber-
who are unable to govern themselves fit to rule others? 15. Have an ignorant people ever maintained their liberties for any length of time? ( 5.) 16. Why is cradle, in the 53d line, defined by dwelling-place? 18. 17. What term was used by the Greeks to denote banishment ! For what reason? 19. When did our country enjoy less liberty than
OF CIVIL MAGISTRATES,
70
ties"
271
all
which
mh*<***
inborn,
Englishmen as an inalienable
this
and that
deprivation
( 6.).
caused
the
in
revolutionary
ftndoead.
war.
Our ancestors
England knew
civil
understood
Kuiers.
mapis-
75
and when the British governor attempted to take the trial by jury out of the hands of the American pcople,f when he 'pardoned J
tratcs,
King,
Pram
Forgave,
Tools.
his
gressions on the
and
'violated the
Invaded.
Declared.
BO Declaration of Rights, he
was 'proclaimed
What
?
is
the
it
21.
From
extorted ? ( 0.) 22. What caused the revolutionary war 23. What did our ancestors know ? 24. What 25. What is meant by the phrase "our ancesshould we understand? 26. Did the patriots of the revolution prize IB England?'* 27. What were some of the liberties of their English ancestors ?
Englishmen
.
in favor of liberty?
The
principles of these lil>erties are set forth, often nearly verbatim, in the Declaration of
page 86 ) I X from Magna t'harta. confirmed by Kin? Edward I., in the five-nnd-twentieth year ID., 1297, chap. xxix. " one shall be condemned without trial. Justice shall not be sold -No free ma n shall be taken or imprisoned, or be disseized of his freehold, or bbrrtK-s. <>r free customs, or l>e outlawed, or exiled, or any otherwise destroyed. DOT will we not pass upon luni. nor condemn him. but by lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the NVe will sell to no man, we will not deny, or defer to any man either justice or right." larw. (Also s* American Manual.) nacted the second year of the reign of Edward III.: "In vhnt cases only pardon of felony shall be aranUd Whereas, offenders liave been greatly encouraged, because the charters of pardon have been so easily granted in times oast, of manalaughIt is oraained and enacted, k s. and other trespasses against the peace. - shall not be granted, but only where the king may do it by his oath, that is That to say, where a man slays another in his own defence, or by misfortune. 4 death or man, robberies, and felonies against the peace, divers acts of parliament tbe power of granting Charters of pardons. First, That no soch Charten stall be granted, bat in case where the king inav do it by his oath. Secondly, That no .fers out of Parham* nt, Stat t Edw. 3, c. 13. roll it is said, [for the pease of the land it would be murh "And accordingly in a parliament as be let to mainprize do put in it ices were appointed in every county, if such help. And that no pardon were granted, b'lt by parliament.] r gentlemen kin? hath granted pardons of felorues upon false suggest ions it is prosided, y which shall be granted at the suggestion >f any, the mime >>hall Ik- comprised in the Charter; and if the suggestion be of him that ir i:i t*; disallowed. found untrue, Tie anoenf and constant rule of law. Son jtoUrit rrx aratiam facere cum injuria rt damno ahorum ; quod autem aJienum est, dorr non potest per svam qratxam. \\\ an appeal of death, rob-lenre. Air ., the king cannot paidon the defendant, for the appeal is the suit of the party. I ther the defendant \ns attainted by judgment, 6lc, or by outlawry, the par-art
<
>
:*'
be king shall not discharge him -ays. "These statutes are excellent instructions for a religions and prudent king KB ca^es, Ul summer potestatu Reoia est posse quantum sett sir mmjnitudims est wlie quantum possit. fas it is the highest kingly DCWer to ha able to act what he Wills j so it his rreulness and nobleness to will on! hunt the pardoning power pardoning power solely in the hands ..f monarch* They found it onsafi ma> exercise greater partheir sovereign*, lb that many fb
to
full'
'
"
doning po we
iry kings.
272
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
a 'tyrant.*
lish
When
it
was found
that the
Enghim,
Usurper.
Limits.
Established
for.
they
Determined.
Forefathers.
85
their
( 7.)
Considered.
Treatise.
Government: "This holds 'true also concerning the supreme 'executor, who hav'trust
Good.
Ruler.
90 ing a double
Confidence.
Share.
Enforcement
Absolute.
when he
the
'
sets
up
his
own
'arbitrary will as
law of the
society.
He
acts contrary
Regulation.
Usee.
95
to
his trust,
when he 'employs
the force,
'treasure,
and
Wealth. Win.
Designs.
Voters.
rupt
tlie
representatives,
:
to his
'purposes
'electors,
ioo
the
choice
those
whom
Entreaties.
In
promises, or 'otherwise,
won
to his designs
to bring in those
who have
candi-
Uses.
Agreed.
Decree.
Thus
to regulate
ways
Change.
and
29. What is the difference between trust synopsis of section seven ? 30. What is here said of those who confidence, in the 90th line ? pervert to a bad use the power entrusted to them by the people? 31. What bearing have the remarks concerning the abuse of the elective franchise, on the conduct of political parties in the United States'? ( 8.) 32. What is the difference between tear and cut, in the
* See Lesson XXI. page 94.
1215. the
111., and confirmed by Edward 1., various acts of Parliament, and the Revolution of 1688, the principles of liberty "were secured to the people, and acknowledged by all succeeding sove-
OF CIVIL MAGISTRATES.
of election, what
is
it
273
iY..r.
vernment by the
having reserved
properties, could
that they might
roots,
b'oun Int'on.
For
the peoplej
Sou. re.
do
it
Si IscSjd,
QmdbmL
Need.
Welfare.
Discussion.
This,
who
Are pledged.
the debate,
reasons
( 9.)
Arguments.
Performing.
on
i*>
all sides,
To prepare such an assembly as this, and endeavor to set up the declared abettors of
his
legislature
Aiders.
own
is
true representatives of
Faithful.
lawmakers of the
so-
Legislators.
Violation.
ns
Promulgation.
possible to be
Overthrow.
met with. To which, if one shall add rewards and punishments visibly employed to
the
A person.
Privation^.
all
mo
to 'take o/f
and destroy
to
all
Put away.
Plot.
way
not
betray the
be
liberties
it
will
past
Certain.
Why
in
of
i
<--ur
trans.-!
ihould the purity of legislation bo an especial pledged representatives unlit to -:ness? What is the difference between ) 35. (
'.'.
trut
ami
faithful,
the
'
122d
38.
li
the
f,
meaning
in
<>f
these wo:
line.
.
the
i~i\\
a person
(t 10.) 39.
Why
274
doubt
135
is
doing.
in the
to
ought to have
ploy
Place.
Community.
Against.
'contrary
with
it
'de-
Settle.
that he
Observe.
Tried.
who
140
this,
cannot longer be
'trusted.
Confided
Justices.
in.
*the
Remark.
'Locke.
Post.
Father of Candor,
'station of
145
'
in
that
or ever
'despised
join
Unite with.
by every one, as
is
the power,
Hated.
SoliciU.
Unworthy.
Money.
for
150 'title,
concur
of arbi-
Rank.
Commonwealth.
Title.
trary
power
into a free
By what
entertain
What
155
reasonable
hope can he
Feel.
Descendants.
Pass down.
Occupiers.
Will he leave
the profli-
r.-WNMwllV
Thought.
Select.
But and
to be the
lives,
Keepers.
their
liberties ?"
Freedom.
( 12.)
and
Power.
should a minister of the law refrain from interfering in political mat41. What is said of those ( 11.) 40. Repeat section eleven. who, through motives of gain, deliver the liberties of their country into the hands of tyrants? 42. Who are destitute of reflection? 43.
ter-*?
OF CIVIL MAGISTRATES.
vigor by wholesome laws, and
a punctual
An
275
exact.
observance of them
165
not
by contemning or
Justice, equity,
|
Despising.
'treading
them under
all
foot.
Trampling.
Freedom.
Exist.
without them
and
in
a word,
friend,
bosom
Greatest.
Detests.
( 13.)
"When
honors of any
'sort
are
Kind.
marks of infamy and disgrace, and will be looked upon by every honest mind with horror and disinto
changed
Basely used.
Reproach.
Contempt.
Marks,
Slavery.
dain
iT5
They
and
de-
Inducements
Equipments.
Marks.
Pure.
Traitors.
'Patriots.
and
fools,
'signs
tokens
But on the
other hand,
when
Course.
is
Source.
who
185
is
Near.
Properly.
remarks:*
is
held in
Freedom.
Esteem.
Injurious.
detriprivi-
May.
thi3 the
What
is
the difference
between
detests
and abhors, in the 169th line? 45. Illustrate the meaning of these words in sentences? ( 13.) 46. To what does the prostitution
47. Why is a course of honesty of honors to base purposes lead? recommended to all public functionaries? 48. What is the difference between badges and marks, in the 174th line? ( 14.) 49. What should
276
1:0
lege to
Commission.
Occurs.
Sustain.
"It
is
cer-
by
195
false ideas,
do not venture
to
to give their
Spurious.
Substantial.
which require
keep certain
'classes in a
Orders.
state of 'degradation
Wretched-
and that
Knowledge.
Established
on reason, can
be
'solid,
Hope.
Correct
governments pay
!
to
LESSON XL VII.
( 1.)
Such are
u
unds.
An,.
Fabricators.
and of
reverenced, and
our 'forefathers
the 'framers of
instruction
much
Received,
Fountains,
which we may
From
those 'fountains of
is
wuet
spring,
less
;
watching
( 2.) Is
stupor.
Biindiy.
on
( 1.)
their patriotism
and
'professions.
Declarations.
1. From what sources did our fathers derive much benefit? Should the people look to more than the mere professions of their rulers? 3. What are your reasons for this opinion? ( 2.) 4. What
2.
OF CIVIL MAGISTRATES.
there no 'danger at the present time
lest
]
277
the
Protecting wall.
erfo-
Gain.
dizement,
may
let in
Flood.
whelm
the
liberties
of the 'country 1
are,
How
N;i!ion.
Apertures.
Trove.
Slip.
20 perience
show
there
through which
Remitting.
Register.
cutives!*
(^-)
The
Examination
Citizens.
25
the
whole country.
states,
If
the
governors of
'term of
Executives.
Period.
several
office,
each
for a single
dreds
may of their own free will pardon hunof 'criminals who have been, by the
able
Forgive.
Culprits.
Guardian.
Efficient.
by
law
Union.
Dread.
Silent.
may become
35 disregarded
;
a 'dead
that
it
letter,
and be
totally
Unheeded.
Seized.
Guilty.
Is
Apprehend.
conn-
ful
examination 1
Of law 1
human
7.
S.
O^ bv
fall
institution", the
pardoning power
the
a hich
i
ni
'
i
listed
.
luncil
I
In
in
the LeKudature
vmiIi
278
'trial
Examination
Expectation. Trespasser.
40
Is
be 'convicted
if
Pronounced
guilty.
receive a pardon?
that
it
Does he not
feel 'assured
Confident.
is
the world to
?
Most
facile.
45 obtain the
executive clemency
Is there
Governor's.
Extensive.
Old.
young?
im-
an
Encouragement.
Fairness.
Of course.
!'y
not the
power
'gradually sliding
away
?
degrers.
from the
many
into the
llers.
Does it not denote that the sanctity of the law is less revered? (5.) Every unjust 55 pardon or acquittal tends to weaken the 'confidence of the people in the law, tends to 'en-
Respected.
Reliance.
Foster.
to
make
honest peo-
Upright.
Security.
Bullets.
60 tends
to
Wickedness.
Establish-
tends to
ments.
Prolific.
Destruction.
Winking.
Governors.
'rulers,
and the
(4.)
10. Do hardened 9. Give a synopsis of section 4. endeavor to entrap youth ? 11. What are some of your
12. What is the effect of every unWhat has been one of the fruitful sources of the ruin of other republics? 14. What is the difference between ruin and destruction, in the 63d line? ( f>.) 15. What im-
( 5.)
13.
pardon or acquittal
OF CIVIL MAGISTRATES.
( 6.)
279
Vain.
'suasion
Exrxwtulalion.
Contains.
Grown
Whole.
Period.
up.
official
term of
ollice
Multitudes.
doned convicts.
75
is,
Moral
suasion, holy as
it
Reason.
Correcting.
chastening hand of
'law, has
many hardened
to
Authority.
Strands.
Fire.
What
object
Appears. Country.
Is it possible.
come
to this,
that
hundreds of Ameri-
Wrong.
Law-officers.
Do
the
their official
terms of
thousands
Pronounce.
Judgment*.
Defective.
all
criminals.
But some
Convicts.
who have
Embraces.
Decider.
who is to be the judge of this ! 90 Cannot a person who is guilty of an atrocious crime tell a falsehood? Is a man too good to who is vile enough to wield the
reformed
:
and
revolting.
An
untruth.
Beguile.
Kill.
16.
17.
W
Do
r
ally
are thorp to prevent the full power of moral suasion? n many hardened eon ricti 1 (7.) are hundrcls of American juries that annufOO Nip 18. What (h>.-> thi* imply, in the B9tll irben they ptofeM to !>< reformed, it
!
ever be
SI.
It
What
are
your
this
opinion
( 8.)
criminal
280
'reformed,
..crated.
95
vict
cheerfully
Willingly.
land,
which
Allot.
'punishments
shall
Penalties.
If a
Shun.
Endures.
Welfare.
!>>vc of country-
may
he not suffer
?
for the
good of
his
country
May
man
there
of battle?
May
his
not a
receive
Uet.
Upholding.
Cell.
country
in the 'former,
as well as in
'the hitter.
(0.)
What
right
War.
Free.
has one
man
to
any
'valid reason, a
Sound.
Territory.
Was
power 'designed
especially to
Ku-h.
Illiterate.
no protect the wealthy and the intelligent, and not the poor and the ignorant
I
Was
it
de-
to hire
conver-
Deceit
Price.
Feasting.
lives of others
to free
its
Incarceration
Spurious.
'ment.
1
( 10.)
Was
it
designed
to
leavy.
and render
null
and
void,
Tribunals.
Correct.
hundreds of
Is the liberty
'right-
of the
reasonable to suppose he ought willingly to comply say of a person who sulfers innocently? 23. What is the duty of every citizen ? ( 9.) 24. What do you suppose was the object of the pardoning power ? 25. What is the difference between illiterate and ignorant, in the 111th line? (10.) 36. Who support courts of justice? 27. What is the object of courts? 28.
with?
OF CIVIL MAGISTRATES.
vultures to take precedence of the safety of
the doves
?
281
Security.
;iare.
Is
many w
to be sacrificed to the
125
unrestrained inclina-
Licentious.
Citizens
Reapaot.
law, so that no
power can
either
open Pan-
The casket
rain.
of
Make.
Reproach.
World.
Sun-scorch'd
plains.
( 11.)
The
The
domains,
'terror
of his eye;
Fire-glare.
Crag.
By
135
empire
in the
sky;
Might.
Fell.
The
Sateless.
unweaned from
blood,
Child. Alike.
Are
still
'the
to age.
Of
140
all
and breathe,
;
Change place
Soars above.
Man
He
only
On
high.
Ward.
Slyness.
The
145
Numerous.
Health.
'Life to enjoy,
from death
to save,
Humblest.
150
From strength to strength he "travels on; He leaves the 'lingering brute behind And when a few 'short years are gone, He 'soars, a disembodied mind
:
Journeys.
;
Tardy.
Brief.
Tow*n.
Beyond the
In hi*
I-
Tomb.
Higher.
Bright course
eternity
begun.
Immortality
lUppOM WOnW remit from not enforcing the laws 7 What evi Wbm\ do ynu suppose ii ihe object of law? ($11.) 30. Who pos81. To what i- man sesses ascendency Ojei nil floated things? 33. For what end 32. What are the attributes of man? the heir?
|
24
282
155
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
What
guides
him
Great.
Smoothes.
Descries.
Likeness.
'knowledge
knowledge
roll,
to the soul
;
Leaning.
Potence.
Seasons.
Is 'power,
and
liberty,
and peace
And
The
Hail
to
Wisdom.
Noble.
165
The 'light with universal beams, And through the human 'desert led
Truth's living, pure, 'perpetual streams.
Dawn.
Barren.
Unfailing:.
rise,
Ardor.
New
170
'spirit
"Man, 'know
thyself,
and
fear tby
God."
Scan.
MoVTfJDMF.RT.
is
he created
(1'2.)
$4.
What
is
the grave?
35.
How
is
knowledge
increase
38.
<>f
there
any
limit to
the
knowledge?
37.
What
LESSON XLVIII.
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
(1.)
republics*
Fnm "is.
Lost
Warlike.
have 'been deprived af their liberties; they have been first afflicted, either by military
( 1.)
*
1.
How
;
lost
generals, haying armies and kingdoms at thpir disposal, wore sensible of their own strength, and Could no looser obey. The soldiers therefore bt'sau to acknowledge no superior but. their general to found their hopes on him only, and to view the city as from a en tance: they were no longer the soldiers of the republic, but of Sylla, of Marios, of Poropey, and of Csesar. The Romans could no longer tell, whether the person who headed an army a province was their general or their enemy. "So long as the people of Home were corrupted by their tribunes only, on whom they could bestow nothing but their power, the st na'e could easily defend themselves, because they acted consistently and with one regular tenor; whereas the coium m people were continually shirting from the extremes of fury io the extremes of cowardice; mit when they were enabled la their favorites with a formidable exterior authority, the whole wisdom of litbaffled, and the commonwealth wns undone! " A wise republic ought not to run any hazard which may expose it to tfood or ill fortune the only happiness the several individuals of it should aspire auer is, to give perpetuity to their state." Monlesqumi's DecUm and Fall of the Roman Einpire.
"The
<
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
despots, or
283
Wicked. Tainted
InresMainn]
Disorder.
Shrltcr.
rulers."
who
punished:
resort
anarchy
its
prevailed, and as a
re-
from
under
fuge
despotism.
Should
the
civil
Tyranny.
Nation.
10 magistrates of our
own
'country ever
become
Unmindful of
Forget.
they ever
Dnobsoared.
Judgments.
may
justly
regard the
Law.
Vaunted.
Brink.
Title.
verge
oi
ruin.
( 2.)
We
may
then have,
all
as now, the
evils
name
of a republic, but
the
Horrors.
Stimulating.
20 land.
Lover of
man
Commonwealth.
oppressed of other
Animating.
Float.
25 of our temple of
their liberties?
ii
liberty
down
the current
Fane.
2. What usually precedes despotism 3. Can (]rsever exist in an intelligent and virtuous community? 4. Whal may the people justly apprehend when the laws are violated with impunity? (2.) 5. Can a government ever exercise the power of he name of a republic 1 0. What was the power that tyrai 7. Why? existed' in France in 1703 called ( 3.) 8. What does the
?
T
M werp
or mfl
.
now
irf"
The
time*, thai
il
Much
{eared
of theru." lout.
284
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
Gloomy.
Sagacity.
Free country
Continuing.
Correct.
Fact.
to prevail
the 'case,
it
infallibly
Good
Bad government.
Sustain.
Pious.
countenance and
'virtuous laws.
Good
Bad
( 4.)
is
it
Loftiest.
and happiness.
rulers depress
them
to
Sink.
Vilcness.
and 'misery.
how
lect
'important
LWnt.aL
Correctly.
40 be thoroughly educated,
may
se-
good
rulers,
to be
is it
Occasion.
Ma.l.v
how
important
Comprehend.
i
ments of
political
science, and
possess a
menu
al.
Intended.
Contn.l
People.
ratione,
to
modo, ordine."*
of
civil
'Every
Lach.
Should.
one 'ought
know something
of the duties
50 and
'responsibilities
magistrates, to
in
Powers. Weight.
Intelligence.
know whether
favor of 'learning and virtue, or whether they are the 'abettors of vice and crime.
existence of
10.
Encourage rs
9.
11.
What What
is
is
rulers?
12.
cal science?
13.
Why should every one know Why should all understand the
is
something of
politi-
"To
be without law,
to
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
(5.)
285
Newspapers.
The
55 the existence of 'crime, and violations of the laws to an alarming extent in our beloved
country: frauds, breaches of public
thefts,
Wickedness
trust,
(\>nfulrnc.
Tumults.
Horrible.
ders,
BO
to a
which
all
patriots
may be
justly
iinsht.
alarmed.
that
We
are perhaps
is
all
too certain
Frightened.
Speedily.
our country
rapidly advancing to
power and 'renown too insensible of the accumulating growth of ignorance and 05 immorality too indifferent to the gradual but silent progress they are making towards sapping the 'foundation of our laws, and overwhelming the institutions of the republic let us awake and be vigilant ( 6.) 70 At the present day a contest is 'commencing, the mightier than ever before was waged
;
Glory.
Increasing:.
Vice.
Insidious.
Basis.
Overfh rowin?.
Watchful.
Beginning.
Vaster
Contest.
'
strife
the
contest
Advocates.
Selfish.
Our
fight
forefathers
Lords.
Contended.
lruh-Mructible.
we
with 'impe-
sustain
Uphold.
Kntire.
and
for the
SO world.
Permeate,
[.aw-makers.
1 let
'
and
1.
nil
What may justly alarm all good citizens 1 if>. 10. What ere gradually probably Boo oertain
!
try
|
($
rlicl
".).
it.
Whmi
ii
rorn-
F<
arbal
bat
do we
Wbatwill
286
bestow upon
in
CONCLUDING RKMAkKS.
it
their
utmost
aid,
and tyranny
'give
Support.
Yield.
place to
liberty,
and enable
Permanent.
Recompense.
RBverberatum.
( 7.)
The
the world.
Kmgd
>m.
The 'embers
lics,
Cinders.
'consumed by the
still
Desolated.
90 potism, are
'glowing on European
Burning.
Sovereigns.
Underlings.
Privilege*
and
of man, their utter ruin, and their irretrievable 95 'ignominy. Europe may boast of her splendid cities, her stately palaces, her magnificent temples.
TotaL
Shame.
Tow<
The Pyramids,
to
all
the gigantic
udous.
monuments of
of
too
works
few
Alridean.
I'xU.SMlL'SV
Results.
art,
remain alike
'effects
show
their
inutility,
and the
of despotism
how the
may
Enjoy.
Slavish.
Oriental world.
make
many
The
monuments of
105
the
Oppressors.
reared a 'mightier
the
monument of
work
What
( 7.) 21. What has reached every monarchy in the world? will inevitably follow the promulgation of sound education
23.
25.
24.
Of
26. What has been reared in America? 27. What is out to all industrious citizens in America? 28. What secures this privilege? 29. Among what classes were most of the frainers of
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
of rational liberty.
It
287
inStimulant.
guarantees equal
pri-
Secures.
vileges to all:
its
Formers.
Ranks.
dustrious
'classes
of
the
country.
racters in
n> career,
chaearly
the
Kminent.
Foundation.
origin
were
both, in their
the
numbered among
(0.)
mass of
Ufa
Working.
Means.
Young-.
Public.
laboring people.
The
first,
life,
possessing
inferior to
day
at
our
common
old,
was, when
twenty years
Of
age.
'laboring at days'
works
in
the wilderness,
Toiling.
common
surveyor of land.
He
had no
than an
Measurer.
badge, DO claim
to distinction, other
Honor.
Open.
Franklin.
The
other,
'toiling at the
Laboring.
Occasionally.
and 'some-
Go-cart.
Public ways.
( 10.)
Who
Imagined.
Laborers.
that the
names of
Bounds.
Vicinity.
Short.
Efforts.
by well-meant
What were
?
i
the
?
early
32.
advantages
!
31.
How
did he
'
improve them
has he
jTou
t<>
I
lie u
What claim
Franklin
our
men
name any
\\\><>n
r> (^ l<) :;7. How do y<>n young Washington end Franklin 1 38.
1288
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
all
opposition incident to
'meritorious efforts.
Deserving.
Their names
ness,
will
when
the
Ever-blooming.
RoyaL
Panoply.
For'otful-
holders, those
]4o
clothed with
of
power
But
moulder
in oblivion.
let it
Presumed.
enduring mental
Renown.
Generations
Lance.
monuments
145
without 'opposition.
'bitterly
Turroly.
Party.
mand
racter.
the
organized
American army, a 'faction was fame and blast his ChaFranklin was hurled from office,
to ruin his
Reputation.
Ejected.
*
to
be on the
'comfort
Appeared.
Verge.
'brink of ruin.
Yet
for their
country they
Enjoyment.
Adulations.
Rectitude.
Examine.
Benevolence
Epochs.
Moved.
Borne up.
viat-
examples, each
may
be 'sustained
in
pursu-
mgly.
Uprightness.
Benefit.
and zealously
'noblest of
all
means
Most eflinent
'religion.
What did they do when surrounded by difficulties? 30. Was their cause just ? 40. Should everyone strive to be engaged in a good call 41. What should yon do when encompassed by opposition? ingl ( 11.) 42. What can you say of some of the difficulties Washington encountered? 43. What obstacles did Franklin encounter? 44. What did they do when surrounded by troubles ? 45. Do all persons encoun-
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
work shall tend in the slightest degree to awaken the dormant talent of the land if it shall in any manner call to the 'safety o\ the Union some rineinnatns m the plough, some Sherman, Franklin,
( 1*2.) If this
:
289
Book.
Arouse.
Mi
Summon.
Stvui.ty.
Husbandry.
or
1:0
Washington from manual labor, to the affairs o\ state and the eanse of 'education,
object of the
if
Labor of the
hands.
Instruction.
the
Design.
And
the
'plan of this
most remote
of the
ns the
way
tend to
Arrangement
Distant.
community
Paramount.
Adequate.
Country.
Extent.
sound and
'efficient
if
it
lalesofthe land;
.
invisible iniluence of
all
woman
is
paramount
to
Unseon.
others
Moves.
Prop.
ll
i&5
whose 'fulcrum is childhood, whose length is all time, whose weight is the world, and whose sweep is 'eternity,- the object will be more than realized. ( 13.) Let w<>man be soundly educated; let no art, however skilful, no science, however intricate, no knowledge, however profound, be
median
lever,
'
Extent.
Endless existence.
Attained.
Thoroughly
Difficult.
Attainment.
Kept.
let
woman
be pro-
Engaged.
General.
Directors.
rmon
and
all
school education.
liners of the
young come
will be 'safe.
The
portentous cloud
Secure.
Error.
now
over-
Vanish.
tcr
t;
16
Wi
should
-
all
do1
}:>..
c
( ,
12
47. If
is
of
What
-.'.oman exert
in
ace
between fulc
the
180th
~25
290
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
'Education
may
will
Knowledge.
Extended
to.
man
Obligation.
and
his
Creator.
The powerful
will
ti-
Maker.
Spring.
not 'pounce
gers,
200
upon the
defenceless, like
ravage the
Desolate.
Starving.
earth, like
famished wolves.
Men
will
no
Palaces.
Creep.
Influence.
kindness
205
Erer gushing
Maturity.
Taste.
Holiest.
'purest
moral education,
become
the
'fit
recipients,
and the
effi-
Suitable.
Guardians.
woman
be educated?
51.
Repeat
LESSON XLIX.
FINAL.
AN EXTENSION OF THE AUTHOR'S SYSTEM OF MARGINAL
EXKRCISES.
Curious.
( 1.)
Singular.
Seemed.
Glanced
at.
this
Looked.
Perceived.
Certainly.
the reader
when he*
first
'saw them,
is
Undoubtedly
Bizarre.
the one he
now
beholds
'surely
Need/ul.
the
Outre.
Requisite.
( 1.) 1. How must the pages of this book have appeared to the reader when first seen? 2.1s the present page still more so? 3.
* Supply the corresponding feminine pronoun,
when
needed,
in all
such
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
Ddate.
291
Enlarge.
Multitudinous.
expatiate
Cerujo.
Procure.
Stir up.
upon the many advantages of the marginal exercises, and their in10 evitable tendency to secure
attention from, and
Sure.
marked
pupil.
to
Ob* am.
Incite.
excite intense
Siudr.
Ulefl.
thought
It
id
the
mind o( the
RrnVcliou.
only
Exhibit
Show.
Plan.
15 his
Gran>J.
Employing.
Expression
Relation.
own
of
With
the privi-
Given.
giving
in
either
the
marked
its
Dans.
'word
the
body of
the page,
Term.
Connection.
word
Adrmncioc.
<x:.rcat:
-n
20 of
Approximating.
Meaning.
'supposed
Thought. Reached.
Inapt Mat
'sufficient
for all
educational pur-
Ample.
Particularly.
TV
MM M 25
Frame.
would naturally be
every
;
led to
form
for
Make.
Phrasal
Sort.
description,
when
is
the idea
iMBd
his
mind.
not satis-
Taken
in.
root
OoBll !ivd.
with
Pound.
tut.
Amr'iUr.
'omprise.
much
35 of what
is
is
to
Bppinner.
4. What only rethe work 7 5. What privilege bai been accorded to author to ilol 7. Would be Mifletairi the r* li toon pi the learner be likely 10 form for bimeelf example* OU the mod.'l of those in this book? ( 2Lj 8. With what is the- writer not patiefied ?
What
DIITM
main*
for the
292
Division.
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
'portion of the unexplored region of
Part.
Convinced.
learning;
that, take
for,
it
being fully
aware
Assured.
Path.
Road.
Tiresome.
Halt.
Rectilinear.
as
we
will, the
way
is
Weary.
Stop.
Direct.
40 not
'rest
without making
it,
so far
as in
Practicable.
Once.
Desirous.
him lies, as 'straight, smooth, level, and perfect as 'possible. Having 'already acted as pioneer,
is
Can
te.
Before.
Solicitous.
he
now
Amended.
Succeed.
Relation.
45
to
be bettered,
the
or system, by those
Improved
uj>on.
Coot
after.
low him.
tion,
With
'respect to execu-
Regard.
Cognizant.
Benefit.
he
is
fully 'sensible
Aware.
Utility.
nifold deficiencies.
However.
Clearness.
Principal.
50 fulness and perspicuity having been his 'main objects, he can scarcely
be 'censured for want of elegance
in style,
Plainness.
Blamed.
Ascertained.
Cnmlrmned.
Understood.
when
it
is
'known
that he
Adorned.
Usual.
He
has
Ornamental.
55 availed
himself of the
'common
Examining.
Standard
books.
Matters.
Searching.
Authors.
Affairs.
authorities,
on the
treated,
which he has
'
Avowal.
Specification.
Admission.
Enumeration
Rhythmical.
Versified.
For
the
'
metrical
scraps
10. fields of learning difficult for a tyro to explore? 11. Does he wish to leave any the design of the author? thing in the way of his peculiar plan fbr others to improve upon ?
9.
Are the
is
What
* The Author has spoken freely of threatening evils in our republican institution*, yet he hopes none will consider that he entertains the le;ist feeling of disregard towards those of his fellow citizens who are members of the standing army, or hold military or civil offices under the general or state governments. Those lush officers are o:ten chosen" from the ranks of the ablest men in the Union; and the Author believes that no one among them would be so inconsiderate its to take offence at remarks which are necessary for a full discussion of the political institutions of our country he has spoken not of the office-holders, but of the system. The evil is not the work of the standing army and of the civil magistrates, but is upheld by and includes the whole community The Author would further observe, that he h:is endeavored to sav nothing that would in any manner whatever conflict with the sound opinions of any political party or Christian sect in the Union.
;
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
Spread.
293
is
Dispersed.
Late.
Quondam.
Scholar.
Lukens.
Student.
Idea.
Thought.
List.
65
(3.)
line of
The
notion of a second
left
Column.
Leaf
Folia
of the
The row.
Perhaps.
and balance
on
the
to
:
right
The
file.
would
thought
probably occur,
this
many
Likely.
Work.
Pre-repreaented.
70 persons on seeing
is
'book
such
The
Volume.
Foreshown.
here anticipated.
Pass on.
author will
now
'proceed to explain
Go
on.
Secondary.
and
75 the
illustrate the
line in
Additional.
MfaftMl
Pristine.
plementary
connection with
It is
Conjunction.
'original one.
obvious that
Primary.
Methods.
we have two
which
tions
to
distinct
'ways from
Modes.
Pick.
Select
Elucidations.
word may
80 words
the
in
Pointed.
Explanations
Designated.
Singly.
Sere rally.
Equivalent
Place.
may have
a definition or
synonym
in
'each
that of
left
Like term.
word
first
order on the
Rank.
Succeeding.
First.
Following.
Precedinf.
word on
usual
the right.
In the former
is
Example.
Point*.
needed, as
Instance.
torn
two 'marks are which must be 'unlike each other. Both 'methods will
in the latter,
Characters.
Dissimilar
Plans.
to.
required,
Npfatod
now
1
be
Represented.
jects?
Of what is h* fully sensible ? 13. What have been bis main ob15. Of I. Can ho be censored f<r want of elegance in style? what has he availed hittiselfl 16. What ii ni<] of the metrical scraps to be found in this l>o<>k (3-) 17 What notion would probably
12.
?
-
10. What is- to be exoccur to many persons? 18. Is it anticipated 21. Particularize plained and illustrated? 90. What il ofefjousl them ? 22. Can both these methods be used in one page? ( -1.) 23.
?
294
Connectedly.
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
90 mising that they
ther in the
( 4.)
may be
if
used togedesirable.
Wifched.
Desire.
N oadtfd
Want.
Unit.
same page
If
we wish
to
define the
the simple
one
Pnme.
Answer.
Do.
Therefore.
In case.
95
this
selected
but
if
two words
It
in
each
is
Wheu.
Defined.
Used.
Proposed.
Allude.
Confine.
line are to
might be said
Affirmed.
Direct.
should
hand
but
it
Border.
Borne in mind.
Special.
must be
remembered
that 2 has
Design.
Off.
margin, and
be
that
it
would
Second.
Yet.
All.
After
all.
105 'still
needed
in
there.
( 5.)
1
On
and
The
two.
the Whole,
Permitted.
Staiions.
A lowed.
i
[]
Post*.
Committed.
Strait.
no
left
margin.
In a page so
first
narrow
general,
it
Extension.
Fix.
as this, the
plan
is,
in
Project.
much
'will
Order.
Can.
is
May.
Hard.
Single.
Troublesome
Lone.
rather a
ii5
thing to find
two
words
in
Reach.
Description.
sent 'length,
Extent.
supplied
w ith
T
Eqni ralent
Large.
nym, on account of
it
Outweighing
will answer if the same word is to be twice defined ? been selected? 25. What might be said if two words in one line are to be defined ? 26. Would this be correct? (5.) 27. What has been done on the whole ? 28. Which of the two plans is 30. the easier to arrange on a narrow page? 29. On what account? What must be done in a book written with such double margins?
24.
What mark
Has
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
ponderance of -small
Words.
Wholly.
Aj st om.
295
L*iiin'<rpretut.le
undefioable
Hi -particles;
'
uHy.
entirely with
double
Two.
\
vly.
Broad.
may
be
Leates.
If.
Questioned.
One.
Better.
In.
Changed.
Pi unary.
line re-
Dress.
Lines.
Drain.
To
ISO
it
is
as
Matter.
Appropriate.
many marginal
Observe.
Placed.
Can.
Contain.
-may be 'used on each side as the page will -hold, and that 'they
The margins.
Intrude.
Permitted.
may
135
Text
Simple.
the -story
to a
in
that
is
narrowed
and
Decreased.
Each.
Explained.
I
menis.
it
and
're-defined,
Explained
over.
Ye-
Further.
Foot.
Interest.
Head.
and bottom.
'
Would.
Leaf.
Point*.
(6.) It
may
be an advantage to
re-
mo
Provided
Employ.
Showing.
Bordering.
Narrative.
Learner.
Cfcaawcatoa
ment of
rent*
Hard.
in the
text;
and
but
this is not
such a
difficult task
Thing.
Doa*.
um
Cfttaaawaeen
that
it
by beginners, who
take
the
Have.
Explaining.
same pleasure
31.
in
it
as in solving a
What may be doubted 1 32. How may -ill poa What might be an advents ied for? difficult tai Could what reason 1 '' W
ild
it
'
complishe<l by beginners
in it?
296
Charade.
Pointers.
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
riddle.
150
This section
is left
without
Printed.
Sample.
Further.
Stopping,
Design.
Preceding.
Intended.
Like*
an
-entire
omission of 'punctua-
Higher.
Suitahle
advanced
155
scholars should be
fill
're-
Asked.
Stops.
quired to
in
When.
Accurately.
and
-after
Finished.
Desired.
Practicable.
Change.
every 'possible
Way.
Alteration.
manner they
ino
Thence.
great -change
sioned
of meaning 'occa'mis'in-
Want.
Apparently.
Thine??.
by the -omission or
Wrong
tion.
posi-
Trifling.
When
'dis-
Tontrntions.
violent
Concerning.
singular.
Complete.
Put.
Five or
six.
ago -an eccentric individual published a -whole book without 'stops and -placed at the end by way of appendix -several pages of 'commas
semicolons
Personage.
Dots.
Close.
ito
()
()
n-*t
Peruser.
Matter.
t 5
Remarking.
Punctuate.
Liked.
Division.
reader
was
at
pleased
175
The punctuation
is
vvant-
Omitted.
Tin present
fprtion.
Foregoing.
'will
Must.
To what will the remark in section six apply? 39. What sort of scholars should be required to fill the vacancies? 40. What should they be instructed to do afterwards? 41. What will this teach them ? 42. What anecdote can you relate of a certain eccentric person? 43. What is wanting in this section? 44. What will be the condition of the reader of this and the preceding section, unless he shall take the
38.
( 8.) 45.
What
is
unlikely?
46.
COM CI A' DING REMARKS
A
loss.
297
Proper ehai
Furnish.
Probable.
any
the
livery.
us one should
-fully
comprehend
Understand.
Plan.
system here
effect
it
presented,
KebUlt.
must have
190
-giving
to the
copiousness
style of
it,
Amplitude.
Accuracy.
tfqr.
and 'precision
previous
It
such
Manner.
Taught.
as -shall be 'drilled by
without
use.
Pnor.
Give*.
"'.
acquaintance and
Knowledge.
But.
-affords us three
separate, 'yet
>*.;.
narratives
if
Account*.
Thread*.
Can.
one
three -strands,
the
ex-
Mode
of
im pression
MtmL
Make.
Complete.
Should.
Said.
sou
-may be allowed, which, go to form, and do -form, one strong and homogeneous cord a -perfect tria
by -continual interweaving
Permitted.
Tend.
Sound.
Three joined
one.
juncta
in uno.
It
it
-may likewise be
gives 'opportunity
of
phrases,
Also.
-remarked, that
for
ch. nice.
Use.
the 'employment
in
Sentences.
Signification.
ttiafc
T:.e
totally -distinct
meaning from
if
Hi
taken
sepa-
Apart.
Properly.
Pertain.
which -belong
'naturally
Matter.
to the -subject in
EaaenUally.
meaning of the
bMgfe,
may have
(^
!>.)
'ob-
in the
body of the
work.
At
the
Book.
Author.
What
i>
the
\
meaning of
I
the
in
She
in
be remark
r
'
I
have
at
298
Deems.
Equal
Reason.
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
he 'considers the one marginal
cially
line
Border.
Ends.
Vast
Concerned.
Printing.
Throws.
Writing.
labor
215
-entails
upon
all
'connected
Volume.
Truth.
Prolix.
kind.
In
Description.
Idea.
ception
of the -tedious
and 'ha-
Fatiguing.
Character.
Duty.
Persona.
Off.
For
quired;
-and even
those used to
far 'short of
Come.
Reality.
publishing would
the -truth in
-fall
making an
estimate.
Estimation.
Conceded.
Gainsay.
This being -granted, no 'one will deny that a double 'margin must
225
Person.
Edge
Kmbarraa*.
IiirnLv
Augment.
Verily.
i'leasod.
more than
is
'truly
Really.
Mgk
Si If Treated.
Termination.
and
PI arid.
'Labors.
all,
So -gentle 'readers
ftge,
Hrarrrs.
Stnfe.
Unyielding.
From
this
May
flee,
Xearnem
As
Heap
up.
Blossoms.
Grown.
Bitter.
Stow.
Crannies.
The -poison 'leave behind, And honey -store in 'ready nooks And -corners 'of the mind.
Let.
Open.
In.
Sedu'ous.
On
'careful 'retrospection
you will
find,
Retnu
Tnaks.
Tracked.
That
we have
mankind
to most purposes? 53. Is much unusual labor connected with getting out a book of this description ? 54. Of what can the public have no proper conception? 55. Does a double margin increase the difficulties? 56. Why is the writer truly delighted? 57. What is desired for all his readers? 58. What
is
deemed adequate
upon
all
entailed
CONCLl'DING REMARKS.
Pobty.
299
Karly.
Lot.
Principles.
:
its
'very birth
Current.
Up
to its -present
state
Rough.
Hemp.
Darker.
Last.
Its first
-rude 'elements
Harsh.
Rearh.
Great.
Finished.
own
'free Constitution.
Right.
Of
may
'pardon
this
reflection,
;
Sleep on.
Proffers.
Now
here.
Coming.
Lesser.
To which the -Present "offers no objection And If the -Future should 'propose rejection Of -minor 'portions of our glorious laws,
Care must be taken
So that they
'd
Desire.
Clauses.
Should.
Larger.
that, in
'mending flaws,
Helping.
Chauce-like.
Use.
By
it.
Cifxen's.
voter's 'obligations
have been
told,
Bonrxlen d cities.
Ballot-box
11.
tn
Mind.
And all our suffrage-holders 'fully warned To -see that freedom is not 'lightly sold,
For, once
lost, 'fruitlessly
Rightlj
Freely.
Uselessly.
Gone.
will
it
be mourn'd.
Advice
Weigh with
care.
is
'given to our
all
jurymen
that they
Offered.
To
Bring
.ponder well
in a
'facts, so
may
Truths.
Render.
when
'error stay.
Judgment.
Falsehood.
Sworn.
:"
I
and
-.
AlUcked.
Indeed.
0*
Vile culpnt.
The right executive to 'pardon crimes Has been -opposed, and all its 'evils shown In fact, 'amelioration of the times Can be accomplished in one 'way alone.
Let the offender
Is
Free from.
Mischiefs.
hetter posture.
Plan.
feel that
-in
punishment
Learn.
Fast.
sure to follow
shall our
Track.
True.
Pine.
Work
out.
Then
laws
Green.
And
flourish -fair,
and
Perjured en-
wilt.
to
beware
Warned here
Fine.
Of
testimony false
in
short, to sift
Utmost.
Clear.
To guard with
people's
will be found
gift.
conscience
'whole the
59. Into what have we seen the first 60. Where do the comof government resolved plexities of old codes find their solution? 61. What may be pardoned
on retrospection?
-
300
Women.
The more
uupnss**ul.
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
The claim of 'females' to 'good education Has been 'insisted on, 'because our youth
Receive of them
first
'fall
Sound
For that.
Obtain.
Soar.
'lessons;
Teachjngs.
Sink.
Must
Or
-error
ri>e
or
truth
Falsehood.
As.
for their
'power reaches
still
far,
Influence
squads.
Daughter*.
And
To
-end
like the
mothers
Close.
let
ev'ry 'reader
now
suppose,
Person.
Writer.
Quiv'nng.
Yearning.
Hearty.
To
-interchange
clasp
;
with
each
'friendly
'Mongst.
Since.
Rcpurdlew.
Join.
And,
as they ne'er
may
gasp
Of sorrow.
Livers.
feebly forth
Faintly.
Of.
To -dwellers
'in
and North.
Sound.
Halt within.
Enounced.
Round.
'PronOUOCed
Adieu, or
in
at
home,
Way.
God speed.
we
Heart.
note
:
For
-truth
but
still,
A
In
second.
Companion.
Paths.
They may encounter, and 'together roam The -fields of knowledge yet, if all should
float
concert
W "isdom.
Buoyant.
Lightly
upon
swell
life's sea,
Fall.
Raging.
So now
'at length,
kind.
by the Pas t? G2. When must care be taken? G3. What have voters been warn ed to see? 01. What should jurymen ponder ? 65. How only can the condition of society be made more safe ? CO. What should be guarded by magistrates? G7. What does the author say in
conclusion
tions? ther?
71
?
G8.
What
is
alliteration?
70.
73
are
?
What words on page 300 are definisynonyms ? 72. What words are neiof gaining
object
knowledge?
74.
How
to live
STATISTICAL TABLES.
301
TABLE
tions
I. Exhibiting the term of Office, the Salary and the Qualificafor Governor in each of the different States in the Union : also, the requisite Qualijirathns of a Citiztn to Vote for any ]>oli(ical purpose tcha'erer within the Jurisdiction of the several States.
x
Qualifications of the Goirrnors. Qualifications of Voters.
21
N.H.
I
<
ir>
resident
m the
vears Stage,
y.-ar
;i
nm&WL
6
r,
i'
ma
in
the
tin'
place
vt.
ur.
KM*
K.
I.
V.
Pa.
Del.
Fa.
Ala. Muss.
La.
Ark.
Ml.
Iowa.
resident in the state. of a voter 21 ys of ag< 2ya. raa tax-payer. - e, 6 months resident, $7 21 vs. Ofage, 6 mo a res $7 t'reeh or yearly income. a tax-payer, subj to military duty. years a resident, aj21 fa. of age, m' place freeholder. tax-payer, subject to milit'v duty. Negroes, 3 ye. res 250 freehold ure. 20 ys. in U. S., 7 in state. 21 ys. of age, 1 state. 5 m. in place. 21 ys. of ape. 1 y r. tax -payer, luds. p rs a resident. 1,333 *' mi the I' 22 years of age. 1 year a resident,! tax payer. 1 m. raa. m the place. 6a tall be in Del. 21 ys of age, tax-paver, ly st ,b*m. pi. 21 years of age. a freeholder, housers a resident. holder, and tax-paver. a resident, 21 vs. of aire. 1 v a res., a tax-paver. s freeh .* tax-p'r. been 21 ys. i 12 in the 6 months a resident, a tax-payer. prop y or 500 ac land 1,5003 21 ys. of a:e. 2 ys res. in the state, 6 10 years res. in the 1 mo. in the county, subj. to mil d'y. which 5 shad be in Florida ientin the state. 21 ys. ofage, 1 year res., 3 m. in place. 21 ys. of ape, 1 year res 4 m. in place. n state. ill. S., 15 m the state 21 ys of age, tax-payer. 2 ys. st., 1 y. pi. 21 ys. of a^e, 1 y. m state. 6 m. in place. lent. rn in the U. S., i 21 years of age, 6 months a resident, the state, 21 years of age, 6 months a resident, trs a resident. 21 ys. of age, 2 ys. in state. 1 y. in place. b vears residence. in the st 21 ys. of age, 1 y. res, liable to pay tax. S ,5 in the state 21 years of atre. 1 year a resident. n I years of age. the state 21 years of age, 6 months residence. 21 ys. of age,] y. in state, 3 in. in place. 1,000,30 years of age, 2 vs. res. of the state 21 ys of age [kuota. msaneor infamous persons excepted.) a resident of the state 6 mo., of t he co. 20 days.
1
y raa
se
'
vs.
of age, 5 in the U.
S..
2 inthest.
21 years of age, 6
months a
resident.
Not
Not
Not sierbh
-lieible for
:
in* in 9.
in 12.
in 8.
in 6.
Not
year-, in 8.
>
'.
art of iryland
term
is
the
envemor
of
Jific ti oas
are
rnor of this S
v.-rnor of tins
left
;..
-
njliaritv
M
STfeaMMI
thrr arr
of
jearv
.ass
be advai
OS may
KVrt~4
<*a>
fcy
IW
hg Wm
>
la
all
ru
rWct aooM
uM
26
302
TABLE
II.
STATISTICAL TABLES.
ranged in Geographical Order, exhibiting the number of State Senators and Representatives, their respective Terms of Office, and requisite Qualifications.
's
r
>*
..
States
, u
'<
'
Qualifications of Senators.
Qualifications of RrprcsenuUives.
^ h
Me.,
31
12
1
N.H..
Vt.,
1
1
286
231'
30
10 31
Mass.,
R.
[.,
1
1
356 72
Conn.,
N. Y.,
21
5 years citizen of U. S., 1 year in the stale, and .1 months ID the town. 7ys. res., freehold in t lie state of 200/ 2 ys. resident of the state, 1 y. town. 5 vs. res of st., dwelling in dist. rep years resident of the stale Resident of the state, freehold of 40 shillings, or 40/ personal estate.
i
N.
J.,
Pa..
Del.,
32 2 IB 3 33 3 9 I
21
1<>0
21
Md..
Va., N.tfV,
S.C.,
21 5 years ntizen of U S 1 year in the state, 3 months in the town 21 2ys res., Hl/ half freeh. dist. 21 2 ys res. io town. 21 1 y. res. of the town repn 21 2 years resident of the K 21 Resident nf the state, freeh. of 10 ingS, or lOi personal 21 2 years resident of the al 6 years resident of the 2 ys. nt. of the state, 1 y i ys. citizen of state, 1 y. of county vs. citizen of state, l y. of district 1 A vs. cit. of state, 1 y. of i us citizen of the M 3 ys. cit. of state, 1 y. of Oou year of the county freeh., OT any estate of 1000/ A ys resident of the stale or county 21 1 year in the sta'e and county freeh. of pla< Res. freeholder of dist repn res.,] 300 acres in fee in dirt rep 21 ahold t >
,
'
iion
readout,
('
Ga.,
Fa., Ala.,
17
9 ys.
UK) LOO
cit
17
3
i
Mi*.,
La.,
32 33 17
1)1
dist. of 500 acres und 10 negi residents, freehold <: 3ys state. 1 y county. 21 7 ys cit. V ,] y eo'ty 21 2 yes souoty. of the district
i
loooZ.
l 1
vs
cit
of U. S.,res
y
1
in district
Texas,
Ark.,
Tenn.
Ky,, Ohi>,
Ind.,
111.,
county ly inty 1 y. iie state, es. Of stale. y <>f district 30 Citizen of the 17. 3., resident of the 25 it of state and U 8,1 y oiimy. and a tax-p coontv or district 2 md co .tax-p'r. a 3 100 1 '25 Cit, of U.S., 2 ys res. st 1 y. in dist 21 Cit. 1 ind <*> tax-p'r. u i 36 2 25 it U S 1 v IfJB. st A dist tax-p'r 21 dt. 21 Cit. 100 2 : it. 1" S 33 .1 dist. 1 y. res. of state, 30 days of district. 21 1 y. i< 36 13 2 26 bounty. 33 2 100 Qualified elector, res. of the district. 21 Qualified U
3f
31
1
'\ 60 |0ya cit. IS., res msi Voter; res. :tvs instate, 90 v., Of ditt at 3a i 100 of 81 I 99 2 30 Voter; res. of state 3 vs., EC 2
i
y ..dist 1 y v district
Lriafa
y.
21
VoU
district
inty.
election.
.
LOO
72
<
<
1. TIow many Senators has this State ! 3. What is the term 2 How many Representatives 7 5. of office of a Senator of this State 4 What is tlir term of office of a Representative? How old must a Senator he 0. How long a resident of the State? 7. Of n B How 10. A resident of the much property must he own 9. How old must a Representative he ? State now lone? 11. Of his town, (or township.) county, or district, how lone 7 12. What amount of property must he own 13. What is the proportion of Senato 15. Are in this State ? 1 1. What is the excess of Representatives over Senators in these numbers always the same ? 16. What is the reason of this ? 17 Which S Greatest number of Senators? 18. Which State has the least number of Senators 19. Which State has ihe greatest number of Representatives 20 Which State has the least nun Representatives? 21. In which State, or States, is the Senators' term of years the Inn 22. In which State, or States, is the Senators' term of years the shortest 23. In whicl is the Representatives' term of office the longest 24. In which State is their t. 25 In your opinion, which State has the most advantageous representation with regard to pro portional number? 26. Which State has the most advantageous term of service purposes ?
'
<
'
* This is increased to 33 by the governor of the State, who lieutenant-governor, who presides in the governor's absence,
is
'
Commons'
in this State.
The largest number of State Senators and Representatives allowed by the respective Constiis here given. The State Legislatures are liable to variation on account of peculiar municipal regulations, and contingent circumstances.
STATISTICAL TABLES.
303
TABLE
III.
Exhibiting the
Manner
in
their
Term of
Office,
S-r.
hf
jih;..
ted by the
:'
aiul
kiure,
pointed by the
office
during
md.
Conttecticvt.
-r
Courts
ii
d behaviour
.
are appointed annually by the General Assembly, tinted by the G ably ; these orthe Supreme Court Id g u>,h1 behaviour, but no! over the age of ~o r snd judges are appointed by the Governor, with the coneenl of the : touts hold office during - ah] Judges oi County Courta, or Courts of Common Pleas,
I
;'(:'
the tenn
*y.
.*-!
t".<r
Appointed by tlie Governor, by and with the advice and eonseut of the Senate The five judgea r and judges of the Supreme Cowl hold office for ? years - are cln *< a by join! ballot of the Legislature, one ev< ry year, inted by the Governor, with consent of the Senate judgea of the Supreme 15 years; presiding judges of Courts ofGommon Pleas and other courts of record
;
for
DtUncr Um
each
j
'
he Governor, and hold office during good behaviour; ivernor on an address o( two-thirds of ail the members o( mbly. gee are sppoiuled by the Governor and Senate, and hold office during good
appointed by
1 helmviour.
lie
judei
mo
South Carolina.
Georyut.
Floru:.
1
by joint ballot
hold offia
i
j
behaviour.
d
behaviour
Ju
nted bj the Legislature for 6 years, Justicesof peace, are e ected by the people for 4 years. ated bj the Legislature a! first tor 5 years; alter that term, during
ijr
t<ehaviour.
Alabama
fiasnasj
Supreme and
to
Circ
f
it
<\
"
is
the High Court of Errors and also the chancellor; thosi of Circuit Courts for 4 years, and those
p
<ars.
Lowjain
advxi
Supren*
of the S
Tentu>
liferent
ouses
courts and jus
join;
ici
ol
the Genera]
'
Assembly
r
U
s
of the.pl
..i tl
t.\
Courts, Use
L'tntji*
residue
and hold
ionr.
<
<"oiirt
nre
rnor and S
i,
v. r ir
fl
Jirrht-.
end Senate
for 7 fears
in
v hat
manner
1
.tie
do Hi-
'
I'.li
ol
304
TABLE
IV.
time when,
STATISTICAL TABLES.
and
Exhibiting the origin of the first settlers of each Slate, the the year in the place where, the first settlement was made the syvarc mdes which the several States were admitted into the Union population to the square mile population of each State, according to the census of 1840, and estimated population of tine Territories, <., in 184S.
3>i
States
Jj
S'/unre
miles.
Whites.
Total
Blacks
settlement.
sclltrrs
Pop.
Me.,
16.10
N.H.,
Vt.,
Providence, Conn., 1633 Windsor, N.Y., Kill Albany, N. J., 1624 Bemea, 1682 Philadelphia. Pa.,
Del.,
York, Dover,
Ft.
Bug.
uff. Enff' EllR.
120
1791
35.000
9. 191
8,i
15 30
;r
Dummer,
hw
1.35."
537
:
B
5
17
671 61
Plymouth,
7.81 K)
9b
65 62 46
8.66!)
4,76
47.1 KM
301356
351^88
1,676,115
8. 105 50,027
Danes
Lug.
HJJu
2.100
271.687
1627 C. HeoIopeB,
163
St.
37
Md.,
D. C, Va.,
Mary's,
Enff.
Enff. Enff.
9,356
50
121 .336
1607
Jamestown,
Albemarle.
N.C.,
S.
5U(i
15
C,
Ga.,
Fa., Ala.. Miss., La.,
Enff.
^t.'.Ul
64,764
st
Augustine
ir
Mobile, Fr.
Fr.
1845 1819
12 vr.
1716 Natchez,
195311
1811 14,808
1699 Iberville,
Fr.
Fr.
rn.,
16R Arkans. Post. Tenn. 1756 Fort Loudon.
Ark.,
1845
Enff.
l'.fW l'.'J
330.000
300,1)1)11
32*000
77.174 6IH.TJ-
465
Ky., Ohio,
1775 1788 Ind., 1690 L683 111., 1763 Mo., Iowa, 1833 Wis., Mich., 1670
Boonaboro',
17,342
Fr. Fr. Fr.
36.40
331
I
58,210
l-fi
i
60^86
43.119
Bujlinffton
Detroit,
r
Fr.
s.
200,000 100,000
1836
30,748 211,560
11
1
30,000
tO. T.
M.T.
N. T. Cal.
1115,000
30,000
I
2.500
1,915,565
Total,
1.616,t.i
In the naval
6.im
Grand Total.
2 Whence came the first and where was the firNt settlement made in tins S';it*1, many square miles has this State 1. What was the population 3. settlers of this State tin> many white iuhabitanU 5. to the square mile iu this State in 18401 many black inhabitants were tlirre 1840 ? 7 What wis tbi State in 18401 6. Una Stab B. Whal is the probable number of militia 1840 Population of this State low many citizens of the United States were engaged in the naval service, according census of "1810? 10. Which State has the greatest number uf militia? 11 Which Si smallest number? 12. What is tin: probable number of militia in the United Slates? 13. Which and when was it settled? 15. Winch w was the earliest settled Slate? It. Uv 16. French ? 17. What State did the Dutch settle first English settlement? 18 Dam many States were settled by the English? 21. The French ? Swedes and Finns? 20.
When
How
How
How
whom
'
How
22.
Which
number
of square
is
miles?
21.
Greatest
population
tion?
Greatest, population to the square mile? 25. Which 27. Fewest, inhabitants to the square mile?
?
Free blacks? 30. Slaves? 31. Winch Mates have 3'3. How the population of the United States in 1840
the smallest in extent ? 26. In popula28. Tlie greatest Dumber of vrhi'ei more slaves than wliites? 32. Wta
many
Kentucky would
Texas make
* The
fin 1848.
+ Minesota Territory
Nebnska Territory is west of Iowa and the northern part of Mi.-snuri, and extends to the went, on the south to the Indian Territory, and was formerly a part of Missouri Territory.
51
See
Indians.
STATISTICAL TABLES.
305
the States,
tABLE
V.
Exhibiting: in
Geographical
Order
their
Seats of Government, the Tunes Of the Election of State ()[];cers. and the Meeting of the several Legislatures, with the amount of the at State Debts.
S
Total
11<
'.
nunt.
2d 3d
Moa
i
in
September,
iu
2d
Wednesday
in
p$hire
Tuesday
in ui
May. June.
fl.142,700
Vermont.
m
in
None.
September,
January.
in
Rhode
Island.
>rt.
1st
eiay
Last
1st
May
I
Hartfd* N Ha*
Albany,
!
1st 1st
Monday
in April.
Monday in Wednesday
lay in
162,719
iu
May.
None.
Mon
in
November.
rm
on,
Tu
1st
mi. 1st
Moii. in
in
Nov
1 1
3d Tnesdaj 3d Tues. in
October,
Is:
Tuesday Tuesday
in
m
in
I
November,
I
I
Jan. fifvmrii'i/.
,
None
None.
Wedu.
in
ast
Richmond,
Una,
S
4th
Thursday
in April,
1st
3d
3d
ith
1st
A lata ma.
na,
1st
Mon. in November. Mon. in Nov.. bitnn. October, 1st Mon. m November. day i;i August, 1st Mon. in Pro., birnn. BndTu m Nov 1st Mon. in Jan., Man*. Mon 3d Mon. in Jan.. birnn. January
in
in
1st
7,271,707
9349,007
3,617,227 3,373.416
Areaaaaa,
l>t
Monday
1st
Than
Monday Monday Monday Monday
Tues.
1st
1st
3d Tot anay
Is'
m
in
October;
1st
Is'
Mon in Nov.. birnn. Mon in Oct., tienn. Monday in December. Monday m December.
Monday
Mon.
in
Decerabi
r.
1st
1st
1st
1st
1st
in Dec., bitnn.
Mon
Mon.
15,784,940 11.042.718
68-1,997
Nov.. bitnn.
Isl
1st
in
Dec,
in
binxn.
1st
I.
in
November.
Monday
January.
2J328.201
* T.
Total,
2m.fl 1.534
rernmeul of Maine
At what time is tlif election held in Maine 7 the amount of iti d 1-t ? 5. Whal is the m at of a hat time is its election held ? ?. When does its legis9 Whal isthi nmentofVerh ire a public debt 1
?
2.
is
the
13
What
is
Id 11. When doea its legislature meet the seat of erovernmenl of Massachusetts 1
;.
?
'
12
14.
Whal
When
19.
What
is
the
amount
*
of" its
At
21
1
1
What
is
if
eovernment of
New
York
'
25.
23.
When
hi n
I
'
29.
W hi
of gOVI llii legislature meet
map
m
'.'.
'
35
Whal
if
is tiir
37. v\
hen
12
hut
ni
is
1^
hi
r.
semi of
re inia
'
government
el
I
of
Ital
i:.<
Mary-
of
n w
of
i1 '
heu
19
is
its
1^ the election
it
the
amount
it
is
Wheu
1
d
is
'
arulina
hen
.
its
l.t
51
71
Which
What
26
306
TABLE
several States
STATISTICAL TABLES.
VI. Exhibiting
number of Representatives in Congress the number of the number of Scholars at Academies, Grammar. Presidential Electors Primary and Common Schools, and the number of white Persons 01 84U years of age who could not read and write, according to the Census of 1
the
the
Busiyiess of the
active Inhabitants
in the
:--
AgriculStates,
SfC.
ture.
C 5
H'8 I 5
S "?
!**
539 198 le 372 238
431
c .
111!
_
Maine,
New Hamp.
Vermont, Maw.,
R. Island,
101,630 77,919
73,
21.879 17,826
13,174
1,889
1,563 3.804
36
13
WO
4.113
82.117
87,837
85.176
Conn.,
New
York,
N. Jersey, Penn'a.,
L6V6T
467
1 .ti .7
(
499 35
151
1.898
16746
511
1,637 1,815
10.161
34,715
14.452
I0S83
16.013 89JB51
1,090 21,325
Delaware, Maryland,
Hist, of Col.
401
1,647
5 313
Virginia.
203
54.147
80
1.995 51 15
1369
ll.OKt
6361
3,866
7,9Ht
12,117
177,l3'i
352
181
20.615 30,717
5.0 J M
1377
7,195
4,151
201
Alabama,
Mississippi,
2,212
i.mi
1,566 1.018 5,66
768
33
2 12
ii liil
96J
li
139,
2.553
Louisiana, Ohio,
197,738
227,739
56,521
3^23
3,448
2,48'
701 331
21,641
728
3,076
9tH
21
20,590
92*408
7.(U7 10/169
11,
255:
S3
627
40 213
13,185 loo
1,173
310
41
215
301
300
2.13
l.Ht
369
U
13
1,937
78
21
Oregon Ter.
Miuesota
Nebraska T.
U. California
Indian Ter.
Total.
3,717,7561791,545
117..
census of
in this in agriculture; according 3. In manufacturing and the mechanic arts! A In In mercantile business ? 1 5 In navigating the ocean 1 6 lu nangaiing nretal 7 In minmauy represJtotat many senators doea this State send to Congress 1 9 ? How many bcltolai 10. How many Presidential Electors is this State allowed 11 at academics" and grammar-schools in this State, according to the census ol 1840.! 12. Horn many at primary schools ? 13. Which State employed the greatest number in agriculture ? 14 In mercantile business ? 15. In manufacturing- and the mechanic arts 16. In iheolos and medicine! 17. In navigating the ocean! 18 In navigating rivers? 19 In mining Which State sends the largest number of representatives to Congress 21 Whir titled to the largest nuniber of Presidential Electors ? 22. In what business ;number of people in the U. S. employed < 23. inch State employs the greatest number in
1.
How many
IS 10
'
inhabitants
2.
were there
and medicine
How
'.
teaching! 24. Winch State has the greatest number of scholars 1 25. What was the total number of persons engaged in agriculture in the United States 26. How many were engaged in the manufacturing and mechanic arts in the United Sates? 27. How mnuv we mercantile business in the United States 28. How many wen- engaged iu theology, medicine, in the United States ? 29. What was the total number engaged in nocean 30. What, was the total number engaged iu navigating rivers A]. Whal Dumber engaged m mining? 32. What was the total number of scholars at a< grammar-schools 33. What was the total number at primary and common schools A, many persons were there iu this State who could not read and write I
!
i
Note. The U. S. Senators and Representatives are allowed e zht dollars per day d iring the session of Congress, and Ibtty cents for every mile they travel iu going to and from \\ ashington.
STATISTICAL TABLES.
307
TABLE
Sheep,
VII. Exhibiting the number of Homes and Mules. Xeat Cattle, and Swine, and the value of Poultry also, the quantity of Wool. Hay, and Potatoes, raised in the Cnited Bfafci, according to the Census
.-
of IS
WOOL, H n. ami roi
STATES.
i 5
I
$123,171
196 107
378,2261
143,231
941.906
911^973
90,146
Connect. cu;.
34,650
1.91
1JU
3,127,047
1,311.643
22.483
200,712
Maryl
'
.:
Virginia,
I
24,618
13,718 171
Qootgift,
Alabama.
llcasssappt,
6t
175,196
"6,969
24.651
1,904,370
1,786317
551.193
88,306
IjOASgOBfi
5305,021
2.fr25^J20
619.990,
,
S
586
7,285
293,608
706
Total.
6,~~
16,529
707
ua&jm
the
1.
Waal was
number of
thifl
ling to the
'
'.be
smallest n
tan suudlosC
number
'
n Wmv was
the
number
of swine
afc
'
lint
<1
value the
in
produced
i
uijin-
Dumber
Mate*
I
idoced
I
How many
"ore produoed in
as
'
tin-
31
Whic
imallea
hual
IW
earii ludirni
.
many
.>
twenty millions]
a
<
How
mail)
h
sHone does
I
<
.,
..n
'
'
,:,.-, i.ir -
'
v.
ti;:
"...
difference
between
i
i
..., it
by the
t*
rui
neat callle
''
I
'>'
Hie
308
TABLE
STATISTICAL TABLES.
Exhibiting the quantity of Wheat, Barley, Oats, Rye, VIII. Buckwheat, Indian Corn, Tobacco and Bice, raised in the United States, according to the Census of 1840.
CERSAL GRAINS.
TOBACCO AND
RICK.
STATES.
3 J
Is*
Maine,
N. Hampshire,
HlH.piH 422.12
355,161
l.OT.i.MV)
137,911
53.1,011
:il.:'-Ji
30
1.2H, 111
Massachusetts,
isi&a
B7.009
Rhode
Island,
1,319.680 171,517
Connecticut,
737,421
Vermont,
2^22,581
12^86,419
r.,2i:ni7
20,64
585
New
\:\V
V..rk,
j
Pennsylvania,
,819
325,018
Delaware, Maryland,
Virginia,
315,135
3,591
3,531.211
10,109,716
6100JO
'
Alabama,
Mississippi,
1,654
Louisiana,
Tennes: Kentucky,
Ohio, Indiana,
Illinois,
212 110
i.di'Vi'
Missouri,
180 50
Arkansas, Michigan,
Florida,
2,157,1
6
30
I
212.11b
12,11
2M
219,163 319 80,6
many bushels of wheat were raised in tins Mate, aceor nsus of 1H:0' 1. How 2 Whal was tin* total number of bushels raised in the I nib r II. >w 1. W lueh many bushels of barh the smallest quan'ity the largest quantity raised in this State ( 6 What was tin- lotal nuiuher of l.mh- Is raised "in the UniU Which state raised the largest quantity ? 8 Which the smallest quantity? 9. Mow main 10 What was the total quantity els of oata were raised in this state 1 12. Which tiir smallest 13 How many bush 11. Which state produced the largest quantity It. What was the total quantity raised m the United els of rye were raised m this state? 16. Which the smallest q Slates?" 15. Which stale raised the largest quantity]
?
'
.
>
'
is. What \\ jnanti y How many bushels <>l" buckwheat were raised in this state j9. What state produced the lair, s' quant produi el in the United Suites the smallest? 21. low many hnsliels of Indian corn were produced in this State ? 22 Uow many in the United States 1 23. Which state produced the greatest number of bushels! 2t 25. How ninny [touuds of tol Which State the smallest number of Im-diels 26. What was the total number of pounds produced in the Uniti in this state ! Which state prod iced the greatest number of pounds ? 2rt Which statg prodnc
'
'
est
number of pounds
29. Is
in tln> state
30.
What was
thi
31. Which state produced the greatest nun; of pounds produced in the UnitedISta'es pounds? 32 Which state the next greatest number ? 33. Which sia'e produced number of pounds ? 31. Which sta'e the next smallest number? 35. To what section of the country is the cultivation of rice particularly confined ? 36 How many of the states produced more than one million of pounds? 37. What four states produced more than ten mill bushels of wheat each? 38. What five States produced more than one million of huthehi 39. What two States produced more than two mil ions of bushels of buck each 40. How many states produced more than thirty millions of bushels of ndian corn each ? U How many produced between twenty and thirty millions of jj. How many between ten and twenty mill oas of bushels each ? 4'A How many prodnc -d more ihan than ten null ons ? 14. What live states produced more than ten mil. ions uf pounds of tobacco each? 45. What three states produced be' wean one and ten millions of pounds e
?
'
i<
STATISTICAL
FA RLE
TAI1I.ES.
309
Cocmtu raised number of Cord* of Wood the vaiut of the product* of Dcnne* oud Orchards the number of do. is of [Tine made with tht Home-mad* and Woollen
I
IX.
he ijuanti.",
the
Goods
in the
<
',
nsu* of 1st
>.
..
B \u. |
-.
*4
STATES.
fi
era
III
N. Hamp.,
.
P
.
hi 1
211
J
I!
^1
1!
257,464
|44a
1338343
11 ii
2,236
ar'S.S
31kS
8804,397
-^
s 2 a
<ao
-
14623*
579,227 90 51.761
M
193
$412366
8*2,172
1,741
Conn..
.
48.660 159.062
32398
94 6,799 9,416
2,494313
_
.
_
.
1331353
140,710 2.319,061 104,700
147,792
.
.
l t70133fi
N. Jersev,
60
1.159
3l0.6t2
1328.032
46 4.01 16,
2365.755 ---
14326
113328
105.740
322
Maryland,
36266
403390
17.16:*
176360
13311
2.441.672
386,006
171.451
1,413342
930,703
8.647 171 12
1,467,630 1.656.119
3.900
1.1KNI
>
Owalhea
*<*-...
:>.
ir. i.
cie-.nr.u.
Airman. a.
33OO
-
y
1
11&423
317 119.947.72ii 217 258,073 737 6363,386 4,317
1
359^85
153.069 472,141 931-363
1,456
ei.m sv"-.
691,456
.
104.01
Kentucky,
.ml. ana.IDtmam,
264,222
183,712
2384
11524 10365
474
682,945 65.190
653 2.886,661
2,209 2,622,462
11290
151.246 685,757
180
1,150J
L848369 742369
428.175 100*432 59.205 301,052 23,094
475^71
110,055 126,756 90.878 10,680 16.(05
1,035
1.853337 1389,802
399.813
134349
81,981
58367
9.540 13,750 129 9,734
Hawaii,
hxkmmm,
6#S42
12. 1 10,533
95 266
125
-
R2ST
isamsra, Iowa,
78.9 54,498
9.953 22.9in
993367 22 1,149344
489,750
1H.955
:
35377
23,609
37
20305 12367
25.966
800
Dwt
Col.,
651
7^04 1387
50
5366
3307
25
MOB
20396366
Total.
61352
therr any cotton raised in this State ? 2 Which State produced the larsrr^t cpianti'v of '' mrh the next lanrest quantity ? 4 V\ hat w .s the total number of pounds - the growing rained in thf <>f cotton prinT How many poondl of silk OOOOOHS: won raised in 'his Slae 7 Which cipally Confined 6 -er of poandal 8. Whal was tin; total number of pounds pounds of .siu.ir were m;ide in this State in. In raised >W which mher of pounds made? ]1. What was the total nuinher of prmid made if WO"d were sold m this State' -' nund>er of cords sold u How many cords were gold in the value of the products of the dairy in thil State 16 li W bat was the total M of tne pr 8 What was the value of the [>roproducta of the orchard of 20, what was th total value of the product* <f the orchard in the United n this State ? 22 Which State produced is the total Dumber of gallon produced in 'he value of home-made, or family goods, in this State? 25. were homo madci, or family foods, produced to the greateal amount m value u uuderstand >y the term the orchard hreadth, and height
1. Is
:
'
BUf
'
'
'
<
W
the
L
hat
38. lu
what
310
TABLE
X.
quarried, with
the
STATISTICAL TABLES.
Exhibitiyig the
value of Granite, Marble, and other Stone* the number of brick and v Capital invested togt Houses built, with the value of constructing or budding them with the value of Lumber, Brick. Lime, Hardware, ixc, and Machinery, produced in the United States, according to the Census of 1840.
una
c
C~
^
STATES.
*|fe|
4t
1
u
5 5
F
16.008
17,H(K
- ~ C C
e
$160,360
68.1.
^1.674
134
|I*J
$'
-
gl* Jill
$621 JS
JTT^ N Hampshire,
Massachusetts,
34 90
69,752
Rhode
Island,
Connecticut,
313 169
6 95 72
1,2-13
:i..-i
1,111.725
New New
York,
Jersey,
I-..
Pennsylvania,
Delaware, Maryland,
Virginia,
00
/..(Ml
c
102
111
101
2.<l
19,290
WfiO
3,000
BOO soo
IOJ00Q
193*408
IlljOtt
_
Alabama,
Mississippi,
_
.
it;
Louisiana,
218
3U.VM)
ti.JU
36,021
1.1
m;i.K.Vi
1,098
po.noo
Tennessi
Kentucky,
Ohio, Indiana,
1
'llllOIS,
Missouri,
28,110
-
IbflX
_
.
11
<
Arkansas, Michigan,
Florida,
Jl
1.141,174
.
2,700
3,000
39
7
i.r*>
.
.
Wisconsin,
301
609
11
Dist of Colutu.
Total.
3,695,884 240,lfiO
8.421)
33
l.'M7.101
en.300
0,451.967 10.9&I5H1
1 What was the value of the products of granite or other quarries in tins State, accord ins census of 18401 2. WhichState produced the largest amount ? 3 Whal was value in the United States? of capital was invested in work l. What amount What other quarries in this State 1 5. in which State was tin- greatest amount was the total amount invested in the tinted States 7. How many bn< Were buill in this State? 8. How many wooden houses? 9 In whal SI 1". In what state was the Ian; si number at number nl brick and stoue hous< s hu ill houses built 11 What was the total number of brick and stone houses built in tin States! 12. What was the total number of wooden houses built in the Uniti What was the value of constructing or building houses in this S'ate 14. in w
to the
15. Wha' was the total amount expended in the ? the value of the lumber produced in tins State ? 17. Winch in value IS. What was the total value of lumber produced in Hie UuiU was the value of bricks and lime manufactured in this State? 20. In what value of bricks and lime manufactured the greatest 12i. What was the total value ol and lime manufactured in the United States? 22. What was the value of bar.! &c, manufactured in this State ? 23. In whal State was hardware, Xc, manufactured to the greatest amount in value 21 What was the total value of hardware. .Vc. manufactured m the Udi ted States? 25 What was the value of machinery manufactured in thi> Si In which State was machinery manufactured to the greatest amount in v the tola! value of inaehiuety manufactured m the Lulled Stales hH] by the term machinery? 5i9. What do you understand by the term hardwa . is the meaning of the term cutlery? 31 Is there an v difference between hardware and 32. What do you understand by the term lumber? 33. Can you tell whether granite or marble quarries in tins State, and, if any. where they are situated 1 tell to what uses granite and marble are mostly pul ?
the largest
16.
!
amount expended
What was
!>
<
<
STATISTICAL TABLES.
31J
TABLE
Mills
XI.
the
'.
Saw and
the
Product* of the Mills, with the atnemhi if Capital inverted the Vaiue of Ships and other Vessel* buill andthe Valw oj Furniture manufactured.
in the sen
ing
to the
Census
oj
L840.
FURNITURE,
STATES
S
<
IfaUllOi
s ~
5
1.
81
1.1
ipshire, rj
1.7:1.
I'M
Klnnle Island,
"
141
123
l.o-l.
15*410
727.440
121.131
unit.
338
3.446
"
1,971.771
341.210
i 1
569i
16,
UJ
IW
1
3U*M
141.320
5"
5 181,66
G0.U0C1
980
28.1
}
133,600
18.430 28,610
1.01
34,450
1.020
8.H6S,
1.310,195
1,931.021
22 522 85/
39,200
576050 30^50
273,350 761,146
211.IS1 84 110
1
19,295
9tf
610
292
1.249 78
2.417.
2J077.018 ,117,618
534,317 91,022
6J.22.1
3301
500
2.4G.20)
10,500 n. 101 7,159
491
20.293 22,491
6,015
1,600
7.S10 28*050
65
121
L89
WJ
125,872
,555,405((
to
5,7 ui
Iowa,
4
75
1
95 183;
1,350
98, ',1
-,;T(i
20.2 V
7,016.091
85,000
Total.
I.
<>(
18401
imberl 3. What was the total number in the United Si manufactured in tins State 5. \N hicb State ruanufiuttHred 6. What was the total number of barrels manufactured in
enst mills were
11.
^ates'
great*-''
How many
'
in
this
State?
8.
Which
I
State
h;il
the
the total
number in the United States 1 10 What was the Which State had the greatest aumb rl 12. Whal was How many nil mills w< re in Which ]>. iat w.ls tin.- total number in tin United Statesi
1.
tiir
manufactun
ite T
17. In
manufactures
in
of rap tal
the
<li
1'iTfiit
nulls in tins
in
amount
*
';'
furniture
in
nil
33.
low
lillioo
;
of
flour
each
312
TABLE
STATISTICAL TABLES.
Exhibiting the value of Carnages and Wagons manufacXII. the value of various Manufactures not spetured in the United Slates
cifically
amount of Capital invested m their manufacture the value of Drugs, fyc, the value of the precious and other Metals and the total Capital invested in the Manufacturing Business, acc^i
named
the
to the
Census of 18
1".
If
= =
:
STATES.
I
Maine,
*-i7i.:n(i
IIS
11.042927
>
Sill
ii.~7t.io;
10.IMI.
1 150.749
^oH.'JKi
356,5! 2
New
Hampshire, MnoPThTiinrn.
Island,
2<2,2i0 nh; 99
1383*
92,045
19v.lt*'
331.660
36,661
Rhode
820,450
.
Connecticut,
5Ui n
182,09:
2.:t*ii.ic
New New
Vermont, York,
Jereejr,
101,570
1,1K-Virj.i
1,397
DM
Pennsylvania,
644.966 560,681
26.1511
ii.JiO.lin
:i.:**
i
i!',n;
r.jT.Hi.--,
o. :i.ji7
n
4i.lr2
Off)
801,601
1>v.'j:ii
249,066
19,074
Alabama,
Mississippi,
139,411
34^46
23*350
15,780
144,347
42.(100
I
Louisiana,
Tennessee, Kentucky,
Ohio, Indiana,
lllli'OIS,
163,135 144.362
78
11-.
208,919
2.1MI
Missouri,
Arkansas, Michigan,
Florida,
20,07:'.
11.000 14100
13,150 5JBO0
1,480
3,112.240
Wisconsin,
le a. District of
61.612 31,446
It
26.162
3.500
500
Colum.
10,897,887
19.000
Total,
5^1,632
31,785,3:. .,
.726,579
- to the 1. What was the value of carriages and wagons manufactured in this Sta imount 2. Which State manufactured carriages and wagons to census of 18:0 the 3. What was the total value of lie manufactured carriages and wagons in in value 1 What amount of Capita] was invested in the manufacture of I United States? 6 v. wagons in this State? 5. In which State was the greatest amount invested 7 What was the value of the val total amount invested in the United States tures, not particularly specified, in tins State' 8. In which State was their value gr< 9. What was their total value in the United States 10 What annum' of capital was in their manufacture in this State ? 11 In which State was the largest capital invested in their manufacture? 12 What was the total amount invested in their manufacture in the United States? 13. What was the value of the precious metals manufactured in this Slate U. In which State were the precious metals manufactured to the greatest amount in value? 19 What was the total value of their manufacture in the United States 16 What was tb< of the various metals not specifically named in tins State 17 In which v greatest] 18 What was their total value in the Uuited Slates ? 19 What was the medicinal drugs. Ac., manufactured in this State? 20 In which State was their greatest? 21. What was their total value in the United States ? 22 What was the total amount of capital invested in manufactures in the tinted States ? 23 What a amount invested in manufactures in this State 21 Which State had 'he largest amount invested in manufactures? 25 Which State had the smallest amount of capital invested in manufactures? 20. In how many of the States were there more than ten millions of do!! vested in manufactures? 27. What do you understand by the term precious metaU What is meant l.y the term various metals ? 29. Can you state which uui ul I is pro duced in this State to the greatest extent ?
>.
'
'
STATISTICAL TABLES.
rABLE
Houses
A.
313
XIII.
:
Exhibiting
f
//.--
Dry C
ipers
(i>ui
'sand
I
other
Store*
with
tin
Lumber
to
Yurds.
also the
according
number of the C
of 18
10,
PH nun.;.
*
51
-9
- =
S 1
5
-
c
1 i
!
-
111
<
%
51.1 JN
<-T
ti
$.n;it.'
m
ii
M
1<U
:
i
(
.11
57
16
105 IS
K>
"
13
...
.
u
in
13.24"}
-
ark.
ki.ui.
.
2,691.17(1
110.570 2,24104(1
l
'
m
Igno
GO
40
B 49 56
Jl
.
"
22
Iti
4.
lit-
31
:rolina.
iiasm
11
41
4
.'
UK
i,l
X HI
16
26
101
h
tji
11
31
121
1,495,100
ft.7W
11
Keattti
53
Indiana,
24,1
E
'
95 78 37 39 45
9
31
37 56 4G
113
3V3.2t
69
52
4<1
(.KMI
Artea*
.
10
.
_
612
16
-
9 28 10 4
33
10
1
-
14
21,
IN
_
'
14,100
.
.
3
11
*.lum.
4 17
119.205.3*7
1.
How
man-.
sordine
hai
in
What wns
lUil
thf
number of commission
ii
uriil.tr
Hie United
in
.
commercial
Hive-
fi\
Uuw
iii.miv
2.
What
ti
%%:is
r:
:i
<
ii
retail
in
retail
dry
in
;i
number
.
Bted
:
in
1
lumber yards.
j
,Vc
in
tins
In
miiiIkt
Wli.it
What
How
I
iuveL<
il
Ki
'
nil
II
314
STATISTICAL TABLES.
IN
believed to be more complete ami accura e than any heretofore published. It is designed to revise it as often as occasion requires, and ;is far a* practicable to keep it correct. the rudiments. The southern and western institutions generallv include students
5w
Name.
1
Place.
| ^
t i
Comnv ncem.' nt
'.
!^_
7
*
182
Bowdoia.1
\'v
Bi xnansjck,
.Me.
1794
i>t
ed. in Seotaeabei
2
;
;.ic vdle,2
Waterville,
7.IKK
2d
1st
Wednesday
Thursday Wedneadaj
liureday
m km
in July. in Au.
;ii
Hanover,
Burlington,
N.H.
Vt.
337 126 10.000]
i.a>t
",
180
**
August.
1834
3.942 107 1.371 176 n
July.
Mass.
"
B
1
dlmms.i
<
i
Wdliamsiown,
v\ mi-,-.
AllllMTSt.l
21
bU
r.
11
J 15JJO0 2d
56,000
li
Holy
130
R.
<
1)
i
Br IWI1 l'nivcrsity,2
Yale."
!
Providence.
I.
176|
V,
613
l.
New Haven.
Fiartftird,
nn.
Thursday in August. September 16th. 1st Wed in September U.500 3U Tharsday in Ittfrnat
i
;
13 Tritiity vi It Fin
1"
1-
nivera.1
Columbia,"
1'tnoii.
I20U0
1764(13 1.170 111
\-\: 10
1
i
low
13JXO
10.000
in 111
th
n Hamilton,
18 Miidi.sou University,* r
i
I
Wednesday eh Wednesday
in July.
in
July.
Hamilton,
Geneva,
niversity ol N.
2] SI
Johns.*
10 1341 10.000 2d or 3d
Princeton, N.J. N. Brunswick. a t'niversi jrof Penn'a, Philadelphia, Penn 2>" 'i.r.ir.l " Philadelphia, nkinson,? 2 Carlisle",
r'olleee of
J. ,8
1
Wed. preceding 'h of July. week in Julv. 11.600 last Wednesday in June. 9/J00 Hi Wednesday in Julv. le 15th, 16th or l?Xh of July.
!
>
Thursday
in July.
mi. h
Canonsburg,
2 Washington, J! Uleghahy,?
nshingtou,
.
"
a
3]
I'iMiiisv!v:im:i,3
i
Gettyabu
Ills',
.11.
tte,
"
"
3d Wei], in Sept.
Last
\\
i
1819 5
11
til
I
nst
Delaware."
St.
St,
Newark,
Wilmington,
Baltimore,
llllltll'tsllll.l.'.
Del
Md.
ith
Wni.
u.
September.
February.
li
Ma;
36 SI John's,!
:r,
Mary'
"
"n."
Near lagenl
1
Baltimore,
1830 12 1842 10
I
:i<i Last
218
M
1.200 2d
:,\*<>
41
Georgetown,
D.C
171
Julv.
Charlottesville, *
loi
1
25 98
U ednesdav
oh
in July.
July
126 136
4? Rundulph-Maooni
IS
BoydUm,
" "
77
123
2d
2.800
1
Wednesday
of Julv.
Kinory and Henry,? Glade serine:. Rector," Harrison CO., 6>' il thany College, Bethanv, 51 University of .N. C. f Chanel Hill,
19
Jane. o in Ji.ne.
in
SO
l
VC
"
S. c.
"
I'll
171
IhuiMlay
31
11
it
in
June.
Mooklenb'gco., 44
Wake
Forest,
24
Charleston,
Columbia,
Athens.
Ga
Tues after 4th Mon in Mar. 1st Mondav in Hccemher 1st Wedueedsyin Am
',on
5H
59.
Kuonv
Mercer Fniversitv.s
Midway.
Oxford.
Penfield,
i
8
li
71
Nov.
((H'ln-ist Col.<fcEp.Ihs.
62. 1'nivers.
'L
63|
Monlpclier 1838 Florida of Alabama; Tuscaloosn, Ala. 1828 9 La Grauge,' I .a Grange, " I83l( 3
35
11
SI
101
6.000
Wed.
after 2d
Mon.
in
Aut.
STATISTICAL TABLES.
315
Ctmtimuei.
TABLE OF COLLEGES,
&
j
..
IN
3
THE
0. S.
fill!, 6
Spring
I
1
I
Oakland,
la.
Lsl
I'lmrMiav
in April.
Grand
b'ranklui,
Cofc
f
-
November.
September.
in
73
Arkansas,
nville,
Greenvill.
i
11
!
Wed m
Nashville
i)
1st
Wednesday
uuisdav
October.
;vi'de,"
1
KiKtlviile.
1st
ubertend
dm.,
Wednesday in Angnst
i
llhlHIMI.
I84t
;
in Juiy.
Columbia.
e
Danville,
u n<l Wednesday in July. U First Amrusr. *> Thiirs. after 3d Wed 1'hars after 1st Wed iaAog.
i
noraday
in J one.
u tuber.
Ohio.
tens,
i
1st
w ednesdaj
nraday
in
in
in k\
Au
nber.
Reserve,
Ganibier, Granville. Marietta,
1*06
**
1
M
1st
Thursday
Aujrnst
Oberlm.
;.
"
ast
Monday
in June.
Cincinnati,
.
1st
Thursday
in July.
uversity,
Last
ctl
"
III
1th
Wednesday
JUiy.
[Jacksonville,
1829
.
in
June.
Thursday
\\
in in
Lebanon.
Si
;,l
eduesday
in S
3d
Wed.
si
ucsdaj
iu
A
in in a
Thursday
luraday
Cape Id
uereity. Columbia,
ratty,
837
liJp's*
....lint*.
die.
>p i!i. in.
r.utli.
Old
Want
ar* the k
IB a ft;.
msCBLLAKEOCS.
John Robinson
-
MIS' EIXA.NEOUS.
-
A. D.
1621
Georgre Calvert-
John Winthrop-
Edward Winslow
William Bradford Theophilus Eaton John Endicott - Leonard ('alvert William Coddington William Phipps- -
Francis HiggBuam
1625 1630
161} I6t7
John Ledyard
isiaei Pot
nam
John Harvard - William Brewster Thomas Hooker Thomas Shepard John Tottcn
Nathaniel Ward nndish John Norton Richard Mather John Davenport Charles Chauncy
S
Joseph Bellamy
Frederick Wm. SatSJbssi John Withers;"
1649
1 1
1670
Iff!
I
Henry
i
i
Winslow Onkes
i
1673 1680
[683
1
i
Samuel G
John
Eliol
i
irton
-
Daniel Gookia
Artemai Ward - George K. Miaot John Ewing Samuel Hopkins Philip Schuyler William MoultrieHenry Knox - Horatio Galea - -
Edward Preble
L7IM
i?or
1807
Robort Livingston
William
lubbard
William Eatonii
.
1 1
%
-
Samuel Willard
!'..
1KI7
John Penn
ii
Beverly 'hureh
( 1
1716 1718
1
.
-
.
-
Brown
-
i
1
Samuel WellesJohn Chandler ohviT Partridge Richard WibirdMesheck Wears Henry Sherburne
William Pitkin Martin Howard
Isaac Norrifl
-
^
i
Benjamin Lineala
tennis
utou
Joel
'
olman
-
Barlow
DavKJ B ainerd
\-
n
Theonhil Zebufon M. Pi
i i i
i
John Cullender
Thomas Godfrey
William Stita James Logan
-
1749
1751
James
l.-iwrence
1813
1 1
Benjamin Tasker
ISM
1815 1815 1815 1615 1815 1815 1815
1817
Abraham Harms
Button Gwinnet
Prince
!' -111:1111111
17
William PeppereU
...
.
2 3 2 3
3
2 3
1
John Morton pinup Livingston Joseph (ewes - George Ross - - Theodore Atkinson
i
IT
1779
1779
1
1781
raj I
. -
S Barton
Henry
B.
MohU
,
Thomas
'lap
,i
Thomas
Lynoh,jr.
3
3 a
8
2 a
*
i
James
Otis
...
-
.
1
s 3
3 s 4
i
Stephen Hopkins William Whipple Arthur Mkldleton Thomas Stone jhn Peso - ThiKs. Hutchinson
Thos. Nelson, jr. Benjamin Franklin David Brearley Metcalf Rowler
-
735
Samuel Johnson John Mitchell - John ClavtiNi - Joseph v\ arrssj Richard Mootg John Thomas - Cadwallnder Cofalen Hugh Mercer - David Wooster- John Bartram - i;io:i/ar
Irthur
St.
flair
-
[star
Samuel S Suulh
-
leton
1819
1787 1789
WheeloeJi
3
i
3 4
1790 1790
SHenrvWard2 2 2
David Rowland
Count Pulaski - - Thomas Hutchinson Jonathan Carver - Charles Lee ham Alexander Anthony Henezet - Nathaniel Creene ihartes "hauncy Mather Byles - - (
1779 1779
I78t.
-----
1784
1788
its:*
Ethan Allen
Thomas TruXtOfl - Samuel Heckewelder Divie Bethune - - Samuel Campbell - Ehsha Whitney - James Wilkinson - Thomas Macdouough Lindley Murray
* Th e m s f all the signers of the Articles of Confederation will be found attached to A those Articles. Appendix, pase 44. t Writer of the Bill of Rights. ) denotes that the year is not ascertained. J The dash ( The Bill of Rights, the Declaration of Independence, and the Constitution of the United states, were signed only by part of the members appointed to frame those enduring monuments. Members of the Congress that met at Albany, 1754. J 2 Signers of the Declaration of Rights. Signers of the Articles of Confer s feigners of the Declaration of Independence. 5 Signers of the Constitution.
*i
BIOGRAPHICAL TABLE.
JTRISTS
S
317
Pocahontas-
Jeriediah Moi
-
Iriok
Finer
.it'll
1517
164
I
Arabella Johnson-
rh<miaa Puickuey
*
-
Thomas Ringgold
Thomas
Li
M
G
Stewart
-
Anne
buck.
Timothy Pickering
-
William
1790
ill
3
3
Hannah Duston
HIT wards
I
Stephen John D.
Elliott
J. ini-i
Mr
Eliza
r -a
Godmaa
L.
Wright
1831
Ann
IH -
Samuel
John
1791 1791 1794
11
2
'
John
tl ui'-
Mitchell Rice - I
irgnretta V,
Faugeree
i
Martha Washing
Elizabeth Ferg
Tucker
-
1832
Braxton
1810
L8U
-
1812
root Ijpe
William Bainbridge
:.l
1833
-
fiiu
1816
1818 1819 1830
>n
I
rter lell-
1834
man
Whitfield
Judith Murray
1SU
1831
Sarah Hoffman
Catharine
P.
Wm
nxgtm
Brown
Susan Huntington
1834
Nathan P;me
Anna
P.
Cantield
-
P:ira
.
.
1799 1799
Lutlier Martin
. .
.
.
1835
Susan Rowaon
im Blount*
i
David Crockett
1825
L826
John
" flin-
John Lowell
!
1800
1803
Edward Lirii Philip Syng Phyaick Nathaniel Bowditch William M. Stone Samuel L. KnappJohn Kodsjers Thomas Cooper Hezekiah Nilea William Sullivan Jesse Buel - Aaron Bancroft
.burn Wilbor Piske Ntden
inIy
-
838
Maraa
Hall
-
1829
Lhiughan]
inns
Hannah Adams
Sarah
18*9
V Hayne
'
P.
1840
PInlip P
.
Bam
Flnii
-
-1. ir.
\
J
3
1311
i'
irnsh
1841 1841
tn
ler
icomb
knW
v
Changing
wa
'
318
STATESMEN AKO JlRfSTS'
5 5
3 8
BIOGRAPHICAL TABLK.
M ISC EL
1821 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829
1831
I
A. -
I)
tlSTZHGUISHED K.M
W MM
[saac Huil
John Adams
Tncnnas
J<j?i
1813
rson
-
Biddle
-
5 6
Rnfus Km? William Few Joan Jiy - Janus Monroe Charles CarroU John Marshnll James Madison
Levi
Hedge-
John Sanderson
Wilhrini
Stone
Peter S Dupooceau
H.
1832 1831
A.Mnhlen
-
1844 1-11
Abel P Upshur
1MJ
1844
Wm
W. Gilmer
IM1
1*11 1845
Erastus Root
John B Nicholson
McClellan
i
I8l6 1847
Thomas lewson
1847 1848
t!
lers-
3.
In the I9th1 l. Who v.. 17th ceidury ? 5. in the 18th J 6. In Ihe rished in the 17th century f 8. In \ ii that flourished in h- 17th century, Ac. 12. Between a general and n comrnan a jurist? [Many teachers will he un man Itbiooi want of suitable district school libraries sioner, mid wealthy
I
i
Who
were suno of
-id
commanders
'
stee.scl
commis.in the
importance den not in the Table 15. Kor whai w catalogue .i statesmen and juntg1
which
its
died
I,
nieu whosi
third, lotirtl
it.
Wnai
nt
mn
of
the mi* of ladies, distinguished 1 Ifi ii*. What should be oar object
6i(. in
human
20,
ki
iu
ii
What
mm
I
constantly
reincmU
The above Table cootsins all the names >f the members of the Congress of 17! Declarat of Independence, and the s of the Declaration of of the oust it n! ion of the United States Bui it should !> l*>rne. in mind, that it contain men that tin a few of the names of distinguished deceased Amerinui ladi a mull itude w h<> were eminently prominent as divines, statesmen, pi physicians, patrons and friends of learning, pcrs with numberless philanthropists nnd Chi tinue sustain the institutions of the Republic, though their names may ale biographj It is to be hoped that more attention will hen living. the gentleness, the meekness, the piety of American ladies, ma) be blended ism and wisdom, so that the young of both sexes may surrey the bv< before them and. animated by reason, fortified by piety, they may. like Elisha of old, the mantle ff their virtues free fnun the f>>lln s incident to humanity, and be inspired wi newed zeal in the cause of letters ami of true WMSBStt.
(
.
t.
APPENDIX.
'us
work
of varied att
usual.'}/
t
most
which
will be
contains
from 8
to
young,
.
lonientous o; those
tion
of
gut
ordmg
ThOCheTS may,
turn
IP I'i fit
to
utmost
may
bt
>
ijicrn
mm
narpuKd exert
o
for com)
umphfying
awl moral poir-rs
u
pits to intustr:
IS
th
;
rcsyons'i
await
tliein in
the future.
ik-binder,
-.
LESSON
1.
I.
hookish. buok-
To margins
Id ninny, as follows
is
2.
1st.
Book The
is
,
irorh
-learned,
*,
well
LaborHe
book-madu
-uill,
3d.
Man
-The
l*x>kstand,
friction.
principle
6th.
Foment
Malt
By
out of
:
motion thp
plasl
possess
of parpeee.
3.
s change
10
have an
EmbroiderYoung
hv-
dist
"li-se or writing.
the Key.
immediab
i,
who
hav.
that
in the
It
.-
rabie
margin
"i
n
ui
never
that they Ik
n
Hut
'
own
skill
and research
.*
:,
;ulc
in"
i-
commendatuyt
beitic
mended
.
merely
man
-<
->.;_
to eJ'i
.<# sectio!
(1)
2
9.
APPENDIX.
Bv
B'finiiimi
fa* her
(
10.
7,
The metropolis
There
i
of France.
6.
is
9.
Synotq/m-explaiia'.ion by a word
10.
in dis-
11.
12.
13.
11.
Patei nai fatherly. generally irksome and useless, and engenders the most pernicious habits. Improvement in literature, science, sentiments, morals, manners, &c. Disjunctive conjunction. Or is a noun when made the subject of discourse; as, "or" connects words or sen.f
tUe
same meaning.
is
No;
it
11.
Ground being more expensive, the requisite amount of room is sought in a e< surface to make room for large families without covering much ground, a few square feet of which is sosoetraw
as
tences.
15.
16.
It is
final
e,
and
many acres m the country niodate men in the varied pursuits of trade, &c, without requiring them to travel over surfaceoccasionally to make more
ll
Johnson's, Walker's. Kenrick's, Hem's. Bowl's, and W ^rooster's, unabridged Dictionaries have been consulted, but when these differed the author has generally fo, lowed tionary, of 1818.
display of wealth obtain purer air and the 2d. often to accommodate families od, 4th stories, 6u ., when the first occupied as a stand for some kind of bu-
Webstert unabridged
Dic-
12.
17.
The sentence would then aver that any oneui my cousins read the work; it now
avers ft of them
all.
LE3SON
1.
II.
charge of our various duties; and inasmuch as the proper trainiug m reading has B better and a more powerful influence over the moral and intellectual facilities than anyotherstudy.it must conbe paramount to any other branch Off edu*
2.
on
of the utmost importance. failure of my exertions ooneult my teacher, or some one capable of informing
It is
with n or
<
r.
j.
Aii orattrt
who
is
3.
mc
presumed to principles of
te
it is
of the utmost
i
in
;
combine
>n
benefit.
4.
An
le
inttl-
ti'tual
10.
18.
man may
faculties.
tl-
a very
tmvidral cuursr.
Menal
It
5.
6
7.
many
m or wn prefixed, in which
compound words,
8.
as,
their se|
9.
10.
Words. Because an means the MBA as the article r a, and is used instead <>f e. an agreeable sound or euphony, when the next word begins with a rowel or rowel sound The article a mOtfl be U*ed before all words beginning with u Umg, a consonant, and a consonant sound; av, a unit, a and the article an must he hoy, a oneness used btoie all words beginning with vow, except soofa as begin with the sound an must u long or I OOUeouaUl sound also i>e used before words beginning with a silent a as, an hour, an heir; a words where the I w not silent, if thsmcccut is not on the first syllaiile. a>, an heroic action, an historical accoun'
i<
i
faculty
l.'ui
n lu> By
t
hul
his
mind.
lH>werso(
tn is
may
also include
-
prisoner
('
.!.
bill
ll!^
rale hint.
t"
m
1
iv.
Pupil
to the subject of the reading less Ihi-ilnpina. expanding, opening. ening. establishing, making firm.
2.
entire
3.
LESSON
1.
III.
Antic means, pertaining to Italy, n apkind of inclining plied particularly to type, tirst used by Italian prater*. Hen -e
I
4.
Italics
means
letters
first
Used
Italy,
and
6. 7.
The in,/, raisin.' up. making lofty. "trengthdeveloped the intel i. /lis if. rns it. and Inherent powers of the mind, tin t on, the judgment, and the striae npauy of arbiters between litiI
;
2.
3. 4.
which stand inclining; they are used to distinguish words for emphasis, importance, antithesis, <V.c. The words emphasis, &.C., are printed in italics. * 8th line, when you substitute tuition for ediccal'on, an should be omitted. Extended or general sense. Scholars. Features; namely, articulation, pause, inflection, accent, emphasis, <tc.
Feature.
gant p
8.
ft
10.
5.
6.
That particular
feature.
11.
Generally twelve or twentf-fimr. Two; grtmd jury and pi fit jury. To decide the subject of litigation submitted to tbeui, according to the evidence presented and the law at the land. Voters may <jcnrr<i)ly serve OQ Junes, but there are some xceptkms, as, a superanuated person, an atheist, <fcc. No; the right* of person and property would be imminently hazarded. Testimony.
(
APPENDIX.
d a majority
tin in.
t
'
lan-
meaning
nj
-
inary won). or \
liny,
time
atfjr,
iiiev
nv
it
ler,
in.;
.
is
nonymous
v i!ii.u,it.
itoral at"1.*
Acme.
II'
rurhtr
us."
...v
rlllV.
I'l. :.:.
i!
>
\N
Ord-hook.t
IS.
ith is the natural consequence of life. The former is an inevitable incident of the latter. The body is the corporeal mat he mind, tin the a the ims parts
.
Brotlier,
Father,
.
Fraternal. Paternal.
Hi
tor.
Watery,
Aq
in
it,
..
as
19.
The
word
is
1.
Tl
2.
By suppress
>m-
pound word
SL
An
op
ind
>
formed
a just
anrun. ami impartial determination. the balance of the word; unabridged, not abridged, dec.
is composed of two simple they are usually connected by a hyphen, as book-oath. As a general rule, permanent < impounds should be written without Lhe hyplieu those thai arc nol pi nn.ii.rnt should with the hyphen. The number of simple words in o:;r lauguas nail compared with the compounds Lite particle "?, whic!
I
I
we
insrv is
It is
all
words
or n gative meauprefixed to aboui four thousand* word When a letter or Syllable is placed htf. re word, it is called a placid aftei
:i
are railed either primitive or derivative in reMinple or compound in reference to their form. Strictly
;>le
Htt-fil
word
y
in its
all
the
Id examining derivative words, tlie fol 1st, the n> order should he observed which the word is denvt il 'Jd. the prefix \ and 1th. the euphonic
: ;
;
3d,
sisr-
i.
N
l
ixon origin,
and the
s.
in
like
manner.
in<r
i.
/;/.
to
OC
I'
answer
lo
trace theit
the Appen.
from
n
::
which
of equal
in itself,
i,
tie
most indusour po
dix.) A, ao. and ate, when nf Latin origin, signth nify from or OSS as a>. '/wit, to wuwjrom irirt. from a/Mam. to hold from. Ail i* ot Latin origin, and a I mils of ten tnd and variations for the si
in
pronnnciatioD
as,
and
all
-
its
varia;
ir
lan-
tions, signifies
to
is
ement
of..,
;
(ad)
ry one.IT
.!
lan-
pur-
opfM rtain,
'1
the
ed by lhe
ldyi:
al
i
amples that
'/
befon
.
umit-
/, g,
"
MO**
.:*
iguo.
Ui r oj
lfi
cation
miy
be obtained
rhyso and
Sw
5,
; ;
APPENDIX.
bisect, to cut or divide into two parts tirmi-wolf, half wolf: semi-annual, half a year; tan/sphere, half a sphere. Co, con, col. cchj, com, cor, usually signify with or together ; con sometimes signifies a/ja,nst, (as pro, for. and con, against,) as rotemporary, living together or at Uie same time, conned, to join together; co/ltjct, to hnng together comply, to accord connate, allied with with correspond, to agree with. Slc. Con; ; ;
being vigilant constancy, state of being constant depeuda;!/, ti ad>?qucrr>. /jny equal to freedom. being freej absence, oesnj away ; has 5'o/e o/ 6^7y innocent justirr, tttint: just; i>nn<7 Cold; precisron, stale o' fmny
;
;
paganism. $ku of sttnsnpagnn; embarrassmtn/, state of being embai sanctimony, stale of being sacred; hnppiness, stale of being happy slavery, lensy a
;
dict,
ami counter signifies against, as contracountermand, to to speak against cornmaiid against what was commanded
tra
;
Ur signifies doom or ./row, as debeiore. scribe, to write down; etetain, to hold from. E, ic, ex, if, el, er, Blglufy out or out of, as educe, to lead out; eccentric, out of the centre ezclaini, to cry out efflux, a flowera->e, to rub tAcit, to draw out ing out E'/m signifies equal, as egm-d stant, out. at an equal distance. Ei yond, as extraordinary, beyoud ordinary. ami m, of Saxon, French ami Greek origin, signify in, into, or to make, n el'-, to put "in a circle; encamp, to form into a camp embold in, lo mnlu hold. G> signifies eariik, a- seode, eai si^i.iiic^ looter, as Aydro-siaiic*, ti" which treats of the weight of flnuls. In is of Lulio origin, and admits of four rariuit,u, tiuns for the sake of euphony, viz un, >r. In, before verbs, nsnadl]
;
; ;
slave; nvalshtp, state o> a rival; the stutt of Imng quit being exposed mas!< ter; orphanage, eton orphan. Ant, ar, ard. fl ST, ist, lie, tve, inerch nu. one or, ster, denote one who, irho trades on r w'io lias an impaired intellect mi>
sionary, r fues; enu iur^r, om toko lias ctiai engine sluden/, on> on' who tenches; arUsr, one who practises
;
Em
an
art
led
opcr.it/iv, on
sj
.
from
debtor,
-
yOUng.
debt
.'
kingdom,
rations
i,
.
Of
to
ma!*
sliort
n-ctiVy,
to
makt
it
augmentative
meaning, to
.
i/luinto, on, or Mpen, as insert, to put ; mine, to put light info (m) snpel, to drive on (in): smite, to eel on ore; vTndiute.to turon light onorianan; in, before all other
p.
>r[\ix, to
iblie.
Should
meaning
the pre!
i
ces,* Iikc
it
sssomee,
re
heir
aiidiatioii
with
meanonally
rived
if
.
sjnomnt, ing, as indecent, nut decern i.><j nut knowing (in) ; ifliberai, not Liberal (<n,, ?//raitial, not paitial (in), irregular, not
.
I
>
the origin of the primitive harn, a vessel, is deh word barque, or the
Infer
.si;,'i.i!i.-.N
amntuj
-
01
Itali in
as
safi
make
Son an m
am
the
Danu
unabridged, not abridged. Ob. with its irny or variations or, of, >._ the icay against, as oostacle, something make 'I. n I, to OOOUr, to run
red, ttiat the corred wnj to leam the true mssnisg Of W old' to mncation the chaug habls to
against, to pOSS
ftr signifies
t'mii.j'i
hi, ajtcr
i
J'o.'i
tkrox signifies
I'rt) s:_-
a'trr,
yw-mendi
BS
/'.
tain from
mid-day.
Pre signifies
;
of the
or forward, as pronoun, for a noun proR* signifies back or mote, to pui forward. again, as revoke, to call take again. I'.'uu signifies God. as TnntTrans si-Uvrj, s odj of the Law of Qad, nities across, SS trons.il lantic, across the AtInn ic r/m signines e/i>\ as ssiiimil, oss
'
m founthe dictionaries honty. make any proficiency in the No oa< use ol language without ihe cowest obser-
which alone
all
liuigu
cm
I
vation.
intuermon
utt
and
cation
all'ords
mguage
the best
lueutul
powers;
.
nxat.
Synopei* of giJixrs.An, wn, iea^ ic, ar, or<,. a/, i&, uw, ish, <>us, <, imply belonging or relating to, as Amerioon, iWefins to America; Christian, relating to Canst; academical, relating to an academy; heron-, relating to a hero; boW, ressfiup /o the sun; Iit( r.//-y, relating to letters; premetita/, r7a/fatory, relating to a preface ina to the mind iuveuifc, Ostonarnptoyou h; iiifau''>/\ belonging to an infant; Soottl**,
nry.
; ;
ai
ilia' iiidustnou.".
or
often
formed or allowed
contribute more to the suocess or f.nlure of youth in alter life than any other cause It has been u the wonls in common
live
meesvi oi
i.,f
prefix
/'
')/!..'/.;
:
to
Scotland;
ate,
r/o//i,
biliotf, /Hloiiuing to
ii.ic
'.!
gric,
betanging to elegy.
4cy,anor,
finer,
70/j,
v.
^7.1/.
rem, stent,
,
many,
ih
is
t
,-
-ii
(Stil
MM
denote
Moo
miy mr^n si if uj toi*?, or /u./ wf, n c ii'M*r of. a. WUff, stutr ^f being rrusief tljstr. /'V a/tlual; oU>,
;
const.-ting oj
oil.
APPENDIX.
plan intended to he pursued i>i" the simplest pus?
aaajj
p!ira.<es
int!i
Time
modulation
da
V
1
in
:.iord
examph bsoa
'
ins the
n.
truly surprising
.
:i^.
in
the
-
and
in
:i
m<
si
ri
U-. w aid
'
mol
11
\\
ade
in
judging of
VJHSM
perly
.
ill
I".
11
lie
ence oal] in the moi wteni t he result of niotion with to sonw kin.
it
From
:
thi
en
|
al
ipi
the
mm
Iht
Lis
ward
!c
from
;/r
mmon
!UP8
.
the pupil.
To
and
with
its
joined with several thoure are mUlioos a ho, te hour of Mi four language.
life in
put : V., Qui itioii 1. pace \dix. Infuse, inlay, inspirit, induce, involvi
I
Emphasismere, fbro
:i_r
of the or bending
1
nformine
their
way through
philological
dar*
Note.
both
have
schule,
rd school,
German
bora
deis
-
whtch
the
5:1:
lof winch
Bserf
the word
-
school, that
lie
at
en'mii of
b
be dtM
subject.
The
pr
I
-
sc/iw
book.
use of the
7.
-sson IV.
Appendix.
tinurr
ject.
m
Essay
containing ..*. Parai/raphthe same suban at'empt to f*tv e a full, and elu-
used. A rhetorical figure, of speech. It substitutes <Jfrct for osaae, svjn for thuvj plOC( for :!- <;V/ for the author ; as, we read Virgu, that is, his writing That is most proper to be learned which should be most constantly practised and rtlt upon our future destiny; and inasmuch as the cultivation of the conscience braining of the morals, and the most sacred regard for the Bible and the Christian Rchyion, have this bearing, tht v are paramount to all othar'stttdies and attainments, and no one that is deficient these iw st win b/e any air tmeitis reasonad other enduring fame or permanent happiness. Divine revelation. Certainly, the consciousness c>{ having performed our duly to God and to our feitownien must solace the close of our career, have and smooth the pillow of death. all sooner or later to die. Christianity is our only refuse. would cease, and the c
: .
am
We
ensue.
know-
No; misery
several parts.
L.'cvythe
a
the consequent punishment Of crime, and though ii m:iy for a lime he mothered, it cannot be eventually evaded.
is
life
of
authentic
1
An invisible yet all m slant ly upon us; all that or even flunk, is known
\\
to <"ir
who
'an knowledge,
bo thoughl
ion.
the aris,
u.
iAf-
acquired
n larucuajfe.
nted
beiUL-v.
ren ami in
.
to the
l
minuu
tfa
our
book*,
letters
in
every
in their
hacvmbenl upon us important to orcumetanoesj H our Maker and Question ii approve of what we are doing
sj
ii
<
v. r
1--
we
\
I.
VI.
Pauseo
nke un-
or rhr-
til
ml
r
condi-
**-** CM*r
oa
Mm.
Ac.
it
the
b't'l
j ;.
Ail
sum
and
are inlteuiive to moral injunctions, >eur r c.usr ii-jUufions w.ia our se fl >hmouui *i at hole writ trough lie heavi in J.-siis Im.s', w:io died to save JBSt such
re-. Ie8 ol u e Uoilipl ii
;
i
and
fraternity, and indeed it is to be feared the whole bonds of civ.l union woul be
1
lo its original
20.
Moral
is in to* ;u
-///
:i
lire in
24.
e are
lie
to
our de
and polities! virtue are essential, but thi -ii w.thout :he universal dissemination support of the Christian religion by each and every
i
may
25
raited
mtu
.
eli ruity
withoU a mu-
BOIL
a in
jotian
goverumeat.
of the
Uie
hilts
of
unstitutitin
..
show
26.
Dial
the yoiiu<
ai
|
wjucb
life.
mature
tiie
laud, the
pre <ira! inn fr ileuth or for tlu COiitlllU lllou of life, so Ii it at any momem we may be prei ared tub*' Miniumed in .1 tin- preseuoe of our linui Jud^e imd
LESSON
1.
VIII.
The
'lei.
re ating
Maker.
2.
J.
LESSON VH.
1.
;.
it
2,
Seven. Matter; that on which any mental operation m performed under oona-, .v reral
'
:
Is
,.
:,
of
knowledge pervading
.
including i>"th
subject
gubjret of
4.
111
-,.
to
i
objec I'Hv
Nonvmatiotthe
6.
'i
ted the
in
..n of to
II.I.X.
til.
.\
by
the
aoniiion. d
appraci
sis-th
ii
from
8.
to
lioin
t.'ie
l.u:
[nestimah
Eveij
--.
pupJ
art to
all
lie
is
embraced
t,
pen
no
who road
of the pnnii
nei
10.
includ-
10.
tree
ily
common
l
io 1 iva
and the
\
d a
poisonthe
its
ml w.is forraerl)
To compare
the
lieved, thai
Km
the qnlr of
tO
lii<
If'
The
to moral and religious book* Bentimeu the pi rusal of which m \ itably renders all a ho rea theai and ui.
.
il
in.
<
>\a\
is
Me-
tonv.n
old uC<
10
I.-i
12.
K.iu sutors;
ini
iucluding
porenl
in, r
I
Jiiir
uiiirm us in habits ol
.
U.
15.
lisqualify ms
I
pur-
suil
Hi. ir
the
oonimoa won]
i
The
Ui
/
'inmraph from
States, in which thoei of the sovereign power is lodge in representatives elec eu by the pi
he immortal
mmd,"2Uh
15.
That a
17.
'In.'
general compact, by which all have taeriy ssrreed to abide by the dectsi m and s' of the whole as one l alj its protection and ex ict.n^ itsuutii
intei
i
th.-
rt
and
VPrUe,
the true
16.
privileges
.
18.
upon all its members. Because it is Ue written evidence ofihe compact between the mi tor linu&e governments of Which We eaea lo. in an in egral
part.
17.
Five hundred a id. Smaller, from the fact that some would be overlo iked, and others would not wish to
I
have
it
known
that
the;.
19.
The
ran'.
18.
10.
ferior
government
local
interests
would
produce dissensions the stronger would prey upon the weakerand perhaps destrny
At least nine hundred tha The preservation of our liberty and the lity of our republican iustitutiooo
virtue ol depend upon the in'. the muted influence of each member of the community. Lxert our ind. vidua! influence to promote
themtheir convn
APPENDIX.
nivai*
of mora) aatl
I
il
endealowing; are
he author has
1
so
in
affirmed thai there is betwi en a and me. he folsome of the differences between
it
1
ard
a and
\ IX.
It
in its
meaniiur
e,
bo
I
embi
I
implies that
in
coav
it
of
bought only a bibk at the sale, implies thai thl notkmy but the bible. ^\ Again,
And. which
.1.1.
be
more
restricted in
.
implicitly,
vation on
'y
thi
ma
i
book,
Ate.,
are
II
.
with in
denotes that
we
believe
implicitly,
Kb,
enibraoi
to,
Lesson
^'.itos.
m doubt upon
I'nl
this subject,
\
union pn
book, conveys the k)< a rxclurive its and rpkaticaihj narrow., down ,,iir implicit belief to only on, Look. 3d. .i is often the first sellable infants utter, wheresisom is seldom or never uttered iirs: by n.
I
and
av n
approv-
appiness, and
our
fir
um
r
i
of
all tlie
inestin
-MM
lit.
Chris-
for the
base
line.
Prei
it
to
modem.
Persians,
les,
Babylonians,
-
irigin to inherent
eans
structv
may be rmnrd
mannzin- the
affairs of a
tal
rules
and
pr
ich individual
mem-
ate their
>>f the natural
I
human
pot* rare
liberty.
is the first letter of the Alphabet, and is consequently a noun. flth. .lis not used hetore words beginning with a vowel or a vowel sound. 6tb A ia IfcM lore a participial or u participial QOUa, and means the same as at or on. as, go a bunting, come a begging ?th. 4 is often prefixed to nouns, and means the sane a-- ,,/, as, abed, ep. Bth. .1 m. iv mean i. as, aboard, on board, afire, on tire. 9th. .1 may mean the same as of, IT, at distance, aside, ttt a side. 10th. A may mean the same as to, as, ahead, to the bead, astern, to the stem. llth. A may mean the same as from, as, overt, to turn from. 12th. -1 ma\ mean the same as without^ as atheist, one without God, anonymous, inthoid a name. 13th. .4 liny be used before onenes>. as. a oneness. Mth. ^ is the first of the seven Dominical s, (a Dominica] letter ia the letter winch, the almanacs, denotes the Sabbath, or dirs Domini, the Lord's day; the first seven letters of the Alphabet are used for this purpose. 15th 4 is also used for Anno, as. .i i Anno Domini, m the year of our Lord. A M., Anno .Mundi, the year of the world. 16th. .1 is used for ("it, a>, A. VL+Anle Meridiem, before o u 17th. A is nse,l for Arts. as. M. A Master oi Arts. 18th, 4 is used iu algebra to reprem nl known qnantiti may be a nonn, as [talk a. 20 h .1 has also techI I <
l
;<
of the
tit
nical
meaning
a
in
Muse 21*
jjth.
is
ii-
of a prououn, Th<
rb,
Lovet
pro
IS
lOtX
!'
Qti
fol
I Q
.u
ind
conduct,
many, da
l
many
or de'.e-
differ*
Kg
of the
WIN
-
Il
lie
ty :tiid
I
u
in
com-
21
It
i.
proa >ua, n
"
28
8
7>i/* the story of Sinbad the
APPENDIX.
hood
another story was added to the Tier house, etc. 29. History. 30. Rela'.n? to dates or time. 31. Chronological d/Ji^u/ties. 32. Contained in the first five books of the
33.
reprimanded
sailor.
False-
fur
telling
story.
meanest
in'.rton's
a despicable application. :iattribute, or ;i?ki] niv. fame is to be BUV rriginal root of sacred may
acquire signifies
.
l>e
either
to blei
51.
To
to gain by
wine
may exclude
gence.
ourvniitioa.
A crim na may
i
l
Old Testament. It had been threatIt occurred A. M. 1656. ened by the Almighty, as :t punishment fur the incorrigible corroption of tin: Daman
race.
It
punishment from the law for turpitude winch he acquired by guilty indulan al>solute T*
their families
53.
was prodtw
;
it
is
men
tributed
.-
and <.t" water, the numerous eonjectni opinion that the wa'ers Were augmented by a volcanic eruption under the bed of the ocean. So great was the efflux of water, that
54.
55.
Fathers exercised an shfl their families, and considered it lawful to rive even their children <:" lifb. The whole cUoo, The destruction of children by their parents under various preteu
St Ml;
56.
lit'
y d
rt
occupied
arning it to its natural chanAll the human nels, and drying the earth. ind all land animals * of each spt by it. tinned with Noah and his family, in the ark built by him at the command of God
Bless-
nuremtnt
57.
SO.
'
Thai of China
Probably Great Britain or the UniU
In a\ China
,i
,
S< for their pn set val ion. ters 6th, 7th and 3 31. Not any, inasmuch as printing
ivileges, tie''is
61.
i*
fam
foi
was
not in-
vented
35.
till
<
By
numerous
counts, the
n
rature
tower, tie
parchment
36.
hieroglj The facilities were limited, the materials wen- mmiv.\ the labor great and Mi saw fit to record nothing tated by inspiration.
in
;
i
we
leld
are
in
little
the pnn-
fovei
ai
37.
38.
eighty
As parental control continued after the families increased, the younger members of the families would authority they had been when young; the original jurisdiction of many eastern monarchs \< bled that of a parent Kings were fi
i I
read
in train-
ing
f!2.
It
thfl
is
in >re
hundred mi 6a The
il. Jt
Liu
eml and h
i-
Adam.
Deprived of natural ease aud h
his
i|
d.i.ii,
SSd
ianity.
I
the
light
of
disobedience of a known law. he was expelled from a State of prum tuoe, andhad the grief and mortification
to see ins posterity imitate ins example of insubordination and declension in virtue, until Licentiousness, murder, and ether crimes, had M tilled the earth* with corIndeed, be v# ii ruption and blood. line so porary with tfa ae depraved thai the Ahuurli annihilate most of tin- race of Which Adam was th> progenitor and the original enrrapter-Hia impressive lesson to us. as he is
\
nt
ns
term,
;
and
ten.h
trail
r.
lom. be ni
lal
rre
rigid
and
le*s
not
+1.
known
irticubtr day in prefen e be univers diy eligible. to Ihetr ; ireti's. in > >m
(Tliiltlr
m
.
sasui
Persona
}'lrnsi7b;.
.
adjective. Xr.jlrctcd. verb. Con-ViFatktrlij, ndj clude, verb. 43. Persons differ in this respect. Nouns and
42.
44.
15.
verbs are generally considered easiest. Oldest direct forefather, Adam. lie probably excelled them all.
In
relatiou of apprent ing a recompense for their Childhood. A> a ijener'i! their twen'y-first year this be considered liquidated their judgment and characters are
.
measub-
In protection, defence, in restraint, in instruction, sympithy. Ate. political rulers, Moses; among 47. Among
46.
many.
fit
48.
49.
Statesmen, Washington. Jesus Christ. Envy. The root is more frequently used in a bad sense. Enviable may be used in
That which deprives the subject of life. Prevention of crime and the amendment
of the offender.
6.
7.
The
distinct proper-
8.
Want
of Lh*
test
of experience
als
-
io
fnbri-
37.
Dm tK
ia
iham, and
from the
and Bug-
IHCUts.
U
quinary.
increased
in
numbi
ind
i'a-
inded not
number
11.
I"
but in perfection.
cised
with
13.
r ami government. struc ive inundation. U. a no 15. Because human capacity can percei?eno
limits to the
16.
1:
mm
Severaldivided asunAn a; pie may be divided into several der. res but not var ens i>< cause all alike. ite Dissimilar unlike. Though our friends are dtjtrrrnt persons they may not be dissimilar, because they a mble each other, 39. cue hundred and t wo (108) year*.The tane o\ commenting tin- tower might not bave been exactly simultaneous with the tune ol OCCUpj ing ia Genesis X 41. The son .f Cush. ;,,] great-grandson of Noah Being i.muI ,.f the chase, bis hunting expeditions had prohai.lv led to the H -i mi.' beautiful plain of -siunar." ami Ins ambition and influence to its
!'
I
Variousdifferent
n
i
o
t.'ii.
vast
for description or
infinite
17.
ia
19.
and
resumed.
life
.
21.
The
erea't
lemrth of
about twentj
i
colonization. His great age, and especially his don attic pursuits, wi re unfavoruble to roving ambition; furthermore, it is reasonable to suppose that Noah, with all pious persons then living, would not be concerned in any dereliction of duty, 43. Because We STB expressly informed elsewhere ol the national location of other tribes or hordes. 4t. In the valleys of the Euphrates and Tigris,
12.
now embraced
(
tin
Kingdoms
of 1\ rsia
45.
rary.
is
eat
tl
separated.
that
if all
A community may
\\
Divided be very
disunited before
submits to be divided.
alive,
22. 23.
Other reasons are expressly assigned for its erection; and a.s the deluge had covered the tops of the highest mountains. they could not have erected anythiug of sufficient height and strength to protect them from another inundation; and had their folly led them to attempt it, they would have laid the foundation of the tower upon the summit of Ararat, and not in the midst of ihe " Wain" in Shiner. No doubt us principal object was to establish a lame. Other intentions mav also
defence, presumption
idolatry.
Because
I
-
precede a
[.int.
and novelty.
n
..in
so.
s
some
4~.
a deep, full
t>f
and advarious
.
my
ad
26.
48.
49.
My hum
:>
mms*ea\
e
if
not
the
Bar
50. 51.
Babel.' Coufusion, unintelligibilitv. The vanity of wishing to have but one nation and on. lie si-:nall\ defeated
It
!t
it.
28.
It
52. 53.
51.
iocs
\
increases such power. generally decreaaei it. Several An entertainer our host gives luxuri dents of psrsdise
of the
Chi
*'l
i
--
.
him
'"
People
Tavernhost furnished
keeper* the
.
him lodging.
at ue.
and fifty-two
SB
<
"
'!
',
ler,
he
lias a
ini keeper saj i ol the travel:id 'he traveller inulord, he has a kind taff."
it
ion.
other
iii.
. <
thought that
it
number
bundrad and
fifty-
10
APPENDIX.
Generally;
find the
illy
seven (1757) years: hut various authors have estimated it differently. thm< tuagiut version, A. M. 7>. Samaritan text,
ape
They most
as.suredly do,
Hebn English Bible, 1666. 1006. Joseph us, 858. Volear Je wis 1716 Hales, 8-19. Uah< putation, 1900.
Calniet, KM).
62.
though
theui
lid le
likely to
Geographical
d, visions
naturally
insur-
ame'ioi
i
63.
61.
65.
66.
67.
mountable; as impassable mountains, broad oceans, <tc They appear to indicate that then should bt: numerous nations, and i menta. The natural rfistanre from the seat <>f sr<>vernment occasioning difficulty and delay xt culive inti tdative and wiili u. c remote extremities opposi elusive objections; moreover. the more ve in" region and people governed, the more exalted the ruler; ami it appears evident thai the Lord designs thai homage should ii' t be paid in any mortal man. inasmuch as those of tin- greatest power on earth have had tin lr plans most signally Nebuchadnezzar, Alexander, Csssar, and Napoleon, a liu attained at one tunc Ihr highest pinnacle of earthly fame. were most signally aliased, and closed their earthly career in the must humiliating and abject condition They have failed from thewanl of virtue and intelligence among the people. but comparIt is undoubtedly the purest he world ing 'in influ< oi her day, with >t,r own inflaen mted States day, the world is not the must powerful, but is fariufenor. The enjoyment of morality and n under a good government
< ;
:
tain.
[I
19
Ui,
Ut)
.'i!v.
iliarly
the
mark
of httlem
meanw
Matthew
even as your Father which
is
iu hi
The
A
1
latter. er.
.
rt
Cord of
|
Hero.:,
1:
-tor,
le is
by Di-
v ne revelation.
I
known with
certainty of the
;
when
embraced the
in
i
poj
i
alons
Babylon,
tic
and marc
led
his
army
its
in
the bed
<>'
md
8 npert.r.
the cap-
city
y,
and
The luxu
Anarcl
ineni
voluptu
\ XI.
i
with
all
2.
3.
4.
r
.
the permanent happuc prosperity of its subjects. By concentre ing the opinions founded on the local information and intelligence of all the members ol the nation, the truth, propriety and equity of the subject and* r ths cussion are elioiu d. and correct dedu ti ins and decisions may result Under Christian governments whei people elect their rulers, and hold them onsible Tor the abuse of power Undoubtedly there were persons of physi-
TO piom. itc
ron
dd no
."
Oil
VIII
?.
18,
And
sal.
Aud
\\
Ol
).
.in,i
dehvt
6.
He sh.mld possess
virtue.
vigor, intelligence,
and
1,
kingdom*
7. B.
Undeviating
ii
piety.
9.
10.
11.
obtainable by all. as were distinguished for valor or ot her public sen Nirarou. Moses, in sacred hist ory. informs us that Nimrod was a mighty hunter, and became a mighty one in the earth. That written in conformity to the inspiration of God and contained in the holy
is
day you
reji
o,it
ol'
a
;
Such
tribulations
\ our and ye
i
ato hnn,
1'at
nciial, a .inn,
i
govern
ecru nz hythi
.
teal,
of fon.
under an
excellence or
reditary
mi',
am
man.
Jinij
ial
Scriptures:
13. 14.
Because the
They were
dictive.
valor.
km^s
are u
As is usually the effect of su:-h laws, they hardened the people and rendered them
refractory.
16.
They produced
them.
sectional hosiility
between
from Comparatively few have loved or made Literature the r pursuit. Nurrouijued by ami tla tery, :. ,n the vutues ant laleuts of their mints cabinets, and
i .
I
;.
17.
luxurious, effeminate,
gion.
Tney wi
re
very limited.
APPENDIX.
46.
47.
11
in
tl
is.
ponded
S
battling
him
:
thai
48.
enormnoa nation d
I
.
en ChristfUcation
!.
and the
oaled.
monarcha
-
to
transmit
"
their
pi
known
their nobility.
-
by
A:
i
subserve
-
__
>t'
plan
'
nil
mankind from
mimandinc
theimmeuM yotfthe
uatimially as
noually,)
u hunger and
:
hum
and drink, so
re it
-i
(taxi
-
immor-
u rni y
being tor
its
.\
ami
ambition are
lo do onto othen a-; are would they should do unto us ;" he has prohibited the indulgence of diacord and strife, and thus virtually interdicted them and their effects, ome intelligent, to ar. they will Buffer thennelvea to i>e led
j foundation.
promote
74.
lh<
and
their
ind the prevention of a ir r it desirable; aud the aheritanee serves to keep harmony pence ial
!>
ta
alike
thedttr
indus-
try .nnl
that are
All poll
Among many other texts, we have the following- Isaiali. n }. And he shall judge anion- the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall heat their swords into plough shares, and their spears into pruning-hooks ; nation shall not hit up sword against nati thai] they learn war any more.
.
t.
are the na' lira! and inalienable ruins of the people, aad all ralera are only temporarily einf)l.yed by
:uto
.;,d
lesson
1.
xrr.
The
1st.
hereditary des-
tyranny.
-pec by
r
.
following aider is prohnbly correct institution of marriage. 2d. The punishment of crime. 3d. Then of ihe righJ of proj - have generally retained their ice, bal varied esseutiu.iy in their
The
details
Inder
I
'.
3.
Marriage
eu exhibited
it
sometimes ifbus^
>
1
deleirre-
generally rec ignized, hut in .rainy is allowed vain one country, are in another punished as crimes. and tvum generally aanctioned is. in some
is
lowed
places,
l"n< fttdoubtedly.
>ra
community ofproinii.,
lo the people.
<
er-
:i;itnml resu
to
imp
e are
-neuce
stituted
La
their ob-
The raien
.
the employers
m.tte<l
m
mid
punishment.
;
by Cam,
Of the
penalt
rm no
arilig,
JiissiI,,
ix-
led
spondin^
nate. re-
graded, and
bly div
ad
In ;m<
in
and
mo
lorn,
i-
y bleed*
and
10
11.
At
..
As the
sal
28*
14.
for rest and n li ions worship, onT pursuits should be religiously devoted to Iti Physical relaxation is absolutely neceseaiy to the perfection of our bodily hea a necessary prerequisite for those rel gioua exercises preparatory to that eternal subhath to which they tend. Several powerful nations have renounced the Christian religion, profaning the sabbath, but they have invariably met with a signal overthrow. The progress of civilization hasincri
be step
itf.
Fbmutbi
>is.
tides
tl* b
I.a-
The
hi
forms
Drmcmg, man'
,.
their
15.
their rigor.
drcwing timber. An youth from virtue He succeeded ing profi! by the enterprise. The
i
-
life,
an
cially the inflnence of Christianity, have measurably extinguished t. life, and subjected men's
;
and mviohbiUty.
tacre-dn
They worship*
Engagements 3
lids.
Sac..
to reason.
'
not
adapted ro the present state of improvement, yet then- fundamental princi on the immutable basis Of jusl must be reverenced and copied hy the adof
17.
several
cttgageTnents.
Deeds, several
We
le
man
all
Coming
or
36.
t..
judged by onx4ttds\
m<
.in
either
r tlrst
live
hooks of the
corse.
'a
18.
unabridged Dictionary of
1818,
20. 21.
OpOO them, vnrymr. of conform tune, place, character and imitate th< 1st urea aim our judiciary consider laws nugatory a hich clash with the Divine law ine mBecause th< y in
1
mennii
in rlv
used
in
ition.
Tins
iv
one
.f
thai hn befa
sometimes of Saxon or
both cases
it
rn
-
<
ongtn;
in
-
la
an
augm
I
'orr
the
prill
in- Hn- Latin >n. which word for "a. o "disionally r-i
tive
ti
its
primi-
of
to
In-
augmentative dh sninr, bui m is always inseparable, adjective of which nn is I used v. ithoul i's pn
burn
M\, but
r>f
in Lutin on,
;
m
mouth
:
paratery il often ha \\ hich are inseparaiile in parable in the languages from which they an- derived on, id me 23d line, menua weighty, and has an augmentative n
i
only.
by cer-
tain ceremoni"
pxsiui
the gnmior
It
:i.
23.
21. 2.\
of the has not s negative meanil both of the latter examples, an is bn is only one <f 'ho ol Latin origin. many instances in which words, In -heir modern usage, have a meaning eitl different or even directly oootrary t< their ordinal signification. Coudition or sate of being; as society, condition of many in a community. Im, a prefix. '/V. an affix. Prrfix, placed before. Affix, added at the end.
adjective, yel
ing.
The man was m imminent damn ther instance where i> fbrnu a I'-rt
.
to lh.
the
j
is
rnbnl of the
In
which
delivered
in
esencc of w
arknoMi
ih
he
made
nhli?ul
.
DUgh
surrounding a
Mi- ei'y
ire
not
ends
State o' hi >n>/ notorious. Slate of being valid. 2(3. 27. The prefixes and affixes are not uniform in their meaning.
28.
It
Il
has not.
is
of the considerable cities of the eastern continent have itber fur ific tlioos or rates, rs Paris, Pekm. Ac btk] sunsa oa our own continent, as Nlexic i,Qu<
< . -
Many
29. 30.
not
ion. vet.
it is a constituent paitofthe primary word or root. Usually before original roots; some words, however, contain two or mi affixes, as con-sub stanti-o&ry. Notoriety^knowlfdift and no'oriety of the position that 2+2=4. Has valor has become a matter of notoriety.
MCtkm.
It
meaus
i
on or upon the
n
-
is
in^,
but
when
is
APPENDIX.
tally
f
13
-
has
-
"lit
nsfrp.
G'i't\\]<
common;
s
>t
vd ami
glyphics,
i
obtaining a permanent
title
to
irticular part.
sonBUg-
v,
and
to
which they
oil
and boundanea
I
their se-
s ~n civil rule
lici.il
'l
harmony
in
and
that
km.svn
rik]
observed,
.,,',,1
ami executive,
departtsive
83.
ami
nl
Vrlv of Ins
,
ass
ile
patrimony.
d produce sr
v,
functional
The uiatun
which
tlOO,
oiJ,
yours
;.-
Poetry
-(
nrnf>T
derive their sustenance, either dior iudirectly, from the earth, it .* thai ;i majority in all -. their tirm culture; an, reason and revelation alike thow certion 6ir implishmeni of vital objec asion and enjoyment of
proper
58.
g r
li<
Over or down.
I
"i
c,
I
hum
1
imulaul
exertion and
unwea-
raw
7Yaa*Atlan1
ried labor;
.,.,11,, t,he
the
mix
\il.mtlirough-
si
utru.v
nuinbera alwaya resulta from the le and permanent of all prong open for competition and ihe
>.
1
modes of o>mmemouf
61.
it
industry,
.
men!
Moses,
in writii
i
extravaji
ulic.al officer in
-
temporal nmdia !
rmauent
lenders aupinenesa, indolence ami depravity, ami \ duinoI'hc undue proportion of seed by the proprietaries inks rule over the popula legradaits uaturaJ attend
;
i-
an
7 limit.
nd
lite.
id-marks, the
66. An_-
From removing
or obliterating those
unuV
'1
hey usually
.ion!
well as
"
ieral.
-
can be found
.:
il
aud
unually h*; by
\
land-
tUsatpuletl people
con
hyphen.
71
Those
I
W
q
ri
to unite
tioiw,
I'
compouud wo
the
last
'
72
ayllabli
of a
lim
liable
room)
of the
73.
them
axi
requires
11.
'>
1
the
77.
0:.
Muvcmfrit
tms
was an importaut
slrp.
14
96.
APPENDIX.
fictitious,
to
Homer were
fact
3.
Extensive
tions, iiC.
communities; as
states,
na-
and perma-
4.
5.
A noun.
Of the
plural number. See Lesson V Question 4'h of the Appendix. By changing y into its.
.
99.
own
for
6.
4,
pages 3d and
7.
8.
At death, the law of nature would permit the property of the deceased to revert to the common stock, the eagerness of those at hand to grasp it would occasion strife, and tin; quiet ol society be disturbed; to prevent this disturbance, the law of inheritance was interposed 102. Peace, exemption from external commotion; trow] mil if ij, calmness of mind So-
9.
10.
li.
12.
l^.
14.
15.
w:ts
(r/nif/iiil
in
his
chair,
tin
while
Xaullppe very
the room.
103.
much
disturbed
relating to the rights of proper y. real and personal. lot. Need, \\;wii Necessity, wan r , indispensibly pressing;. ere frequently under the wof going without thai of which we
iv
1~.
before, previously. Aiu:iys. Pre-mise. to put before. re-oo\ believe before /Ye-destinale, to fix in its most eitended application radee the no
it
per-
l!
er
.-
'hm?
in-
in
ani:i
We
more emphatic by
t
i
dis-
stand most
io.
r
)
jq ntni. to Ughi upon somethiu cover, to find what before aiisied temherg morales' the ait of print
Lin
a,',
Gut-
10.
saing
the institution
lumbui
ushed
20,
Tin-
in nir1
it
latter general]
r
than Oemtit.
!>
use
<>r
i>nt
,n social
not verman
107.
Patrmiouy, right
esta'e
"'.<,
derived
I
from
or
23.
.':i
i'
virtue might
iL'hl
iitii.
derived from
108. Devisee.
]<19.
l<
person.
tl
quests,
ills,
insti
All history proves the imperfection of man nature and it* to sviL
hu-
prune
by which
law.
I
formed
synonymous.
lio. nights, 111.
he must
priviI
live in
for
which he was
j
.
Compose, to put
thoritativn ly
t<
;m-
sanction.
i
112
113.
1
14.
'I
Code and book of Unas, aa used, Bjnx nymous A negative, equivalent to not. be same.
lack. lsliuicnt
nay
right,
l>it>
and
115.
118.
They h;ive been changed from time to time to conform to the exigence i ol Civilization. New pursuits, di scover ies, inventions, im-
simple
nai
u
ithin
those
110.
pcntnl.'
want of physical or
inefficiency ans-
ul the pacific ins- it u ions of Christianity. Jesus Christ. 121. In the New Testament 122. Injustice would cease, and with it all its penalties and their infliction; arrogance and liMUsrhtiness be succeeded by modesty
provements ami the prugresi <; tion. and especially the introduction
ing n
2T.
28.
malformation.
For
'I
120.
comprehensiveness; man term lor the human sj hai man. in embracing social
its
ric
.:
relinquished
20.
It
is
not.
:is
30.
Inasmuch
society
by his Creator, the laws of naUl made in accordant Jehovah, a:. d man never did and
n
t
any
:
rights
independent
the horse
is
of his
reator.
i!
condition
m
in
pood
their
LESSON
1.
Xill.
all
The
generally-received account of
Infallible,
past
2.
exempt
ContingcHce circuital runmia'icnl inflect ion nf nouns. 6lc. 32. Not in every point oi cqn 33. '1 ley are burn of color, form, robust, sickk. Ac 34. That they have equal claims to the protection of society, and equal pr.vilege of
case.
.
APPENDIX.
ireil
15
to
for
mm
bill,
The
which
i
n
s
.
nee
to.
When
the
bill,
after n
President
i
'
law,
86
.
In nasi
thai
mutually
.
tier.
.
9.
hey may.
will hereafter
MltlWOQl
tinu
i
1.
representation in lb
liab
K \
in!
largest
to the
oa
snd
se all
the Cmtt
.
ttoraare hut by
.
as
slatures of
!:;
tl
s
dowd
Divine law or
3.
\\
of the
men
raid
its
Undou
be
and
we
Many
ut them from time immemorial, and others from the organization of the na^<
neiubers of the the Union. ea The United Stairs senators are always by the State legislatures for the term ol s.x ye irs (unless Other* vacancy occasioned by death.. vc ) ins representatives in oongress are chosen directly by the usually for two yeni i
:
i
of their representatives
71.
lorn, if ever.
m hole hmlv of the population, CitiDing all aires and both sexes zens those freemen entitled to sutfraire. Governed and rubd, synonymous. Laics written s'atu'es rules of government
M::its.
lic
decree.
ev
'
by pub-
in
any manner.
irvtions
i.
framing, conie.de-
means tne
75.
represe:
>:
itof the
different opinions even on the most important subjects, and one of the excellent traits of the constitution is the freedom in the expression of sentiments. pots, like all other human tribunals, is liable to err. and consequently to pass evil laws; but if the people are intelligent they have the power eventually of rectifying the error. .-e laws are often passed by one courepealed by another. he wisest and the best men. Generally speaking, they are the worst; and lie history of the Roman republic exhums s striking manner the danger of
.
f.iul
i
itors.
the senate.
ile
76.
Man
sen
Is
two
D the dm
people of
Rome
I
wilh
Hiea-
luxuries for
ers in the
-
house of
i
IS
re
ihrown
u
-
entitled
to
sen
bat.
rani
:.ius
Li
to the
whole number of
iwer thai
em;
in
lor. in
-
return, th
oi
<1 tbe.r iutoricating
I
their
in lred
and
s x
uiik
to
era
i
-
who
rimiuate aggrandize-
77.
Undo
ML, t.otli
at
i
mce.
home smoug
"f Lhe
he does nt
hi
16
no nation can consider
a
79. 70.
80.
APPENDIX.
m
ijority
its liberties safe of the people are ignorant.
if
99.
By enormous taxes
to support in masmifi-
That no one has perfect liberty. With the utmost fidelity and patriotism.
In the people.
100.
the
81.
Power given bv the people to one of their number, to act m their place, and to the best of Ins ability for their advantage. The word deputize is never used in EngAmerica. land, but it is in common use The English call this word, with some others that are used only in our country,
(See the Biographical Tables in the latter part of the volume.) 104 From the Latin, palmn ; it originally mennt superiority, victory, or pn*perity. The branches of die palms were foratarty worn
101. 102, 103. in
:ls
the In
rise
Americanisms.
It
returns to its grantors at the expiration of a stipulated time. They have been the slaves of tyrantspreyed upon eSM3h other m s anarch v and generally lived without the full enjoyment of the blessings of Chris-
the plenitude 106 Literary and moral or Christian p)V a combination of people distinguished for firmness and solidity "f union 108. Christian education imparted to
i
i
tianity.
divfeJ
in its
ar
).
Education
109.
110.
To promote
Of
all.
86.
Because the Americans sue ssfulty resisted the most powerful monarchy of the
they formed a republics!] :->vernmenl granting perfect freedom in the enjoyment of civil and religions rights end because thither the oppre sse d and trodden-down millions of Europe look for light and for freedom. Thai BCieUCe which rents of the r duties of those Who make ,, r ad the law, and those who are governed by and generally of all the privileges and it
:
They
world that
111
are iii theory, and they should be preemineu That we not onlv praise our illustrious ant
tliat
we
iron
and exhibit the Iran? of republican ii o imitate their wisdom, and aim to trans112. mit in unsullied parity the incomparable iiislit ut ions they ton lit hey should he pun Ij republican in their
in
notions,
tin
immunities of cilia
,
uMtical
ii
An
oi
:auity.
thai
which
1.
< prinih pends on abstract The theory of music is ;i science; ciples the practice of it an art. S aies iii winch the exercise of th<
LESSON
Ik-
-\1V.
DUsjm BDfsjcta to I/trtptahfv signifies by one another having no regularity The iitparitu Im-tween David and Goliaa render the success ml the forn
|
Greece,
ini
in
letters;
in
roe
and Rome,
nature
is
Carthage, arms.
in
comthe conditions of
a
men
tin
is
because the
fact isgesjpntlly
conceded thai
BjOSJ
corresponding
happi-
human
the
same
always has been because the reasons th:it produced the ruin of Other republics may. if not pro Of overthrow our Cerly hi
iiion
2.
J'jnnnint
is
rm
jt
in-
not
>
prevent their own subjects from desiring a republican government, and thereby retain their own hereditary power and property. the Tinted The large number of people States that can neither read nor write the prevalence of Atheism, and quently the want of moral or Christian principle, would also endanger oar liber-
To
alw a\
U
one's fault
it
i'I
gt
rm
is
of reproach.
In
poor
t
an object of
i
pity,
In
For
signification
3.
It
'
tiie
ndtx.
:e riaii'a
to
render Un
tin u
ties.
is
now used
sil
95.
96.
Their immediate personal interest undoubtedly bads them to wish for our disunion and overthrow. As philanthropists, they are interested in the perpetuity 01 our institutions; but either not rightly understanding the true tendency of our republic, or not wishing to offend their sovereigns, they generally extol their own governments and disparage ours. We should always be tolerant it is the
;
Jiiou
we
would
that
ally retain.
Qml means
to
have
to
which we return BO
BM
I
To
re.noui.ee
all
own
6.
judge, and of inflicting punishment u,>n others for real or sup|>oscd mju Precipitancy, the want of kuowli
nature of man to err; we may ours* Ives often be in the wrong, yet think we are our institutions allow to each entire right freedom of opinion. The want of moral or Christian principle among rulers, and the ignorance of the mass of the people.
:
7.
To
Jt
talent. force.
is the substitute for a noun, plural siguihcai on equivaii
is
b.
9.
and has
Admmutter
sense.
generally
nar.Uin adm.n-
Thus
APPENDIX.
isterrr:
I |
1?
ran
isl
bad
il]
-v
,,r
manf
r
%
preceding one.
i
Many; Ul Spma
aa Men
.
definite and
nin the hishesl
i
may
be
I.
Ml
1^
,
p!
"I.I.
,'
,|.
,.|
od or third
rfn.
wisdom ami
.
n the
boodn fa re ace
6Ui
[a
..
23.
s
The
slrumeii
.
and
bead
country. ara
-
m-
I'ue
on ther-
cerued
HlUC
n
.!>
rarely have
mil.
em
s
'in,',i
bera
i
Liquor forms
implies
l
-
injC
(bushed the
aidi d
nas. nal
>ii
knowII
dryx
.
. I
j 1
>v\
m.Ur
sht>Ui
-;ivur
of all to
thorough
rucled Lue master i<> lirn in the mibt plain ami inn rI I
filings
MMlS tuilv
art,
unsubdued
their
:u are happi-
calleil
conquered,
two
ujli
2d.
h'
inny and perfidy of Rome. iUmttruMi risea far above the ceUbmted
.
terra
I
Law
i
it.-
or
The u Howard
philanthropist
i>
%
_
-
means
Uisi
.
of faith,
it
now
an
l
pursued
SOU
!!. had course for a bmg ben, one day, detected bra di<l not ch:irxed liim with it. Imt
i.iiun
of hostility
!
tins
ni*t<itoiis
know
custon
-
the
(oil
<
x nit
'
uonthi
/
'
persons an
only.
It
The former
is
may.
of
Law
alphal
LatioQ, all
m
it
y
-
ice
were
h
>
il|
ened
-
the prefor
I
rury
ll
to
ma
-
Vl(i'
''<
1/
d:if
'if
II
II.
Is
ii
:.
in
.
IO
n M IlO
I
It
ill
<> lie
i
As
relates to
Dumber,
of the dominions of
7.
fully en-
but not
e<7?/a
form
duct.
and
uni-
jo.
jh.
d "* habitsare an his sense of justice is not only equal to that of his neighbors, bul he i> mora exacting of himself than of any one else. fo/vr is the neneral term ;stomalh is a mode of power. The strength of a oat.ons armies often give r Lite /"/(/(; to subjugate a neianboring weaker si See soc ion 10.
Oar
friei
sonal m'ens *tly to speculative opinions While John conifshd with the landlord about the charms in the hill. Ins father and duputtd on the advantages of Koch contention.
.
pso takes ofthe nature of counsel bI'okbMm r. and has n-.thiiu: >f command hut dictatt amounts to even mors than
,
;
and display with expn tmii. and mostly to please ourse. > mostly taken m a good, different sense, and bad one To say nothing of his aimsani and ctaitrtnptuous demeanor, a emptiness by candy personal adornments;
Hiii
command.
coarse vou
18.
will chet rfiillf follow the prescribe, but.al the same time,
I
9.
lo.
cannot suffer my brother to dictate tome. Method is said <>t what requires contriviinrc;- Arorfe, of that wioch demands
prartire
aiai
habitual
..<
attention.
The
39.
10.
sat* of method of an Hi. ii tuis and warding. fbnn is tlie general term, cmmon* iaa 'I he nmmi us form. ilar kind <i very n uj Mhhi mmedamsm luainted curious light to with its i< Equally means alike ; ,! " '">' '" ll n 'I he latter mural sens.By <! serving the
swordutnster U
holding the
foil,
hut a l'i nth lean <r>i)f,>ts his sense hy near dn ss and unassuming conversation. See section 3 Agriement appliea to rrasasaefioaai of every description, particularly lo such tween individuals [-covenant, to compacts n communities, commonly to national and public C" lenii*>t( Dliat Ms mi t the ne\t mrrtrmnii and concluded the rotrsffsf.
;i .:
n implies
is a
am horitat
i
support
teal help and co-operation, hut require authority. The Presideul saneed by the
*
>
on per-
things or persona
On account
movesoreva
walky
..I
:i||
it>
pai
Otl er.
restricted in his quarterly allowance hy his father, Henry's power to squander ed that the necessary forethought exercised providing for his
11.
Ottjeci
i
sanities that for which Wfl more general, implying the ouaeonv matiou of oar a isl.t and endeavors. w a
daily
13
It
mi
\>
wants taught him frugality. leaves each one m ttutu ante Irllum,
MM
hi
which
it
cannot propel
42.
lv
accon
plish
any
ot iectvi ith1
the
1.
VI
ir
t.
out kc< ping the ran Honor is the approbation conferred on a man by other?, comprehending
See section
16.
We
All
a
rational
nam
:
that
which
notice.
materia)
tin-
tok<
val
; <//</n/|y
i
is
men
nckntWttltje
I
he exist-
worth or value
tor
from
hid.
l<
LESSON XV.
1.
Abolish
of former
dn away
is
Of the necessary
tions.
or fundamental
law of na-
abolish
mon
;
proa
interfeiei.ee
ish
is
positive
2.
Principle
is applied to thefadioal parts of A tlimus ; precept, to rules lau' clown. supeprecept supposes the authority of rior:a principle, only an illustrator. I
is
en.) loved
lo
would impress
it
upon
>..
all
Both convey ihe idea of superiority in the countenancer and ranctioner; hut sanction has more of authority. Pe rsons are
countenanced : things, swtrtiouni cannot gancton Ins acts on account of their
shantelefsness. you must not expt ccuntenona him. Change, implies a substitution; after, a partial diffi rencc. To pursue your journey
in safety,
frit ndship oi her tinned peace has abolished the unnatural enmity between the In England manna the art of grow ing or
coming together
;-
4.
IS.
you
will
have
to
Chhkk your
5.
horse, and alter your wagon. You will <-ase to he lespec ed. if you do not alter your Conduct and <haii(ji your residence. Of the positive, or intei national law as
comprised
6.
in treaties.
Monarch
refers to undivided power, hut does not define its extent; eavenign to ttie highest degree of power The extent
,
r lie act of |mh;i[ things into one. and union hapjliuess <>l mankind. To impair is njuring An injury may take place either or by an it straining our eyes, wa impair lh< blow urea them. section fifth. on is always used I had asion in which one has recourse to Bona; screen or shatI
>
:
ter.
Persons
who
APPENDIX.
stelves
in
-
19
!<
mar
-
a regards
.f
not
The
in
won
rather,
ind bark.
are
<
common
name
:';.
p
.
sailors
I
instruc23.
i
were
.
while
33.
every depredation
tfceaTU
<-n 6.
is
a robl
to b, Pr\
u>
the future
!
.
furni.thrd,
order
Ins
../
|
The march of
irtntda-
him with a
fef
bed, in
that
jour;
'.-I
-
hi
is
in
34.
Of
n of retirement or of inferiority
of
par", in!
using.
We
must
employ whea
re use, bat
we mar employ
ea to i>er
will nn/V/->
.
dollars
-u
a
36.
to use
your owa
thfcrrtio* p:iri icular
low porch and through a narrow doorw ay, we dewere soon :n far U-maih the surj irtn, Lean a more familiar word tiian per1
i
-iven
..d
me
wrong
in d.
general
in
raart
Judgment
am.
and
Sraoust
in signification port, determinate. Harbor affords little m -re than the kk inchoring place, hut port oatn nctoaure.
much mora
-'
up by
storm
.
*'
<*reat Britain,
33.
r. ;m
M
MtmmhaL ah 1<
-
an
mm h
racial lustrucr-.al
A errcamai
re-
Hce,
the
with the <ir.-u*U(nntial narration of John, hut the mmute description of Henry afor
tit
to
take his
danoi
n 7.
r>art
ntirely
on one
His dJBpttnJfiOB is J r molly, like a friend as anucuble as nis in.iiiiier is friendly. 40. I'ursuc m is prosecute.
Both mean
cutin,;
I
to
eoatinue
rule, or in a particular
manner.
In prose-
down
ike of a
-
in this
-
book.
i
mark of p
ith uiso:
triumph,
might
tins sanction
I
rears af
u$n</*
I,
hut the
A
>.
out
not cusin
it'
the.
fulfilment
m
I
32.
a parti-
All shn*,
'
rank by pers
0f >in
to
ttOoo
2J,
Lrwos XiV.
20
45.
APPENDIX.
10.
See section
service,
.
may be used
in
46.
A demand
question,
is positive and admits of no whereas a requirement is liable to be both questioned and refused. It is unreasonable to require of a person what is not in his power to do; and unjust to demand of him that which he has no right to
12.
*rive.
when the latter implies removal of one body by means uf another. The bearer of a letter is he who carries it in his hand. The idea of a transfer is common to both; the circumstances under which this is performed constituting the difference. After having had judgment rendered in his
47.
distribution
4g,
19
50.
Commensurate is employed in matters of ;adequate, in equalization of powers. Unless ;t person's resources are ad'qwtte to tbe work he under' will not be able to give his assistants a commensurate recompense. See section 11. TitM is the generic term, and is taken fc the whole or a part :Sao* m mEcooomiee your nave, tor portion of time. vouth is the season of improvement. Ormtdemr is the general, and ma<;wfierncc they differ in degree the particular term when applied to the name ohjecta, magnificence being the bigheet point of granSuch wealth as falls to the lot ol deur. litany may enable them to dis; lav oeandeur.
;
favor, a creditor may authorize the magav trate to empower the officer to proceed gainst a debtor. 13. See sec' ion r>. 14. Uoth exclude the idea of chance, and pre-
ertiona
i>t
irticnlarly
used
man
15.
mendaiion of a friend
applying for u biau
for one's own personal eiel obtains a situation through the p-comhe piocu,<
;
To make known is the idea common to both, but while we may declare we can proclaim only in a public man declares his opinions m society on
'
what
but riot hint: short of a princely fortune gives either title of capacity to aim at
has
proclaimed
a &
a
is
applied to what
is
seen forcibly,
mind ;
LESSON
2.
XVl.
striking
upon the
m
ishing or
term
generic and term specific every a determine s word* arieejoe w e behold the grammarian fixtw terwu on the nature of ejorat, and the philosopher weighin
Word
is
is
in
it.
.
liiic
U rm$,
-
MOUS applies more j:irt magnitude, ainl oa [usntity, ami number calculation, but the enorm magnitude not onlj known, j but every thing thought of on \\ nen we reflect upon the vast number of
,
As
l
me
Roman cmpi
at
tli
wonder
km
this
bad the
a 7.
me IU
motive, and
esaw, bat
n motive
4.
See eection
'
'!.
is
negative
rate positive.
it
when
bad principles will
h
buy with
Winn
b.
(
details
in w may be
'owUenance
indefinite.
?.
ami
good mai
led to coiun
Aim
and sutler
I in history are innumerable; the most noted are Sylln, Manila,
witii rigor
7.
8.
with patience more than human. See section d. ausmssthm that which engages our attention; concern ia wlial inten
-
sar, of the Roman republic Danton. Marat. Robespierre, and Bonaparte of the ;a ; anil Arnolu, of the Ame;
prospec s.and condtiaon,advantageouidy or It is the bu n otherwiee. to manage the concerns of his client to the
i>.
republic.
best possible advantage. Factor is used a Limited, and aijent in a general sense. An agent tianaac sort of business a factor only bnvs and sells on account of others. Attorneys are frequently employed as oujen!s to receive and pay money, transfer estates, vc ., and sometimes to" bring defaulting factors lo
country shows Lhal those who are lite fondest of human butchery and war are the greatest tyrants, and, hk Nero, they He and llaller the people till they obtain powai.
WII.
1.
account.
10.
means
t.
to
eft)
See section
or indirectly, without
11.
To
spot
bear is to take weight upon m 's self; toosrryis to move that weight from the where it was consequently we always bear in carryiug, but we noi al-
we
ways carry when we hear. That which cannot hear easily must be burdensome
Bear, being confined to personal
2.
to carry.
ricanountineal is surrounded by oceans; the earth is tlie atmosphere. Apprize is derived (roan the French prtser, and ad means to prize, to ralue, and us synonymous with apmram to set a value or price upon a n.
passed by
APPENDIX.
i
21
s
apmris,
i
iiinl
means
t;
lo iufbra
and
us work
*
al
lied.
1.
22.
The
mm
a T
mprehension
of the Drvim
from
t:,e
alio tf
an
it
is
one
to
aw
and brought
pn vent
.
until
N
to 2.
l.
win.
n
T<
sas
3.
The
the Bible.
dist
n band
m
4.
It
1498. is Car
more
enligfal
at
a Jjs-
.ii matters that admit of a variation. in produce, but his trcjhc is exten1
1
usbed
utterly lmpos-
'
but
gally
<
ade. and
is
a combrmct
i
mm
m
6.
i
2.
and
s
le-
'
Tiic oppressions of monarchical m -the innate low of rational uberty enterprise and philanthrupy, wei the causes; but tor a full account of this
thought
?.
absorbing
of the Uo
It
it
pr
:i
A contract.
I.
12.
Refuse with a
is
unqualified
and
accompanied
the highest degn prison ment, the meet excruciating ami the most cruel capital punishments
hi
was
le
in
what
8.
from motives of
but
rect
if
The
liable lobe inflicted in every country Christendom. universal dissemination of knowledge and the possession of true Christian prin-
m
9.
10.
were
way.
;
11 B</h words imply direction of sound to an object but naming isoonfim d to sound; calling i> said of any without soutx namms. but we canuot name without call*
to attract his
my other manner,
:
coUUd
m
15.
5.
set forth by way of iUustration or instruction rffffftmcrr are adduced for evidence or proof Every instance may serve as an example, but every example is not an instance. The Romans afibrd us many extraordinary insi devotion to one's country, bul ample* in must other respects are not to be follow* (1.
;
'
Agreement is general in ita application. and appln description A simple agreement may i>e verbal, but a contra*-; \b d legally execued. The boy paid lor the
11.
of the
mode and
is
deration
i
oj
cordii.-
cni
i
lands a
16.
subsist fr years
12.
a
4.
mark
&
s<
ctiou
rbs,
two
ea
iciple apre,
in
the G3d
adverbial
casing to be the
same
ai
ill
human
diniis.
urn.
iker neighbors.
i i
>'
:.
in
i:i
<
"inm
hi
22
guments were unanswerable.
18.
19.
APPENDIX.
To be able as. " make the most of life you may." 7th. may happen. 8th. To express m\ mag we never experience the evils of war. 9th. To have bhertyzx, hemiv go home. <Vc.
'1
He was baffled by the volubility of feated. his opponent, but not defeated, for his arSee section
6.
When
things are spoken of. embrare regards asrtcresr.ite value, quantity, or extent incbuie, individual things forming the whole. Besides embracing a commentary on the constitution. this book inrludes a great number of contrasted and illustrated
is used in its w tended sense; it usually del four divisions of the year, ;.Summer, or autumn.
i
i
4.
synonyms.
20.
Renal
like
means
a king.
pertaining to a kinp,
kinofu,
He
sits
in
regal state
with
21.
In many; 1st Sourreas. the prmrrples of action. 2d Foundation as, on what prncan this be affirmed as. the principkl of mora truth Tenets, whether true or false ;is, the prmaples of Christianity, the prmcip
22.
ries, designed to foment jealousies among the American colonies. Multitude is applicable to all kinds of objects, a' res! or in motion; ROOTS*, to animals m a moving state. The passing and repassing multitudes of a great city have been, not inaptly, compared to stearins of bees 23. Jealousy* the fear of losing what one baa; fnnj is pain fell on possessions of another. Ming the ens* of all nations, America should regard kingly interference with extreme )<aimisy. 24. The indignation and resistance si throughout America by the pass.;
hometatusm.
is
5th.
a principle in
-
human
which
is
nature to repel
in-
stil
5.
Prom
infrmoe.
fi.
7.
Latin in and J'ramjo. See section 2. There is more caution or thought in con
entering,
iiv)
more personal interest in rt-jarilHoys have often regarded dm business as the sa na ikim; a fortune, without having duly considered the
numerous
8.
liabilities of
d.
fa
See
seciioii
appraremre
-
as.
25.
capacity, but support had borne my by means of for a long time, misfortunes with manlhu but was ai'out being overwhelmed, when, by taming to the Bible, was not only reassured, but effectually supported. 26. Lite expresses more of reseablaace than similar. Willi respect to mere questions, many books :ire fnUl'ic BO the American Manual, but. if we consider the Bmrgmal
;
Stamp
Art.
I
slot ajovernja
tritfa rough Ifh T.rtnnal show rm, having the form rt mo ng na. if is a mere
'
:
a.s.
determinate shape
sis.
* the earth
was
without form and void." Tih / he took on him the fbraaofa ervant,"4cc in its meaning. and applies to a complex
form
is
i
27.
28.
is
Mr
it.
mr
DJM
-mvo as
which
)h'
is
applied to
wIm'
post d to
The
29.
permanent occupation of the conquered Chinese provinces would have been a lasting disgrace to the Britisfa name. Convention and nvelino are more nearlv synonymous than most words of this class both signify en informal assembly ventions. In-wcvrr, are called to discuss or propose some matter of domestic or political interest, while mnttThjs arc held by those baring common business to arrange, or pleasure to enjoy. During my lengthened sojourn enjoyed myself verv much at social mee tings and had also tlie pleasure of attending several conventions of gentlemen, held to take into consideration the propriety of repairing and restoring, as far as possible, the beautiful Gothic ruins of the neighborhoodl
;
the La-
the
preposition
following
depends on the nature of the pre) n b, and whatever hai any power is consequently dependent on
red from and literally under; and, by a parity of reason, whatever ear* any power is subservient to that power. For a further illustration of the am propria*.- pn positions in fbUowing verbs.
that
,
the
bat in
sub and
srrvia,
mean-
nre, SMS,
participles, noons and adjectives, see the latter part of the A ihoold Ih'
LESSON
1.
XIX.
See section
1.
2.
Several; 1st. May is the fifth month of the year, according to our present mode of computing time. 2d. The legal vear in England, previous to 1752. commenced on the 25th of March May was then the third month in the year. 3d. May is metaphorically used for the early part ofli'e. as " lis May of youth and bloom of lustihood." Shakspeare. 4th. Afay was anciently used in the same sense we now use maid, and
;
I
mind, that many words having 1 l>e fbilowad by parand thai tin n casional exceptions to the above rule but a correct observance of the mean borne
in
prefixes will
12
13. 14.
t>e
of
much w
mining the succeeding prepositions. See section 4. See section 5. Because convey is derived from thp I-atm O0H and vtho. winch means to carry; and whatever is carried must necessarily be
conveyed
to
some
pit.
ntly to
is
5th. to
To gather May. 6t h.
Prorotjue
means to put off, and u the general sense, deferring for an inderi-
illg
in
public.
tins msi
ittonal as-
difference aa
w&mnm
-
16.
In
rtghl line
may
l>e
hon
lieular,
i
had apprehended,
ion
1.
the horizon.
law
the just
laws
beir
-.
own
ri<jht
?!
I.
MOIltV Of or imaginary, in the i and implies hatred, and soinetim s --ctnitempt, or the act of d< by Dr. V a moan opinion aflb
mind,
r- ,i
the
1
thai
;i
"
thing iuaj
is
1
l>e
ton conteni
Most
-
w.iv
from
f
St.
in
some
with
iinmii!.
ral,
outward side-
-as.
i
a piece u Let
10
term. with mi
ded
:eil
a stry right.
11 h.
7Vr
and
ii
transactions ut
even
description
; a comcommunities,
i
ni your
i>
in"
t
he
made
:iu
agreement to discus
(if
il.
laud.
civil.
>n B.
thorn i -
as,
an
1
.t
mi
rs,
is
m
M
more CTtendod
lowest parts of anv structure, undation lies under ground, stands above. The ftmmda urn ports some lar?e and artificially "ids a Bim iIq pillar. xsu of the low monolith marking the the large elm-tree, under which William Penn made, with the tribe of Indians-, -the only treaty never
ire the
i
22.
In tbe pi
rise,
namely
.
wise
men as,
taught."
1st. The name of a plant .a.nations. used in cookery and miliar, soned He drinks swje tea"
r
;
Hut few of the Grangers who sojourn at Philadelphia ever visit Kensington: fewer >',ll make a pilgrimage to the above humble memento of an art so i'ar-rearlun- m its
is
broken.'*
conseqm
ure.N bul none neglect Mia: magnificent ' home of the orphan." Cir ml olLege, which stands on a firm and massy
;
<
23.
2d. Prudent as, " a sage counsellor." 3d. W"t. as, " sage ai\\ -unA patriot :: -ports and del and its inter' n mean: origis to fight in the
foundation.
buns
of
ite-
same
a distinct
acoepta
applies
only to the outward conduct .n strain, to the desires, as well as to the external ''onduct.
e,
a hero;
a bravrally
.<
;
and fkuralively
.
in
the
tr
:..r
16.
Strain, Unwil]
SSON XX.
1.
By
tru
'
-s,
Oct.
U.
1774.
3.
The
prttenrf
r is
not so
from try ; in Latin, tento, Kxp'ruwi, or in mine, search has been tried, serves to had us
I
to
moral
know
.
it
to be
xperience,
hut
an,
'
i
ut
liter.
the
th l;ne.
7.
Restrain
means
to
to
keep
24
19. 20.
APPENDIX.
bis seat,
nite, to separate.
armed, defied the robber, retained and kept bis money. See section 9.
21.
22.
23.
21. 25.
Change, in French, rhongrr, is proba] rived from the middle Latin, enmbm, to exchange, signifying to take *ne thing for another; altn from the Latin, otter, another! signifies to make a thing otherwise. The scholar, in using this book, is at liberty to change any marked, or in (act any oilier word or phrase lor another, provided that by BUCh substitution he does not materially alltr the n "In tins manner," or "on tins wisp." Revere is denved from the bat in re and vereor, and means to regard with fear minte gled with reaped and affection ;- vene ra is from the Latin eeissror, and means highly to regard, reaped or esteem. noeensA maj be applied to human beings. On account of their character and endowspp icable to inaniments, mate as well as animate ought to venerate all truly k<"><\ men while living, and to rem n tin ir tueinur they ere dead of the oi the meeting and iid continents * ' 'i imc ami again,'' again and again," and " more than
,
cm
c/arus.
;
is derived from the I^atin >U end and means to make know id of mouth or bsh we m by writing. Avow'n from votfo, and m< knowledge and justify wi ..or si word of moot
;
vidua
arc
war; individuals
avow
con-:
theii
seutimeota
.1
2.)
tion 16,
13,
1
1.
3.
con-
liouslv hinia
;
iijhi
<
uier.
injui
Several
soil
1st
l
fl
m
ilh
/<
will
Iz-sson
'
XVJI
your coal a
duel
lldlX.
ot
Clesea>--eelected, but
gown
has an
N
'.
tam*h
ot
imi soil.
6th
Mould, or
oil
the
iilatiam
reducing
U"U><-
to
teat nothing.
Dr-
m
m
BtrudUM of a
mat
m
I
>l
annihi-
2G.
Question
div.
words
the 191st,
192d. 193(1, 19
Emolu;
206th, 208 h. and 209th lin< Bidered definitions the designated word* in the 189th. 194th, L96th, 197th, l99th,2U2d and 207th hues, may he considered synonyms the designated words in 196th, 200lh and 210th, maj be o as words and phrases conveying m meaning of the text, yet tM WOIUS UBSd are neither definitions nor synonyms of
;
I
solartes.
li.
many
stales in th
perquta
for pur-
>r
ambition ;ot/tn
Strictly speaking, those marked htrtare no synonyms in section 11, but if one phrase conveys the same meaning thai another phrase does, then those plira-es would be synonyms; phrases, as well as words, may be synonymous, and for advanced pupils, composing at proper tunes synonymous phrases OoaatltUiOS a most
t
the company by conversation. The merchant, sa his forgot he Was w Upon the :is applied to manual apparatus. In their
1
:
his
27.
interesting and useful exercise. important battles were the battle of Lexington. April 19th, the battle
application,
/<
"'.
a contemptible
LESSON
1.
XXI.
2.
July 4th, 1776. By the Representatives of the United States in congress assembled.
3.
The
proposition
10th, 1776,
but confess wisely took time to consider the subject in all its bearings.
4.
5.
See section
Destroy
is
useful auxiliary. The tools of the mechanic are the ms.rnm>nfs of his A brawling politician is the toot of an intriguing den andid. or an eloquent and ingenious orator ; instrument in effecting the objed ofa party. 39, 40, 41. 12, see section 9. 43. riuntlrrftlciirrivd ruthless lagea stealthily obtained conquered citiea, and rapacious soldiers pillage their private dwell-
instrwnmt.
1.
ings.
44.
Brethren men
thers
ral tnothers
stnio, and literally signifies to pull down, to demolish ;<iisso!ve is from the Latin dis and sotvo, and mean* to melt, to disu-
children oft
Bro-
may be
same
social fraternity.
4?.
It
was
men ami
Committed
innocent
i
10.
cannot be
d<
may
ator;
'
I
who
XXII.
12.
1st.
To jwascis
it.
upheld out
SS
-
have mislaid
N
which he
thB oufHnr.
The
til
latter
the ulanning
it
To contain The
I,
ticolari
isome
d
of the
bill
dil
not
rims
Ik.uik!
public.
5th. 1
.*
'
.
13.
<
omiiioii d.ui_.
\t
14.
.
:t,
lo
l>e
pe::
\6.
siirn:
-
your
as
there riven,
it
17.
By the Admit
tcntr. to compos?,
which
I,
it
the generally
is
complete
d its*
int.
and rerj
eased by
my
13.
'1
In end.
i
a ho
4. 5.
-v
system.
-
ration.
re
:i
undis-
inadequate to the nation d government. CBOSe tlity form a compound noun, and ted by hyphens, winch show that the words are to be taken to
bat,
-
heme within
;'
ier.
lands
'
passed ooft of the possession ol along with tin of the United States m the manner explain*
\ a.nlv," "to no purpose," "without effect." In the congress of the confederation, dor-
imr the
The term
-
and
At
thnst
dent
manit
at
the
minim
aeld
6.
iii
and bo
bbc aoothe neighborhood of the
-
ba
:
more
stfartap,
and
I
il
Advantage reap-
nnsic
mor, and r.inve21.
'1
tbi
si-riutii-s
ii.
1
and
find
the
ii.
a)
great
25
Thev
are.
The
m
l
t-rm
aaiiml-iy kl an
/arrif'
i.iv.i
in njatheni
win.
It
Case
8.
wuuld have
the French
'
ed a ludicrous
|
liberty
Adteu
is
gross OOJ
"Pif as,
APPENDIX.
3d.
Deeds are often rnproswd on 'parchment. To talc- in undue quantities as. Rulers sometimes cnaross the power of the peo-
in
mo-
ple,
4.
ft v
<fcc.
mark of more respect, and carried wiMi it more immediate authority; moreover, it would be disseminated among the people by means of the newspapers.
a
It is
wns
5.
See section 2
;i iiguratcra expression, and means that should be read in a prominent place or places, so that each and every individual in the army might understand it
6.
it
7.
There are two kinds ; first, an aggregate corporation is any number of pen ma authorised by law to act as a sniffle indi-
vidual, or any society having the was] capacity of transacting busmen at s single person. Corporations have usually the power of filling vacancies that occur in their body hence they continue forages, unless otherwise restricted. Si sole corporatioa consists of one person ,.s a bishop. only and h H. See section 3. Whok is used substantively here, and denotes the w hole h Ulg. At the tune 10. From the British ftuiiament. of the revolution, all forms of
;
'..
is an instrument 5th. Applied to persons The governor, the agent of the British crown. mi instrument of oppression to the colony. 22 Because congress, previous to lie a! of the constitution, only one body. 23. Adapted is derived from the Lstin a and signifies to fit, to make suitable adopted is from the Latin ad <>pt<<, and m to take or n one's own. tajitrd to We ha our wants. The skilful husbaudina
A law a A deed
in
rals
and
contain of conveyance
writing.
24. 2o.
all modern improvements in agriculture. Nee section ft Monianent an outward and visible remembrancer memento a mental, oblique inuendu of memorial A hint, a significant wink, may bt ut solid mate-
rial",
are necessary
it
'ion of a
mmnimmt.
on.
is
in
thi>
In
country
T-atin offendo,
that they
sr<
re in
RmrJsnd
the
Bn
i>ii
(of
ami fendod an
Bt,
:i
Parliament all matters of great importance, and ettpectslly those which efiect body of the people, sre usually n
to insult, to hurl, or
'in
wound
-
an-
U.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
committee of the whole rules of Congress, at the present time, are essentially the :ts thOSS of Hie Parliamenl of England. The cliaruiau Uf the committee of the the speaker of the BOOM whole ri-es re occupies his chair ami calls the house It may be remarked here, th it to order. committees of the whole are sometimes very noisy and disorderly. he sense of he en!i:e assembly is bitter The members are not reascertained. stricted by parliamentary usage, because each member ipeaka as often si be plessai See section 5. To avoid tautology. Matters, bj used in the 90th hue, signifies the entire bosinesi the resolutions. contaun d Because to is the appropriate preposition which should follow Ottght: COStOOi has sanctioned the use of tkomld without any succeeding preposition, and the addition of to in the latter case would be ;u> improper as its omission in the former. 1st Instate ready The minister m paiin-j his sermon. 'Jd Ibjb The farmer tapreparmg Ins ground for the spring. 3d. The author is preparing his To adapt book for schools. To provide The ants are prrjMrtfW their Winter supplies. That it might be written in proper form and with due care. It is the business of a committee of the whole to discOSi simply general principles and block out the work.
a
tin?
MM
posed injum
rions,
s.
In
-
'
shoot
lowed by
'
irit't
in all
ii,
2!
In
its
or
comprehill.,
30.
31.
Question
11.
lit.
Charyod
the
.-oast
of Sicily;
it
n
i
t<
its
present
int of
'
tionary.
32.
AsUstvs w a fibrous mineral, usuad white or gray color. Tin- finer b have been WltlUghl into g which are incombui
formerly used
now employed
safes. 33.
of iron
18
19.
It is, both in this country and in England. Because the resolution, on the 10th of June,
under consideration
No
reso-
34.
35.
36.
trope. A trope is a word or i used in a different sense (rum what it properly signifies ; or a word its original signification to another, for the sake Of giving lift or emphasis to an idea. To s.ners, in the 186th line
lution can be considered passed till it receives the legal sanction of a majority of
Treason
They
an assemblv.
20. 21.
Of.
1st. A tool Axes, hoes, and hammers are instruments of husbandry. 2d. Subseri'unt to tlie production of any eff ctA bad man t
are usually so considered, and in the eyes of the British government all the leaders of the Revolution were guilty of
37.
answer
to 33d question
"
3S.
A metaphor.
5
A metaphor
is
wo
.
comfort,
4 or bad,
th(
line
S
_
ill
i
.
i
our >
i
om
naval
bv the
brail
will
ss
ny that
occurred duri
.'ii
by
American
t.
t:i
l\
these
and of CoL
amen
mj
-
tiled.
><
utiiuei
.
\X1I1.
quantity,
may
place, aacfa
ad bj a spot or
ie
preamble.
i
1.
.<.
a mean
I
report
is
con-
17. lb.
repotatioo
is est
plied to things
more immedi.
.
natur
and
b
life.
cperienoe avarkken
pmty through
from
among
others,
% (1
and
with
VH c
-
maj
7.
choose a book out of two. Put we from a p;trr. library. Distributed is a general term, meaning allotted to several; apjjoifioaed signifies
.
l.r instance, "I know the pl/icr where my ancle a buried; but, ai he was interred by strangera, who neglected to mark his grave by a atone, am unable to designate th< See section & fttony any crime which. }>v the ancient law. incurred capita] punishment Bread peaceany disturbance ol the tranquillit] ither with n or an individual member the community are both general, inol i" cluding several particular eases or varieties of crime. Those guUty of Jekmj arc public offenders, traiton to the commontO society in an nniniiicut degree: those guilty or simple breach 8*001 have offended in a less BggTamannerand agamal a smaller portion Murder, arson, dec, are JdoBty. nirs; assault and battery, riot, Ac, are
dot.
1
i
8.
a wise prince apportions to each of his minis' ers an employment oited to his peculiar qaaU.e business thus distributed, proceeds with regularity and exactitude. Actual is applied to the thing done ual, to the real u> he imaginary. Put few, if any, rtnl object* of compassion among
i ;
I
19.
tself.
whether
vote
told or
"
10.
qut Ml Class n
r
om that
Spctch harangue, oration. D'hntf dispute, controversy. Speech is the abstract term, and primarily implies utterance deIxitc is concrete, and signifies both apeak\ utar and disputing with others. simply an address; a dih.it? iaoj A speech maybe an adtested diacosaion. dresa to an audience; mdebak may he a >', discussion before an audience. me, rfahati two or more speakers. conveys no allusion to contention, a \N.ir of words, and but aV sometimes angry strife.
;
order.
order.
Men V>eDunne
worthless
20.
We
"Behold,
class,
from
all orders,
macy
action from
sient,
1th
.
In- duty performed. Office siffmfies either or the situation in which the Jul formed. An I t.is*. or BOUM performance; B chnnje im ability ;we have always a n< thing to do s look ii> r in
-
'
ing
ir
: i
youth
till
tiie
moment
rary.
transient
ndmg on
St.;
the inten-
cowrinnatiow
LESSON XXV.
.i>mj
juuietiria
by a varn
'.
..-.
o,
cotupouni
bo
...
Uteral
to
una manner
h^ more mprebenI
Jafaeaer
jen-ral.
and nearl)
a lied
very careJe-v
n
,
28
;i
APPENDIX.
word
usage.
in section 10
diflfe
good scholar, an excellent John, who is draughtsman, and Lfaw jc an e.e^ant penman, was also with the party.
3.
ll
ring
from present
means
tain.
again,
to.
-rvecomudcr, to consider
1.
LESSON XXVI.
2
a
4.
5.
I
6
7. 8.
Je/journ, to [or till] a day. Adduce, to (/rflto to ; eqjuin, to join *o ; adrnir, to s^nd /o; advert. to /ur?i /o, <fcc. Disapprove, art to aj'prove. It means not. It is prefixed to the prefix ap. Dmgree, noi to aqr<r ; duallow, not to allow ; disbelieve, not to beluve ; dislike, not
to lite, Aic. It means before. ready] before.
means
See section 1. Or is a cun- raction of the Latin nr. a man. or is from the same radix. It mean* an agent, ;ls elector, an aijent (or man
Actor, one \\Im acts ; creditor, one who credits ; governor, one who governs, or the agent for governing, <fcc. The words choose and choosing are spelled chusc, chusing, and the word two-thirds is given thus, twothtrds. In this lathe Constitution do< for in Section 7 of Article I. (p. 125,) the parts of the word are writU
tiro thirds.
3.
4.
9.
10.
Five, as follows
times.
rr-j
its
12.
13.
convey hack or to its former place, 6lc. See section ft A mawffsto which is a public declaration
to
;
made
by
the
siipn
me
authority
of the
slate, setting forth iti claiming nghi for itself, and appealing to the civil-
ized world tor the rectitude of ita U. See Leeson XVIL, Sectioa L 15. live, as follows: provide four times, and promote once Insurrection is a general term; r tconrding to the in i good of nature of the power against which one rises up; rebellion is more specific, and is alw ays taken m lie had sense of unallowed opposition to lawful authority. reckons in America, at the beginning of the revolutionary war. were i natural oonsequence or the usurpation of unwarrantable authority by the Bntiah government, winch pfeaecd to style them rebellions. Some political truths were maintained by
t
A natural (or na'ive) born citizen of the United States means a person born within the hunts of the American Republic; citizen of the United States el the time of the adoption of the Constitution foreigner who was then an inhabitant of the country. Washington was a nativeborn citizen of the United States, and Com. Harry was a adoption of the
'
ulinn.
is
I'v-iive
7.
An Ofth
sou
sal to
i
God
what
and
is
reis
nounces
<>r,
In^
if
it
favor
is
if
the declaration
t
a promise,
lie
'I
God should
is
be
fulfilled.
I
Takiiu
not called
it
.\nn(1i
malum
is
a
l
solemn declaraics
tion, made
wm
of perjury, by persons who conscientiously decline taking an oath, to which, in law, it is held eqoh alent. As the witness declined taking the
who engaged in the insurrection W at T> ier, in the reign of Kichard li but their movement failed because the body of the Knulish verse to them and their principles for obThe rebellion winch cost vious reasons Charles I. of England Oil lite, pn the throne is an insecure scat even for a
those
account
ol
headed by
.
to
adm.
10.
i&
19.
Eigiu.
Four tm moni are counted namely, advice, and appointment the singular and once in the plural form.
Ten.
Fifty-six square miles.
11.
20
21.
22.
23. 24.
Eight miles square is 8x8 = 64 square miles, of which area Blsquare miles would be but the length of one side, a mile in width See section 9. CapitaIt denotes act of, or state of being.
ate of being at a distant It is ued to deplace or not m company. note any distance indefinitely, either in the >.\ n, or country, or in a foreign country, and primarily supposes a prior presence. Recess )s applied to a wjthdrawa remission or suspension of business or procedure.
25.
tion. the act of numbering by the head. In eight, as follows: munition, importation twice capitation, proportion, enumeration, regulation, and appropriations. It 'means to. Appropriation, the act of making, or the state of being made peculiar to.
During of the auenl multitudes who visit the metropolis to hear the debates, the city of Washington has B Comparatively deserted Bf
I
12.
Ah
26.
a prefix to the prefix pro. It is originally ad, which has many forms, for which see Lesson V.. Appendix, ante.
it is
In this case
13.
signifies from or away ; unseat, (ens, be.,(-/ away. Rt aruic; recess, (rrdo. to go, \c.) a moving >I back. buck, or stsil e See answer to question ol of Lesson XIII.
-
27.
28.
See section U). The term imports in applied to that which is imported or brought into a country from another country or state exports, to what. is conveyed from one country to another. The trade of a state ;s in a nourishing condition w hen ths exports exceed the imports.
;
ante.
II.
1").
3.
t.
16. 17.
29.
There
is
one.
is
30
the only
place of the Kitu. dec. 1st A voluntary deviation from In several the rules of moral rectitude or of pn>as. The vice of druuKenn Iiriety )epiavi:y or corruption of manners as,
in place of, as, viceroy,
,
means
APPENDIX.
.
29
trick-
sy. Ti
An
iron
I
or
wooden
press, with
ith,
ttatmU laaj is thai enacted bj the lerisUtire power, and promulg recorded in writinr; called, in detail, stain
used
carpeuti
holding
and
riled
it
to
tion,
denriug
its
authority from
the required
am
1.
menu
judicial tribunals.
to
n
j.,.h,i 1T( ,
by
Ban
Li
principles
In
sc-.
be
found only
the
n
ial
.
trrnty.
deci-
turn or stipulation a bargain is jection was made to the tilth art: the hill contained many articles He d.i\ not fulfil the conditions of the second artsek of nor agreement. "i\. A. point Lh or doctrine, or a proposition in
.
or a condi-
a law of
tion.
a town,] town, or private oorporurjh stearic tear; the isntfcotioan of r the code prescribed to the lews, stinguinhed from tb< wmial law ; the Mosaic institutions
citVt
which
distinct
prescrilie
crrrrnnn;>.< to
5,
I'he thirty-:."
spearr.
4th.
distinct
of
1
human
duty.
A particular commodity
of great
article.
whicii are
ltth
Pte
()td
I
part
it not written in yourteo, rods !John, x. 15th. The institutions <>t Moses, as distinct front the other unrts of the Old Testament- -as. he lair sod the prophets, pvjli A pile or axiom oi science or art as. In.
TestamentIt
V.'
said.
are
6th. In
71
qrammnr. a
0,
<m, and
In the aith
;
Lath), in
in
the
lm
ami navy
talcodl Lords
l
in tin- Unit
for the
9th.
tstiesoftht navy.
laid be.
including
1,1.-.
II
bills
lords articulars.
for Robertson.
6.
XV., and
WI.
I
7.
Of
principle,
b
ilarly their
-
or
8.
v rule.
maud
pal
la
Id.
do,
and
Isitc
it
of na(if
cation or t><>etry 17th /."' martini or martial lam the nnle for goreming an or military force. 18th. Mirmc hnrs for regulating aarigatioa and tle r coiiuiM rnal intercourse Of nations. ] th ml law. lair merchant thi by winch trade is regulated between merAnd assure] other distinctive chants. phrases, or meaning of minor importance, Kthelossfe/tearioisf,whii b have been already defined and illustrated in the body of the 'hook, The aboTe definitioni afford the scholar a Wide ietd for the construction of omaaal sentences ; let ever)' pupil improve the opportunity. In fourteen, as follows: f'mercss four nontinnancc, constitution, ceastfls twice, QSafessiou, compensation, cwwnnitted twice, cssifurf, and corruption. The clause commencme with the 51st line, and ending with the AttaintUr is an immediate and inseparable if a judgment (without trial by jury) the CUSttnOJUCaceS of (>t' dea* ii Bf OSJl laWTJ : which to the pe r>ou' at taint ed are forfeiture Of lands, tenements, and hereditaments ; no corruption wf t//oo<l. by which he longer inherit or transmit an inheritance ; and loss of reputation and of cil According to the <"im,~ generally. fender slons pays these penalties,
army
Cvmmu
QM
the
9
las descendant*
h>lie:
any p
any
human
-
Lasts o>
i.
ammal
nature are
are performed
as.
a
In'
bodies of the
as, an open door, stared <nn Not :vl ea, The open air. an seen vessel Ith ,r obstructed as, an <n*n road Pmbuc as, In ansa court tth. \"' oasasrsaa, opmiunise baring an air oi Irankness and snm-ritv 7th i as, \n oaea oesnstenance. or eiosed BB, All open acconnt
t*ok.
rinciples
1.
S-
,l<nyiiui
;
.
loan
t..
>i
deensod
<<i
tit//
t-
>
asesston
another
. ,
as.
ctnimed "r
ecclesaa.Htic.al
Roman
law.
9th.
30
f
APPENDIX.
the idea of habitation the term country excludes that of the earth, or the which it is composed In an evtei.. plication, however, these words may be used for one another
:
Union is the sta e of be ng joined, or formed in'o a compound b .ly or m xnre; siaies joined, in which sense it appro IC ies
to roiit'derntion, which is appl ed to a c.>mp;e: for mutual support ; league; 01 alliance, particularly of princes, nalions, or states. Perfect union should subsist between all Soeonfiderathe me ben of a family. tum of states can hSBg exist wi bout a
The
aniON of aims and actions among itt components. I'eilsh .iiose traPors who would dissolve the conf' df ration ! 15, 16. See answer to the Inst question of Lesson 111., also that to question 36, Lesson
t
35.
land of 'he valley of the Missgenerally rery rich; and the va isdtsined to form a most important part of our country. All men take plea! travelling through a cultivated Woe to the man who flees when b try is in danger. should all love our native (and, Ac Bd nntiiit'istariciin/jHre mostly
We
employed
to
X IV.
lion
3.
4.
ion
The word
is
tabor,
tiroes
Seven.
DUf'rmt
is
the
more
indefinite
;
term
it
is
sef,bot point out opposition in a more particular manner. Till D which nevertheless is peculinriy proper; others wherein nottoithstandtng is preferable. The examples of Question 36 give suae instances in winch iheycanuot be substituted for each Other, and others in which tie
emopposed to singularity bol KWIUl ployed positively to ezpresa man derived from the Serb shnt, and signifying
s|dit or
aa
is
into
al
'
sub-
he same <) asase docs ni <i lii nnt persona intta stefered from the headache aessi
hit.
have
will be a friend to him A all 1 could say. he persisted in his slanderThere are many irgee against yon. who w,il. when in a reasoning mood, admit the futi ity (if a belief ghost iwiuvj)
1
'
Pun is not only more generally has a more comprehensive meaniiisr thsa porfssn, which is a particular sort of division. Portion is applied to individuals; pari, to persona and things The pupil asks, what part of thi^ am to study; the teacher answers, the 1 did not first parsgraph is your portion. re ive any pari of the profits of thai ad'
I
>
these same individuals can n,-v. lonely churchyard in a dark night without an uneasy feelinx approaching to probably by an imlu of tales heard in childhood. They pique themselves upon their strict morality,
:
and
iji
nut of
many
thl
ut Willi
moral
principle.
venture, although by agreement my jntrtion should have been considerable. A convention is a simple informal meeting of persons generally oi one aeeghb whood sometimes, however, the members of a convention are from very d Compared with each Other is an assembly called foraspecia] p it is m religious matters \n h S. e alsu the am is in civil ones questions 16 and 29 of Lesson XVlU.,anie. Conn Con means together or with [mi.o. to coraej the itote of being (ot hav,
;
to
employment, or
r.
power or
Prerequisite
previous
aa An ncqusintan
it
man
fines the qwUifications of signifies put together with art put in order or brought to
done,
ing)
come
ienefAer
cssrvocn/so*.
[seen, to
10.
not
call,]
the slesj nftoeing celled sssnvatr,. Condole, [deles, togrtevej to grieve with;
without mo
An en
you dont what
answers, Vex, ordered v<iii
' '
have
consort, [sort, to o<>.\ to o intb. Ac Jsnr. in its general acceptation, means a rule, and is sometimes synonymous with aVeree, dec, ns h.is been before eta ad. Statute is commonly applied to Ihs a legislative body consisting of repreeentsr tives, and is consequently more definite
desired V
I
The workman
tin
sir.
have mule
When
have
part
'
41.
than foe.
Though
the act you mention is not exany statute, it is unpressly prohibited doubtedly against the l>>w. The Statute declares plainly enough tiie objects to be accomplished, but it does not provide properly for their execution. See also the
42.
5,
ante.
Lund
signifies an open, even spice, and refers strictly to the earth; country signifies lands adjoining so as to form one portion.
of Ins task relating to this may be considered a In the sense here used they an nioiis. the only difference being tliat 'in witness s set phrase is met with, whereas in testimony whtreoJl is not so frequently He bore untmss to the truth of the main points affirmed by your counsel, and his Ustimonij had a powerful efl aesf was self p ssassaedand would sot suffer himself to be browbeaten. Th do not rest on the testimony if n single his'
.
'
torian, dbe,
43.
The Preamble
ticle
II.,
The term
54
Article
21
Article IV..
APPENDIX.
VII.,!.
.
31
d by such unwelcome be retired to bis room avt Idle,
in
I
it
thr
.
V1L,
vi
.
1;
and vn.
rtide
II.,
4; Ar-
wnr.
v
laic,
i.
toed from beginning to the comi letion of any nod indefinite, and is either taken by bo by design; rumiki for a particu When told him in the kin thai be d in an awk* to be quite disph ai
the
.
Irtida iv.
D
e n.
WW
I..
nntr
out.
borrow
marked
if<.
In
which
from the
;
and 31 of Lesson
XX VI
I.,
ante.
grill
avoid
much
|
ru!t
CM
or tor the benefit of anothi r y are lynonj moos, difference beuig thai duty is geueraily preoi i\> d by the preposition on, whi admits of both in and on. Inst
(
all to
me
all
He rendered
is ool of err the naval $er-
on
<
.
in
[Latin.
only taken
in the raint, or
noe.
He
has
se< d acre
;i
ami
iblic.
the freedom of
17.
speed.
by the will of hi oMtker. The captive gained his liberty through an accidental r>
'i
uns. bat
which burdens,
r
unea-
is
any
injur.
gri<
i
is
done;
tlune: as
i
18.
9.
The
fa
n firmn,
lor
ins
is
roperiy need
iaatrnroeol
.
i
for
'
armor
hut the
m-'iy
rms. but
duty in Mexico, Ice Both danger and jeopardy mean to death, loss, or injury; risk; hazard; peril. Jeopardm applies to peril at band; danger, to peril more remote Thougb these terms convey very nearly the same moaning, they cannot be used m the nine connection .:, >r instance, in the phrase 'you are danger y>i losing your life,' we cannot supj.lv jeopard* tor darujtr, hut would be forced lo say 'your life is in jeopardy.' In Uns latter ease, however, danger could be put for jtopardy. In the sense of a return for seiv.< both are obligatory. HimjwHMMoiii is an act of justice, lor as 'he service performed involves a delit. the omission ol paying it would be an injury to the performer. Kcmuneratwn is a bight turn ; it is a matter of equity d< Upon a principle of honor m t:i it, and (inters from the ordinary oosv e of he m r\ ice and of the return. Compensation i^ made to inferiors or subordinate persona
|
ut did
it-*
OIV
-
thougb
ii'.
in
ationally
-
work,
owe bim
notbing
tb
It
pons, according
t< its
id indeft-
will lend
me
your aid
you
arms
status,
anris,
ail?
weapons
>\
m tn,
SWlfl
I
ill.
BM
of
quiet
i
human
.un'.s
A*
;.
em
30
32
;
APPENDIX.
one hundred thousand inhabitants. People bnnff misfortunes upon themselves by misconduct, and then exeiaim ai.-i.mst fortune.
22.
only to a misdemeanor. The punishments of crime are commonly corporeal those of Indomisdemeanors, frequently pecuniary lence unci vice afford an easy transition to misdemeanor* rod crimes. Cause is the thing happening before, and producing another; reason, the thing actEvery reason is ing on the understanding. a aiusf, hut every cause is not a rtason. The end of a cause is he effect ; the end of a reason is the conclusion. It" you were to ask him the csmseofsuch strange conduct, he could not probahly render a single reai
The
ants are a people not strong, yet they prepare their meat in the summer. Prov. xxx. Lions, leopards, and other ire in'mbitanlsoi that wild and beauI
tiful region,
34.
See Article
State
in
is
M.
lies
its
is
35.
which
power and
gr<
commonux-al(h
tion, including
23.
easu re! in thp prosecution of ac ions i> denominated proceedings. Process in the w hets comae at proceedings, in a cause real or personal, civil or criminal, from the original writ to the end of the suit. Original j/roctss is the means taken to compel the defendant to appear in court, meem process is thai which issues upon some collateral or interFinal locutory manner pending the suit. process is tie- proceai of execution. Taken in their common sense, jimcndnuj is the more comprehensive. ;ls it simply the general idea ol the manner Of going on; while proctss applies to tilings done !>y rule the former is considered in a moral scientific or point of view the latter', in technical one. Becoming angry, and actuated by a spirit of rerenge, hi the whole inorrss, which w:ls a very unfair proceeding, as he had previously bound himself by a solemn promise not to re.
:
ruling
state is that of government in its stract sense, but the term rowi"/ refers rather to the aggregate body of and their possessions, than to the
inent of a country. State is applied to communities, large or small, living under camm any form of government more appropriately to republics. We may look vam amount he safst^af the old world for many of
;
own
3b\
place indefiii
nitely
to
or country.
Therefore Canada
;
New York and It \ Mexico, though the countries det contiguous other hand. Portland, Me and N leans, La., aie merely itistant from and not Jorrujn to each other, bOCaUSS bota are in the United states, though very far apart.
.
veal
21.
25. 26.
it.
Article XII.
38.
27.
28.
It has but one compound sentence. See Article VII. Three. See Article VI 11. Used as in Article VIII they share the same idea of something given or done to secure voucher peace or geod behavior, or a* for the appearance of a person to stand a trial. Bad and sicunly are not, however, used indifferently; for instance, we may went his security,' and lb' is out on say. his txul,' but we bail,' and also 'I v\eut Unit is C innot say He is out on srntn/y' also used for the person who pro release of a prisoner from custody, by becoming surety for his appearance in court. Stcunty is It is either singular or plural.
'
Assemble
is
is
simply to
come
together; meet
lo
come together
pose.
than meet.
no Ihr
If
pUn
the
a.'.r,
rr
n"*U
And
mestioni 16 and
38 of Lesson XVIII
I
'
ante
'
m voting.
protection, or that which pTOtei doni from fear or apprehension; confidence A chain of ot safety safety; certain' v forts was cite ed lor the s> runty of the frontiers. The navy nonatrtutes the sson;
urn. Ticket is a written or printed paper given instead of a ba/.'ot, as hem? more convenient in pub from tins circumstance, tickets are often called balTwo black bails be found anion? lots. the Itallots, lie was declared not to have
i
ol
ntyot ourcoum.ercial marine. This sense si unity proved fatal, as it paused him to neglect making any preparations for defence.
its
40.
A nation
often
owes
its
seanity to
a.<\
32. 33.
See answer to question 24, Lesson XXV11I. See Article X. Both terms are used to denote either all the residents or citizens of a town, county,
district, or nation, or
-clock, P. M., the polls a/ere closed, and the jud_. Count the tickets. A collection of objects brought in kind of order is the common idea of these trims A Ust OOUSil s of little lie. re than names arranged under on.' ano her in a long narrow line; PUktfogm iuvolvt details than a sim| and cironly names, but ual
been
a portion of them; they have, however, this difference, that inhabitants implies persons taken separately, and people refers to individuals taken collectively or as one body. Both are also applied to animals, but in this respect ?;ihabitants has the more general use. The people of Philadelphia, Boston has over
41.
cumstances. You hold in your hand hut a mere list, but here is a catalogue, wluch probably contains what you seek for. Prtsnice denotes a hems: in company near or before the face of another Of ties a being in open view of a almost any distance, from proximity to comparative remoten -s. [fa man is blind. we may be in his presence, without lieing
;
in his sight,
which
in this
istence
we may
an
APPENDIX.
individual without beini; in his
-
33
it
SSL
In the Const
liit
:
in tht the House Tin took place the av i/ of thfl our men. desirous of his good opinion, .it ihej fought with sot temy off the held. uielooe, unbar, unlock, or and exto rem
.
Pt
M
55. 56.
in tin
lllt'!.'-
AmendAtnend-
ments.
\.
ment
A
1
m the
Amend-
m
53
5$.
all
it
sral
of
to a letter, oi
'
I
writiug or document. Did roo s. hut \ did not ,ly detached.' No lor that, the act is still disbonoranle.' Somebodj has OBOkfld my desk. door, kc 43. Thane two words ran be boot uoutiaetod rb their positives Great is applied dimensions which tiling or increase large. to a It should l>e the aim tent, and quantity. n to st cure the grea
<
'
44.
Than two
C.
e taryrst
-
60.
appli-
by it upon od might perhaps he " 11- 'uter. Your wholly dispense d with e table. I DM book
order that its sound may correspond with thai oi the first letter of the word to winch it is prefixed, and thus render the compound word euphonious. ise its tranters intended to have its meaning perfectly onderatood, even bj the plamtand most uneducated minds; it was therefore neceasarj to avoid thing in the V ubiguous or obscure. This quest ion answers itself. The in quent recurrence of the same word or words in the same paragraph is called rrp titmn; in prose it is rarely elegant, and. indeed, its use is only sanctioned in the preparation of constitutions, treaties, legal documents, Ac in which strength is the mam object
i
ii.y
right
I
uterprise.
He bad
62.
'put
upon) his head, and a black ark. Upon, liowever. be used for on in such a Neither can on be I upon in the expression 'to t
I
poetry, however, it is often singularly fuL R/*j>ct.ition di.iers from tautology (which is tiie reiteration of the same meaning in different words, or tin occurrence of the same words), and also from oataehresu (or the use of the same word m different senses). Of clearness. Ad means to; con. together or with ; prr, pro. for, forward, forth or out and
.
ob. in the
r
i
UM.-J in
way, against, out. US, equal. 6cc] equal to; ..'rate, [antrum, the middle] to bring to t'i> eentn wito, t> hanr or nu i it btjor- ; proiYer, [/em, to carry or bring;] to brinu forward or "Vtrud'e, [irudo, to thrust j to thrust
.
.
in
t'i>
61.
y
46.
of the
Amendments
1
is
Th
.
lance
t'<r
we tm
i
thai the
a
with capital
period
or are important
sperm..-
The
M
klitiunal
rtt-r
to a place
"I
security
;he>
tlu
civilly
than the
"
;
iimmi
unc
PHI
the
bC latter,
-
66
Ottlj i
ir.
til
ippnaitioa
that
those
BOQH
in
ition of the
i
in u
with the
nouns
g] ince.
.
50.
In
the
;
OOUfUMOU. terminea
irt
:
oiithe of this
'
the
Supreme
34
pital; this
APPENDIX.
includes either the whole or a part of what is understood from it. 1 know the general signification of the terms used by that author, but 1 confess myself unable toialaom his meaning. 19. See section 8. 20. The signification of both terms is nearly the same, but comment generally implies censure. Among his m;.ny observations i delected not a lew ill-natured comments. 21. The words are very near alike. The latmt is the secret or concealed, in cases where it ought to be open ;the hidden u dor-
Being must- always commence with a cais also the case with all proper
;
nouns and their derivative adjectives, and with all words which begin periods consequently in words as above necessarily emphatic, no distinction could be conveniently made, were all nouns headed with
capitals as formerly.
70.
their or-
thography differs occasionally from that of the present day. In the use of capital letters, the Constitution does not agree with itself, for in Article I., section 5, page 123, "\ve have 'Yeas and Nays ;" and in section " yeas and Nays ;" in section 8, 7, page 125, page 126, we see " Post Offices and post Roads;" in Article 1., section 5, page 122, the word ' Behaviour" appears, but in Article 111., section 1, page 135. it is given, "Behavior." All these instances are evidently mistakes as well as peculiarities. 71. They were no doubt occasioned by oversight in the clerk, and so crept into the engrossed copy this being read by the clerk, the members of the con ven. ion could not, of course, detect errors apparent only to the eye.
;
22.
mant, and may be known to none though concerning ail. The means of accomplishing his Uittnt motives were as yet hidden even from himself. Of the opposition to the adoption of the
Constitution.
23.
Both signify full of power. Powerful applies to strength as well as power \potent to power alone, iu which sense it is a
stronger term than the former. The celebrated Charlemagne was a powerful man. as well as a potent prince. See section 10. Tilings must have some sort of connexion with each otuer to form a series, but they need simply to follow in order to form a course. After delivering a course of lectures, he altered the matter in a degree, and had it published in a series of numbers. Practice simply conveys the idea of actual performance ; custom includes also the accessory idea of repetition at stated periods. By imitating many prevalent practices, you will help to establish bad customs. It meant primarily a statue of the goddess Pallas, or Minerva, representing her as sitting with a pike in her tight hand, and a distaff and spindle iu her left. The safety of Troy depended on the preservation of hence palladium is applied to this statue anything that affords effectual defence, protection and safety. See section 1 1. Perfect signifies the state of being done thoroughly ;complete, the quality of having all that is necessary. The book of which you speak is complete in all its parts, and nearly perfect in its style. To see is the general term, and maybe either a voluntary or an involuntary action ; to perceive is always a voluntary achad seen him several times before tion. I perceived the great change in his appearance. Of the duty incumbent on all Americana, without distinction of age or sex, to understand the Constitution thoroughly. proper exEight is the general term; presses a mode of nght. Right is abaulute and admits of no coinparuMfh, fur what is rnjht cannot be more or lews sowas. and will always be right ; but proper is relative and allows gradation, as something assy be proper to-day that was not so yesterday, and will uot be to-morrow,or it may be more or less proper. Though it may be proper to conform ourselves in a measure to the habits of the company in which we mav happen to be placed, it can never be right to hear a member of such company slander an absent person, without defending the one attacked. See section 13. Raised may have a good or an indifferent
; 1
21.
25.
LESSON XXIX.
1, 2,
3.
see section I. Corporeal frome The lady's constituwas impaired by over-exertion. 2d. Temperament oj mind That gentleman has a constitution so mild that even the most
1st.
tion
26.
unexpected difficulties have never annoyed him. 3d. Form of governnvnt The constitution of England is ditfereut from that of the United States. 4th. Supreme law
27.-
constitution of the United Stales is paramount to all other authority in the Union. 5th. State of being-The constitution of society is such in China that the people are totally ignorant of the blessings of a republican government. 6th. A system of principles The Bible is the moral constitution of mankind. 4. In our country, the constitution secures to the people the right of electing their own governors. In England, the rulers are hereditary. 5. It is accurately and clearly defined in writing so intelligible that it can be under-
The
28. 29.
30.
6. 9.
10, 12.
1st. Noun A preamble usually precedes the enactments of a legislature. 2d. A verb Legislatures preamble their enactments. 11, see section 4: None those that tend to administer most to the welfare of all the people have received the most numerous and artful interpretations the only code of perfection
3.
31.
32.
(the holy Scriptures) lias been incessantly resorted to by the designing and the wicked,
and numerous
secure
efforts
its tot;d annihilation ; hence the necessity of universal intellectual and moral intelligence aiuoug the mass of the people. 14, see section 5. See section 6. See the first part of section 6, terminating at legislatures, in the 74th line. See section 7. The meaning of a word or sentence is that which the person writing or speaking wishes to convey by it ;the signification
33. 34.
meaning \elevated is always used in the best sense. George raised himself by his
APPENDIX.
busin
35.
35
une of Chriatnpher Columbus.
......
William
wu
t.
r.e.L
nj
.
ami
:i
2 n the execution
g
-
the
36.
work, or sun
.
nine
the
See section
14.
and the
ins;
5.
In th<
-
38.
Z'..
-
cir-
nthoul usin
(if
that
whi
d or fo-
made
i
for
fori
the
39.
It
6.
to all
il
LSOU Ml
It
;
ib
>r.
ion of
motion
an41.
in
01
Aho do
not act
The
til
liner.
T:.
xcept that
mam
irtably as
is
p s>ihle.
8.
may mean
either the sea. as c otinent, in distiering lived for inamly upon the avow, 1 can
Island.
We may
tuev
From
-
the Latin m.
dr,
and pendeo,
i,
to ban?.
sure
nour.
'
the
bow
of the
d the horizon,
LfcO
i
icond prefix, in, signifies not.
ulf.nl
and d
<
ly on.
the
;
mam.
Hence
not. dr,
signifies
made
holy
i
con*>
Literally in,
.
/mm.
syllable
made
45.
the
ited
is
first
To
TfjfUxt
word.
generally produced by a wont are enred by a collision of opinions. Disei are peculiar to large bodies <>r communities of people; content* d.vidnals. Distention* not only tend to alienate the minds of men from each other, not to die i >f society conroy the happii family ;both are alike contrary to the injunctions of the holy scripl
ire
; -
mind
we
dwell u
mto me.
to rtjUcl upon these a 11 the cour><
.
16.
Of the bo
abou*.
14.
Dis
ition.
47.
Caladau
signifies asunder. Du. from tiie Latm amnio, to think. and asunder; and literally means to m
in its
dis,
general ac
anthm
ral
the
ren num-
matt
a thin.
fiefl
is
|
&
n from a
IX.
i
of all
dif-
<\j
express**
firora in-
juries.
I,
and
be
and
bhss her
it
carried
brand
is
onl
or mil.
" t'nvei'1 with q'irr<
'.
50.
It
md
aye,
-'
^.ool
girl hf-r
n,
and
13.
1.
To
the liberal
to fro::
lived.
80
36
17.
APPENDIX.
disrative, though often really large branches, are called sx/s, as the Mi &c In general application the]
<
who study the American Manual will countenance quarrels and dissensions. Every is universal in its signification
.
is restrictive.
Each
more
sure having
its
peculiar office
phrases
18.
all reasonable efdisseminate intelligence and morality, inasmuch as each has an that may contribute to the weal or woe of
Thus,
to
!io
may
live in
Bgl
ropriety.
'To
.
20
2d Every tree m the orcha but each tree produces its p<-. uutu cause the happiness an. | nations depend upou it. See answer to qnreUnn 4t, of
I
waves
m
I
11.
-
See section
.
l.
d mutters
consecrated, to
Rcbolar thereby gams a better and extended knowledi; gunge, which contains aboul 80,000 words, portion of which but a r k. is to be found in any spelling 25. By the pracl oe of spelling ecouies cr tics the pupil with all the lillle pa are far more diificul
The
more
il
ma>
war an
u
.
tin ir
sub-
stain B
woids.
LfiSSON XXXI.
i,
3.
2 See s< ''i.. u l. '< which mils biheritcm ciuitl or other person, as the n a d< oeasi d ana at tive of particular thio legacy, a bequi si tain sum of nxmej
;
upon a
inily.
in Ireland
and Scotland
il
IM nt.
lent
his father,
some
at the frien li
>'
'!
lie
old Iru
bul no his securing il for lum r co rip etelj b iffling th< nt had the goo fbrtuni
; .
I
n turn.
of Israel OT Indian
two thousand
tive.
5.
IT.
Bi fra
Among
ii
;
[or
amo
.
w n conjoined <u Between, [or betwixt, which is number. the same thing, and not obsolete.] in the ;<> disintermediate tance from one to two or more, in common or p u having mutual relation t<> two oi His noting difference or discrimination. which lies between Balura Washington, has quite a ronian as tin- house stands among is almost hidden by Things go better beUoeen Jami i and Philip, than belwi en unj ther two amtrng all my These tour men own the tract friends. between them, and have Buch a mutual good understanding,that a like p trty could not perhaps be" found among a
I
of timi
:
19.
want
ii'
pr%
Perfect
lies.
6.
7.
harmony
fami-
Both on an a person
moner
irquis. earl,
i
not.
One
that
al
of an> Whole
or baron. In its original and !>ro peer means an equal. Ac law. t very man indicted for an must |. tried by a jury of
I
reidm and
Lesson XI
1
,
lh<
3.
to
question 104,
is
i^(
sit
m
tt:-'
of
if
10.
Geographically, ocean
three-fifths of the
used forth
rs
23.
is
m
ice
;
ca possess
1'-
,,]
.
f the
il
usually considered in five great parts the A' lautic, Pacific. Indian. Arc Antarctic oceans; and its smaller compa-
21.
had
.
it
to gii e the
bi
It
i
J
ii
.t
APPENDIX.
church.
37
s
arfecl
'.
whole,
A ntmn
gi
s
I
for a definition n^
SS
\.\XII.
lMtrr
-
L Asi
-
i.
the prod'
imbecility and
:
rum
rol
The
2.
1:.
manufacturing and
.
S.
s
Bj
31.
T
I
a per-
edto vote
buy and
ln>
.;
i
the
ect by the
-
king's U
-
"
who
a
icle
I.
of
tu<
ite
between
lie
may
lv.
bold land
.section
2,
mean
it
the
stitution, Art.
96 to
IS
tioO,
or c.v,
sqnare shape,
i
10. e legislatures.
to the
D 11.
ohoce-
'N XXXIII.
I
to 7
1
dilution,
S
An.
8 to
stitution, Art
re
,
cotnLight,
S
sections
a sort of
what
Id
on condition
ive
and
bindi
'
t(f
'ominonly tax
undi
i
laid
upon
polls,
U
37.
'1
Lation or exporta-
lo
them-
-.
treasure and
\mII
l>e
an inland duty
ia,d
or rolumi
-
..
are
neediej
38
39 to
42.
I.,
APPENDIX.
See section 7; also Constitution, Art. section 8. refer as before.
28. See section 5. 29, 30. See section 6. 31, 32. See section 7.
22 to
43, 44, 45. See section 8 ; 46, 47, 48. See section 9. 49 to 54. See section 10. 55,56,57. See sec'iou 11.
58. 50. 60, 61.
33.
34, 35.
9.
i
36 to 3 40 to 42.
4,
10.
page
73.
See section 11; also Constitution Article II., section 2, page 131.
12.
69 to 73.
Art.
74.
.XXVI.
also Constitution,
1
to
}.
I., section 8, page 127. Insurrection is used for a general rising op against the established go?emm<
9, 10.
to question 10. Lesson X\\\ ante. Riot is applied to a nuntihu.us disturbance of ttie pence by three or more persons, mutually aiding iml assisting each other. whether the act they originally intended to perforin was in itself lawful or unlaw-
answer
The
ful.
tn,ii'
in-ftirrrr-
the British government The n the United StaU s, and natural the federal are submeat. .Men in free ''lis. they 18 well SS ci' 12
>i
ment
Hi,,
our
pit
b >UUd
I.e.
C
77.
78.
to ques-
15.
the District of
tion tion
70, Ni.
I
of Lesson XIII also that to quesof Lesson XXXI. ante. In this .;] country, a good ciii
I--,
in
net
of immed:;i
sect
i.
HI.
W.ml
of
A
w'u
e
>
:
thins thing
effective,
iiction is
is
more sure
and Complete.
i
lie
(.'est'
LESSON XX XT v.
l
nuance
life
of
itati "'.
to
t.
See section
i
also
Cons
Art
eectia
'inn 2 ;< 8 to U. See section :i questions of Lesson XXVII. ante. Refer eg in questions 14. 12, L3. See section li to is. See sections 5 and 6. 19, 20. sec section 7. 21. Sec section itution. Art. 22 to I., section io, pp. 128 and 26 to 29 s.-c section U). 1. 30. Sec section 31, 32. Sec section 12. 33,34,36. See section 13; also Constitution.
;
.u
IX. ante.
ji
'I
hey do
tod as an
author.
:on
3D,
;i
0.
See section
12
H>.
in
11.
36 to
stitution.
XXXYIL
Article
36.
II
secli, .n
1.
peg)
The chief ordained to rule our country's miuhly sons, d-nns no pn tensions J rom hereditary righthere, no famous wiirrior, grasping as a roeoer, can read power by mean* a/ bayonets; and as our fiom' prowih; to the law v .. ief from all such despots kim:-. tremble for their authority and see with rhiujnn, throngs moving with unrrstr,u towards open polls, where, exempt from military coercion, they s, Unify deposit their
8 to
S
>;iv
1
and
5.
to 32, See section 9. 33 to 36. See sec: ion 9; also refer to the ConJ"'
stitution.
and
2.
votes.
in
italic
are not
this
Lesson
XXXUI.
a;Jc,
can be given
in
many
ion 3. 0. 10. See seel ion 1. 11 to 16. See sec' ions 5 17 to 20. See sections 7
21. 22.
and 6 and 8.
different ways.
See section
0.
LESSON XXXV.
See section 1; also Const., Art. II., 1. pp. 130 and 131; and Amendments, Xll.p. 145. 9, 10. See section 2. 11 to 17. See section 3. 18 to 21. See section 4.
1
to 8. sec. Art.
is a general term, comprehending all instruments of destruction barrel or tube of iron, or o 'ier n.etal. fixed in a stock, or on a carris| which balls, shot, or other deadly are discharged by the explosion of gunpowder, with the single exception of pistols. The larger species of guns are named
r
Gun
APPENDIX.
tion
ti.
3!)
tion 10.
11.
5
.
the
s
name
ti
is
now
The
given to
Se
>u
l
gvns.
j.
ami Zeuo
in
men
S
carry paw*.
..
nea
in
y nail -arms
it-r.
Rome.
I
he
lat-
34.
s. e
they
;ire
onm
>ii
KM.
10
9.
-
and
11.
31.
In
for
jui-y trial,
l,
who
in
is
lam;
a man is lodged by his will naturally feel Bympathy a trial by court-martial, his
39.
Mini: should be done m Um imperative pi should all aim, nm oulv be atlained through extensive knowledge; .i wlio negta prove upportunitu s is inexcusable.
ction
a \m
conduct
V- fiir the cause of Christianity must he advanced by action; belief, alone, is not
sulliciint.
>a 11.
.
12.
ills
eventually upon
the
1 to 4.
5.
6.
3SON ILL
See section
ii,-
1.
n 13.
40.
11.
All the
lety.
The
It
llv.
a if.
45.
lnnsr.
XXXIX.
and Amendments, Ar-
2,
id
VI.
6.
ion 8.
i
attention of the community should be steadily directed to education, so that it may bespread throughout the Also an absorbing desire i'> learn land Bg ill the srhol.ir's mind this, bowever, v\ill be more or less excited by the good teacher. 7. 8. See section 2. 9. Our forefathers, who received instruction from the examples of their ancestors. 10. It refi-rs to the prophetic sentence written by the 'ringers of a man's hand' upon the wall of lVishazzMr's palace at Babylon. As the characters could not he deciphered 'astrologers, Chaldeans, and sooth1 S, the king had recourse to Daniel,
:
i
That the
who
10
11. all
The
prophecy, as
12.
D 13.
know, was strictly fulfilled that very The whole Btory is sublimely told
of tiie
Book
of Daniel.
A trope.
36.
ti.
u
of the national Union.
-
poor.
a
>n 7.
8.
SON
.
XLII.
ay of dav
-
-!1
1.
2.
Thai
if tin
it
is
are.
our public pr
-
3,
<>r
to dis-
Life
w re
,e
permal>e
might
niurht
vision
corrupted, or be uncoi
tide.
\M
Bui
tniiatkm of twelve
\
men
set
to
remove undue pn
ive
no real hap-
.'.
.:i
from be
'
piness
LESSON XL
it
i-
:i
1.
9.
See m
40
7.
APPENDIX.
ledge or observation, without any bill of indictment hud before them as, the prrtentment of a nuisance, a libel, or the like on winch 'lie officer of ihe Court must al;
;
8.
'.).
For the reason that judgment on impeachment only extends to their removal fro u office, utter which they are liable to be called to answer, and tried for their crimen, Bur if the name as any other citizens. life eouU he taken as an etJ ct of impeachment, a man who had oner escaped conviction on such trial, eonkl he re-arrai<rned and re-tried to mm a jury, and so have ins lit'.; twice put iu jeopardy. They can not By the nfficera of a court-martial.
ments." BtactuUme.
..
Thi
it
means
10.
ii.
There
13
can.
3.
f>.
the act of ottering the indictment itself Thi the word is limited to accusations
jurors. See section 2.
12.
14,
They are very nearly Bvnooymons, and mean purpose or aim Ik ran is a general aho more rague than object. term, an We may entertain a design for king Lime
I
on
3.
I
16.
18,
without taking; measure* to accomplish it; hut we usually try to effeci an object as so.m as possible. Well knowing thai he had an object in qneationing me.J aikcare not to let him penetrate my di I See section 4. ]*, See see ion &
t
,
.
10,
12.
foreman should write the buck of Lite bill. See section 3. 13. See section i.
1
three
pta
Lion
:
&
)
>u
tion
7.
18, 19.
Si
i
i
.u
10.
30, 21
Set- section ?.
a 11.
22
23. 21.
They do not
Two
An
km. Is.
i
an
officer m each couutv to whom is inthe execution of the England, eheriffe are appointed by >lm kmc. In the United States, tnej the legislatures, or by the people, or ap-
hen
39.
to.
it
trusted
When
ii
cm
i-
changed
When
i'
i.
aaving
see.
t)
tinted
and commissioned
bj
41.
2.5.
26.
England, is judicial and ministerial; hen-, it iv mostly or wholly If or deministerial. The inn pui iee, and criminal process throughout his comity hi mil and pril keeps the peace A. schedule, containing the names nfperaonasuminoned by thesheriff; hence, stone
The
office,
Among the Rosso**, cainsi meant a citizen who pit bisaseli under Lb man of* distinction and influence;
-
to a lavvI
ooi lor advice and direct ion a question of law, or coram mage nenl the pr defence ol a suic, a court ofjUHtice.
in
tjrjifral't/,
Patron, who n
27.
is a jury, as above ; all hoard \m h ita edges inserted in th of a thicker i irrounding frame as. dour panel, hmmi is kind of rustic saddle. He knocked an hard si the door thai he broke through a i><mr'. He lost consequence of the breaking ofhMjaniaeJ;
road
man
I
o!
rank under ction another placed himself; hence, in fine who count* n protects either a person or a work, in lithe old distinctions Iron and c/irnt. a> above, are very oddly intermin.
girth.
28.
gled
8.
lords
de-
29,30, 31
32.
protection, he
is
but
fees
secUoa
.
w
.
.U..1
not.
e
17.
A^
from
fal-
between oath and affirmation, see answer to question 7, Lesson XXVI., ante,
See section 10. 42 See sec jon 11. 17. See section 12.
mn*iit be d to this
I
39 to
13 to
work was already done by tk< would not iroub.e ihemselv -s with an exam. nai m of the in much mischief would hap
such neglect. hen, on the exp tiieir term, the jurymen should return to society, instead of think. n? for tin they would be apt u> tat\e a: second di.ind the opinions of any man who Bright advance pretensions to learning oi
ence.
>.
LESSON XLUL
1. 2.
3,
5.
1.
1.
2.
nviictnunt is a written accusation or formal charge of a crime or misdemeanor, preferred to a court by a Brand jury; also the paper or parchment containing the accusa ion. ' in law, a presentment, property speaking, is the notice taken by a grand jury of any oifcnce from their own know-
An
12.
LESSON XL1V.
1,
1.
APPENDIX.
6
It is
41
i a
ling in
true
ten-
nun
oi
mine
iu
the minority.
In* All j but th
ef judge
.'urs.
18
i
>nling to
in
i> !).,
I.,,
s
noon singular used
n 7.
ai uieui-
i.n
;i
in
bers.
:.
words
in
ilar or plural,
accord-
ing to
aave so prefixed
it
24.
2o.
it
for
it
has be-
!<
nesolencc;
can
II
it.
10. 11
So
Ml
4
:t
imttcii
e
i>
a judicial
netl
deli-
the bot-
from the charge of an offence, and as the prisoner, who wasc .mined durnig the trial, thereby sains lus
I
I)
i
hi >us
in this
7.
S
>
27.
though they art- no' generally so. The cleannf ol the guilty mr esenanees possess the pardonnsf.
in.j
or
it Weft
power,
...ii
9
iO.
31
.33.
When
When
Set
It
s
which
it
S3.
two
vsii
.i
The
They
"ii.-
it
34.
ar-
condign punishment.
>n 9.
.
rat.ir.
36.
37.
whom
privati >n,
it
nee
Yes
I
-ii
ia
Li
d by
11.
i
punish.]
38.
It si-..
L Set B, io to
a -ion
i
,1
12.
etiou ia
)
t.
r.trarv to
law
unjust, r
m-
derst<<
to
'.
be je
tr.ny to
in
ice
an
and m-
to
human
right, itkgai has relaara alone, and before ii \s;ln impossible for
i i
Infinitely, [noceo, to hurt.] not hurling. l/uus. the end. bound, or iimit.J without
unfit
39.
J
.'.
urors.tr.ers returned.
K
40. 41.
.
requisite nunv-
51.
be unjust. Owing to unperfectione ever attendant upon man's a U'jahty, and their C STS occaat variance. See section 11.
.
ve suitable jurors.
d 11.
1.
LESSON XLVI.
Duties
is
common
' '
noun, plural
to
number,
D 13.
.
in
i4.
by the nrep<ition
I LV.
2.
:se
it
to
be chanced.
3.
understood. With the ellipses fully supplied, the sentence WOQld read to tO Relative proooun.third person, plnml numduties for its antecedent, obsnd governed foj should understand B< fore the verb by which they are govi
'
'
.(II
to in-
rnor will
'-ririnii.il.
v\
by
fire.
42
Condemned
*
-
APPENDIX.
horrid
manner
ll
cations
put ron/uimct in
hi
him
knew
his qualifications an
tion,
That
so, for
th
trBRfl
thin?
|
t!i<w resy in past times, when d< have burnt each other, und<
able in
all
high
ankful that
pi
we
in fairly,
to
he ondi
or
brilie.
or
infloi
instrument
tear, to
The an
more
..f
ve
that
pull out by
tli*
\
videui
'
t.irth
of Chi
Mi-
tllariotl first
mentioned
xmmI
is
tl
the
:illd
><
Hi
..
ami
on,
th(
opto the h
the
I
35,
In
the*
reader
\\ hich happened birth is determined backwards in manner.
'1
he
v'.
inhabit*
The
one.
tl
word; referring
to
an;
ild
38.
I
he
fell
in
with
a
who abominated
a
.
m!
hand
novationa
It
hn
i
n\ in
ius;
of itinity.
li.
ii
und<
11.
rause
if
the
ion
:,fin.
i
Because the name of the shell which had inscribed on it the note of c mdenination,
rocan.
start from.
-
Before and
It
at
means gnai
ciple.
45.
1!-
ral
prin-
many important rights and privileges Th is also given to a chnrter granted to the u the ninth year of Henry 111., and confirmed by Edward I.
secured to the English people
kind of mi
and
v..
A.
D
ind
13.
The
ntaJ
&
meal
|
i
individuals from
whom
living in tins country hai those towliom we owe lung most of our laws.
honor, of
Very highly.
CJurrla
3
from
distin distinction,
attach
of the
kc
confide,
cordu
See section 7
Confide*
-
on,
and
14.
offiie
should bt a
always
trust
when we
\v e bat we do
.'.
APPENDIX.
SS >N
43
S
XL VI
I.
term
hi ir
in
km
ion 2.
?
name
36
i.
own
;
many
res|
t
I
anarchy or
;'
..
political confusion.
was considered
.
.iilies.
society in made iker innocent were by the stronger guilty: when man took the law into his own dry avenged pen mal
They
in
onward.
Undoubtedly.
\e harder.
>i 11.
.
n.
.v
was admin16
familiarly known to Lynch Law1 or as it waa of old at Jedbnmi, In Scotland, and called 'Jeddart
S
in
id
incumbent
nun
is
it is
written,
!/iw
Hoic
-
j;i
:
the
and
draic,
;iroy^. as
aj'tcr.''
a prop, but a pros IS crum. The legs of a table may they support the top or leaf, but rally applied to a temp irary
:i
;
>u 4.
si
ol
many
is
10.
The]
things
'
11.
nod that misery Lores company.' ami the same is true of guilt The vile, on
It is
In Lifting
is
v.
cease to re51.
unwary in order that their own degtadatnm may t>e mergi d in some degre
of their fellov the eaticeoM nt of the idle
-
N
1
XI.1X.
occur of
i
to 16.
See section^
12. 13
See section
;
;ons 3 . >ns 5
i8
:
and and an
1
2.
I.
6.
5.
to it
t
IX.
15,
IT.
also that
to question 13 of to question 15 of
6.
S
v
Lesson
49.
o
.
16
It
lines 192 to 199, section 8, the same idea twice '.riven. In order to make a stronger impression.
is
implies the reformation' of the criminals spoken of. S< e section 7, 21, 22, 23 See section 8.
IS.
68.
to question 2 of Lesson
.
XIV
is the occurrence of the same letter at ginning of two or more words succeeding each other immediately or at short intervals. The following quotations are r markable instano a of tUhteratkm. "The lordly Don /eaves his /onely /air."
It
ante. 26 to 2
"
10.
11.
6ft
The
36.
37.
With respect
limil
I
to
man
the increase
I
is
uniki
E".
that
in
hat it is imhe hfe of ma>, for any one individual to make v branch of kit
that another.
for
-
inter-
!.
though many
r<
01
them are
'j
no'
1,
gi
females
soundoh
tin,
been a steady
the be-
how much
re-
writer trembling,
Bjgfriendly,
I
quiv*ring
influence - author,
-,ied
much more
to
be done.
enounced
a
isdom
See
it sink, fall<
personsound
-
hand, palm!
21 to 21. See se
F.iJt.
..i.
halt
i
w ithinfrank, round
kind
truth,
we
are
73.
'I
30. 31, 32
nod every
duty.
31
See' sec" ion
9.
'
It
of our earthly
:'
31
44
APPENDIX.
SPECIMENS OF OLD ENGLISH POETRY.
The
following
is
a description of Robert,
:
surnamed Courthose,
eldest
"He was y-wox* ere his fader Thick man he was enow, but
to
England came,
Square was he, and well made for to be strong. Before his fader, once on a time, he did sturdy deed. Whan he was young, who beheld hnn. and these words said:
The
By the uprising of Gud, Robelyn me sail Courthose, my young Bon, a stalwart knight sail be;' For he was somewhat short, so he named hnn Courthose,
And iie mi^ht never after this name lose. He quiet of counsel and speech and of body strong, Ncv.r yet man of might in Christendom no* in Paynim,
In battail from his steed could bring
hnn down."
I.,
is
The
Ilardinge as follows
'11;,
chronicled by
r;st
s thousand
WM
dead
full rlrar,
one bandied
Ice
'
and
t]
Whan
At
I
fOOd 000011
Maude
w:is
aid
laid
on bier,
Weetouni
as well
was
I
i.
The
won.**
FREEDOM.
(John Barbour,
"A! freedome
is
1
Ltfa
century.)
a DOOUl thine!
DOJD
to liaifT liking!
lie
WJfU\
The two
T B E
W
<>t'
F E
beside Bath,
r.ut siio was some deal deaf, and tfa Of rloth makm- she hadde s'irh a haunt." She passed them of Vpres and of Ghent."
the,*
THE MONK.
"A monk
An
ther was, a fayre for the maistrie,
outrider, that loved venerie; 8
manly man to hen an abbot able. Ful many a damte lmrs hadde he in
rode,
stable
And whan he
men might
And eke
Ther
i
as this lord
celJe."
Short-stocking.
3
*
DweJl.
Custom.
Grown.
Harm.
8 Hunting.
TH
li
OR IGI N A L
ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION.
TO ALT. TO
:'
WHOM
THES
A
ctituj.
WHEREAS
md
>n
the rvie<:ates of the United States of America in Congress assembled, did, on the ember, in the Year of our ord >ne thousand seven huudn d and m in the second Year of the Ind and perpetual Union between tin
I
Rhode
itions
.7
:
'ion and
rrr-,*
'nisrt's
mia.
Independence, and
md
UL
other, for their
Right,
which
Di
is
Thesai
common
their
mutual ami _
-
my
made
other
better to secure and perpetuate mutual Friendship and Intercourse among ART. the People of the different Sta'es. in this Union, the free Inhabitants of each ol and Fugitives from ill be entitled to all Privils free Citizens in lh< ss to and from ... ajoy therein all the PriviU -)';o!i<. ami Restrictions as the LunabitIV.
:
The
u
S,
event is an
on the
If ai
Pi
r
mam charged with Treason. Felony, or other high " -nail, upon Di be found in any of the Uniti .in which he fled, he delivered
I
mled
.res
at
any Ti
Ui
">
shall be ca]
in
any
and while
as
tli
Members
ai
I
I
have
46
ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION.
No two or more States shall enter into any Treaty, Confederation, or Alliance whatever between them, without the Consent of the United States in Congress asseml shall con mue. rately the Purposes for which the same is to be entered into, and how lorn,' No State shall lay any Imposts or Duties, which may interfere with any Stipula
it Li
Treaties, entered into by the Tinted States in Congress assembled, with any King, Prince, or State, in pursuance of any Treaties already proposed by Congress, to the Courts of Prance
and Spam.
No
Vessels of
War
shall be kept
;
as shall be
deemed necessary by
its
up in Time of Peace by any State, except such Number only, the United States in Congress assembled, for the Del
such State, or
Trade nor shall any Body of Porces be kept up by any State, in Tune of Peace, except such Number only, as in the Judgment of the United States, in Congress assemI
1
bled, shall be deemed requisite to garrison the Forts necessary- for the armed but every State shall always keep up a well-regulated and disciplined Milii and accoutred and shall provide and constantly have ready for Use, in public Stores, a due Number of Field pieces and Tents, ami a proper Quantity of Arms. Ammunition and Camp-equipage. No State shall engage in any War without the Consent of the United States in certain assembled, unless such State be actually invaded by Enemies, or shall ha Advice of a K< solution being formed by some Nation of Indians to invade such State, and the Danger is so imminent as out In admit of a Delay, till the United States in Congress assembled canoe consulted nor shall any state grant Commissions to any Ships or Vessels of War, noi Letters of Marque or Reprisal, except it be after a Declaration of War by the United > Congress assembled, ana then only against the Kingdom or State and the Subjects thereof, against which War has been so declared, and under such Regulations as shall be established by Pirates, to winch by the United States in Coi
:
-i.se \ ss4 Lb ol \'< ar may be fitted oul for thai continue, or until the United States in
<
i
'
and kept so long aa the Danger shall iall determine othei a State for the common Defence, all officers of or under the Rank of Colonel shall be appointed by the Legislature ol ivelv, by whom such be raised, or M1 such Manner as such State shall dim the Appointment the State wh ail vacs A RT. VIII. All barges Of W ar. and all other Kxp**nsfS that shall he incurred for ti inon Defence or general Welfare, and allowed by the United States in ongreaa assembled, shall be defrayed oul of a common Treasury, \\ Inch shall be supphed by the several SI Proportion to the Value of all Land within each State, granted to or surveyed for any Pei such Land and the Buildings ami Impr-\ einents thereon shall be estimated, according tOSQCfa Mode aa the nited Mates m .n, d shall from Tune to Time direct and appoint. The lazes for paying thai Proportion shall be laid and levied by the Authority and D of the I. gislatures of the aen ral States, within the Tune agreed uim.u by the
<
locaaion,
AKT.
vll.
When hmd
..
Congress Resembled. Congreaa assembled shall have the sole and exclusive Right and Power of determining on Peace and War. except in th< rth Articleof sending and receiving Ambassadors enleniiR into Treaties and Alliances, pi that no Treaty of Commerce snail be made, whereby the l rer of the rea States shall be restrained from imposing such Impost* and duties on Foreigners, as their own People are subjected to, or from prohibiting the Exportation or Im Goods or Commodities whatsoever of establishing Rules for deciding, in all as. wh tuns on Land or Water shall be legal, and in what Manni Forces in the Service of the United States shall be divided or appropriate,; ol Marque and Reprisal in Times of Peaci appointing Courts for the Trial of Ptracii a and Felonies committed on the high Seasand establishing Courts for receiving and determining finally appeals in all laaea of Captures, provided that no Member of Congress, shah pointed a Judge of any of the said Courts. The nited States in Congress assembled shall also be th on Appeal in all Disputes and Differences now subsisting, or that hereafter may arise between two 01 concern m- Boundary, Jurisdiction, or any other* a use whatever; which Authority shall b be exercised in the Manner following. 'Whenever the legis irity, or lawful Agent of any State in controversy with another, shall present a Petition stating the Matter in Question, and praying for a Hearing, Notice thereof shall be given t)f Order of Congress to the legislative or executive Authority of the other State in Controversy, and a Day assigned for the Appearance of the Parties by their lawful Agents, who shall th< directed to appoint, by join! Consent, Commissioners or Judges to constitute a Court for hi and determining the Matter in Question but if they cannot agree, Persons out i\\ each oi the United Stales, and from the List of such Persons each Party shall alternately strike out one, the Petitioners beginning, until the Number shall be reduced to thir teen and from that Number not le.v than seven, nor more than nine Names, as Congress shall direct, shall m the Presence of Congress be drawn out by Lot, and the Persons who.se shall be so drawn, or any five of them, shall le Commissioners or Judges, to hear and finally determine the Controversy, so always as a major Part of the Judges who shall hear tin shall agree in the Determination and if either Party shall neglect to attend at the D pointed, without showing Reasons which Congress shall judge sufficient, or being present shall refuse to strike, the Congress shall proceed to nominate three Persons out of each State, and the Secretary of Congress shall strike in behalf of such Party absent or refusing: and the Judgment and Sentence (A~ the Court to be appointed, in the Manner before prescn!>ed, shall be filial and conclusive; and if any of the Parties shall refuse to submit to the Authority of such Court, or to appear or defend their Claim or Cause, the Court shall nevertheless proceed to pronounce Sentence, or Judgment, which shall in like Manner be final and decisive; the Judgment or Sentence and other Proceedings being in either Case transmitted to Congn lodged among the Acts of Congress, for the Security of the Parties concerned provided that every Commissioner, before he sits in Judgment, shall take an Oath, to be admuustered by one
IX.
I
aRI
lie
<
s',
il
<
ARTICLES op CONFEDERATION*.
S
47'
insdic-
laud
:
i
The
the eeneral
Sums
-
of
:id
to
make
'
them
id a
at
the Expeus
ind Lhe
shall,
on
.tier
.
than
it>
of
Men than
the
i
State.
such S
Number cannot
u,
b
;t-
and equip
Lothed,
.red,
u.i
by
The
'
ed shall nev
er into
-
:mr qrant Lt
Tu
uber of
iti
i..
in*
...
>
-,....-
.s
ar
ol
BKable
'
'
"
''
"
'
!"
'
ii
'
>
in
un
>
- v
In
'
'
'
v.
3ff ILCWin.l.i
',".'.
'
i
;i:'<
ii.mi:..' in
'
I
'.'.''
/'
>'.'
'
.,
.,,,
i,
].-,s v.j
I::,.-- "ii
agree
!..b.
nine S
.it.-s
31
48
art
YTII
a
ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION.
of the Even' State shall abide by the Determinations
linited States in C
-
A are submitted to tlieui. And the Articles k! in all Question?which by this Confederation the ^1 ueiu j f thwContederation snail be n' 1,1^ observed by every State, and any otUnion un km ol HS^frdSMil n them, hereafter be made in
oV the United Slate.,
the ereat Governor of the WozM to incline the Hearts of th*' <res S to approve ot and to authorize us to rali.v 1 1 YE, that we, he umh perpetual Union es of Confederation and thePs aid Artie and Authority to us g.ven for that Purpose, do by the* Dele-tefv virtue of the Power } Constituents, fully and entity n n i, N .me and in Behalf of our respert.ve
totei rm^nt
g
Know
*!
be inviolably observed by the St* perpetual. resDectivelv re present, and that the Union shall be hereunto set our Hands in Congress. Done at 1 hiladelr.hia in li-'re. f. wu have !E witness our Lord one thousan, thfsTateof Pennsylvania the ninth Day of July in the Year ol ol America. hundred and sevenly-e.^ht, and in the tuiru Year ot the Independence
b,n\u^
On the Part and Behalf of the State of New Hampshire. J,,1!N WENTWORTH, Jon. August 8, 1778. JOSIAH BAHTLETT, Massachusetts Bay. On the Part av<! Behalf IX .IM.IKKV, JOHN" HANCOCK, i\\n K, IIULIl.N. .\W1LLL H, S DANA, SAMl 1:1. ADAMS,
tt)
:
On
the
Part and
I!
; !
'
Provuience Plantations.
WILLIAM ELLERY,
On
the
JOHN COLLINS.
'
onnccticut.
ROGER SHERMAN,
SAMI EL
jas.
Hi N
T1TI 3
ANDREW ADAMS.
On 0m
P<-it
1
Stctt 0/
Wm
IV*.
diam:.
Oi
i;a
1.
WK
DUJER,
gouv. morris.
H.
the Part
JNO.
WITHERSPOON,
Noi
SCTDDEK.de,
July, 1778.
(> flhl
JONAthe
BAYARD
SMITH,
WILLIAM CLINGAN.
Part and Behalf of the State of Dclairarc.
On
the
JOHN HANSON,
March
1.
On LEE, On
the
Virginia.
THOMAS ADAMS,
JNO 11ARVIK,
CORNS. HARNETT,
JOHN PENN,
JNO. WILL:
On
the
On
JNO.
the
WALTON, 21th
July, 1778.
EDW^D. TELFAIR,
[JVbr.--From the circumstance of delegates from the name itat baring signed the Article* of Confederation at different times, as appears by the dates, it is probable they affixed their names as they happened to be present in Congra*, after they had been authonaed by their constituents.]
. . .
1
IX>
N I)
EX
Tilt:
and
'>
,,f
"
,!..
-
<]iti\<twrt,
**
t+ft in Appendix.
U.
|
Tbe numbers are ^fan. thu fmtn; second, Words twice given are twice elucidated.
|
Q.
16,
P.
Lc^
u.
r.
xv.
sts
it'.
18
-declare
wi.
truth- rxii.
Axiomsself-evident
A\v.
8,94
25, 25
SO, 35
17
xlvi.
(J
I \ v
i
44.
17,
2ft,
H,
\
49 11,98
24
uix.
\\1.
Dl
history
mil
xvi.
ix.
M
30 8
Baffleddefeated
Bail oocni ity Ballot -ticket
win.
ixviii.
22
lyc irrecUy
5,
UViit
rxxi.
15, JOB
..
Bannerflag
Bargains contracts Baaia foundation Demi carry - pn ceding, (phrases
:>i,
33, 33
10, 21
13,
11.
n.
'
xiv.
28, 41
.wtv. xxv.
w.
i.
J3 20
wm.
Adieu
93,96
47.
syu. t>
Behaviorconduct
Beaeatli
ogcontiguous Adjourn prorogue stercontribute ... Iro \vn Advmnc isaea t progreoaion Advantagebeneil Affirmationoath. U Affirmedsworn, L* Affront insult
'1
farewell good-bye
29
25
tinder
-confer
>xxii.
w
.
Benefita rvantage
xxii
\\i\.
6,
25 30
38
30, 19
IS,
!'.
37. 35
5,
six. \iv.
rxii.
.vi.
22
16
Betweenamong,
Bill
of attainder
facto
ex
V..
w\i.
post
17
3.
5
9
Bliss
felicity
i
law
uxiv.
axix.
3,
48,
35
14
\vi.' rxvi.
xiii.
28
35,
18,
W
36
Bornesupported Brandssworda
Brethrea Brothers Business
wm.
xxix. felony xxi v.
.
xii. 119,
..ions
I
41. 19
25, 22 4*. 35
18, J7 42, 33
.XXViii.
:itcontract at-covenant
-
...
XXI.
xvi. .xliii
-
44. 24
concerns
8,20
36, 4i
compacts
xx.
ilix.
23
Alliteration, M.,
likewise
xxv.
r>v.
4*.
syn. to)
18
wii.
10,25
47
,to
Alterchange
tie
xx.
30,
Calculated
to
:.
l
xxxi.
i
36
I
M.
xx,x
xvii.
avi.
v
1
13, 21
11,90
:u. 40. 33
2
Angryoffended
in
fix
axiii.
.
xm.
(
>ndestruction
-propriations,
xxi.
'atalogueslists -reason
-surrender
.i
uviii.
x
win.
27,
2fi
19
it
feared
'
rviii.
13
21
!
I
'
xviii.
xx
\
i
2,20
0, ni
rJii
96
16
30,
i.
18
18
20, 24 17. 21
M
on
rxiii
16
Tboiceoption
rv,
Aaeembl.
Assem
21
Authority
M
igtk-
Christendom
hi.
iti
old
x.
ix.
12
(xiix)
150
Circumstantial-minute
Citizen-subject Citiz.ensdcnizena Citizens people
Civil code,
xv.
INDEX.
Q.
38, ji,
W
J/
>
14, 38
48,
Claim.S
Claims-rights
^'^Jo 2,29
*T
*4,
xv.
xiv. xlvi.
32, 42
Dangerjeopardy
Dealingstraffic Debatespeech
XYfi.
xlm.
4
90,
17,
-'
xxiy.
XV ii.
avow
Declare proclaim Declinedrefused
-
18
X*i
xvii.
Ml
Cow
*
xxix.
Ibaffled
Defective imperfect
xmx.
Commonwealthstate
Compensation
Compile,
-
20, 34 35, 32
I).
.
two ways
to spell
l
.xlr.
xxviii.
Compacts agreements.
remuneration
XXVIII.
3,
.
.
tir. xv.
10, 17
Demoniacs
25
pen
xlvi.
li
M
X \
I
Denizens citizens
I),
noted
dignified
Ml. HI, 11
-trai Is,
D predauon
Design
object
robbery
\
sequentlyand
i:n
rn ;(iii-im
mm.
\lii.
1
1.
40
Concernsbusiness
Concert those phrase to}
xv
'
measures
syn.
xxil
11,
-<
Disso
... ixiv
ixiv. xxvii, *xix.
*lvi.
15
1
1
K
-'"
90, -i
iting
Btrengthiv.
Cpnfidence
onfii
xxiv.
xii
Conquered -vanquished
Consecrated
xiv.
37, IS
xwi. devoted xxix. Consecratedhallowed six. Considered regarded mv. Constantperpetual institution (whence deriv. ixi* \m\. Constitution, 8
(
12,36
-\\.
Different
I
35
IT
>i
liiiil.'ir
11.
ugnit)
lie
honor
ti\
pn
-approvi
Contempt distlain
-
\\.
13,
35
16
xv. xv.
xn. 105,
II
it j
I
inequality
exhibit
l.
Itl
xmv.
ivfi.
B,
If
17
21,
_:
Contribute administer Controversy dispute Conventions Convocations Conventionsmeetings Convocationassembly Correctly accurately Counsellawyers Countenance encourage
j
xvil xiv.
xiv.
10, 21
'.'.
\m.
18,
n
16
17
rd-
slight
18,
contentions
b.
...... xs x.
x.
Distant foreign, U
.
.
xviii. .xviii.
29 Si
l"ti.
5,
21 20
41
18
}
:
6,20
3,
urx
x
\u.
xiii.
Done made
Draw
ing, B
33, 30
-J.7.
xxix.
xv.
17.
.4
Due right
Duties taxes Duty service
Dwelling-place
10, IS
16, 4-J
.xlvi.
Crime misdemeanor
xxviii.
21, 31
cradle.
xx\ ni.
U.
.
xlvi.
J 4
; 1
INDEX.
Lee.
i}.
51
Les.
F
.,.
>'
q.
r.
Each
..
Genera] excellencyhumanity,
ilv.
if ore,
M
I"
.
24, 41
1-.
vii.
i.
f)
Gen ^rationsages
-ruled
ElectedchoseD
wi.
ixix. length*
iv.
85,34
3
1
\\\i. xxiv.
xxii,
36
51, 35
23,
14,
I raised
Elevating developing si
.
25
7
3,
XN1
I
n 3
33.
m W
24
;>
salaries
mi
i\.
ix.
15,
8,
farewell- .xxii.
igrees,
85 85
\\i.
\ i.
:>.
<l
phrase wii.
\\
10.
vi.
i.
Grandeur
Greai
bi
l
mag
argest \\ ronga
x\\
w.
85, 19
12,
iii.
80
4*\ 15
1.
Gun
muskets
xxviii. ixxviii.
x\,,.
3]
88,38
|9
44,
wi.
\iv. xxi.
6,
80 80
Had, S
41. 18
Enemj
9
54,
32,
3,
J
25
IS
mi.
x.xiii.
S >usvast
i
25
xxix.
85 35
19
37,
-J".
xxix.
riii.
81, 34
1
xvi.
Honordignity
Host,
Kit
x.
a
exeelli ncy,
54,
49, 8 83, 22
Humanitygenera]
U
Ignorant
Illiterate
)
|
Ell
USS/!
- "
xiv.
v,
34.
4,
17
"T
xi\
'
lfi
'"
confirm
xxiv.
27
18
xiv.
xii.
SB,
i"
w.
rvi.
80,
in.
lm
17,20
8]
37. 37
5,
xii v.
31, 12 37. !i
.win.
xxmm.
vi.
Exciteincite
es pardoning power.
\lv tv.
ivftii.
B,
U.
xxix. xxv.
xxi. xxxiii.
-flicted,
xii.
35,35 >. 8d
37. 24
37, 37
18
-J
1
M
In
I
11.
prefix) -habitants,
1
x\.
16,23
m\ See
M
M.
.
xii.
.xliv.
vi.
-imports. U.
XXI
Inclined
2,
disposed
. . .
xiii.
2b\ 14
9,
5,
v.
Independent whence deriv.) .xxx. xviii. Indianssat sgi t xliii. Indictment presentment
Ineffectually
,
35
40
11, 81
Faculties,
M
rood -bye
iv.
4.
in vain
phrll8
svn to)xxii
.
on,
1.
05
Ifl
Faithful true
Famousrenowned
I apprehended
xlvi. xiv.
35, 42 22, 17
xiv.
xiii.
8,
xxn.
13,2]
1xix
xviii.
33,39
107,
111
18
tgacy
uxi
r
1
Inheritances patrimonies..
il|,r "
.xii.
Kxi.
54,
38,
5,
25
32 4
U
Form
8...
ixviii.
rlvi.
\:
xv.
x\.
>\
iii.
81, 19
10,
-
tit
Instrument,
10,28
Ins
1
S.
\vm.
xxi.
81, 86
Form
I
;
,;.
\i\
Instrument tool
lit
38,24
11
m\
rt y
affront
rioti
w.
rebellions ....xxi
xxxiii.
in.
.
19
txviil
\
i
74, 38
15,
1
.xxii
tiv.
81
11
Fulcr im
prop
xiv,
lational
.
If...
11
52
Inventions discoveries.
Italics,
.
INDEX.
Q
.xii. 105,
..iii.
1,
14
Named called
'\ requisite
sity
xvii.
xii.
.
13, 21
2
22
44. 12
xvm. 23
x.win.
xv.
xlv.
iv.
Need
Neyertli
j
\
xii
xiii.
104, 14
Judgment discretion
Juries voters, Juryman, M
Q,
17- 31 26, 19
Needwanl
Notwithstanding ) Nobles peers Notoriousglaring
17.41
Xxii
Kept retained
Kingly- regal
w
xviii<
\\ h.
iii.
x
18,
23
20, 22
33,
4:*.
Oath affirmation,
Obeliskmonolith Objectdesign
ends
(
xxvi
xin.
Land country
Largest greatest
\
\\
30 :u
AIW
..xxix. xxtx.
41, 18
xviit.
xxix*
21. 34
3. 31
18,
xxvii
Law rule
Lawsstatutes Lawsstatutes
Law
i
xwm.
uiL
xxvii.
il* xv.
Exxft,
inns
ivi
\ xi.
<
15
<
teean
sea
-
xxix.
...
Offended angry
21.41
36, 19
era -counsel
barge
ixii
permission inheritance
Onupon
<
wxiii.
ixvii.
4-1.
33
Libertyacquittal, U Libertyfreedom
trivia]
xlv.
en
>penbreak
Option>r
'
the seala of
xv.
t
.
iii
S
10.
31
-J
I
<
utL
<
affix
e|e.
-nmlar
Likexx
Listi
is-
-al>i>
scientific,
I
win. I w.
xxvi.
\' t>.
Orally,
M
clasi
Order
10.
:
catalogues
'
en
iii.
Orderclassrank
Outlinesketch )\x nershipproperty
w.
sxii.
14,
19
li
Litcrar\
Loyalty,
rix.
xn. 109,
txix.
.xiii
i
fadedone
ladeenacted Magistrate priest, Magna Charta, M Magnificence --frtandeur Main, (in opposite senses] Main ocean Manifestevident
Mod.'
\
ixr
>>
18,
Pall idium,
15
M
*
riii.
xii.
Panel Pannel
(u " u
j
xm
"
rtvi
.x
v.
5,
it, \i\.
\i\. xvi.
41
17.
xlv.
I
.
20
Pari
13, j:
Portion
xxv 1
Mannerway
Mattersresolutions, Max B
.
xxviii.
12. 31
1
Propounded
Tati in
""'
|
.Will
.
.
Q
.
-.xmu.
xi \.
i.
90
34
> inheritances
ists
.xii. 107.
11
18,
xim.
41
1.
40
5
38,
32
tone,
M.
xi.
.xviii.
\ \ xiii.
Memento Monument
Method
.Mod.'
| J
'
25, 20
Peace tranquillity
I
[uillity
xix
People
Metonomy,
Mm
M
.
.
xi.
12.
:,
ite circumstantial
KXVIll.
\ \ \
.
38, 19 21. 31
People
inhabitants populace
vrl
x
ri.
\u.
Perceh
Perfect
recent
Modulation
emphasis.
.
.
.\iv.
.
x i.
\ui.
fixed
xviii.
108, 14
..
.
.XV.
18
Permanent
xx xi.
15,
.
permanentlasting
2
12
1
vi.
leave instant
'
xv.
mv.
11. 17
rivi
10,
xvi. xviii
20, 20
Plundered
Plat e
iskets
Mutual reciprocal
guns
spot
xii.
xxxviii
xv.
43, 19
Ponder reflect
INDEX.
tlmutual
j
:
53
\
.
15, 18
xlvi.
)
!
XIV
,
-authority
strength
M
.iii.
Power
-
35, 18
Re/tectponder
declined
ixia
rvil
iviil
. .
m.
... x\i
\.
Regalkingly
13,
xni
.xxix. x\i\.
11
,-
Preamb
Preamble, S
lerived
;
Erases syn.
x
:.
Relinquish -quil
l-
\;
Remunerationcompensation
Princip
:
Renewed
H
)
31
,.
es,
M
qualification.
I
.
v.
3,
Preparing S
xxv \iv.
i 1
h\ 26
Renowned famous
xr
1
1
dictate
indictment.
.
41. 33
.xliii.
n
....xii.
cxiii.
i
n. 19 i, 26
-
strate,
Principl
1,8
If.
\i\.
Restricted
xv
|
u B
19, 1-
Prineip
i
xvi.
Restrainmenl
:
suppression
XXV.
-k.-pt
'
ibed >...xv.
\\.
18
93
Pi
sa
Reveredvenerated
xvi.
.vi.
].-..
1
u
XXII. in.
14.
-Jo.
-J
Proclaimdeclare obtain
i
1.
ao ao
:>
Revolutionarytransitional,
'"
Ivancmient.
-fruitful
\iv.
H
4'.
3,
M
Right, S Riirhtdue Rightproper Rightsclaims
-
IT
x.v
xiii.
43
11
xm\.
xii.
xii
32, 34 IJO, 14
adjourn
fix.
v strictly
iii
W
lfare
RioCsinsurrections
Robberydepredation
Ruin
33, 19
Jl.
ixiv. xv.
destruction
M
xxxiii. xv.
ix.
T4. 38 23, 19
13,
15,
Ruindestruction
Rule -law
xxw
i.
T 38
15
Pruden
Public
xxxi.
36
xxviii.
\iii.
3,31
18,
Ruled |
xxiv. xv.
12, 27
22,
19
xii.
0, 11
ation
.
prereqm
xxvii.
y
.xii.
33,
19
'.
3T. 30
Sake purpose
Salariesemoluments
Support
vm
X%
..
33,94
xx
in.
II, 31
I
1L
3,
i-h
xiv
xx I
i
4.
16
Sanctionedcountenanced
derived from)
xv
11
1-
XV|
31. 34
i
.
It. Jl
Rank
al
/
..ii.
7,
xxix.
I
art
-literary.
iii
r,
M
Will.
xwi
l".
36
Beeuritybail
barbaroui
;
:
IT.
9
3
rni
pr- ti\
riii
Recess
abseno-,
xxvi.
1 1
54
u*.
a.
INDEX.
p.
l.
q.
p.
vi.
X.
Separate distinct
30,
Sept tribe
Series course Service duty Several different
xxxi. xxix.
xxviii. xxvii.
x.
5 9 14, 36 2"), 34
4,
16, 31
Tool instrument
xxi.
1
Several various
Sheep,
Traffic dealings xvii. Tranquillity peace xii. Tranquillitv peace xiv. Trans (prefix) -mined, M xii. Transitionalrevolutionary, '.
i
33, 17
Q Bheriff, M
Si <rni
xlv.
xlii.
Treacherous perfidious
Treatise essay
Trial experience
xxii xiv.
v.
Trih
sept
xx. xxxi.
xxi.
xlvi.
14,
36
18,34
35, 26, 22
'>
tieddenoted
x.
TrivialUght True-faithful
Similar like
Sketch outline
Slightdisregard
Societies,
Soil,
2,
25
1
Trustconfidence TurksMoslems
xlvi.
xlvi.
10, 4-J
!
19, 17
:i
Ty
I
(affix} notorie-,
M
M
M
xii.
S Sovereignsmonarch!
XX.
xv. v\iv.
6 18
I
ii
In In
Und(
xii. 111. 14
aided. limited,
14
l .)
(
xxviii.
20,
16,
:<l
xxiv.
... .xxviii.
xiii.
27
1
r beneath
mm qual
i
xv.
xiii.
35,
ing infallible
Status quo,
XV.
xiii.
13,
18
xiv. iv.
17,
18
xxvil.
xlv.
.
50,
HI,
XXVii.
xii.
n
I
n offending inoflending
...xv.
vii.
78, 13 77,
-
M
.
xii. i\
13
M Uponon
-
xxviii.
1
1
authority
power
iii.
om -custom
xv
xiv.
90,
it
xiv.
iv.
'A.
employ
ity.8...,
xii.
xiii.
vii.
96,
:t.
M
6
2]
Vanquished conquered
Various several Vasl enormous
Venerated poetry Is ships
Vetoed, M Vice prefix
\
.
xiv.
x.
Subject citizen
xxxvi.
Subsisting exifting xviii. Subterfugeevasion xv. Supported home win. v. Suppressingextending, U Suppression restrainment \\. Surrender cede xv. Surroundingencompassing xvii.
n
.
x\
i.
3,
w.
xiii.
I
.\wi
xxvi.
xvii.
in.
96
21
l.
i
90
Swarms multitudes
Swordsbrands
xviii.
ei it tideschanges
I
17,28
17.
xxix.
xiii.
i.
49,
10,
35
S
35, 40
10, 2\!
Vote
"IT,
Q,
xlv.
17
Votersjuries,
xix.
xliv.
42, 41
25,
17
\,
\xm:
XXVii xxii
i\
xiv,
XXxiii.
xlvi.
36, 37 32, 42
.
XX1%
xvi. xxvii,
xliv.
]1
2,
_
-'
Term word
Testimony witness
That,
devises
\,,
pi21, 41.
20
4J. 30 30, 41
3!,
Ticket ballot xxviii. Times seasons xv. Tion (affix) capita-, M xxv. Tone emphasis pause, M. ..vi.
32
49, 20 23, 28
1,
Wisdom prudence
xxxi
XXVii.
|
SI 30
xxxix.
xxi. xxviii.
IS, 17
39
1
8, 31
REC
Timothys
Ha!!, Bait.
:irur
in their
opmion of
Dear Sir
Manual,
I
Harm?
Acad.
>f your Am-Tinn takegreal pteaanre in expressing my it will prove an instructive and m'ercstiiur manual for the youne. ami book needed by teachers for imputing a c >ruientary knowledge of the laws of our republic. I cannot say more in its praise than that I hope to be able to adopt it as a textbook in the institution over which I preside.
ninr.riion that
THOS
E
A.
Mai
I
Public
aiki
//.
Sc.
JOHN GALVAN,
L VAN BOHKKLEN,
To
B. Burleurh. A Pre*, c
J.
'-rstiy.
Rector.
VV.
'ifute.
wm
nana, A can
WasKn
D. C.
Baltimore, Dec.
I
1.
have had very great satisfacrion in minin? a considerable portion uf**A C *n ary on the Com
inteuded
for the instraction
of
at
The
gTee.t utility of
le
such a work
Is
inn
a habit of ind rethinking as shall induce in> for the conclnakio aimed nt. a great proportion of the business of education is attained o promote this desirable habit as thai introduced by J. B Burlearj the Newton Univ. Lmerican Manual, a work in
i
Prarftral
<fc.
which
nectio.
v
is
that
'
on their
every stone
lib*-
hi
man from
our
in that basis of
and from
national
all
aust be ev
our
te extitrate the an n combining elegance of style with the id precision and the whole present ins a clear .<nd at: elucidation of the pnnci| ire the ^rter. -oid a vivid admonisoul of ali of the du:ies appertaining' who enjoy the invaluahh living under >n that noblest emanation Could we but of najfaspired tinman intellect. say of e*i has \tend in acconlance with the
The
cellent
and
pis
in
some measure
the
I of presenting the subjects the highest, decree interesting and thorough, is applicable to the general pursuits am happy to learn thai ot; and m rim of ithor contemplates preparing -books, containing similar marginal and .limine mental and moral other the happiest results deration ol must accompany their use. and their general introduction cannot fail to elevate the standard ('. DAVIS. of school education. PrmciiKil of M-mn!
in
Philadelphia,
author
From
"After
a
Wright's Casket of
sal
<;
U
(^ the tAtmriewm
BELL,
Formerly
of Trin.
'
Nov
Md
MsassaV
u v,,r it
scho<i!-r.Mini.
'
who
find
'">
J. V.
difficu
Inventor of
their children or pa
. .
terpen
tht
Manual
To
>m
1
oj Instruct
uman
fully
concur with
of
J
iii
this
v.
ttood
Pnnnpal
I
oj
fully
concur
in
the a*wre n
coun-
32
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[-'BRARY
OF CONGRESS