EXPERIMENT 1

Aim To draw the time response for first order transfer function
H(s)=6/S+9
Software Used Mat Lab 7.0
Mat lab coding- >>r=tf([6],[1 9])
Transfer function:
6
----s+9

step(r)
>> impulse(r)
Result- - -

Fig-1 Step Response

Fig -2 Impulse Response

EXPERIMENT 2
Aim to draw the time response for second order transfer function
H(s)=45/S2+6S+49
Software Used Mat lab 7.0
Mat Lab coding>> r=tf([45],[1 6 49])

Transfer function:
45
-------------s^2 + 6 s + 49

>>step(r)
>>impulse(r)
Result-

Fig-1 Step Response

Fig-2 Impulse Response

EXPERIMENT 3
Aim to draw the time response for third order transfer function
H(s)=8S/S(S+9)(S+4)(S2+2S+4)
Software Used Mat lab 7.0
Mat lab coding - >> num=[8 0];
>> a=[1 0];b=[1 2];
>> c=conv(a,b)

>> den=conv(c,d)

>> r=tf(num,den)

Transfer function:
8s
----------------s^3 + 5 s^2 + 6 s

>> step(r)
>>impulse (r)

Result -

Fig -1 Step Response

Fig-2 Impulse Response

EXPERIMENT 4
Aim To draw the bode plot for following function
H(s)=46S/(S+2)(S+4)(S2+2S+4)
And draw the bode plot using input arguments that represents the continuous state space system
X1

1 X1

X2

-3

-4 X2

[ 10

0 ] X1

0
+

X2
Software Used mat lab 7.0
Mat lab coding
>> num=[46 0];
>> a=[1 2];b=[1 4];c=[1 2 4];
>> d=conv(a,b);e=conv(c,d);
>> den=e;
>> r=tf(num,den)
Transfer function:
46 s
-------------------------------s^4 + 8 s^3 + 24 s^2 + 40 s + 32
>> bode(r)

U
1

-----------------------------------------State space model>> a=[0 1;-3 -4];b=[0;1];

>> c=[10 0];d=[0];
>> sys=ss(a,b,c,d)

a=
x1 x2
x1 0 1
x2 -3 -4

b=
u1
x1 0
x2 1

c=
x1 x2
y1 10 0

d=

u1
y1 0

Continuous-time model.
>> bode(sys)
Result-

Fig 1 Bode plot of H(s)

Fig-2 Bode plot for state space system

EXPERIMENT 5
Aim to draw the nyquist plot for following function
H(s)=46S/(S+2)(S+4)(S2+2S+4)
And draw the bode plot using input arguments that represents the continuous state space system
X1

1 X1

X2

-3

[ 10

-4 X2

0 ] X1

0
+

X2

U
1

Software Used mat lab 7.0

Mat lab coding
>> a=[1 2];b=[1 4];c=[1 2 4];d=conv(a,b);e=conv(c,d);
>> den=e;
>> num=[46 0];
>> r=tf(num,den)

Transfer function:
46 s
-------------------------------s^4 + 8 s^3 + 24 s^2 + 40 s + 32

>> nyquist(r)
>> a=[0 1;-3 -4];b=[0;1];c=[10 0];d=[0];
>> sys=ss(a,b,c,d)
a=
x1 x2
x1 0 1
x2 -3 -4

b=
u1
x1 0
x2 1

c=
x1 x2
y1 10 0

d=
u1
y1 0

Continuous-time model

Result-

Fig- 1 Nyquist plot for H(s)

Fig -2 Nyquist plot for state space system

EXPERIMENT 6
Aim To draw the root locus for following transfer function
H(s)= 45/S(S+2)(S+4)2
Software Used Mat Lab 7.0
Mat Lab Coding>> num=[45];
>> a=[1 0];b=[1 2];c=[1 4];
>> d=conv(a,b);e=conv(c,d);f=conv(c,e);
>> den=f

den =

10

32

32

>> r=tf(num,den)

Transfer function:
45
---------------------------s^4 + 10 s^3 + 32 s^2 + 32 s

>> rlocus(r)

Result-

EXPERIMENT 7
Aim To express the given Z-transform in factored form, plot its poles and zeroes, and then
determine its ROCs
G(Z)=2z4+16z3+44z2+56z+32/3z4+3z3-15z2+18z-12
Software Used Mat Lab 7.0
Mat Lab Coding
>> num=[2 16 44 56 32];den=[3 3 -15 18 -12];
>> [z p k]=tf2zp(num,den)

z=

-4.0000
-2.0000
-1.0000 + 1.0000i
-1.0000 - 1.0000i

p=

-3.2361
1.2361
0.5000 + 0.8660i
0.5000 - 0.8660i

k=

0.6667

>> zplane(num , den)

>> sos=zp2sos(z,p,k)
sos =

0.6667

4.0000

5.3333

1.0000

2.0000 -4.0000

1.0000

2.0000

2.0000

1.0000 -1.0000

Result-

Fig -1 Zero Pole plot

1.0000

The ROC region has to be bounded by poles

R1: Z>3.2361
R2: 3.2361>Z>1.2361
R3: 1.2361>Z>1