| Contents

ix

30 Sources of the Magnetic Field

30.1 30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5 30.6 The BiotSavart Law 862 The Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Conductors 867 Ampres Law 869 The Magnetic Field of a Solenoid 873 Gausss Law in Magnetism 875 Magnetism in Matter 877

862

35.2 35.3 35.4 35.5 35.6 35.7 35.8

Measurements of the Speed of Light 1011 The Ray Approximation in Ray Optics 1013 Analysis Model: Wave Under Reflection 1013 Analysis Model: Wave Under Refraction 1017 Huygenss Principle 1022 Dispersion 1024 Total Internal Reflection 1025

36 Image Formation
36.1 36.2 36.3 36.4 36.5 36.6 36.7 36.8 36.9 36.10

1040

31 Faradays Law
31.1 31.2 31.3 31.4 31.5 31.6

893

Faradays Law of Induction 893 Motional emf 898 Lenzs Law 902 Induced emf and Electric Fields 905 Generators and Motors 907 Eddy Currents 911

32 Inductance
32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.6

927

Self-Induction and Inductance 927 RL Circuits 929 Energy in a Magnetic Field 933 Mutual Inductance 935 Oscillations in an LC Circuit 936 The RLC Circuit 941

Images Formed by Flat Mirrors 1041 Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors 1043 Images Formed by Refraction 1050 Images Formed by Thin Lenses 1054 Lens Aberrations 1063 The Camera 1064 The Eye 1066 The Simple Magnifier 1068 The Compound Microscope 1070 The Telescope 1071

37 Wave Optics
37.1 37.2 37.3

1084

33 Alternating-Current Circuits
33.1 33.2 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.6 33.7 33.8 33.9

953

AC Sources 954 Resistors in an AC Circuit 954 Inductors in an AC Circuit 957 Capacitors in an AC Circuit 959 The RLC Series Circuit 962 Power in an AC Circuit 965 Resonance in a Series RLC Circuit 967 The Transformer and Power Transmission 969 Rectifiers and Filters 972

37.4 37.5 37.6

Youngs Double-Slit Experiment 1084 Analysis Model: Waves in Interference 1087 Intensity Distribution of the Double-Slit Interference Pattern 1090 Change of Phase Due to Reflection 1092 Interference in Thin Films 1093 The Michelson Interferometer 1097

38 Diffraction Patterns and

Polarization
38.1 38.2 38.3 38.4 38.5 38.6

1111

34 Electromagnetic Waves
34.1 34.2 34.3 34.4 34.5 34.6 34.7

983

Displacement Current and the General Form of Ampres Law 984 Maxwells Equations and Hertzs Discoveries 986 Plane Electromagnetic Waves 988 Energy Carried by Electromagnetic Waves 992 Momentum and Radiation Pressure 994 Production of Electromagnetic Waves by an Antenna 996 The Spectrum of Electromagnetic Waves 997

Introduction to Diffraction Patterns 1112 Diffraction Patterns from Narrow Slits 1112 Resolution of Single-Slit and Circular Apertures 1117 The Diffraction Grating 1120 Diffraction of X-Rays by Crystals 1125 Polarization of Light Waves 1127

part

6
1143
1144
The Principle of Galilean Relativity 1145 The MichelsonMorley Experiment 1148 Einsteins Principle of Relativity 1150 Consequences of the Special Theory of Relativity 1151 The Lorentz Transformation Equations 1162 The Lorentz Velocity Transformation Equations 1164 Relativistic Linear Momentum 1167 Relativistic Energy 1168

Modern Physics
39 Relativity
39.1 39.2 39.3 39.4

part

5
1009
of Ray Optics
1010
The Nature of Light 1010

Light and Optics

35.1

35 The Nature of Light and the Principles

39.5 39.6 39.7 39.8