AE221 Gas dynamics

(2012-13, II semester) Assignment 1

1. Calculate the divergence and curl of the velocity eld V = 3ti + xzj + ty2 k and comment about the compressible and rotational nature of the eld. 2. A velocity eld and density eld in Cartesian space is given as: V = L i and = Ktex L , where t L and K are constants having dimensions of length and density per time, respectively. Find the material derivative of the density . 3. A slow leak develops in a storage bottle and oxygen slowly leaks out. The volume of the bottle is 0.1 m3 and the diameter of the hole is 0.1 mm. The initial pressure is 10 MPa and the temperature is 20 C. The oxygen escapes through the hole according to the relation m = 0.04248 p ( TAe ), where m is mass ow rate (kg/s), p is the tank pressure (N/m2 ) and T is the tank temperature (K), Ae is area of the hole (m2 ). The constant 0.04248 is based on the gas constant and the ratio of specic heats of oxygen. Assuming that the temperature of the oxygen in the bottle does not change with time, determine the time it takes to reduce the pressure to one half of its initial value. 4. Fluid ows through constant area pipes as shown in Figure. Find the resultant force F. Assume ow in invicid.

5. Determine the force F required to push the at plate (see Figure) against the round air jet with a velocity of 10 cm/s. The air jet velocity is 100 cm/s, with a jet diameter of 5.0 cm. Air density is 1.2 kg/m3 .

6. Air enters a hand held hair dryer with a velocity of 3 m/s at a temperature of 20 C and a pressure of 101 kPa. Internal resistance heaters warm the air and it exits through an area of 20 cm2 with a velocity of 10 m/s at a temperature of 80 C. Assume that internal obstructions do not appreciably affect the pressure between inlet and exit and that heat transfer to the surroundings are negligible. Determine the power in kW needed to operate the hair dryer at steady state. 7. Air enters a compressor with a pressure of 100 kPa and a temperature 20 C; the mass ow rate is 0.25 kg/s. Compressed air is discharged from the compressor at 800 kPa and 50 C. Inlet and exit pipe diameters are 4.0 cm. Determine the exit velocity of the air at the compressor outlet and the compressor power required. Assume an adiabatic, steady, ow and that the air behaves as a perfect gas with constant specic heats; c p = 1.005 kJ/kg K and R = 0.287 kJ/kgK. 8. Air is adiabatically compressed from a pressure of 300 kPa and a temperature of 27 C to a pressure of 600 kPa and a temperature of 327 C. Is this compression actually possible?

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