Oracle 11g

Installation and Configuration Guide

Part number: 5998-1358 Software version: iMC PLAT 5.1 (E0202) Document version: 5P103-20111222

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Contents
Overview 1 Installation preparations 1 Checking required software packages 1 Checking the disk space 2 Adjusting kernel parameters 2 Creating required user and groups 2 Modifying the access right on the Oracle directory 3 Creating the Oracle base directory, directory owner and access right 3 Modifying the profile file 3 Setting environment variables for the oracle user 3 Checking the availability of environment variables 4 Uploading the Oracle database to be installed 4 Installing Oracle database 11g 5 Installing the Oracle database client 28 Configuring a network service name 39 Managing Oracle database 11g 48 Enabling the Oracle service manually 48 Configuring Oracle database 11g 48 Adding the database service for a listener 48 Setting the maximum number of Oracle processes and Oracle connection limit 49 Shutting down the Oracle service manually 49 Configuring Oracle automatic startup 50 Creating a database user 50 Setting the character set for the Oracle client 51 Setting database storage space 51 Setting database storage space in the web interface 51 Setting database storage space through SQL sentences 53 Modifying database memory parameters 53 Setting user password lifetime of the Oracle database 54 Changing user passwords of the Oracle database 54 Using database administrators account to change the user password 55 Updating the user password in the iMC configuration file 56 Unlocking a database user 57 Installing iMC 58 FAQ 59

Overview
This document describes the configuration information you should pay attention to when you install an Oracle Database 1 1g for iMC on the Linux operating system and after the installation. The database version used in this guide is Oracle Database 1 1g. If you are using a different Oracle database version, the configuration procedure may differ slightly. Before installing iMC, install Oracle Database 1 1g first. Then restart the operating system, and proceed with the iMC installation. This guide only provides a generic Oracle database installation procedure. You can configure your Oracle database based on system software and hardware to achieve optimized performance. For detailed installation procedure and parameter settings of Oracle databases, see Oracle Database Installation Guide, Oracle Database Quick Installation Guide, and Oracle Universal Installer and OPatch Users Guide at www.oracle.com. Currently, you can install the database on a separate database server and save the iMC data on the database server. To install the database on a separate database server, follow these guidelines: On the iMC server, install an Oracle client with the same version as the database. Create a data file folder on the database server before you start the installation. When deploying the iMC components, you can input the local path to the folder.

CAUTION: Use the operating system of Linux 5.0.

Installation preparations
CAUTION: Type rather than copy and paste commands during database installation to make them correctly recognized. A 32-bit operating system must use the 32-bit Oracle database and a 64-bit operating system must use the 64-bit Oracle database. Before installing Oracle Database 1 1g, log in to the system as a root user and complete configurations as follows.

Checking required software packages

Before installing the Oracle database, make sure that you have installed required software packages on the operating system. CAUTION: The software packages must be 32-bit. If you are running Linux AS 5, use rpm qa to check all the installed software packages, and use rpm -q to check whether an rpm file is available. When a software package is not installed, copy the software package to your local device and use the rpm -i xxx.rpm command to install it. The software packages that are to be installed are:
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-18 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-47.3 elfutils-libelf-0.97-5 elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97-5 glibc-2.3.9.4-2.19 glibc-common-2.3.9.4-2.19 glibc-devel-2.3.9.4-2.19 gcc-3.4.5-2 gcc-c++-3.4.5-2 libaio-devel-0.3.105-2 libaio-0.3.105-2 libgcc-3.4.5 libstdc++-3.4.5-2 libstdc++-devel-3.4.5-2 make-3.80-5 sysstat-5.0.5 unixODBC-2.2.11 unixODBC-devel-2.2.11

NOTE: You can locate uninstalled software packages in the server directory of your installation disk and use the rpm ivh command to install them.

Checking the disk space

Before installing the Oracle database, make sure that the hard disk drive where the home directory is located has at least 10 GB free space (The actual memory space requirements for the home directory depend on the managed devices and the number of performance monitoring instances) and the hard disk drive where the /tmp directory is located has at least 400 MB free space. To view available space on hard disk drives, use the following command:
#df -k

Adjusting kernel parameters

To ensure the normal operation of the Oracle database, adjust the kernel parameters in the /etc/sysctl.conf directory using a text editor. If you are running Linux AS 5, make sure that the following kernel parameters take the same or larger values than those recommended:
kernel.shmall=2097152 kernel.shmmax=4294967295 kernel.shmmni=4096 kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max=65536 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default=4194304 net.core.rmem_max=4194304 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=262144

After you adjust the kernel parameters, use the /sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf command to make them take effect.

Creating required user and groups

You must create the oracle user, the oinstall group, and the dba group before installing Oracle because: Only the oracle user can install, start up, or shut down the Oracle database. The oinstall group user can install Oracle software The dba group user can manage the database.

To create them, use these commands: Execute the following commands as the root user:
groupadd oinstall groupadd dba useradd -g oinstall -G dba d /home/oracle m s /bin/bash oracle

Set the Oracle user password:

2

passwd oracle

Modifying the access right on the Oracle directory

To enable the oracle user to execute the oracle database installation program, you need to modify the owner and access right of the directory where the Oracle database installation program is to be saved.
#chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/ #chmod -R 775 /home/oracle/

Creating the Oracle base directory, directory owner and access right
Use these commands:
mkdir -p /u01/app/ chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/ chmod -R 775 /u01/app/

Modifying the profile file

To make the environment variables of the Oracle database take effect automatically with the system loading, you need to modify the profile file as follows:
#su - root #vi /etc/profile ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.1.0/db_1 ORACLE_SID=orcl PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH

where, The directories for ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME are flexibly set specific to the directory structure. ORACLE_SID is the Oracle database instance ID. Note that you must specify consistent ORACLE_SID in the subsequent installation procedure.

Save the file after setting the language environment variable.

Setting environment variables for the oracle user

To ensure normal startup and operation of the Oracle database, you must configure the environment variables for the oracle user. For example, set the environment variables in file .bash_profile in the home directory:
su - oracle vi .bash_profile

1.

Open the file and set the language environment variable according to the language your system supports.
3

LANG=en_US.UTF-8 export LANG

2. 3.
exit

Add the following line at the end of the text. Save the file, exit the system, and re-log in as the oracle user.

umask 022

su - oracle export DISPLAY=localhost:0.0

Checking the availability of environment variables

Before installing the Oracle database, make sure that the environment variables have taken effect. Otherwise, you will fail to install the Oracle database. For more information, see How to verify if the environment variables take effect?.

Uploading the Oracle database to be installed

Copy the Oracle installation package to the /home/oracle directory and decompress the package. If you use the installation disk, just follow the guide of the disk. Now, the preparation for installing the Oracle database is completed. Restart the operating system and then proceed with the Oracle installation.

Installing Oracle database 11g

After restarting the operating system, log in to the system as the oracle user, and perform the following command in the installation package directory:
$./runInstaller

NOTE: Input a dot (.) in front of the slash (/) in the preceding command line. Run the runInstallar program in the installation package to display the universal installation screen, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Select an installation method

Select Advanced Installation and click Next to enter the installation type selection page as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2 Select installation type

Select Enterprise Edition and click Next to enter the installation location selection page, as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3 Select installation location

Use the default settings, and click Next to enter the product-specific prerequisite checks page, as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4 Product-specific prerequisite checks

In Figure 4, the installation program checks the environment settings and displays the check results. Manually verify the items that are flagged with warnings and items that require manual check, and modify the environment settings. Then click Next. If no item needs to be verified manually, click Next to enter the configuration option selection page, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5 Select configuration option

Use the default settings and click Next to enter the database configuration selection page, as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6 Select database configuration

Select Advanced and click Next to enter the privileged operating system groups configuration page, as shown in Figure 7.

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Figure 7 Configure privileged operating system groups

Use the default settings, and click Next to enter the Oracle configuration manager registration page, as shown in Figure 8.

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Figure 8 Register Oracle configuration manager

If you have purchased the Oracle license, select Enable Oracle Configuration Manager, type the authorization information and click Next to enter the summary page, as shown in Figure 9.

12

Figure 9 Summary

The summary page displays the settings you previously made. Click Install to start installing Oracle Database 1 1g. Figure 10 shows the installation progress bar.

13

Figure 10 Installation progress

After the installation, you will enter the database template page, as shown in Figure 1 1.

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Figure 11 Database template

Select Custom Database and click Next to enter the database identification page, as shown in Figure 12. Figure 12 Database identification

15

Enter the global database name and SID (the SID must be consistent with ORACLE_SID in Modifying the profile file), and click Next to enter the management options configuration page, as shown in Figure 13. Figure 13 Management options

Use the default settings and click Next to enter the database credentials configuration page, as shown in Figure 14.

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Figure 14 Database credentials

You can set different passwords for the database accounts SYS, SYSTEM, DBSNMP, and SYSMAN, or use the same password for all accounts. Then click Next to enter the storage options configuration page, as shown in Figure 15. CAUTION: For iMC to correctly identify the password of the user SYS during installation, make sure that the password does not contain any of the following characters: ` ' \ " ! ( ) & | \\ $ ; @ < > / ^ \t If you do not want to change the password of the user SYS, create a user with same privileges and make sure that the password does not contain any of the previous characters. For more information about creating a database user, see Creating a database user.

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Figure 15 Storage options

Select File System, and click Next to enter the database file location configuration page, as shown in Figure 16. Figure 16 Database file locations

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Select Use Database File Locations from Template and click Next to enter the database recovery configuration page, as shown in Figure 17. Figure 17 Recover database configuration

Use the default settings, and click Next to enter the database content configuration page, as shown in Figure 18.

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Figure 18 Set database content

Use the default settings and click Next. On the initialization parameters configuration page, configure the memory settings according to the installation type and physical memory size, as shown in Figure 19.

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Figure 19 Set initialization parameters

Typical is selected by default. See Table 1 for setting the memory size. Table 1 Value for setting memory size System memory
4G 6G 8G 10 G or larger

For centralized database

1400 M 2400 M 3600 M 4500 M

For standalone database

2400 M 3600 M 4800 M 5000 M

Click the Character Sets tab and set the character set for the database, as shown in Figure 20.

21

Figure 20 Set the character set

NOTE: You can set WE8ISO8859P1 for western European languages. Make sure the database character set is set correctly, or garbled characters may appear. For more information about setting database character set, see Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide at www.oracle.com. If you are not sure of the language, select Use Unicode (AL32UTF8) for the database character set. After setting the initialization parameters, click Next to enter the security settings page, as shown in Figure 21.

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Figure 21 Security settings

Use the default settings and click Next to enter the automatic maintenance tasks configuration page, as shown in Figure 22.

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Figure 22 Configure automatic maintenance tasks

Select Enable automatic maintenance tasks and click Next to enter the database storage configuration page, as shown in Figure 23.

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Figure 23 Configure the database storage

Select Tablespaces > USERS from the navigation tree to enter the General page. Select Use bigfile Tablespace and click Next to enter the database creation options page, as shown in Figure 24. Figure 24 Create database

25

Use the default settings and click Finish to start creating the database. After the database is created, a configuration script window appears, as shown in Figure 25. Figure 25 Execute configuration scripts

Open a terminal window, log in as the root user, and execute the scripts. Then on the configuration script window, click OK to complete installation, as shown in Figure 26.

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Figure 26 Complete installation

Click Exit to complete installing the database.

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Installing the Oracle database client

To deploy the iMC server and database server on different hosts, you must install the Oracle 1 1g client with the same version as the database server on the iMC server. For installation preparations, see the chapter Installation preparations. After restarting the operating system, log in to the system as an Oracle user. In the Oracle client installation directory, execute the following command:
$./runInstaller

The welcome page appears, as shown in Figure 27. Figure 27 Welcome page

Click Next to enter the inventory directory and credentials selection page, as shown in Figure 28.

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Figure 28 Specify inventory directory and credentials

Use default settings. Click Next to enter the installation type selection page, as shown in Figure 29.

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Figure 29 Select an installation type

Select Custom, and click Next to enter the location selection page, as shown in Figure 30.

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Figure 30 Select a location

Type the ORACLE_SID in the Name field. The value must be consistent with the ORACLE_SID of the database server for a correct connection. Use defaults for other settings, and click Next to enter product-specific prerequisite check page, as shown in Figure 31.

31

Figure 31 Product-specific prerequisite checks

The installation program checks the system environment, and displays the result. If your system environment settings meet the requirement, click Next to enter available product components page, as shown in Figure 32; if not, you must modify your system environment variables as prompted before going to the next step.

32

Figure 32 Available product components

Select the following components: Oracle SQLJ Oracle Database Utilities Oracle Java Client SQL *Plus Oracle JDBC/THIN Interfaces Oracle Call Interface (OCI) Oracle ODBC Driver Oracle SQL Developer

Click Next to enter the summary page, as shown in Figure 33.

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Figure 33 Summary page

Click Install to enter the installation page, as shown in Figure 34.

34

Figure 34 Install the product

The script execution page shown in Figure 35 appears during installation.

35

Figure 35 Execute the configuration scripts

Open a terminal window, and log in as the root user. Execute the scripts in the specified directory, as shown in Figure 36.

36

Figure 36 Execute the scripts

After executing the scripts, close the terminal window and return to the script execution page. Click OK to enter the end of installation page, as shown in Figure 37.

37

Figure 37 End of installation

Click Exit to complete the installation and start the database connectivity check process.

38

Configuring a network service name

CAUTION: If iMC servers deployed in distributed mode do not use the same database, do not configure network service names with the same name but different configurations for the iMC servers. When an iMC server does not use the local database server, you must configure a network service name for the iMC server to connect to its database server. The network service name includes the parameters, such as the name, host name, protocol, and database name. You can configure the network service name in the following ways: Execute the command as an Oracle user:
netca

The window for configuring an Oracle network service name appears. Figure 38 Welcome interface

Select Local Net Service Name configuration and click Next.

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Figure 39 Select an operation

Select Add and click Next. You can also select any other operation as needed. Figure 40 Service Name

40

Enter the service name of the database you want to access and click Next. An Oracle databases service name is normally its global database name. Figure 41 Select a protocol

Select transmission protocol TCP and click Next.

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Figure 42 Configure host name and port number

Enter the IP address of the database server, select Use the standard port number of 1521, and click Next. Figure 43 Perform a test

Select Yes, perform a test and click Next.

42

Figure 44 Test interface

The interface displays the test result of connecting to the Oracle database server. If the connection fails, click Change Login to change the login username and password. Figure 45 Change username and password

43

Still use the username system, enter the password (which was set during the database installation), and click OK. Figure 46 Test result

The interface shows that the connection is successful and you can access the Oracle database server. Click Next.

44

Figure 47 Enter a name for the network service name

Enter a name for the network service name. This name is automatically added to the list for selecting a network service name when you install iMC. Click Next. Figure 48 Whether to configure another network service name

45

If you want to configure another network service name, select Yes and click Next. If not, select No and click Next. Figure 49 Complete network service name configuration

Click Next to complete network service name configuration.

46

Figure 50 Finish

Click Finish. To illustrate the network service name configuration, take the following application scenarios for example: Scenario 1: If Server A (master iMC server), and Servers B and C (subordinate iMC servers) use local databases and have been configured with network service names TNSNAME_A for connecting to Server A, TNSNAME_B for connecting to Server B, and TNSNAME_C for connecting to Server C, respectively, you must configure the other two unavailable network service names for each server, for example, TNSNAME_B and TNSNAME_C for Server A. The configuration of the same network service name must be the same. Scenario 2: If Server A (master iMC server), and Servers B and C (subordinate iMC servers) use a separate database server DBServer_D and have been configured with a network service name TNSNAME_D for connecting to DBServer_D, Servers A, B, and C can use the network service name TNSNAME_D when you install iMC on them. NOTE: The network service names in the example are for illustration only.

47

Managing Oracle database 11g

To operate the database, you must log in to the system as oracle. Perform the commands in the subsequent sections as the oracle user unless otherwise specified. NOTE: The following operations apply only to the Oracle database server.

Enabling the Oracle service manually

1.

Enable the listener controller

After rebooting the operating system, enable the listener controller using the following commands:
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin $ ./lsnrctl start

To view the status of the listener controller named lsnrctl, use the following command:
$ ./lsnrctl service

2.

Enable the Oracle database

After ensuring that you have successfully started up the listener controller, start up the Oracle database with the following commands:
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin $ ./sqlplus sys/ora123 as sysdba SQL>startup SQL>exit

where, sys is the name of the administrator user of the Oracle database, and the user password is ora123. After running the preceding commands, you can successfully start up the Oracle database.

Configuring Oracle database 11g

After the installation, make some configurations by changing the configuration file directly, or using the tool netmgr offered by Oracle. The following parts of this section specify how to configure the Oracle database using netmgr. Tool netmgr locates in the $ORACLE_HOME/bin/ directory. To enable netmgr, use the following commands:
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin/ $ ./netmgr &

Adding the database service for a listener

On page Oracle Net Manager, select node LISTENER from the navigation tree. Select Database Services from the list box and then click Add Database. Specify the global database name, Oracle home directory, and the SID specified during the Oracle installation. Make sure the global database name and the SID are the same as those configured in the database identification page (see Figure 12). The detailed configurations are shown in Figure 51.

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Figure 51 Add the database service for a listener

Setting the maximum number of Oracle processes and Oracle connection limit
By default, the Oracle database allows 150 connections at most. When multiple iMC modules are deployed in centralized mode, or database errors occur on some iMC modules, you must set a proper maximum number of Oracle processes and a proper Oracle connection limit. For more information about the configuration procedure, see the chapter FAQ in HP Intelligent Management Center Getting Started Guide.

Shutting down the Oracle service manually

To shut down the Oracle service, you need to shut down the Oracle database first, and then the listener controller.
1.

Shut down the Oracle database

Perform the following commands:

$ ./sqlplus sys/ora123 as sysdba SQL>shutdown immediate SQL>exit

where, sys is the name of the administrator user of the Oracle database, and the user password is ora123.
2.

Shut down the listener controller

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin $ ./lsnrctl stop

49

Now, the Oracle service is shut down.

Configuring Oracle automatic startup

To achieve Oracle automatic startup at the Linux operating system startup, register Oracle as the system service.
1.

Copy the script file named oracled.tar.gz to the Linux operating system and then use the following command to unzip the file:

tar -xzf oracled.tar.gz

NOTE: The oracled.tar.gz file is in the manual/db/Oracle directory of the iMC installation package.
2.

Copy the unzipped file to the directory of /etc/rc.d/init.d/. (Execute the cp command as a root user.) Modify the attribute value of the file to 755 with the command chmod. (Execute the chmod command as a root user.) Execute the service register command as a root user: Edit the Oracle configuration file /etc/oratab, and change the last line:

cp oracled /etc/rc.d/init.d/

3.

chmod R 755 oracled

4. 5.

chkconfig --add oracled

vi /etc/oratab

Change the line:

orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1:N

to:
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1:Y

6.

You can use the commands of service oracled start and service oracled stop to start and stop Oracle services.

Creating a database user

Follow these steps to create a database user:
1.

Log in to the Oracle database as the user SYS:

./sqlplus sys/iMC123 as sysdba

sys is the username and iMC123 is the password.

2.

Create a user imc:

create user imc identified by imcpassword;

imc is the username and imcpassword is the password. CAUTION: For iMC to correctly identify the password during installation, make sure that the password does not contain any of the following characters: ` ' \ " ! ( ) & | \\ $ ; @ < > / ^ \t
3.

Grant the sysdba privilege to the user:

50

grant sysdba to imc;

NOTE: Database users must be granted with the sysdba privilege for connecting to the database. Otherwise, deployment errors occur.

Setting the character set for the Oracle client

After installing the Oracle database using the previous steps, you must set the NLS_LANG environment variable to comply with the client language environment. To make the NLS_LANG environment variable automatically take effect with the system loading, modify the /etc/profile file as follows: To set the language environment variables for client character set NLS_LANG, use these commands for different languages: English
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8IS08859P1 export NLS_LANG

Other languages

Set a proper character set with the following format.

NLS_LANG=LANGUAGE_NATIONAL.CHARACTERSET export NLS_LANG

TIP: You can set WE8ISO8859P1 for western European languages. Make sure the character set is set correctly, or garbled characters may appear. For more information about setting the client character set, see Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide at www.oracle.com.

Setting database storage space

If you install the database by following the steps above, skip this section for you have specified big file table space. The size of a file in the Oracle database is up to 32 G. If no big file system is specified, you should add files to the USERS table space to provide storage space after installing the database. The number of files then will be added depends on the disk space needed for all iMC components. For example, if iMC needs 190 G to manage more than 5000 devices, you should create at least six files (190 G/32 G = 5.9375). If a database has several iMC components installed, create files according to the total needed size of the components.

Setting database storage space in the web interface

1.

Log in to the operating system as the oracle user, and use the emctl start dbconsole command to start up the web management system. Access the website https://ip address:1158/em. ip address is the IP address of the Oracle server. Log in to the web interface as the SYSTEM user. Select Server > Datafiles, as shown in Figure 52.

[oracle@localhost bin]$ emctl start dbconsole

2. 3.

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Figure 52 Database instance management interface

The data file management interface appears after you click Datafiles, as shown in Figure 53. Figure 53 Data file management interface

4.

Select the data file of the USERS table space and click Go next to Create like to enter the page, as shown in Figure 54.

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Figure 54 Create a data file

5.

Type the file name and file directory. You can also use the default directory for file directory. When finishing all the settings, click OK.

Repeat these steps to add more data files. If your system has multiple disks, distribute the files on different disks for I/O load balancing.

Setting database storage space through SQL sentences

1.

Log in to your operating system as the oracle user, and then log in to the Oracle database as the sys user with the following commands.

[root@iMCServer ~]#su - oracle [oracle@iMCServer ~]$sqlplus sys/syspassword@orcl as sysdba

syspassword is the password of the sys user, and orcl is the Oracle instance.
2.

Perform the following SQL sentence to check the number of data files in the USERS table space and file directory.

SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='USERS'; FILE_NAME ----------------------------------------------------------/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

The output shows that the files are saved in the directory /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/.
3.

Add users02.dbf in the directory. Use the following sentence to add a data file in the new directory.

SQL> alter tablespace USERS add datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/userdata02.dbf' size 100M autoextend on next 100M maxsize UNLIMITED;

You can add many data files with these steps.

Modifying database memory parameters

If the database memory parameters are not specified in the chapter Installing Oracle database 1 1g, follow these steps to set the memory parameters.

53

1.

Log in to your operating system as the oracle user, and then log in to the Oracle database as the sys user with the following commands.

[root@iMCServer ~]# su - oracle [oracle@iMCServer ~]$ sqlplus sys/syspassword@orcl as sysdba

syspassword is the password of the sys user, and orcl is the Oracle instance.
2.

Set the MEMORY_TARGET with the following sentence. For the reference value, see Table 1.

SQL> alter system set MEMORY_TARGET=1700M scope=spfile;

Setting user password lifetime of the Oracle database

By default, the user password lifetime of the Oracle database is 180 days. You can follow these steps to set a password to Unlimited.
1.

Log in to your operating system as the oracle user, and then log in to the Oracle database as the sys user with the following commands.

[root@iMCServer ~]#su - oracle [oracle@iMCServer ~]$sqlplus sys/syspassword@orcl as sysdba

syspassword is the password of the sys user, and orcl is the Oracle instance.
2.

Use the following commands to set and display the password of the sys user.

SQL> select * from dba_profiles s where s.profile='DEFAULT' and resource_name='PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME'; PROFILE RESOURCE_NAME RESOURCE LIMIT ----------------------------------------------------------DEFAULT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME PASSWORD 180dys

The output shows that the lifetime of the user is 180 days.
3.

Use the following commands to set the user password to Unlimited.

SQL> ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;

The modification takes effect immediately without rebooting your database and the password will never expire.

Changing user passwords of the Oracle database

If a user password uses the default lifetime, you must change the password before the user runs for 180 days. You can view all the existing iMC users in the $IMCROOT/common/conf/server-addr.xml file. The username in each db-config represents a user account. If your iMC components are not installed at the same time, query the expiration date of user passwords by executing the following SQL sentence:
Select * from dba_users where username = database username

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Figure 55 The query result

To change a user password, follow these steps:

1. 2.

Using database administrators account to change the user password Updating the user password in the iMC configuration file

If the new password is the same as the one to be expired, you do not need to update the user password in the iMC configuration file. If you change the password in Oracle or iMC without updating the iMC configuration files, the user account will be locked because of inconsistent passwords. For how to unlock a user account, see Unlocking a database user. The following examples illustrate how to change the password of user imc_config, and how to unlock the user. IMPORTANT: Stop iMC before you change passwords. After you complete changing user passwords, start iMC.

Using database administrators account to change the user password

1.

Query the password of the Oracle database user by executing the pwdmgr.sh -query script provided by iMC.

Figure 56 Query the password of the imc_config user

As shown in Figure 56, the password of the imc_config user is iMC5_u4b22q.

2.

Log in to your operating system as the oracle user, and then log in to the Oracle database as the sys user with the following commands:
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[root@iMCServer ~]# su - oracle [oracle@iMCServer ~]$ sqlplus sys/syspassword@orcl as sysdba

syspassword is the password of the sys user, and orcl is the Oracle instance.
3.

Execute the following SQL sentence to change the password of a specified user.

SQL>alter user imc_config identified by dbpasswd

dbpasswd is the new password of user imc_config.

Updating the user password in the iMC configuration file

Use the following commands to update the password of user imc_config in the iMC configuration file.
[root@daemon8829 iMC]# cd deploy/ [root@daemon8829 iMC]# ./pwdmgr.sh modify 127.0.0.1 orcl imc_config dbpasswd Change password successfully

dbpasswd is the new password of the user, and is the same as that configured in Using database administrators account to change the user password. orcl is the Oracle instance, and 127.0.0.1 is the IP address of the Oracle database. For information about the Oracle instance and the IP address of the Oracle database, see the $IMCROOT/common/conf/server-addr.xml file. If the password of an iMC component expires, change the database user password in the iMC configuration file by using the same commands. NOTE: The usernames and passwords used by the iMC modules are stored in cipher text in file \common\conf\ server-addr.xml in the installation path. You can use the ./pwdmgr command to obtain passwords in clear text or update the latest passwords to the file. Usually, a user can use the database management tool to change the database password of a certain iMC module. To ensure communication between iMC and the database, use the ./pwdmgr command to update the corresponding password in file server-addr.xml. If iMC is deployed in distributed mode, you must update the password for every iMC server. TIP: You must set password sqlsql for the report database in iMC, or the database does not work. If you have installed UAM/EAD V3.60 and its patches, change passwords for user ead in the following configuration files. Table 2 Change passwords for user ead File
iMC\uam\etc\uam.conf iMC\portal\conf\portal.properties iMC\uamjob\conf\uamjob.properties iMC\ead\conf\server.xml

Variable name
DBUserPassword database.password database.password password

Remarks
If you are using E6301, E6301P01, or E6301H02, modify the value for variable PlatDBUserPassword in the iMC\uam\etc\uam.conf file to the password for user imc_config. The uamjob directory exists only in the E6301L03 and later versions.

If you have installed the DAM component, set the password in the iMC\dam\conf\server.xml file to the password for DAM database user account dam.
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If you have installed the UAM, EAD, or CAMS E6301 version and changed the database user password, you must change the passwords of all database users listed in the iMC/deploy/conf/ component-env.xml file before you can upgrade the components.

Unlocking a database user

If iMC services cannot start after you change user passwords, a user account is locked. To check which user account is locked, use the user accounts with passwords changed to log in to the Oracle system at the command line interface (CLI). If a user account is locked, a message shown in Figure 57 appears. Figure 57 The user is locked

In this example, user imc_config is locked. Log in to the Oracle database as administrator sys, and execute the following command to unlock the user:
SQL> ALTER USER imc_config ACCOUNT UNLOCK;

After the user is unlocked, change the password for the user in Oracle and iMC, and make sure that the two passwords are consistent. If you do not want to lock a user that is attempting multiple times to log in with a wrong password, execute the following command:
SQL> ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS UNLIMITED;

Use the command with caution because the database will never lock such user.

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Installing iMC
After completing all the configurations, reboot your operating system and log in to it as the root user. For information about how to install iMC, see iMC Installation Guide. TIP: After installing iMC, use the following commands to enable the iMC deployment monitoring agent. root@Linux-105 /opt/iMC/deploy]# ./dms.sh start root@Linux-105 /opt/iMC/deploy]# ./dma.sh

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FAQ
How to handle the case where the system displays that the space is not enough when creating the database instance?
Check whether you have the file in the etc/sysctl.conf directory correctly configured. For more information, see Adjusting kernel parameters.

How to handle garbled characters displayed on iMC?

The garbled characters may be caused by the following reasons: Incorrect character set for the database Garbled characters may appear if you set the character set that is incompatible to iMC. For example, you set the English character set for Chinese iMC system. To solve this problem, reinstall the Oracle database, and select the correct character set. Incorrect character set for the clients Garbled characters may appear when NLS_LANG is not correctly set or modified during iMC operation. To solve this problem, correct the environment variable and restart the server and iMC. Incorrect environment variables for the server and the default installation of the Oracle database If you install the Oracle database by using the default mode, the Oracle is set with the default character set according to the LANG environment variables, which may not be correctly set. For example, if you use the default installation where LANG is C to install a database of Japanese character set, WE8ISO8859P1 will be set as the character set, so garbled characters appear. To solve this problem, follow the correct steps to re-install the Oracle database. You can follow the steps as in to install the Oracle database. TIP:

Globalization Support Guide in the Oracle at www.oracle.com.

For more information about setting the database and client character sets, see Oracle Database

How to verify if the environment variables take effect?

Execute the command echo $variable name to verify if the configurations about the home directory, Oracle LIB, and Oracle instance take effect. For example:
#echo $ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1 #echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/lib #echo $ORACLE_SID orcl

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