Mechanical with Laboratory

(Engineering in Energy)

Practice No. 10

Decomposition of forces on an inclined plane

Members
Luis Enrique Hernndez Guadarrama Luis Ivan Arredondo Cruz

Team No. 2 Group: D1

Teacher: Toms Salazar Alemn

Delivery date: April 10, 2013

Decomposition of forces on an inclined plane

Material: 2 stand rails 30 cm 1 rod 50 cm 1 rail bond 1 round bosshead 1 sliding saddle with setscrew 1 holder for dynamometer 2 slotted masses 50 g 2 dynamometers 2 N 1 trolley 1 measuring tape 1 pair of scissors String

A force can be divided in two or more component forces. An example for this is the decomposition of the force of weight on an inclined plane.

Preparation: Arrange according to the illustration. The two stand rails are assembled by means of the rail bond to serve as the track. The 50 cm rod is clamped in the hole at one end of the rail. The other end of the rod is clamped in the round bosshead. The rail is set up by means of the rod in such a way that it forms an inclined plane. The rod in the rail is moved in such a way that the lifted end of the track is 24 cm above the table-top.

The holder for dynamometer is adjusted in the sliding saddle with setscrew. The dynamometer is fixed with its upper (non-transparent) part in the holder. The zeropoint of the dynamometer is fixed exactly in that position. A piece of string is fixed in the drill hole of the trolley. The dynamometer is hung into this loop. A second loop is attached to the top of the trolley. The second dynamometer is hung this loop and held in such a way that it is in the same position as the track. Its zeropoint is to be adjusted in this position before measuring.

Experiment: the trolley is first used without slotted mass. It has a mass of 50 g. The dynamometer is at right angles to the inclined plane and is held in such a position that the trolley is just touching the track. The forces indicated by the two dynamometers are read and listed in the chart. First one 50 g slotted mass and then 2 50 g slotted masses are put on the track and the forces are defined again. The mass of the trolley then is 100 g and 150 g. the results are listed in the chart.

difference in altitude h 12 cm 12 cm 12 cm 24 cm 24 cm 24 cm

Gradient h/l 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,4 0,4 0,4

Mass

Force of weight 0,5 N 1N 1,5 N 0,5 N 1N 1,5 N

Descending Rectangular force Fh force Fn .N .N .N .N .N .N .N .N .N .N .N .N

50 g 100 g 150 g 50 g 100 g 150 g

A parallelogram of forces is drawn by choosing appropriate scales for the measurements of the inclined plane and the forces. Make sure that the force of weight corresponds to the diagonal of the parallelogram of forces.

Conclution

In practice the calculation performed in dynamometers force necessary for the system to hold up the weight of the cart, for we use two dynamometers 2 N each, 2 cases were handled depending on the height of the slope, a 12 cm and a height of 24 cm as in method required us, also the weight of the car plus a single weighing 50 g in total were handled 3, the first 50 g, 50 g and after two equal third 50 g . This exercise served to denote the force needed to hold the body of an object something like a particle balance. In practice, handled two ways, forming a sort of L tilted, which is represented by the basket that held dynamometers.

Luis Ivan Arredondo Cruz

Mechanical with Laboratory

(Engineering in Energy)

Practice No. 11

Frictional force
Members
Luis Enrique Hernndez Guadarrama Luis Ivan Arredondo Cruz

Team No. 2 Group: D1

Teacher: Toms Salazar Alemn

Delivery date: April 10, 2013

Frictional force
Material: 1 block aluminum 1 block iron, small 1 trolley 1 dynamometer 2 N 2 slotted masses 50 g

The frictional force is to be measured with sliding and rolling motion. Preparation: The weight of the aluminum-block and the small iron-block are defined. The weight of the small iron-block should be the same as the weight of the aluminum-block. Weight of the aluminum-block..N Weight of the small iron-block..N

1. Experiment: Arrange the aluminum-block so that the hook is in a longitudinal direction. The 2 N dynamometer is hung onto this hook. The block is put on a piece of paper which need not be too smooth and is loaded by two 50 g slotted masses. The total weight is..N The aluminum-block is pulled by the dynamometer until it starts moving. The maximum force which appears is called,,static friction. The static friction at a weight of 2 N is..N

2. Experiment: The aluminum-block is now pulled by the dynamometer in such a way that it moves comparatively steadily. The force indicated by the dynamometer is called ,,sliding friction The sliding friction at a weight of 2 N is.N

3. Experiment: the aluminum-block is replaced by the small iron-block which is loaded with two slotted masses as well. The weight has remained the same but the area of bearing is smaller now. Similar to the second experiment the sliding friction is defined. Has it become smaller? Sliding friction at smaller area of bearing:.N

4. Experiment: The two slotted masses are removed from the iron-block so that the weight is approximately cut in half. Then the sliding friction is measured again. Sliding friction without additional load (weight 1 N):.N

5. Experiment: The iron-block is reloaded with two 50 g slotted masses and the influence of the surface on the sliding friction is to be investigates. The sliding friction is metered when moving the body across a tissue and a smooth sheet of paper. Sliding friction at a weight of 2 N on a tissue::.N

Conclution

In this practice perform measurements on a dynamometer with the force needed to move the body subject to one of its ends, for we use 2N dynamometer pin it from one end to the other weighing and force for which we applied move with the object you dragged. In practice this procedure we managed several experiments where the load that would pull the dynamometer was increased depending on the case, weights were used 50 g of aluminum cubes 50 g 50 g iron, corresponding annotations were made and the number of force DeNoto in that in each case N was needed to move the bodies.

Luis Ivan Arredondo Cruz