SDCCH Success Rate Analysis-Nokia System-2 Problem Analysis : 1. Check possibility Co. or Adj.

Interference and clear the BCCH frequency. 2. Check SDCCH utilization and add SDCCH if needed. 3. Change TRP or change SDCCH allocation on TRX with good quality based on ND 196. 4. Check TRX alarm (mostly 7745 together with7743 or 7746). Check TRX configuration. 6. Check TA distribution, coverage distribution and propose physical tune. 3. Optimizing parameter C2 also if Location update is the highest contributor of SD Drop. 4. Highest contributor: Fail on RADIO, ABIS, A_IF, TR or LAPD. 5. Check TRX alarm (mostly 7745 alone or together with 7743) 7. Check RX Lev Access Min and Max Number of Retransmission. Check RACH Rejected and SDCCH request (fails or ghost).

2G Optimization

Remember that

Low Signal strength is one of the reason of drop call. It can be indicated by many calls disconnected at low signal strength by subscriber, drop calls due to excessive TA, poor handover performance and poor call setup performance. What could be the probable reasons
Probable Reason Poor BSC

High LOWSSDL & LOWSSUL will give more drop reason due to SS and this might not show the actual drop. It is because drop due to SS is more priority than Quality. No dominant Cell might be isolated or cell standalone. Antenna tilt & Too much downtilt sometimes orientation might not cover a larger area and the subscriber might lose the SS.

Exchange Property setting

Output Power Low output power might cause smaller border cell. Just try to observed what could be the right cause :The following procedure should be performed for low signal strength analysis: 1:

Identify the baseline requirement of design and BSC exchange property (setting for LOWSSUL/LOWSSDL). 2: Check the value for LOWSSDL & LOWSSUL. If it is higher than ACCMIN, change the parameter to a reasonable value since the drop reason will be more priority to SS compared to Quality. 3: Check the site position, antenna direction, position etc. This is to ensure the possible location is open to interference (open water environment) or isolated. Good map is needed for this. 4: Check if the site is sectorized or Omni. If it is Omni, set the cell into sectorized cell. 5: Check if the signal strength is uplink or downlink limited. Mostly, It is designed to be downlink limited. 6: Check the coverage cover expected area from the planet. If it is not, check the antenna tilt and orientation. Change the direction or tilt if it is too much downtilt or pointing to a wrong direction. 7:

Sometime, low output power might cause low SS. Check output power and if it is low, increase the output power. 8: Check cell whether it has hotspots from drivetests. If found, adding new site is recommend. 9: In order to check power distribution, run Cell Traffic Recording (CTR) to that particular cell. 10: Check if the cell has indoor coverage problem. If yes, add micro site instead.

TCH Assignment Analysis

Successful assignments show the number of successful TCH allocations at call setup. At unsuccessful assignment, the Assignment Complete message, sent by the MS, was never received by the BTS.

The formula is defined as:

% TCH ASSIGNMENT SUCCESS RATE = TFCASSALL X 100 % TASSATT

Probable Reason No dominant serving The serving cell cannot cope with the cell TCH traffic. Severe congestion on Failing TCH allocation for assignment TCH or handover due to congestion Low signal strength The signal strength might be higher on for call access the BCCH than on the TCH. Interference Disturbance on SDCCH or target TCH Faulty transceiver Faulty equipment

The following procedure should be performed for TCH Assignment analysis: 1: For TCH assignment success rate, the first thing, check the TCH Time Congestion. 2: If there is congestion on TCH, it is recommend doing the dimensioning and adding TRU based on carried TCH traffic demand. 3: If there is no congestion on TCH, check the output power of the BTS. If the output power is low, increase the output power. 4: If the output power is ok, check the faulty BTS by extracting BTS error log. 5: If hardware fault found, swap or repair HW. Perform drivetests to check the coverage and received RxLEV. 6: If no dominant cell or similar signal strengths of a few cells found during drivetests, it is recommended to add BTS. 7: If there is no problem on the dominant cell, check the interference whether co-channel or adjacent channel. 8: Check the disturbance whether it is on SDCCH or target TCH. If disturbance found, improve the frequency plan.

Mostly, the problems of low TCH assignment are TCH availability and interference. Interference Analysis

The following procedure should be performed for interference analysis: Check the drop call performance for that particular cell. When the interference problem occurs in the cell, the drop call will be higher than usual. This might depends on the severity of the interference whether it is co-channel or adjacent channel. Check the handover performance of the cell. The HO performance will also look bad especially when you look into the neighbor relation that has interference. For e.g. adjacent channel. (CNA consistency checking can detect this) Check the antenna direction, position etc. This is to see whether the direction covers the right area, open space area (this can be seen by having good and updated map) Check if the site is a dragon site. If the site is a dragon site, it might be possible to get interfered by cochannel from far away. Check the co-channel sites, if found, change frequency and see the result. Mostly, changing the frequency will solve the interference problem. Check the Intracell handover (normally for Intracell handover 25% Uplink and 75% Downlink) and if the variation is different from this. Intracell handover usually indicates bad quality and high signal strength.

Too high number of intracell handover show a bad quality cell and if possible, you can reduce the number of intracell handover of MAXIHO to a smaller value based on the channel group. Locate the interference from statistics based on MS reversion to old channel of total attempt. High number of reversion will show that the target frequency might be interfered. Check the statistics from Outgoing Handover decision due to bad quality Uplink or Downlink from handover decision. High decision of handover due to quality will show the direction of interference. Check if the interference is uplink interference (this might be an interference from other MSs) by analyze the ICM band for other band (not include band 1). If found on ICM > 3, change frequency. Check the MS power regulation setting. If any poor setting found, correct the parameter. Improper setting of MS power regulation might cause interference. The feature used to reduce the MS power when the MS is near to the BTS and hoping that it might not interfere the uplink. Check if the frequency hopping on or off. If more than 1 TRU, turn on the frequency hopping. Turning on the frequency will help to reduce interference by interference averaging. Check if DTXU feature is on or off. If off, turn the DTX feature on. This will save the battery in the MS and reduce the interference. If the interference is downlink (causing by other BTS interference), Check BTS power regulation. If any poor setting found, correct parameter setting. Check if DTXD feature is on or off. If off, turn the DTX feature on. This is used to reduce interference and decrease BTS power consumption If changing frequency or parameter cannot solve the interference for both uplink & downlink, it might be external interference. Check antenna installation, ensure that the antenna is correctly installed Check if another mobile network like AMPS is near to the location. Check from the statistics if there is any pattern of bad quality reason. For example, for surveillance purpose, the CCTV or wireless alarm system might be turn on during nighttime only. If external interference problem occurs, do drive test and report the usage of the frequency to authorities.

HOSR Analysis Probable Reasons of Bad Handover Performance

---Neighboring Cell Relation Action:Add neighbor cell relation. ---Missed measurement frequencies in BA-list Action:Check measurement frequencies list. ---Permitted Network Color Code problem Action:Check NCC Permitted ---HW faults. Action: Check BTS error log. ---Blocking on Target Cell Action:Remove Blocking on Tager Cell

---Congestion A high congestion might lead to dragged calls (handover performed at a not intended location) and a lot of unsuccessful handovers. Action: Check TCH congestion. ---Timer Expire After MS is Lost The MS never answers the base station. Action: Check coverage. Check interference. ---Link Connection or HW Failure Action: Check BTS error log. Perform site visit. Perform link performance measurements. ---Bad Antenna Installation Action: Perform site survey and check antenna installation. Check antenna cabling.

---Many Neighbors Defined Many defined measurement frequencies defined (>16) will decrease the accuracy of the mobile measurements to locate the best six servers. Many measurement frequencies mean few samples per frequency and problem for mobiles to decode the BSIC. Action: Check number of definitions. ---Delayed Handover Decision A delayed handover decision can be due to congestion in the target cell. Action: Check handover parameters. ---Wrong Locating Parameter Setting Action: Check locating parameters. ---Bad Radio Coverage Action: Check coverage plots. ---High Interference, Co-Channel or Adjacent The potential handover candidate is disturbed by interference. Outgoing handover due to bad uplink quality may indicate interference from co-channel another MS. On the border, the quality may be rather bad and the signal strength low. Bad downlink quality may indicate interference from another cochannel base station. Action: Check interference. Check if many handovers are performed due to downlink or uplink bad quality. ---Receiver Antenna Problem or RBS HW problems (in candidate cell) Action: Check antenna installation. Check RBS HW and Error log of the target cell ---Poor Inter-MSC/BSC Handover Performance For outer or external cell, wrong definitions in either MSC or BSC may be reason for the problem. Action: Check inter-MSC/BSC handover performance.

---Incorrect Down Tilt Action: Perform site survey and check antenna installation. Solution: Correct antenna tilting.