Syllabus coverage by book chapter

Chapter 1 Planet Earth

Topic Syllabus section
11 11S 11; introduction 11 11S 11 11 11S 11 11 introduction 10.3; 13 14.2 introduction 6.2 6.2S

! The water cycle ! The carbon cycle ! The nitrogen cycle ! The composition and uses of the gases in the air ! The separation of air into its components ! The sources of air pollution ! The problems of air pollution and their solution ! Greenhouse gases and climate change ! The water cycle ! Water treatment and sewage treatment ! The pollution of water ! Metal ores and limestone ! Fossil fuels and the problems they cause ! Alternative sources of energy ! Hydrogen as a fuel ! The hydrogen fuel cell
Chapter 2 The nature of matter
Topic

Syllabus section
1 2.2b 2.2b 2.2b 2.2b 2.2b 2.2a; 2.2aS 2.2a 3.2 3.1 1 1 & 1S 3.1 3.1 3.1 4 3.1 3.1
Syllabus contents per chapter

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The three states of matter, and changes of state Separating and purifying substances Filtration Use of separating funnel Evaporation and crystallisation Distillation Paper chromatography Criteria of purity Elements and compounds Atomic theory The kinetic theory and changes of state Diffusion Atomic structure and sub-atomic particles Proton (atomic) number and nucleon (mass) number Isotopes Relative atomic mass Uses of radioactivity The arrangement of electrons in atoms

Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry

Chapter 3 Elements and compounds

Topic Syllabus section
9 9.1 9.1S 9.2 9.2 9.4 9.1 9.3 3.2S 3.2 3.2 3.2 4 4 3.2S 3.2S 3.2

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The structure of the Periodic Table Metals and non-metals in the Periodic Table Electron arrangement in the Periodic Table Trends in Group 1 the alkali metals Trends in Group 7 the halogens The noble gases Trends across a period The transition elements Bonding in metals Bonding in non-metals Bonding in covalent compounds Bonding in ionic compounds Formulae and names of ionic compounds Formulae and names of covalent compounds The nature of metal crystals and alloys The nature of ionic crystals The nature of giant covalent structures

Chapter 4 Chemical reactions

Topic Syllabus section
introduction 4 7.3 7.3S 4S 4S 5 5; 5S 5S 5S 5 5S

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The differences between physical and chemical changes Word equations and balanced chemical equations for reactions Different types of chemical reaction, including oxidation/reduction Oxidation and reduction as the transfer of electrons The use of state symbols in an equation The writing of ionic equations Electricity and chemistry conductivity of metals The electrolysis of ionic compounds Industrial applications of electrolysis extraction of aluminium the electrolysis of concentrated brine electroplating the rening of copper

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Syllabus contents per chapter

Chapter 5 Acids, bases and salts

Topic Syllabus section

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Common acids where and how they occur 8.1 Organic acids and mineral acids 8.1 The pH scale 8.1 Indicators the colour changes of litmus and Universal Indicator 8.1 The ions present in acid and alkali solutions 8.1 The differences between acids and alkalis 8.1 The acidbase properties of non-metal oxides and metal oxides 8.2 Neutral and amphoteric oxides 8.2S Some common examples of the importance of acids and pH, including soil pH and plant growth 8.1 Alkalis and bases 8.1 Uses of common alkalis, bases, and antacids including indigestion treatments, the treatment of acid soils, and waste water treatment 8.1 Characteristic reactions of acids 8.1 with metals with alkalis and bases, called neutralisation with metal carbonates Acids and alkalis in the analysis of salts 8.1; 8.4 The importance of common salt (sodium chloride) introduction The solubility of salts in water 8.3 The preparation of soluble salts by various methods, including titration 8.3 Choosing a method of salt preparation 8.3S The preparation of insoluble salts by precipitation 8.3S Strong acids and strong alkalis are completely ionised in water 8.1S Weak acids and weak alkalis are partially dissociated into ions in water 8.1S The ionic reactions in acidbase neutralisation 8.1S Acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors 8.1S The basicity of acids 8.1S

Chapter 6 Quantitative chemistry

Topic Syllabus section
4 4 4 4 4.1S 4.1S 4.1S 4.1S 4.1S 4.1S 4.1S 4.1S 4.1S 4.1S
Syllabus contents per chapter

! The relative atomic mass of elements ! The relative formula mass of compounds ! Calculating the percentage by mass of an element in a compound ! That substances react in xed proportions by mass ! The mole as the accounting unit in chemistry ! Simple calculations on the mole ! The empirical formula of a compound ! Molecular formula of a compound ! The mole and reacting masses calculations ! Percentage yield and percentage purity ! Calculations involving gases ! The concentration of solutions ! The titration of acid and alkali solutions ! Solubility curves
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Chapter 7 How far? How fast?

Topic Syllabus section
6.1 6.1 6.1S 6.1S 6.2 7.1 7.1 7.1; 7.1S 7.1 7.1S 7.1S 7.1S 7.2 7.2S 7.2S

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Exothermic and endothermic reactions Experiments on heat of reaction Breaking bonds in a reaction as an endothermic process Making bonds as an exothermic process Heat of reaction for burning fuels Factors affecting the rate of reaction The role of catalysts in a reaction Experiments on rates of reaction Enzymes as biological catalysts Collision theory and activation energy Photochemical reactions photosynthesis Photography using silver salts Some reactions are reversible Chemical equilibrium The Haber process as an industrially important reversible reaction the effect of changing conditions

Chapter 8 Patterns and properties of metals

Topic Syllabus section
9.2 10.2S 9.3 10.2; 10.2S 10.3 10.2S 6.2S

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The alkali metals trends in properties Aluminium and its protective oxide layer The transition elements distinctive properties of these metals The reactivity series Methods of extraction in relation to reactivity Metal displacement reactions Electrochemical cells link to reactivity

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Syllabus contents per chapter

Chapter 9 Industrial inorganic chemistry

Topic Syllabus section
10.3 10.3 11; 11S 10.3S 5S 5S 11S 11 12S 12S 5S 5; 11 13 13 introduction introduction introduction introduction

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The production of iron in the blast furnace Steel making Rusting of iron and its prevention The extraction of zinc The extraction of copper The extraction of aluminium The HaberBosch process for the manufacture of ammonia Manufacture and use of fertilisers The contact process for the manufacture of sulfuric acid The uses of sulfur compounds The commercial electrolysis of brine The uses of chlorine Limestone and its uses The production of lime and its uses The economics of the chemical industry The siting of chemical plants The environmental cost of industry Recycling

Chapter 10 Organic chemistry

Topic Syllabus section
introduction 14.1 14.1; 14.1S 14.3S 14.4 14.5; 14.5S 14.5; 14.5S 14.5S 14.6 14.6; 14.8(b) 14.8(b) 14.6; 14.7S 14.7S 14.7S 14.7S 14.8(b)

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The unique properties of carbon Hydrocarbons as compounds of carbon and hydrogen only The alkanes and their properties Isomerism The halogen compounds of the alkanes The alkenes The reactivity of the CC double bond in alkenes Addition reactions The alcohols as a homologous series Fermentation as a source of ethanol Comparing the methods of ethanol production The reactions of ethanol Carboxylic acids as a homologous series Ethanoic acid as a weak acid Esterication Soap-making (saponication)

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Syllabus contents per chapter

Chapter 11 Petrochemicals and polymers

Topic Syllabus section
14.2 14.2 14.5 introduction 11S 14.5; 14.8(a)S 14.8(a)S; 14.8(b)S 14.8(a)S 14.8(b)S 14.8(b)S 14.8(b)S

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Fossil fuels The formation and fractional distillation of petroleum Catalytic cracking Alternative transport fuels Biogas Addition polymerisation Condensation polymerisation The disposal and recycling of plastic waste Biological condensation polymers proteins carbohydrates food

Chapter 12 Chemical analysis and investigation

Topic Syllabus section
8.4 8.4 8.4 2.1 8.1 7.2; 2.2 14.5 14.7 2.2

! Testing for anions ! Testing for cations ! Testing for gases ! Collecting and drying gases ! Testing pH ! Testing for water ! Test for unsaturated hydrocarbons ! Ethanol and ethanoic acid ! Chromatography ! the nature of the scientic method ! planning experimental investigations ! controlling variables ! sources of error and the display of results ! interpreting observations and data

The following areas are assessed in the practical assessment part of the examination. This assessment is the same for all candidates.

Cambridge University Press IGCSE Chemistry

Syllabus contents per chapter