Cancer Immunology SBM 3033

Ridhwan Abdul Wahab 10/12/2012

Evidence for tumor immunity

spontaneous regression regression of metastases after removal of primary tumor infiltrations of tumors by lymphocytes and macrophages lymphocyte proliferation in draining lymph nodes increased cancer risk after immunosuppression and immunodeficiency

Introduction
tumor cells differ from normal cells => recognition as foreign immune responses fail to prevent tumor growth external activation of the immune system

Cancer Talking.....
tumor cells differ from normal cells => recognition as foreign immune responses fail to prevent tumor growth
1. derived from host cells. 2. rapid growth/spread.

3. have specialised mechanisms in Evading.

external activation of the immune system

Cancer Chat....
tumor cells differ from normal cells => recognition as foreign immune responses fail to prevent tumor growth external activation of the immune system

Identification of Tumor Ag recognised by T lymphocytes.

Tumor antigens
mutations abnormal expression oncogenic viruses oncofetal antigens altered surface modifications tissue specific differentiation antigens

Tumor antigens - Mutations

point-mutations deletions translocations insertions specific for tumor cells

Figure 14-12

p53

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P53

Tumor antigens
mutations abnormal expression oncogenic viruses oncofetal antigens altered surface modifications tissue specific differentiation antigens

Figure 14-13

Origin of tumor antigens

Figure 14-11 part 1 of 2

Figure 14-11 part 2 of 2

Overview
Introduction Tumor antigens Immune response Evasion of immune responses Immunotherapy Role of immune system in promoting tumor growth Summary

Immune responses to tumors

innate immune responses NK cells macrophages adaptive immune responses T cells antibodies

Overview
Introduction Tumor antigens Immune response Evasion of immune responses Immunotherapy Role of immune system in promoting tumor growth Summary

Figure 14-14 part 1 of 2

Figure 14-14 part 2 of 2

Overview
Introduction Tumor antigens Immune response Evasion of immune responses Immunotherapy Role of immune system in promoting tumor growth Summary

Immunotherapy
stimulation of immune response vaccination with tumor cells costimulators and cytokines block inhibitory pathways nonspecific stimulation of the immune system

Tumor vaccines

Cytokine gene transfection

Systemic cytokine therapy

Immunotherapy
passive immunotherapy adoptive cellular therapy graft-versus-leukemia antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies

Figure 14-17

Overview
Introduction Tumor antigens Immune response Evasion of immune responses Immunotherapy Role of immune system in promoting tumor growth Summary

Promoting tumor growth

chronic inflammation as risk factor for cancer