RANCANGAN DAN UJI COBA OTOMATISASI IRIGASI TETES

SKRIPSI

WELEM LABATAR
F44080072

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN

INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR
BOGOR
2012

DESIGN AND TEST AUTOMATION OF TRICKLE IRRIGATION

Welem Labatar1, Budi Indra Setiawan2, and Satyanto K. Saptomo 3
1,2,3

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology,

Bogor Agricultural University, IPB Dramaga Campus, PO Box 220, Bogor, West Java.
Phone +62 856 9488 8678, email: wem_sil@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT
Water has become a basic requirement for the farming in around the world. In this case, to
determine the crop production, irrigations systems has an important role. For this reasons,in the
research an automation of trickle irrigation was designed. Stages of research are land
preparation, connecting irrigation system that includes installation of main line, pipe manifold,
pipe line lateral, and emitters on the land. Whereas, the automation system used soil moisture
sensor, microcontroler ATMega 328, actuators, cables, and the other supporting elements such as
solar cell, doubler, rtc, and battery. Before running the automation of trickle irrigation systems on
the land, trials such as soil physical and hydraulics properties testing, sensor calibration, and
laboratory scale testing of this automation were conducted. The results of soil physical properties
analysis were modeled using Van Genuchten model and set point 0.287 < Soil Moisture 0.385
that aqual pF 4.2-2.54 was found.The experiment of automatic trickle irrigation on July 11th and
July 12th 2012, it was found that the amount of water used were 0.010 m3/day and 0.0065 m3/day.
As a whole, the automation of trickle irrigation systems has been succeed, although there were
some problems like the solenoid valve have opened for few minutes even though the irrigation was
off.
Keywords: trickle irrigation, soil moisture sensor, calibration, automation

Judul Skripsi : Rancangan dan Uji Coba Otomatisasi Irigasi Tetes

Nama
: Welem Labatar
NIM
: F44080072

Menyetujui,
Pembimbing I

Pembimbing II

(Prof. Dr. Ir. Budi Indra Setiawan, M.Agr.) (Dr. Satyanto K. Saptomo, STP, MSi)
NIP. 19730411 200501 1 002
NIP. 19600628 198503 1 002

Mengetahui:
Ketua Departemen,

(Prof. Dr. Ir. Asep Sapei, M.S)

NIP. 19561025 198003 1 003

Tanggal lulus:

DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................................

Halaman
iii

DAFTAR ISI .....................................................................................................................

iv

DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................................

vi

DAFTAR TABEL.............................................................................................................

vii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................

viii

I.

PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................................

1.1 LATAR BELAKANG .........................................................................................

1.2 TUJUAN ..............................................................................................................

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ...........................................................................................

2.1 SISTEM IRIGASI TETES...................................................................................

2.1.1 Komponen Irigasi Tetes ..............................................................................

2.2 SIFAT FISIK DAN HIDROLIKA TANAH ........................................................

2.2.1 Tekstur Tanah .............................................................................................

2.2.2 Kadar Air Tanah ..........................................................................................

2.2.3 Retensi Air Tanah .......................................................................................

2.3 SISTEM KONTROL OTOMATIS......................................................................

2.3.1 Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno ......................................................................

2.3.2 Sensor ..........................................................................................................

2.3.3 Kalibrasi ......................................................................................................

2.3.4 Kontrol on-off .............................................................................................

2.3.5 Aktuator ......................................................................................................

II.

III. METODOLOGI .......................................................................................................

10

3.1 WAKTU DAN TEMPAT PENELITIAN ............................................................

10

3.2 ALAT DAN BAHAN ..........................................................................................

10

3.3 METODE PENELITIAN ....................................................................................

11

3.3.1 Persiapan .....................................................................................................

11

3.3.2 Perancangan ................................................................................................

11

3.3.3 Pengujian .....................................................................................................

14

3.3.4 Implementasi di Lapangan ..........................................................................

16

3.3.5 Analisis Kerja Rancangan ...........................................................................

16

IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................................................

18

4.1 UJI SIFAT FISIK DAN HIDROLIKA TANAH .................................................

18

4.1.1 Uji Sifat Fisik Tanah ...................................................................................

18

4.2.1 Kalibrasi Soil Moiusture Sensor dan

Penentuan Set Point .....................................................................................

19

4.2 OTOMATISASI IRIGASI TETES PADA LAHAN ...........................................

20

KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................................

23

5.1 KESIMPULAN....................................................................................................

23

5.2 SARAN ................................................................................................................

23

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................................

24

LAMPIRAN ......................................................................................................................

25

V.