1.

INTRODUCTION:
Grassroots Agricultural Technology Evolvement (GATE) was established in 2003 as a non-profit
non-political organization and got registered as Trust in 2004; it is committed to a mission of
harnessing rainfed agricultural technology for environmentally sustainable and socially equitable
development. GATE’s focus on off farm informal research and development, training,
dissemination and networking in the fields of rainfed agricultural development, biodiversity
conservation, and rural development seek to link sustainable agriculture to livelihood security in a
participatory manner. Among the various initiatives, comprehensive participatory crops
improvement programme introduced during 2003 in operational area in western Madhya Pradesh
and eastern Gujarat, India by GATE, has a visible impact in a short span of time and suitable for
replication in other tribal areas too.

2. OPERATIONAL AREA:
Based on the backwardness index, the planning commission has identified 15 Districts of Madhya
Pradesh and 6 District of Gujarat as disadvantaged District. Out of these districts two district
namely Jhabua and Dhar in western Madhya Pradesh and one district namely Dahod in eastern
Gujarat identified as GATE’s operational area. Agriculture and allied activities are main source of
livelihood for the people of these districts. To achieve the balanced regional development, an
integrated approach for sustainability of livelihoods of these disadvantaged regions of western
India has become imperative. The topography of these disadvantaged districts is mostly
undulating, interspersed with hill ranges, hills and dales, hillocks, plateau and plain lands.

Jhabua (Madhya Pradesh)

Jhabua is a predominantly tribal district located in the western part of Madhya Pradesh. River
Narmada forms the southern boundary of the district. The terrain is hilly, undulating typically
known as "Jhabua hills topography". Most part of Jhabua is without any forest cover because of
low fertility of land, sloppy hillocks and extreme soil erosion. The Bhil tribe gives a distinct
identity to Jhabua as tribal district. Jhabua is sparsely populated with a total population of 13.94
lakhs according to 2001 census. The total area is 6793 square km. There are about 1313 inhabited
villages. About 85 percent of the total population is tribal while 3% belongs to Schedule Castes.
Nearly 47 per cent of people live below the poverty line. The literacy rate is 36.87% with female
literacy of only 4%.

Dhar (Madhya Pradesh)

The area of the district is 8,149 sq. km, which is 1.84 percent of the State's total area. Majority of
the population in Dhar District belongs to the Scheduled Tribes. The main tribes in the District are
Bhils and Bhilalas. A total of 762 Gram Panchayats has 1571 villages. The population is 1,74,0577
out of which 112976 belong to Scheduled Castes and 948434 to Scheduled Tribes. The scheduled
tribes constitute 54 percent of district's total population and scheduled castes 6.49 percent. The
rural population is 83 percent.

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Basic details and administration information of operational area (Dhar and Jhabua districts
of western Madhya Pradesh).

# Specific District Dhar District Jhabua

information
Basic details of the district
1 Area (in sq. 8153 6782
km)
2 Total inhibited 1487 1313
village
3 Total 6438 9927
Habitations
4 Forest village 14 0
5 Town 9 8
6 Crop Zone Cotton and Jowar Cotton Jowar
7 Soil Type Medium Black (Medium) Medium Black (Medium) (Petalawad
Tehsil), Medium Black Skeletal
(light/medium) (except Petalawad
8 Agro climatic Malwa Plateau (except Kukshi Malwa Plateau(Petlawad Tehsil),
Zone and Manawar Tehsil) Nimar Jhabua Hills (except Petlawad Tehsil)
Plain (Kukshi and Manawar
9 Schedule V All blocks of Sardarpur, Dhar, Entire Jhabua district
Administration information
1 areas
Janpad Kukshi, Manawar,
13 Gandhawani, 12
Panchyats
2 Gram 669 612
Panchyats
3 Tehsils 7 8
4 Tribal blocks 12 12
5 Legislative 6 5
Assembly Seats
Demographic Details of the operational Districts Dhar and Jhabua of western Madhya
Pradesh.

# Demographic details Dhar Jhabua

1991 2001 1991 2001
1 Population 1367412 1740577 1130405 1396677
2 Share of state population 2.82% 2.88% 2.33% 2.31%
3 Urban population 13.1% 16.6% 8.7% 8.7%
3 Population of SC 6.9% Na 3.1% Na
4 Population of ST 53.5% Na 85.7% Na
5 Density of population(per sq.kms.) 168 213 167 206

Key features of the operational Blocks of the Dhar and Jhabua District of the western
Madhya Pradesh.

Sr. No. District Dhar Jhabua

Block Dhar Tirla Jhabua Rama
A Demographic details`
% of ST Population 12.06 71.57 94.81 94.34
% of SC Population 16.78 4.41 0.99 1.38
% of Total Literacy 61.5 40.4 36.2 31.9
% of Rural Literacy 52.9 36.8 28.5 28
% of Urban Literacy 76.6 75 86.6 84.8
% of Female Literacy 46.2 29.4 25 22.2
Sex Ratio, All 902 981 985 1031

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Sr. No. District Dhar Jhabua
Block Dhar Tirla Jhabua Rama
A Demographic details`
Sex Ratio, Child 935 962 954 982
B Infrastructure
Road length per 100 sq.kms. 26.4 4.5 33.2 23.6
Villages connected by all weather roads 30.5 66.0 68.5 58.2
Population serviced per post office 2386 3744 5748 7610
C Agriculture and Irrigation
Total cropped Area 578.94 343.18 439.42 597.84
Net Sown Area 82.4% 73.7% 59.4% 50.8%
Gross cropped Area 130.2% 99.9% 87.1% 69.9%
Per capita Net Sown Area 0.67 0.45 0.25 0.36
Agriculture Intensity 158 136 147 138
% Net Irrigated area to net sown area 40.64 23.53 13.68 25.11
% Gross Irrigated area to total cropped 25.73 17.36 9.46 18.76
D area
Status of Ground Water
Level of Ground Water Development 156.823 63.471 6.265 13.822
Status of Ground Water Over White White White
E Employment exploited
Agriculture laborers in workers (%) 29.39 24.47 10.89 7.39
Worker Participation Ratio 40.75 50.68 48.21 60.89

Dahod (Gujarat state)

Dahod was carved of the erstwhile Panchmahal district located on the eastern part of the state on
2nd October 1997. Dahod shares its boundaries with Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. The district
comprises of seven Talukas. The total population according to the 2001 census is 16, 35,374 out of
which 11, 78,543 belong to the Scheduled Tribes, 49,061 belong to the Scheduled Castes and
4,07,770 belong to ‘Others’. Dahod is considered backward as it is predominantly populated by
tribals (71 per cent). The major castes of the district are Bhil/Pateliya and Rathwa. Six of the seven
Talukas of the district have been classified as ‘Most Backward’, by the Cowlagi Committee.

Livelihood:
Livelihood is the most defining and determining need for a human being. A livelihood in many
ways is almost the entire gamut of issues covering life. For a decent level of human development,
a person and her household requires a source of sustainable livelihood that ensures access to basic
resources and access to basic amenities to survive well. Employment, sustainable, gainful and one
that ensures a basic level of remuneration is essential for all human beings. Employment by itself
is not a complete condition for a sustainable livelihood – it is the character of employment – its
regularity and periodicity, level of income or benefits from it, and security of employment, and
ensured basic rights of employment.

3. SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY-MANAGED SELF-HELP GROUPS AND

PARTICIPATORY PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION SYSTEM

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Participatory Planning Process:
Our staffs are well versed with the participatory planning process, which is very important for the
facilitation of the development initiatives in tribal dominated rural areas. A set methodology of the
participatory planning process is followed for the development interventions. In the operational
area participatory planning process has been completed and baseline data has been compiled. Apart
from participatory planning process other key issues studies in detailed like migration, cropping
system and cropping pattern, opportunities for the development work, support required for the
development work etc. The steps followed in participatory planning process are as below.
• Area Identification Cluster / Village selection
• Village entry / rapport building
• General planning through PRA
• Community problem analysis (CPA)
• Identification and prioritization of development options
• Development of work plan
• Implementation of work plan and
• Withdrawal strategy from the village

Social Mapping
Empowering Community:
Community level meetings are regular feature and very essential to mobilize the community to
ensure their active participation in planning, implementation and monitoring and evaluation of on
going activities under Central and State sponsored schemes and programme like NREGS, ATMA,
RKVY, National Food and Security Mission, NHM, BRGF, NHM etc. Community level meetings
are at Falia, Village, and Gram Panchayat level being organized, for different-different purposes
particularly for the activities planning, beneficiaries’ identification, linkages with line departments,
and needs identification etc.

During the year total 38 village level general, falia, SHGs and gram panchayat level meetings
conducted in all 30 villages. In these meetings of village community members, issues related to
activities planning, beneficiaries’ identification, linkages with line departments, and needs
identification etc are being discussed, more over the issues related to communities, gram
panchayat, and on going development schemes and programmes are being discussed to get
introduced with each others in respect of understanding in the benefit community and organization.

Summary of Meetings

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Type of Meetings Cumulative Progress of the Year
No. of meetings Total Participants M F
Faliya and General Meetings 8 267 201 66
SHGs Meeting 19 432 321 111
Identification of Volunteers 5 109 65 44
Gram Sabha 3 56 45 11
Panchayat Body Members 3 75 39 36
Total 38 939 671 268

Field Level Meeting

Master Trainers (Village Volunteers):

Basically volunteer is a paraprofessional, female or male members of the community, who serves
as an internal catalyst, information bank, service provider, trainer, disseminator and innovator for a
particular field like group, crop, nursery, health etc. Volunteer selection is based on their past
experience and interest in particular field in consultation with community members and Panchayat.
These entire selected volunteer will play key role in community mobilization and implementation
of activities.
Summary of Village Volunteers (Master Trainer)
Village Volunteers (Jankars) Cumulative Progress of the Year
M F Total
Group Jankars 00 00 00
Crop Jankars (kisan didi and kisan mitra) 10 10 20
Seed Multiplication Jankar 00 00 00
Nursery Jankars 00 00 00
Health Jankars 00 00 00
Total 10 10 20

Capacity Building and Skill up Gradation

During the year capacity building and skill up gradation trainings were held at field and office
level on agricultural, watershed management, seed multiplication and low cost techniques with
support of line department. All training have encouraging feed back from community and needs
more intensive and systematic training programme considering their inadequate exposure with
such sort of techniques.

Till date Progress Summary of Trainings

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 Topics Cumulative Progress of the Year
No of Total M F
Trainings Participants
Agronomic Practices (Seed Priming / SRI / 5 105 61 44
Maize Detaslling)
Floriculture / Orchard Establishment / Kitchen 3 76 48 28
Gardening
Backyard / Kitchen Gardening 4 120 75 45
Linkage and Networking for Existing Scheme 2 45 30 15
INM / IPM 3 66 43 23
Seed Multiplication 1 35 26 9
Total 18 447 28 164
3

Exposure Visits:
During the year total 05 exposure visits were organized, out of which 1 exposure visits organized
within state and 2 exposure visits organized out of state. Exposure visits were organized
considering the low agricultural productivity and scope for the participatory crops improvement.

Status of Exposure Visits

Issues Cumulative Progress of the Year
No of Exposure Visits Total Participants M F
Localized Seed Multiplication 02 43 2 17
6
Watershed Development 01 32 2 11
1
Horticulture techniques and 02 39 2 12
technologies 7
Total 05 114 7 40
4

Human and Animal Health Program:

During the year total three five human health camps and two animal health camps have been
organized in which around 430 persons have been benefited from 201 households of 9 villages and
329 animals vaccinated from four villages.

Group Formation and Savings & Credit:

After the independence, all most every development work initiated through community
development program for better impacts and results, apart from many reasons communities
involvement to its planning, implementation, benefit sharing and evaluation for sustainability of
the program. However the concept was initiated for better partnership with communities and other
stakeholders. Moreover the issues of local institutions, understanding of what people want how
they want, when they want was developed, and it was felt very important to respect people’s
knowledge and village dynamics. Therefore, concept of self-help groups was recognized and
presently most of the interventions are implemented either through the SHGs or through it other
form. For example govt. is also forcing on the working through groups for example SGSY
Scheme. GATE as an NGO has its learning process and experience from village level institutions
to self- help groups. The major features of the SHGs: Identification- Forming- Norming-
Storming- Performing- Institutionalizing.
Till now most of the organizations step to the performance stage; however there is always a big
danger of vested interested, breakdown of groups and scope of mistrust, frustration and disinterest
to entire approach. Moreover, GATE has it experience through other organizations like MYRADA,
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PEDO, BASIX, PRADHAN etc. that the concept of local institutions if, groomed with the series of
processes brings better impact. These local institutions have proven the capacities and strengthen
in implementing a natural resource management project now a livelihood intervention.
GATE has promoted 10 SHGs following the participatory approach in identification, forming, and
norming. All 10 SHGs are doing regular savings and credit activities and development activities
are being facilitated through these SHGs. The total saving accumulated is around 2.24 lakhs Rs.

4. INTEGRATED LAND AND WATER RESOURCES

DEVELOPMENT
Major livelihoods resource of the farmers in the project area is agriculture. The topography of the
area is undulating which promotes the erosion of soils. The rainfall pattern is very erratic and
uncertainty of the early and late on and off monsoon leads to failure of the crops. The activities
under land and water resource development have been identified.

During year net planning for soil and water conservation, water resource development,
afforestation and pasture land development work has been initiated to create the awareness among
the community members about low cost techniques of soil and water conservation measures like
contour cultivation, strip cropping following combination of the erosion permitting crops like
maize, sorghum, cotton etc. and erosion resisting crops like rice bean, horse gram, green gram,
black gram, ground nut etc. The training programmes are being organized at village level in project
villages.

Scope for the soil and water measures, main head-wise possible treatment compiled for the soil
and water conservation activities.
Head Activities
Soil and Water Conservation Field bunding (earthen)
Field bunding (stone)
Continuous Contour Trenching (CCT)
Staggered Contour Trenching (SCT)
Gully plugging
Nala bund (earthen)
Nala bund (stone)
Grass seed sowing
Water Resource Development Percolation Tank
Storage Tank
Check Dam (Gated)
Anicut (Overflow Structure)
Gabions
Repairing of water harvesting structures
New well construction and deepening

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Head Activities
Afforestation / Plantation / Pit digging
Pasture Land Development Plantation of forestry species
Plantation of fruit plants
Kitchen gardening, no. of vegetable seed kits
Vermicompost
Tree platform
Cattle Protection Trench (CPT)
Plantation of forestry species
Grass seed sowing
Thor fencing

5. APPROPRIATE FARMING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES

THROUGH PARTICIPATORY CROPS IMPROVEMENT
(PCI)
In operational area kharif season crop is outmost important for the tribal farming community and
GATE’s focus always with kharif season crops improvement through Participatory varietal
selection (PVS) and informal research and development (IRD) trials, these are proven tools for the
screening of the suitable techniques for the marginal areas. Total 445 trails were taken of maize,
paddy, soybean, crops in kharif and wheat, chick-pea and mustard in rabi seasons of improved and
promising materials on farmers field.
Under participatory crop improvement the seed procured and distributed are summarize.
Season Crop Variety Cumulative Progress of the Year
Qty in Kg Total Trials
Maize JVM-421 125 25
Kharif – 2005 Soybean JS 335 200 40
JS 95-60 250 50
Sub Total 575 115
Rabi 2005-06 Wheat HI-1418 325 65
GW-273 100 40
Chickpea JG-412 25 05
ICCV-2 (k) 25 05
Sub Total 475 115
Grand Total 1050 230

Brief Description of Trial Kharif 2005

Maize Crop:
25 trials in six villages with one entry along with local were conducted in kharif 2005. The
averaged yield data clearly indicated the superiority of JVM 421, over local. The Pre and Post
harvest FGDs revealed that variety JVM-421 is tall, bold seeds, good cob size, high yielding,
filling to the tip, sweet to taste, good cooking quality, high premium, relatively 5-8 days late was
the only negative remark. Almost all participating and non participating farmers demanded for
more seed of JVM-421 variety seeds for the next season. It was felt that proper dissemination of
this variety through localised seed multiplication can boost up the marginal farmers income in a
supplementary manner. With support of line departments working towards localised seed
multiplication through seed society in Golawadi Village of Rama Block Jhabua District.

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Soybean Crop:
90 trials with three entries namely, JS-335, and JS-95-60, were conducted in eight villages. The
yield data averaged over the locations suggested that the genotypes JS-93-05 is superior over local
existing cultivar i.e. JS-335.

Soybean Trial
Brief Description of Trial Rabi 2005-06
Wheat Crop:
115 trials with three entries namely, HI-1418, and GW-273, were conducted in five villages. The
yield data averaged over the locations suggested that the genotypes HI-1418, GW-273 are superior
over local existing cultivar i.e. Lok-1.

Gram Crop:
10 trials with three entries were conducted in four villages. The yield data averaged over the
locations suggested that the genotypes JG-412 in desi type superior over local existing cultivar i.e.
Ujjai-21 and Dahod yellow. ICC-2 chick-pea cultivar is extra early maturing and good for the rain
fed conditions, the yield reported is 10% lower that the local Dahod Yellow.

6. AGRONOMIC TRIALS:
Conventional agronomic practices are prevailing in rainfed agriculture of Jhabua District. These
practices are not contributing in the productivity of the crops. GATE tested some of the most
suitable agronomic practices and found very much cost effective and contributes in the
productivity up to some extent. Considering community interest and areas need, trials on
agronomic practices, were undertaken in GATE operational area on seed priming, maize
detasselling, seed treatment, and thinning to make acquainted to the farming community with
their uses and benefits. Detailed result of these trials are summarized based on the perception of
the farming community, which were obtained through pre and post harvest Focus Group
Discussion (FGD). The results are very encouraging and needs to be disseminated at large scale in
the benefit of the poor tribal community.

Seed Priming in Maize Crop.

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Seed priming is soaking of seed in ordinary water over night and shown after surface drying under
the shadow. Total 11 trials of seed priming were conducted to test the seed priming effect in rainfed
conditions. Trials performance was assessed through pre and post harvest FGDs on key traits of the
crops. It was observed that 95% participating farmers and 67% non participating farmers reported
that, seed priming gives uniform and 3-4 days early emergence, foliage looks dark greenish, and 2-
4% increase in the grain yield over non seed primed plot. The maturity periods shorten due to
priming but farmers were not very clear about it.

Thinning in Maize Crop.

In the marginal areas seed rate is being used just double than the recommended seed rates for the
crops. Considering the maize crops characteristics, as it is more sensitive crop in respect of the
inputs requirement and it covers large area as well. It was observed that plant population is not
being maintained by the farmers. Total 9 farmers identified for the thinning in maize crops to
optimize the plant to plant distance so that plants can get better space, air, water and nutrients for
their growth. In maize crop it is easy also to do thinning and gap filling at a particular stage.
During the pre harvest FGD with participating and non participating farmers it was observed that it
is good practice and improves the crop conditions. Assessment of the incremental benefit in yield
was very difficult but farmers appreciated and some of farmers already practicing thinning in
maize and other crops.

Promotion of thinning in maize crop.

Seed Treatment
In soybean crop seed treatment was done with bio-fertilizer (nitrogen fixing and phosphorous
solubilising bacteria). It is pulse crop and seed treatment with bio-fertilizer is cost effective
fertilization and it also improves soil health conditions through bacterial process.

Seed treatment was done in total 50 trials (25 Rhizobium and 25 PSB bio-fertiliser each). The Pre
and Post harvest FGDs gave very encouraging response, and farmers said that 2-4% increase in the
treated plots were observed.

Trial on Detasselling in Maize Crop

Maize is open pollinated crop and maintaining the seed quality is very big problem with this crop
as it is grown in 50-60% of total cropped area in kharif. Detasselling help in inbreeding which
reduces the chances of cross pollination. Detasselling is the simple agronomic practice, in this
male flowers of the 50% plants removed. These plants get energy diverted into cobs formations
and grain quality gets better.

Pre and post harvest FGD were organized on maize detasselling trials with participating and non
participating farmers gave us very encouraging feedback on the maize detasselling benefits and it
was also reported that its labour intensive practice and at a particular timing it is necessary other
wise it is not beneficial. The right time for the maize detasselling is the initiation of the sheath
(male flowers) and it’s very easy to pull out the male part and it can be used as bio-waste for the
composting. Plants energy gets diverted into cob formations which result into a bigger cob size,
bold seed and ultimately higher yield returns.

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Particularly in rain fed agriculture agronomic practices are much more important as they are cost
effective and farmers friendly in nature. Farmers’ interests toward low cost agronomic practices are
getting reduced, as they are little bit labour intensive. Proper orientation through demonstration
and training programme can enhance the interest as well the poor tribal farmers income
significantly. Jhabua district is one of most disadvantaged district in India and farmer are marginal
farmers, there is huge scope for the such sort of low cost intervention in the benefit of poor tribal
farmers.

7. FLORICULTURE & OLERICULTURE:

Operational areas have variety of soils on which floriculture and olericulture as small income
generation activity can be taken up. The agro-climate conditions are well suited, and it can be a
means of livelihoods sustainability of smallholding farmers. However, the need for diversification
is acknowledged by community members to make agriculture more profitable, through optimum
utilization of natural resources (soil, water and environment). Past efforts have not been on
horticultural crops in marginal rainfed areas. In rainfed areas there is huge scope for the
horticulture crop cultivation and changing scenario will boost up these activities.

Considering the complexity of cropping system and agro-climatic conditions of the project area,
horticulture crops may benefit through number of ways as.
• Diversification through horticulture crops is a best option as there are several advantages of
growing horticultural crops.
• Horticulture crops: produce higher biomass than field crops per unit area resulting in
efficient utilization of natural resources, are highly remunerative for replacing subsistence
farming and thus alleviate poverty level in rainfed, dry land, hilly, and arid regions.
• Have potential for development of wastelands through planned strategies,
• Need comparatively less water than food crops,
• Provide higher employment opportunity,
• Are important for nutritional security,
• Are environment-friendly,
• Are high-value crops with high potential of value-addition,
The importance of floriculture and olericulture in tribal’s socio-economic cultural and religious life
of the project village’s people is negligible. Though flower and vegetable cultivation has not been
practiced in project villages. Scope for the floriculture and its viability is more. Considering the
potential, floriculture and olericulture can generate income and employment opportunities, in
marginal area and promote involvement of women. It has been identified as one of focus area in
consultation with community of project villages during General Meetings, PRA.
Vegetable crops Cumulative Progress of the Year Qty (in Kg)
Brinjal 1.5
Okra 1.00
Bitter guard 0.50
Sponge guard 0.50
Bottle guard 0.50
Chili 1.0
Total 5.00
During the year total 102 farmers given the vegetable seed for the backyard kitchen gardening.
Beneficiaries Status
Sr. No. Village Covered Cumulative Progress of the Year
Kharif 2005 8 57
Rabi 2005-06 3 45
Total 102

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 Vegetable cultivation in Golawadi Village.

Papaya Nursery:
During the year one nursery programme was taken in kharif season of one variety Pusa Nanna of
the papaya fruit crop. These ready saplings were sold to the interested farmers for the kitchen
gardening.

Pusa Nanha, Variety of Papaya

Seven small orchards have been taken with seven farmers of two villages as income generation
activity in November 2007. The total papaya saplings planted are 214 of Pusa Nanna. Under these
seven papaya plots farmers are taking kitchen gardening activities also, which is an additional
profit making activity. It will supplements nutrients requirement of the family through fruits and
vegetable. Results are encouraging and farming community demand for the more saplings.

8. WASTELAND POTENTIAL

In the operational area the wasteland available which is presumable not in any economic use
currently. If this wasteland is developed through cultivation of species like jatropha, a variety of
fodder tree species like Leucena spp. and wild species like adusa highly suitable for biomass
increase. GATE through linkages working on this aspect considering the one of the most important
aspect of the tribal rural livelihoods.

9. SEED BANK AND SEED POOL

Quality seed availability is always a constraint in rainfed agriculture of Jhabua District because
these areas seed supply systems is mostly depend on the formal sector, and formal sector targets
mostly to more favorable environments. The main existing crop of project area are maize, soybean,
paddy, cotton in kharif and chick-pea and wheat crops in rabi and required in high volumes,
particularly maize is cross pollination crop and demands a continuous supply of new seed.

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With this idea this was envisaged to supplement into seed supply system in the farmer’s province
through localized seed multiplication programme of the farmers preferred crop varieties through
seed society registration. One seed production society is being registered to multiply the seed of
important rainy and winter season crops. This society has taken seed multiplication of soybean
crop varieties JS 93-05 and maize crop variety JVM 421 in kharif 2005 in informal ways as farm
quality seed to meet out the local need of the quality seed.

10. COMPLEMENTARY INCOME GENERATING, AND EXPENDITURE SAVING

ACTIVITIES

Jhabua district is having very scattered settlement in all villages and considering their day-to-day
requirements. GATE has identified complementary income generating, expenditure saving and off
farm activities for the women and men from landless community or marginal farming community
after in-depth discussion with the community members based on their past experiences and needs.
Minor IGAs:
• Vegetable selling groups,
• Vermicomposting unit
• Goatary activity group,
• Cycle repairing shop,
• Bullock cart and hand cart.
• Brick making group,
• Carpenter, hair cutting shop,
• Tent house group,
Major IGAs:
• Localised seed multiplication and marketing
• Stitching centre
• Power maize seller
• Grain purchase & sale activity
• Community agricultural resource centre
• Grocery shops:
• Flour mills:

11. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES DISSEMINATION

Dissemination Villages:
The objective of dissemination is to disseminate farming system techniques and participatory
planning approaches in surrounding villages through trained dissemination motivators. They are
playing key role in transferring the technologies and approaches in nearby villages. Its cost
effective tool for the dissemination of the technologies in the larger area in the benefits of poor
tribal community.

12. KISAN DIDI AND KISAN MITRA

Agriculture department has a scheme to train village level volunteers one male and one female
volunteers in agricultural techniques and technologies and they call them kisan mitra and kisan
didi, in our 30 project villages, one kisan mitra and one kisan didi has been identified from each
village, thus the total 30 kisan mitra and 30 kisan didi has been identified for the agricultural
extension work within the village. Agriculture Department, Jhabua regularly enhancing their
knowledge and skills through training and exposure programme on different issues relevant to

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agricultural improvement and development in present context. GATE is in close relationship with
department of farmers’ welfare and agriculture development working for their capacity building
and looking them as resource person for the dissemination of the agricultural techniques and
technologies. They are local resource person for our activities and require more trainings and
exposures so that they can be local facilitator or motivator for the community and will help in
dissemination of techniques and technologies in better ways.

DOCUMENTATION:
Apart from regular progress reporting of the on going interventions, documentation on the low cost
techniques and technologies for the rainfed agriculture, participatory crops improvement, SHGs,
localized seed production and marketing, INM and IPM, soil health management, nursery raising,
orchard establishment and ITK are being done by GATE as training materials for the community,
panchayat body, field level volunteers and field level workers.

13. STAFF CAPACITY BUILDING

During the year four quarterly review and planning meetings and twelve monthly review and
planning meetings were held at Jhabua office, of field and office staff under the facilitation of Sr
Programme Coordinator and Programme Coordinators.

During the year total 05 training programme and 02 exposure visits were organized for the field
staff members in collaboration with Department of Farmers Welfare and Agriculture Development,
Jhabua. Key staff members are well experience in the field of rural development and allied
activities. Staffs are capable in handle rural development project in operational area. Rapport
developed with community can help us if facilitation of the projects interventions up to a great
extent.

14. OFFICE SET UP

GATE office is in place with experience and skilled social and technical staff members. The staff
members with GATE-Jhabua office are.
Position No.
Sr. Programme Coordinator 1
Programme Coordinator 2
Community Organizer 02
Supporting Staff 01
Master Trainer (Village Volunteers) 04
Total 10

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 15. KEY VISITORS:
1. Shri Rajkumar Pathak, IAS, District Collector, Jhabua
2. Shri P Dhiman, IFS CEO, Zilla Panchayat
3. Shri, S D Madhwachary, SAS Chief Executive Officer, Janpad Panchayat, Jhabua
4. Shri A S Alawa, Labour Officer, Jhabua
5. Shri S H Safdari, Add CEO, Zilla Panchayat, Jhabua
6. Dr I S Tomar, Programme Coordinator, KVK, Jhabua
7. Shri Sunil Dubey, DDA, Agriculture Department, Jhabua
8. Shri Lalit B Jadhav, DDM, NABARD, Jhabua
9. Mr. A.S. Bhanvar, Assistant Seed Certification Officer, MPSSCA, Indore.
10. Shri Gauri Shankar Trivedi, ADA, Agriculture Department, Jhabua
11. Mr. A.S. Bhanvar, Assistant Seed Certification Officer, MPSSCA, Indore.
12. Shri Jitendra Parihar, Assistant Director, MP State Organic Certification Agency, Bhopal

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 GLOSSARY
• AFS:Assistant Field Specialist
• CO:Community Organizer
• CHES:Central Horticulture Experiment Station, Vejalpur, Gujarat
• CPA:Community Problem Analysis
• CPR:Common Property Resource
• CBO:Community Based Organization
• CEO:Chief Executive Officer
• DRDA:District Rural Development Authority
• FGD:Focus Group Discussion
• FMD:Foot and Mouth Disease
• FS:Field Specialist
• GVT:Gramin Vikas Trust, Jhabua
• GO:Government Organization
• AAU:Anand Agricultural University, Anand
• HS:Haemorrhagic Septicaemia
• IBD:Infectious Bursal Disease
• IRD:Informal Research Development
• IVT:Introductory Varietal Trails
• IFPRA: Issue Focus Participatory Rural Appraisal
• ICRISAT:International Research Institute for Semi Arid And Tropics, Hyderabad
• JNKVV: Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidhyalaya, Jabalpur
• MoU:Memorandum of Understanding
• NRCS:National Research Center for Soyabean, Indore
• NGO:Non Government Organization
• PC: Programme Coordinator
• PRA:Participatory Rural Appraisal
• PRI:Panchayat Raj Institutions
• PPP:Participatory Planning Process
• PEDO: Peoples Education & Development Organization
• PVS:Participatory Varietal Selection
• RRA:Rapid Rural Appraisal
• RVSKVV: Rajmata Vijayraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior
• MPUAT: Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur
• RGWMDM: Rajiv Gandhi Watershed Management & Development Mission, Bhopal
• SWC: Soil & Water Conservation
• WBR: Well Being Ranking
• WRD: Water Resource Development
• WDC: Watershed Development Committee

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