HB959202000 A30 Excitation Controller PDF

Instruction Manual
PRISMIC A30 EXCITATION CONTROLLER
Manual No: HB959202000 Document No: TP00000021 Date: 30 May 2003 Issue: J
Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. PO Box 18, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 1HJ, England Telephone: +44 (1509) 611511 Telefax: +44 (1509) 610440 E-Mail: sales@bem.fki-et.com Web Site: http://www.fki-et.com/bem
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 2 of 126
CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION TO MANUAL ................................................................................................................. 4 1.1 General................................................................................................................................................ 4 1.2 How To Use The Manual .................................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Copies ................................................................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Feedback............................................................................................................................................. 5 1.5 Service & Spares................................................................................................................................. 5 1.6 Contact Address.................................................................................................................................. 5 1.7 Health & Safety At Work Act (1974).................................................................................................... 5 1.8 Protection And Monitoring Devices ..................................................................................................... 6 2 EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES ........................................................................................................................ 7 3 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 8 4 RATINGS ................................................................................................................................................... 9 5 FEATURES .............................................................................................................................................. 10 6 SPECIFICATION...................................................................................................................................... 12 6.1 A30-CON Card .................................................................................................................................. 12 6.2 A30-MON Card.................................................................................................................................. 18 6.3 Standby Control Card........................................................................................................................ 21 6.4 Utilities Card ...................................................................................................................................... 24 6.5 A30-RACK1 Mainframe..................................................................................................................... 26 7 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................. 28 7.1 A30-CON Card .................................................................................................................................. 28 7.2 A30-MON Card.................................................................................................................................. 34 7.3 Standby Control Card........................................................................................................................ 36 7.4 Utilities Card ...................................................................................................................................... 40 7.5 A30-RACK1 Mainframe..................................................................................................................... 41 8 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................... 44 8.1 A30-CON Card .................................................................................................................................. 44 8.2 A30-MON Card.................................................................................................................................. 47 9 INSTALLATION AND MECHANICAL DETAILS, CARD FITTING AND REMOVAL ............................. 48 9.1 Installation ......................................................................................................................................... 48 9.2 Ventilation.......................................................................................................................................... 48 9.3 Wiring To The A30 Excitation Controller ........................................................................................... 48 9.4 Wiring To The Plug............................................................................................................................ 49 9.5 Safety ................................................................................................................................................ 50 9.6 Mechanical Details ............................................................................................................................ 50 9.7 Card Fitting and Removal ................................................................................................................. 51 10 COMMISSIONING ................................................................................................................................ 52 10.1 EMC Installation And Operation Guidelines...................................................................................... 52 10.2 Pre-Commissioning Checks.............................................................................................................. 53 10.3 Check Operation Of DC Contactors, Switches And Indications With Machine At Standstill ............ 53 10.4 Check Standby Control ..................................................................................................................... 55 10.5 Check A30-CON And A30-MON Settings ......................................................................................... 56 10.6 Check Display Of Measured Parameters On The A30-CON And A30-MON Card .......................... 57 10.7 Check Null Balance Indication When In Standby.............................................................................. 57 10.8 Set-up Stability In Main Channel....................................................................................................... 57 10.9 Check The Voltage Range Of The A30-CON Card .......................................................................... 58 10.10 Check Soft Start............................................................................................................................. 59 10.11 Check For Smooth Changeover From Standby To Main Channel................................................ 59 10.12 Check/Set-Up Over Excitation Limiters And Monitors................................................................... 59 10.13 Over Voltage And Over Flux Monitors........................................................................................... 60 10.14 Set/Check The Under Voltage Monitor Level ................................................................................ 61 10.15 Check Parallel Operation............................................................................................................... 61 10.16 Check Under Excitation Limiter ..................................................................................................... 62 10.17 Check Under Excitation Monitor .................................................................................................... 62 10.18 Check Power Factor Control (If Applicable) .................................................................................. 62 10.19 Check VAr Control (If Applicable).................................................................................................. 63 10.20 Check The VAr Shed (If Applicable).............................................................................................. 63 10.21 Check Parallel Operation In Standby Line Voltage Control .......................................................... 63
HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003
10.22 Static Interrogation ........................................................................................................................ 64 11 USING THE WINDOWS HMI COMMISSIONING SOFTWARE........................................................... 65 11.1 Setup Of the A30 Using An Alternative Power Supply...................................................................... 65 11.2 PC Software Installation .................................................................................................................... 65 11.3 Running the HMI Application............................................................................................................. 65 11.4 Exiting the HMI Application ............................................................................................................... 66 11.5 HMI Functions ................................................................................................................................... 66 11.6 A30-CON Card HMI Displays Available ........................................................................................ 67 11.7 Logfile................................................................................................................................................ 68 11.8 Saving Presets And Registers .......................................................................................................... 68 11.9 Passwords......................................................................................................................................... 68 11.10 Using The A30-CON HMI Displays ............................................................................................... 69 11.11 A30-MON Card - HMI Displays Available...................................................................................... 76 11.12 Using The A30-MON HMI Displays ............................................................................................... 77 12 USING THE SCADA COMMUNICATIONS PORT .............................................................................. 82 12.1 Protocol Data..................................................................................................................................... 82 12.2 Physical Connections ........................................................................................................................ 82 12.3 Data Available ................................................................................................................................... 82 13 TRANSDUCER CALIBRATION PROCEDURE................................................................................... 83 13.1 Line Voltage Calibration On The A30-CON Card ............................................................................. 83 13.2 Field Current Calibration On The A30-CON Card............................................................................. 83 13.3 Line Current Calibration On The A30-CON Card.............................................................................. 83 13.4 Temperature Transducer Calibration on the A30-CON Card............................................................ 83 13.5 Line Voltage Calibration on the A30-MON Card ............................................................................... 84 13.6 Field Current Calibration on the A30-MON Card .............................................................................. 84 13.7 Line Current Calibration on the A30-MON Card ............................................................................... 84 13.8 Temperature Transducer Calibration on the A30-MON Card ........................................................... 84 14 STEP RESPONSE TESTING............................................................................................................... 85 14.1 Step Response.................................................................................................................................. 85 14.2 Step Response on Open Circuit........................................................................................................ 85 14.3 Stabilising Adjustment....................................................................................................................... 85 14.4 UEL Stabilising .................................................................................................................................. 86 15 OPERATING PROCEDURES AND MAINTENANCE ......................................................................... 87 15.1 Operating Procedures ....................................................................................................................... 87 15.2 Maintenance...................................................................................................................................... 88 16 FAULT FINDING .................................................................................................................................. 89 16.1 General Information........................................................................................................................... 89 16.2 Precautions ....................................................................................................................................... 89 16.3 Procedure.......................................................................................................................................... 89 16.4 Fault Finding Tables.......................................................................................................................... 91 17 APPENDIX A - CONNECTIONS CHARTS ........................................................................................ 106 18 APPENDIX B - CARD LINK DESCRIPTIONS................................................................................... 119 19 APPENDIX C - HOLDING REGISTERS FOR SCADA...................................................................... 122 20 APPENDIX D - RECOMMENDED SPARES...................................................................................... 125 21 APPENDIX E - DRAWINGS ............................................................................................................... 126
HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc
Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 1 INTRODUCTION TO MANUAL 1.1 General The purpose of this manual is to provide information and advice on supplied equipment. Warning symbols used in the manual are as follows: Mandatory Notice - Instruction to be followed. Danger, General - Caution to be exercised. Appropriate safety measures to be taken. Danger, Electricity - Caution to be exercised. Appropriate safety measures to be taken. Danger, Harmful or Irritating - Caution to be exercised. Appropriate safety measures to be taken. Information is given for guidance only and we do not accept any responsibility for the manner in which the information is used, nor the consequences thereof. The design and manufacture of equipment is subject to constant review and as a result the information provided herein may vary from that manufactured. Verbal or written modifications to the information contained herein have no legal status unless confirmed in writing by the Technical Director or his nominated deputy. The manual, and any amendments, should be maintained for the lifetime of the equipment. It is important that any persons responsible for equipment installation, commissioning, operation and maintenance are provided with access to this manual. 1.2 How To Use The Manual It is recommended that prior to undertaking any installation, commissioning, operation or maintenance activities on the equipment, this manual and any associated documentation should be read in their entirety in order to gain an understanding of system operation. The manual is written as a 'stand-alone' document, but should be read in conjunction with any referenced or associated documentation. All pages and topic headings are numbered for easy reference. Cross-reference(s) to associated paragraphs and documentation is included where appropriate. When referencing particular paragraphs in communications, it is important to specify the Manual Number and the Issue Reference. Referenced drawings are attached as additional (unnumbered) pages. 1.3 Copies Additional copies of the latest available version of manuals are available from our Service Department at the contact address given hereafter. A nominal charge may be made for this service. The information provided remains the copyright of Brush Electrical Machines Ltd., and is not to be copied or disclosed to a third party without the written approval of the Technical Director at the contact address given hereafter.
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Date: 30 May 2003
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PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 1.4 Feedback We are constantly seeking to improve the quality and reliability of our products, and we actively encourage user feedback. Any comments should be addressed to your usual representative, or to our Service Department at the contact address given hereafter. 1.5 Service & Spares Quotations for Service and Spares can be obtained from our Service Department at the contact address given hereafter. Authorised users can also access spare parts information provided at the Web Site address given hereafter. 1.6 Contact Address Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. PO Box 18 Loughborough Leicestershire LE11 1HJ England Telephone: +44 (1509) 611511 (Switchboard) Telefax: +44 (1509) 612436 (Service Department) E-Mail: service.sales@bem.fki-et.com spares.sales@bem.fki-et.com Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 5 of 126
Web Site: http://www.fki-et.com/bem 1.7 Health & Safety At Work Act (1974) The information hereunder is supplied in accordance with Section 6 of the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 with respect to the duties of manufacturers, designers and installers in providing health and safety information to Customers. The information advises of reasonably foreseeable risks involved with the safe installation, commissioning, operation, maintenance, dismantling, cleaning or repair of products supplied by Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. Every precaution should be taken to minimise risk. When acted upon, the following precautions should considerably minimise the possibility of hazardous incidents. Delivery Checks: Check for damage sustained during transport. Damage to packing cases must be investigated in the presence of an Insurance Surveyor. Installation: Where installation is made by engineers other than Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. personnel, the equipment should be installed by suitably qualified personnel in accordance with relevant legislation, regulations and accepted rules of the industry. In particular, the recommendations contained in the regulations with regard to the earthing (grounding) must be rigorously followed.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 Electrical Installation: IMPROPER USE OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IS HAZARDOUS. It is important to be aware that control unit terminals and components may be live to line and supply voltages. Before working on a unit, switch off and isolate it and all other equipment within the confines of the same control cubicle. Check that all earth connections are sound. WARNING: Suitable signs should be prominently displayed, particularly on switches and isolators, and the necessary precautions taken to ensure that power is not inadvertently switched on to the equipment whist work is in progress, or is not yet completed. Adjustment and fault finding on live equipment must be by qualified and authorised personnel only, and should be in accordance with the following rules: Read the Instruction Manual. Use insulated meter probes. Use an insulated screwdriver for potentiometer adjustment where a knob is not provided. Wear non-conducting footwear. Do not attempt to modify wiring. Replace all protective covers, guards, etc. on completion. Operation & Maintenance: Engineers responsible for operation and maintenance of equipment should familiarise themselves with the information contained in this manual and with the recommendations given in associated documentation. They should be familiar also with the relevant regulations in force. It is essential that all covers are in place and that all guards and/or safety fences to protect any exposed surfaces and/or pits are fitted before the associated machine is started. All adjustments to the associated machine must be carried out whilst the machine is stationary and isolated from all electrical supplies. Replace all covers and/or safety fences before restarting the machine. When maintenance is being carried out, suitable WARNING signs should be prominently displayed and the necessary precautions taken to ensure power is not inadvertently switched on to the equipment whilst work is in progress, or is not yet complete. When power is restored to the equipment, personnel should not be allowed to work on auxiliary circuits, eg. heaters, current transformers etc. 1.8 Protection And Monitoring Devices WARNING: It is essential that any protection or monitoring device for use with generators or ancillary equipment should be connected and operational at all times unless specifically stated otherwise herein. It should not be assumed that all necessary protection and monitoring devices are supplied as part of Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. scope of supply. Unless otherwise agreed, it is the responsibility of others to verify the correct operation of all protection and monitoring equipment, whether supplied by Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. or not. It is necessary to provide a secure environment that ensures operator safety and limits potential damage to the generator and ancillary equipment. If requested, Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. would be pleased to provide advice on any specific protection application issues or concerns. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 6 of 126
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 2 EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 7 of 126
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 3 INTRODUCTION The PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller is designed to control the excitation of a brushless generator. Incorporating a wide range of features, the A30 is housed in a 19" rack assembly requiring only external instruments and control switches to provide the complete excitation system as shown in Figure 1. For setup and commissioning of the A30 a PC is required. PC based software and two serial communications cables are provided. A copy of the factory test record and factory setup data is provided with the A30 in the form of a Brush QC(T)48 document. When provided with a Brush generator, the A30 factory setup data will be matched to the generator. The QC(T)48 document should be available when commissioning the A30. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 8 of 126
Figure 1: A30 Excitation Controller Scheme

PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 4 RATINGS Max. continuous output current: Max. 10 second output current: Excitation supply voltage: Excitation supply frequency: Auxiliary dc Supply: Nominal sensing voltage: Voltage sensing phases: Voltage sensing input burden: Nominal generator frequency: 20A 30A Single phase 110Vac to 330Vac 50Hz to 480Hz 24Vdc or 110/125Vdc +15%, -20% 100V to 120V selectable in 5V steps Three phase with single phase option Less than 3VA per phase 50Hz or 60Hz Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 9 of 126
Current transformer input nominal: 5A or 1A selectable Current transformer input burden: Max field voltage for forcing: Accuracy of control: Operating temperature range: Storage temperature range: Dimensions: Weight: Less than 1VA 75% of single phase supply RMS voltage 0.5% 0C to +55C -40C to +100C Width 483mm, Height 266mm, Depth 400mm 14.5kg
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 5 FEATURES 1) Complete System Housed In A Single 19 6U Rack Includes power semiconductor and control circuits, power supply transformers, contactors for excitation changeover and field suppression and field suppression resistor. 2) Independent Main And Hot Standby Excitation Channels The unit contains two power semiconductor circuits, one acting as a hot standby to the other. Each circuit is controlled by an independent control card with automatic following to enable smooth transfer from one to the other. Transfer to the standby system is initiated by a separate monitor module in the following circumstances: Voltage monitoring (over/under voltage on generator terminals) Excitation monitoring (over/under excitation with time delays) Over flux monitoring Control card failure The settings for the monitor module are selected to enable the normal limiter settings to operate first. (See Figure 2) Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 10 of 126
Figure 2: Generator Capability Diagram 3) PC Based Setup And Maintenance Software The unit is provided with PC based setup and maintenance software and cable for connection to a standard PC 9 pin serial port. A PC is required to setup the A30. 4) Communication Port #1 For SCADA Communications Provided to allow plant supervision computers to adjust setpoints and inspect generator and excitation system data. Implemented using Modbus protocol. 5) Communication Port #2 For Set Up And Maintenance Provided for connection to an RS232 port on a standard PC for commissioning. 6) Choice Of Setpoint Adjustment Method Either external raise/lower contacts or SCADA communications may be used. 7) Line Voltage Control Mode In Line Voltage Control Mode, line voltage is controlled to a constant adjustable setpoint. In this mode, parallel running capability is provided using quadrature current compensation (QCC) with an adjustable droop setting. 8) Power Factor Control Mode Available when parallel running.
9) VAr Control Mode Available when parallel running. Also incorporates VAr shed facility. 10) Soft Start Facility After switching on excitation, line voltage is increased to the nominal level at an adjustable rate. 11) Fast Acting Field Current Limiter Limits excitation current to prevent excessive line current during power system faults. 12) Over Excitation Limiter Using inverse time delay and temperature compensation if required, this facility is provided to prevent overheating of the generator rotor. 13) Under Excitation Limiter This facility enables operation of the generator at maximum capability with a leading power factor but avoiding the danger of the generator pole slipping. 14) Over Flux Limiter Excitation is controlled to ensure that generator line voltage is limited to a preset adjustable voltage/frequency ratio to avoid over fluxing of the generator. 15) Selectable Standby System Control Mode The standby system may be setup to operate in either Generator Voltage or Exciter Field Current Control Mode. 16) Rotating Diode Failure Alarm Detection of failed rotating diode or fuse is achieved by monitoring the ripple content of exciter field current. 17) Adjustable Step Response This facility enables an adjustable step increase in setpoint to be applied to evaluate the stability settings of the excitation system. The PID parameters of the AVR may then be adjusted accordingly. The rise time and overshoot values are recorded to help with commissioning. The step reduction in setpoint may be used to evaluate the response of the underexcitation limiter. 18) Event Recorder A log of major events, such as limiter and monitor operations, and field suppression is maintained within the unit. The events may be displayed using a PC connected to the commissioning communications port.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 6 SPECIFICATION 6.1 A30-CON Card Unless stated otherwise, all adjustments on this card are made using the HMI. 6.1.1 Voltage Control 1) Three Phase Or Single Phase Sensing Selected by a link. 2) Accuracy 0.5% of mean voltage. 3) Nominal Sensing Voltage Selectable from 100V to 120V in 5 volt increments. Frequency 50/60Hz 10%. Burden <3VA/phase. 4) Voltage Reference Adjustment Adjustable between upper and lower limits in increments of 0.05V using voltage raise/lower switches or relays in the local control panel to apply the auxiliary dc to the relevant terminal. Internal isolation is provided. (Adjustment may also be made using the serial communications facility see Sections 6.1.15 and 6.1.16) 5) Voltage Reference Adjustment Rate The rate of change of voltage reference is adjustable between 200ms/V (5V/s) and 4000ms/V (0.25V/s) 6) Voltage Reference Limits Upper limit adjustable from 100% to 125% of nominal in 5% increments. Lower limit adjustable from 100% to 75% of nominal in 5% increments. (Upper limit assumes no over flux limiter operation) 7) Voltage Reference Self-Centre. The Voltage Reference is reset to nominal voltage at the voltage reference adjustment rate by the application of the dc auxiliary supply via an external switch. Internal isolation is provided. (Voltage Reference Self-Centre may also be selected by the serial communications facility see Sections 6.1.15 and 6.1.16). 6.1.2 Quadrature Current Compensation (QCC) 1) Nominal CT Current 1A or 5A , selected by link. Burden <1VA. 2) Rated CT Current Adjustable in 0.01A increments from 0.50 to 5.50A. 3) Adjustable Droop Adjustable from 0% to 15% in 0.1% steps for rated current at zero power factor lagging. 4) Reverse QCC Available for external reactance compensation. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 12 of 126
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 6.1.3 Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 13 of 126
Over-Flux Limiter The ratio voltage/frequency is automatically limited to between 1.00 to 1.20 per unit, the level being adjustable in increments of 0.001 per unit. (1 per unit voltage is the nominal sensing voltage referred to in Section 6.1.1 Item 3)).
6.1.4
Soft Start After switching on excitation, line voltage is slowly increased to the nominal level. Ramping rate is adjustable from 5V/s to 25V/s. Excitation should only be switched on by energising the Excite input after the AVR Main Electronics Supply has been applied. This should be achieved using a speed detector switch, external to the AVR, which should be set to switch at 80% rated speed.
6.1.5
Speed Detection The AVR provides excitation build up when 85% rated speed is reached. Excitation is removed at 80% rated speed. Speed detection by the AVR uses PMG frequency sensing. An external speed detector switch should also be fitted See 6.1.4 above.
6.1.6
Power Factor Or Reactive Current (VAr) Control 1) PF/VAr Reference Adjustment Range Power Factor: 0.6 lag to 0.9 lead in increments of less than 0.001 VAr: 100% rated VArs lagging to 50% rated VArs leading at nominal volts in increments of 1%. 2) Method Of Adjustment By external raise/lower switches or relays on local panel. (Adjustment may also be made using the serial communications facility see Sections 6.1.15 and 6.1.16) 3) Rate Of PF/VAr Reference Adjustment For PF control the range is adjustable from 1 to 20 seconds for 0.1PF. For VAr control the range is adjustable from 50ms/% (20% rated VArs per sec) to 500 ms/%(2% rated VArs per sec) 4) Accuracy Power Factor Control: 1 at 100% rated current to 5 at 20% rated current provided line current contains less then 2% harmonics. 2% of rated line current provided line current is greater than 10% rated and contains less than 2% harmonics.
Reactive Current Control:
5) Automatic VAr Shedding If the Power is reduced to zero while Power Factor Control is selected, the level of VArs will automatically be reduced to a low level in order to maintain constant power factor. Operation in this way will ensure that the Power Factor reference remains unchanged when the set is shut down. Operation of an external switch/relay will initiate automatic VAr shedding, and if this is invoked during the period that Power Factor control is also selected, VAr shedding will occur irrespective of the power level. This is achieved by the PF controller reference being automatically set to unity. When this is done, the PF set point of unity is stored when the set is shut down and is the setting used on the next start. If VAr shedding is invoked during the period that PF Control is not selected, VAr shedding operates by internally turning on the VAr controller with its VAr reference to zero VArs. This means that when VAr shedding by this method, any previous VAr reference is changed to zero VArs, and this value is saved on shut down and recovered on the next start. If it is required to retain a particular non-zero VAr reference setting, the VAr controller should first be turned off, then selecting PF Control and VAr shedding simultaneously. The rate of change of VAr or PF reference in response to a VAr shedding command is determined by the programmed settings of the PF/VAr reference adjustment rates referred to in 6.1.6 Item 3). 6) Selection Of PF/VAr Control Operation of external switches or relays connected to the auxiliary dc supply will initiate PF or VAr control. Internal dc supply isolation is provided. If PF or VAr controls are both selected together, PF control will result. (PF or VAr control may also be selected by the serial communications facility see Sections 6.1.15 and 6.1.16) 6.1.7 Over Excitation Limiter 1) Limiting Level Within range 2A to 25A in 0.01A increments. 2) Time Delay Integrating time delay adjustable between 50 and 5000% seconds in 5%s increments. 3) Increased Sensitivity The sensitivity can be increased by a factor of 4 to enable checking at 25% of setting during commissioning. 4) Temperature Compensation By connecting a 100 platinum RTD located in the generator air intake to the AVR (no additional transducer required) the over excitation limiter setting can be automatically adjusted according to temperature. Compensation range: Compensation level: -10C to +55C Adjustable from -0.2% to -1% per C rise in 0.01% increments.
Compensation characteristic: Linear.
Under Excitation Limiter 1) Leading Reactive Current Limit The limit at zero power and 100% volts is adjustable between 0.1A and 5.5A in 0.01A increments. This covers the whole range for 1A and 5A CTs. The limit is automatically compensated in proportion to line voltage. 2) Limiting Level Curvature This is set by the external reactance control, which is adjustable between 0 and 0.2 per unit in 0.01 per unit increments.
6.1.9
Fast Acting Field Current Limiter 1) Range Adjustable from 2.5A to 30A in increments of 0.1A. 2) Time Delay Less than 0.05s. 3) Increased Sensitivity Sensitivity can be increased by a factor of 8 to enable checking at 12.5% of nominal setting during commissioning.
6.1.10
Automatic Tracking of Standby Regulator 1) Standby Follower When operating under Standby control and the sensing voltage is within the specified range of the A30-CON card voltage reference, the reference of the A30-CON is automatically adjusted so that line voltage and VArs do not change when voltage control is transferred from Standby to back to Auto. If the A30-CON card has PF, VAr control or VAr shed selected when on Standby, they will not affect the automatic tracking but will become functional when automatic control is selected. 2) Balance Indication When in standby control, LED1 on the A30-CON card will flash while tracking is not achieved. When tracking is achieved, the LED will be continuously illuminated. (Successful tracking is also indicated by the `high' or `low' LED indications on the Standby regulator, and the external null balance meter (if fitted). Normally LED 1 and LED 2 on the Standby card will alternate when balanced. Occasionally both LEDs will be off when balanced but if either LED is on permanently, this indicates a fault). 3) Fail To Follow Alarm And Time Delay When operating in standby control, if the out of balance condition is present for a period greater than the Fail to Follow Alarm Time Delay an alarm is produced by turning on LED6 on the A30-CON card and energising the Limiter Operating Relay on the Utilities card. The Fail to Follow Time delay is adjustable from 2 to 20 sec in increments of 1 sec.
6.1.11
Control Card LED Indications LED 1 In Main control this LED has no function and will be turned off. In Standby control this LED will flash when Main has not matched standby. It will be illuminated steadily when matching has been achieved.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 LED 2 LED 3 LED 4 LED 5 LED 6 Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 16 of 126
Watchdog dropout (program fails to cycle). Over excitation limiter operating. Under excitation limiter operating. PF control selected. In Main control this LED indicates Over Flux limiter operating. In Standby control it indicates that Main has failed to match Standby within in a pre-set time.
LED 7 LED 8 6.1.12
VAr shed selected. VAr control selected.
Control Card Output Signals 1) Limiter Operating When Main channel control is selected a signal is provided to energise a relay on the Utilities card when either the over flux, over excitation or under excitation limiter operates. When the standby channel is selected this signal indicates failure of the Main channel to match the standby channel within the specified period. 2) Control Card Supervisory Output A signal is provided to the A30-MON card in the event of a watchdog dropout or failure of the 5V supply. This will cause the monitor to transfer to Standby.
6.1.13
Analogue Input Signal The AVR can be configured to accept an analogue input such as a signal from a power system stabiliser (PSS). For this application Link 6A on the A30-CON card must be fitted. Input impedance: 20K Sensitivity: An input of 100mV will change the AVR reference by approximately 2.5%
For details of connections to Brush power system stabilisers, please refer to the relevant PSS Instruction Manual. An interface board A30-INT-PSS100, Part No 963135600, is available to provide easy connection of a PSS with a 9Vdc output e.g. Basler PSS100. The interface board connects directly to plug 1 at the back of the A30 rack. The wiring loom then plugs into the interface board. The purpose of the interface board is to attenuate the analogue input signal, on terminals 107 and 108, to a suitable level for the A30.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000

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8 (A30 Terminal 107)
8.6V 8 Output To A30 0.4V
1k 9V 47
Input From PSS 69V
9 (Note: Pins 1 to 7 and Pins 10 to 16 are straight through)
9 (A30 Terminal 108)
Figure 3: A30-INT-PSS100 Interface Board Connections With an input of 9Vdc from the PSS the output to the A30 will be 0.4Vdc. Therefore 9Vdc from the PSS will equate to a change in the AVR reference of approximately 10%. Note: When a PSS is being used 107 is positive and 108 negative. An analogue input transducer is also provided on the A30. If this is to be used then Link 6B should be fitted. This uses the same input terminals as the PSS input and therefore they cannot both be used at the same time. The analogue input transducer is used with special control software, Part No 963113801, that controls the voltage reference depending on the analogue input see Section 8.1.7. Note: When using the analogue input transducer 107 is negative and 108 positive. 6.1.14 Output Voltage The card produces firing pulses that are supplied to a half controlled full Wave Bridge located in the mainframe. The maximum voltage that can be applied to the field is approximately 75% of the PMG voltage at the input to the bridge. 6.1.15 Local Serial Communication Ports A serial communication port (COM 2) is provided for transmitting and receiving information to or from the HMI for commissioning and maintenance. 6.1.16 Remote Serial Communications Facility. 1) Communications Protocol/Rate/Register Addresses Modbus RTU, with the AVR acting as a slave with Modbus ID no 1. Communication Rate is 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit. Register Addresses and scaling factors are given in Appendix C - Holding Registers For SCADA. 2) Set Point Adjustment Via Comms In order to adjust the set points via the HMI it is necessary for the Panel/HMI switch to be set to HMI in which case the following set points are adjustable via the communications link. Note that unless Mode Selection via the HMI has been activated via the comms link, the mode will remain selectable by hard wired signals a normal.
Note that the AVR will not allow a set point to be adjusted beyond the specified range, and that following receipt of a new set point, the rate of change from the previous to the new set point will be according to the values set during commissioning. Note also that for the Leading PF Reference to be used, the PF Ref Leading mode must be selected. Set Points available are: Voltage Reference VAr Reference PF Reference Lagging PF Reference Leading 3) Mode Selection Via Comms Note that unless Allow Mode Selection via the HMI has been activated via the comms link, the mode will remain selectable by hard wired switch signals as normal. Note also that if Allow Mode Selection via the HMI has been activated, selection of the mode by hard wired switch signals is inactive. PF Reference Leading P F Control VAr Control VAr Shed Self Centre Voltage Reference Reset Monitors Allow mode selection Via Comms
4) Viewing Flags And Data Via Comms The comms link can be used to provide digital and analogue data at the remote terminal. The available data is given in Appendix C - Holding Registers For SCADA 6.2 A30-MON Card Unless stated otherwise all adjustments to this card are made using the HMI. 6.2.1 Over Voltage Monitor 1) Three Phase Or Single Phase Sensing Selected by a link. (Selection must be same as that for the Under Voltage Monitor) 2) Accuracy 0.5% of mean voltage. 3) Trip Level Adjustable between 100V and 140V in increments of 0.1V. 4) Time Delay Adjustable integrating time delay having a range of 10% seconds to 100% seconds in 1% second steps. 6.2.2 Over Flux Monitor 1) Measured Quantity Ratio Line Voltage/Line Frequency
2) Trip Level Adjustable between 1.00 and 1.25 per unit in increments of 0.001 per unit. 3) Time Delay Adjustable integrating time delay having a range of 10% seconds to 100% seconds in 1% second steps. 6.2.3 Under Voltage Monitor 1) Three Phase or Single Phase Sensing Selected by a link. (selection must be same as Over Voltage Monitor) 2) Accuracy 0.5% of mean voltage. 3) Trip Level Adjustable between 70V and 120V in 0.1V increments. 4) Time Delay Adjustable integrating time delay having a range of 2%s to 25%s in 1%s steps. 5) Under Frequency Inhibit At line frequency of less than 80% nominal the Under Voltage monitor is inhibited. 6) Over Flux Limiter Inhibit The under voltage monitor is inhibited if the flux limiter on the A30-CON Card is operating. 7) Overcurrent Inhibit The under voltage monitor is inhibited if line current measured by the AVR exceeds 1.5 pu. 8) Soft Start Inhibit The under voltage monitor is inhibited during soft starting. 6.2.4 Over Excitation Monitor 1) Operating Level Adjustable within range 2.5A to 35A in 0.01A steps. 2) Time Delay Adjustable integrating time delay having a range of 100%s to 5000%s in steps of 5%s. 3) Increased Sensitivity Sensitivity can be increased by a factor of 4 to enable checking at 25% of the setting during commissioning. 4) Temperature Compensation The over excitation monitor is compensated for exciter input air temperature by a signal from the RTD transducer located on the A30-CON card. Compensation range: Compensation level: -10C to +55C Adjustable from -0.2% to -1.0% per C rise in 0.01% increments.
Compensation characteristic: Linear.

Under Excitation Monitor 1) Leading Reactive Current Tripping Level The tripping level at zero power and 100%V is adjustable between 0.1A and 5.5A in 0.01A increments. This covers the whole range for 1A and 5A CTs. The trip level is automatically compensated in proportion to line voltage. This should be set at least 10% greater than the under excitation limiter setting. 2) Tripping Level Curvature This is set by the `Xe' control and can be adjusted between 0 and 0.2 per unit in steps of 0.01 per unit. This should normally be set to the same value as the limiter. 3) Time Delay A fixed time delay is included to prevent spurious tripping due to transients. This can be set between 1s and 10s in 0.1s increments.
6.2.6
A30-MON Card Indications LED 1 LED 2 LED 3 LED 4 LED 5 LED 6 LED 7 LED 8 LED 9 LED 10 Spare Monitor watchdog dropout (program fails to cycle). Over Excitation monitor tripped. Under Excitation monitor tripped. Over Voltage monitor tripped. Under Voltage monitor tripped. Over Flux monitor tripped. Standby Power Supply Fault. A30-CON watchdog dropout alarm. Spare
6.2.7
A30-MON Card Output Signals 1) Monitor Trip One signal is provided to energise the monitor trip relay to select Standby control when any of the following occur: Over Excitation monitor tripped Under Excitation monitor tripped Over Voltage monitor tripped Under Voltage monitor tripped Over Flux monitor tripped A30-CON watchdog alarm 2) Monitor Fault Alarm A signal is provided to energise the general alarm relay on the Utilities card and prevent automatic selection of Standby control when any of the following occur: Monitor power supply failure Standby card power supply failure Monitor watchdog dropout alarm
6.2.8
Monitor Latch/Reset When any of the monitors trip they remain latched until the fault is removed and the reset pushbutton on the front of the card has been operated. Relay logic in the AVR prevents return to A30-CON card until monitors are reset.
6.2.9
Monitor Inhibit Operation of the monitor can be inhibited if required by an external switch signal. The auxiliary dc supply is used and internal isolation is provided.
Local Serial Communication Port A serial communication port (COM 2) is provided for transmitting and receiving information to or from the HMI for commissioning and maintenance.
6.2.11
Remote Serial Communications Facility. Remote communication with the A30-CON card in the AVR is particularly useful for adjustment of settings, selection of operating modes, and acquisition of data for display on a remote terminal via a serial link. Remote serial communication with the A30-MON card is less useful and not available on the standard system.
6.3
Standby Control Card 6.3.1 Field Voltage Control In this mode (which is selected by links), field voltage is controlled to a constant level. Two links - selected ranges of 0-100V and 0-200V are available. The maximum field voltage is approximately 75% of the PMG supply voltage. 6.3.2 Line Voltage Control In this mode (which is selected by links), single-phase line voltage is controlled to a constant adjustable level. 10% QCC is provided to facilitate stable parallel operation. A 250mA fuse, FS3, protects the voltage sensing input. 1) Line Voltage Setting Range Sensing voltage adjustable from residual to 137.5V. VT burden <2VA. 2) Quadrature Current Compensation Sensing current 5A nominal or 1A nominal (selected by link). CT burden <1VA. Quantity 10% droop at nominal current, zero PF lagging. 3) Stability Adjustment Provision is made to adjust the stability of the manual regulator when selected for line voltage control. 6.3.3 Travel Time 60s to adjust the reference from minimum to maximum, or 187s if Link 29 is fitted. 6.3.4 Automatic Reset To Minimum When the unit is energised (or re-energised after a power down) the set point is automatically set to zero. 6.3.5 Low Frequency Cut-off The output is reduced to zero when the frequency is below approximately 85% nominal, to prevent over fluxing during run down. A link is provided to select 50/60Hz nominal frequency. 6.3.6 Method of Adjustment By using raise/lower switch signals from the auxiliary dc supply (optical isolation is provided). Local raise/lower pushbuttons are also provided on the Standby control board.
Automatic Follower When the Main AVR channel is operating, the output of the Standby regulator is continuously adjusted to match that of the Main AVR, so that on transfer to the Standby regulator, there is minimal change in excitation. Note that the travel time minimum to maximum introduces a time delay to the follower action. After selection of Standby control, the set point remains constant unless adjusted by the operator. If line voltage control is selected, regular adjustment of the set point of the Standby regulator is unnecessary. This will prevent large variations of machine output voltage (or power factor if paralleled) as the load varies which occurs on manual regulators which control to a constant level of excitation.
6.3.8
Null Balance Indication 1) Local Two LED indicators are provided on the card which indicate `Manual High' and `Manual Low'. When the output of the Main and Standby control systems are matched, both LEDs are extinguished indicating balance between AVR and Standby, irrespective of whether Standby or Main is selected. 2) Remote Provision is made for a 500-0-500 micro amp; centre-zero, null balance meter to indicate balance between Main and Standby irrespective of whether Standby or Main control is selected.
6.3.9
Field Voltage Limiter A field voltage limiter is included which is adjustable from 25V minimum to 200V or 80% of the PMG supply voltage.
6.3.10
AVR Power Supply Monitor A relay is energised in the event of failure of the A30-CON card power supply, its output being used to initiate transfer to Standby control independently of the AVR monitor relay which may be inoperative under a power supply failure situation.
6.3.11
Indications LEDs provide the following indications: LED 1 LED 2 LED 3 LED 4 LED 5 LED 6 Standby AVR lower than Main AVR Standby AVR higher than Main AVR Standby power supply healthy A30-CON card power supply failure Standby at minimum Main AVR selected and excitation limiters off
6.3.12
Output Signals 1) Optically isolated signals to control and monitor boards to indicate Standby high, low and power supply failed. 2) Normally open relay contact which closes on detecting A30-CON card power supply failure. Used to initiate transfer to Standby control. 3) Signal for 500-0-500 micro amp analogue null balance meter. 4) Standby at minimum. A volt-free, normally open contact wired to the rear plug assembly. Rating as in 6.5.7.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 6.3.13 Power Supply The Standby board contains its own supply independent of the Main channel and Monitor. The power supply transformer primary is fused by FS1 and FS2 (250mA). Link selected taps that cater for the following inputs, as seen in the following table: Links Selected 1, 3, 6 1, 5, 6 2, 3, 4 Nominal Voltage Rating Over 66-480Hz Range 220 - 330V 165 - 250V 110 - 165V Nominal Voltage Rating at 50/60Hz 250 10% 187.5 10% 125 10% Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 23 of 126
The unit is rated for 125% of the maximum for 1 minute to cater for over speed condition. 6.3.14 Output Voltage The card produces firing pulses that are supplied to a full wave, half-controlled bridge located in the mainframe. The maximum voltage that can be applied to the field is approximately 75% of the PMG voltage at the input to the bridge.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 6.4 Utilities Card 6.4.1 Power Supplies The card produces the following fused power supplies: Card A30-CON Supply 15V 5% +5V 5% A30-MON 15V 5% +5V 5% Hand-held Terminal +9V 1V Fuse FS4 FS3 FS2 FS1 FS5 Value 250mA 1A 250mA 1A 100mA Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 24 of 126
Note: The Hand-held Terminal Supply is not used on the A30 Excitation Controller, and may not be fitted on later versions. The +5V supplies are each fitted with over voltage protection. The supplies are designed to operate in conjunction with the transformer mounted in the mainframe, connected to the Auxiliaries Board and will operate over the following voltage/frequency range: Auxiliaries Board Voltage Links Selected 1, 3, 6 1, 5, 6 2, 3, 4 Nominal Voltage Rating 66-480Hz 220 - 330V 165 - 250V 110 - 165V Nominal Voltage Rating at 50/60Hz 250 10% 187.5 10% 125 10%
The unit is rated for 125% of the maximum for 1 minute to cater for over speed condition. 6.4.2 Diode Failure Relay This unit detects exciter field current ripple and when this exceeds a pre-set limit local indication is given on the card and a relay is energised to give an outgoing signal. 1) Normal Sensitivity (Link 1 & 2 Omitted) The relay will operate when the ripple exceeds 20% of the dc level. 2) Increased Sensitivity (Link 1 Fitted, 2 Omitted) The ripple to operate the relay is adjustable using RV1 from 20% to 12% of the dc level. 3) Reduced Sensitivity (Link 1 Omitted, 2 Fitted) The ripple to operate the relay is adjustable using RV1 from 20% to 40% of the dc level. 4) Test Facility A front panel pushbutton (DFI Test) provides a means of testing the circuit. Approximately 2 seconds after pressing the button local indication is given and the DF alarm relay is energised.
Relay Output Signals The Utilities card contains relays described below having output signals that are accessible on the rear plug assembly. 1) Contact Rating All the relays on the Utilities card have the following rating: Max switching Voltage Max switching Current Max switching Capacity Min permissible Load 250V ac, 220V dc 2A ac, 2A dc 125VA, 60W 10mV dc, 10A
2) Diode Failure Relay (RL1) A normally de-energised relay which energises when a diode failure is detected. One volt-free changeover contact is provided. 3) Monitor Tripped Relay (RL3) A normally de-energised relay which is energised by a signal from the A30MON card when any of the following fault conditions are detected unless the general alarm relay RL4 is energised. Over Voltage Under Voltage Over Excitation Under Excitation Over Flux monitor A30-CON card microprocessor fault
One volt-free changeover contact is accessible at the rear plug connections. A second changeover contact is internally wired to initiate transfer to Standby on monitor operation. 4) Limiter Operating Relay (RL2) A normally de-energised relay that, in Main control, is energised by a signal from the A30-CON card when any of the following limiters operate: Over Excitation Under Excitation Over Flux In Standby control this relay is energised whenever the Main channel has failed to match Standby in a specified time. One volt-free changeover contact is accessible at the rear plug connections. One normally closed contact is internally wired to inhibit the auto follower on the Standby control card on limiter operation. 5) General Alarm Relay (RL4) A normally de-energised relay that is energised by a signal from the A30-MON card when any of the following fault conditions are detected: Loss of A30-MON power supply Loss of Standby regulator power supply A30-MON card microprocessor fault One volt-free changeover contact is accessible at the rear plug connections. One normally closed contact is used to inhibit operation of the monitor-tripped relay (RL3) in the event of the general alarm relay being energised.
Utilities Card LED Indications LED 1 LED 2 LED 3 LED 4 LED 5 LED 6 LED 7 LED 8 15V A30-CON supply healthy 15V A30-MON supply healthy 5V A30-MON supply healthy 5V A30-CON supply healthy General alarm relay energised Monitor relay energised Diode failure relay energised Unused
6.5
A30-RACK1 Mainframe 6.5.1 Field Suppression Contactor (FSC) This contactor is mechanically latched in the excite or tripped condition. When tripped, the ac supply to the thyristor circuits is disconnected and the field current decays through the field suppression resistor. 6.5.2 Field Suppression Contactor Slave Relay (FSCS) Indication of the state of FSC is given by a volt-free changeover contact on FSCS wired to the outgoing terminal block. See below for contact rating. 6.5.3 Excitation Changeover Contactor (ECC) The contactor is mechanically latched in the `Main' or `Standby' condition to select the required power circuit. 6.5.4 Excitation Changeover Contactor Slave Relay (ECCS) Indication of the state of ECC is given by a volt-free changeover contact on ECCS wired to the outgoing connections. See below for contact rating. 6.5.5 Power Supply Relay (PSR) Indication of the presence of the dc auxiliary power supply is provided by volt-free changeover contacts on this relay, which is energised when the auxiliary supply is present. See below for contact rating. 6.5.6 Fault Relay Slave (FRS) Automatic changeover to Standby AVR occurs when FRS is energised by operation of the monitor relay (RL3) on the Utilities card or operation of the A30CON card power supply failure relay located on the Standby card. See below for contact rating. 6.5.7 Relay Contact Ratings The contact ratings of FSCS, ECCS, PSR and FRS are as follows: Maximum Switching Voltage Maximum Switching Current Maximum Switching Capacity 250V ac 5A 1000VA : 220V dc : 1A (resistive) : 50W
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 6.5.8 Fuses The following fuses are located as shown: On auxiliaries board accessible from front: FS1 FS2 FS3 FS4 Auxiliary dc supply +ve (5A) Auxiliary dc supply -ve (5A) A30-CON/A30-MON supply (2A) A30-CON/A30-MON supply (2A) Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 27 of 126
In mainframe behind hinged door: FS5 FS6 6.5.9 Main channel power circuit semiconductor fuse (20ET) Standby power circuit semiconductor fuse (20ET)
Power Circuit Rating 1) Input Voltage The nominal voltage of the PMG must be within the range 110V to 330V. The PMG voltage should not fall below 75% of the nominal when supplying the maximum field current required under fault conditions. 2) Output Voltage The maximum voltage supplied to the exciter field will not be less than 75% of the (loaded) PMG voltage supplied to the AVR. 3) Maximum Output Current 20A continuous 30A 10 seconds. 4) Ambient Temperature (Standard Unit) Operating: 0C to +55C Storage: -40C to +65C 5) Principal Dimensions 483mm wide x 266mm (6u) high x 400mm deep 6) Weight 14.5kg approx. with plug in cards fitted.
6.5.10
Auxiliary Supply Units can be supplied to operate from the following dc voltages: 24V +15% -20% 110/125V +15% - 20%
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 7 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 7.1 A30-CON Card The control card contains the microprocessor and its associated digital addressing circuitry, digital counter timer, signal conditioning circuitry, thyristor firing pulse isolation circuitry, digital input and output ports, and serial communication ports, see Figure 4. This board carries a smaller mezzanine board, the A30-M188, which contains the majority of the microprocessor-allied components. A large proportion of these are contained in an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array IC4) which is configured on power up by boot ROM IC3. The EPROM (IC11-A) containing the working software is also on this board. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 28 of 126
Figure 4: Block Diagram Of A30-CON Card
The Microprocessor And Its Associated Digital Circuitry A 32MHz crystal (XTAL1) controls the Microprocessor (IC7) timing. It can be reset either by the operation of the push button marked `Micro Reset' on the front panel or by the watchdog (1C1) whenever the software stops updating the watchdog. The memory address circuits (IC6-A,IC8-A and IC9-A) produce a 17-bit address. 128K of volatile RAM is fitted (IC10_A) and 8K of non-volatile memory EEPROM is fitted to store the commissioning and operator adjusted settings when the AVR is shutdown.
7.1.2
Serial Communication Two serial RS232-C ports are available for local and remote communication. A PC based HMI (Human-Machine Interface) can be connected to the local communication port via a `Comms' link to display and adjust contract settings. Provision is made for remote communication from a rear connector to enable adjustment of the settings and control modes via a SCADA link. This can also be used to display quantities measured by the control card.
7.1.3
Line Voltage Measurements
Figure 5: Voltage Sensing Circuits Figure 5 shows the route between the sensing terminals and the control card. Two transformers on the Utilities card (T1 and T2) isolate the three-phase line voltage before this is supplied to the A30-CON card. The voltage is then rectified and buffered by IC3c to produce a smoothed dc voltage at TP9. Links 5A and 5B are used to select the gain and smoothing according to whether single or three phase sensing is required.
The dc output voltage of IC3b is fed to a voltage to frequency converter (IC12) whose output frequency is proportional to the line voltage. This series of pulses is then buffered and read into a counter timer, inside the FPGA on the A30-M188, over a fixed sampling period to provide a number which is proportional to line voltage. Typical voltage at TP9 is 4V - 6V dc at nominal line voltage. 7.1.4 Line Current Measurements
Figure 6: Line Current Sensing Circuits The line current signal is supplied to current transformer T3 and T4 on the Backboard. The current sensing signal for the A30-CON card is produced across R2 (1A primary) or R1 (5A primary) connected across the output of T3. This ac voltage is fed to the A30-CON card where it is rectified and smoothed by IC3a and IC3c before being fed to voltage to frequency converter IC2 whose output frequency is proportional to line current. Figure 6 shows the route between the current sensing terminals and the control card. The following shows typical voltage levels with 5A or 1A CT selections at rated or test levels of CT current. Table 1: Typical Test Voltage Levels (With Respect To TP1) CT 5A 1A 5A 1A Link Selection 1A 1B 1A 1B T3 Primary Test Current 5A 1A 1A 0.2A AC Volts at C1/1 5V 4.7V 1V 0.94V DC Volts at TP2 1.7V 1.6V 0.34V 0.32V
Field Current Measurement Circuits
Figure 7: Field Current Measurement Circuits The field current is measured by two resistors R7 & R8 connected in series with the exciter field, and mounted on the Backboard. The low voltage signal is amplified by IC1 on the Backboard and then fed to the A30-CON card. The signal is then supplied to a voltage to frequency converter IC1 whose output is proportional to exciter field current. Figure 7 shows the circuitry used for exciter field current measurement. The dc voltage on TP4, with respect to TP1, should be approximately 0.33 x the reading of the field current ammeter.
Ambient Temperature Measurement
Figure 8: Temperature Measurement Circuits Ambient temperature is measured using a 100 platinum resistance temperature detector (RTD) normally placed in the generator cooling air inlet. Any change in resistance of the RTD results in a change in the input signal to amplifier IC3d, whose output is connected to a voltage to frequency converter IC5 to give a frequency signal which is related to RTD temperature. Figure 8 shows the circuitry used for temperature measurement with typical voltage levels. 7.1.7 Thyristor Phase Reference And Firing Circuits
Figure 9: Phase Reference And Firing Circuits
The PMG voltage is isolated by transformer T2 on the auxiliaries board and supplied to the A30-CON card where it is rectified by D11 & D12. The rectified signal is compared to a negative signal and the difference amplified by IC7-D to produce a narrow pulse at TP16 every zero crossing of the PMG voltage. This signal is used to reset a counter in the FPGA on the A30-M188. A number calculated in the software (called DEMAND) is loaded into a counter timer every half cycle of the PMG voltage. Each time the PMG waveform passes through zero, the time begins to count, and when the counter reaches the number called Demand the thyristor is fired via a pulse transformer. When the firing pulse is produced the counter is reset and begins counting again on the next zero crossing of the PMG waveform. 7.1.8 Opto-Isolated Digital Inputs Of The A30-CON Card
Figure 10: Typical Arrangement Of Opto-Isolated Input Signals External control panel inputs such as volts raise, volts lower, PF control, VAr shed etc are optically isolated from the A30 electronic circuitry. Each input is de-coupled to filter any transient spikes in the auxiliary dc supply. It can be used for 24/48V or 110/125V dc supply, Link A being fitted for 24/48V supply, and Link B is fitted for 110/125V supply. When a dc signal of the correct level is applied to an input, a 5V-isolated signal is produced at the output that is then applied to a digital input port of the microprocessor.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 7.2 A30-MON Card 7.2.1 Introduction The A30-MON card contains the microprocessor and its associated digital addressing circuitry, digital counter timer, signal conditioning circuitry, digital input and output ports, and serial communication ports. A Mezzanine Board, the A30M188 carries the majority of the microprocessor components. This board is identical to the one on the A30-CON card except for the software contained in the EPROM. It is similar to the A30-CON card, except it does not have the thyristor firing circuit and the PMG voltage input. See Figure 11. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 34 of 126
Figure 11: Block Diagram Of A30-MON Card 7.2.2 The Microprocessor And Its Associated Digital Circuitry A 32MHz crystal (XTAL1) controls the Microprocessor (IC7) timing. It can be reset either by the operation of the push button marked `Micro Reset' on the front panel or by the watchdog (1C1) whenever the software stops updating the watchdog.
The memory address circuits (IC6-A,IC8-A and IC9-A) produce a 17-bit address. 128K of volatile RAM is fitted (IC10_A) and 8K of non-volatile memory EEPROM is fitted to store the commissioning and operator adjusted settings when the AVR is shut down. 7.2.3 Serial Communication Two serial RS232-C ports are available for local and remote communication. An HMI can be connected to the local communication port via a `Comms' link to display contract settings. 7.2.4 Line Voltage Measurements Two transformers (T1 and T2) isolate the three-phase line voltage on the Utilities card before being supplied to the A30-MON card. The voltage is then rectified and buffered by IC4d to produce a smooth dc voltage at TP4. Links 2A and 2B are used to select the gain and smoothing according to whether single or three phase sensing is required. The dc output voltage of IC4d is fed to a voltage to frequency converter (IC3) whose output frequency is proportional to the line voltage. This series of pulses is then buffered and read into a counter timer over a fixed sampling period to provide a number which is proportional to line voltage. Figure 5, Page 29 shows the route between the sensing terminals and the A30MON card and typical voltage measurements with 110V sensing signal applied. 7.2.5 Line Current Measurement The line current signal is supplied to current transformer T3 and T4 on the Backboard. The current sensing signal for the A30-MON card is produced across R2 (1A primary) or R1 (5A primary) connected across the output of T3. This ac voltage is fed to the A30-MON card where it is rectified by IC10b and smoothed by IC10a before being fed to voltage to frequency converter IC8 whose output frequency is proportional to line current. Figure 6, Page 30 shows the route between the current sensing terminals and the A30-MON card with typical voltages and 5A or 1A flowing. 7.2.6 Field Current Measurement The field current is measured by two resistors R7 & R8 connected in series with the exciter field, and mounted on the Backboard. The low voltage signal is amplified by IC2 on the Backboard and then fed to the A30-MON. The signal is then supplied to a voltage to frequency converter IC1 whose output is proportional to exciter field current. Figure 7, Page 31 shows the circuitry used for exciter field current measurement. The dc voltage on TP15, with respect to TP1, should be approximately 0.348 x the reading of the field current ammeter. 7.2.7 Ambient Temperature Measurement Ambient temperature is measured using a 100 platinum resistance temperature detector (RTD) normally placed in the generator cooling air inlet.
An error proportional to the temperature change is produced by the A30-CON card which is then supplied to the A30-MON, where it is amplified by IC10c whose output is connected to a voltage to frequency converter IC7 to give a frequency signal which is related to RTD temperature. Figure 8, Page 32 shows the circuitry used for temperature measurement with typical voltage levels. 7.2.8 Opto-Isolated Digital Inputs External control panel inputs such as field suppression contactor and monitor inhibit etc. are optically isolated from the A30 Excitation Controller electronic circuitry. Each input is de-coupled to filter any transient spikes in the auxiliary dc supply. It can be used for 24/48V or 110V dc supply, Link A being fitted for 24/48V supply, and Link B is fitted for 110/125V supply. When a dc signal of the correct level is applied to an input, a 5V-isolated signal is produced at the isolator output that is then applied to a digital input port of the microprocessor. Figure 10, Page 33 shows the circuitry used. 7.3 Standby Control Card 7.3.1 Introduction The Standby control card contains all the electronic circuitry to control the Standby power circuit housed in the mainframe. It is designed to be independent of the Utilities, A30-CON and A30-MON cards. 7.3.2 Power Supply The power supply is derived from the PMG voltage applied to the primary of T3 via FS1 and FS2. Links are used to select the correct PMG voltage. The 12V dc supplies are produced by VT1, VT2, Reg 1 and Reg 2 and associated components. The supply is monitored by LED 3 to provide front of panel indications, and IC9d that provides an isolated signal to the A30-MON card indicating the state of the Standby power supply. Figure 12 shows the simplified circuitry associated with the Standby power supply.
Figure 12: Simplified Circuitry Associated With Standby Power Supply
Digital Reference IC4, 3 and 1 form a 12 bit up down counter controlled by the raise/lower logic described in 7.3.10. The 12 outputs are connected to a network of resistors R1 to R24 to produce a reference signal that is adjustable in 4096 steps. This signal is supplied to the input of amplifier IC10a whose output provides the reference current for the Standby regulator to the input of IC15b. The counter is limited to a maximum count when the 8 most significant bits reach logic `1'. Under this condition the output of IC12 falls to logic `0' forcing the next clock pulse to reduce the count. Similarly, when the counter is in its `fully down' state the outputs will be at logic `0' and provide minimum reference current. At Standby minimum Pin 6 of IC4 and Pin 7 of IC1 are both zero which causes the output of IC6c to fall to `0' and turn on FET 2 giving indication of Standby at minimum, whilst simultaneously removing further clock pulses via IC8a and IC8c.
7.3.4
Control Of Thyristor Firing The thyristor in the Standby power circuit are phase controlled to provide the required Standby output voltage. To control the instant of firing a triangular waveform at TP4 that is synchronised to the PMG output voltage is compared to a dc voltage at TP16. When the voltage at TP4 exceeds that at TP16 the output of IC4d becomes positive and thyristor firing pulses are produced by oscillator IC16a and associated components. FET3 is pulsed on and transformer T2 supplies pulses to the gate of thyristor SCR3 and SCR4.
7.3.5
Field Voltage Control The output of the Standby regulator is fed to the Standby card terminal S2/11. It is then attenuated, smoothed and supplied via LK14 to the input of an amplifier, where it is compared to the digital reference signal. The difference or error signal is amplified and then inverted by IC4b and IC4c to produce a signal at TP16 that controls the firing angle. If the output of the Standby regulator is higher than the reference, the voltage at TP16 becomes more positive and the firing angle is retarded.
7.3.6
Line Voltage Control Line voltage is supplied to the Standby control card at S2/2 and S2/1. It is isolated by T1 and rectified, attenuated and smoothed, and then supplied via LK15 to the input of IC46 where it is compared to the digital reference signal. The error is amplified and then inverted to produce a signal at TP16 that controls the firing angle. A line current signal supplied at S1/1 and S1/3 provides a drooping voltage/lagging VAr characteristic (QCC) LK12 is fitted for a 1A and LK13 is fitted for 5A current sensing. Figure 13 shows the simplified circuits associated with field voltage and line voltage control.
Figure 13: Simplified Circuits Associated With Field Control And Line Voltage Control 7.3.7 Stabilising The field voltage signal present at C32 is smoothed by R74, 78, 79 (as appropriate) and C21 and is then conditioned by IC11b and associated components and supplied to the input of the error amplifier via C25, RV2 and R71. RV1 provides adjustment of the quantity of stabilising signal provided and RV2 provides adjustment of the phase shift. Links 25, 26 and 28 are set according to the exciter field time constant (See Appendix B - Card Link Descriptions, Link Description 5). 7.3.8 Field Voltage Limiter The output of the Standby regulator at S2/11 is attenuated, smoothed and then supplied to the input of an amplifier, IC11a, where it is compared to a reference signal. If the attenuated field voltage exceeds the reference, the output of IC11a becomes negative and the excitation is limited to that level by the signal flowing through LK24, D5 and R83 to the input of IC15C. RV5 provides adjustment of the setting, and LK24 can be removed to inhibit the limiter if required. 7.3.9 Low Frequency Cut-Off The line voltage signal at the input of DB1 is converted to a triangular waveform at TP22 whose height increases as frequency reduces. When the frequency falls below a pre-set level set by RV3, the voltage at TP22 causes the output of IC10c to switch positive which provides a signal to the 12 bit counter to set its output to zero via D9 and LK7. Links 8 and 9 select the cut-off frequency for 50/60Hz machines. 7.3.10 Raise/Lower Logic When Standby Control Selected When Standby mode is selected, the auto follower mode is turned off since no signal is applied to S1/5. To raise the digital reference, auxiliary dc should be connected to S1/11, or PB2 on the card should be closed. Provided the counter is not already at its upper limit, TP9 at the output of IC5a becomes positive and TP10 also becomes positive to gate the clock pulses (generated by IC5b and associated components) to the counter.
Applying the dc supply to S1/9 or operating PB1 on the card lowers the digital reference. In this case, TP9 is driven to a low level to make the clock pulses reduce the counter setting. When the raise or lower signals are removed the counter remains at its current setting. 7.3.11 Null Balance Detector The null balance detector compares the instant at which the Main channel and Standby channel thyristor firing pulses occur and produces meter and LED indications to show whether Standby is firing later than Main i.e. `STANDBY LOW', or earlier than Main i.e. `STANDBY HIGH'. Signals are also produced by the null balance detector to automatically match the firing angle of the Standby regulator to that of the Main. This means that when Standby is selected from Main, it is set to the correct level. Conversely, when in Standby, control signals are produced by the null balance detector, which are supplied to the A30-CON card to match the firing angle of Main to that of Standby. By this means it is possible to run on Standby and check automatically that null balance can be obtained to indicate the state of the Main channel. The null balance detector receives a firing pulse signal from the A30-CON card at S1/27, which is supplied, to IC14a. The firing pulse signal from the Standby pulse circuit is supplied to IC14a and IC14b and are arranged to produce voltages at TP2 and TP3 which are equal when the firing angle of Main and Standby are balanced. Any difference in firing angle is amplified by IC13b whose output is driven positive when Main is higher than Standby and vice verse. The null balance meter is driven from the output of IC13b through current limiting components. IC13c and IC13d are voltage comparators arranged to produce raise and lower signals to the auto follower, and also to give local LED indication of Standby high or low. Due to the fast response to the null balance measurement circuits, fluctuation of the null balance meter and Standby high/low LED's is normal particularly when following an AVR channel. 7.3.12 Auto Follower When operating in Main without any excitation limiters operating, internal relay logic applies the dc auxiliary supply to S1/5 which turns on opto isolator IC9a and drives the output of IC7a to logic 1. LED 6 on the Standby card is also turned on to indicate `Main Control' channel operation. If the counter is not at the upper or lower limit, an `UP' or `DOWN' signal from the null balance detector will set TP9 to level `1' to raise or `0' to lower, and drive TP10 to a logic `1' to gate the clock pulses to the counter. The counter is adjusted and the reference changed which results in a change in the voltage at TP16 and a subsequent change of Standby firing angle. By this means, the difference between Main and Standby firing angle is minimised.
Lower Limit And Standby At Minimum Indication When the Standby reference is at minimum, Pin 6 of IC4 and Pin 7 of IC1 become zero and the output of IC6c falls to zero preventing any further lower signals via IC8a and IC8c. At the same time FET 2 is turned on, RL2 is energised, and LED 5 turned on to give Standby at minimum indication.
7.3.14
Main AVR Power Supply Monitor The Main channel 15V supply is applied to S1/19 and S1/21 and provides a signal to opto isolator IC12d. Loss of this supply causes RL1 and LED 4 to be turned on via FET 1. A contact on RL1 causes FRS in the mainframe to energise and select the Standby system.
7.4
Utilities Card 7.4.1 Introduction The Utilities card contains 15V and 5V-dc power supplies, and line voltage sensing transformers for the A30-CON and A30-MON cards. Relays associated with AVR logic, monitoring and indication facilities, together with the diode failure detector are also included. Figure 14 shows the circuitry that supplies the Utilities card with typical voltage levels indicated. Allowance should be made when measuring transformer voltages for different PMG voltage levels to those shown.
Figure 14: Utilities Card Connections 7.4.2 5V DC Power Supplies The PMG voltage on U1/5 and U1/9, supplied by the transformer T1 on the auxiliaries board, is rectified by the diode bridges (DB2 and DB4) and smoothed by C2 and C8. This unregulated dc voltage is then fed into a 5V dc regulator (IC1 or IC3) and the 5V output supplied to A30-CON and A30-MON cards LED's 3 & 4 provide indication that the 5V supply is energised. IC2 and IC4 monitor the 5V rail. If an over voltage condition occurs, thyristor 1 or 2 will be fired and cause fuse FS3 or FS1 to rupture.
15V DC Power Supplies The transformer T1 on the auxiliaries board supplies the PMG voltage on U1/15, U1/17, U1/19 and U1/21. The diode bridges DB1 and DB3 rectify this AC voltage. The unregulated dc voltage is then fed into two zener diodes to produce 15V for the A30-CON and the A30-MON cards. The transistor VT1 and VT2 provide a constant current source for the 15V supplies. LED's 1 and 2 provide indication that the 15V supplies are energised.
7.4.4
HMI Power Supply A +9Vdc power supply for a hand-held terminal. The dc voltage present at the output of DB4 is fused by FS5 (100mA) and regulated at 9V by VT3, Z11 and associated components before being supplied to a socket on the front plate of the Utilities card. Note: This feature is not used on the A30 Excitation Controller, and may not be fitted on later versions.
7.4.5
Relays Associated With The AVR Logic And Indications Input signals to the card include monitor trip at U2/18, general alarm at U2/24, and limiter on at U2/20, are given by the A30-MON card and the A30-CON card. Logic 0 at these terminals causes the corresponding FET3, FET5 or FET4 to turn on. This in turn gives a corresponding LED indication and energises relays that provide external indications.
7.4.6
Diode Failure Indication Diode or fuse failure in the rotating assembly is detected by sensing ripple induced in the exciter field current caused by unbalanced loading of the exciter output. The voltage across R7 and R8 is amplified by IC2 on the Backboard and then supplied to the diode failure circuit on the Utilities card. Excessive ripple is detected by IC5b whose output is normally high and goes low when ripple is detected. The output of IC5b is fed via D16 and R50 to IC5a which turns on FET 2 after a time delay. FET2 turns on FET1 to energise the diode failure relay RL1/1 and turn on LED 7 on the Utilities card. The unit is supplied with fixed sensitivity but by fitting LK1, adjustable increasing sensitivity is provided as RV1 is turned clockwise. Fitting LK2 and rotating RV1 clockwise can reduce the sensitivity.
7.5
A30-RACK1 Mainframe Reference is made to the A30 Excitation Controller Circuit Diagram (See Appendix E Drawings). The mainframe is a 19", 6U rack. At the front, on the left, is a fixed panel. Next is a vertically hinged panel and, at the right, is a printed circuit Backboard that carries four pairs of sockets for the plug-in cards. A printed circuit board (the Auxiliaries Board) is fixed towards the top of the left-hand side plate. This board carries four fuses, which are accessible on the fixed front panel. At the rear of the board there are two, 16-way sockets. The board is also associated with the transformer that provides the ac supply for the Main channel electronics power supply. The Auxiliaries Board also contains four small, plug-in relays, PSR, FRS, ECCS and FSCS. On the inside of the left-hand side plate, below the auxiliaries board, are mounted two contactors, ECC and FSC and the field discharge resistor, FSR.
The mainframe has a substantial heat sink at the rear on which are fitted two separate, halfcontrolled, single-phase bridges. These are used for the Main and Standby excitation systems. Also mounted on the heat sink are a ballast resistor (BR) and a small PCB that provides voltage suppression for the two bridges. Connections to the mainframe are via six, 16-way sockets. Two of these, mentioned above, are on the auxiliaries board while the remaining four are mounted on the Backboard and all provide access at the rear. Facilities for connecting the higher current cables for the PMG and exciter field are provided on a DIN rail-mounted terminal block on the back of the unit. Note: All the above connections are of the cage-clamp type and reference should be made to Section 9 for wiring suggestions. A 25-way, serial communications socket is also provided at the rear of the unit. 7.5.1 Main Channel Power Circuit In Main control, the PMG supply is connected via FSC-1, ECC-2, and ECC-3 to the half controlled bridge comprising SCR1, SCR2, D1, and D2. The positive output of the bridge is connected to the exciter field via DB1, FSC-2, FSC-3 and FSC-4. The negative of the exciter field is connected through current measuring resistors R7 and R8, to the negative of the Main and Standby power circuits which are commoned. A ballast resistance BR is connected across the field connections. Note: The negative of the exciter field is earthed; the PMG must not be earthed. 7.5.2 Standby Control Power Circuit In Standby control the PMG supply is connected via FSC-1, ECC-1 and ECC-4 to the half controlled bridge comprising SCR3, SCR4, D3, and D4. The positive output of the bridge is connected to the exciter field via DB2, FSC-2, FSC-3 and FSC-4. As in Main control, the negative of the exciter field is connected through R7 and R8 to the negative of the Main and Standby power circuits. 7.5.3 Relay And Contactor Logic 1) Field Suppression Contactor FSC And Slave Relay FSCS Incorporated in the rack are a contactor (FSC) and a resistor (FSR) used for suppression of the exciter field. Three contacts, FSC-2, FSC-3 and FSC-4, are connected in series with the exciter field, each having a section of FSR connected across it. As these contacts open to suppress the field, current flows through FSR, giving rapid decay of exciter field current. A third contact, FSC-1, is used to break the ac supply from the PMG. Contact FSCS-1 is used to input the state of FSC to the A30-CON and A30MON card via Q/24 on the main frame. The contactor is mechanically latched so that a failure in the coil supply will not produce any change in the contactor state. When the contactor is in the tripped condition (recognised by the control button on the latching mechanism being out) the field is suppressed.
2) Excitation Changeover Contactor ECC And Slave Relay ECCS The Circuit Diagram (See Appendix E - Drawings) shows the contactors in the `Main channel' excitation state with the PMG connected to the Main power circuit. In this condition the Standby power circuit is disconnected from the PMG by ECC-1 and ECC-4 and from the exciter field by DB2. Contact ECCS-1, which is closed when Main is selected, provides a signal to the Standby card S1/5 (via the Utilities card) to select Standby to the Main follower mode, provided that the excitation limiter is not operating. Contact ECC-7 provides a signal to the A30-CON card C2/17 when in Standby. This is used to set the A30-CON card in the `Standby follower' mode to make its output follow that of the Standby channel. 3) Fault Relay Slave - FRS In the event of fault monitor operation or detection of loss of A30-CON card power supply, FRS is energised causing ECC to change state and select Standby control. 4) Power Supply Relay - PSR The presence of the auxiliary dc supply is monitored by PSR. 7.5.4 Field Current Transducers Resistors R7 and R8, which are located on the Backboard measure exciter field current. IC1 and IC2 amplify the low voltage signal before supplying it to the Main Control, Monitor and Standby cards. 7.5.5 Line Current Measurement Line current supplied to terminals 134 and 133 is supplied to current transformers T3 (for A30-CON and A30-MON) and T4 (for Standby). Links are provided across the output of T3 to select for 5A or 1A primary (equivalent links are provided on the Standby card). Note: The Standby, A30-CON and A30-MON cards can be removed without open circuiting the CT supply although the 5A/1A feed should be shorted before removing rear plugs.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 8 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION 8.1 A30-CON Card The mezzanine board on the control card has a boot ROM (IC3) and a software chip (IC11-A) fitted. The boot ROM, Part No 962618301, contains the necessary software to configure the FPGA (IC4) on power up. The software chip contains the control software, which can vary depending on the application. To establish which control software is fitted consult the QC48 document. Alternatively, with the A30 isolated, the control card can be removed to view the software chip (IC11-A) to determine the Part No. and Version No. To ensure the HMI software is compatible with the control software, the HMI software Part No. 962609800 must be Version 2.1 or later. 8.1.1 Standard Control Software (963137401) This software is supplied as standard on the control card. This software is based on the original control software, 962616600, but the differential term has been modified. This was done to give an appropriate response when used with a power system stabiliser (PSS). The software chip 963137401 may also be used if no stabiliser is present. The software chip 963137401 should be used wherever possible for standardisation and to allow for future use of a stabiliser even if not originally required. See Section 6.1.13 for details on using the A30 with a PSS. 8.1.2 Logic For Detection Of VT Signal Missing On Startup Included in A30-CON software chip 963137401 from version 3.00. The logic looks for the presence of VT sensing signals when excitation is initially applied when a generator is started. The logic causes the A30 to remove excitation if VT signals are not seen on startup and it flags an indication on the HMI screen. Excitation remains at zero until the FSC contactor in the A30 is selected to the suppress position and then back to excite. The VT missing on startup logic also limits the fast over excitation limiter setting to 200% of no load cold excitation setting during startup. This is an added safeguard to ensure excitation is not excessive before missing VT signals on startup are detected. When using this software chip it is necessary to correctly set the new preset value "No Load Cold Excitation" using the HMI (HR 40057) (See Table 11 Page 74). When the logic detects missing VT signals on startup, indication is given on the HMI screen in the form of one of three flag "stages". The three stages help to determine the nature of the VT signal problem. Stage One indicates that the unit saw voltage remaining very low during startup and saw excitation at a level indicating that two or three VT connections were missing. Stage Two indicates that the unit did not see nominal voltage being reached during startup and saw excitation at a high level indicating that one VT connection was missing. Stage Three indicates that the unit did see nominal voltage being reached during startup but saw excitation at a high level indicating that one VT connection was missing.
Issue: J
Date: 30 May 2003
Page: 44 of 126
The new logic has been thoroughly factory tested. Further testing on site would unnecessarily risk damage to the generator and any connected equipment and should be avoided. If a customer wishes to see the logic demonstrated on site then great care should be taken to ensure that any connected equipment can withstand the temporary high voltages which would be applied and that no damage is done to the generator. During a test the new logic will remove excitation within approximately 6 seconds and the terminal voltage of a 13.8kV generator would be expected to reach about 18kV. In any tests it is important to ensure that the excitation is not allowed to exceed 200% of the no load cold excitation value for more than 15 seconds to guarantee no damage is done to the generator. 8.1.3 Widening The Range settings For Minimum & Maximum VRef Included in A30-CON software chip 963137401 from version 3.01 The maximum value of VRef minimum limit was increased to 100% of VT nominal and the minimum value of VRef maximum limit was reduced to 100% of VT nominal. This was introduced to the standard chip following a requirement on a particular site to limit VRef to a value closer to nominal than previously required. 8.1.4 Lowering Of The Minimum Overflux Limiter Setting Included in A30-CON software chip 963137401 from version 3.02. The previous minimum possible overflux setting of 1.08PU has been reduced to 1.00PU. It is recommended that the overflux limiter should be set to 1.08PU which falls within the range recommended by ANSI C37.106. 8.1.5 Offloading VArs In PF Control Mode Included in A30-CON software chip 963137401 from version 3.03. This version ensures that the software always uses the correct PF reference when restarting after offloading VARs in PF control mode. 8.1.6 Original Control Software (962616600) A version of the original software chip 962616600, labelled 3.03, provides all the A30-CON improvements described above but without changing the differential term appropriate for use with a stabiliser. This has been produced for cases where detection of VT missing on startup logic needs to be fitted, but where it is inconvenient to adjust the differential settings and carry out response tests on site. In all other situations software chip 963137401 should be used. 8.1.7 Voltage Reference Adjust by Analogue Input (963113801) This software was based on the original control software, 962616600 version 2.00, but has been modified to provide means of adjusting the AVR reference using an analogue input. The analogue input signal is normally isolated and scaled 0 to 5 Vdc. The amount of adjustment the signal makes can be set in the maintenance presets. The Hreg 40056 (See Table 11 Page 74) identified as Auxiliary Input + or - % Range contains the percentage change in the voltage reference when the analogue input is swept from 0 to 5 Vdc. This value can be set between 0 and +/10%.
The analogue input to the AVR is connected to terminals 107 (-ve) and 108 (+ve). On the A30-CON card Link 6B must be fitted and Switch 1-8 on the mezzanine board must be off. To activate the analogue adjustment feature the Enable Analog Adjust module must be selected from the HMI. The Panel/HMI digital input going into terminal 106 should then be selected to HMI. The voltage reference may now be trimmed by an analogue signal of 0 to 5 Vdc. The status of the analogue adjust facility is indicated on the HMI. When the level of the analogue input is changed the internal voltage reference is adjusted to the value determined by the analogue signal. The rate of change is determined by the value set in the maintenance presets Hreg 40061 (See Table 11 Page 74) during initial set up. To commission the analogue adjustment of the voltage reference run with the analogue adjust facility disabled and set the reference to nominal. Set the analogue input to the AVR terminals 107(-ve) and 108(+ve) to 2.5v and adjust RV7 on the A30-CON card until V Ref via Analog Input shown on the HMI is equal to nominal volts. Confirm that when the analogue input signal is raised to 5Vdc, V Ref via Analog Input increases to the maximum required value. Confirm that when the analogue input signal is set to 0Vdc, V Ref via Analog Input decreases to the minimum required value. Set the analogue signal to 2.5Vdc, Enable Analog Adjust via modules button and check that variation of the analogue signal produces the required variation of line voltage. When analogue adjustment of the voltage reference is enabled, automatic Power Factor or VAr control can be achieved by adjusting the analogue input signal. If the Power Factor or VAr controller in the AVR is selected, adjustment of the set point is via the panel PF/VAr raise lower switches. WARNING: When turning off automatic PF/VAr control system, the set point will return to the voltage determined by the analogue input signal, which may not be matched to the present line voltage. 8.1.8 Special Follower Software (963180201) This software was based on the original software (962616600 version 2.00) but has been modified to provide smooth transfer between Voltage Control, PF Control and VAr Control. a) Excitation Controller Selected For Main Control Channel i) When In Voltage Control Mode The PF reference raise/lower switch functions are disabled and the reference of the PF controller will be automatically matched (within the preset limits of 0.9 lead to 0.6 lag) to the machine output PF. On selection of PF control mode, the reference will be the PF value that applied when in the previous mode of control. On selection of PF control, the PF reference raise lower switches can be used to change the PF reference. The VAr reference raise/lower switch functions are disabled and the reference of the VAr controller will be automatically matched (within the preset limits of 50% lead to 100%lag) to the machine output Vars. On selection of VAr control mode, the reference will be the VAr value that applied when in the previous mode of control. On selection of VAr control, the VAr reference raise lower switches can be used to change the VAr reference. ii) When In PF Control Mode The Voltage reference will be automatically adjusted (within its preset limits) so that there is no change in set point on transfer from PF control back to voltage control.
The VAr reference raise/lower switch functions are disabled and the reference of the VAr controller will be automatically matched (within the preset limits of 50% lead to 100%lag) to the machine output Vars. On selection of VAr control mode, the reference will be the VAr value that applied when in the previous mode of control. On selection of VAr control, the VAr reference raise lower switches can be used to change the VAr reference. iii) When In VAr Control Mode The Voltage reference will be automatically adjusted (within its preset limits) so that there is no change in set point on transfer from VAr control back to voltage control. The PF reference raise/lower switch functions are disabled and the reference of the PF controller will be automatically matched (within the preset limits of 0.9 lead to 0.6 lag) to the machine output PF. On selection of PF control mode, the reference will be the PF value that applied when in the previous mode of control. On selection of PF control, the PF reference raise lower switches can be used to change the PF reference. b) On Standby Channel When Not In Control The Standby controller remains as standard, it will normally follow the output of the Main Controller so that there is minimum shock on transfer to Standby. 8.2 A30-MON Card The mezzanine board on the monitor card has a boot ROM (IC3) and software chip (IC11-A) fitted. The boot ROM, Part No 962617100, contains the necessary software to configure the FPGA (IC4) on power up and the software chip, Part No 962616700, contains the monitor software. 8.2.1 Lowering Of The Minimum Overflux Monitor Setting Included in A30-MON software chip 962616700 from version 1.5 The previous minimum possible overflux setting of 1.10PU has been reduced to 1.00PU. It is recommended that the overflux monitor should be set to 1.13PU to give suitable discrimination from the recommended overflux limiter setting (See 8.1.4 above).
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 9 Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 48 of 126
INSTALLATION AND MECHANICAL DETAILS, CARD FITTING AND REMOVAL 9.1 Installation The A30 Excitation Controller is primarily designed for mounting into a standard 19" rack cabinet, but can be mounted on any sturdy panel with a suitable cutout. Where the unit is fitted into a cutout, some form of vertical stiffening is required behind the panel at each side of the cutout to support the cantilevered weight of the unit. For fixing dimensions, refer to the General Arrangement drawing (See Appendix E - Drawings). In addition to the above stiffening, it is advisable to either provide support under the rear of the unit, or to remove the unit during transit. If channels are provided either side of the AVR so that the unit `sits' on these when in position, these will ease subsequent removal for inspection and maintenance. A minimum of 300mm must be provided in front of the unit to allow the plug-in cards to be fitted into the extender card when commissioning/fault finding. 9.2 Ventilation It is important to ensure a free air space of 150mm above and below the unit to allow adequate thermal cooling of the unit. The top cover of the AVR is perforated to allow ventilation, and should not be obstructed or covered. 9.3 Wiring To The A30 Excitation Controller Connections to the AVR are made to a fixed terminal rail and to 6 removable plugs for light 2 current connections. The fixed terminals rail is suitable for cables up to 4mm and the 6 light current plugs are suitable for cables up to 2.5mm (if a crimped ferrule is used refer to 9.4.1) All connections use a cage clamp type of terminal in which the clamping force adjusts automatically to the conductor cross-section. The flat clamping face of the cage clamp spring presses the conductor against the current bar without damage. Any deformation or movement of the conductor is automatically compensated so eliminating the risk of a loose connection. The types of conductors that are suitable, with conductor preparation (anti-splaying protection) are shown in Figure 15.
Figure 15: Types Of Conductors
A sound earth connection must be made to the earth terminal at the rear of the AVR. Care should be taken not to allow debris to drop through the cover of the AVR during installation. 9.4 Wiring To The Plug Two methods of wiring the plug are recommended: 9.4.1 Method 1 1) Firmly secure the plug in the approximate final position (the ideal way to do this is to insert the plug into its socket on the A30 Excitation Controller). 2) Strip back the insulation from the cable to a distance of 7mm to 8mm or fit a crimped ferrule if a contract requirement. 3) Insert the cage clamp tool or a small screwdriver into the terminal to open the cage clamp, and insert the cable ensuring that the clamp grips the conductor and that no stray strands are left exposed. See Figure 16.
Figure 16: Connection Of Conductors - Front Entry
Method 2 (Using The Special Lever To Open The Cage Clamp) 1) Prepare the cable as described in 9.4.1 Method 1, Item 2). 2) Holding the plug in the hand, depress the special lever and insert the cable into the clamp. See Figure 17 and Figure 18.
Figure 17: Connection Of Conductors - Side Entry With Lever For Self-Mounting
Figure 18: Dimension Drawing Of Conductor With Lever For Self-Mounting 3) Release the lever and check that no cable strands remain exposed. 9.5 Safety The A30 Excitation Controller should be installed in a manner so the rear connections cannot be accidentally touched when the equipment is energised. 9.6 Mechanical Details The PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller is a standard 19" wide rack, 6u high, of overall dimensions 483mm wide, 266mm high, 400mm deep. Approximate weight is 14.5kg. The General Arrangement drawing (see Appendix E - Drawings), shows the overall dimensions of the unit, the card positions and positions of the rear connections.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 9.7 Card Fitting and Removal WARNING: Take anti-static precautions when handling cards. Ensure that you are earthed (grounded) by using a wrist strap or similar device. An earth connection terminal is fitted in the centre or the front right hand mounting bracket of the AVR to which a wrist strap may be clipped. Electronic cards can be damaged by static discharge and should be carried in anti static protective containers wherever practicable. They should always be stored and transported in anti static bags or boxes. Each plug-in card is fitted with a captive securing screw and a card insertion/ejector mechanism top and bottom. To remove a card, first ensure that the mainframe switch SW1 is turned off if removing the Utilities, A30-CON or A30-MON card. The two retaining screws should be released and the ejector levers gently pushed apart to jack the board out of the rack. To insert a board, ensure that the mainframe switch is off if fitting the Utilities, A30-CON or A30-MON card. Push the ejector levers apart, and then insert the card in the correct position until resistance is felt. Gently pull the levers together to draw the card into the rack. Finally, tighten the two captive screws. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 51 of 126
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 10 COMMISSIONING 10.1 EMC Installation And Operation Guidelines The A30 Excitation Controller is industrial equipment and meets the essential requirements of the EEC EMC Directive 89/336/EMC when installed and operated in accordance with the following guidelines. 10.1.1 Installation The unit should be installed and connected so as to limit externally generated interference levels reaching it to within the levels defined by EN 50082-2 (Immunity Generic Standard - Industrial). This is achieved by mounting in a suitably constructed, earthed metal enclosure and wiring in accordance with the guidelines given in paragraph 10.1.3. Additionally, other equipment installed in a common enclosure should not produce interference in excess of the levels prescribed by EN 50081-2 ((Emissions Generic Standard - Industrial). 10.1.2 Use Of Portable Communication Devices Mobile phones and 'walkie talkies' should not be used near the equipment unless covers are fitted and panel doors closed. Furthermore, the antenna power of such transceivers should not exceed 5 watts and they should not be operated at a distance less than 1 metre from the equipment. 10.1.3 Wiring It is recommended that the equipment is installed in accordance with the general practices outlined in IEC 61000-5-2 1997 and 61000-5-6. For excitation systems, for EMC purposes, signal and power cables may be classified as follows: 1) High Level Signal Cables Voltage and current sensing. 2) Low Level Signal Cables Analogue input terminal of AVR such as output from auxiliary controller or power system stabiliser. Null balance meter connections. Resistance temperature detectors. (Individual shielded twisted pairs are recommended for these signals). 3) High Frequency Power Cables Excitation sources such as PMG or excitation transformer supply. Generator field connections. 4) Low Frequency Power Cables Connections to auxiliary power supplies. 5) Operation The equipment must be used for the application for which it is designed and operated within its specified duty. All outgoing relay contacts and switches must be used within their rating and should be suppressed when used to switch inductive loads. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 52 of 126
Note: The advice given in the safety notice at the front of this Instruction Manual should be followed during commissioning. WARNING: If Standby control is to be used to excite the machine whilst running short circuited either for protection testing or drying out it is essential that it is selected for FIELD VOLTAGE control as described in 10.4.1 to 10.4.3, Item 1). Line current and exciter field current should be carefully monitored at this stage. 10.2 Pre-Commissioning Checks Prior to commissioning the A30 Excitation Controller unit, it is important to complete commissioning of the protection system for the generator and associated power equipment. Having verified that these are correct the following preliminary checks should be made on the excitation system: 1) Check that the PMG output is correctly wired and that PMG output is not earthed in its terminal box. 2) Check that the sensing signals (CTs and PTs) are correct in polarity and phasing. 3) Check that exciter field is correctly wired. 4) Check that all wiring external to the AVR is secure and correct to the contract circuit diagram. Ensure that the earth stud is solidly earthed. 5) Visually check that the AVR has not been physically damaged during transit to site. Ensure that the contactors and other auxiliary equipment have not been disturbed and that the internal wiring is secure. Check that the plug-in cards are correctly aligned and fully inserted. 6) Check that the correct links are fitted to the AVR as detailed in the A30 Excitation Controller test certificate QC.48. Standby card links should be in the despatch position. 7) Check that the software version and check sums shown on the A30-CON and A30-MON EPROMs and Boot ROM (IC11 and IC3 on the A30-M188) correspond to those given in the A30 Excitation Controller test certificate QC.48. 8) Ensure that the auxiliary dc supply voltage corresponds to that indicated in the A30 Excitation Controller test certificate QC.48. The A30 Excitation Controller is now ready for commissioning as detailed below. The following information should be read in conjunction with any specific contract commissioning notes. 10.3 Check Operation Of DC Contactors, Switches And Indications With Machine At Standstill 1) Remove FS1 and FS2 (on the left hand, fixed, front panel). Apply the auxiliary dc supply and confirm correct value and polarity is applied to AVR terminals 1 (positive) and 2 (negative) on Plug 5 at the rear of the AVR. 2) Replace FS1 and FS2 and check that power supply monitor relay PSR is energised. This relay is on the Auxiliaries board and its position is indicated on the diagram on the inside of the hinged door. If outgoing contact PSR-1 is used for indication, check correct indication is given. 3) Check the correct operation of the following switches in local control (and remote control if applicable): 10.3.1 Main/Standby Selector Switch When `Main' is selected ECCS is energised. Confirm correct Main/Standby indication via ECCS-2 if applicable.
Field Suppression Excite/Trip Signals Simulate an exciter field trip signal and check FSC trips and FSCS de-energises. Check FSC energises when the trip signal is reset. Confirm correct excite/suppression indication via FSCS-2 if applicable.
10.3.3
Standby Excitation Raise/Lower Switch Confirm auxiliary dc +ve is present on Tm152 with respect to Tm153 when Standby channel raise signal is given. Confirm auxiliary dc +ve is present on Tm151 with respect to Tm153 when Standby channel lower signal is given. Note: The nature of the circuit ensures that the voltage present on the `opposite' terminal (e.g. TM 152 when a lower signal is given) is only about 0.5V less than the target terminal.
10.3.4
Main Excitation Raise/Lower Switch Confirm auxiliary dc +ve is present on Tm100 with respect to Tm153 only when Main channel raise is given. Confirm auxiliary dc +ve is present on Tm101 with respect to Tm153 only when Main channel lower signal is given.
10.3.5
Power Factor/VAr Raise/Lower Switch (If Applicable) Confirm auxiliary dc +ve is present on Tm110 with respect to Tm153, only when PF/VAr raise signal is given. Confirm auxiliary dc +ve is present on Tm105 with respect to Tm153, only when PF/VAr lower signal is given.
10.3.6
Select PF Control Switch (If Applicable) Confirm auxiliary dc +ve is present on Tm102 with respect to Tm153, only when select PF control switch is operated.
10.3.7
Select VAr Control Switch (If Applicable) Confirm auxiliary dc +ve is present on Tm103 with respect to Tm153, only when select VAr control switch is operated.
10.3.8
Select VAr Shed Switch (If Applicable) Confirm auxiliary dc +ve is present on Tm104 with respect to Tm153, only when VAr shed switch is operated.
10.3.9
Voltage Datum Self Centre Switch (If Applicable) Confirm auxiliary dc +ve is present on Tm112 with respect to Tm153, only when the voltage datum self-centre switch is operated.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 10.4 Check Standby Control 10.4.1 Check Excitation Isolator Is Off And Select Field Voltage Control. Check that FSC is tripped (field suppressed) and Standby control selected. Ensure that the Standby card is initially set to exciter field voltage control with the links set to give this condition (refer to the QC.48 document). Turn off SW1 that is located on the mainframe 10.4.2 Run The Machine At Rated Speed Check that the PMG voltage and the PMG frequency are in accordance with that specified on the QC.48 document. Close the excitation isolator to apply the PMG supply to the AVR and reset FSC. Check that the following indicators are on: Standby LED 3 LED 4 LED 5 Standby Power Supply Healthy Control Power Supply Failed Standby at Minimum Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 55 of 126
(Disregard others at this stage). 10.4.3 Check Performance On Field Voltage Control 1) Operate the Standby raise switch on the control panel for approximately 1 second. Note that LED 5 goes off. Repeatedly pulse the raise switch, pausing for a few seconds each time, and note that the exciter field current begins to increase accompanied by an increase of line voltage. Confirm from the excitation data on the QC.48 that the line voltage corresponds to the value of field current. 2) Set the line voltage to nominal and check that fine adjustment of voltage can be obtained using the Standby raise/lower switches. 3) Check voltage-sensing supply to A30 Excitation Controller is present at terminals 132, 148, 140, 141 and 139 for 3 phase sensing if applicable. 4) Trip excitation and check that voltage collapses to residual. Open the excitation isolator. 5) Field voltage limiter setting: (This has been pre-set but may be checked if necessary as follows): a) Disconnect the exciter field +ve connection from outgoing terminal 8. b) Connect a dc voltmeter across outgoing terminals 8 (+ve) and 9 (-ve earth). c) Close the excitation isolator and reset FSC, slowly increase the setting of the Standby regulator until the voltage measured across Tm8 and Tm9 reaches a ceiling level whereby further raise signals make no difference, or until it is 20V above the limit level specified in QC.48. If necessary, adjust the limiting level by trimming RV5 on the Standby card using the extender card to gain accessibility. d) Trip excitation. Turn the isolator to OFF. Replace the exciter field connection to terminal 8. Remove the dc voltmeter. 6) Check low frequency cut-off: a) Close isolator and reset excitation. b) Raise the excitation to produce nominal generator voltage on open circuit. c) Slowly reduce the machine speed and check that the exciter field current remains approximately constant until the speed reaches approximately 85% nominal at which point it falls to zero. d) Increase the machine speed to nominal and check that the excitation remains at zero. e) Trip FSC. f) Turn the excitation isolator to OFF.
Check Performance On Line Voltage Control If Standby is to be left in Field Voltage Control Mode, (see QC.48 document) this procedure may be omitted 1) If Standby is to be operated in line voltage control fit the links specified in the QC.48 document. 2) Close the excitation isolator and reset FSC. Note that the Standby at Minimum (LED5) is turned on. 3) Operate the Standby raise switch (again repeatedly pulsing the raise switch and pausing for a few seconds each time) and observe gradual increase of line voltage. Set the line voltage to nominal. 4) The response of Standby voltage control can be set using stabilising controls Stab Q (RV1) and Stab P (RV2), accessible through the front panel of the card. A useful starting point is to set Q (RV1) and P (RV2) ten turns clockwise, reduce Q until the voltage begins to fluctuate, and then turn Q clockwise to stabilise voltage. When the AVR is stable, exciter field voltage should be steady. Trip FSC. Turn the excitation isolator to OFF. 5) The open circuit response can be optimised to give a particular response by use of the 10% step change in reference PB3 on the card. Ideally, a digital storage scope or UV response recorder should be used with a three phase back-off unit. P and Q should be adjusted to give an open circuit single overshoot of approximately 20% (of the step) with optimum rise time and settling time. Further adjustments may need to be made on load to give a particular response.
10.5
Check A30-CON And A30-MON Settings Note: The design settings for the contract are given in the QC.48 document. Any deviation from the settings should be recorded in the `site settings' column and a copy should be returned to Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 10.5.1 Preliminary Ensure Standby mode is still selected. Ensure SW1 in mainframe is still off. Run the machine at rated speed. Close the exciter isolator. Close the mainframe switch SW1 and check that the following LED's are ON: 15V healthy 15V healthy 5v healthy 5v healthy
1) Utilities Card LED 1 Control LED 2 Monitor LED 3 Monitor LED 4 Control
2) Check Diode Failure Indicator Depress the `DF Test' pushbutton on the Utilities card; check that LED7 on the Utilities card is illuminated after a 1-3 second delay. 3) A30-CON And A30-MON Cards No LED's should be on.
Set/Confirm Programmed Parameters On A30-CON card Connect a PC, with the HMI software installed, to the control card using the comms cable supplied. The cable should be connected from the serial port on the PC to comm port 2 on the front of the control card. Run the HMI software and configure it for the A30-CON. Ensure that the HMI is communicating by checking that the cursor in the bottom right hand corner of the screen is rotating. View the maintenance presets and check that they are the same as the design settings on the QC48 document. If the card has been set up at the factory the settings should not need changing as they are stored in E2PROM. If it is necessary to change any of the stored settings see Section 11.10.5 for details. Using the HMI check that the measured parameters are reading zero except for the sensing line voltage that will show residual.
10.5.3
Set/Confirm Programmed Parameters on A30-MON card Connect a PC, with the HMI software installed, to the control card using the comms cable supplied. The cable should be connected from the serial port on the PC to comm port 2 on the front of the monitor card. Run the HMI software and configure it for the A30-MON. Ensure that the HMI is communicating by checking that the cursor in the bottom right hand corner of the screen is rotating. View the maintenance presets and check that they are the same as the design settings on the QC48 document. If the card has been set up at the factory the settings should not need changing as they are stored in E2PROM. If it is necessary to change any of the stored settings see Section 11.12.5 for details. Using the HMI check that the measured parameters are reading zero except for the sensing line voltage that will show residual.
10.6
Check Display Of Measured Parameters On The A30-CON And A30-MON Card Reset Excitation by energising the excite input to FSC and raise Standby to produce nominal line voltage indicated on the panel voltmeter. Use the HMI to check the sensing line voltage, frequency, and exciter field current. Do this on the A30-MON and A30-CON card. If the under volts monitor operates ignore it at this time (LED 6 on A30-MON card) Confirm that the voltage and current values agree with the panel instruments. If calibration is necessary refer to Section 13 - Transducer Calibration Procedure. Also confirm that the A30-CON card displays the correct PMG frequency.
10.7
Check Null Balance Indication When In Standby Turn off SW1 in the mainframe and check that the null balance indicator shows Standby high, and that LED 2 on the Standby card is on. Turn on SW1 in the mainframe. Check that the null balance meter returns to its centre position after a short delay and LED 1 and LED 2 on the Standby card flicker when balance is indicated on the meter. Check that LED 1 on the A30-CON card is continuously on also indicating balance of the A30CON to the Standby. Also check that LED 6 on the A30-CON card is off, indicting that the alarm that indicates that the Control Card is out of Balance with standby is OFF. Confirm that the HMI indicates that the AVR is matched to Standby.
10.8
Set-up Stability In Main Channel 1) When running the generator on open circuit in standby control, ensure that the main channel is matched using the HMI or alternatively check the LED1 on the A30 control card is continuously illuminated. Disable the UV Monitor via the Enable/Disable Software Modules button on the monitor HMI.
2) Confirm that the settings of the stabilising controls (prop Gain, Integral Gain, Diff Gain) are set to the values shown in the QC (T) 48, unless optimum stabilising settings have previously been established. Select Main. Note: The PID stabilised settings given on the QC(T)48 are preliminary and may require optimisation on the contract but in the event that they are unsuitable settings of P=60, I=100 and D=50 provide a good starting point. Optimisation of the stabilising settings is described in Section 14 of this Instruction Manual. 3) The PID stabilising settings given on the QC.48 are preliminary and may require optimisation on the contract. This may be carried out initially by running the machine on open circuit and using the VRef Step Up Test facility to produce a sudden increase in the reference voltage of the AVR. This is accessed via the 'Tests' button on the control HMI. The size of the step is adjustable and the default setting of 5% is recommended. Typically, the settings will be adjusted to achieve an overshoot of approximately 20% (of the step) with an acceptable rise time. Use of the HMI to display overshoot and rise time will help to select the best settings. The Trend Data which shows the shape of the voltage transient will also be helpful but is not updated frequently enough to provide an accurate trace of the voltage response. In some cases it may be necessary to optimise the stabilising settings by performing load application and rejection tests to check the response. Once the required response is achieved, the response data from the HMI should be recorded. 10.9 Check The Voltage Range Of The A30-CON Card 1) Select self-centring by linking TML112 and TML17 and confirm that line voltage returns to its nominal value. The rate at which the voltage set point is changed is the same as the VRef Adjust Rate in the maintenance presets. Disable the under voltage and over voltage monitors on the A30-MON card HMI 'Modules' button. 2) Use the Main channel voltage lower/raise controls to adjust line voltage and ensure minimum and maximum settings are equal to the settings in the QC.48 document. If operation of the over flux limiter prevents the maximum setting being obtained it will be necessary to disable the over flux limiter and monitor after first ensuring no equipment can be damaged by over voltage during the test. Adjust the line voltage to nominal. 3) Enable the under voltage monitor and the over voltage monitor on the A30-MON card. Enable the over flux limiter and monitor if disabled during this test.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 10.10 Check Soft Start Remove excitation by de-energising the Excite input and momentarily energising the Trip input to the FSC as shown on the A30 Excitation System Circuit Diagram - see Appendix E Drawings. (The PMG isolator switch should not be used.) Wait for 1 minute to allow line voltage to collapse completely. Ensure that the Trip input to the FSC is de-energised and reapply excitation by energising the Excite input to FSC. Observe that line voltage builds up slowly without large oscillations or any significant overshoot. The soft start ramp rate may be adjusted if required. 10.11 Check For Smooth Changeover From Standby To Main Channel Check that the null balance meter and standby LEDs indicate that standby is matched to main and select standby. Lower standby and using the A30-CON HMI observe that Vref follows V Sensing. Note that when the line voltage is below the minimum setting of V Ref, no further reduction is possible and LED1 on the CON card begins to flash continuously. Note that after a delay, indication of mis-balance is given by LED 6 being turned on and also on the HMI. Increase the setting of standby to rated voltage and observe that balance is once more obtained, indicated by LED 1 being on continuously and LED 6 turning off. Select Main and check that there is negligible change in line voltage. If necessary the transient can be adjusted using the Smooth Changeover P and D gain values in the maintenance presets. 10.12 Check/Set-Up Over Excitation Limiters And Monitors 10.12.1 Check Fast Over Excitation Limiter. (Short Circuit Limit) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Adjust the OE Limit at 0C to 5A (Maintenance Presets) Adjust the Fast OE Limit Ref. to 12A. Disable the OE Limiter ('Modules' button). Disable the Under Voltage Monitor ('Modules' button). Enable the Fast OEL x8 Sensitivity ('Modules' button). Check that the field current is limited to 1.5A 0.1A. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 59 of 126
Note: If the excitation requirement is less than 1.5A on open circuit the Fast OE Limit Ref. should be reduced for this test. 10.12.2 Check Over Excitation Limit 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Disable the OEL Temp Compensation ('Modules' button). Adjust the OE Limit Delay to 100% second (Maintenance Presets). Select the OEL x4 Sensitivity ('Modules' button) Enable the OE Limiter ('Modules' button). Check that the field current is controlled to 1.25A 0.1A after approximately 5 seconds. 6) Also check that LED 3 on the control card comes on. 10.12.3 Check Over Excitation Monitor 1) Disable the OE Limiter ('Modules' button) and check that the field current is limited to 1.5A 0.1A by the Fast OE Limiter. 2) Disable the OE Monitor. 3) Disable the OE Monitor Temp Compensation. 4) Adjust the Over Excitation Monitor Set Point to 5A (Maintenance Presets) and enable the OE Mon x4 Sensitivity.
5) Enable the over excitation monitor. Check that the AVR trips to Standby after approximately 5 seconds. Note: If field current is limited to between 1.25A and 1.5A for this test, the monitor tripping time will be correspondingly longer. 6) Check that LED 3 on the A30-MON card is turned on. 7) Turn off the X4 sensitivity on the A30-MON card. Reset the monitor using the reset pushbutton. 10.12.4 Program Final Settings 1) Adjust the Over Excitation Monitor Set Point (Maintenance Presets) to the level given in the QC.48 document. 2) Turn off the Fast OEL x8 Sensitivity and then the OEL x4 Sensitivity on the control card ('Modules' button). Adjust the Fast OE Limit Ref (Maintenance Presets) to the level given in the QC.48 document. Adjust the OE Limit at 0C (Maintenance Presets) to the level given in the QC.48 document. 3) Enable the OE Limiter ('Modules' button). Leave the system in Standby control at this stage. 10.12.5 Check Temperature Compensation (If Applicable) 1) Connect a resistance of 100 between terminals 116 and 117. Terminals 116 and 118 should be connected together. Use the HMI ('Modules' button) to enable the OEL Temp Compensation module on the control card. Check that the OE Limiter Ambient Temperature Compensation is set according to the QC.48 document. Check that the A30-CON HMI indicates a temperature of 0 2C. 2) Enable the OE Monitor Temp Compensation on the A30-MON card ('Modules' button) and check that the OEM Ambient Temperature Compensation is set according to the QC.48 document. Check that A30-MON HMI indicates a temperature of 0 2C. 3) Connect a resistance of 115 between terminals 116 and 117. Terminals 116 and 118 should be connected together. On the A30-MON HMI check that the temperature reading 40C 2C and that the Actual OE Mon Trip Point is below the 0 deg C Trip Point. On the A30-CON HMI check that the temperature reading 40C 2C and that o the Actual OE Limit is below the 0 C Limit. 4) Reconnect the RTD to terminals 116, 117 and 118. Adjust the line voltage to nominal in Standby. Check for Null balance and transfer to `Main'. 10.13 Over Voltage And Over Flux Monitors 10.13.1 Check Over Voltage Monitor 1) Use the HMI to disable the Over Volts Monitor ('Modules' button). 2) Set the OverVolts Monitor Set Point 5% above the VT Nominal and the OverVolts Monitor Delay to 30% second. (Maintenance Presets). Raise the excitation in `Main' and set the sensing voltage to 10% above VT Nominal. 3) Use the HMI to enable the OverVolts Monitor ('Modules' button). Check that LED 5 on the A30-MON card is illuminated and the AVR is tripped to Standby after approximately 6 seconds. 4) Lower the line voltage to the nominal level in Standby and reset the Over Volts Monitor using the pushbutton on the A30-MON card.
Check The Over Flux Monitor 1) Run in Auto, at 100% volts and, use the HMI to set the OverFlux Monitor Set Point to 1.1 pu (Maintenance Presets). 2) Whilst running at rated speed, note the Over Flux Monitor Trip Point which should be 10% above VT Nominal (any slight difference could be due to frequency not being exactly at nominal). Increase the line voltage to just above the monitor trip point (temporarily disable Over Flux Limiter on the A30CON if necessary) and note that the Over Flux Monitor Timer begins to increase slowly. Confirm that the monitor trips to standby when the timer reaches 100% and that LED 7 on the A30-MON is turned on. 3) Reduce the line voltage to nominal; reset the Over Flux Monitor, check for null balance and transfer to Main. 4) Set the Over Volts and Over Flux Monitor Set Points and Delays (Maintenance Presets) to the levels given in the QC.48 document.
10.14
Set/Check The Under Voltage Monitor Level 1) Use the HMI to disable the Under Volts Monitor ('Modules' button). Set the Under Volts Monitor Set Point 5% below the VT Nominal and the Under Volts Monitor Delay to 30% second (Maintenance Presets). 2) Lower the excitation in Main to 10% below the nominal voltage. Use the HMI to enable the Under Volts Monitor. Check that LED 6 on the A30-MON card is illuminated and the AVR is tripped to Standby after approximately 6 seconds. 3) Raise the line voltage to the nominal level in Standby and then reset the Under Volts Monitor using the reset pushbutton on the A30-MON card. Check for null balance and transfer from `Standby' to `Main'. 4) Set the Under Volts Set Point and Delay (Maintenance Presets) to the level given in the QC.48 document.
10.15
Check Parallel Operation 1) Check excitation isolator is off and that FSC is tripped (field suppressed). Select the Standby card to exciter field voltage control by fitting the links in the despatch position shown on the QC.48 document. 2) Close the excitation isolator and reset FSC. Raise the line voltage in Standby and set it to nominal. Use the HMI (Maintenance Presets) to check that the QCC on the control card is set to 15% and the QCC is turned on. Disable the Power Factor/VAr/VAr Shed software ('Modules' button). 3) Prepare to synchronise the generator with the grid system i.e. minimum slip, voltage difference and phase difference. 4) Close the paralleling breaker at the correct instant and check that the line current remains at a low constant value. In the event of line current suddenly increasing, immediately open the breaker. 5) Check that the sensing line current given by the HMI on the A30-CON and A30-MON cards are the same as the reading on the secondary CT line current. If calibration is necessary refer to Section 13. 6) Raise excitation in Standby to produce approximately 20% rated VArs lagging. Use the A30-CON HMI and check that VControl is less than VRef indicating that the line voltage will reduce as lagging VArs increase. If this is not the case, the AVR CT and VT phasing is incorrect and must be re-checked after shutting down the machine. 7) Check for indication of null balance and transfer from `Standby' to `Main' and check that there is no sudden change in excitation or VArs. 8) Confirm that VArs can be adjusted easily by raising or lowering the AVR setting using the customers switches.
9) Depending upon the external reactance Xe and the configuration of the system, the amount of QCC should be reduced to a level that gives stable control of VArs as the AVR datum is adjusted. Typically the QCC is set at 4% for Xe = 0. 10.16 Check Under Excitation Limiter 1) Run the machine in parallel with the grid system under Main AVR control at zero or light load. Check that the Under Excitation Limiter Software is enabled. Check that the Leading ISin Limit and the external reactance (Xe) are set as shown in the QC.48 document. (Maintenance Presets). 2) Slowly reduce the excitation observing the status of the UELimiter on the HMI. (Note: the Limit@0MW indicates only when running at leading PF) Check that the Leading VArs are limited to a level close to the set point and that the excitation is reasonably stable. UE Limiter P, I D gains can be adjusted if necessary (Maintenance Presets). Unless Xe is zero, the limiting level of VArs will reduce as power increases. Check that LED 4 on the control card is on when limiting. 3) Slowly raise the excitation to come off the under excitation limit. 4) If possible check the characteristic of the under excitation limiter by measuring the operating points of different load levels and plotting them on the capability diagram. 5) The transient response of the UE Limiter can be observed using the VRef Step Down facility ('Tests' button) refer to Section 14.4 for details of this and UEL stabilising adjustment. 10.17 Check Under Excitation Monitor 1) Under Excitation Monitor. a) If continuing from previous test, run the machine in parallel at light load, zero VArs. b) Disable the under Excitation Limiter on the A30-CON card ('Modules' button). c) Check that the UE Monitor Software and Output are enabled. On the UE Monitor check that the Leading ISin limit and the external reactance Xe (Maintenance Presets) are set to the levels given in the QC.48 document. 2) With the machine running in parallel with the grid supply at zero or light load, slowly reduce the excitation observing on the HMI the status of the UE Monitor. This will show the timer start when the operating level is exceeded. Check that the UE Monitor trips to Standby when the timer reaches 100% and that that LED 4 of the A30-MON card is turned on. 3) Raise Standby excitation and set the VArs to zero. Reset the monitor, check for null balance between the AVR and standby and transfer from `Standby' to `Main' control. 4) If possible, check the characteristic of the UE Monitor by measuring the operating point at different load levels and plotting them on the capability diagram. 5) Reduce VArs to zero and power to a low level under Main control. Enable the Under Excitation limiter on the A30-CON card ('Modules' button). 10.18 Check Power Factor Control (If Applicable) 1) Initially disable the PF/VAr/VAr shed software ('Modules' button) Confirm s/w is disabled on the HMI. Check in the Main Display that the Panel/HMI switch (local/remote) indicates Panel, and that the Mode Selection Method indicates Switches. 2) Run the set in parallel with the grid on Main control at 10% VArs lagging, 10% power. Select PF Control and check that LED 5 on the A30-CON card is on. 3) Use the Panel Switches to set the PF Ref to unity using the HMI to observe the PF Ref and the status of the panel switches. 4) Enable the PF/VAr/VAr shed software ('Modules' button) and check that the VArs are reduced to zero and remain stable.
5) Adjust the PF Reference using the PF/VAr Raise/Lower panel switches to the required setting (the set point is shown on the HMI) and check that the PF is controlled to the required level and is stable over the full range of power. The rate at which the PF Reference is changed may be set in the Maintenance Presets. If it is necessary, the PF Gain and PF Slug may be used to optimise the response of the PF Controller. 6) If it is required to adjust the PF Reference via the HMI, the Panel/HMI switch should be set to HMI, and the PF Reference is then adjusted using the Operator Presets. In this case it is necessary to select whether the required PF Ref is Leading or Lagging using the 'Modes' button on the HMI. 10.19 Check VAr Control (If Applicable) 1) Initially disable the PF/VAr/VAr shed software ('Modules' button) Confirm s/w is disabled on the HMI. Check on the HMI that the Panel/HMI switch (local/remote) indicates Panel, and that the Mode Selection Method indicates Switches. Note: The Trend Data may be used to display VArs (in terms of the sensing signals provided to the AVR) and is a useful means of displaying the response of the VAr control and VAr shed facilities. 2) Run the set in parallel with the grid on Main AVR control at 10% VArs lagging. Check that VAr control is selected and that LED 8 on the A30-CON card is on. 3) Use the Panel Switches to set the VAr Ref to zero using the HMI to observe the VAr Ref and the status of the panel switches. 4) Enable the PF/VAr/VAr shed software ('Modules' button) and check that the VArs are reduced to zero and remain stable. 5) Adjust the VAr Reference to the required setting using the PF/VAr Raise/Lower panel switches (the set point is shown on the HMI) and check that VArs are controlled to the required level and are stable over the required range of power. The rate at which the VAr Reference is changed may be set in the Maintenance Presets. If it is necessary, the PF Gain and PF Slug may be used to optimise the response of the VAr Controller. 6) If it is required to adjust the VAr Reference via the HMI, the Panel/HMI switch should be set to HMI, and the VAr Reference is then adjusted using the Operator Presets. In this case it is necessary to select whether the required VAr Ref is Leading or Lagging using the 'Modes' button on the HMI. 10.20 Check The VAr Shed (If Applicable) 1) Parallel the set to the grid and then load the set with 10% of the generator MW. Raise Main excitation to increase the lagging VArs to 10% of the generator capacity. 2) Initiate `VAr Shed'. Check that LED 7 of the A30-CON is turned on. Check that the VArs are reduced to zero and are controlled independently of the set MW. 10.21 Check Parallel Operation In Standby Line Voltage Control If Standby is to be operated in Field Voltage control mode (see QC.48) this procedure may be omitted. 1) Slowly reduce the VAr and MW load on the generator. Open the grid breaker. Open the excitation isolator switch. Check that FSC is tripped (field suppressed). Select the Standby card to line volts control by fitting the links specified in the QC.48 document. 2) Close the excitation isolator and reset FSC. Adjust the line voltage to nominal voltage in Standby. Prepare to synchronise the generator with the grid system, i.e. minimum slip, voltage difference and phase difference. 3) Synchronise to the grid and check that the line current remains at a low constant value. In the event of it being high or increasing, immediately open the breaker.
4) Check that the VArs can be easily adjusted by changing the voltage setting point of the Standby regulator. Slowly load the generator to 10% of the generator MW capacity. 5) Check that the null balance meter is positioned at the centre. Transfer from `Standby' to `Main'. 6) Slowly reduce the VArs and the MWs on the generator. Open the grid breaker. 10.22 Static Interrogation If the PMG supply is not available because the machine is not running, it is possible to use an alternative ac supply to power the electronics. This will allow interrogation of the AVR by using the PC and HMI software. Follow the procedure below: 1) Ensure that the Main Channel Supply switch (SW1) on the fixed front panel is in the off position. 2) Temporarily remove and insulate the wires in terminals 29 and 30 of Plug 6 at the rear of the unit. (These are the wires which route the PMG supply to the Utility, Control and Monitor cards). 3) Set the links LK1 to LK6 on the Auxiliaries Board to suit the available supply as shown below. (Supply can be 50 or 60Hz) Table 2: Auxiliaries Board Link Settings Auxiliaries Board Voltage Links Selected 1, 3, 6 1, 5, 6 2, 3, 4 4) 5) 6) 7) Nominal Voltage Rating 66-480Hz 220 - 330V 165 - 220V 110 - 165V Nominal Voltage Rating at 50/60Hz 250 10% 187.5 10% 125 10%
Connect the supply into the now empty terminals 29 and 30 of Plug 6. Turn on the new supply. Turn SW1 on. The LEDs 1 to 4 on the Utilities card should be illuminated. The PC can now be used in the normal way on the A30-CON and A30-MON cards.
After working with the A30 using an alternative power supply ensure that the wiring is restored and links re-set.
USING THE WINDOWS HMI COMMISSIONING SOFTWARE The A30-CON and A30-MON cards are setup using a PC connected using the supplied serial commissioning cable. The commissioning software, (referred to as the Human Machine Interface or HMI application), is supplied on a CD.
Figure 19: HMI Typical Screen Layout 11.1 Setup Of the A30 Using An Alternative Power Supply Please refer to Section 10.22 Static Interrogation, Page 64. 11.2 PC Software Installation The software runs under Windows (NT4.0 or 95/98), and should install automatically when the CD is inserted. If Autorun is disabled on your PC the setup.exe application can be run directly from the CD. Using the supplied COMCAB serial commissioning cable, connect the PC COM1 serial port to the COM2 serial port of the card requiring setup. 11.3 Running the HMI Application On the Windows desktop, double click on the AVR HMInt icon to run the software.
Figure 20: HMI Desktop Icon
On startup, the HMI will request the name and location of the event log file (see Figure 21). To accept the default, click on open. The A30-MON and A30-CON cards have separate log files. The HMI will remember the last card in use, and will ask for this log file on startup.
Figure 21: Logfile Dialog Box The HMI application can be used to work with various Brush PRISMIC Excitation Controller circuits including the A30-MON and A30-CON cards. The menu File / Configuration selects which circuit the HMI software is required to work with. The COMCAB serial cable must be used to connect the COM1 port on the PC to the correct excitation controller circuit as required.
Figure 22: Selecting The Required Circuit The HMI software indicates healthy communication with the unit to be setup by showing a rotating / symbol in the bottom right corner of the display. If this symbol is stationary, there is no communication and the HMI cannot be used to display relevant data. 11.4 Exiting the HMI Application Close the HMI application in the normal manner for any Windows application, i.e. select Exit from the File menu, press [Alt][F4] etc. 11.5 HMI Functions When the HMI software is running, a screen should be displayed showing a diagram of the generator and AVR system with some active values displayed. A number of other child windows or Displays may also be viewed. The layout of the displays may be altered to suit the task in hand. Display and window settings are retained when the software is shut down. The different functions of the HMI software are invoked using the standard Windows menus at the top of the HMI window, and the row of buttons across the bottom. Actions invoked by the buttons require User confirmation by clicking Yes in a dialog box.
Figure 23: Confirmation Dialog Box The HMI can be used to adjust and display excitation controller settings. After commissioning the HMI will normally be disconnected unless required for testing or diagnostic purposes. 11.6 A30-CON Card HMI Displays Available HMI displays are accessed using the top menu bar. Multiple displays can be shown at the same time. The displays can be re-sized and re-positioned if necessary. To move a display, highlight the window. Left-click on the blue title, keeping the button down, and drag the window to its desired location. Table 3: HMI Displays Available Menu Title Logging Trending Description Event Logger Shows latest events together with time of occurrence Trending Data, allows selection of pages, Line voltage (2 ranges), field current (2 ranges), line current and VAr. This may be used to view performance over the last few minutes but due to sampling rate is unsuitable for accurately recording transient response. (see below) View ranges of holding bits / registers and their contents. View Maintenance Presets view the adjustable parameters that are setup during commissioning of the AVR View Operator Presets Description Activate/Deactivate Modes allows a particular mode of operation to be turned on or off provided mode selection via the HMI has been selected. Enable/Disable Modules allows software modules to be enabled or disabled Activate/Deactivate Tests this menu is used to initiate tests such as step response on voltage reference. The maximum and minimum voltages stored in the diagnostics displays can be reset from the menu. Reset the extreme values recorded to date Self explanatory
Displays Maintenance Presets Button Modes Modules Tests
Clear Recorded Extremes Abort all Tests
The Displays menu contains 7 or more data tables: Displays 1 3 typically show measured parameters, limiter and monitor operation, set point values, selected mode of control etc. Displays 4 - 7 typically show diagnostic information, the status of the various control functions, switch settings. Stabilising settings and response measurements etc.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 11.7 Logfile The Event Log file records actions performed by the A30, together with a time and date stamp. Log files are not overwritten they are continued when the HMI program is next run. Whenever the program is switched to controlling a different card, the log file for that card must be specified. 11.8 Saving Presets And Registers The contents of all holding registers can be saved as a text file, to disk. The menu item Logging / Save registers to file performs this. The text file can be printed out, or emailed as necessary. An option to save the preset registers only, is also available under the same menu. 11.9 Passwords To prevent accidental or unauthorised alteration of the AVR settings, two passwords are provided as follows: Operator Password: 123456 Maintenance Password: 441509611511 When adjusting presets, the passwords time out after 1 minute, and must be re-entered to make further changes. These passwords are not changeable and are intended to provide only a medium level of security. To provide a higher level of security, access to this Instruction Manual and the HMI should be controlled. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 68 of 126
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 11.10 Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 69 of 126
Using The A30-CON HMI Displays The following describes a typical configuration of the local HMI. In some instances the actual HMI provided will vary slightly from the description given. 11.10.1 A30-CON Card Displays 1 To 3 Table 4: A30-CON Display 1 - Sensing Group Title Display 1: Sensing Run time Description of Content Actual sensing values supplied to the card. PF, Watts, VA, VAr are single phase and based on the relationship between V(L1 L3) and I(L2) Display of Hours, min, sec that the card has run. (Can be reset to zero by turning DILSW1-6 on the A30-CON & A30-M-CON card off briefly. Do not leave the switch off. It is advised that unless there is a particular reason, it may be more useful not to reset the run time. Table 5: A30-CON Display 2 - Advisory States Group Title Display 2: Advisory States HMI Commands This group shows the status of commands given to the control card from the HMI through the Modes button. Description of Content Mainly self explanatory. An Active state means that the device is operating. An Enabled or Disabled state indicates whether the s/w for this facility is turned on. Status of request to select mode via HMI, only PF Control applicable if mode selection method is HMI Active VAr Control Active VAr Shed Active Self Centre Active PF Leading Indicates whether leading pf reference in HMI is Selected selected Reset Monitors Indicates whether reset monitors signal is being Selected given by HMI When set to switches mode is selected by panel Mode Selection Method switches, when set to HMI, mode is selected by HMI
Table 6: A30-CON Display 3 - Settings In Use Group Title Display 3: Settings in Use HMI Settings Description of Content Indicates the applicable reference settings. Indicates the reference settings that have been set on the local or remote HMI. These values can be can be changed via the HMI provided the panel local/HMI switch is set to HMI. When a reference setting has been entered via the HMI or remote comms, it will be shown in the HMI settings box. Provided HMI control is selected, indicated by the state of the Panel/HMI switch, the setting in use is changed to the level demanded by the HMI at the rate of change that has been preset in the maintenance presets. These are functional provided the mode selection PF Control method is set to panel switches VAr Control VAr shed Self Centre Volts Raise These are functional provided the panel local/HMI Volts Lower switch is set to panel PF Raise PF Lower Main/Standby Panel/HMI 11.10.2 A30-CON Card Diagnostic Displays 4 To 7 Table 7: A30-CON Display 4 - Response Recorder Group Title Display 4: Response Recorder Description of Content Indicates stabilising settings, and status of step response tester Recorded Vmax Recorded Vmin Rise/Fall O/shoot U/shoot PMG & Firing Reset PMG Freq Early Fire lim Late Fire lim Mark Mark Angle Instantaneous max and minimum sensing voltage. Levels reset on startup, step response testing or via Clear Recorded Extremes button Time taken to reach 90% of step Vmax Vref volts Vref Vmin volts NB: (Vref does not include the step) Indicates status of recorder reset command Measured PMG frequency Earliest allowed firing count Latest allowed firing count Average firing count when transients are complete. Higher number gives later firing and less excitation current. Actual firing angle is Mark +/- Angle. Indicates variation in firing angle, when transient complete, should not normally vary by more than +/- 10% of Late Fire Lim when stabilising set up correctly.
Panel Switches Indicates the status of switches, which may be mounted on the control panel.
Table 8: A30-CON Display 5 - OE Limiter Group Title Display 5: OE Limiter Description of Content Status of software modules, enabled or disabled via Module display accessed via the modules button. X4 module T Comp module OEL Test Status of oel test function activated via display accessed via tests button. 0 C limit OEL Setting at 0 C T Ambient Measured ambient temperature Actual Limit Applicable OE Limiter setting Field Amps Measured field amps Timer Percent of timer, when above limit starts to increase Output Active when limiting X8 module Status of x8 sensitivity feature Limit point Applicable Fast OE Limiter setting Field Amps Measured field amps Output Active when limiting Module Status of software module, enabled or disabled via display accessed via modules button. Limit Voltage Flux limit level at present frequency Voltage Sensing Voltage Sensing Output Active when limiting Table 9: A30-CON Display 6 - UE Lim Group Title Display 6: UE Lim Description of Content Module Status of software module, enabled or disabled via display accessed via modules button. Limit @ 0 MW Leading VAr limit at 0 MW VArs Measured leading VArs, (only applicable @ leading PF) PF PF lead or lag Output Active when limiting SW1 On for Brushless Exciter Off for Static Exciter SW2 On for Brushless Exciter Off for Static Exciter manual regulator SW3 Spare/normally On SW4 On = normal, Off for bench testing only SW5 Spare/normally On SW6 clock Normally on to run clock, off to reset clock SW7 presets Normally On to use maintenance presets, off to load defaults. SW8 loc/rem On to always use panel switches, Off to activate panel local/HMI switch. Use this if it is required to definitely disable HMI controls. Indicates whether checksum error has been ModeErr detected in data stored in E2PROM. Should be PresetErr normal when healthy. This may be cleared by OpAdjErr loading defaults via SW7. Location Shows memory location of detected error
Fast OEL
Volts/Hz Lim
Mezzdilsw1 ON = UP OFF = DOWN
CRC Errors
Table 10: A30-CON Display 7 - Start/Stop Group Title Display 7: Start/Stop Description of Content Soft Start s/w Field Suppressed Line Freq < 80% PMGFrq<80% PMGFrq>85% AVR Soft Start Reset 1 On Reset 2 On VT Failure Protection 1 Output VT Failure Protection 2 Output VT Failure Protection 3 Output E2PromDump Follower module A30_Control/Standby V Sensing V Control Status of software module, enabled or disabled via display accessed via modules button. Status of field suppression contactor Status of internal 80% line frequency detector Status of internal 80% PMG frequency detector Status of internal 85% PMG frequency detector Present status of soft start flag Present status of Reset 1 sent to monitor card Present status of Reset 2 sent to monitor card Indicates when active Indicates when active Indicates when active Indicates status of flag which allows data to be saved in E2Prom on shutdown Status of software module, enabled or disabled, accessed via modules button. Indicates selection main or standby Voltage Sensing Actual target voltage used in AVR. This is based on the reference voltage but modified according to control requirements such as QCC Reference voltage setting of AVR, adjusted when AVR is following standby but is restricted to value within max/min limits set up in maintenance presets Indicates whether AVR is matched to standby, only relevant when standby selected. Status of software module, enabled or disabled, accessed via modules button.
Standby Follower
V Ref
Software Module
Matched to Standby? QCC RevQCC PF/VArCon EventLogger VT Failure Protection
A30-CON Card Event Logging Display "Logging Menu") Indicates the time when a change in the status of selected events occurs. Logged events are typically: BuildUpEnabled FieldSuppressed StandbyControlSelected OELimiterActive FastOELimiterActive UELimiterActive FluxLimiterActive RemoteAdjustOnPanelSelected UEMonHealthy OEMonHealthy UVMonHealthy OVMonHealthy DiodeFailureDetected MonSupervisoryHealthy AllowDumpToE2PROM E2PROMModesCRCError E2PROMOldPresetCRCError E2PROMPresetsCRCError VT Failure Protection 1 Active VT Failure Protection 2 Active VT Failure Protection 3 Active
11.10.4
Trend Data Display (Trending Menu) The trend display is used to show the value of the selected variable over a particular time span. The speed of communication is such that the trend display is unsuitable for accurately displaying generator response, but can be useful for displaying long term changes.
11.10.5
Maintenance Presets Display (Presets Menu) Maintenance presets are used to set up an AVR for a particular contract. An AVR which has not had its maintenance presets adjusted will contain values, which must be changed to suit the machine before turning on excitation. When the maintenance presets are changed, they are loaded into non-volatile memory and are preserved when the AVR is turned off. Presets / Maintenance Preset/Maintenance Presets allows the maintenance presets to be viewed. Double clicking on a value in the table allows the maintenance presets to be changed. The following table gives an example of the available maintenance presets. An actual application may differ slightly.
Table 11: A30 Control Card Maintenance Presets Information

H Reg Preset Name 40030 40031 40032 40033 40034 40035 40036 40037 40038 40039 40040 40041 40042 40043 40044 40045 40046 40047 40048 40049 40050 40051 40052 40053 40054 40055 40056 40057 40058 40059 40060 40061 40062 40063 40064 40065 40066 VT Nominal VRef Minimum Limit VRef Maximum Limit Nominal CT Current (1A or 5A) CT Rated Current Prop Gain Integral Gain Diff Gain Spare Nominal Frequency PMG Frequency VRef Test Step Size Overflux Volts Ref PU PF Gain PF Slug QCC Percent Reverse QCC Percent OELimit at 0C Smooth Transfer Delay Fast OE Limit Ref OE Limit Delay Ext. Reactance Leading ISinPhi Limit UEL Integral Gain UEL Prop Gain UEL Diff Gain Auxiliary Input + or -% Range No Load Excitation Soft Start Increment OEL Ambient Temp Compensation Standby Follower Rate VRef Adjust Rate PFRef Adjust Rate VArRef Adjust Rate Fail to Follow Alarm Time Delay Smooth Changeover P Gain Smooth Changeover D Gain 50 50 0 1.0 1 0 0 0 2 1 2.5 50 0 0.1 20 1 0 0 0 5 0.2 200 200 1 50 2 1 1 60 500 10 1.2 40 10 15 15 25 5 30 5000 0.2 5 100 100 100 10 10 25 1 4000 4000 20 500 20 10 10 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 1 0.01 2 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 % A V/s %/degC ms/V ms/V s per 0.1 pf ms per % sec % % A sec A %-sec pu A Hz Hz % PU Nominal line frequency Permanent Magnet Generator frequency at 100 % speed Amplitude of step up or step down on step response test on reference Ratio of nominal volts/nominal frequency at which overflux limiter operates Gain setting of PF, VAr , or VAr shed control system Damping adjustment of PF, VAr , or VAr shed control system Percentage voltage droop at rated current zero pf lagging Percentage voltage rise at rated current zero pf lagging Time delayed OverExcitation Limiter setting at zero degrees Centigrade Internal delay on transfer from standby back to main (normal setting 1 sec) Fast Acting Over Excitation limiter setting Time Delay setting of delayed over excitation limiter System Ext reactance for UE Limiter Characteristic (on gen pu base) Leading current at zero power, 100% volts at which UELimiter operates UELimiter stabilising integral gain (high values give slower response) UELimiter stabilising proportional gain UELimiter stabilising differential gain Percentage change in voltage reference Exciter Field Current at full speed no load (Cold) Rate of rise of line voltage during voltage buildup on soft start Percent reduction in Delayed OELimiter setting per deg C temperature rise Rate at which the main AVR control point follows standby control point Rate at which VRef is changed by switch or HMI adjustment Rate at which PFRef is changed by switch or HMI adjustment Rate at which VArRef is changed by switch or HMI adjustment Delay before Main Fail to Follow Standby Alarm is given Proportional gain of smooth transfer circuit on standby to main Differential gain of smooth transfer circuit on standby to main Min 100 75 100 1 0.5 5 10 1 Max 120 100 125 5 5.5 200 1000 800 Incr 5 5 5 N/a 2 0 0 0 Units V % % A A Description Sensing transformer voltage at 100% machine volts Minimum voltage reference limit Maximum voltage reference limit Nominal CT Current Current out of CT at rated machine output Main AVR stabilising proportional gain Main AVR stabilising integral gain (high values give slower response) Main AVR stabilising differential gain
A30-CON Operator Presets (Presets Menu) Operator Presets are preset values that the operator may adjust during normal operation. To view the presets, select Presets/ Operator Presets/ Operator Presets Page1. Double clicking a value in the table allows the preset to be changed using the local or remote HMI, provided that the panel local /HMI switch (connected to terminal 106) has been set to HMI and Mezzdilswitch SW1-8 is set to panel select. If the panel switch is set to local, operator presets may only be adjusted using panel raise/lower switches although the displays will indicate the latest value of the preset. Note that operator presets contains leading and lagging references for PF, and when the HMI is used to adjust the reference setting of the PF controller, the leading/lagging direction must be set via the activate/deactivate modes menu accessed via the modes button.
11.10.7
A30-CON Activate/Deactivate Modes Menu (Modes Button) Selection of the control mode may be made by hard-wired signals connected to the AVR, or by signals provided by the local or remote HMI. Mode selection via HMI is only possible when the Activate PF/VAr/VAr shed Via HMI has been activated via the modules menu.. Unless this is active, mode selection is via hard-wired signals. The HMI can be used to activate/deactivate modes provided. The status of the HMI commands to select modes can be viewed in the main displays. Table 12: A30-CON Activate/Deactivate Modes PF Control Mode VAr Control Mode VAr Shed Mode Select HMI PFRef Leading Reset Monitors when HMI selected Self Centre Mode Activate PF/VAr/VAr shed Mode Selection Via HMI Activate/deactivate PF Control via HMI Activate/deactivate VAr Control via HMI Activate/deactivate VAr shed via HMI This allows the PF control reference when adjusted by the HMI to be selected leading or lagging Allows monitors to be reset via local or remote HMI. Automatically reset internally after 1 sec. Activate/deactivate Self Centre via HMI When active, mode selection is via HMI, when inactive, mode selection is via hard-wired signals.
A30-CON Enable/Disable Modules (Modules button) Use of this menu allows different software modules to be disabled if not required by the application or during testing. Table 13: A30-CON Enable/Disable Modules Module QCC Reverse QCC Soft Start Over Flux Limiter OE Limiter UE Limiter OEL Temp Compensation PF and VAr Control Remote Event Logger OEL x4 Sensitivity Fast OEL x8 Sensitivity Standby Follower Analog Adjust VT Fail Protection Normal Status Enabled Disabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Disabled Enabled Disabled Disabled Enabled Disabled Enabled
11.10.9
A30-CON Activate/Deactivate Tests ('Tests Button') Table 14: A30-CON Activate/Deactivate Tests OE Limiter Test Indication Mode Vref Step Up Vref Step Down Activate to turn on OE Limiter test mode. Activate to apply step increase to Voltage reference. Activate to apply step reduction to Voltage reference.
11.11
A30-MON Card - HMI Displays Available Table 15: A30-MON Card - HMI Displays Available Menu Title Logging Trending Displays Maintenance Presets / Maintenance preset Modes Modules Tests Description Event Logger. Shows latest events together with time of occurrence, and provides an option to save registers and logs. Trending Data, allows selection of up to 6 pages, Line voltage (3 over last few minutes but due to sampling rate is unsuitable for accurately recording transient response. (see below) View ranges of holding registers Write settings to NVRAM memory. View Maintenance Presets view the adjustable parameters that set up during commissioning. To adjust, double click the value in the table. Click on transmit to save your settings. Enable/Disable Monitors allows all monitors to be reset via the HMI, and allows the output of any monitor to be deactivated. Enable/Disable Modules allows software modules of monitors and event logger to be disabled. Activate/Deactivate Tests this menu can be used in conjunction with the Enable/Disable Monitors facility to test monitor the monitor time delay settings.
The Displays menu contains 7 data tables: Displays 1 3 give details of measured parameters, monitor status, operating levels, etc. Displays 4 7 show measured parameters, status of software modules, status of monitor outputs, switch settings, test facility, etc.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 11.12 Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 77 of 126
Using The A30-MON HMI Displays The following describes a typical configuration of the HMI. In some instances the actual HMI provided will vary slightly from the description given. 11.12.1 A30-MON Main Displays (Displays 1 To 3) Table 16: A30-MON Display 1 - Sensing Group Title Display 1: Sensing Run time Advisory States Description of Content Actual sensing values supplied to the card. PF, Watts, VA, VAr are single phase and based on the relationship between V(L1 L3) and I(L2) Display of Hours, min, sec that the card has run. (Can be reset to zero by turning DILSW1-6 on the A30-MON off) This switch should be left ON. Mainly self explanatory. An Active state means that the device is operating. An Enabled state means that the facility is Enabled and will function if required. Table 17: A-30 MON Display 2 UV, OV & Flux Monitor Group Title Display 2: UV Monitor OV Monitor Flux Monitor Description of Content Module Status of software modules, enabled or disabled using the modules button Output Status of monitor output, enabled or disabled using the monitor Trip Point Value of monitor trip point Line Volts Measured line voltage Timer Percent of timer, when above trip point starts to increase Output Trip/ No Trip Module Status of software modules, enabled or disabled using the modules button Output Status of monitor output, enabled or disabled via the monitors button Zero Value of monitor trip VArs at zero MW Power Trip Point Present Measured VArs (only valid when leading PF) VArs PF Present PF sense lead/lag? Timer Percent of timer, when above trip point starts to increase Output Trip/ No Trip
UE Monitor
Table 18: A30-MON Display 3 - OE Monitor Group Title Display 3: OE Monitor Description of Content Module Status of software modules, enabled or disabled using the modules button Output Status of monitor output enable, enabled or disabled via the monitors button X4 Status of increased sensitivity software module T Comp Status of temperature compensation module Amb Measured Ambient Temperature C Temp 0 C Trip Nominal trip point of Monitor Point Field Measured field current Amps Actual Temperature compensated trip point Trip Point Timer Percent of timer, when above trip point starts to increase Output Trip/No Trip
11.12.2
A30-MON Diagnostics Display (Displays 4 To 7) Table 19: A30-MON Display 4 - Analogue Values Group Title Display 4: Analogue Values Group Title Display 5: Mon module Mon O/P Test Description of Content Self explanatory
Table 20: A30-MON Display 5 - Mon Module Description of Content Status of monitor and logger software modules Status of monitor output enable Status of monitor test facility used for testing monitor time delays
Table 21: A30-MON Display 6 - CRC Errors Group Title Display 6: CRC Errors Description of Content Indicates whether checksum error has been ModeErr detected in data stored in E2PROM. Should be PresetErr normal when healthy. This message is reset OpAdjErr when default presets are loaded. Location Shows memory location of detected error Status of spare opto isolated input signals Reset 1 On Present status of Reset1 from control card Reset 2 On Present status of Reset2 from control card Man PS Fault Status of ps monitor signal from standby card Self explanatory Status of monitor and logger software modules Status of monitor output enable Status of monitor test facility used for testing monitor time delays ModeErr Indicates whether checksum error has been PresetErr detected in data stored in E2PROM. Should be OpAdjErr normal when healthy. This message is reset when default presets are loaded. Location Shows memory location of detected error Status of spare opto isolated input signals Reset 1 On Present status of Reset1 from control card Reset 2 On Present status of Reset2 from control card Man PS Fault Status of ps monitor signal from standby card Cont Superv Indicates health of control card watchdog Field Supp. Indicates field suppressed/not suppressed InhMonSwOn Status of panel mon inhibit switch Card reset Off Status of monitor reset pushbutton Monitor output status UETripped OETripped UVTripped OVTripped OfluxTripped Dump To Indicates status of flag which allows data to be E2Prom saved in E2Prom on shutdown SW1 Spare/normally on SW2 Spare/normally on SW3 Spare/normally on SW4 On = normal, Off for bench testing only SW5 Spare/normally on SW6 clock Normally on to run clock, off to reset clock SW7 presets Normally On to use maintenance presets, off to load defaults. SW8 Spare/normally on
Opto Inputs Flags Analogue Values Mon module Mon O/P Test CRC Errors
Opto Inputs Flags
Mezzdilsw1 ON = UP OFF = DOWN
Display 7: A30-Mon - Flags, DIL Switches 11.12.3 A30-MON Event Logging Display ('Logging' Menu) Indicates the time when a change in the status of selected events occurs. 11.12.4 Trend Data Menu ('Trending') The trend display is used to show the value of the selected variable over a particular time span. The speed of communication is such that the trend display is unsuitable for accurately displaying generator response, but can be useful for displaying long term changes.
Maintenance Presets Display ('Presets Menu') Maintenance presets are used to set up an AVR for a particular contract. An AVR which has not had its maintenance presets adjusted will contain default values, which must be changed to suit the machine before turning on excitation. When the maintenance presets are changed, they are loaded into non-volatile memory and are preserved when the AVR is switched off. Presets / Maintenance Preset allows selection and viewing of the relevant maintenance preset page, Double clicking a value allows a maintenance preset to be changed. The following table gives an example of the available maintenance presets. An actual application may differ slightly.
Table 22: A30 Monitor Card Maintenance Presets Information

HReg Preset Name 40030 VT Nominal 40031 Nominal CT Current (1A or 5A) 40032 CT Rated Current 40033 Nominal Frequency 40034 Overflux Monitor Set Point 40035 OverVolts Monitor Set Point 40036 OverVolts Monitor Delay 40037 UnderVolts Monitor Set Point 40038 UnderVolts Monitor Delay 40039 OverExcitation Monitor Set point 40040 OverExcitation Monitor Delay 40041 OEM Ambient Temperature Compensation 40042 UnderExcitation Monitor IsinPhi Set Point 40043 UnderExcitation Monitor Delay 40044 UnderExcitation Monitor External Reactance 40045 Over Flux Monitor Delay Min 100 1 0.5 50 1.0 100 10 70 2 2.5 100 0.2 0.1 1 0 10 Max 120 5 5.5 60 1.25 140 100 120 25 35 5000 1 5.5 10 0.2 100 Inc 0 0 2 0 3 1 0 1 0 2 0 2 2 1 2 0 Units V A A Hz PU V %-s V %-s A %-s % / C A s PU %-s Under Excitation Monitor Set Point Over Excitation Monitor Set Point Under Voltage Monitor Set Point Description Sensing transformer voltage at 100% machine volts Nominal CT Current Current out of CT at rated machine output Nominal Line Frequency Over Flux Monitor Set Point (Per Unit VT Nominal) Over Voltage Monitor Set Point
11.12.6
Enable/Disable Monitors Menu ('Modes' Button) The HMI can be used to reset or enable monitors globally, or to enable/disable monitors individually. The individual monitor disable option can be used in conjunction with the test facility accessed via the tests button. Status of monitor enable/disable can be viewed in the Main or Diagnostics displays. Table 23: A30-MON Enable/Disable Monitors Enable/Reset All Monitors Over Volts Over Flux Under Volts Over Excitation Under Excitation Allows monitor reset via HMI Allows monitors to be disabled prior to using test facility
Enable/Disable Modules Menu ('Modules' Button) Use of this menu allows different software modules to be disabled if not required by the application or during testing. Status of s/w modules can be viewed in the Main or Diagnostics displays. Table 24: A30-MON Enable/Disable Modules Module Over Volts Monitor Under Volts Monitor Over Flux Monitor OE Monitor UE Monitor OE Monitor Temp Comp OE Monitor x4 Sensitivity Remote Event Logger Normal Status Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Enabled Disabled Enabled
11.12.8
Activate/Deactivate Tests Menu ('Tests' Button) Use of this menu simplifies testing of individual monitor time delays by first disabling the monitor using the menu accessed via the monitors button. The monitored parameter is then set to a known level whilst running in standby. When the tester is activated, the monitor output is turned on for 0.5 sec, then the timing period commences. The time delay can be calculated from the event log display contents. The tester is deactivated automatically after 0.5 sec, at which point the monitor is automatically enabled. Table 25: A30-MON Activate/Deactivate Tests Menu Over Volts Monitor Tester Under Volts Monitor Tester Over Excitation Monitor Tester Under Excitation Monitor Tester Over Flux Monitor Tester Enable when using tester Enable when using tester Enable when using tester Enable when using tester Enable when using tester
USING THE SCADA COMMUNICATIONS PORT The COM1 port on the front of the A30-CON card may be used to connect an external computer system such as a SCADA system to the A30 for monitoring of generator data and adjustment of set-point. An alternative 25 way D connector is available in the rear of the A30-RACK. Links must be set on the A30-CON card to select whether the front or the rear SCADA comms connector is to be used. The SCADA communications cannot be used for commissioning, and operates independently of the commissioning HMI. 12.1 Protocol Data Data rate etc: Protocol: Slave Number: Supported Modbus Function Codes: 12.2 Physical Connections Front Connector: COM1 - 9 way male D type connector on front of control card provides isolated RS232C requiring the following connections: Pin 2 receive data Pin 3 transmit data Pin 5 0V No handshaking is required. 25 way female D type connector on rear panel of the controller provides isolated R S232C requiring the following connections: Pin 3 receive data Pin 2 transmit data Pin 7 0V No handshaking is required. 9600baud, no parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit Modbus RTU, A30 acting as slave, SCADA system acting as master. 1 Function Code 3 Read Holding Registers Function Code 6 Write Holding Registers
Rear Connector:
12.3
Data Available See 19 Appendix C - Holding Registers For SCADA, Page 122
TRANSDUCER CALIBRATION PROCEDURE Note: The A30-CON and A30-MON card transducers are calibrated at the factory prior to despatch and will not normally require adjustment. Any slight discrepancy between the values indicated on the HMI and panel instruments is more likely to be due to panel meter error rather than AVR error. Where a replacement card is fitted to an existing installation, it may be necessary to check calibration of the card in the mainframe, and in this case, measurements should be made using calibrated instruments with accuracy better than 1%. 13.1 Line Voltage Calibration On The A30-CON Card 1) Open mainframe switch SW1. 2) Insert the A30-CON card into the extender card and plug them into the correct mainframe position. 3) Close SW1. 4) Plug the Comms link into the connector marked `COM 2' on the A30-CON front panel. 5) With the machine running at rated speed, select `Standby' control and adjust the line voltage to nominal. 6) Use the HMI to indicate sensing voltage and note the reading. Check that the indicated value ie equal to the average value of the three mean line to line voltages applied to the terminals 139, 140 and 141 when measured with a high accuracy (better than 1%) mean (average) responding voltmeter. If necessary, adjust RV5 on the control card if calibration is required. If the AVR is set to measure single-phase line voltage, the value displayed on the HMI should correspond to the average line voltage supplied to terminals 140 & 141. 13.2 Field Current Calibration On The A30-CON Card Use the HMI to display exciter field current and check that the value indicated on the display is equal to that indicated on the panel field ammeter. If necessary, the transducer can be calibrated against an ammeter with accuracy better than 1% by adjusting RV3 on the control card. 13.3 Line Current Calibration On The A30-CON Card Load the machine in standby control to give approximately 80% rated line current (MW or MVAr). Use the HMI to display line current and check that the value indicated on the display is equal to that indicated on the panel line ammeter. If necessary, the transducer can be calibrated against an ammeter with accuracy better than 1% by adjusting RV4 on the control card. 13.4 Temperature Transducer Calibration on the A30-CON Card 1) In the first instance, check that the temperature displayed on the HMI corresponds to the ambient temperature of the RTD. Check that the temperature compensation is specified on the QC.48 document and that an RTD measuring `generator inlet air temperature' is connected to the AVR. Use the HMI to display temperature and confirm that the indicated value corresponds to the generator inlet air temperature in the location of the RTD.
2) The temperature transducer can be calibrated using 100 and 115 resistors (accuracy 1%) as described below: a) Trip FSC, and open SW1 in the mainframe. Connect the 100 resistor across terminals 116 and 117. Link terminals 116 and 118. Fit the A30-CON card into the extender and insert in the mainframe. Close SW1 in the mainframe. Use the HMI to check that temperature compensation software is enabled. If it is turned off, confirm that temperature compensation is required and if so, turn the software on. Set the HMI to indicate temperature and adjust RV1 on the control card so that the dc voltage between C2/4 and C2/11 is zero. Adjust the dc voltage at TP7 wrt TP1 to 1.0V using RV6. Adjust the temperature display on the HMI to 0C using RV2. b) Open SW1 in the mainframe. Replace the 100 test resistor by the 115 resistor. Close SW1 and check that the HMI now indicates 40C 2C and TP7 wrt TP1 is 5V. c) If the temperature reading is not correct adjust RV6 for range and RV2 for level. 13.5 Line Voltage Calibration on the A30-MON Card The procedure is the same as Section 13.1, except that this is carried out on the A30-MON card. 13.6 Field Current Calibration on the A30-MON Card The procedure is the same as Section 13.2, except that this is carried out on the A30-MON card. 13.7 Line Current Calibration on the A30-MON Card The procedure is the same as Section 13.3, except that this is carried out on the A30-MON card. 13.8 Temperature Transducer Calibration on the A30-MON Card The procedure is the same as Section 13.4, except measurements and adjustments of RV6 and RV5 are made on the A30-MON card.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 14 STEP RESPONSE TESTING 14.1 Step Response Step response testing involves the sudden application of a step increase or reduction to the regulator set point. This causes a disturbance in the output of the regulator that is reflected to the output of the machine. The resulting transient provides information about the damping of the regulator and is helpful when optimising the settings of the stability controls. Step response testing is carried out in the following circumstances: when the machine is running on open circuit when setting up the stabilising, in this case a step up of 5% is recommended. When the machine is running in parallel with the supply and it is required to test the response of the under excitation limiter. In this case a step down of 2% maximum is recommended. when the machine is running in parallel with the supply and it is required to test the response of a power system stabiliser. In this case a step down of 2% maximum is recommended. When line current greater than 0.1 per unit is present the maximum step is limited to 2% The reference automatically returns to normal 20 sec after the step is applied. 14.2 Step Response on Open Circuit Before starting any step response tests, first confirm that no equipment connected to the generator is likely to be adversely affected by the tests. Initially confirm that the test step size is set to the required level in the maintenance presets on the HMI. A step of 5% is recommended. It is recommended that the line voltage is initially set 10% below nominal until the stabilising controls have been adjusted so as to reduce voltage overshoot during the response test. The machine voltage may be increased to nominal when the settings are close to optimum. The HMI displays the overshoot, undershoot and recovery time. Each time a step response test is enabled, the previous values are destroyed. The shape of the voltage transient may be viewed in the trending display although this is unsuitable for taking accurate readings. It is recommended that the step be allowed to time out for 20 sec, before returning to nominal voltage. 14.3 Stabilising Adjustment. The step response of the system may be optimised by adjusting the proportional (P), integral (I) and differential gain (D) by accessing the maintenance presets menu. The Integral Gain, when set correctly, has very little effect on the transient response and should be set initially to 100. In general increasing the Proportional Gain will give faster rise time but too much will give a response which is difficult to damp out and probably a large overshoot. Damping can be improved and overshoot reduced by increasing the Differential Gain however, too much will give poor rise time and may cause fluctuations in the exciter field voltage. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 85 of 126
The HMI shows the value Mark Angle and this is an indication of the variation of the thyristor firing angle. Under steady state conditions Mark should be almost constant, and Mark Angle will display the variation in the firing angle which should not normally exceed 10% of the late firing limit. If this does occur it is recommended that the Differential Gain is reduced. Integral Gain (I) will cause instability if too low typically less than 30. Instability depends on (P), but if (P) is less than 60 then (I) will need to be higher, typically 500 for P = 35 on turbo generators. Too high a value will give poor regulation and long rise time. The following table of stabilising settings is a general guide: Table 26: Stabilising Settings Typical Ranges P I D 20 100 100 200 20 100 Typical Salient Pole 50 100 40 Typical Turbo Generator 50 100 40
The contract settings in the QC.48 document provide a good starting point. If after a 5% step the overshoot is too high, increase the Differential Gain to reduce the overshoot. If the Differential Gain is unusually large it may be better to reduce Proportional Gain to reduce the overshoot. The effect of this will be to reduce the rise time. If the line voltage is oscillatory the Integral Gain may be too low (do not reduce below 100) Use the 5% step to optimise the overshoot to about 15% -30% of the 5% step size. The under shoot should be much less than the overshoot, typically 0% to 6% of the step size. In the majority of applications, an adequate response with minimal overshoot can quite easily be achieved using step response testing on open circuit and the facilities on the HMI. If the application requires the best possible response this will necessitate recording equipment and possibly load application and rejection testing. 14.4 UEL Stabilising Adjustable Proportional, Integral, and Differential gains controls have been added to the under excitation limiter. It is recommended that they are set initially to I = 50, P = 20, D = 20. When setting up the UEL response, steady state stability should initially have been proved by running at zero power and slowly reducing the set point of the AVR until the under excitation limiter turns on. The response of the Under Excitation limiter may be tested by running the machine lightly loaded when in parallel and initiating a step down in AVR set point. The excitation will reduce and the machine will generate leading VArs. Check that the Under Excitation limiter turns on immediately with no appreciable overshoot in the leading VArs. It may be necessary to optimise the response by making adjustments to the UEL stabilising controls.
OPERATING PROCEDURES AND MAINTENANCE 15.1 Operating Procedures It is important to study operating procedures for the generator and turbine/engine system which are beyond the scope of this manual. The following instructions should be followed to ensure correct operation of the AVR. 15.1.1 Application And Removal Of Excitation It is important that the 'Excite' input should be energised only after the AVR Main Electronics Supply has been applied. The typical A30 Excitation System Circuit Diagram (See Appendix E - Drawings) shows an external Excitation Isolator Switch SW1 and the Field Suppression Contactor FSC (driven by the Excite input) within the AVR. The excitation isolator should be provided for maintenance purposes and should be left closed except during maintenance and commissioning. The majority of applications for this AVR are designed to be fully automatic. In this case the Excite input should be energised using a speed detector switch, external to the AVR, which should be set to switch at 80% rated speed. On shut down the speed switch should remove the 'Excite' signal on speed reduction, and a 'Suppress' signal should be given before the AVR power supply is removed. When it is a requirement for an operator to manually apply and remove excitation, a switch to apply and remove the 'Excite' input (closing and tripping the field suppression contactor FSC) should be fitted to the control panel. The PMG isolator should not be used to apply excitation, as its closure when the field contactor is already closed does not allow an adequate initialisation period for the AVR and may occasionally cause a malfunction. 15.1.2 Parallel Running / Single Running Power factor or VAr Control is provided for generator operation in parallel with a power system. These functions should be selected only when the paralleling circuit breaker is closed. Power Factor or VAr control should not be selected on a single running generator.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 15.2 Maintenance The A30 Excitation Controller is completely solid state, apart from relays, contactors and switches, and requires very little maintenance. It is recommended that the AVR is inspected approximately every 12 months to check for excessive dust build-up, and that all relays, fuses and connections are secure. Excessive quantities of dust should be removed with a soft brush. In common with generator protection systems, it is good practice to annually check the calibration and the correct operation of all the various functions of the AVR because some (monitors or limiters) may never have needed to operate since the equipment was installed. This entails making checks that are carried out during commissioning and, if required, Brush Service Department can provide this service. WARNING: Take anti-static precautions when handling cards. Ensure that you are earthed (grounded) by using a wrist strap or similar device. An earth connection terminal is fitted in the centre or the front right hand mounting bracket of the AVR to which a wrist strap may be clipped. Electronic cards can be damaged by static discharge and should be carried in anti static protective containers wherever practicable. They should always be stored and transported in anti static bags or boxes. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 88 of 126
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 16 FAULT FINDING Note: The advice given in the safety notice at the front of this Instruction Manual should be followed when fault finding. 16.1 General Information If the AVR does not function correctly, a test sequence is recommended in which the generator and external wiring are first thoroughly checked before it is assumed that the fault lies in the electronic equipment. The faultfinding procedure is designed to enable faults to be found quickly. It is essential therefore, to follow the order in which they are presented. In the event of finding a fault on any part of the AVR the company strongly recommends that no attempt is made to repair the unit, but that it is replaced by a spare which should be recommissioned according to the relevant section of this Instruction Manual. The faulty unit should be returned to the Works for repair quoting the relevant Type/Model and Contract No's, together with the nature of the fault. 16.2 Precautions Meggers, flash testers and bell sets must not be used to check any equipment connected to, or incorporating semi-conductors. If these devices are to be used to check the wiring to the AVR, first disconnect all cables to the AVR. WARNING: Take anti-static precautions when handling cards. Ensure that you are earthed (grounded) by using a wrist strap or similar device. An earth connection terminal is fitted in the centre or the front right hand mounting bracket of the AVR to which a wrist strap may be clipped. Electronic cards can be damaged by static discharge and should be carried in anti static protective containers wherever practicable. They should always be stored and transported in anti static bags or boxes. 16.3 Procedure 16.3.1 Preliminary Checks Before commencing fault finding on the AVR unit, the following preliminary checks should be carried out: a) Check correct operation of the generator, ie. PMG output available (if applicable), the field and sensing signals are correct etc. b) Check all wiring associated with the excitation system. c) Check all contactors, switches and other external components associated with the AVR unit. d) Check that all the correct links are fitted in the AVR as detailed in the contract QC.48 document. e) Check all fuses and replace any that have failed. Fuse ratings are given in Section 6. Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 89 of 126
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 16.3.2 AVR Checks Having completed these preliminary checks, if the problem remains, the cause may be assumed to be internal to the AVR, or in its setting up. In this event the problem will generally fall into one of the following categories: 1) 2) 3) 4) 16.3.3 A30-CON card Faults - see Fault Finding Table 1 A30-MON card Faults - see Fault Finding Table 9 Utilities Card Faults - see Fault Finding Table 15 Standby Control Card Faults - see Fault Finding Table 23 Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 90 of 126
Thyristor Check The Main and Standby power circuits are single-phase half-controlled rectifiers each comprising two diodes (in a single module) and two thyristors (in a single module). The thyristors can be checked in situ with the aid of a battery, ammeter and two resistors, after isolating the AVR and temporarily removing the relevant semi-conductor fuse (FS5 or FS6) and unplugging plug Q from the Backboard.
15 Ohm 12 W
A
12 V Battery 1 Amp Short Term Rated
15 Ohm 0.5 W
Anode
Switch
Gate
Thyristor Under Test

Cathode
Figure 24: Thyristor Test Circuit 1) Initially, with switch S open and not having previously been closed, ensure that the ammeter registers zero current. 2) Close S and observe that the ammeter now registers approximately 0.75A. 3) Re-open S and observe that the ammeter continues to register - ideally as in 2) above. If any of these three tests is not satisfied for either positive or negative arm thyristors, then the thyristor module should be replaced. Note: To reduce the current to zero after the thyristor has been triggered, as in 2) above; the battery circuit must be disconnected.
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 16.4 Fault Finding Tables NOTE: In the following tables where reference is made to Test Point 1 (TP1) on the A30-CON and MON cards, use TP1 on the main body of the card, not TP1 on the A30-M188. Description Fault Finding Table 1: A30-CON Card Faults Fault Finding Table 2: Instability In Main Channel Control On Open Circuit Fault Finding Table 3: High Excitation Or Voltage On Open Circuit Fault Finding Table 4: Low Excitation Or Voltage On Open Circuit In Main Control Channel Fault Finding Table 5: Main Control Channel Temperature Compensation Error Fault Finding Table 6: Main Control Channel Field Current Measurement Error Fault Finding Table 7: Incorrect Line Current/Phase Measurement Fault Finding Table 8: Incorrect Frequency Measurement Fault Finding Table 9: A30-MON Card Faults Fault Finding Table 10: A30-MON Line Voltage Measurement Error Fault Finding Table 11: A30-MON Field Current Measurement Error Fault Finding Table 12: A30-MON Temperature Measurement Error Fault Finding Table 13: A30-MON Line Current/Phase Measurement Inaccurate Fault Finding Table 14: A30-MON Frequency Measurement Error Fault Finding Table 15: Utilities Card Faults Fault Finding Table 16: Failure Of A30-CON And A30-MON Card DC Supplies Fault Finding Table 17: Failure Of 15V A30-CON Card Supply (Other DC Supplies Present) Fault Finding Table 18: Failure Of 15V A30-MON Supply (other DC Supplies Present) Fault Finding Table 19: Failure Of +5V A30-CON Card Supply (Other DC Supplies Present) Fault Finding Table 20: Failure Of +5V A30-MON Supply (Other DC Supplies Present) Fault Finding Table 21: Diode Failure Indicator Faults Fault Finding Table 22: General Alarm (LED5) Given On Utilities Card Fault Finding Table 23: Standby Control Faults Fault Finding Table 24: Standby Control Faults - No Excitation When Running On Standby Fault Finding Table 25: Standby Card Faults - Line Voltage Unstable When Machine On Open Circuit Fault Finding Table 26: Standby Control Faults - Machine Will Not Run In Parallel When Selected In Voltage Control Mode Fault Finding Table 27: Standby Control Faults - High Excitation When In Standby Control Page No. 92 93 94 95 96 96 96 96 97 97 98 98 98 99 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 105 105 105 Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 91 of 126
Fault Finding Table 1: A30-CON Card Faults No. 1 2 3 4 5 Symptom Watchdog dropout indication LED2 on Instability on open circuit Overvoltage/ excitation on open circuit Undervoltage/ excitation on open circuit OEL temperature compensation/ measurement inaccurate Field current display inaccurate Line current display inaccurate Power factor display inaccurate Frequency display inaccurate HMI not communicating Use HMI to display temperature Test/Check Check micro reset pushbutton is not jammed Remedial Action Replace card Refer to Fault Finding Table 2 Refer to Fault Finding Table 3 Refer to Fault Finding Table 4 Refer to Fault Finding Table 5 Refer to Fault Finding Table 4 Item 8 Refer to Fault Finding Table 7 Refer to Fault Finding Table 7 Refer to Fault Finding Table 8 Rectify as necessary
Use HMI to display field current and check against calibrated ammeter Use HMI to display line current and check against calibrated meter Use HMI to display power factor Use HMI to display frequency Check A30con HMI software is running (not A30mon) and that cable is plugged into com1 on the A30-CON card Check on HMI that Panel/HMI selector on panel is set to Panel Check Panel/HMI switch is set to HMI. If adjustment is achieved via commissioning HMI, SCADA should function when correctly set up. Check on HMI that mode selection method is set to HMI. If set to switches, mode is selected by switches.
9 9 10
11
Cannot adjust V, VAr, PF Set Points using panel switches Cannot adjust V, VAr, PF using HMI or SCADA remote comms
Set switch to Panel
12
Install basic SCADA s/w on local pc to prove SCADA link functions correctly over SCADA comms socket. Enter mode selection menu and active mode selection via HMI. Unless this is done, mode selection will be by switches even when HMI can adjust reference set points.
13
Cannot select PF/VAr/ VAr shed mode via HMI when Panel/HMI switch is set to HMI
Fault Finding Table 2: Instability In Main Channel Control On Open Circuit No. 1 Possible Fault Governor instability Incorrect PID setting Mainframe not earthed PMG phase reference circuit failure PMG measurement circuit failure Test Check speed is not fluctuating and that excitation is stable in Standby field volts control Check PID settings on HMI Check mainframe terminal 9 is earthed a)Check the PMG voltage across CON1/5 and CON1/9 is at least 50V b) check that there are narrow +5V pulses at TP6 wrt TP1 at 2 times PMG frequency Use HMI to display PMG frequency. Ensure the correct PMG frequency selection link is fitted on the A30-CON mezzanine board (A30-M188) and that the correct frequency is entered in the maintenance presets. Remedial Action If speed is fluctuating, investigate governor instability Refer to Section 14 Correct as necessary a) Check external wiring b) If not, replace control card If problem persists after carrying out recommended checks, replace control card
2 4 5
Fault Finding Table 3: High Excitation Or Voltage On Open Circuit No. 1 Possible Fault Loss of voltage sensing to rear terminals Test Excite machine on Standby in field voltage control. Check sensing voltages at terminals 132, 148, 139, 140 & 141 a) Use HMI to display line voltage . Check same as secondary VT voltage Remedial Action If missing, check external wiring/fuses and repair as necessary
Loss of sensing signal on A30-CON card or control card voltage transducer out of calibration
a) If display is correct and the correct link is fitted for 3 or 1 phase sensing, card is faulty replace. If display not correct, continue to test b) b) If it is correct, continue to test c). If not, go to test 3a) and 3b) c) If not card faulty - replace otherwise re-calibrate voltage measurement circuit, see Section 13.1 a) If not Backboard faulty investigate and replace if necessary b) If not Utilities card faulty investigate and replace if necessary Replace thyristor module if faulty
b) Using extender, check voltage between terminals C1/8, C1/11 and C1/15 is 20V to 25V c) Check voltage at TP9 wrt TP1 is 4V to 6V dc
Sensing fault associated with Backboard or Utilities card
a) Using extender on Utilities, measure input to Utilities is 110V at terminals U2/21, U2/25 and U2/23 b) Using extender on Utilities, measure output is 25V at terminals U2/28, U2/26 and U2/27
Power circuit fault
Check SCR1, SCR2 using thyristor test procedure, see 16.3.3
Fault Finding Table 4: Low Excitation Or Voltage On Open Circuit In Main Control Channel
No. 1 Possible Fault Main channel power circuit fault in mainframe Test a) Check that fuse FS5 is healthy b) Check PMG volts applied to input of Main control rectifier c) Check internal wiring between Main control rectifier and field d) Check Main power circuit thyristors as in 16.3.3 2 3 Loss of auxiliary power supply Incorrect links fitted Check FS1, FS2 and any external fuses and wiring to the external supply If 3 phase sensing, check card not selected for 1phase sensing (See Appendix B - Card Link Descriptions) Use HMI to check that correct operating level has been set . Test on increased sensitivity with machine on open circuit. Remedial Action a) Replace if necessary b) Examine wiring in rack and correct if necessary c) Correct as necessary d) Replace module if necessary Replace fuses/correct as necessary Correct as necessary
Short circuit limiter malfunction
Check field current measurement circuits, refer to 6 & 8 in this table. If no different, contact factory or replace card. Enter correct settings if necessary, If problem unresolved, check field current and temperature measurement circuits, refer to 7 & 8 in this table. Correct as necessary
OE limiter operating level too low. Short circuit limit increased sensitivity selected OEL limiter increased sensitivity selected Field current measurement circuit failure
Use HMI to examine actual limit and the indicated filed amps.
Use HMI to check x 8 sensitivity is turned off (OEL menu)
Use HMI to check x 4 sensitivity is turned off (OEL menu) a) Excite machine in Standby to nominal voltage. Use HMI to display field current and check indication against accurate meter b) Check dc voltage at TP4 wrt TP1 is 0.33 times the field ammeter reading
Correct as necessary
a) Re-calibrate if necessary according to Section 13. If error large, check according to b) in this table b) Trim using RV2 on Backboard. If not possible, IC1 on Backboard faulty replace Backboard a) If FSC OFF, status is correct. If FSC ON, proceed to test 9b) in this table b) If still ON, card faulty replace. If FSC OFF with LK19 out, proceed to test 9c) in this table If not, check FSCS and replace as necessary Check correct power supply links are fitted. Correct as necessary
Incorrect FSC status read by A30CON card
a) Use HMI to check FSC status b) Remove LK19 and check FSC status
c) Check dc auxiliary supply present at C2/18 and Q/24 10 Incorrect selection of power supply links Check dc supplies on card are: VTP13-TP1 = 5V 0.2V VTP19-TP1 = 15V 1.0V VTP20-TP4 = 15V 1.0V
Fault Finding Table 5: Main Control Channel Temperature Compensation Error No. 1 Possible Fault RTD wiring incorrect Test Check resistance between terminals 117 and 118, 117 and 116; should be in the order of 100 Use HMI to check temperature compensation is ON Re-calibrate according to Section 13.4 Remedial Action Correct as necessary
2 3
Temperature compensation is turned off Temperature sensing circuit out of calibration
Correct if necessary If it cannot be recalibrated, replace the card
Fault Finding Table 6: Main Control Channel Field Current Measurement Error No. 1 2 Possible Fault Incorrect link selection on Backboard Backboard failure Test Check link 2A is fitted on Backboard Refer to Fault Finding Table 4 Item 8 Remedial Action Correct as necessary
Fault Finding Table 7: Incorrect Line Current/Phase Measurement No. 1 2 Possible Fault Incorrect selection of LK1 on the Backboard External wiring errors Test Check correct link fitted as specified by the contract QC.48 document a) Confirm CT wiring to terminals 133 & 134 is as shown on contract schematic b) Ensure that shorting links are not connected across the CT c) Check that the ac voltage on the A30-CON card terminals C1/1 wrt TP1 is 1V per amp of CT output current (5A secondary) d) Check dc voltage on control card TP11 wrt TP1 is 0.33V per amp of secondary CT current (5A CT) e) Use HMI to display line current and power factor and check agreement with calibrated instruments Remedial Action Correct as necessary a) Correct as necessary b) Correct as necessary c) If not present, Backboard faulty and must be replaced d) If not, re-calibrate according to Section 13. e) If not, replace A30CON card
Fault Finding Table 8: Incorrect Frequency Measurement No. 1 Possible Fault Loss of voltage sensing to A30-CON card Test Perform checks outlined in Fault Finding Table 3 Remedial Action
Fault Finding Table 9: A30-MON Card Faults No. 1 3 Possible Fault Watchdog dropout indication LED2 on Monitor trips too frequently or not at all Test Check micro reset pushbutton is not jammed a) Check settings using HMI that maintenance presets are as indicated in the contract QC.48, and all required functions are enabled (main display) b) Check calibration of appropriate monitor transducer against accurate meter using HMI as indicated below: Voltage Field Current Line Current/Phase Temperature Frequency 4 A30-MON settings inconsistent with site conditions Measure the monitored quantities during normal and transient operation Remedial Action Replace card a) Enter correct settings where appropriate b) If calibration inaccurate, refer to table indicated: Refer to Fault Finding Table 10 Refer to Fault Finding Table 11 Refer to Fault Finding Table 13 Refer to Fault Finding Table 12 Refer to Fault Finding Table 14 If normal site transients are beyond initial monitor settings, refer to works
Fault Finding Table 10: A30-MON Line Voltage Measurement Error No. 1 Possible Fault Loss of voltage sensing signal Internal fault on A30-MON voltage sensing signal Test If Main control channel sensing OK, continue test 2 otherwise refer to Fault Finding Table 3 Item 1 a) Use HMI to view line voltage. Check same as secondary VT voltage b) Using extender check voltage between terminals M1/8, M1/11, M1/15 is 20V to 25V c) Check that the voltage at TP5 wrt TP1 is 4v to 6V dc a) If error large, go to test b) otherwise go to test c) b) If correct, go to test c), if not and Main control sensing OK, Backboard is faulty c) If not, card faulty replace, otherwise recalibrate voltage measurement circuit. Remedial Action
Fault Finding Table 11: A30-MON Field Current Measurement Error No. 1 Possible Fault Field current measurement failure Test a) Excite in Standby or Main, use HMI to measure field current and check against accurate meter b) Check dc voltage at TP2 wrt TP1 is 0.33 times field ammeter reading Remedial Action a) If error small, calibrate according to Section 13. If error large, do test b) b) Trim if necessary using RV3 on Backboard after checking LK3A is fitted. Then calibrate according to Section 13
Fault Finding Table 12: A30-MON Temperature Measurement Error No. 1 2 3 Possible Fault RTD wiring incorrect Temperature compensation is turned off Temperature sensing circuit fault Test Refer to Fault Finding Table 5 Item 1 Use HMI to check temperature compensation is ON Use HMI to display temperature and check it indicates temperature of RTD and corresponds to the temperature displayed by the HMI on the A30CON card Correct as necessary Re-calibrate according to Section 13 Remedial Action
Fault Finding Table 13: A30-MON Line Current/Phase Measurement Inaccurate No. 1 Possible Fault Incorrect selection of LK1 on Backboard Test Remedial Action If A30-CON card reads line current correctly, Backboard links OK. If both wrong, refer to QC.48. If A30-CON card OK, external wiring correct. If both wrong, refer to Fault Finding Table 7 Items 2a & 2b. Check that ac voltage to terminals M1/1 wrt TP1 is 1V per amp of CT output current (5A secondary) a) Check dc voltage on A30-MON TP6 wrt TP1 is 0.33V per amp of secondary CT current (5A CT) b) Use HMI to display line current and power factor and check agreement with calibrated instruments If not, Backboard faulty and must be replaced a) If not, re-calibrate according to Section 13. b) If not, replace A30MON card
External wiring errors
Incorrect signal to A30MON Calibration error
Fault Finding Table 14: A30-MON Frequency Measurement Error No. 1 Possible Fault Loss of voltage sensing to A30-MON Test Refer to Fault Finding Table 10 Remedial Action If all checks OK and frequency measurement faulty, A30-MON is faulty and card should be replaced
Fault Finding Table 15: Utilities Card Faults No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Symptom Failure of both 15V supplies and both +5V supplies Failure of 15V A30-CON supply Failure of +5V A30-CON supply Failure of 15V A30-MON supply Failure of +5V A30-MON supply Diode failure indicator faulty Test If LEDs 1-4 are OFF, all supplies have failed If LED 1 is OFF, the supply has failed If LED 4 is OFF, the supply has failed If LED 2 is OFF, the supply has failed If LED 3 is OFF, the supply has failed a) Indicator ON continuously when all rotating diodes and fuses are healthy b) Operation of the test pushbutton does not cause the alarm to be given c) Indicator does not give indication when a rotating diode is faulty or fuse is blown 7 General alarm signal given LED 5 ON Remedial Action Refer to Fault Finding Table 16 Refer to Fault Finding Table 17 Refer to Fault Finding Table 18 Refer to Fault Finding Table 19 Refer to Fault Finding Table 20 Refer to Fault Finding Table 21 Refer to Fault Finding Table 21 Refer to Fault Finding Table 21 Refer to Fault Finding Table 22
Fault Finding Table 16: Failure Of A30-CON And A30-MON Card DC Supplies No. 1 Possible Fault No PMG feed to supply transformer Test a) Ensure mainframe mounted switch SW1 is closed b) Mainframe fuses FS3, 4 blown Remedial Action a) Close if open. Replace if faulty b) Check correct link selection on auxiliaries board on in left side of main frame. Replace fuses if links correct. c) Correct as required. If PMG voltage incorrect, refer to works
c) Check PMG supply to PLUG 6 terminals 29, 30 and that PMG voltage agrees with value on contract QC.48. d) Switch off SW1, fit utilities board on extender card, close SW1 and check ac supplies to utilities board terminals: U1/5 -1/9 between 15V-23V U1/15-1/17 between 60V-95V U1/19-1/21 between 60V-95V
d) If volts low or high, double check that correct links are fitted. If no volts, check wiring loom from auxiliaries board to backboard. If ok, auxiliaries board probably faulty and should be replaced.
Fault Finding Table 17: Failure Of 15V A30-CON Card Supply (Other DC Supplies Present) No. 1 2 Possible Fault FS4 blown on Utilities card No PMG feed to U1/15 and U1/17 Test Turn off SW1 in mainframe. Check fuse a) Check ac volts at U1/15 to U1/17 is between 60 and 95 volts b) Remove Utilities card and repeat a) above c) Check ac volts at backboard plug Q1/6 & Q1/7 is between 60 and 95 volts Remedial Action Replace if blown. If it blows again, replace Utilities card a) If missing, proceed to test b)
b) If volts now present, Utilities card faulty replace. If still missing, proceed to test c) c) If missing and other supplies OK, auxiliaries board or loom to it is faulty, check and replace as required. If present check backboard and replace if faulty. If OK, control card takes excessive current replace control card. If volts low, replace Utilities card
Insufficient current available for A30-CON card
Remove control card. Fit extender card alone in control card slot with LK1 inserted. Check volts across Utilities: TP2-TP1 is 15V 1.5V TP1-TP3 is 15V 1.5V
Fault Finding Table 18: Failure Of 15V A30-MON Supply (other DC Supplies Present) No. 1 2 Possible Fault FS2 blown on Utilities card No PMG feed to U1/19 and U1/21 Test Turn off SW1 in mainframe. Check fuse a) Check ac volts at U1/19 to U1/21 is between 60 and 95 volts b) Remove Utilities card and repeat a) above c) Check ac volts at backboard plug Q1/1 & Q1/2 is between 60 and 95 volts Remedial Action Replace if blown. If it blows again, replace Utilities card a) If missing, proceed to test b) b) If volts now present, Utilities card faulty replace. If still missing, proceed to test c) c) If missing and other supplies OK, auxiliaries board or loom to it is faulty, check and replace as required. If present check backboard and replace if faulty. If OK, A30-MON card takes excessive current replace A30-MON card. If volts low, replace Utilities card
Insufficient current available for A30MON
Remove A30-MON. Fit extender card alone in A30-MON slot with LK1 inserted. Check volts across Utilities: TP10-TP1 is 15V 1.5V TP1-TP9 is 15V 1.5V
Fault Finding Table 19: Failure Of +5V A30-CON Card Supply (Other DC Supplies Present) No. 1 Possible Fault FS3 blown on Utilities card Test Turn off SW1 in mainframe. Remove control and Utilities card. Check fuse. Replace if necessary and test with control card removed Remove control card. Fit extender card alone in control card slot with LK3 fitted. Check volts across Utilities: TP5-TP1 is 5V 0.5V a) Check ac volts at U1/5 to U1/9 is between 15 and 23 volts b) Remove Utilities card and repeat a) above c) Check ac volts at backboard plug terminals Q1/4 & Q1/5 is between 15 and 23 volts Remedial Action Replace if blown. If it blows again, replace Utilities card. If OK, proceed to test b) If OK, A30-CON card takes excessive current - replace control card. If volts low, proceed to test 3 below a) If OK, Utilities card faulty replace. If low, proceed to b) b) If now OK, Utilities card faulty replace. If still low, proceed to test c) c) If missing and other supplies OK, auxiliaries board or loom to it is faulty, check and replace as required. If present check backboard and replace if faulty.
Insufficient current available for A30-CON card Low PMG supply to Utilities card
Fault Finding Table 20: Failure Of +5V A30-MON Supply (Other DC Supplies Present) No. 1 Possible Fault FS1 blown on Utilities card Test Turn off SW1 in mainframe. Remove A30-MON and Utilities card. Check fuse. Replace if necessary and test with control card removed Remove A30-MON card. Fit extender card alone in A30MON slot with LK3 fitted. Check volts across Utilities: TP11-TP1 is 5V 0.5V 3 Low PMG supply to Utilities card a) Check ac volts at U1/5 to U1/9 is between 15 and 23 volts b) Remove Utilities card and repeat a) above c) Check ac volts at backboard plug terminals Q1/4 & Q1/5is between 15 and 23 volts a) If OK, Utilities card faulty replace. If low, proceed to b) b) If now OK, Utilities card faulty replace. If still low, proceed to test c) c) If missing and other supplies OK, auxiliaries board or loom to it is faulty, check and replace as required. If present check backboard and replace if faulty. Remedial Action Replace if blown. If it blows again, replace Utilities card. If OK, proceed to test b)
Insufficient current available for A30-MON card
If OK, A30-MON takes excessive current and should be replaced. If volts low, proceed to test 3 below
Fault Finding Table 21: Diode Failure Indicator Faults No. 1 Symptom Indicator permanently on Test a) Check rotating diodes & fuses b) Check AVR not unstable c) Reduce sensitivity of detector by fitting LK2 and adjusting RV1 clockwise until LED7 turns off 2 Diode failure indicator inoperative a) Press DFI test button Remedial Action a) Replace any failed devices. If all OK, proceed to b), and then c) b) Reset stability if necessary c) Leave RV1 at this setting. If indication still given, Utilities card faulty replace a) If LED7 does not come on after delay, Utilities card faulty replace b) Leave RV1 at this setting
b) If indicator does not detect a diode or fuse failure, increase sensitivity by fitting LK1 (Utilities) and rotating RV1 clockwise until alarm given
Fault Finding Table 22: General Alarm (LED5) Given On Utilities Card No. 1 Possible Fault Standby power supply fault A30-MON watchdog dropout Test Remedial Action Refer to Fault Finding Table 24 Item 1 Refer to Fault Finding Table 9 Item 2 Refer to Fault Finding Table 18
A30-MON 15V supply failure
Fault Finding Table 23: Standby Control Faults No. 1 2 3 4 5 Symptom No excitation when running on Standby Excitation collapses on transfer from Main to Standby Voltage unstable when machine on open circuit Machine will not run in parallel in Standby Auto follower does not give null balance when running in Main Cannot adjust output level using remote switches High excitation when Standby selected LED 4, A30-CON PS loss detector operated Test See Fault Finding Table 24 See Fault Finding Table 24 See Fault Finding Table 25 See Fault Finding Table 26 See Fault Finding Table 24 to Fault Finding Table 27 See Fault Finding Table 24 See Fault Finding Table 27 See Fault Finding Table 17 Remedial Action
6 7 8
Fault Finding Table 24: Standby Control Faults - No Excitation When Running On Standby No. 1 Possible Fault Power supply inoperative Test Check LED3 is on indicating healthy power supply. If not, check PMG supply to S2/19, S2/28. Check links 1-6 as specified in QC.48. Check FS1, FS2 a) Confirm Standby at minimum LED5 is ON on power-up b) Give Standby raise signal and check LED5 is turned OFF. Give Standby lower signal and check LED5 is turned ON Check that no voltage is applied to S1/5 when Standby is selected and that aux dc applied to S1/5 when Main selected If tests 1-3 OK, commission A30CON card and check if auto follower matches Standby to Main, confirmed by null meter reading and raise/lower LEDs on Standby card a) Check that Standby fuse FS6 OK b) Check PMG volts applied to input of Standby control rectifier c) Check internal wiring between Standby rectifier and field d) Check Standby thyristors. With system isolated, check with ohmmeter the continuity between: S2/10 and G3 S2/12 and K3 S2/18 and G4 S2/20 and K4 Remedial Action If all checks OK and supply not present, replace card
Standby raise/lower signal fault
a) If not, card faulty replace b) If not, check signals SI/9 and SI/11. Correct wiring if necessary Check signal path from ECCS-1 to S1/5 via Utilities card. Correct if necessary If not, replace Standby card. If OK go to test 5 below
Auto follower is selected when in Standby control
Control circuit fault
Standby power circuit fault in mainframe
a) Replace as necessary b) Examine wiring in rack and correct as necessary c) Correct as necessary d) Replace module if necessary Investigate any faults and rectify
Bad connection from Standby firing pulse output to thyristors
If tests 1-6 above do not indicate cause of fault, replace Standby card
Fault Finding Table 25: Standby Card Faults - Line Voltage Unstable When Machine On Open Circuit No. 1 2 Possible Fault Governor instability If governor stable and volts control selected, stability controls require adjustment Test Check that speed is not fluctuating Reset RV1 (quantity) and RV2 (phase) to produce a stable exciter field voltage Remedial Action Stabilise governor if necessary If stability cannot be achieved, check that the appropriate stabilising link (LK25,26 or 28) for exciter field time constant is fitted refer to link chart for standby card (Appendix B - Card Link Descriptions, Page 119). If still unstable, refer to factory.
Fault Finding Table 26: Standby Control Faults - Machine Will Not Run In Parallel When Selected In Voltage Control Mode No. 1 Possible Fault Incorrect phasing of sensing voltage and current to Standby card Test Check the 110V voltage sensing signal to S2/2 via 132 and S2/1 via 148 and the current sensing signal to S1/3 and S1/1 via T4 on Backboard Check LK12 fitted for 1A CT and LK13 fitted for 5A CT Remedial Action Make necessary corrections
Incorrect link selection on Standby card
Correct as necessary
Fault Finding Table 27: Standby Control Faults - High Excitation When In Standby Control No. 1 Possible Fault Lack of line voltage sensing when in line volts control mode Permanent raise signal being applied Lack of field voltage sensing signal when in field volts control mode Thyristor failure Test Check 110V sensing signal to S2/2 via 132 and S2/1 via 148 Check the voltage to S1/11 via 152 is only present when a raise signal is given Check the connection between S2/11 and field positive via Q/2 Check Standby thyristors. Remedial Action Make necessary connections Make necessary connections Make necessary connections Replace module if necessary
APPENDIX A - CONNECTIONS CHARTS Description Connections Chart 1: A30-CON Card Top Socket - Internal Connections Connections Chart 2: A30-CON Card Bottom Socket - Internal Connections Connections Chart 3: A30-MON Card Top Socket - Internal Connections Connections Chart 4: A30-MON Card Bottom Socket - Internal Connections Connections Chart 5: Utilities Card Top Socket - Internal Connections Connections Chart 6: Utilities Card Bottom Socket - Internal Connections Connections Chart 7: Standby Card Top Socket - Internal Connections Connections Chart 8: Standby Card Bottom Socket - Internal Connections Connections Chart 9: 24 Way 'Quickmate' Connector On Backboard - Internal Connections
Connections Chart 10: 10 Way 'Quickmate' Connector On Backboard/Auxiliaries Board Internal Connections
Page No. 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 115 115 116 116 116 117 117 118 118
Connections Chart 11: Serial Socket At Rear Of Unit - Outgoing Connections Connections Chart 12: 16 Way Socket 1 - Outgoing Connections Connections Chart 13: 16 Way Socket 2 - Outgoing Connections Connections Chart 14: 16 Way Socket 3 - Outgoing Connections Connections Chart 15: 16 Way Socket 4 - Outgoing Connections Connections Chart 16: 16 Way Socket 5 - Outgoing Connections Connections Chart 17: 16 Way Socket 6 - Outgoing Connections Connections Chart 18: Heavy Duty Terminals At Rear Of Unit - Outgoing Connections
Connections Chart 1: A30-CON Card Top Socket - Internal Connections Connections C1/1:M1/1:T3 C1/2:D1/2 C1/3:U1/1:S1/19:Pin7/IC1 C1/4:LK4 C1/5:M1/5:Q1/9 C1/6:U1/3:S1/21:Pin4/IC1 C1/7:U1/7 C1/8:M1/8:U2/28 C1/9:M1/9:Q1/10 C1/10:U2/16 C1/11:M1/11:U2/26 C1/12:M2/29 C1/13:M1/13 C1/14:S1/27 C1/15:M1/15:U2/27 C1/16:M2/27 C1/17:D1/3 C1/18:M2/23 C1/19:M1/19 C1/20:M1/20 C1/21:M1/21 C1/22:M1/22 C1/23:M1/23:U2/22 C1/24:S1/17 C1/25:U2/20 C1/26:M1/18 C1/27:S1/18 C1/28:M1/28:U1/28:S1/28: C1/29:M1/29:U1/29:S1/29:Q1/8:155 C1/30:M1/30:U1/30:S1/30:Term.A etc. C1/31:M1/31:U1/31:160:Term.A etc. C1/32:M1/32:U1/32:144:108 Description IY Load (C,M) SCADA COMMS RX (C) +15V (C) If (C) PMG 7 15V (C) +5V (C) L1 25V Sens. PMG 8 D.F.S. D.F.I. i/p L2 25V Sens. Con Card Sup. o/p (1 = healthy) Mon Card Sup. I/p (1 = healthy) AVR Firing Pulse L3 25V Sens. Reset 1 (low to reset/inhibit monitor) SCADA COMMS TX (C) Reset 2 (low to reset/inhibit monitor) UEM. Sup. i/p OEM. Sup. i/p UVM. Sup. i/p OVM. Sup. i/p Ph.Ref. 50 Logic level 0 when Standby Low Lim. On Spare Logic level 0 when Standby High Ground
Signal Ground
Connections Chart 2: A30-CON Card Bottom Socket - Internal Connections Connections C2/1:100(Con2/1) C2/2:116(Con2/2) C2/3:101(Con2/3) C2/4:M2/4:117(Con2/4) C2/5:102(Con2/5) C2/6:118(Con2/6) C2/7:103(Con2/7) C2/8:M2/8:S1/13:Q/1:153(Con1/12) C2/9:104(Con2/9) C2/10:M2/10 C2/11:M2/11 C2/12:M2/12(linked to C2/17 from early 2000) C2/13:112(Con2/25) C2/14: 106(Con2/13) C2/15:111(Con2/23) C2/16:107(Con2/15) C2/17:Q/22(linked to C2/12 from early 2000) C2/18:M2/1:Q/24 C2/19:105(Con2/11) C2/20: 110(Con2/21) C2/21 C2/22 C2/23 C2/24 C2/25:Q/12 C2/26:Q/16 C2/27:D1/7 C2/28 C2/29 C2/30 C2/31:Q/21 C2/32:Q/17 Description Main V Raise RTD 3 Main V Lower RTD 1 P.F.Select RTD 2 VAr Control Select Aux. DC ve VAr Shed Spare RTD 4 See C2/17(used on twin) Self Centring Panel Adjust/ Comms link adjust Mark/space o/p (used on twin) Analogue input Standby (+ve)/Main(used on twin) FSC (+ve Aux Sup'd) P.F. Lower P.F. Raise Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected K1 SCR1 G1 SCR1 SCADA COMMS Isolated Ground Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected K2 SCR2 G2 SCR2
Connections Chart 3: A30-MON Card Top Socket - Internal Connections Connections M1/1:C1/1:T3 M1/2:D1/11 M1/3:U1/25:Pin7/IC2 M1/4:U2/4:LK5 M1/5:C1/5:Q1/9 M1/6:U1/11:Pin4/IC2 M1/7:U1/13 M1/8:C1/8:U2/28 M1/9:C1/9:Q1/10 M1/10 M1/11:C1/11:U2/26 M1/12 M1/13:C1/13 M1/14 M1/15:C1/15:U2/27 M1/16 M1/17:D1/12 M1/18:C1/26 M1/19:C1/19 M1/20:C1/20 M1/21:C1/21 M1/22:C1/22 M1/23:C1/23:U2/22 M1/24:U2/24 M1/25:U2/18 M1/26:U2/6 M1/27 M1/28:C1/28:U1/28:S1/28: M1/29:C1/29:U1/29:S1/29:Q1/8:155 M1/30:C1/30:U1/30:S1/30:Term A etc M1/31:C1/31:U1/31:160 Term.A etc. M1/32:C1/32:U1/32:144:108 Description IY Load (C,M) SCADA COMMS RX(M) +15V (M) If(M) PMG 7 15V (M) +5V (M) L1 25V Sens PMG 8 Not Connected L2 25V Sens Not Connected Mon Card Sup. o/p Not Connected L3 25V Sens. Not Connected SCADA COMMS TX(M) Spare UEM. Sup. o/p OEM. Sup. o/p UVM. Sup. o/p OVM. Sup. o/p Ph.Ref. 50 Gen.Alarm Sig. Mon.Trip Sig. DFI Inh. Not Connected Ground Ground Ground Signal Ground Signal Ground
Connections Chart 4: A30-MON Card Bottom Socket - Internal Connections Connections M2/1:C2/18:Q/24 M2/2 M2/3:113 M2/4:C2/4:117 M2/5:130 M2/6 M2/7:114 M2/8:C2/8:S1/13:Q/1:153 M2/9:131 M2/10:C2/10 M2/11:C2/11 M2/12:C2/12 M2/13:115 M2/14 M2/15:124 M2/16 M2/17 M2/18 M2/19:S1/15 M2/20 M2/21 M2/22 M2/23:C1/18 M2/24 M2/25 M2/26 M2/27:C1/16 M2/28/D20 M2/29:C1/12 M2/30 M2/31 M2/32 Description FSC(+ve Aux Sup'd) Not Connected Mon Inh RTD 1 Spare Not Connected Spare Aux. DC ve Spare Spare RTD 4 Spare Spare Spare Spare Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Manual Power Supply Fault (0 = healthy) Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Reset 2 (low to reset/inhibit monitor) Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Reset 1 (low to reset/inhibit monitor) SCADA COMMS Isolated ground Con Card Supervisory i/p (1=healthy) Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected
Connections Chart 5: Utilities Card Top Socket - Internal Connections Connections U1/1:C1/3:S1/19:Pin7/IC1 U1/2:S1/2 (linked to U2/29 from early 2000) U1/3:C1/6:S1/21:Pin4/IC1 U1/4:S1/4 (Linked to U1/26 from early 2000) U1/5:Q1/4 U1/6 U1/7:C1/7 U1/8 U1/9:Q1/5 U1/10 U1/11:M1/6:Pin4/IC2 U1/12 U1/13:M1/7 U1/14 U1/15:Q1/6 U1/16 U1/17:Q1/7 U1/18 U1/19:Q1/1 U1/20 U1/21:Q1/2 U1/22 U1/23 U1/24 U1/25:M1/3:Pin7/IC2 U1/26:Q1/3 (linked to U1/4 from early 2000) U1/27:S1/5 (linked to U2/31 from early 2000) U1/28:C1/28:M1/28:S1/28: U1/29:C1/29:M1/29:S1/29:Q1/8:155 U1/30:C1/30:M1/30:S1/30:Term.A etc. U1/31:C1/31:M1/31:160:Term A etc. U1/32:C1/32:M1/32:144108 Description +15V (C) See U2/29 (used on twin) 15V (C) See U1/26 (used on twin) PMG 1 Not Connected +5V (C) Not Connected PMG 2 Not Connected 15V (M) Not Connected +5V (M) Not Connected PMG 3 Not Connected PMG 4 Not Connected PMG 5 Not Connected PMG 6 Not Connected +9V (HMI) Not used on A30 Excitation Controller Not Connected +15V (M) Lim N.C. (used on twin) Follower Inh (used on twin) Ground Ground Ground Signal Ground Signal Ground
Connections Chart 6: Utilities Card Bottom Socket - Internal Connections Connections U2/1:119 U2/2:135 U2/3:121 U2/4:M1/4:LK4 U2/5:122 U2/6:M1/26 U2/7:123 U2/8:136 U2/9:125 U2/10:137 U2/11:126 U2/12:S1/23:Q/20 U2/13:120 U2/14:S1/25:Q/23 U2/15:127 U2/16:C1/10 U2/17:128 U2/18:M1/25 U2/19:129 U2/20:C1/25 U2/21:140 U2/22:C1/23:M1/23 U2/23:141 U2/24:M1/24 U2/25:139 U2/26:C1/11:M1/11 U2/27:C1/15:M1/15 U2/28:C1/8:M1/8 U2/29:142 (linked to U1/2 from early 2000) U2/30: U2/31:143 (linked to U1/27 from early 2000) U2/32: Description DFI Com DFI N.C. DFI N.O. If(M) Lim. Com. DFI Inh. Lim. N.C. Lim. N.O. Mon. Com. Mon. N.C. Mon. N.O. Mon.Trip Com. Mon.Trip N.C. Mon.Trip N.O. Alarm Com. D.F.S. Alarm N.C. Mon.Trip Sig. Alarm N.O. Lim. On L1 110V Sens. Ph.Ref. 50 L3 110V Sens. Gen.Alarm Sig. L2 110V Sens. L2 25V Sens. L3 25V Sens. L1 25V Sens. See U1/2 (used on twin) Not Connected See U1/27 (used on twin) Not Connected
Connections Chart 7: Standby Card Top Socket - Internal Connections Connections S1/1:T4:Z1 S1/2:U1/2(linked to S1/27 from early 2000) S1/3:T4:Z2 S1/4:U1/4 S1/5:U1/27 S1/6 S1/7 S1/8 S1/9:151 S1/10 S1/11:152 S1/12 S1/13:C2/8:M2/8:Q/1:153 S1/14 S1/15:M2/19 S1/16 S1/17:C1/24 S1/18:C1/27 S1/19:C1/3:U1/1:Pin7/IC1 S1/20 S1/21:C1/6:U1/3:Pin4/IC1 S1/22 S1/23:U2/12:Q/20 S1/24 U2/14:Q/23 S1/25:U2/14:Q/23 S1/26 S1/27:C1/14(linked to S1/27 from early 2000) S1/28:C1/28:M1/28:U1/28: S1/29:C1/29:M1/29:U1/29:Q1/8:155 S1/30:C1/30:M1/30:U1/30:Term A etc. S1/31 S1/32:Term.A etc. Description IY Load (S) Spare(used on twin) IY Machine (S) Spare Follower Inh. Not Connected Test purposes only Not Connected Standby V Lower Not Connected Standby V Raise Not Connected Aux. DC ve Not Connected Standby Power Supply Fault (0 = healthy) Not Connected Low when Standby Low Low when Standby High +15V (C) Not Connected 15V (C) Not Connected Mon.Trip Com. Mon.Trip N.O. Mon.Trip N.O. Not Connected AVR Firing Pulse (used on twin) Ground Ground Ground Signal Ground Signal Ground
Connections Chart 8: Standby Card Bottom Socket - Internal Connections Connections S2/1:148 S2/2:132 S2/3 S2/4 S2/5 S2/6 S2/7 S2/8 S2/9 S2/10:Q/4 S2/11:Q/2 S2/12:Q/3 S2/13 S2/14 S2/15 S2/16 S2/17 S2/18:Q/5 S2/19:157 S2/20:Q/9 S2/21 S2/22 S2/23 S2/24 S2/25 S2/26:159 S2/27 S2/28 S2/29:162 S2/30:146 S2/31:163 S2/32:147 Description L1 110V Standby Sensing L3 110V Standby Sensing Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected G3 SCR3 Field +ve K3 SCR3 Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected G4 SCR4 AC1 (PMG) K4 SCR4 Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected AC2 (PMG) Not Connected Not Connected NBM +ve (ground) Standby at min Com. NBM ve Standby at min N.O.
Connections Chart 9: 24 Way 'Quickmate' Connector On Backboard - Internal Connections Connections Q/1:C2/8:M2/8:S1/13:153 Q/2:S2/11 Q/3:S2/12 Q/4:S2/10 Q/5:S2/18 Q/6 Q/7 Q/8 Q/9:S2/20 Q/10 Q/11 Q/12:C2/25 Q/13 Q/14 Q/15 Q/16:C2/26 Q/17:C2/32 Q/18 Q/19 Q/20:U2/12:S1/23 Q/21:C2/31 Q/22:C2/17 Q/23:U2/14:S1/24:S1/25 Q/24:C2/18:M2/1 Wire Number 19 8 58 72 73 Description Aux. DC ve Field +ve K3 SCR3 G3 SCR3 G4 SCR4 Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected K4 SCR4 Not Connected Not Connected K1 SCR1 Not Connected Not Connected Not Connected G1 SCR1 G2 SCR2 Not Connected Not Connected Mon.Trip Com. K2 SCR2 Pos. in Standby Mon.Trip N.O. FSC (+ve Aux sup'd) Description PMG 5 PMG 6 Lim. N.C. PMG 1 PMG 2 PMG 3 PMG 4 Ground PMG 7 PMG 8 Description SCADA COMMS TX(C) A30-CON SCADA COMMS RX(C) A30-CON SCADA COMMS Isolated Ground A30CON SCADA COMMS RX(C) A30-MON SCADA COMMS TX(C) A30-MON SCADA COMMS Isolated Ground A30MON Unconnected
51 57
70 71 48 53 66 18 63 Wire Number 39 40 65 35 36 37 38 75 74 70
Connections Chart 10: 10 Way 'Quickmate' Connector On Backboard/Auxiliaries Board - Internal Connections
Connections Q1/1:U1/19 Q1/2:U1/21 Q1/3:U1/26 Q1/4:U1/5 Q1/5:U1/9 Q1/6:U1/15 Q1/7:U1/17 Q1/8:C1,M1,U1,S1/28-30:155:D1,2/5 Q1/9:C1/5:M1/5 Q1/10:C1/9:M1/9 Connections D1/2:C1/17 D1/3:C1/2 D1/7:C2/27. D1/11:M1/2 D1/12:M1/17 D1/20:M2/28 All Other pins
Connections Chart 11: Serial Socket At Rear Of Unit - Outgoing Connections
Connections Chart 12: 16 Way Socket 1 - Outgoing Connections Connections 100:C2/1 101:C2/3 102:C2/5 103:C2/7 104:C2/9 105:C2/19 106:C2/14 107:C2/16 108:C1,M1,U1/31,32:144:160:Term.A etc. 109 110:C2/20 111:C2/15 112:C2/13 113:M2/3 114:M2/7 115:M2/13 Connections 116:C2/2 117:C2/4:M2/4 118:C2/6 119:U2/1 120:U2/13 121: 122:U2/5 123:U2/7 124:M2/15 125:U2/9 126:U2/11 127:U2/15 128:U2/17 129:U2/19 130:M2/5 131:M2/9 Connections 132:S2/2 133:T3 134:T4 135:U2/2 136:U2/8 137:U2/10 138:S2/3 139:U2/25 140:U2/21 141:U2/23 142:U2/29 143:U2/31 144:C1,M1,U1/31,32:108: 160:Term.A etc. 145:LK4 146:S2/30) 147:S2/32)
Description Main V Raise Main V Lower P.F.Select VAr Con. Select VAr Shed P.F. Lower Panel/HMI or SCADA comms adjust Analogue Input Signal Ground Not Connected P.F.Raise Used on Twin System Self Centring Mon. Inhibit Spare Used on Twin System Description RTD 3 RTD 1 RTD 2 DFI Com. Mon.Trip N.C. Lim. Com. Lim. N.C. Spare Mon. Com. Mon. N.O. Alarm Com. Alarm N.C. Alarm N.O. Spare Spare Description L3 110V (S) C/T IY Machine C/T IY Load DFI N.C. Lim. N.O. Mon. N.C. Spare L2 110V Sensing L1 110V Sensing L3 110V Sensing Used on Twin System Used on Twin System Signal Ground If(C) St'by at Min. Com. St'by at Min. N.O.
Connections Chart 13: 16 Way Socket 2 - Outgoing Connections
Connections Chart 15: 16 Way Socket 4 - Outgoing Connections Connections 148:S2/1 149:T3 150:T4 151:S1/9 152:S1/11 153:C2/8:M2/8:S1/13:Q/1 154:S2/4 155:C1,M1,U1,S1/28-31:Q1/8: Term.A etc. 156 157:S2/19 158 159:S2/26 160 161:LK5 162:S2/29 163:S2/31 Connections 1 Space 2 Space 13 14 15 16 17 17 17 19 19 20 21 22 Description L1 110V (S) C/T IY Machine C/T IY Load St'by Volts Lower(different on twin AVR) St'by Volts Raise(different on twin AVR) Aux. DC ve Spare Ground Not Connected AC1 (PMG) Not Connected AC2 (PMG) Not Connected If(M) NBM +ve NBM -ve Description Aux DC +ve Input Not used Aux DC -ve Input Not used +ve for Standby +ve for Main +ve to Excite +ve to Trip Excitation +ve Aux D.C. Supply after FS1 +ve Aux D.C. Supply after FS1 +ve Aux D.C. Supply after FS1 -ve Aux D.C. Supply after FS2 -ve Aux D.C. Supply after FS2 Control State, Common Control State, Closed in Main Control State Closed in Standby
Connections Chart 17: 16 Way Socket 6 - Outgoing Connections Connections 23 24 25 26 27 28 Space 29 Space 30 Space Space Space Space 90 91 Connections 3 3 3 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 Description Excitation State (Com.) Excitation State (Closed if Excited) Excitation State (Closed if Tripped) Aux DC State (Com.) Aux DC State (Closed if Healthy) Aux DC State (Closed if Faulty) Not used PMG (AC1) for Main Channel P.S. Not used PMG (AC2) for Main Channel P.S. Not used Not used Not used Not used Spare Spare Comments Normally Linked to other terminals 3 and to 4 Normally Linked to other terminals 3 and to 4 Normally Linked to other terminals 3 and to 4 Normally Linked to terminals 3 Normally Linked to other terminals 5 Normally Linked to other terminals 5 Description PMG (AC1) Input for Main PMG (AC1) Input for Standby PMG (AC2) Input PMG (AC2) for Main PMG (AC2) after FSC-1 Exciter Field +ve Output Exciter Field -ve Output (Earthed)
Connections Chart 18: Heavy Duty Terminals At Rear Of Unit - Outgoing Connections
APPENDIX B - CARD LINK DESCRIPTIONS Link Description 1: A30-CON Card Link 1A 1B 2A 2B 3A 3B 4A 4B 5A 5B 6A 6B 6C 7A 7B 8A 8B 9A-19A 9B-19B 9C-19C 20A 20B Description For SCADA comms to COM 1 on front panel For SCADA comms to REMOTE COMMS Socket on Rear Panel For SCADA comms to COM 1 on front panel For SCADA comms to REMOTE COMMS Socket on Rear Panel Debugging comms to COM 2 on front panel (normally fitted) Omit Debugging comms to COM 2 on front panel (normally fitted) Omit Fit for Three-Phase Sensing (Omit LK5B) Fit for Single-Phase Sensing (Omit LK5A) For Analogue Input signal to bias sensing signal For Analogue input signal to auxiliary transducer Disable analogue input signal (Normally Fitted) Firing angle to Standby (normally fitted on single AVR brushless system) Disable Firing angle to Standby Firing angle to output terminal 111 (normally omitted -used on twin system) Disable Firing angle to terminal 111 (normally fitted) Fit for 24/48V D.C. Aux Supply (Omit LK9B-19B) Fit for 110/125V D.C. Aux Supply (Omit LK9A-19A) Park position for links 9 19 High Field Current Sensitivity ( normally omitted, fit on twin system) Normal Field Current Sensitivity ( normally fitted) Link Description 2: A30-CON Mezzanine Board (A30-M188) Link 1A 1B 2A 2B 2C 3A 3B 4A 4B 5A 5B Description Watchdog Reset (normally fitted) Disable Watchdog Reset (omit) Fit for excitation source frequency 251 480 Hz (4MHz clock) Fit for excitation source frequency 50 125 Hz (1MHz clock) Fit for excitation source frequency 126 250Hz (2MHz clock) Debugging Interrupt selector (omit) Normal Interrupt selector (normally fitted) Configure FPGA on watchdog reset (normally fitted) Configure FPGA on power up (omit) Excitation supply zero crossing signal (normally fitted) Alternative excitation supply zero crossing signal (omit)
Link Description 3: A30-MON Card Link 1A 1B 1C 2A 2B 3A 3B 4A 4B 5A 5B 6A 6B 7A-14A 7B-14B 7C-14C 15A 15B Description For Analogue Input signal to bias sensing signal For Analogue input signal to auxiliary transducer Disable analogue input signal (Normally Fitted) Fit for Single-Phase Sensing (Omit LK2B) Fit for Three-Phase Sensing (Omit LK2A) SCADA comms to COM 1 on front panel (normally fitted) SCADA comms to REMOTE COMMS Socket on Rear Panel (normally omitted) Debugging comms to COM 2 on front panel (normally fitted) Omit SCADA comms to COM 1 on front panel (normally fitted) SCADA comms to REMOTE COMMS Socket on Rear Panel (normally omitted) Debugging comms to COM 2 on front panel (normally fitted) Omit Fit for 24/48V D.C. Aux Supply (Omit LK7B-14B) Fit for 110/125V D.C. Aux Supply (Omit LK7A-14A) Park position for links 7 14 High Field Current Sensitivity ( normally omitted, fit on twin system) Normal Field Current Sensitivity ( normally fitted) Link Description 4: A30-MON Mezzanine Board (A30-M188) Link 1A 1B 2A 2B 2C 3A 3B 4A 4B 5A 5B Description Watchdog Reset (normally fitted) Disable Watchdog Reset (omit) Not applicable on monitor position does not matter Not applicable on monitor position does not matter Not applicable on monitor position does not matter Debugging Interrupt selector (omit) Normal Interrupt selector (normally fitted) Configure FPGA on watchdog reset (normally fitted) Configure FPGA on power up (omit) Excitation supply zero crossing signal (normally fitted) Alternative excitation supply zero crossing signal (omit)
Link Description 5: Standby Control Card Link LK1,3,6 1,5,6 2,3,4 7 8 9 10,11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Description Voltage selection links for 220/330V PMG (Omit LK2,4,5) Voltage selection links for 165/250V PMG (Omit LK2,3,4) Voltage selection links for 110/165V PMG (Omit LK1,5,6) Remove to inhibit Low Frequency Cut-off. Low Frequency Cut-off, Fit for 50Hz Machine (Omit LK9) Low Frequency Cut-off, Fit for 60Hz Machine (Omit LK8) Power Supply Test Links (Normally Fitted) C.T. Selector Fit for 1 Amp Metering C.T. (Omit LK13) C.T. Selector Fit for 5 Amp Metering C.T. (Omit LK12) Fit to select Field Voltage Control (Omit LK15) Fit to select Line Voltage Control (Omit LK14) Fit to select High Range Field Voltage Control 0-200V (Omit LK17) Fit when Line Voltage Control is Required Fit to select Low Range Field Voltage Control 0-100V (Omit LK16) Raise/Lower with 24/48V D.C. Aux Voltage (Omit LK19) Raise/Lower with 110/125V D.C. Aux Voltage (Omit LK18) Auto Follower with 24/48V D.C. Aux. Voltage (Omit LK21) Auto Follower with 110/125V D.C. Aux. Voltage (Omit LK20) Fit for PMG Frequency of 201Hz and above Fit for PMG Frequency of 200Hz and below Fit to select Field Voltage Limit. AVR Stabilising Link for Exciter Field Time Constant of 0.4 - 0.7 sec. (Omit LK26, 27, 28) AVR Stabilising Link for Exciter Field Time Constant of 0.1 - 0.4 SEC (Omit LK25, 27, 28) Fit when in Field Voltage Control (Omit LK26, 25, 28) AVR Stabilising Link for Exciter Field Time Constant of 0.7 - 1.5 SEC (Omit LK26, 25, 27) Slow Clocking Link for Low Exciter Field Voltage (Normally Omitted) Link Description 6: Utilities Card Link LK1 LK2 LK3 Description Fit to increase Sensitivity of D.F.I. (Normally Omitted) Fit to decrease Sensitivity of D.F.I. (Normally Omitted) Fit for continued operation of Auto Follower when Limiter Operates (Normally Omitted) Link Description 7: Backboard Link LK1A 1B 2A 2B 3A 3B Description 5 Amp Metering CT selector (Omit LK1B) 1 Amp metering CT selector (Omit LK1A) Internal A30-CON Field Current Transducer (Normally Fitted) External Field Current Transducer (Omit) Internal A30-MON Field Current Transducer (Normally Fitted) External Field Current Transducer (Omit) Link Description 8: Auxiliaries Board Link LK1,3,6 1,5,6 2,3,4 LK7,8,9,10 Description Voltage selection Links for 220/330V PMG (Omit LK2,4,5) Voltage selection Links for 165/230V PMG (Omit LK2,3,4) Voltage selection Links for 110/165V PMG (Omit LK1,5,6) Fit for 24V DC Aux Supply; Omit for110/125V DC Aux Supply
APPENDIX C - HOLDING REGISTERS FOR SCADA

Brush A30 Excitation Controller Holding Registers for SCADA Logic 0 / Logic 1 / Value 2 Value 1 Value 1 Unscaled Unscaled Scaled Always zero 0 0 255 TRUE TRUE Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive switches 1400 -50 600 900 Activate Activate Activate Activate Activate Activate Activate Deactivate Deactivate Deactivate Deactivate Deactivate Deactivate Deactivate Active Active Active Active Active Active HMI 70 -50 0.6 0.9 2600 100 1000 1000 130 100 1 1 2 0 3 3 Value 2 Scaled 255 No of Decimal Places 1 Eng. Units MW
Type Register Bit Description
HReg HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HReg HReg HReg HReg
40001 40001 40002 40003 40003 40003 40003 40003 40003 40003 40004 40004 40004 40004 40004 40004 40004 40005 40005 40005 40005 40005 40005 40005 40006 40007 40008 40009
0 Always FALSE 0 Always TRUE Commands Issued via Comms 0 PF Control Activate 1 VAr Control Activate 2 VAr Shed Activate 3 PFRef Leading Activate 4 Reset Monitors Request 5 Self Centre Voltage Reference Request 6 Mode Selection via comms Request 0 PF Control Deactivate 1 VAr Control Deactivate 2 VAr Shed Deactivate 3 PFRef Leading Deactivate 4 Reset Monitors Deactivate 5 Self Centre Voltage Reference Deactivate 6 Mode Selection via comms Deactivate Status of Commands Issued via Comms 0 PF Control Active via comms 1 VAr Control Active via comms 2 VAr Shed Active via comms 3 PFRef Leading Active via comms 4 Reset Monitors Request via comms 5 Self Centre Voltage Request via comms 6 Mode Selection via comms Setpoints Adjustable via Comms Volts Reference VAr Reference (Lead -ve Lag +ve) PF Reference Lagging PF Reference Leading
Brush A30 Excitation Controller Holding Registers for SCADA Type Register Bit Description Logic 0 / Logic 1 / Value 2 Value 1 Value 1 Unscaled Unscaled Scaled Digital Data which may be Inspected Via Comms HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit 40014 40014 40014 40014 40014 40014 40014 40014 40014 40014 40014 40015 40015 40015 40015 40015 40015 40015 40015 40015 40015 40125 40125 40125 40125 40125 40015 40015 40015 40015 40015 40015 0 V Raise Switch On 1 V Lower Switch On 2 PF Raise Switch On 3 PF Lower Switch On 4 PF Control Selected via switch 5 VAr Shed Selected via switch 6 Diode Failure Detected 7 Main or Stanby Control ? 8 VAr Control Selected via switch 9 Self Centre Selected via switch 10 Remote Selected on Panel Switch 0 Manual Control Active 1 OE Limiter Active 2 UE Limiter Active 3 Fast OE Limiter Active 4 Field Suppressed 5 PMG Buildup Permissive 6 PMG Frequency Low 7 Over Flux Limiter Active 8 DIL Switch 1 On = Brushless/Off = Static 9 DIL Switch 2 On = Brushless / Off = Static 0 VT Failure Protection 2 Active 6 Soft Start Completed 7 VT failure Protection 1 Active 10 AVR Matched To Standby 15 VT Failure Protection 3 Active Manual Regulator Configuration 10 DIL Switch 3 11 DIL Switch 4 12 DIL Switch 5 13 DIL Switch 6 DIL Switch 7 On = Normal / Off = Load 14 Defaults 15 DIL Switch 8 On = Local / Off = Panel Normal Normal Normal Run Use Presets Always Local Off Bench Test Off reset Load Defaults Panel Select Off Off Off Off Off Off Healthy Main Off Off Panel Inactive Inactive Inactive Inactive Field On <85% >80% Inactive Brushless Brushless Inactive Incomplete Inactive Mismatched Inactive On On On On On On Fail Standby On On HMI Active Active Active Active Suppressed >85% <80% Active Static Static Manual Active Complete Active Matched Active
Value 2 Scaled
No of Eng. Decimal Units Places
Brush A30 Excitation Controller Holding Registers for SCADA Type Register Bit Description Logic 0 / Logic 1 / Value 2 Value 1 Value 1 Unscaled Unscaled Scaled Switch Selection HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HBit HReg HReg HReg HReg HReg HReg HReg HReg HReg HReg HReg 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40016 40017 40017 40017 40018 40020 40021 40022 40023 40024 40025 40026 40027 40028 40029 0 Standby Card Low 1 Standby Card High 2 spare 3 spare 4 spare 5 spare 6 spare 7 spare 8 Monitor Card Supervisory 9 Monitor Card Under Excitation 10 Monitor Card Over Excitation 11 Monitor Card Under Volts 12 Monitor Card Over Volts 13 spare 14 spare 15 spare 0 EEPROM Modes CRC Error Detected 1 EEPROM Commission Presets Checksum Error Detected 2 EEPROM Old Presets Checksum Error Detected Offset of First Mismatched EEPROM Preset Analog Data which may be Inspected Via Comms Volts Sensing Line Amps Sensing PF Sensing (lag= -ve) Watts Measured VAr Measured VA Measured Field Amps Sensing PMG Frequency Measured Line Frequency Ambient Temperature Sensing 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -10 2400 1000 10000 11000 11000 11000 3000 255 500 3520 0 0 255 Normal Error Normal Normal Error Error Fault Trip Trip Trip Trip Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Low High
Value 2 Scaled
No of Eng. Decimal Units Places
255 120 10 1 550 550 550 30 255 50 100
0 2 2 3 1 1 1 2 0 2 1 V A PF W VAr VA A Hz Hz deg C
APPENDIX D - RECOMMENDED SPARES Commissioning/Operational Spares Part No. S962609700 S962609800 S962615908 S962615909 S962615912 S962615912 S962615913 S962615914 S962615936 Description COMCAB Cable HMI Software Fuse, 20A (Set of 5) [Mainframe FS5, FS6] Fuse, 5A (Set of 5) [Mainframe FS1, FS2] Fuse, 250mA (Set of 5) [Standby FS1, FS2, FS3] Fuse, 250mA (Set of 5) [Utilities FS2, FS4] Fuse, 1A (Set of 5) [Utilities FS1, FS3] Fuse, 100mA (Set of 5) [Utilities FS5] Fuse, 2A (Set of 5) [Mainframe FS3, FS4] Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Operational Spares Part No. Description S961529800 Utilities Card S962243400 Standby Control Card S962425300 Auxiliaries Card S962608900 A30-CON Card S962609000 A30-MON Card S962615901 *Contactor, 24Vdc [Mainframe ECC] S962615902 *Contactor, 24Vdc [Mainframe FSC] S962615903 *Contactor Latch, 24Vdc (Set of 2) [Mainframe ECC, FSC] S962615904 *Contactor, 110Vdc [Mainframe ECC] S962615905 *Contactor, 110Vdc [Mainframe FSC] S962615906 *Contactor Latch, 110Vdc (Set of 2) [Mainframe ECC, FSC] S962615907 Freewheel Diode (Set of 2) [Mainframe ECC, FSC] S962615921 Diode Pack [Mainframe DM1, DM2] S962615922 Thyristor Pack [Mainframe TM1, TM2] S962615923 Bridge Rectifier [Mainframe DB1, DB2] S962615940 Contactor Block [Mainframe ECC, FSC] * Select 24Vdc or 110Vdc as appropriate. Strategic Spares To ensure maximum generator availability, it is recommended that a spare PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller should be kept in storage. If ordered after the time of manufacture of the main equipment, it is important that your order specifies the serial number of the original unit, to enable the appropriate spare/replacement unit to be supplied. Quantity 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000 21 APPENDIX E - DRAWINGS The following drawings are attached as separate additional pages: 961755200 961903800 962121900 962603000 963086400 963086500 963099600 A30 Excitation Controller, Internal Wiring Diagram (also applies to MicroAVR) A30 Excitation Controller, Circuit Diagram (also applies to MicroAVR) A30 Excitation Controller, Rear Plug Connectors (also applies to MicroAVR) A30 Excitation Controller, Hinged Panel - Front and Rear Labels A30 Excitation Controller, Connection Diagram A30 Excitation Controller, General Arrangement A30 Excitation Controller, Typical System Circuit Diagram Issue: J Date: 30 May 2003 Page: 126 of 126

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Instruction Manual

PRISMIC A30 EXCITATION CONTROLLER

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

Date: 30 May 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

Figure 1: A30 Excitation Controller Scheme

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

Reactive Current Control:

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

Compensation characteristic: Linear.

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

LED 7 LED 8 6.1.12

VAr shed selected. VAr control selected.

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

PRISMIC A30 Excitation Controller Manual No: HB959202000

Date: 30 May 2003

8 (A30 Terminal 107)

8.6V 8 Output To A30 0.4V

Input From PSS 69V

9 (Note: Pins 1 to 7 and Pins 10 to 16 are straight through)

9 (A30 Terminal 108)

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

Compensation characteristic: Linear.

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003

Figure 4: Block Diagram Of A30-CON Card

HB959202000 (J) A30 Excitation Controller.doc

Brush Electrical Machines Ltd. 2003