Sydney Carroll Period 3

Testing the Combined Gas Law

Introduction: The purpose of this lab is to know if the relationship between volume, temperature, and pressure in the combined gas law will be confirmed or rejected. The combined gas law states that pressure and temperature are proportional which means that if temperature increases, then the pressure increases. Boyles law states that volume and pressure are inversely related, meaning that if the volume increases then the pressure decreases. Boyles law equation is P1V2=P2V1. Pressure can be altered by temperature. In Charles law he reveals that if heat is added to an object the molecules will move faster and cause several collisions between the molecules in order to increase a higher pressure with volume. Procedures: Analyzing the relationship between pressure and volume. 1. The syringe was set to 20ml. 2. The tip, tubing and the gauge were connected to the syringe. 3. The syringe should not be pulled back. 4. The initial volume and temperature were recorded on Table 1. 5. The pressure was recorded and the syringe was compresses by 2ml. 6. Step 5 was repeated until the needle reached 760mmHg. 7. The gauge pressure was converted to absolute pressure by adding 760mmHg. Analyzing the relationships between volume and temperature. 1. Syringe is set to 30ml and capped 2. Students placed water along with thermometer and syringe in a 40ml beaker. 3. The current air temperature from the wall thermometer was recorded in Table 2. 1

Sydney Carroll Period 3 4. Students heated water to 65 Celsius and recorded the volume of the syringe. 5. Students recorded the volume of the syringed while water was heated to 100 Celsius.

Results: Table 1: Data for analyzing the relationship between volume and pressure of gas.
Volume (ml) 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 Gauge Pressure (mmHg) 1 90 160 250 350 490 630 Predicted Pressure (mmHg) Absolute Pressure (mmHg) 760 850 920 1010 1110 1250 1390 760 844.4444444 950 1085.714286 1266.666667 1520 1900

Table 2: Data for analyzing the relationship between volume and temperature of a gas.
Absolute Temperature (K) 298 338 373

Temperature (C) 25 65 100

Volume (mL) 30 31 33

Predicted Volume (mL) 30 34.026 37.550

Sydney Carroll Period 3 Figure 2:

PRESSURE VS. VOLUME

2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 0 PRESSURE (MMHG) y = 15200x-1 R = 1 Experimental Predicted y = 5511x-0.65 R = 0.9901 Power (Experimental) Power (Predicted) 5 10 15 VOLUME (ML) 20 25

Figure 2:

Volume Vs. Temperature

40 35 Volume (mL) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 100 200 300 Temperature 400 y = 0.0396x + 17.999 R = 0.9486 y = 0.1007x R = 1 Experimental Predicted Linear (Experimental) Linear (Predicted)

Sydney Carroll Period 3 Conclusion: The purpose of the lab was not met. Charles's law and Boyles law were almost close to the experimental data, but since there were sources of error while during the experiment the experimental data wasnt accurate. At the same time; the predictions making the gas laws reliable. Charles law states that if the temperature increases the volume increases as well. Boyles law states that if volume decreases the pressure increases. Even with some errors throughout the experiment you can still see Charles and Boyle's law is true.

While doing the experiments, there were sources of errors that did not allow the data to be accurate or precise. One of the errors occurred within the syringe because inside the syringe was a blurger with rubber at the bottom. While the pressure was increasing in the syringe it was difficult for the level to rise due to the rubber causing friction on syringe. Another source of error was the room temperature; the ac was on which caused the room temperature to change. This changed the outcome of the experiment because the complete syringe wasnt inside the beaker making the outside pressure stronger than the pressure inside the syringe. The cold air in the room caused the rate of collisions of molecules to decrease thus making the syringe collisions decrease and making it harder for the syringe to heat up which allowed the pressure to increase.